BBC R&D Annual Review 2007-2008
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Contents FOREWORD 2 SERVICES freesat 4 Interactivity for HD 6 Digital Video Recorders 8 Metadata Publishing for an On-demand World 11 DELIVERY Digital Switchover 12 Digital Radio Mondiale 13 Beyond HD 14 Another Look at the Fundamentals 16 Human Media Interaction 18 Audience Research 21 PRODUCTION Production Magic 22 3D Content Generation 24 Prestospace 25 Programme Production 26 Radio Spectrum for Production 28 CORE TECHNOLOGIES Dirac 30 Audio Developments 32 QESTRAL 33 Networks for Programme Production 34 Digital Rights Management 37 Radio Developments 38 WORKING WITH US Innovation Culture 40 Collaborative Projects 43 Standards 44 More Information 47 Credits 48 BBC RESEARCH & INNOVATION ANNUAL REVIEW 2007 – 2008 1 Foreword by Colin Whitbread In a challenging year for the Research & Innovation team I am What’s pleased to report a number of significant successes, for which happening in I want to thank all those in BBC R&I for their excellent focus Future Media and commitment during an uncertain and difficult period. We R&I are in the early stages of a migration process, which involves by Nick Wells leaving Kingswood Warren and becoming an integral part of the BBC’s FM&T divisional home at White City. This year we have welcomed two new teams We have made significant changes to the organisational into BBC R&I, the BBC’s Innovation Culture structure and now have two functional groups within BBC R&I team and, more recently, the Rapid Application Development Unit. The Innovation Culture – namely Broadcast and Future Media. team supports a wide range of BBC divisions, not just BBC R&I, in undertaking collaborative Future Media’s long term focus is the new Media City at Salford work. It helps to transfer ideas, prototypes and in 2011/2012, where we will be an integral part of a Future knowledge into the business, and takes part in Media Research institute together with partners from industry early stage research projects, as well as engaging and academia. directly with the wider external community of software and applications developers through a So, by mid-2009, if all goes to plan, we will have left Kingswood series of successful events such as ‘Mashed’, the ‘Backstage’ initiative and collaborative projects Warren, the home of the BBC’s technology research for the such as ‘Participate’. past 60 years and moved to the BBC’s campus in White City, London W12. Over the years Kingswood Warren has been The Rapid Application Development Unit was synonymous with BBC Research, and either name is as well established recently and works closely with known outside the BBC as within. We are rightly proud of a operational areas to develop near-term new reputation which is both national and international, established products and prototypes. Its work so far has included contributing to the EU 7th Framework over many decades for being at the forefront of innovation for project P2P-Next, delivering new metadata broadcast and media technologies. frameworks (URIPLAY), and working with teams inside and outside the BBC to develop functional For many it will be sad to leave Kingswood Warren, but the products for evaluation and trials. chance to place BBC R&I at the heart of the BBC will allow us to engage more closely with our colleagues and undertake Future Media R&I is also exploring enhance - exciting and challenging new areas of work. There will of course ments to the ways in which people can interact with BBC-provided material. Areas of study be new opportunities: BBC R&I is not so much about include personalisation of interactions and technology itself, but how skilfully that technology can be providing mechanisms to enable social inter - exploited to create and deliver innovative content and services actions with others whilst consuming media. to BBC audiences. Also, improved methods of navigating BBC archives are being developed and ways are At White City, we will be closer to the business of content being explored in which BBC material can be made more easily accessible. The volume of creation and delivery, and able to continue adding value to the user-generated content submitted to the BBC BBC. I look forward to the year ahead as our BBC R&I teams is constantly growing and automatic methods settle into their new environment and drive forward our for analysing and sorting this content are strategy for the future. being investigated. You may be aware that our work ranges from fundamental Network architectures are also being studied. research to helping set up trials and new services, both in the These include Grid networks and services, IP networks for professional delivery of traditional Broadcast field and now the Future Media area. audio, and establishing standards for video During the past year, there have been many notable contribution and distribution over achievements to recognise and celebrate, some of which are wireless networks. included in this report which I hope you enjoy reading. 2 What’s happening in Broadcast R&I by Andy Bower freesat has just been launched to the public – Meanwhile our work on advanced Our multi-camera tapeless recording system, a subscription-free satellite service already modulation technologies, such as MIMO, ‘Ingex’, has been used for the programme carrying over 80 channels of radio, standard another method for making efficient use Dragons’ Den. We have continued our work and high-definition television. We provided of precious radio spectrum especially in the on ‘production magic’ mainly for sports much of the technical expertise towards area of wireless production systems, was applications. This combines pictures from planning and setting up the technical recognised with an award at the 2007 different cameras to produce a view of the infrastructure for this service, both to the International Broadcasting Convention. action from any view point and blends real BBC and the freesat joint venture. This and virtual images seamlessly to allow our included making sure that high-definition The BBC’s high definition TV service was production colleagues to create novel and compatible ‘red button’ interactive services, launched towards the end of 2007. Involved innovative programmes. access services such as subtitling and in its development from the outset, we made on-screen listings were fully supported right our first high definition pictures over twenty A significant part of our work is the result of from the start. years ago. We’re now looking to the longer- collaborations. During the past year we have term future – towards even higher definitions, successfully bid for several new externally- Behind the scenes of digital TV, we’ve more immersive systems such as 3D TV and funded projects on topics as diverse as 3D continued to help specify, test and sign off better sound systems. In this work we are imaging and automatic content recom - technical upgrades and changes to the collaborating with NHK, Philips and a number mendation systems. We are collaborating playout, distribution and transmission of other prominent international organisations. with other major broadcasting research infrastructure to reflect the BBC’s constantly centres from Italy, Germany and Japan, evolving digital platforms and services. Interest in Dirac continues to grow. Dirac wherever possible sharing expertise and Working with our partners in industry, is an open source family of efficient video effort to focus jointly on innovative solutions we are extending the recording options compression coders, suitable for a wide range in a variety of areas ranging from Ultra that can be made available to PVR owners of applications from HDTV production, HDTV and 3DTV, virtual production, through through Freeview+ (formerly Freeview storage and delivery through to internet to accessibility to content and services for Playback) and freesat, making it even easier streaming. Dirac Pro, the version of the the elderly or disabled. for our audiences to access our content coder aimed at applications for high-definition when and how they want. production and distribution, is expected to Another important aspect of our be approved by the SMPTE as an international collaborative activities is working with major Providing HDTV on the Freeview digital standard later this year. Exploitation through universities. We continue to develop new terrestrial TV platform will be an integral part licensing of our know-how, means that relationships and strengthen our existing ones. of the digital switchover process. BBC R&I commercial products are now available. We achieve this in a variety of ways, through technologists, working with partners from These allow broadcasters such as the BBC to collaborative projects, direct sponsorship of across the world within the Digital Video distribute HD content over existing standard contract research or research studentships, Broadcasting Project, have led the definition infrastructure within production and industrial placements for students. development and standardisation of a new and playout centres. This has the potential to terrestrial transmission technique, known as save the BBC significant sums of money by DVB-T2. This will increase the available avoiding the need to upgrade to full HD capacity of a terrestrial channel, enabling infrastructure all at once and upfront, when more HDTV services to be broadcast over migrating to high definition production. the terrestrial network. BBC RESEARCH & INNOVATION ANNUAL REVIEW 2007 – 2008 3 freesat freesat was launched on 6 May 2008. It provides a free satellite service, to give licence payers The freesat platform At the heart of the platform is a feed of broadcast greater control over how they receive the BBC’s metadata that enables a set-top box to find freesat programmes. In particular it is a way of watching services scattered across many different satellite transponders. Metadata is also broadcast to help the BBC’s HD broadcasts on satellite without receiver installers select the correct ‘bouquet’ of paying an extra subscription, although viewers do regional services according to the viewer’s UK postcode.