D7.6.2 Online Access to Audiovisual Heritage Status Report ‐ July 2012
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D7.6.2 Online Access to Audiovisual Heritage Status Report ‐ July 2012 ECP 2008 DILI 518002 EUscreen Exploring Europe’s Television Heritage in Changing Contexts D7.6.2 Online Access to Audiovisual Heritage Status Report Deliverable number: D7.6.2 Dissemination level: Public Delivery date: 23 July 2012 Status: Final [Submitted for Approval] Author(s): WP7 (Erwin Verbruggen, Johan Oomen) eContentplus This project is funded under the eContentplus programme, a multiannual Community programme to make digital content in Europe more accessible, usable and exploitable. D7.6.2 Online Access to Audiovisual Heritage Status Report ‐ July 2012 Version nr. Description Date Name V1.0 Extended Outline 2012/05/23 Erwin Verbruggen V2.0 Review version 2012/05/24 Johan Oomen V3.0 Draft version 2012/06/11 Erwin Verbruggen Rutger Rozendal V4.0 Review Version 2012/06/20 Tobias Golodnoff Rachel Somers Miles V5.0 Draft Version 2012/07/05 Erwin Verbruggen V6.0 Review Version 2012/07/06 Rob Turnock V7.0 Final Version 2012/07/22 Erwin Verbruggen 2 D7.6.2 Online Access to Audiovisual Heritage Status Report ‐ July 2012 Table of Contents Introduction .....................................................................................................................................................4 1. Major Trends in Online Access to Audiovisual Content..............................................................................6 1.1. Changes in the Online Landscape ....................................................................................................... 6 1.1.1. Growth & Mobile Access .................................................................................................................................... 6 1.1.2. Channelization and Platform Instability..................................................................................................... 8 1.2. Archives Online ........................................................................................................................................10 1.2.1. The Six Ages of Digital.......................................................................................................................................10 1.2.2. Commercial System Development...............................................................................................................11 1.2.3. Opening up the Archive....................................................................................................................................12 2. Towards a Cultural Commons.............................................................................................................................15 2.1. The Importance of Being Open..........................................................................................................15 2.2. Remix Philosophy in the Age of Digital Sharing .........................................................................17 2.3. Remix Challenges & Competitions Set Up by Archives............................................................19 2.4. New Tools for Context and Cut‐Ups.................................................................................................20 2.4.1. Open Video.............................................................................................................................................................20 2.4.2. HTML5......................................................................................................................................................................21 2.4.3. Linked Data............................................................................................................................................................21 2.4.4. Visualising Connections ...................................................................................................................................22 3. Topics in the (European) Research Arena.....................................................................................................23 3.1. Future Internet.........................................................................................................................................23 3.2. Linking Television to the Web ...........................................................................................................24 3.3. Mobile...........................................................................................................................................................26 3.4. 3D and the Immersive Experience ...................................................................................................27 3.5. Search Technologies & Socially Aware Media.............................................................................27 4. Concluding Remarks................................................................................................................................................29 Annex I: 90+ Sources for Open Video................................................................................................... 30 Annex II: European Broadcasting Catchup Services...................................................................... 38 Annex III: Archival Video Remix Contests (2005 – 2012)............................................................. 40 Literature ....................................................................................................................................................... 41 3 D7.6.2 Online Access to Audiovisual Heritage Status Report ‐ July 2012 Introduction EUscreen is a best‐practice network that was founded in 2009. The network consists of a large, international group of broadcasters, television archives, technical developers and academic research groups that together aim to create an interoperable access point to Europe's television heritage. This access point, a portal that makes use of advanced search and exploration possibilities, was launched in October 2011. The EUscreen project has positioned itself as an international platform for audiovisual heritage that comes from the European television domain and is now one of the key players in the field of providing online access to audiovisual heritage. Several milestones of the project have been achieved: 1) the platform is online so users can browse, find and explore the growing amount of items that are currently published; 2) an e‐journal for critical reflection, the first edition of the Journal for European Television History and Culture, has been published (Fickers & de Leeuw, 2012) and 3) the integration between the EUscreen portal and the Europeana platform has been set up. This status report comes at a time where the project needs to reflect on its position in the field and on its future, to know what position it should take towards the final stages of the project and to foresee what further steps should be expected to need investigation in the future. In January 2011, EUscreen published its status report on Online Access to Audiovisual Heritage (van den Heuvel & Baltussen, 2011). This first status report gave an in‐depth overview of the status quo and combined research that was undertaken in the EUscreen market study (van den Heuvel & Baltussen, 2010) with a wide range of related topics. It gave a high‐level overview of general access to audiovisual heritage, specified according to the different user groups and laid out in terms of the digital content life cycle.1 It gave an overview of trends in online access for European online audiences, taking use cases and web development into account. It then zoomed in on an in‐depth exploration of the educational domain and detailed the extent to which audiovisual heritage online can support both classroom and independent education. It provided business models for how platforms where such services are offered can strengthen their sustainability to remain operational and accessible. Now, one year later, this follow‐up report takes another look at the topics discussed in D7.6.1 with the intention that, in a field that faces constant renewal, overhaul and additional challenges, we should take stock of the current status of the online audiovisual heritage field and measure our own strategies and technological solutions for providing access. This report is an intermediary status report: towards the end of the project a number of evaluation deliverables are scheduled to be delivered to the commission. Notably D1.5 Final Report, 1 The digital content life cycle presents the archival steps of creating content, describing it (providing it with metadata) and managing the digital rights of the content as a continuous process. 4 D7.6.2 Online Access to Audiovisual Heritage Status Report ‐ July 2012 D7.7 Final exploitation report, and D5.5 Best practice applications will zoom in on the effects of online audiovisual heritage content for the targeted user groups (leisure, reuse, academic and educational use) in the EUscreen best‐practice network. This deliverable is structured as follows: the first chapter gives an overview of major developments, including access provision and use of content by the creative industries. In the second chapter we explore the topic of (sustainable) reuse of audiovisual sources as a cultural and explorative practice leading towards more open and participatory archives. The third chapter discusses the research topics in this area. Through this structure, we successively discuss the three main trends regarding access: [1] use and reuse today, [2] trends towards a cultural commons