FAA National Runway Safety Plan 2018-2020

COMMITTED TO CONTINUOUSLY IMPROVING SURFACE SAFETY.

National Runway Safety Plan

2018-2020

NRSP RUNWAY SAFETY COUNCIL #47

www.faa.gov Executive-Level Statement

Before rolling for takeoff, all pilots TABLE make sure their compass aligns with OF CONTENTS Summary the known direction of the runway. 4 This critical step reduces risk by Safety Assurance helping ensure flight instruments 6 are calibrated properly. Safety Risk Management Like a compass, the National Runway Safety Plan 8 2018-2020 aligns our strategic priorities with established Safety Risk Management principles. The plan defines how the FAA, airports, and industry Safety Policy partners collaborate and use data-driven, risk-based 10 decision-making to enhance the safety of the National Airspace System. Safety Promotion This is especially important in an era of tightening 16 resources. We are doing more with less by refining data and using automation to improve efficiency. We prefer modifying present resources to introducing new 19 International Leadership technology as a way to enhance safety mitigations.

Our efforts are local, national, and international in scope. We can pinpoint problems at an airport to a single intersection at a specific time of day, or use millions of data points to identify a systemic problem. Our Runway Safety Enhancement Initiatives apply strategic efforts to mitigate the identified risk.

The Runway Safety Program’s responsibility continues to serve as the focal point for all surface safety initiatives. We are committed to continuously improving runway safety.

James Fee Safety and Technical Training Runway Safety Group Manager Federal Aviation Administration Air Traffic Organization 4 2018-2020 National Runway Safety Plan Strategic Objectives 2018-2020 National Runway Safety Plan Strategic Objectives 5 Summary SAFETY ASSURANCE Identify Operating Hazards The National Runway Safety Plan 2018-2020 Council, that have been used in several cases Program Data builds on the achievements of the National to identify and mitigate safety risks. We identify Runway Safety Plan 2015-2017. The most and discuss three strategic steps. These steps Remain the global leader Voluntary Safety Reporting fundamental impact of the first plan has include data collection and analysis, plans and in assuring runway safety Investigations been the successful integration of the Safety policy, and finally communicating the change. enhancement initiatives are Safety Risk Monitoring Management System principles into the Runway effective in maintaining an Data Analysis Safety strategy. These principles are: Safety As with the previous plan, this plan is designed acceptable level of safety at U.S. Assurance, Safety Risk Management, Safety to expand our role as the global leader in runway Partnership for Safety airports with an air traffic control Policy, and Safety Promotion. safety while serving as a resource for anyone tower. Audits and Evaluations interested in aviation safety. For each principle, These principles favor iterative steps in support we describe the current state of applications of data-driven, risk-based decision-making. of the principle and how they fit into the overall That’s a strategy we will apply during the three strategy. Supplemental documents can be found SAFETY RISK years of this plan. on the RUNWAY SAFETY WEBSITE. MANAGEMENT Analyze, Assess, Mitigate, and Accept Risk An important example of how that strategy benefits the NAS has been the identification of Implement Runway Safety Develop Monitoring Plan wrong surface operations as a rising risk and The four components of the SMS Enhancement Initiatives that Safety Risk Management our subsequent focus on finding solutions to manage or reduce the risk of Documents mitigate the risk. One of these solutions, Airport combine to create a systemic airport operations. Surface Detection Equipment Model X (ASDE-X) Taxiway Arrival Prediction (ATAP) is in use today. approach to managing and We refer to this example throughout the plan to SAFETY ensuring safety. illustrate how the Runway Safety strategy works. POLICY

This plan outlines the methods and collaborative SMS Orders organizations, such as the Runway Safety Establish and maintain policies Safety Guidance and procedures to ensure adequate resources are available FAA/ATO Safety Orders to accomplish the FAA’s near-term SMS Manual and strategic objectives.

SAFETY PROMOTION Outreach and Education Relentlessly promote best Products practices, lessons learned, and Lessons Learned actionable information obtained Workshops from data analysis to our global Safety Communication runway safety stakeholders. 6 2018-2020 National Runway Safety Plan Strategic Objectives 2018-2020 National Runway Safety Plan Strategic Objectives 7

MILESTONES

After conducting data Integrate the capability for analysis on wrong surface the automatic-classification 1. Safety Assurance events, the Runway Safety (Autoclass) of surface safety Group identified 9 airports events. The RSG will use across the country with technology to isolate low-risk DATA MONITORING AND ANALYSIS high risk of runway excursions non-conflict category D  and collisions. During FY20, the  events and high confidence RSG conducted Special Focus conflict category C events. RSAT meetings at the identified This will streamline resources airports to discuss mitigation by reducing the number of Objective: Remain the global leader in assuring Runway Safety strategies and to develop a events that are currently enhancement initiatives are effective in maintaining an acceptable plan of action. Most of these manually entered and meetings were conducted processed in runway safety level of safety at U.S. airports with an air traffic control tower. virtually due to COVID-19 tool. This milestone requires pandemic travel restrictions. See close coordination with By weighting some categories of data collected Absolute safety is elusive, but approachable. the Safety Promotion section for FAA Enterprise Information involving runway excursions, incursions, and surface We plan to get closer every year. The first step more information and a list of Management and will carry incidents, the Surface Safety Metric sorts information in our strategic approach to safety is to collect the SFRSAT airports. over from FY20 to FY21. and analyze data generated by aviation activity for a better understanding of what is driving the most in the National Airspace System (NAS). risk in the system. The weighting is based on severity

Currently, we use data collected from runway Absolute safety is incursions (RI) and surface incidents to sort Safety Assurance: Combined Risk and Event Count runway incursions into categories established by elusive, but approachable. the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) as A, B, C, and D events. A and B are considered and frequency to create a combined risk index. The 3500 140 severe and attract the most attention. However, data showed that because we see and mitigate more the four categories present a significant limitation; incidents, cumulative risk decreases. 3000 120 they do not adequately measure the risk to people and property in the NAS. For example, C and D CLICK HERE TO SEE THE SURFACE SAFETY METRIC 2500 100 events may at times indicate greater risk. WEIGHTING SCHEME DOCUMENT. 2000 80

In response to this limitation, the Surface Beginning in Fiscal Year (FY) 2019, the Surface Safety Metric was created to measure safety Safety Metric will be the FAA’s main metric for the 1500 60 performance of the NAS in the runway public reporting of risk in the NAS. It builds on the categories established by ICAO but allows the FAA, environment. Unlike existing metrics that focus 1000 40 primarily on RIs, the Surface Safety Metric through its Safety Management System (SMS), Weight Combined incorporates all types of relevant runway safety to sort data differently and focus on events with 500 20 events that occur in the runway environment. outcomes such as injury and/or aircraft damage, according to their proximity to a fatal accident. By Count Accidentsof and Incidents 0 0 This technique helped us discover the risks posed incorporating every type of runway safety event, the by a growing number of aircraft taking off, landing, Surface Safety Metric reflects the overall safety of ‘97 ‘98 ‘99 ‘00 ‘01 ‘02 ‘03 ‘04 ‘05 ‘06 ‘07 ‘08 ‘09 ‘10 ‘11 ‘12 ‘13 ‘14 ‘15 ‘16 or taxiing on the wrong surface. Our reaction to the NAS in the runway environment. With the use that discovery will be discussed further in the of this comprehensive metric, the FAA is setting an Combined Accident Count Combined Weight Safety Risk Management, Safety Policy, and innovative example that can be shared internationally Safety Promotions sections below. to increase runway safety worldwide. Combined Incident Count Poly. (Combined Weight [MA]) 8 2018-20202018-2020 National Runway Safety Plan Strategic Objectives 2018-2020 National Runway Safety Plan Strategic Objectives 9

MILESTONES 2. Safety Risk The Runway Safety Group’s objective is to take steps to continuously achieve all initiatives established within the 2020 time frame and beyond. In the spirit of continuing forward, all initiatives 2020 are documented for accountability in the SURFACE SAFETY GROUP (SSG) INITIATIVE TRACKING Management DOCUMENT. MITIGATION PLAN DEVELOPMENT

Objective: Remain the global leader in implementing mitigation plans and technology that manage or reduce ASDE-X Taxiway Arrival Pre-ATAP Prediction (ATAP) Enhancement 500ft Threshold the risk of airport operations. ATAP is an enhancement to the ASDE-X Before ATAP, the aircraft safety logic that adds the capability to alert would have continued towards Taxiway E. Once we identify a safety issue, we do something existing technology, such as ATAP, rather than the when an aircraft is aligned with a taxiway. It about it. Ensuring the safety and integrity of added cost of full-on development. is currently operational at 18 airports across Runway Safety Areas (RSA) remains one of the the country. The FAA expects to complete the Pre -ATAP FAA’s highest priorties. Surface Safety Group (SSG) 2,000ft Threshold The Runway Safety Group established the SSG to deployment of ATAP in FY21. With ATAP, the aircraft In response to the risk posed by wrong surface manage the Surface Safety Portfolio of Initiatives. The ATAP alert capability is also being was alerted ahead of events, we increased the alerting capability of the The SSG is a workgroup of subject matter experts modified for operation at Airports Surface the 2,000 threshold Airport Surface Detection Equipment Model X from across FAA lines of business and industry, that Safety Capability (ASSC) airports. and was instructed (ASDE-X) system, to alert when an approaching convenes on a quarterly basis to develop national to go around. aircraft is aligned with a taxiway rather than the surface safety strategies and mitigations. SSG As of January 2020, ATAP has assigned runway. (See image on page 9) members work collaboratively to discuss and review been enabled at the following locations: surface safety initiatives established by the group • ATL Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International, GA After analyzing data on runway excursions and and through the safety risk management process. considering their cost to lives and property, we made All initiatives are documented for accountability in • BDL Bradley International, CT the case for installing Engineered Material Arresting the Surface Safety Initiatives Tracking Document. • BOS Logan International, MA System (EMAS) at 115 runway ends at 68 airports, • BWI Baltimore/Washington International, MD with plans for more. EMAS stops aircraft that have Regional Runway Safety Plans (RRSP) • CLT Charlotte Douglas International, NC gone off the end of the runway, greatly reducing the Similar to the NRSP, RRSPs, one for each of the nine risk to the aircraft and the people inside. regions, provide a roadmap with emphasis on regional • DFW Dallas/Fort Worth International, TX efforts in support of the NRSP initiatives. RRSP action • DTW Detroit Metro Airport, MI We also installed Runway Status Lights (RWSL) at 20 items are developed locally at quarterly Regional • FLL Ft. Lauderdale-Hollywood International, FL airports nationwide. RWSL provide an effective visual Runway Safety Team (RRST) meetings. These indication of an occupied runway or taxiway directly to action items are then approved at quarterly Regional • IAH George Bush Intercontinental, TX pilots and vehicle drivers, letting them know it is unsafe Governance Council meetings. Once approved, the • LAX Los Angeles International, CA to proceed, and greatly reducing the risk of collision. RRSP is updated in the NRSP. Click on the links below • MCO Orlando International, FL to view the regional plans: • MSP Minneapolis-Saint Paul International, MN Over the next years, the focus will be on implementing technology solutions specifically targeting the 475 • ORD O’Hare International, IL ANE New England ASW Southwest towered airports that currently have no surface • PHL Philadelphia International, PA surveillance system. The goal of this “right site-right AEA Eastern ANM Northwest Mountain • SAN San Diego International, CA size” approach is to deploy lower-cost surface safety In this image, the approaching aircraft is lined up • SDF Louisville International, KY capabilities intended for smaller airports. The gain is, ASO Southern AWP Western Pacific with Taxiway E. ATAP alerted the aircraft inside • SEA Seattle-Tacoma International, WA the systems are affordable because safety benefits half-mile final. Local control issued go-around AGL Great Lakes AAL Alaskan are not outweighed by hefty price tags. In addition, • STL St. Louis Lambert International, MO instructions and re-squenced the aircraft. the Runway Safety Group will continue to promote ACE Central runway safety enhancement initiatives that leverage 10 2018-2020 National Runway Safety Plan Strategic Objectives 2018-2020 National Runway Safety Plan Strategic Objectives 11 How We Are Collaborating

What is our Safety Are existing Determine a Share Performance? barriers adequate? fix and a plan. information.

Runway Safety Council Executive Steering

SAFETY ASSURANCE: Runway Incursion Analysis Team Surface Risk Analysis Process

SAFETY RISK MANAGEMENT: Surface Safety Group 3. Safety Policy Data Analysis Team CHANGES SAFETY POLICY: Surface Safety Initiative Team N ot Comprehensive Airport fi ed xed Fix Review and Assessment Objective: Establish and maintain policies and procedures to ensure adequate resources are available to accomplish the SAFETY PROMOTION: FAA’s near-term and strategic objectives. Communication and Outreach Team We are currently formalizing our process of involving based decision making and data management Dissemination Strategy stakeholders to enhance runway safety. Runway that defines stakeholders and their roles, safety stakeholders include airports, the aviation responsibilities, and expectations in managing industry, and the FAA’s airports, safety and air traffic runway safety risks. Within this process, each team lines of business. They currently meet as the Runway works independently but in distinct steps that easily Safety Council to discuss policy and mitigation, but move programs and initiatives to completion. this process needs to be formalized in an updated FAA Order 7050.1. This is the process that was used to modify ASDE-X MILESTONE to mitigate the risk of wrong surface operations. A formalized process will establish the RSC as the After RSM data collection identified wrong surface main vehicle to initiate the process of reviewing runway operations as a driver of significant risk in the The Runway Safety Group will begin supporting investment decisionmaking safety performance. These reviews will determine if system for FY 2018, SRM developed Taxiway Arrival 2020 in FY21 through a six-step process that reviews risks and monitors the existing safety barriers are effective, and if not, initiate Prediction (ATAP) in ASDE-X. effectiveness of mitigation. This activity is carrying over to FY2021. teams to develop the implementation of the Runway Safety Enhancement Initiatives to mitigate that risk. The ASDE-X ATAP modification is in use today. It demonstrates that RSEIs are properly aligned with Our process is data-driven, policy-focused risk- SMS principles. 12 2018-2020 National Runway Safety Plan Strategic Objectives 2018-2020 National Runway Safety Plan Strategic Objectives 13

Current and Past Project Status Image 2 RUNWAY SAFETY AREA (RSA) AND ENGINEERED MATERIAL ARRESTING SYSTEM (EMAS) Benefits of EMAS technology: Reduces the Severity of Runway Excursions

The EMAS technology improves safety benefits in cases where land is not available, or not possible to have the standard 1,000-foot overrun. A standard EMAS installation can stop an aircraft from overrunning the runway at approximately 80 miles per hour. An EMAS arrestor bed can be installed, even if less than a standard RSA length is available.

Engineered Materials means high-energy absorbing materials of selected strength, which will reliably and predictably deform under the weight of an aircraft.

SAFETY SAFETY RISK SAFETY SAFETY Image 1 ASSURANCE MANAGEMENT POLICY PROMOTION Event: Hollywood Event: Mitigations were Event: EMAS installa- Event: Order for Burbank Airport, CA: put in place with EMAS tion successfully mit- standard EMAS Southwest Airlines at this airport and igates runway safety installation Image 1: Image 2: Flight 1455, year 2000. others, as a result to risk issue. communicated After EMAS was installed, a Citation overran the On March 5, 2000, Southwest flight 1455, a Boeing In this accident, the this accident. throughout the NAS. same runway, and came to a safe stop within the 737, overran a runway at Burbank-- Glendale Action: Order put in aircraft overran the airport. Pasadena Airport in Burbank, California, and into Action: EMAS stops place on installation of Action: Promotion on runway during landing, a gas station. Photo credit: FAA stopping at a nearby aircraft that have EMAS the planning, design, gas station. Major overrun the runway, installation, and Photo credit: NTSB property damage/ reducing risk to maintenance of EMAS two people seriously property and people. in runway safety areas injured. See Image 1 on (RSA). See Image 2 on page 13 page 13

Action: Accident investigation and after-action recommendations. The FAA continues to work on runway safety Runway Incursion Prevention Shortfall Analysis technologies from proof of concept, through research (RIPSA): RIPSA is aimed at reinforcing protection of the NEXT STEPS and development, and then acquisition. The agency RSA by using “direct to pilot” safety solutions capable of FAA national initiative known as the Runway Incursion Mitigation (RIM) program has identified risk factors is currently conducting tests of alternative lower providing localized detection capabilities for all aircraft or that might contribute to runway incursions and is developing strategies. cost airport surface detection technology and vehicles at runway incursion hotspot locations, such as the application of these technologies to improve hold short lines and runway intersections. The program is Runway Airport Surface Detection pilot, controller, and vehicle driver situational currently developing requirements for soliciting and procuring Incursions (RI) Equipment, Model X (ASDE-X) awareness. Some right site-right size initiatives under technologies for RIPSA test systems, that will be evaluated development are: over a period of 2-3 years. Status: Safety Risk Management Status: Safety Policy Small Airport Surveillance Sensor (SASS): SASS Category A, B, and C runway The ASDE-X taxiway landing is a low-cost secondary (beacon) surveillance system to incursions under assessment to alert enhancement mitigation provide improved controller situational awareness and identify enhancements to existing completed final testing in January mitigations to reduce A and B 2018. Runway Safety’s objective safety and efficiency at smaller towered airports. This significant events. is to enable the capability to all 35 technology alerts controllers of an occupied runway. ASDE-X airports by the end of Q3 Technology transfer to industry is targeted for 2020. FY2020. 14 2018-2020 National Runway Safety Plan Strategic Objectives 15

RIM Locations (Table 1) Runway Incursion THIS PROGRAM’S MANAGEMENT OF Fiscal years 2019 - 2020 HIGH-RISK AREAS UNDERSCORES Date Airport Name Code Rim Location Description Mitigation Type Mitigation (RIM) THE FAA’S MISSION TO PROVIDE THE Completed The Runway Incursion Mitigation (RIM) program SAFEST, MOST EFFICIENT AEROSPACE Miami International Airport, FL MIA RWY 9-27 / RWY T8 Intersection Taxiway/Runway Geometry Reconfiguration 8/16/2020 is built on more than ten years’ worth of runway Phoenix-Mesa-Gateway TWY V / TWY B / TWY K / RWY 12R SYSTEM IN THE WORLD. AZA Taxiway/Runway Geometry Reconfiguration 7/16/2020 incursion data. Over 12,500 runway incursions, and Airport, AZ Intersection Reno Tahoe International Intersection of TWY L & RWY 16L/34R and 7,500 non-standard runway/ taxiway intersections RNO Taxiway/Runway Geometry Reconfiguration 7/11/2020 Airport, NV TWY C & RWY 7/25 at more than 500 airports have been georeferenced hot spot. With FAA support, that airport addressed Chicago O’Hare International ORD TWY T / TWY SS / Approach Path RWY 9R Taxiway/Runway Geometry Reconfiguration 6/1/2020 and assessed by the FAA and incorporated into a geocodes including #6: Two runway thresholds Airport, IL Geographic Information System (GIS) Database that, in close proximity and #18: Unexpected holding Hartsfield Jackson Atlanta ATL RWY 8R – 26L / TWY C, D Intersections Operational/Procedural 5/29/2020 when applicable, associates incursions with non- position marking along a taxiway. After completing International Airport, GA standard geometry sites and known hot spots. Hartsfield Jackson Atlanta RWY 9L – 27R / TWY D the projects necessary to meet current standards, ATL Operational/Procedural 5/29/2020 the area’s hot spot was removed, and no runway International Airport, GA Intersection, south side The RIM Program made significant progress since incursions have occurred there since its mitigation. Orlando Executive Airport, FL ORL RWY 7 / TWY E4 Intersection Taxiway/Runway Geometry Reconfiguration 5/6/2020 launching in 2015. As of August 2020, 53RIM locations Its configuration before and after are pictured below. implemented site-specific enhancements including DeKalb Peachtree Airport, GA PDK RWY 3L / TWY A Intersection Signage, Marking, and/or Lighting 12/31/2019

taxiway reconfigurations and changes to lighting, DeKalb Peachtree Airport, GA PDK RWY 21R / TWY G Intersection Signage, Marking, and/or Lighting 12/31/2019 markings, and aircraft operations. Table 1 shows the Intersection of Taxiway L Taxiway/Runway Geometry Teterboro Airport, NJ TEB 11/22/2019 most recent mitigation projects completed in FY19 & Runway 6/24 Reconfiguration and FY20 to-date. Airport planners and designers Dallas Love Field Runway 13L ‐ 31R / Taxiway/Runway Geometry DAL 10/31/2019 rely on FAA’s RIM mitigation guidance materials and Airport, TX Taxiway B5 Intersection Reconfiguration support from FAA Regional program contacts. Manchester Hold short bars on TWYs P and U at Taxiway/Runway Geometry MHT 9/24/2019 Airport, NH intersection with approach end of RWY 35 Reconfiguration The array of completed mitigation projects at U.S. Fulton County Airport Taxiway/Runway Geometry FTY Intersection of RWY 8/26 and TWY K 9/1/2019 airports illustrate the success of taxiway design – Brown Field, GA Reconfiguration Taxiway/Runway Geometric Reconfiguration, element guidance paired with expertise and support Sarasota/Bradenton Intersections of Runways 4/22, SRQ Signage, Marking, and/or Lighting Change(s), 8/8/2019 International Airport, FL 14/32, and Taxiways A, B, C, and D from stakeholders. One airport, for instance, had Before After Technological Enhancements experienced 15 runway incursions between 2008 and Configuration Configuration Convergence of TWYs B, C, and D Smyrna Airport, TN MQY Signage, Marking, and/or Lighting 5/29/2019 2014 at a RIM location that was also a designated November 22, 2011 January, 2017 at the approach end of RWY 19 Phoenix Deer Valley Hold short bar at intersection of Taxiway/Runway Geometry DVT 5/7/2019 Airport, AZ TWY A4 and approach end of RWY 7L Reconfiguration Bowman Field Hold bar on TWY J at the LOU Signage, Markings, and/or Lighting 5/1/2019 21 U.S. Airport, KY intersection with RWY 6/24 Intersection of TWY C/B and Airports with Van Nuys Airport, CA VNY Signage, Marking, and/or Lighting 3/31/2019 approach end of RWY 16L one or more Taxiway/Runway Geometry Miami Executive Hold bar on TWY A at mitigated 1 TMB Reconfiguration; Signage, Marking, 3/29/2019 Airport, FL approach end of RWY 9L RIM locations and/or Lighting Change(s) Midland International Air and Hold bar on TWY A at Taxiway/Runway Geometry (Fiscal years MAF 1/1/2019 Space Port Airport, TX approach end of RWY 10 Reconfiguration 2019 - 2020) 1 1 Miami International Intersection of RWY Taxiway/Runway Geometry Reconfiguration; 1 MIA 11/16/2018 Airport, FL 8R/26L and TWY M5 Signage, Marking, and/or Lighting 2 Number of Orlando Sanford Hold short bar on RWY Taxiway/Runway Geometry SFB 10/15/2018 mitigated 1 International Airport, FL 18/36 south of RWY 9R Reconfiguration RIM Orlando Sanford TWY R under approach Taxiway/Runway Geometry 1 SFB 10/15/2018 locations 2 International Airport, FL path for RWY 9R Reconfiguration Long Beach Airport Intersection of Approach end of Taxiway/Runway Geometry by state 5 LGB 10/11/2018 (Daugherty Field), CA RWY 26L and TWYs D and F Reconfiguration 2

All towered airports are evaluated each year to monitor changes or mitigations at 7 known non-standard geometry locations and to identify new areas in need of mitigation.

LEARN MORE AT THE RIM WEBSITE. 16 2018-2020 National Runway Safety Plan Strategic Objectives 2018-2020 National Runway Safety Plan Strategic Objectives 17

Special Focus Runway Safety Action Team (SFRSAT) Meetings 4. Safety Promotion The purpose of the Special Focus Runway Safety Action Team (SFRSAT) meetings is to drive an engaging discussion on the factors that are contributing to wrong surface events at each airport, assess if current local mitigations are adequate, and develop recommendations and solutions. Safety professionals from all major OUTREACH AND EDUCATION airport interests are invited to attend, with presentations from the FAA Runway Safety Group, National Air Traffic Controllers Association (NATCA), and other safety advocates.

Objective: Relentlessly promote best practices, lessons The FY19 SFRSATs and action plans are all documented in the Special Focus Runway Safety Action learned, and actionable information obtained from data Team Report. This report was updated in July 2020. The FY20 SFRSATs will be documented in a similar report. analysis to our global runway safety stakeholders.

A crucial step in runway safety mitigation efforts is for stakeholders to discuss what is being done. Communication connects data MILESTONES analysis to policy and policy to stakeholders, which include The interactive Runway Safety Pilot pilots and air traffic controllers. Simulator website is continuously updated PWK RNO Chicago Enhanced safety requires effective with new animations and videos that Reno-Tahoe Executive, IL communication to those most provide unique technical training to pilots International, NV APA 2020 Centennial, CO affected by surface events. at beginner, medium and advanced levels. The latest video is the third release of a A campaign about the taxiway three-part animated series titled “The alert system is following the Anatomy of Wrong Surface Event”. strategy of how Runway Safety PDK IWA DeKalb-Peachtree, GA promotes safety initiatives and CLICK HERE TO OPEN THE RUNWAY Phoenix-Mesa Gateway, AZ FTW changes. We use multiple outreach SAFETY PILOT SIMULATOR Fort Worth Meacham International, TX methods, such as audiovisual FXE training productions, exhibitions at HOU Fort Lauderdale The Runway Safety Action Team (RSAT) Executive, FL Communicating for Safety (CFS), William P. Tool is a resources hub to improve the Hobby, TX and participation at Oshkosh. HWO effectiveness of RSATs by providing an North Perry, FL interactive search tool for national runway The Runway Safety Program safety related events. Runway Safety aims works relentlessly to promote COMMUNICATION & Completed FY20 SFRSAT to complete the 4-year history and FY20 changes made nationally to runway PROMOTION: events in September 2020. safety performance measures.  We have also focused strategic communication products to The Runway Safety group is working closely Runway Safety and FAASTeam team up The Runway Safety Group is conducting provide local runway information with the Flight Standards liaison on improving to promote aviation safety through the and guidance obtained from data an ongoing collaboration with the FAA outreach and promotional efforts through Safety Program Airmen Notification System analysis. Office of Communications to produce a different channels. A recent example of this (SPANS), FAAST Blast email updates, as well 2020 series of airport-specific surface safety collaboration is the introduction of the Runway as other methods of mass communication to Promotional activities and videos for local pilots titled “From the Safety Pilot Simulator as an official FAASTEAM improve the level of runway safety products that examine problems at Flight Deck”. Currently, more than 20 WINGS course, a proficiency program that awareness and enable our specific airports have proven to be videos are available on the FAA website, allows pilots to earn credits while improving their surface safety mission. effective in the promotion of local and several videos are currently under aviation skills and knowledge through a number This is an ongoing effort issues. These products provide development. of initiatives. and collaboration. broad-level instructional tools to CLICK HERE TO WATCH THE frontline audiences such as pilots, “FROM THE FLIGHT DECK” VIDEOS controllers, and vehicle drivers. 18 2018-2020 National Runway Safety Plan Strategic Objectives 2018-2020 National Runway Safety Plan Strategic Objectives 19

As an international leader in runway safety efforts, the FAA Runway Safety FAA has a responsibility to the global aviation community to share safety initiatives and lessons learned International In 2018, international Global Outreach to reduce runway safety risk around the world. delegations visited As the world’s economies Leadership Key partners in this international strategy include the Baltimore- continue to globalize, so too ICAO, the Civil Air Navigation Services Organization Washington International does the aviation industry. (CANSO), the International Air Transport Association, International Delegations Airport (BWI) air

AirportsNORWAY Council International (ACI), and foreign Sharing runway safety knowledge with traffic control regulators. Air traffic data reflects that the fastest growing the international aviation community tower equipment segment of air traffic is international. As foreign pilots room to observe In FY 2018, the FAA Runway Safety Group hosted are increasingly flying into the United States and runway status lights international delegations from Trinidad and Tobago, national pilots fly into foreign operating systems, the Montenegro, and Spain. During their visit, the features. FAA’s Runway Safety strategy is to reduce confusion members of each delegation observed Runway and risk in the international system by working with Safety Program initiatives at Washington Dulles, foreign and multinational partners to harmonize Washington National, and Baltimore International airports. The delegations were also invited to attend procedures and ensure interoperability. the Runway Safety Council Meeting #37.

UN WORLD FOOD PROGRAM Supporting runway safety in humanitarian air operations ICAO GLOBAL RUNWAY SAFETY SUMMIT As the international humanitarian relief community continues to grow, the FAA has identified the importance Working to reduce runway of providing technical expertise to support the United excursions and runway Nations World Food Program Global Aviation Safety incursions at a global level Runway Safety International Conference, which addresses the unique aviation safety Workshops Delegations challenges related to the provision of emergency relief The ICAO Runway Safety Program (RSP) Partners Visiting FAA efforts. established a Runway Safety Action Plan Working Group Countries with representatives (RSAP-WG) which was co-chaired by FAA Runway that have attended FAA List of International Delegations As the largest contributor to the World Food Program Safety Program. The working group aims to review RSP (WFP) budget, it is important for the United States to be achievements, objectives and priorities, and develop the Runway Safety Workshops. that have visited a FAA Runway effective in delivering critical safety recommendations ICAO Global Runway Safety Action Plan. Safety Council Meeting, as • Benin • Niger and enhancements to the WFP aviation safety community. • Botswana • Nigeria well as IAD, DCA, and/or The WFP cannot accomplish their mission unless they are A core component of the RSAP-WG was the FAA Runway • Cote • Rwanda BWI airports to observe FAA able to provide aid in times of national disaster or conflict. Safety Metric methodology. This plan was unveiled at the d’Ivoire • Senegal ASDE-X, Runway Status Lights, The FAA Runway Safety Program strives to support Second Global Runway Safety Symposium in Lima, Peru, aviation operations, such as safe planning and departing in November 2017. • Democratic • Sierra and EMAS technology. Republic Leone ICAO Runway from remote and primitive runway conditions, in order to Through a review and analysis of runway safety occurrence of Congo • South Africa • Israel • Slovenia Safety Go Team accomplish this critical humanitarian path. data and risk analysis, the RSAP-WG identified runway • Ethiopia • Tanzania • Macedonia • Spain • Israel The FAA also participated in the 9th Global Humanitarian excursions and runway incursions as the main high risk • Ghana • Togo • Montenegro • Trinidad • Kyrgyzstan Aviation Conference & Exhibition in Lisbon, Portugal, in occurrence categories. This Global Runway Safety Action • Liberia • Uganda • Russia • Tobago • Montenegro October 2017, where the Runway Safety Group presented Plan provides recommended actions for all runway safety • Namibia • Zambia • Serbia • Turkey • Panama risk reduction safety enhancements during takeoff and stakeholders, with the aim of reducing the global rate of landing. runway excursions and runway incursions. 20 2018-2020 National Runway Safety Plan Strategic Objectives 2018-2020 National Runway Safety Plan Strategic Objectives 21

Safety Promotion: Outreach and Education Publish and promote the Runway Safety Pilot Simulator: The interactive Pilot Simulator scenarios tool was released to provide unique technical training to pilots at beginner, medium and advanced levels. It will be promoted among all organizations  and updated semi-annually. For more information, see the RUNWAY SAFETY PILOT SIMULATOR. Enhance Runway Safety Action Team effectiveness: The Runway Safety Action Team (RSAT) Tool is designed as a resources hub to improve the effectiveness of RSATs by providing an interactive search tool for national runway safety related events. Safety Assurance: SFRSAT: The Runway Safety Group completed all Special Focus Runway Safety Data Monitoring and Analysis Action Team (SFRSAT) meetings from FY19. Due to the impact of the COVID-19 Validation of the Surface Safety Metric: The Surface Safety Metric was approved as pandemic, several FY20 SFRSATs were conducted as virtual meetings. The an FAA safety performance measure purpose of these meetings is to drive an engaging discussion on the factors Publication of the Surface Safety Metric as the FAA’s official public reporting that are contributing to wrong surface events at each airport, assess if current  benchmark: By including various types of surface accidents and incidents, the local mitigations are adequate, and develop recommendations and solutions. Surface Safety Risk Metric provides a better picture of the NAS by weighting accidents Safety professionals from all major airport interests are invited to attend, and incidents based on their closeness to fatal accidents and not by simply counting with presentations from the FAA Runway Safety Group, National Air Traffic occurrences. This metric directly benefits the flying public as it represents the Controllers Association (NATCA), and other safety advocates. potential for fatal accidents on runways and taxiways in the airport surface operations Development of an interactive search tool for safety related events: The environment. Runway Safety Action Team (RSAT) Tool is a resources hub to improve the Data Analysis on wrong surface events: After conducting data analysis on effectiveness of RSATs by providing an interactive search tool for national wrong surface events, the Runway Safety Group identified 9 airports across runway safety related events. Runway Safety aims to complete the 4-year the country with high risk of runway excursions and collisions. During FY20, history and FY20 events in September 2020. the RSG conducted Special Focus RSAT meetings at the identified airports to discuss mitigation strategies and to develop a plan of action. Most of these meetings were conducted virtually due to COVID-19 pandemic travel Safety Risk Management: restrictions. See the Safety Promotion section for more information and a list Mitigation Plan and Development of the SFRSAT airports. Achieve all goals described as Runway Safety Initiatives: Our objective is to take steps to continuously achieve all initiatives established within the 2020 time frame and beyond. In the spirit of continuing forward, all initiatives are documented for Safety Policy:  accountability in the SURFACE SAFETY GROUP (SSG) INITIATIVES TRACKING Changes DOCUMENT (See attachments pane for the document). Identify key components of a risk-based runway safety policy: Through it’s risk- based approach, the Runway Safety Group successfully identified that wrong surface events have runway safety collision risks, which will allow the FAA to apply risk severity  ratings to these events, incorporating them into the runway incursion categorization process. Adding wrong surface events to this categorization process will allow the FAA to generate a more appropriate RSM weight for each one of these events, and include them in overall trend analysis of runway safety within the NAS. For more information, see the RUNWAY SAFETY METRIC DOCUMENT. Work with stakeholders to draft policy changes: Runway Safety developed an analysis framework that provides the program the data and evidence needed to support investment decision making through a 6-step process that reviews risks and monitors the effectiveness of mitigations. For More Information:

JAMES FEE Safety and Technical Training, Runway Safety Group Manager Federal Aviation Administration, Air Traffic Organization 202-267-4572 | [email protected] 800 Independence Avenue, SW Washington, DC 20591 Published by ATO Safety and Technical Training