Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-84606-6 - The Cambridge Companion to the Actress Edited by Maggie B. Gale and John Stokes Index More information INDEX accents, middle class, 129 Adler, Stella, and Red Channels, 138 changes in, 130 African-American actresses Achurch, Janet, and new drama, 261, Harlem Renaissance, 217–18 262 typecasting, 215 actor-managers Agate, May lack of female parts, 157–8, 168 Bernhardt’s death scenes, 258 role of, 159 Bernhardt’s use of technique, 260, Actors’ Association, 96 261 reconstituted as union, 96 Agboluaje, Dipo, and Brecht’s Mother actors’ union, need for, 96 Courage, 221 actress, use of term, 11, 17 Aide,´ Hamilton, 61 actress managers, 7, 170 Alboni, 64 commercial success of, 161 Alexander, George, appeal for male students critical reaction to, 167–9 at RADA, 101 domination of Spanish stage, 276 Alexander, Helen, on casting established stars, 184 Shakespeare, 317 family relationships, 162–4 Almodovar,´ Pedro, 275 social and professional stigma, 158 American actresses, employed as leads, 203 staging of plays with strong women American Civil Rights movement, 143 characters, 168 Anderson, Mary actresses memoirs, 181 earnings compared with men, 24 motives for writing, 183 as fallen women, 3 photographs of, 88 commodities of exchange, 254 Andreini, Isabella, 1 redemption through celebrity status, Angelou, Maya 253–4 American Civil Rights movement, 143–4 similarity with own life, 253 biography, 149 improved social status of, 42–4 Angier, L’Aventuriere` , 254 involved in production, 29 anti-semitism, and HUAC witch-hunts, 139 photographic requirements, 83 Appel, Libby, new perspectives on professional artists, 38 ‘masculine’ Shakespeare, 324 stars of 1940s and 1950s, 116 Arafat, Yasser, and Vanessa Redgrave, 148 suitable career for middle and upper-class Archer, William women, 102 on Bernhardt, 260 as virtuous wife and dedicated artist, 22–3 on Mrs Patrick Campbell, 264 Actresses Franchise League (A.F.L.), 5, 96, on Duse, 68 168 comparison with Bernhardt, 70 Adams, Annie, cross-dressing, 241 production of Hedda Gabler, 160 330 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-84606-6 - The Cambridge Companion to the Actress Edited by Maggie B. Gale and John Stokes Index More information index Arnold, Matthew Backus, Georgia, and HUAC, 140 comparison of Bernhardt and Rachel Baird, Dorothea, postcards of, 90 Felix,´ 66 Baker, Josephine, 218 and English national theatre, 66 erotic appeal of, 224 Arts Council of England Cultural Diversity Balcon, Michael, Woman to Woman, 203 initiatives, 221 Balfour, Betty, 8 Arzner, Dorothy, Sarah and Son, 209 stardom and social class, 204–5 Ashcroft, Peggy, 4, 11, 130 and talkies, 207 approach to social contradiction as Hester Ball, Lucille, and HUAC, 140–1 Collyer, 128 Bancroft Gold Medal, 104 Central School training, 108 Bancroft, Marie, 159, 161 English containment versus passion, 121–2 theatre management, 164, 167, 168–9 on Hedda Gabler, 128 Barber, Frances politics, 136 in Camille, as Marguerite, 261 Ashwell, Lena, 7, 161, 169, 170, 181 and tragedy heroines, 320 letters and diaries in memoirs, 180 Barbor, H.R., 97 management ambitions, 166 Barker, Harley Granville, marriage to Lillah women’s suffrage, 168 McCarthy, 185 Aston, Anthony, 25 Barker, Kathleen, 163 Aston, Elaine, 10, 11, 127 Barnes, Kenneth Atkins, Eileen, teaching course, 108 marriage to Daphne Graham, 103 Augustine, and Charcot’s Salpetriˆ ere` RADA principal, 101, 108 clinic, 257–8 and received pronunciation, 106, autobiography, 8 129–30 celebrity, 185 Barrault, Jean-Louis, 85 claims to authenticity, 177 Barrett, Wilson, 62, 182 exploration of multiple selves, 184 Barrie, J.M., and Ruth Draper, 303 ghostwritten, 187 Barry, Elizabeth, 3, 158 increasing confidence in writing by women adoption into Davenant family, 25 in 19th century, 178 connection with Lord Rochester, 25–6 journals, diaries and letters as basis of, 178 independence, 26 exposure involved in use, 180–1 licence in new theatre, 28 motives for writing, 183 partnership with Bracegirdle, 27 personal, 183–4 satire against, 28–9 performance of authorship, 174 Bartlett, Neil, Camille, 261 public appetite for knowledge of private Bartolozzi, Lucia Elizabeth, see Madame lives, 175 Vestris opportunity for self-representation, 175, Basano, Alexander, 85 182 Bassnett, Susan, 23, 95 ratio of actresses to other female life on Eleonora Duse, 166 writing, 173 Bateman, Mrs, theatre management, 162 reflection on theatrical career, 181 Bates, Alan, 319 scandalous memoirists, 176–7 Beardsley, Aubrey, 182 testimonies to friendship, 186 on Mrs Patrick Campbell, 263 see also Lena Ashwell, Mrs Patrick Beau, Adolphe, photographic poses, 76–7, Campbell, Fanny Kemble, Helena 80–1 Modjeska, Elizabeth Robins, Ellen Beavers, Louise, Terry racial typecasting, 215, 224 and stereotypes, 223 Baartman, Saartje, the Hottentot Venus, Beck, Julian, The Living Theatre, 137 224 Behn, Aphra, 26 Bacall, Lauren, and the CFA, 138 Bejart,´ Madeleine, and Moliere,` 1 Backsheider, Paula, 20 Bell, Florence, letters from Henry James, 179 331 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-84606-6 - The Cambridge Companion to the Actress Edited by Maggie B. Gale and John Stokes Index More information index Bellamy, George Ann, autobiography, 177, lack of international recognition, 216 184 segregation, 218 Benavente, relationship with Guerrero, 280 and skin shade, 225 Benet i Jornet, Josep ER, 275 specialist theatre companies, 221–3 Benson, Frank, and drama schools, 100 in theatre 220, see also integrated casting Berlioz, Hector, 53 inequality with white counterparts, 229 Bernhardt, Sarah black immigrants to Britain, employment actress manager, 7, 159, 161, 164, 165–6, difficulties, 220 167 Black Mime Theatre, 221 L’Art du the´atreˆ , 260 Black Panther Party, 144 break with Comedie´ Franc¸aise, 52, 66 black performers, racial attacks on, 139 celebrity, 66 Black Power, 219 death scenes, 258–9 Black Theatre Co-operative (Nitro), 221 emotionalist school of acting, 259 Bloom, Claire, on Vivien Leigh, 126 eroticism, 10, 11 Bogart, Humphrey, and the CFA, 138 and female hysteric, 257 Bogle, Donald identification with character, 259 on Louise Beavers, 223 illegitimacy, 255 on black ‘divas’, 216 innovator, 167 Bonner, Marita, 218 international stardom, 55, 253, 267 Booth, Edwin, cartes de visites, 81 as Lady MacBeth, 64, 68 Booth, Michael, 159 as Marguerite Gautier, 253 role of actor-manager, 160, 164 memoirs, 184 boudoir prints, 86 notoriety in, 185 Bourne, Stephen, 220 pivotal career, 11 Bow, Clara role preferences, 260 sex appeal, 205 saintly sinner, 258 and talkies, 206 sexuality, 67 Bowen, Elizabeth, The Heat of the Day, tragic roles, 64 117 undermines playwright, 260 Bowlby, John, psychologist, 119 universal feminine, 261 Bracegirdle, Anne, 3 Berry, Cicely, and drama school teaching, 101 and licence in new theatre, 28 on voice work, 321 partnership with Barry, 27 Berry, Halle, 8 respectability, 26–7 difficulty in white-centred Hollywood satirical gossip about, 28–9 system, 216 Brahms, Caryl, on Yvonne Mitchell, 124 Oscar dedication, 228 Brand, Jo, 9 significance for black actresses, 215 Brande, Thomas, 18 role of Leticia Musgrove, 228 Bratton, Jacky Best, Eve on autobiographies, 175 drama school, 95, 110 cross-dressing, 9 need for agent, 109–10 on Fanny Kelly, 295 Betterton, Mary, 3, 21, 22 breeches roles, 35 teacher, 23–4, 25 Breuer, Studies on Hysteria, 262 see also Sanderson Brewer, John, 43 Betterton, Thomas, and players’ Brewster, Yvonne, 323 co-operative, 27 Brief Encounter, 116–17 Biberman, Herbert, and HUAC, 140 post-war reconstruction of past, 118 Billington, Michael, on Peggy Ashcroft, 121 return to social marginality, 120 black actresses ‘British Blondes’, 242 biographies of, 217 British film actresses British black actresses criticism of, 203 and accent, 225 restraint, 203–4 332 © Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-84606-6 - The Cambridge Companion to the Actress Edited by Maggie B. Gale and John Stokes Index More information index and social class, 204–5 connection to hysteria, 264 and Mabel Poulton, 206–7 professional breakthrough, 265 voices, 206 Campbell, Stella, The Second Mrs Bronte,¨ Charlotte, Villette, 55 Tanqueray, 68 Brook, Peter Carlisle, Carol J., on John Faucit Saville, 162 staging of Ta main dans la mienne, 274 Carlyle, Jane Welsh, on autobiography, 176 Theatre of Cruelty, 147 Carme, Pamela (Boscowan), 103 Brown, Ivor, on The Deep Blue Sea, 119 Carroll, Madeleine, 8 Buchanan, Robert, The Black Domino, 264 arrival of sound, 209 Bundorf, Nathalie Canizares,˜ on bid for international stardom, 210 Guerrero, 281 film persona, 210–11 Burke, Edmund, Reflections on the Hitchcock films, 210, 211 Revolution in France, 38 intelligence, 209 Burmann, Siegfried, set design, 286 mixture of British upper-class femininity Burrows, Jon, 201, 203 and American stardom, 208–9 on American and British stardom, 203 use of magazine journalism, 209–10 on Hepworth, 201 Casares, Marıa,´ 285 Bush-Bailey, Gilli, 3 Casson, Lewis, 135 Bushell-Mingo, Josette, 221, 225, Council of British Equity, 136 227 celebrity Butler, Judith, 2, 11 in autobiography, 185, 186 on actress dressing as man, 235 and Bernhardt, 66 on vocational training, 110 and Mary Robinson, 39 Butts, Alfred, on Vesta Tilley, 246 Centlivre, Susannah, 28, 36 Byron, Joseph, flash photography, 89 Central School of Speech and Drama (CSSD) and Judi Dench, 108 cabinet photographs, 85–6 majority of female students, 95 Cadell,