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As Influências De Seymour Lubetzky Na Catalogação Descritiva No Século XXI

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As Influências De Seymour Lubetzky Na Catalogação Descritiva No Século XXI As influências de Seymour Lubetzky na catalogação descritiva no século XXI Alessandra Atti Mestranda em Ciência da Informação na Universidade de São Paulo [email protected] Dr. José Fernando Modesto da Silva Professor na Universidade de São Paulo [email protected] Introdução » A necessidade de desenvolver novas ferramentas para a área de catalogação foi discutida nos Princípios de Paris (1961), que teve como propósito servir de base para uma normalização internacional. » Em 2009, considerando os avanços tecnológicos do século XXI, uma nova declaração foi desenvolvida e seu primeiro princípio é servir a conveniência do usuário. » Construída sobre as grandes tradições catalográficas do mundo, bem como sobre o FRBR. 2 » No Brasil parece haver uma certa distância entre teoria e prática. » Ao buscar formas inovadoras na catalogação e catálogos baseados nos modelos conceituais, deparou-se com uma figura histórica: Seymour Lubetzky » Parece haver certa sintonia entre as crenças de Lubetzky e os avanços da catalogação no século XXI 3 Seymour Lubetzky 28/04/1898 – 5/04/2003 Nasceu na Bielorrússia. Foi professor antes imigrar para os Estados Unidos. Trabalhou de 1943-1960 Library of Congress. Foi professor de catalogação na University of California (UCLA). Era fluente em seis idiomas, fato que agregou valor ao seu trabalho como catalogador e palestrante em conferências em bibliotecas. Durante sua carreira de sessenta anos como escritor, escreveu três grandes obras: Regras e Princípios de Catalogação, Código de Regras de Catalogação e Princípios de Catalogação e resenhas de livros. 4 Seymour Lubetzky » Uma das influências mais significativas da área da catalogação. » Seus estudos foram utilizados como base nas discussões que resultaram nos Princípios de Paris (1961). » Acreditava ser necessário transformar a catalogação de uma “empresa caseira” para uma “indústria internacional”. Foto: Cecília Bastos Cecília Foto: 5 Seymour Lubetzky Encontrar Identificar Selecionar Obter » Defendia padrões de catalogação verdadeiramente Navegar internacionais e regras catalográficas baseadas em princípios norteadores de catálogos orientados aos LDR : ; -- 00000cam 22 a 4500 » Nossas regras dizem ao p. [ ] il. » catalogador o que, quando e como fazer, » mas não o porquê. » Santidade da página de rosto: um cânone entrincheirado da catalogação bibliográfica. 6 Seymour Lubetzky » Chamava a atenção para o caráter catequético dos códigos de catalogação, esses deveriam ser precedidos de uma introdução que explicasse o propósito de um catálogo e os problemas envolvidos na construção dele para alcançar este propósito. » Questionava como a catalogação era feita e quais resultados eram alcançados. » Lançou as bases para o que acontece agora diante de novos códigos de catalogação. 7 Seymour Lubetzky x Modelos Conceituais SIMIONATO, 2011 » Lubetzky desenvolveu uma teoria de catalogação baseada no conceito de obra. » Parece haver certa sintonia entre as crenças de Lubetzky e os modelos conceituais, que pretendem organizar a informação com foco na busca do usuário. 8 Seymour Lubetzky x Modelos Conceituais » Essa aproximação de Lubetzky com os avanços da catalogação no século XXI não é clara, devido a escassez de literatura sobre o tema. » Os modelos conceituais são recentes e pouco explorados, principalmente no Brasil. 9 Objetivo » Este estudo tem por fundamento as ideias de Seymour Lubetzky e, a partir delas, construir um arcabouço teórico que permita compreender como elas influenciaram e influenciam o desenvolvimento da catalogação, bem como democratizam o uso e o acesso às coleções da biblioteca, para a produção e a circulação do conhecimento e a ampliação das práticas sociais de informação. 10 Método » Estudo exploratório bibliográfico e documental, tendo como temas: » história da catalogação, » inovações tecnológicas em bibliotecas, » modelos conceituais FRBR e LRM, » ideais de Seymour Lubetzky. 1922 1839 1967 1971 1998 2017 Código da 91 Regras de AACR ISBD FRBR LRM Panizzi Vaticana 1908 1961 1968 1978 2010 Código da Princípios de Projeto MARC AACR2 RDA Toolkit ALA Paris 11 Resultados parciais » A aplicação dos modelos conceituais amplia e estende a visão do processo de construção dos catálogos bibliográficos e de autoridade. » Lubetzky dizia que a tecnologia é apenas um meio para alcançar uma finalidade. » Na atualidade é importante manter os objetivos da catalogação na vanguarda do trabalho do bibliotecário, tanto para o cumprimento das tarefas dos usuários, como para permitir relação de registros bibliográficos. 12 Resultados parciais » Ao seguir o percurso de Lubetzky, este estudo intenta oferecer subsídios teóricos que contribuam com desenvolvedores de softwares para bibliotecas e catalogadores. » Assim, também se reconhece o legado de Lubetzky que remete aos princípios e objetivos fundamentais dos catálogos. 13 Considerações » Revisitar Lubetzky é entender o quanto suas ideias permanecem fundamentais para o desenvolvimento dos catálogos. » É também oferecer subsídios teóricos aos catalogadores, aproximando-os da apropriação de terminologias e inovações. » É defender a pertinência da função de catalogação, bem como da própria profissão. 14 A catalogação é um elo indispensável na transmissão, integração e exploração dos registros da civilização humana. É o centro de todas as operações e serviços e para toda a missão da biblioteca. E deve ser mantida em condições ideais - ideológica, metodológica e tecnologicamente - para servir bem a biblioteca no século XXI. Lubetzky, 1998 15 Referências DENTON, William. FRBR and the History of Cataloging. In: TAYLOR, A. G. Understanding FRBR: what it is and how it will affect our retrieval tools. USA: Libraries Unlimited, 2007. IFLA. Cataloguing Principles: Statement of International Cataloguing Principles (ICP) and its Glossary. München: K.G. Saur, 2009. LUBETZKY, Seymour; SVENONIUS, Elaine; MCGARRY , Dorothy. Seymour Lubetzky : writings on the classical art of cataloging. Englewood : Libraries Unlimited, 2001. RIVA, Pat. Introducing the Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records and Related. Bulletinof the American Societyfor Information Science and Technology, agu./sep.2007. TILLETT, Barbara B. Seymour Lubetzky's Legacy for Cataloging Rules. In: American Library Association. Tribute to Seymour Lubetzky Held During Midwinter in San Diego, 2007. Disponível em: http://www.ala.org/alcts/ano/v15/n1/ano15n1_evts_lubetzkyrec. Acesso em: 21 jan. 2019. YEE, Martha M. Remarks on how far ahead of current practice Lubetzky's thinking was In: American Library Association. Tribute to Seymour Lubetzky Held During Midwinter in San Diego, 2007. Disponível em: http://www.ala.org/alcts/ano/v15/n1/ano15n1_evts_lubetzkyrec. Acesso em: 21 jan. 2019. 16 Questões? Alessandra Atti PPGCI – ECA – USP [email protected] .
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