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09-01198Ha Bacardi Buildings Final Designation Report.Pdf The Bacardi Buildings 2100 Biscayne Boulevard Designation Report Tower – 1963 Annex – 1973 October 6, 2009 Historic and Environmental Preservation Board City of Miami The Bacardi Buildings 2100 Biscayne Boulevard Designation Report Bacardi Buildings, 2100 Biscayne Boulevard Page 2 The Bacardi Buildings 2100 Biscayne Boulevard Designation Report Table of Contents I. General Information 2 II. Significance 6 III. Historical Information 7 IV. Architectural Information 11 V. Relationship to Criteria for Designation 19 VI. Planning Context 20 VII. Bibliography 21 VIII. Photos 23 Page 3 The Bacardi Buildings 2100 Biscayne Boulevard Designation Report I. General Information Historic and Current Name: Bacardi Imports USA, Inc. Dates of Construction: Tower 1963 The Annex 1973 Architect - Tower Building, 1963 Enrique Gutiérrez, SACMAG International (Puerto Rico) Tile Design (Tower) Francisco Brennand (Recife, Brazil) Builder (Tower) Frank J. Rooney, Inc. (Miami, FL) Architect - Annex Building, 1973 Ignacio Carrera-Justiz (Coral Gables, FL) Stained Glass (Annex) Manufactured by Gabriel and Jacques Loire (Chartres, France) after a painting by German artist Johannes Dietz Builder (Annex) Unknown Location: 2100 Biscayne Boulevard Miami, Florida Present Owner: Bacardi Imports, Inc. 2100 Biscayne Boulevard Miami, Florida 33137 Present Use: Office Page 4 The Bacardi Buildings 2100 Biscayne Boulevard Designation Report General Boundary All of the lots comprising Block 1 of the Bayonne Subdivision ( Plat Book 2, Page 35) generally described as NE 21st Street on the south; Alley separating the Edgewater subdivision from the Bayonne Subdivision( essentially mid block) on the north; Biscayne Boulevard on the east, and NE 2nd Avenue on the west. Folio Nos. 01-3230-031-0040 01-3230-031-0050 01-3230-031-0060 01-3230-031-0070 01-3230-031-0080 01-3230-031-0090 Legal Description (includes six folios, reading east to west) Folio # 01-3230-031-00040 The west 30 feet of Lot 7 and Lot 8, Block 1; Lot 9 block 1 and property interior in and to common elements not dedicated to public lot size 184.000 x 100; Folio # 01-3230-031-0050 Lot 9 Block 1 and prop interior in and to common elements not dedicated to public lot size 12880 square feet; Folio #01-3230-031-0060 Lot10 Block 1 and property interior in and to common elements not dedicated to public lot size 12880 square feet; Folio #01-3230-031-0070 Lot 11 Block 1 and property interior in and to common elements not dedicated to public lot size 70.000 x 184; Folio #01-3230-031-0080 Lot 12 & east 30 feet Lot 13 block 1 and property interior in and to common elements not dedicated to public lot size 100.000 x 184; Folio #01-3230-031-0090 Lot 14 & west 40 feet Lot 13 block 1 and property interior in and to common elements not dedicated to public lot size in the Bayonne Subdivision, and property interest and to common elements not dedicated to the public Lot size, 184.000 x 100 as recorded in Plat Book 2 at Page 35 of the Public Records of Miami-Dade County, Florida. Setting The buildings are located on the west side of Biscayne Boulevard, at the northwest corner of Biscayne Boulevard and NE 21st Street. Integrity The exterior of the buildings possess a high degree of integrity; minor alterations (such as the addition of shutters on the glass pedestal) are easily removable. Page 5 The Bacardi Buildings 2100 Biscayne Boulevard Designation Report II. Significance Statement of Significance Although relatively young to the cityscape of South Florida, the Bacardi Building Complex‘s presence along Biscayne Boulevard has become a de facto landmark and a must-see part of many a visitor‘s itinerary. The structures are outstanding examples of International Style modernist architecture, and relate to Latin American modernist architecture in their use of materials and in their stylistic considerations. The Bacardi Corporation has long understood the relationship between architecture and corporate image building, and has established a reputation for commissioning buildings expressing contemporary values. The company employed internationally-renowned architects such as Ludwig Mies van der Rohe1 and Felix Candela2 to design structures in locations such as Cuba and Mexico. The company also commissioned the work of Cuban architects. The firm of Saenz, Cancio, Martin, Gutierrez (SACMAG) was part of the architectural team for many of Bacardi‘s buildings as structural engineers, and as designers. Patronage of the arts was also part of the Bacardi tradition. Leaders of the company understood the concept of ―synthesis of the arts‖ whereby architecture would be designed with visual art and interior design components in mind, creating a unified design ideal. The Bacardi building in Miami is an outstanding example of this concept, popular in Latin American modernism, put into practice. The Bacardi Building Complex is not only a testament to the creativity of the architect and designers; it also represents a pivotal chapter in the rise of a multi- national corporation with significant ties to the City of Miami‘s history. When the Castro3 government seized the assets (estimated to be worth over $76 million) of Bacardi y Compañia, S.A. (Santiago de Cuba) in October of 1960, the company was able to reposition itself as a multi-national corporation by strengthening its production in Latin America and the Caribbean. The relocation of the sales and marketing corporation, Bacardi Imports, from New York to Miami in 1964 was a symbolic move that further internationalized the brand. More importantly, the move also sent a strong political message to the exiled community of Miami, and the international community at-large, of the corporations‘ triumph over adversity. 1 Mies Van der Rohe (1886-1969) along with Walter Gropius and Le Corbusier is considered a pioneer of contemporary architecture. Mies was the Director of architecture for the Bauhaus School, before he immigrated to Chicago. Some of Mies‘ most important buildings include the 1951 Farnsworth House (a one room steel and glass house just outside Chicago), and the 1958 Seagram Building in New York, New York. 2 Felix Candela was a Spanish-born architect and structural engineer. He emigrated to Mexico in 1949 and was a highly influential figure in modernist architecture. He pioneered many techniques using thin-shell reinforced concrete creating structures considered feats of engineering in their elasticity. 3 Fidel Castro (a.k.a. Fidel Castro Ruz) spearheaded the Cuban Revolution when he led a group of armed rebels implemented a series of guerrilla tactics within the Sierra Maestra mountains as part of the M-26-7 (Movimiento 26 de Julio) to overthrow Cuban president Fulgencio Batista. On January 1, 1959, Castro was officially declared president and installed a socialist dictatorship in Cuba that continues today. Castro officially resigned as president of Cuba February 2008 and currently his brother Raul Castro serves as the acting president. Page 6 The Bacardi Buildings 2100 Biscayne Boulevard Designation Report III. Historical Information The Founding of a Dynasty: The Bacardi Corporation History The Bacardi story is one of resilience and steadfast dedication. The company and the Bacardi name survived wars of independence, alcohol prohibition, and revolution. Miami‘s tower building, commissioned in 1962 for the new headquarters of Bacardi Imports, the year of the company‘s 100th anniversary, is evidence of the tenacity of its founders. The story of one of the largest privately held international corporations in the world had its humble beginnings in Santiago de Cuba4 when in 1862 Don Facundo Bacardi Masso purchased a distillery for 3,500 pesos. The fruit bats which filled the rafters of the distillery became the distinctive logo of the Bacardi Company, known the world over. Don Facundo perfected the formula for rum with an innovative charcoal-mellowing filtration technique and an aging technique for rum utilizing used bourbon barrels from the United States. After retiring, he left the company to his sons Emilio, Jose, and Facundo. The popularity of Bacardi rum and the new Cuba Libre5 cocktail ushered in an era of popularity and success for the corporation. Emilio Bacardi Moreau expanded the company to the United States and Spain. In 1915, the company opened a bottling company at 267 W. Broadway in New York and built a distillery in Santiago to replace the original which was completed in 1922. The inauguration of the distillery would be his last official act as president of the corporation. Emilio Bacardi died a few months later at age 78. This end of Bacardi‘s meteoric growth seemed certain when in 1919 Congress passed the Volstead Act, ushering in prohibition of alcohol consumption and production in the United States, which took effect in 1920. The Bacardi Corporation prepared for the worst. After Emilio Bacardi‘s death, Vice-president Enrique Schueg closed the new plant in New York and issued ―wet stock‖ in the company—one share of stock was worth one case of rum. 4 Santiago de Cuba, the nation‘s second largest city, is located on the south-eastern coast of the island of Cuba, some 450 miles from the capital city of Havana. The city was founded by the Spanish in 1514. 5 Many of the famous rum cocktails still popular today are illustrative of the relationship between the US and the island of Cuba. It was during the American occupation of Cuba following the Spanish-American war in 1898 that two of the most popular cocktails were created. The Cuba Libre (Bacardi Rum and Cola) is credited to a group American soldiers who named the beverage concoction in honor of the Cuban independence from Spain; and the Daiquiri, credited to an American mining engineer working in the small town of Daiquiri. Page 7 The Bacardi Buildings 2100 Biscayne Boulevard Designation Report Prohibition, the ―Roaring Twenties,‖ and the Rise of the Modern Tourist Class The ―Roaring Twenties‖ in America referred to the unbridled optimism and new freedoms experienced by America following World War I.
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