2009/10 Annual Progress Report Integrated Marine Observing System
for
National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy ‐ Capability 5.12
and
Education Investment Fund Super Science Initiative ‐ Marine and Climate
IMOS is supported by the Australian Government through the National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy and the Super Science Initiative. It is led by the University of Tasmania on behalf of the Australian marine & climate science community.
IMOS Annual Progress Report 2009/10 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 1 Executive summary 3 2 Description of activities: 2.1 Research infrastructure 4 2.2 Access and pricing 5 2.3 Performance indicators 5 2.4 Governance 7 2.5 Risk management strategy 7 2.6 Promotion 8 3 Progress against milestones 9 4 Deviations from the Business Plan 10 5 Financial and human resources 11 6 Audit statement 11 7 Confidential information 11 APPENDICES A NCRIS Facility Reports: A.1 Argo Australia 12 A.2 Enhanced Measurements from Ships of Opportunity (SOOP) 20 A.3 Deep Water Moorings (DWM, was SOTS) 33 A.4 Australian National Facility for Ocean Gliders (ANFOG) 38 A.5 Autonomous Underwater Vehicle Facility (AUV) 43 A.6 Australian National Mooring Network (ANMN) 52 A.7 Australian Coastal Ocean Radar Network (ACORN) 73 A.8 Australian Animal Tagging and Monitoring System (AATAMS) 78 A.9 Facility for Automated Intelligent Monitoring of Marine Systems (FAIMMS) 91 A.10 electronic Marine Information Infrastructure (eMII) 97 A.11 Satellite Remote Sensing (SRS) 101 A.12 Australian Oceans Data Network (AODN) Development Office 117 B EIF Facility Reports: B.1 Argo Australia 118 B.2 Deep Water Moorings (was SOTS) 120 B.3 Australian National Facility for Ocean Gliders (ANFOG) 122 B.4 Australian National Mooring Network (ANMN) 123 B.5 Australian Animal Tagging and Monitoring System (AATAMS) 127 C Node Reports: C.1 Bluewater and Climate Node 133 C.2 Queensland’s Integrated Marine Observing System (Q‐IMOS, was GBROOS) 139 C.3 New South Wales Integrated Marine Observing System (NSW‐IMOS) 142 C.4 Southern Australian Integrated Marine Observing System (SAIMOS) 148 C.5 Western Australian Integrated Marine Observing System (WAIMOS) 152 D Milestone Reports D.1 NCRIS Milestone Report 155 D.2 EIF Milestone Report 165 E Financial Statements E.1 NCRIS financial statement 167 E.2 EIF financial statement 176 F List of Acronyms 179
IMOS Annual Progress Report 2009/10 2 1 Executive summary
The year under review was enormously productive for IMOS. Demonstrable progress detailed in this 2009‐10 Annual Progress Report provides clear evidence that the IMOS community now has the capability and capacity to deliver national, collaborative, research infrastructure for the benefit of Australian marine and climate science as a whole.
Being the penultimate year of the NCRIS Program, the IMOS 2009‐10 Annual Business Plan laid out an ambitious program to: 1. finalise some particularly complex deployments, 2. make rapid progress on data availability through the Ocean Portal (launched in June 2009), and 3. begin to show measurable uptake and use of the data streams.
The very welcome announcement of an additional $52M of EIF funding in the May 2009 Federal Budget, with $8M to 45,000,000 be invested in 2009‐10, ‘upped the 40,000,000 ante’ considerably.
The funding profile (see opposite) shows that 2009‐10 was planned to be the peak year under NCRIS, with investment growing by 25% from 2008‐ 09.
Adding in the EIF investment has
resulted in 62% growth, year‐on‐year.
Importantly, 2010‐11 figures illustrate
06‐7 07‐8 08‐9 10‐11 that this level of activity will need to be 09‐10 sustained on an ongoing basis.
The financial statements for both the NCRIS and EIF work are provided in Appendix E. Those statements demonstrate strong alignment of the planned budget to actual expenditure. The NCRIS co‐investments received are far in excess of the planned budget – being $1.6M or 173% above budget for cash co‐investment and $6.1M or 210% above budget for in‐kind – this is an exceptional result and which indicates the true collaborative nature of IMOS. Operators also advised significant co‐investments for the EIF work commenced in 2009‐10 totalling $1.6M, but as we did not budget for these, no comparatives can be drawn.
There are many deployment and recovery successes detailed in this Report. Completion of the high risk / high return Southern Ocean Time Series deployment is a particular highlight. And the rapid response of our Argo, Deepwater Moorings, Ocean Glider, National Moorings Network and Animal Tagging Facilities to the additional opportunities provided by EIF funding has been truly impressive, providing an indication of the extent to which IMOS has been successful in building national capacity.
IMOS Annual Progress Report 2009/10 3 Availability of data has been growing by the day, and with eMII now producing a monthly report that shows status by Facility, from deployment of equipment to production of data products, IMOS is in a good position to measure its data availability performance on a routine basis.
Uptake and use of data has strengthened considerably over the last twelve months, and is expected to show ‘step‐change’ improvement year by year, as more and more data becomes available. It was particularly pleasing to see IMOS data streams underpinning a number of Super Science Fellowships awarded to high‐profile scientists at the University of Sydney, University of Tasmania, Australian Institute of Marine Science and Australian Antarctic Division.
Deviations from plan are also detailed in this report, and two issues are worth highlighting: • Introduction of ocean radar technology into Australia continues to be more difficult than anticipated. Expectations of this technology remain high, however further work needs to be done to realise this potential across the IMOS community. • The Argo program, which has been the single largest development of the in‐situ global ocean observing system over the last decade, had to halt deployments due to a manufacturing problem with pressure sensors. The international community responded swiftly to correct the problem, and 63% of 2009‐10 IMOS deployments (NCRIS and EIF) were achieved, with planning well‐advanced to catch‐up in 2010‐11. However a problem of this magnitude in one of the more mature elements of the global system shows that constant vigilance will be required over the long term to maintain climate‐quality records for fundamental, environmental variables.
2 Description of activities: 2.1 Research infrastructure
IMOS creates and delivers data streams for use in marine and climate science in Australia. Essentially, the research infrastructure we are creating and developing are the long time series gathered from the observing equipment we have deployed in Australia’s oceans.
The IMOS Ocean Portal (http://imos.aodn.org.au) allows the marine and climate science community to discover and explore the data streams coming from all of the facilities. The IMOS Ocean Portal has now been operational for 12 months. All IMOS data streams are available, some in near‐real time, some as non‐quality controlled, increasingly as delayed mode quality controlled data. Details of the data streams available are provided in each of the Facility Reports (see Appendices A.1‐A.9 and A.11).
Key Deployments of research infrastructure:
Southern Ocean Flux Station‐ since its deployment in March 2010, the Southern Ocean Flux Station (SOFS) has been relaying back to shore hourly observations of the wind, temperature, humidity, air pressure, sunlight and rain, giving insight into the current conditions “down south” as well as helping to build a record in this climatically important region of the world ocean.
Seals as Oceanographic Samplers – AATAMS successfully deployed nine conductivity, temperature and depth (CTD) tags on Australian sea lions at 5 locations spread across eastern Great Australian Bight, South Australia to collect cross‐shelf transects with high resolution and broad temporal and
IMOS Annual Progress Report 2009/10 4 spatial coverage. Profiles collected between November and May coincident with seasonal upwelling events, along Australia’s southern shelves, principally Flinders Current upwelling. AATAMS also deployed 15 CTD tags on southern elephant seals at Macquarie Island. This data enables both biologists and oceanographers to learn from the seals to gain a much better understanding of how the environment influences the seals foraging behaviour and success, directly in relation to differences in the ocean around them. With this new method of collecting integrated data IMOS will enable researchers to determine the big changes in the Southern Ocean and the influences they may have on the fragile ecosystem.
National Mooring Network ‐ the Indonesian Throughflow Shelf Transect Moorings (the array is comprised of four moorings extending from the Timor Trough to Joseph Bonaparte Gulf) were deployed in June. This is an important first step in the enhanced monitoring of northern Australian waters with the additional funds IMOS received from the Education Investment Fund (EIF).
Ocean Gliders ‐ the EIF funded Southern Ocean Time Series Seaglider was successfully launched in March and was retrieved off the continental shelf of Tasmania after 76 days at sea. The datastreams from the Seaglider will allow researchers to better understand the currents in the Southern Ocean that influence the Australian climate and marine ecosystems. Another Seaglider will traverse a new route in the Coral Sea and the first glider was deployed on the 1st of June. 2.2 Access and pricing
All of the data collected by IMOS is openly and freely available in a timely manner to all users through the IMOS Ocean Portal (http://imos.aodn.org.au/webportal/). This includes users for research, as well as operational activities such as BLUElink and seasonal climate forecasting and industrial applications.
2.3 Performance indicators
Details on the performance indicators are given in the reports from each of the facilities in Appendices A and B. As detailed in those reports, most facilities have developed unique, quantitative indices of performance, while others are still in the process of doing this.
Providing research infrastructure A detailed list of the capital purchases is given in Appendix E.1 Note B (for NCRIS) and Appendix E.2 Note B (for EIF). In 2009/10 a total of $3,835,633 of capital was purchased with DIISR NCRIS funds, and once co‐investment is included a grand total of $7,285,756 of capital purchases were made. In addition, in 2009/10 a total of $3,892,081 of capital was purchased with DIISR EIF funds.
Meeting researcher needs The facility reports in Appendix A and B and the Node reports in Appendix C identify 117 projects using IMOS data, and 82 Postgraduate projects. Research and postgraduate projects have both doubled since last year’s annual report (the 2008/09 APR reported 56 research projects and 40 postgraduate projects). Over the past year the eMII facility has run five Data User Workshops that have attracted 160 users including post‐graduate students, researchers, data managers and state department officials. The workshops provide background information about IMOS and enable users to search, discover and access IMOS data through the IMOS Ocean Portal.
IMOS Annual Progress Report 2009/10 5
Quality of research infrastructure IMOS is regarded internationally as a leading component of the Global Ocean Observing System (www.ioc‐goos.org), and all of the facilities provide a benchmark for their research infrastructure in the facility reports in Appendices A and B.
Fostering collaborative development of infrastructure The IMOS facilities are linked or indeed have leadership roles in numerous international bodies engaged in similar activity, including: • International Argo Steering Team • Global Temperature and Salinity Profile Program • International Ocean Carbon Coordination Program • Shipboard Automated Meteorological Oceanographic System • Global Ocean Surface Underway Data Project • International Comprehensive Ocean‐Atmosphere Data Set • OceanSITES (global deep ocean moored observatories) • Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution • NASA Astrobiology Science and Technology for Exploring Planets program • International Network of Coral Reef Ecosystem Observing Systems • Pacific Ocean (acoustic) Shelf Tracking • Ocean Tracking Network • National Institute of Water and Atmosphere Research, New Zealand • Coral Reef Environmental Observatory Network • Global Telecommunications System • Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) International Oceanographic Data and Information Exchange (IODE) Ocean Portal Development Team • National Oceanic and Atmosphere Administration (NOAA) CoastWatch
IMOS has brought the Australian marine research community together on a national scale, to work towards common goals. Ultimately, this collaboration will provide important benefits to Australia, through world‐class research and support for a strong marine industry sector.
Fostering interdisciplinary and world‐class research The international community has used Argo data to produce 121 peer‐reviews articles in 2009 and 102 so far in 2010, reflecting the global scope of the Argo program. Across all of the IMOS facilities 66 papers have been published using IMOS data, and a further 39 are in press. There have also been an additional 102 Conference papers and 11 reports published using IMOS data. The number of papers published has more than doubled from last year’s Annual Report, where a total of 30 papers were reported. Staff from the facilities have participated in many workshops and conferences. Refer to the Facility and Node reports for details (see Appendices A, B and C).
Performance against EIF principles During the initial year of the IMOS EIF funding work was focussed around areas highlighted as priorities in the June 2009 Federal Budget announcement – Super Science Marine and Climate. Specifically IMOS was asked to focus on the Southern Ocean and Northern Australian waters. Please see Appendix B for details on the new infrastructure.
IMOS Annual Progress Report 2009/10 6 2.4 Governance
At the commencement of the financial year, the IMOS Advisory Board’s scope of responsibility extended to also cover the new EIF funding. The Advisory Board met on a number of occasions to consider and make recommendations at the key decision points surrounding the EIF process, in addition to the scheduled half‐yearly meetings. • 10 September 2009, Townsville – (Scheduled meeting) Finalising the IMOS Five Year Strategy 2009‐13; approval of the 2008‐09 IMOS NCRIS Annual Progress Report; agreement on the details of the 2009‐10 IMOS EIF Project Plan; and approval on the process for the EIF Call for Proposals (opened 18 September 2009, closed 30 October 2009). • 26 November 2009, Melbourne – National meeting to reach a consensus on the Proposals • 21 December 2009, Melbourne – Advisory Board meeting to consider the Draft Final IMOS EIF Project Plan. • 15‐17 February 2010, Fremantle – IMOS Annual Planning Meeting, to finalise the details of the Final IMOS EIF Project Plan (which was submitted to DIISR 28 February 2010, and accepted by DIISR on 5 April 2010). • 10 March 2010, Canberra – (Scheduled meeting) Approve the 2010‐11 IMOS NCRIS and IMOS EIF Annual Business Plans.
During the year Prof Jo Laybourn‐Parry (ex officio) and Prof Chris Marlin retired from the Advisory Board; and Prof Allan Canty (ex officio) and Dr Peter Rogers joined the Board. Following the retirement of Professor Gary Meyers, Mr Tim Moltmann was appointed to the role of IMOS Director and ex‐officio member of the Advisory Board. For the whole of 2009‐10 Dr Trevor Powell continued as Advisory Board Chair, and continuing members were Dr Nick D’Adamo, Dr John Gould (international member), Mr John Gunn, Prof Rob Lewis, Prof Jason Middleton, Dr Ian Poiner, Dr Andreas Schiller and Dr Neville Smith. Jo Neilson, IMOS Project Manager, is Secretary to the Advisory Board.
The Steering Committee also met on a number of occasions during 2009‐10, and the membership increased to include two representatives from each Node. Steering Committee Members in 2009/10 were Tim Moltmann (Chair), Ken Ridgway, Susan Wijffels (Bluewater and Climate Node); Iain Suthers, Moninya Roughan (NSW‐IMOS); Peter Doherty, Russ Babcock (Q‐IMOS); Chari Pattiaratchi, Nick D’Adamo (WAIMOS); John Middleton, Laurent Seuront (SAIMOS); Peter Thompson, Kerrie Swadling (Tas‐IMOS); and Roger Proctor (eMII Director). Katy Hill, IMOS Scientific Officer, is Secretary to the Steering Committee. Steering Committee meeting dates were 8 September 2009, 9 December 2009 and 15 February 2010.
2.5 Risk management strategy
The IMOS Office coordinates a twice yearly update of the IMOS Facility risk assessment, as part of the process to develop the Annual Business Plans and Annual Progress Report. The last risk assessment was done during July‐August 2010, with the Facilities providing a self‐assessment of the risks they face, and the IMOS Office then assessing the residual risk. The majority of risks were assessed to be in the low to mid‐range, with major risks and risk management strategies being: • Ocean radar – delay in site approval leading to missed milestones and unavailability of data. Being managed by the IMOS Director meeting with the Operator to agree on solutions.
IMOS Annual Progress Report 2009/10 7 • Marine information – failure to deliver the data streams to meet the needs of a diverse group of stakeholders. Being managed by extensive stakeholder consultations, and ensuring the optimum staffing resources available to eMII / AODN to enable the delivery of various products.
2.6 Promotion
The key forum for promotion of IMOS to the research community was via Node meetings held around the country ‐ see Appendix C for details. In addition, IMOS personnel presented at a number of national and international conferences either during or just subsequent to the reporting period. Detail is given in the individual Facility and Node reports (Appendices A and C respectively).
The IMOS Office has also been involved in promotional activities throughout the reporting period including: • OceanObs 09: was held in Venice, Italy, on 21st to 25th September 2009. The last OceanObs conference, held in 1999, set the agenda for developing the Global Ocean Observing System over the last decade. The 2009 conference was designed to review progress to date, and set the agenda for the next ten years. Its by‐line was ‘Ocean information for society: sustaining the benefits, realising the potential’. From IMOS, four Board members (Neville Smith, Nick d’Adamo, John Gunn and Tim Moltmann), three Node Leaders (Ken Ridgway, Laurent Seuront and Chari Pattiaratchi) and eight Facility Leaders (Susan Wijffels, Ken Ridgway, Eric Schulz, Tim Lynch, Chari Pattiaratchi, Scott Bainbridge, Stefan Williams and Roger Proctor) were in attendance. Susan Wijffels and Steve Rintoul (CSIRO), Gary Brassington (BOM) and John Gunn (AAD) gave plenary talks. • Australian Marine Sciences Association Annual Conference: was held in Adelaide, on 5‐9th July 2009. IMOS held a symposium at the conference; it included presentations from the IMOS Director, the five Science Nodes and four Facilities –including a presentation by the eMII Director highlighting the IMOS Ocean Portal. There were a further six presentations outside of the symposium and eight posters that used IMOS data. • Ocean Sciences: was held in Portland, Oregon from the 22‐26th February. The IMOS Scientific Officer, Katy Hill, represented the IMOS office and presented two oral presentations and chaired a poster session on behalf of Roger Proctor. • Oceans ’10 IEEE‐ was held in Sydney, on 24‐27 May 2010. The IMOS Technical Director, Simon Allen, chaired the technical session titled “Advances in Integrated Marine Observing Systems” which included presentations from four IMOS facilities and an overview of IMOS given by the eMII Director, Roger Proctor. • 2010 Western Pacific Geophysics Meeting: was held in Taiwan from the 22‐25 June 2010. The IMOS Scientific Officer, Katy Hill, represented the IMOS office and presented an overview of IMOS. • IMOS Bulletin: during the IMOS EIF Planning process the IMOS office distributed regular EIF update emails that aimed to keep the marine and climate science community informed. This method of information distribution proved popular with the community. The IMOS Project Officer now prepares and distributes a monthly email Bulletin listing new deployments, data streams available on the IMOS Ocean Portal and any upcoming events. This is distributed to Facility and Node leaders, other Facility and Operator contacts, Advisory Board members and DIISR staff; they are in turn encouraged to distribute it further.
IMOS Annual Progress Report 2009/10 8 • Marine Matters: the IMOS Office published three issues of the newsletter during the year. These are published on the IMOS website and paper copies are distributed widely amongst the IMOS Nodes and Operators. • IMOS website: Facilities and Nodes have been adding and updating content, and regularly adding news items which are featured on the front page of the website. During the reporting period the IMOS website had over 30,000 unique visitors, an average of 1.84 visits per visitor, 4.2 pages per visit were viewed and 13.4 hits per visit. Over the reporting period 61 news items were posted on the IMOS website highlighting achievements, deployments and research outcomes from all the Facilities and Nodes. • Media: a number of media releases regarding IMOS Facilities or data streams were distributed throughout the year through the Operators Communication offices. Links to these can be found through the IMOS News on the website http://imos.org.au/news.html. However, one article in particular of note was published in the Weekend Australian on 20th March 2010, written by Bruce Montgomery. The article highlighted organisations in Tasmania working collaboratively on climate change, and included a description of IMOS and the national collaborative nature of ocean observation that IMOS has developed. • IMOS EIF Factsheet‐April 2010. The IMOS office published a two page factsheet about how the new EIF funding will extend and enhance IMOS (which is available at http://imos.org.au/factsheets.html). This was also distributed directly by the IMOS Director to a targeted list of investors and operator contacts.
After the EIF planning process had been completed in early 2010 the IMOS Director revised the Communication plan in order to align it with the Five Year Strategy and the EIF Project Plan. The Communication Plan will be reviewed annually in line with the planning cycle for the IMOS Office. Many of the communication activities listed in the Annual Action Plan will be overseen by the IMOS Project Officer, with input and direction provided by other IMOS staff members, in particular the IMOS Director.
3 Progress against Milestones
The NCRIS milestone report is in Appendix D.1. Details are given on the status of each milestone by Facility and Operator, a description of what has been achieved and any relevant comments that will affect the completion of the milestone. In summary, 44 milestones were achieved, 20 are in progress (most to be finished before the end of 2010) and nine are to be transferred to the 2010/11 Annual Business Plan.
The EIF milestone report is in Appendix D.2. Of the 31 milestones, 29 have been achieved, with the remaining two being completed early in the 2010‐11 year.
IMOS Annual Progress Report 2009/10 9 4 Deviations from the Business Plan
The following deviations are advised from the 2009/10 NCRIS Annual Business Plan: • NCRIS Milestone tables in Appendix D.1 detail agreed activities not completed (ie having a status of either ‘Delayed’ or ‘In Progress’) and remedial actions proposed. • Due to the challenges with the NSW Jervis Bay site (see Appendix A.6), it is not viable to continue this mooring as a sustained observing site. We will re‐locate the mooring further to the south to be deployed in parallel with the final NSW south coast mooring. • Due to funding constraints, the goal of telemetry from all NRS was dropped, with a sub‐set of telemetering sites identified: Maria, Yongala, North Stradbroke Island and Darwin. • AODN Development Office ‐ Activity slower to start than anticipated, delay was due to awaiting AODCJF Board approval. Staffing now in place and work commenced July 2010.
The following deviations are advised from the 2010/11 NCRIS Annual Business Plan: • Animal tagging –the remaining OTN lines are planned to be deployed off eastern Tasmania (rather than in Bass Strait) in late 2010. The reason for the change is to address problems with a lack of logistical support from Victoria and to better align the deployment with current Node planning. • In April 2010 IMOS submitted a proposal to DIISR to support opportunities in the areas of planning, uptake and use of IMOS data, and bringing related data into the Ocean Portal. DIISR accepted that proposal in June 2010, and the contract variation for $590,000 (includes the $90,000 OBIS funds noted at the next dot point) was executed August 2010. At its September 2010 meeting the Board approved that the majority of these funds would be directed to the related data area, with the balance of funds to be awaiting advice on priorities at a future meeting. • Australia, through DIISR has agreed to contribute $30,000 per annum for three years to the Ocean Biogeographic Information System (OBIS). IMOS agreed in August 2010 to administer the $90,000 funding. • At its September 2010 meeting the Board approved an additional $70,440 towards the Acoustic Observatories facility, to purchase a spare set of changeover loggers, which would maintain the integrity of the datastream, and enable periodic servicing of equipment in the laboratory (rather than at sea). • The remaining interest earnings, circa $1,300,000 will be allocated to priorities arising. Although too early to quantify at this stage it is possible, subject to funds remaining at 30 June 2011, IMOS may make a request to DIISR in early 2011 to extend the end date of the NCRIS funding agreement.
The following deviations are advised from the 2009/10 EIF Interim Project Plan: • EIF Milestone tables in Appendix D.2 detail agreed activities not completed and remedial actions proposed
The following deviations are advised from the 2010/11 EIF Annual Business Plan: • Co‐investment from Queensland and Western Australian Governments – the Final IMOS EIF Project Plan was submitted with co‐investment included. At the time of writing this Report we are continuing to negotiate with both these governments and look to finalise as soon as possible. We will advise DIISR once the outcome of these negotiations, along with a contingency plan if lower than anticipated funds are received.
IMOS Annual Progress Report 2009/10 10 • At its September 2010 meeting the Board approved allocations totalling $382,112 from interest earnings as follows: o $93,556 to extend the Tropical SOOP program out to June 2013 o $103,556 to extend the Townsville groundstation program out to June 2013 o $185,000 additional funding for the Continuous Plankton Recorder, to enable a south‐ west Western Australia route to be established for period July 2010 to June 2013
5 Financial and human resources
The financial statements have been provided at Appendix E. These statements include information on the receipt and expenditure of NCRIS (see Appendix E.1) and EIF (see Appendix E.2) resources from DIISR, interest, co‐investments; along with details of capital purchases and staffing. Please also refer to section 4 Deviations above, for amendments to the approved budgets.
6 Audit statement
In reference to clause 12.6 of the IMOS NCRIS Funding Agreement dated 22 May 2007, and the IMOS EIF Funding Agreement signed 24 June 2009, the University of Tasmania is audited by the Tasmanian Auditor‐General and the income and expenditure of IMOS is subject to these audits. Therefore, instead of the certificate and audits required under clause 12.2, the financial statements discussed at part 5 above, and included at Appendix E, have been endorsed as per clause 12.6.
7 Confidential information
None of the material in this report is to be treated as confidential.
IMOS Annual Progress Report 2009/10 11 NCRIS Facility: Argo Australia
Facility Leader: Susan Wijffels, CSIRO
Contact details: Phone: 03 6232 5450 Email: [email protected]
Note: Please see Appendix B.1 for the EIF work done in 2009/10 by Argo Australia.
Overview of status of Facility
The facility faced a considerable challenge this year, due to manufacturing problems identified in the pressure sensors deployed on Argo floats resulting in a halt in float shipments. Global deployments were halted in April 2009 while the source of the problem and quality assurance methods were developed and tested by the manufacturer in collaboration with the Argo community. Vetted pressure sensors started to become available by November 2009, allowing limited float deployments to resume. The impact of the lack of pressure sensors has been major with global deployments down by half last calendar year. NCRIS and partner deployments were reduced to 15 (out of a planned 50), 13 funded by NCRIS (out of a planned 40) and 2 from CSIRO (out of planned 10). Orders are now being delivered as more sensors become available, and we expect deployments to catch up over the next 18 months. Excellent progress was made in delayed‐mode data processing and documentation (available via the IMOS website). Due to continuing longer‐than‐expected life of floats deployed earlier, Argo Australia's array is surpassing its original NCRIS milestones of data volume with an active array of 262 floats providing good data, though array growth was largely supported by EIF investment this year.
Activities undertaken to establish and operate the infrastructure
The facility is maintaining and growing the Australian contribution to the international Argo Programme (www.argo.net). Argo is the single largest development of the in situ ocean observing system over the past decade. The Facility maintains an array of autonomous profiling floats, processes and quality controls their data and distributes it as part of the IMOS and global Argo data stream. Tight coordination with and strong contributions to the development of the global Argo program is part of the Facility activities, as Australian climate and ocean science requires a high quality global Argo data stream.
Floats are acquired from our supplier, Teledyne Webb Research Corp. (USA), according to our specifications and regional ballasting requirements. On arrival, floats are weighed carefully, opened, inspected, rebatteried (with high quality and tested lithium battery packs), re‐sealed, weighed, and run through a set of transmission, programming and buoyancy engine tests and checks. All sensor, firmware, hardware and hull serial numbers and versions are noted. Any problems are rectified or the float/components returned to the manufacturer. Floats are then secured in a shock‐proof expendable cardboard crate and readied for deployment with detailed instructions for volunteers.
Deployments target gaps and thin parts of the global array in the oceans around Australia, formed as old floats cease to operate when they run down their batteries. Deployments are organised from ships of opportunity (SOOP) including research, Navy and commercial vessels. We also collaborate with the US and New Zealand Argo programs in ensuring deployments into remote Southern Hemisphere oceans where SOOP activity is nil via a joint lease of the RV Kaharoa ‐ 15 Australian floats and ~100 US Argo floats were deployed in the oceans around Australia this year through this mechanism. Through our partner BoM, floats are also deployed from voyages that service the Tsunami Warning System. For deployments inside a country's Exclusive Economic Zone, clearance is
APX A.1 NCRIS 01 Argo 12 sought under the 1982 United Nations Law of the Sea if that country has not announced concurrence for all Argo float deployments (such as has been undertaken by most SOPAC nations‐ except Australia). All deployments are notified to member countries of the International Oceans Commission via the Argo Information Centre (AIC ‐ http://argo.jcommops.org/ ).
Data are processed in realtime from feeds from the two satellite communications systems employed ‐Service Argos and Iridium Communications. For Service Argos, the primary processing occurs at the Bureau of Meteorology (back up at CSIRO), while for Iridium, CSIRO completes the primary processing. Realtime data undergo automated checks and formatting as specified by the Argo data system. Distribution within 24 hours of observation occurs via the World Meteorological Organisations Global Telecommunications System (WMO GTS) and via the internet through the Argo Global Data Assembly Centres (GDACs).
The array performance is tracked in realtime for both data quality and return and technical/engineering performance to increase the likelihood of early detection of any new hardware/sensor/communications problems. The realtime data stream is documented and tracked for the Australian array via the realtime data processing pages ‐ (http://www.marine.csiro.au/~gronell/ArgoRT/) while the global array can be tracked via the AIC. Argo Australian technical and engineering data are monitored and tracked in realtime and made available on our technical website (http://www.cmar.csiro.au/mr/argo/tech/IndexAU_LaunchDate.html).
A second level of quality control is performed in delayed mode on float data after it is about 1 year old (so sensor drift before and after a profile can be defined). Float data are assessed and corrected for pressure and conductivity sensor drift by comparison with nearby floats, hydrographic and satellite data. Float failure modes are also diagnosed and tracked by collaboration between our delayed‐mode data QC team and engineer. Delay‐mode data replace the 'realtime' version at both the IMOS portal and GDACs after processing is complete. Decisions and a detailed quality commentary for each float is available at http://www.cmar.csiro.au/argo/dmqc/html/Argo_DM.html
The facility reports and completes plans with national operational partners via the annual Argo National Meeting (rotating between CSIRO, BoM and RAN) and the IMOS Annual Planning Meetings. We report to our international partners via the annual Argo Steering Team meeting (~March) and the Argo Data Team meeting (~October).
Additional activities undertaken
The facility is moving to more heavily use Iridium Communications as the data return per platform is increased by a factor of 20. However, we are still working through operational issues with Iridium such as a stable costing plan, intermittency and an extraordinary drop out over a 4 day period with no warning to users. Despite these teething problems, this appears to be a useful path to extracting more value from the infrastructure. Of the 13 NCRIS funded floats deployed, 7 were equipped with Iridium transmitters. Many more Iridium‐equipped floats have been acquired and will be deployed in the near future.
Our realtime and delayed mode data team assisted Argo India in adopting our software and in training on how to process Argo data. The Indian program deploys into regions critical for Australian climate research and our activities will greatly enhance the timeliness and quality of the Indian Argo data stream.
APX A.1 NCRIS 01 Argo 13 The Facility has also assisted the SOTS Facility in configuring, preparing and processing data for two rapidly processing multisensor floats deployed near the SOTS site. These floats will convert to a regular Argo mission (and join the Argo data stream) once they are left the SOTS region.
Agreed activities not completed
Only 13 of the planned 40 NCRIS deployments were achieved due to a shortage of vetted pressure sensors for the CTD packages on the floats. In early 2009, an alarming number (~25‐30%) of CTDs on floats equipped with Druck pressure sensors displayed a strong negative pressure drift. The drift was large enough and fast enough to compromise data integrity and float longevity. Global deployments were halted by the Argo Steering Team in April 2009. Several months of frantic work by both the manufactures and several national programs isolated the cause of the problem and tests were devised to screen sensors to reject those that might develop the drift. While Argo Australia worked hard to source sensors to allow float orders to be completed and shipped, most sensors were targeted for Southern Ocean deployments as part of the EIF cohort. More vetted sensors are now being produced and the backlog of float orders are being shipped and readied for deployment.
Remedial action proposed, including timeframes
Due to the delay in delivery caused by the halt in shipments, we now have a sizeable float inventory. However, deployment opportunities for most of these have been arranged, and we should clear the inventory over the next 18 months.
Working with the Argo community, agreement was reached on how to process, QC and document (QC flags, error estimates) float data affected by pressure sensor drift. Clear advice to science users is available on the Argo Steering Team website (www.argo.ucsd.edu ). Argo Australia will audit and assist other national data centres to properly process Argo data to remove pressure biases. This is particularly important for science applications interested in changing ocean heat content and thermal expansion's role in sea level rise.
PERFORMANCE INDICATORS
Providing research infrastructure
Details of new infrastructure In the past year, we have deployed 58 Argo floats (though 41 of these were funded under EIF). In addition, we now have over 160 on order or here waiting for deployment (a mix of CRC, CMAR, BOM and NCRIS floats) ‐ 80 of these are NCRIS funded. This will complete our NCRIS purchase commitments and we are well on track to have all of these in the water by mid‐2011, though fluctuations in the Australian dollar will affect the final cost of these purchases.
List of data streams that are available for use in research The Argo data stream comprises profile files (vertical profiles of temperature and salinity), trajectory files (deep ocean velocities) and meta and technical data files. The profile data are made available via the WMO GTS in realtime and in a more comprehensive netcdf format via the IMOS portal and Argo GDACs. The latter also serve the trajectory and technical data files. Data can be freely accessed via ftp, a live access server and via the IMOS portal.
The Facility delivered about 9,800 ocean temperature/salinity profiles this year and since inception has delivered over 32,000 profile/trajectory files to IMOS and the international Argo data set. Delayed‐mode quality control is nearly up‐to‐date with ~80% complete.
APX A.1 NCRIS 01 Argo 14 The international program provides the other 50% coverage required in the region around Australia. Argo delivers about 10,000 profiles per month freely to the community and over 720,000 profiles since 2000.
Outline the continuity of one key time series of data to be assessed against an appropriate benchmark for this facility. Through IMOS (50%) and with international (50%) partners, Argo Australia has maintained design density in the Australian sector of the Southern Hemisphere since late 2007 – the first region in the Southern Hemisphere to reach this goal.
Meeting researcher needs
Ongoing and new research projects and postgraduate students using IMOS data • Dr Andrew Meijers, "Global estimates of mixing parameters and subduction rates using the Tracer‐Contour Inverse Method", supervised by Trevor McDougall and Bernadette Sloyan. • Australian Climate Change Science Program: Ocean Processes and Change ‐ Rintoul/Wijffels/Sloyan; FY 2010/11; DCCCEE and CSIRO; annually funded • Australian Climate Change Science Program: Sea Level Rise‐ Church/Wijffels; FY 2010/11; DCCCEE and CSIRO; annually funded. • Antarctic Cooperative Research Centre [U. Tasmania, AAD, CSIRO, BoM, DIISR] • Climate Variability and Change Program; Rintoul; • Sea Level Rise Program; Church • Ocean Control of Carbon Dioxide Oceans Change Program; Trull • Pacific Climate Change Program; Oceans Component ‐ Ocean change, variability and sea level rise; Church/Wijffels/Brown (CSIRO); Sen Gupta (UNSW); DCCEE/CSIRO/CAWCR/UNSW; Pacific Island Countries; ends 2011/12 • POAMA development: improving seasonal climate forecasting for Australia [BoM]; Alves/Hendon ‐ ongoing • BlueLink II/III ‐ ocean forecasting for Australia; Oke/Griffin/Brassington; [RAN/CSIRO/BoM]; ends 2013/14. • Mixing in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current; Phillips/Meyer/Bindoff; ARC/UTAS.
Postgraduate research projects • PhD, Ocean Salinities and Changes to the Hydrological Cycle; QMS CSIRO/UTAS; Paul Durack; 2007‐Dec 2010; Wijffels/Bindoff • PhD, Intraseasonal Variability in the Indian Ocean; Scripps Inst. Oceanography/CSIRO Fullbright Scheme; Kyla Drushka; 2007‐2011; Sprintall/Gille (SIO); Wijffels (CSIRO) • PhD, Decadal Variability in the Indo‐Pacific; QMS CSIRO/U. Tasmania; Mauro Vargas; Feb 2010 ‐ 2013 • PhD, Southern Ocean Overturning, QMS CSIRO/U. Tasmania; Amelie Meyer; Feb 2009 ‐ 2012
Quality of research infrastructure
Benchmark against other similar overseas infrastructure We present three benchmarks compared to other Argo national programs: 1. A technical performance benchmark around float reliability which reflects the quality of the engineering and technical care taken in acquiring, preparing and deploying floats: Argo Australia is benchmark (top) amongst programs (see float decay plots on the AIC website)
APX A.1 NCRIS 01 Argo 15 2. A timeliness metric regarding data made available to the operational centers on the WMO GTS: Argo Australia is adequate with occasional months of slow data delivery due to teething problems with Iridium floats and lack of backup personnel to attend the data stream at BoM. 3. Progress in achieving high quality QC of the Argo data (delayed‐mode quality control): Argo Australia is near 80% which is above or near most other global programs. Our documentation of this process is benchmark.
Fostering Collaborative development of infrastructure
Participation in international programs collecting similar data streams Argo Australia contributes to and participates in the international Argo program in the following ways: 1. Guide, coordinate and improve the Argo program by participating in the International Argo Steering Team (IAST) meetings (represented and now co‐chaired by Susan Wijffels), as well as being a member of the Argo Executive team. IAST sets the scientific goals, guides the data system and oversees Argo implementation; 2. Helps support the international infrastructure required by Argo ‐ the Argo Information Centre (and technical coordinator) ‐ required to track and coordinate the global array and satisfy relevant international law under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) and notification of float deployment near a country's Exclusive Economic Zone; 3. Actively participates in the development and improvement of the Argo data system by contributing to and attending Argo Data Team meetings (represented by Ann Thresher), and Argo delayed‐mode data workshops; 4. Co‐operates with partner Argo countries to assist in the implementation of Argo through: • assisting the UK in monitoring the engineering data from the UK APEX array; auditing the global APEX data stream (60% of the global array) to check on how pressure corrections have been applied to Argo profiles, identifying errors, informing the relevant National Data Centers, assist in fixes, and leading an international working group on quantifying Argo pressure accuracy (see Barker et al, in pubs list). • assisting the Indian program by providing and helping implement Australia’s realtime software, and also assisted India in delayed mode processing with software and training. • are proposing to transfer this software to other programs currently having difficulties with Argo data processing e.g. Korea.
Other collaborations We are proposing to sign an MOU with Teledyne Webb Manufacturing which will give us access to their proprietary software and engineering information with a view to improving float performance.
Fostering interdisciplinary and world‐class research
List of publications using IMOS data [Internationally Argo data underpin hundreds of publications ‐ 102 so far in 2010, 121 in 2009‐see http://www.argo.ucsd.edu/Bibliography.html] Australian Authors/Students: Submitted / In Press: • Sloyan, B. M., L. D. Talley, T. K. Chereskin, R. Fine, and J. Holte: Antarctic Intermediate Water and Subantarctic Mode Water Formation in the southeast Pacific: the role of turbulent mixing. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 0. • Zika, J. D., T. J. McDougall and B. M. Sloyan, 2010: Weak mixing in the eastern North Atlantic: An application of the tracer‐contour inverse method. J. Physical Oceanography. in press.
APX A.1 NCRIS 01 Argo 16 • Santoso, A., A. S. Gupta, and M. H. England: Genesis of Indian Ocean mixed layer temperature anomalies: A heat budget analysis. Journal of Climate, 0. • Ridgway, K. R. and J. R. Dunn: Using satellite altimetry to correct mean temperature and salinity fields derived from Argo floats in the ocean regions around Australia. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers • Drushka, K., J. Sprintall, S. T. Gille, and I. Brodjonegoro: Vertical Structure of Kelvin Waves in the Indonesian Throughflow Exit Passages. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 0. • Durack, P. J. and S. E. Wijffels: FIFTY‐YEAR TRENDS IN GLOBAL OCEAN SALINITIES AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO BROAD‐SCALE WARMING. Journal of Climate, 0 • Williams, G.D., A.J.S. Meijers, A. Poole, P. Mathoit, T. Tamura, A. Klocker, 2010, Late winter oceanography beneath East Antarctic sea ice during SIPEX. Accepted, Journal of Deep Sea Research II • Meijers, A. J. S., N. L. Bindoff and S. R. Rintoul, 2010. Combining a Southern Ocean gravest empirical mode with satellite altimetry. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology. Submitted. • Barker, P. M., J. Dunn, S. E. Wijffels, C. M. Domingues, 2010: Pressure sensor drifts in Argo and their impacts. J. Ocean Atm. Technology, accepted pending minor revision.
Published: • van Wijk, E. M., S. R. Rintoul, B. M. Ronai and G. D. Williams, 2010. Regional circulation around Heard and McDonald Islands and through the Fawn Trough, central Kerguelen Plateau. Deep‐ Sea Research I, 57, 653‐669. • Sallée, J.‐B., K.Speer, S. R. Rintoul, 2010. Response of the Southern Ocean mixed‐layer depth to climate variability. Nature Geoscience, 3, 273‐279, doi:10.1038/ngeo812. • Turner, J. and 57 others, including S. Rintoul, 2010. Chapter 2: Observations, Data Accuracy and Tools, In: Antarctic Climate Change and the Environment. Edited by Turner, J., Bindschadler, R.A., Convey, P., Di Prisco, G., Fahrbach, E., Gutt, J., Hodgson, D.A., Mayewski, P.A., and Summerhayes, C.P.: 526 pp., Cambridge, SCAR. ISBN 978 0 948277 22 1. • Turner, J. and 64 others, including S. Rintoul, 2010. Chapter 4: The Instrumental Period, In: Antarctic Climate Change and the Environment. Edited by Turner, J., Bindschadler, R.A., Convey, P., Di Prisco, G., Fahrbach, E., Gutt, J., Hodgson, D.A., Mayewski, P.A., and Summerhayes, C.P.: 526 pp., Cambridge, SCAR. ISBN 978 0 948277 22 1. • Herraiz‐Borreguero , L., and S. R. Rintoul, 2010. Regional circulation and its impact on upper ocean variability south of Tasmania (Australia). Deep‐Sea Research II, in press. • Sallée, J.‐B., K.Speer, S. R. Rintoul, and S. Wijffels, 2010. Southern Ocean thermocline ventilation. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 40, 509‐529, DOI: 10.1175/2009JPO4291.1. • Herraiz‐Borreguero , L., S. R. Rintoul and R. Coleman, 2010. Subantarctic Mode Water variability influenced by mesoscale eddies south of Tasmania. Journal of Geophysical Research – Oceans, 115, C04004. • Sokolov, S. and S. R. Rintoul, 2009. The circumpolar structure and distribution of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current fronts. Part 1: Mean circumpolar paths. Journal of Geophysical Research – Oceans, 114, C11, doi:10.1029/2008JC005108 . • Sokolov, S. and S. R. Rintoul, 2009. The circumpolar structure and distribution of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current fronts. Part 2: Variability and relationship to sea surface height. Journal of Geophysical Research – Oceans, 114, C11, doi:10.1029/2008JC005248. • Brassington, G. B., 2010: Estimating Surface Divergence of Ocean Eddies Using Observed Trajectories from a Surface Drifting Buoy. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 27, 705‐720. • Donlon, C. and co‐authors, 2010: Successes and Challenges for the Modern Sea Surface Temperature Observing System. Proceedings of OceanObs'09: Sustained Ocean Observations and Information for Society, J. Hall, D. E. Harrison, and D. Stammer, Eds., ESA Publication.
APX A.1 NCRIS 01 Argo 17 • Freeland, H. J. and co‐authors, 2010: Argo ‐ A Decade of Progress. Proceedings of OceanObs'09: Sustained Ocean Observations and Information for Society, J. Hall, D. E. Harrison, and D. Stammer, Eds., ESA Publications. • Lee, T., T. Awaji, M. Balmaseda, N. Ferry, Y. Fujii, I. Fukumori, B. Giese, P. Heimbach, A. Kohl, S. Masina, E. Remy, A. Rosati, M. Schodlok, D. Stammer, and A. Weaver, 2010: Consistency and fidelity of Indonesian‐throughflow total volume transport estimated by 14 ocean data assimilation products. Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans, 50, 201‐223. • Liu, Y., J. A. T. Bye, Y. You, X. Bao, and D. Wu, 2010: The flushing and exchange of the South China Sea derived from salt and mass conservation. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 57, 1212‐1220. • Oke, P. and co‐authors, 2010: Ocean Observing System Evaluation. Proceedings of OceanObs'09: Sustained Ocean Observations and Information for Society, J. Hall, D. E. Harrison, and D. Stammer, Eds., ESA Publication. • Palmer, M. D. and co‐authors, 2010: Future Observations for Monitoring Global Ocean Heat Content. Proceedings of OceanObs'09: Sustained Ocean Observations and Information for Society, J. Hall, D. E. Harrison, and D. Stammer, Eds., ESA Publication. • Pouliquen, S. and co‐authors, 2010: Argo Data Management. Proceedings of OceanObs'09: Sustained Ocean Observations and Information for Society, J. Hall, D. E. Harrison, and D. Stammer, Eds., ESA Publication. • Rintoul, S. and co‐authors, 2010: Southern Ocean Observing System (SOOS): Rationale and Strategy for Sustained Observations of the Southern Ocean. Proceedings of OceanObs'09: Sustained Ocean Observations and Information for Society, J. Hall, D. E. Harrison, and D. Stammer, Eds., ESA Publication. • Sallee, J. B., K. Speer, S. Rintoul, and S. Wijffels, 2010: Southern Ocean Thermocline Ventilation. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 40, 509‐529. • Sallee, J. B., K. G. Speer, and S. R. Rintoul, 2010: Zonally asymmetric response of the Southern Ocean mixed‐layer depth to the Southern Annular Mode. Nature Geoscience, 3, 273‐279. • Schiller, A., S. E. Wijffels, J. Sprintall, R. Molcard, and P. R. Oke, 2010: Pathways of intraseasonal variability in the Indonesian Throughflow region. Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans, 50, 174‐ 200. • van Wijk, E. M., S. R. Rintoul, B. M. Ronai, and G. D. Williams, 2010: Regional circulation around Heard and McDonald Islands and through the Fawn Trough, central Kerguelen Plateau. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 57, 653‐669. • Wijffels, S., M. D. Palmer, N. Rayner, G. J. Goni, B. D. Dushaw, S. L. Garzoli, N. Halliday, J. Willis, D. Roemmich, H. J. Freeland, J. A. Church, and G. Meyers, 2010: Ocean Temperature, Heat Content and Thermosteric Sea Level Rise. Proceedings of OceanObs'09: Sustained Ocean Observations and Information for Society, J. Hall, D. E. Harrison, and D. Stammer, Eds., ESA Publication. • 2009 • Brasseur, P., N. Gruber, R. Barciela, K. Brander, M. Doron, A. El Moussaoui, A. J. Hobday, M. Huret, A. S. Kremeur, P. Lehodey, R. Matear, C. Moulin, R. Murtugudde, I. Senina, and E. Svendsen, 2009: Integrating Biogeochemistry and Ecology Into Ocean Data Assimilation Systems. Oceanography, 22, 206‐215. • Brassington, G. B. and P. Divakaran, 2009: The theoretical impact of remotely sensed sea surface salinity observations in a multi‐variate assimilation system. Ocean Modelling, 27, 70‐81. • Cai, W., A. Pan, D. Roemmich, T. Cowan, and X. Guo, 2009: Argo profiles a rare occurrence of three consecutive positive Indian Ocean Dipole events, 2006‐2008. Geophysical Research Letters, 36. L08701, doi:10.1029/2008GL037038. • Cai, W., T. Cowan, J. S. Godfrey and S. Wijffels, 2010: Simulations of processes associated with the fast warming rate of the southern midlatitude ocean, J. Climate, 23,197‐206,
APX A.1 NCRIS 01 Argo 18 • Dombrowsky, E., L. Bertino, G. B. Brassington, E. P. Chassignet, F. Davidson, H. E. Hurlburt, M. Kamachi, T. Lee, M. J. Martin, S. Mei, and M. Tonani, 2009: GODAE Systems in Operation. Oceanography, 22, 80‐95. • Hurlburt, H. E., G. B. Brassington, Y. Drillet, M. Kamachi, M. Benkiran, R. Bourdalle‐Badie, E. P. Chassignet, G. A. Jacobs, O. Le Galloudec, J. M. Lellouche, E. J. Metzger, P. R. Oke, T. F. Pugh, A. Schiller, O. M. Smedstad, B. Tranchant, H. Tsujino, N. Usui, and A. J. Wallcraft, 2009: HIGH‐ RESOLUTION GLOBAL AND BASIN‐SCALE OCEAN ANALYSES AND FORECASTS. Oceanography, 22, 110‐127. • Roemmich, D. and A. S. Team, 2009: Argo: The Challenge of Continuing 10 Years of Progress. Oceanography, 22, 46‐55.
Details of participation in other conferences, symposia or workshops in relation to this facility • OceanObs2009, August 2009 ‐ Venice, Italy. Argo featured prominently at this key decadal conference in which the international community assesses past progress and future evolution of the global ocean and climate observing system (GCOS). Argo was recognised as the single most significant advancement in in‐situ ocean observing, as well as setting benchmarks for data sharing, documentation and quality control, supporting the dual purpose of short‐term forecasting sciences and longterm climate/ocean monitoring. The facility contributed to an Argo Community White paper and Wijffels delivered the plenary on the Ocean Temperature Observing (see publications list), which Argo now forms a core. Van Wijk led a poster on the prospects to extending Argo core mission into the seasonal ice zones (confirmed by the conferences as gap that was in urgent need of filling in the GCOS). • Argo Data Management Team Meeting 10 ‐ Toulouse, France; September 2009 ‐ Ann Thresher represented our program with Esmee Van Wijk attending and representing us at the Delayed Mode workshop. • Argo Steering Team Meeting 11 ‐ San Diego, March 2010 ‐ Susan Wijffels attended to represent Argo Australia and assumed position of co‐chair of the international steering team (with Dean Roemmich, SIO).
2009/10 Implementation Plan – Deployments
Activity/ Responsible Duration Status Comments Deployment/ Organisation(s) / Update Location / Persons Deploy a CMAR ‐ Susan 1/2009 – In 58 floats have been deployed since June further 30 Wijffels, Ann 6/2011 Progress 2009 (but 41 of these are EIF funded). A CMAR SIP Thresher, Vito shortage of reliable pressure sensors floats, 5‐10 Dirita, Bob halted deployments for over 6 months. BOM floats Weldon, Alan We have over 160 floats either here or on and 80 IMOS Poole order for deployment in the next 12 floats months, with firm deployment opportunities identified for most of these, so should be well on track to meet this milestone.
APX A.1 NCRIS 01 Argo 19 NCRIS Facility: Enhanced Measurements from Ships of Opportunity (SOOP)
Facility Leader: Ken Ridgway, CSIRO
Contact details: Phone: 03 6232 5226 Email: [email protected]
Sub‐Facilities 2a Multidisciplinary Underway Ken CSIRO 03 6232 5226 [email protected] Network Ridgeway 2b Sensors on Tropical Research Miles AIMS 07 4753 4323 [email protected] Vessels Furnas 2c Sea Surface Temperature (SST) Helen BOM 03 9669 4394 [email protected] Sensor for Australian Vessels Beggs 2d Research Vessels Real‐Time Air‐ Eric BOM 03 9669 4618 [email protected] Sea Flux Schulz
Overview of status of Facility The SOOP Facility has made significant progress over the past year with all of the initial sub‐facilities now approaching a full deployment of equipment and contributing data to eMII on a regular basis ‐ in most cases in real‐time. We are now very much in a mature stage of operation and the issues of concern are routine maintenance, changes in ship schedules, fine‐tuning of data collection and processing. One ongoing concern involves the operation of the air‐sea flux systems on the Aurora Australis. This is still to reach fully operational status but progress is being made and the remaining problems will hopefully be addressed in the next year.
We are very happy to be able to report on the continued expansion in the use of the data streams from the various SOOP platforms. SOOP data are being used in a variety of research projects, PhD work, operational systems, and taken up in international programs. A growing list of publications is presented which have used SOOP data.
Activities undertaken to establish and operate the infrastructure 2a Multidisciplinary Underway Network • All high density XBT lines have been fully occupied this year. Frequently repeated lines had some breaks because of vessel changes which is not unusual for Ships of Opportunity programs. They are now back on track and providing data regularly. • We have also made significant progress on building an autolauncher for XBT probes which will make it much easier for ship riders and crews to collect data in future. • Data from high density voyages is now being transferred to eMII as it is received, in real‐time. They can then serve this data within 24 hours of collection. Frequently repeated lines have not yet been converted to Iridium communications ‐ once this is done (in 2010‐11) this data will also be available through the IMOS portal in real time. In addition to the data being sent to eMII, it is sent to the GTS and so is available to the world community within the 24 hour period. • There has also been a lot of work on Astrolabe during the Austral Winter in preparation for next summer's program. Piping has been installed, new sensors installed and we are building a new rack for the equipment which will be installed after her winter program. • AusCPR is providing data on phytoplantkon and zooplankton abundances between Bris‐Melb to eMII on a regular basis. From July 2010, we have recruited and are training 3 additional staff members. AusCPR will be enhanced in 2010‐2013 with new routes supported by EIF funding.
APX A.2 NCRIS 02 SOOP 20 2b Sensors on Tropical Research Vessels • A number of instrument validation sampling exercises were undertaken to reference the thermosalinograph to CTD profiles and manual samples. This will be an ongoing activity. • The thermosalinograph pump on the R.V. Solander failed in December 2009 due to an electrical short in the motor caused by a split pipe joint in the engine room and was replaced during the annual slipping. • Because AIMS does not deploy dedicated technicians on all cruises, a plan has been instituted to train the vessel crews in the operation of the thermosalinographs in the event that appropriately trained scientific staff are not embarked.
2c Sea Surface Temperature (SST) Sensor for Australian Vessels The SOOP Sea Surface Temperature (SST) Sensors sub‐facility has made great progress up to July 2010. New IMOS near real‐time SST data streams implemented over the last 12 months are from PV Fantasea One (Whitsunday Ferry), RSV Aurora Australis, MV Stadacona, MV Highland Chief and MV Iron Yandi. In total the sub‐facility has facilitated ten Australian vessels to contribute real‐time and near real‐time, high‐quality, QC'd SST data to the Global Telecommunications System (GTS) and to the IMOS Ocean Portal. The data is being used to validate the BLUElink operational ocean forecasts (OceanMAPS) and IMOS satellite SST products. Through its availability in near real‐time on the GTS, the data are all ready being ingested into many international data bases, satellite validation systems and utilized in research and operational SST analyses.
Comparisons between SST observations from ten of these vessels, Advanced Along‐Track Scanning Radiometer (AATSR) from EnviSat, Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) from NOAA polar‐orbiting satellites, and buoys, indicate that all IMOS ships (except possibly the Rottnest Is and Whitsundays ferries) produce SST data with comparable random errors to those available from drifting buoys (~0.3K when compared with AATSR SST). Including the IMOS ship SST data in combination with drifting buoy observations will therefore benefit the calibration, validation and bias‐correction of satellite SST over regions lacking in buoy observations such as coastal regions and the Southern Ocean. Over the period 1 June 2008 to 23 May 2010, each of the IMOS SST data streams from RV Southern Surveyor, RV L'Astrolabe, RSV Aurora Australis, PV Spirit of Tasmania II, MV Portland, MV Highland Chief, MV Stadacona and MV Iron Yandi exhibited less than a quarter of the standard deviation of SST observations from non‐IMOS ships over the Australian region when compared with IMOS HRPT AVHRR satellite SST observations (typically 0.2K ‐ 0.4K cf 1.6K).
The skin SST observations from the radiometer on the Whitsunday Ferry have been compared to skin SST from AATSR, AVHRR and MTSAT‐1R satellite radiometers and unfortunately exhibited large biases and standard deviations. AIMS were informed and with the assistance of William Skirving (NOAA) have identified a number of areas where they believe they can improve the radiometer system and data and will work systematically through hardware, software and at sea testing. They may also reprocess the radiometer data archive and provide a more appropriate data set on which to do the inter‐comparisons.
The new IMOS ship SST products were promoted at the Oceans from Space 2010 Symposium in Venice, 26‐30 April 2010 and the 11th GHRSST Science Team Meeting in Lima, 21‐25 June 2010.
2d Research Vessels Real‐Time Air‐Sea Flux The Southern Surveyor has continued to participate successfully in the sub‐facility. Routine observations have been provided in real‐time (3‐hourly reporting) while the vessel is at sea. Upgrades to the ship data acquisition and processing systems have lead to some minor delays (to the end of a cruise) in data delivery, but these issues have been quickly and efficiently rectified. Routine instrument calibration and the provision of meta‐data have occurred.
APX A.2 NCRIS 02 SOOP 21 The Aurora Australis commenced providing real‐time meteorological and SST observations on 26 Feb 2010. These observations come from the existing AAD instruments and the IMOS supplied syphon rain gauge. The other IMOS instruments (Optical Rain Gauge (ORG), and two long‐wave pyranometers) continue to not be operational on the vessel.
Additional activities undertaken 2a Multidisciplinary Underway Network We have towed the CPR from Hobart to Broome on a UWA/UTAS training cruise on the Southern Surveyor. These samples will be processed jointly by AAD and CSIRO and will provide a picture of the plankton community along the Leeuwin Current and between Hobart and the Great Australian Bight.
2d Research Vessels Real‐Time Air‐Sea Flux Negotiations have commenced with NIWA (New Zealand National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research) to recruit the RV Tangaroa into the sub‐facility. This will extend the geographical coverage to the East and South‐East of the current area and enhance coverage in the Southern Ocean. Recruitment will involve IMOS funding the provision of 4 radiometers and one syphon rain gauge (approximate cost of $17K AUD). NIWA expects to coinvest the data telemetry, instrument installation, and data integration costs. Instrument funding will come from the sub‐ facility data telemetry budget which has never been used by the current ship operators.
Agreed activities not completed 2b Sensors on Tropical Research Vessels Completion of an appropriate QA/QC regime for the thermosalinographs has not been completed due to competing time demands on AIMS data system personnel. The process is proceeding (slowly) and should hopefully be completed in the near future. Once an appropriate QA/QC regime is selected, it should be possible to batch‐process all historical records and enter them into eMII.
2c Sea Surface Temperature (SST) Sensor for Australian Vessels The Gladstone to Heron Is Ferry (PV Reef Voyager) was recently sold as part of the resort operations after a 2 year period of uncertainty, thus delaying thermosalinograph installation.
2d Research Vessels Real‐Time Air‐Sea Flux The issues with instrumenting the Aurora Australis have continued (see above). AAD have not been able to get the correct observations out of the Eppley Long‐wave instruments. AAD also could not get the ORG to function and sent it back to the manufacturer for tests. The manufacturer returned the wrong instrument and that has not been resolved yet.
Remedial action proposed, including timeframes 2b Sensors on Tropical Research Vessels Development of automated QA/QC processes underway. Training of ships crews to begin shortly to increase operation time.
2c Sea Surface Temperature (SST) Sensor for Australian Vessels The new owners to be approached regarding the IMOS thermosalinograph being installed on their vessel by AIMS. The owners of the Quicksilver ferry (between Port Douglas and Agincourt Reef) are willing to have the TSG installed if the earlier option does not occur. We are aiming for TSG to be installed on either vessel by June 2011. If the thermosalinograph installation proves not be viable then will install a hull contact sensor on either vessel. Significant operational lessons have been learned from the Sensors on Tropical Research Vessels project and will be applied to this installation.
APX A.2 NCRIS 02 SOOP 22 2d Research Vessels Real‐Time Air‐Sea Flux Dialogue has continued with the AAD to resolve the issue. Latest face‐to‐face meeting occurred in July 2010 with AAD undertaking to devote staff to fix the problem in time for commencement of the next season (~ September 2010). The Bureau will work more closely with AAD to progress discussions with the ORG manufacturer.
PERFORMANCE INDICATORS Providing research infrastructure Details of new infrastructure AusCPR ‐ A RBR‐X420 CTD and a Turner Cyclops fluorometer was ordered in June 2010 and will be deployed in 2010/2011. We have purchased 2 Continuous Plankton Recorders: one has been deployed on the Bris‐Syd and Syd‐Mel routes, and the other has been used for a backup and will be deployed on the Devonport‐Nelson (NZ) route in 2010/2011.
List of data streams that are available for use in research Expandable bathythermograph (XBT) Platform / Deployment Start Date Available Ocean Portal Bundle of data from January 2007 to April 2009 01/01/07 30/06/09 CSIRO XBT data transmitted in real time 15/04/10 20/05/10*
Underway CO2 measurements (CO2) Platform / Deployment Start Date Available Ocean Portal RV Southern Surveyor (VLHJ) ‐ Jan08 to Dec08 ‐ 12 cruises 01/01/08 30/06/09 RV Southern Surveyor (VLHJ) ‐ SS012009 – Wellington 03/02/09 13/04/10* /Lautoka RV Southern Surveyor (VLHJ) ‐ SS042009 ‐ Hobart/Hobart 22/09/09 13/04/10* RV Southern Surveyor (VLHJ) ‐ ST012009 – Sydney 28/01/09 13/04/10* /Wellington RV Southern Surveyor (VLHJ) ‐ ST022009 ‐ Noumea/Hobart 29/07/09 13/04/10* RV Southern Surveyor (VLHJ) ‐ ST032009 ‐ Hobart/Sydney 10/10/09 13/04/10*
Continuous Plankton Recorder (AusCPR) Platform / Deployment Start Date Available Ocean Portal Southern Ocean (historical) 12/01/91 29/06/09 East Coast Australia (BNE‐SYD) ‐ Jun09 27/06/09 26/01/10* East Coast Australia (BNE‐SYD) ‐ Jul09 25/07/09 26/01/10* East Coast Australia (BNE‐SYD) ‐ Aug09 23/08/09 26/01/10* East Coast Australia (SYD‐MEL) ‐ Jun09 29/06/09 26/01/10* East Coast Australia (SYD‐MEL) ‐ Jul09 27/07/09 26/01/10* East Coast Australia (SYD‐MEL) ‐ Aug09 22/08/09 26/01/10* • East Coast Australia (BNE‐SYD) ‐ All data sent to eMII but not yet on portal (120 samples so far) ‐ Oct09, Dec09, Jan10, Mar10, May10 • East Coast Australia (SYD‐MEL) ‐ All data sent to eMII but not yet on portal (165 samples) ‐ Oct09, Dec09, Jan10, Feb10, Mar10, Apr10, Jun10 • All Southern Ocean routes (Australian component of Southern Ocean CPR Survey) from summer 1990/91 to present; 17,083 zooplankton records to March 2008 sent to eMII. Another 1559 records from 2008/09 to be verified and uploaded, and will be submitted to eMII as soon as
APX A.2 NCRIS 02 SOOP 23 possible, plus 818 phytoplankton records to March 2009. 24 tows from 2009/10 still to be analysed.
Sea Surface Temperature Sensors Platform / Deployment Start Date Available Ocean Portal MV Sea Flyte (VHW5167) 30/04/08 30/06/10* RV L'Astrolabe (FHZI) ‐ Dec08 to Mar09 15/12/08 05/03/10* RV L'Astrolabe (FHZI) ‐ Oct09‐Now 21/10/08 05/03/10* MV Spirit of Tasmania 2 (VNSZ) 18/12/08 30/06/10* MV Fantasea (VJQ7467) 05/11/08 30/06/10* MV Portland (VNAH) 20/06/09 30/06/10* MV Stadacona (C6FS9) 10/08/09 30/06/10* RSV Aurora Australis 24/01/10 16/04/10* MV Kiribati Highland Chief 30/09/09 30/06/10* MV Iron Yandi 10/02/10 30/06/10*
Air‐Sea Fluxes Platform / Deployment Start Date Available Ocean Portal RV Southern Surveyor (VLHJ) 01/04/08 30/06/09 Aurora Australis 24/1/2010 26/2/2010
Sensors on Tropical Research Vessel Platform / Deployment Start Date Available Ocean Portal R.V. Cape Ferguson 12/12/09 Raw data only at this point R.V. Solander 12/12/09
Sensors on Temperate Merchant Vessel Platform / Deployment Start Date Available Ocean Portal Spirit of Tasmania 1 (VLST) ‐ Aug08 to Jan09 21/08/08 30/06/09 *Data made available on the Ocean Portal during 2009/10
Outline the continuity of one key time series of data to be assessed against an appropriate benchmark for this facility. 2a Multidisciplinary Underway Network XBT ‐ A good example of continuity is the Southern Ocean transects carried out by l'Astrolabe from 1992 to the present, resulting in a 17 year data set from an area where sampling is difficult. Over that time period, we have achieved 6 transects each summer with very few gaps. We believe this time series to be virtually unique and an invaluable tool in studying the Southern Ocean.
BGC ‐ A Surface Ocean Carbon Dioxide Atlas is being assembled for all surface CO2 measurements in the oceans until 2008. This contains over 9.5 million quality controlled measurements and is the data set that will be used for long time series comparisons. It includes data along the l’Astrolabe track in the Southern Ocean since 1984 and data collected around Australia since the early 1980’s. The coverage in our region is sparse, but it will be invaluable for determining if long term trends are occurring in the ocean CO2 sinks around Australia.
APX A.2 NCRIS 02 SOOP 24 CPR ‐ The phytoplankton colour index from the CPR is a measure of phytoplankton biomass and is measured on every CPR sample. We have unbroken coverage since June 2009 for east coast Australia and since September 2007 for SO‐CPR tows.
2b Sensors on Tropical Research Vessels ‐ Due to the recent installation of these instruments, no ship‐related time series exist for comparison. The vessels tend not to operate repeat tracks at regular intervals. As data is obtained, it will be compared with temperature data obtained by GBROOS moorings, environmental loggers deployed as part of the Reef Rescue Monitoring Program and satellite‐derived SST maps
2c Sea Surface Temperature (SST) Sensors for Australian Vessels SST on ships of opportunity ‐ Sea surface temperatures have been measured using buckets and mercury thermometers since the 1800's. Over the past few decades, thermistors in engine intake water pipes have been more commonly used on the volunteer observing fleet transmitting real‐time observations to the GTS. Over the Australian region, comparing the ship SST observations obtained via IMOS with those from the other AVOF vessels reporting to the GTS has indicated that the IMOS ship SST observations have less than a quarter of the total error (bias plus standard deviation) typically exhibited by non‐IMOS ship SST data streams. The IMOS ship SST observations have also been compared with drifting buoy SST observations reported to the GTS and exhibit comparable errors. The IMOS ship SST observations cover regions of the ocean sparsely covered by drifting buoy observations (eg. coastal, Indonesian waters and the Southern Ocean) and have been available in near real‐time for the last 2 years.
2d Research Vessels Real‐Time Air‐Sea Flux The meteorological data from the RV Southern Surveyor has been available in real‐time for the last 2 years.
Meeting researcher needs Ongoing and new research projects and postgraduate students using IMOS data 2a Multidisciplinary Underway Network • Project title: ARC Project: Plankton dynamics in Moreton Bay; PI: Anthony J. Richardson; Institutions: University of Queensland, Griffith University • Data from AusCPR is also being used for plankton projects off the coast of NSW by UNSW researchers and postgraduates. • Southern Ocean data have been used by CCAMLR, CAML, CCAMLR‐IWC Workshop, and by various international researchers in the 14 nation SO‐CPR Consortium
2c Sea Surface Temperature (SST) Sensor for Australian Vessels • Prof. Peter Minnett (Uni of Miami): Validation of MODIS SST (from Aqua and Terra satellites) using IMOS ship SST data. • Helen Beggs (BLUElink Ocean Forecasting Australia Project): As each new ship SST data stream becomes available in near real‐time on the Global Telecommunications System (GTS) it is automatically incorporated into BoM SST analyses and all other operational SST analyses using ship SSTs (Eg. Dick Reynold's NCDC, Met Office' OSTIA, Canadian Met Centre). • Helen Beggs (BLUElink): SOOP SST data are used at the Bureau to validate satellite SST products, analyses and ocean forecasts. • UK Met Office HadSST and ICOADS long term in situ SST analyses use the IMOS ship SST data. • Group for High Resolution SST (GHRSST) research projects now use IMOS ship SST data available on the GTS (Eg. Met.No satellite SST validation at http://saf.met.no/validation; Meteo‐France satellite SST validation)
APX A.2 NCRIS 02 SOOP 25 2d Research Vessels Real‐Time Air‐Sea Flux A sub‐set of data from the Southern Surveyor is placed on the GTS and made available to all operational meteorological and oceanographic centres. "NWP marine flux validation in the Australian region", BoM, Eric Schulz, 2010‐2012
Postgraduate research projects: 2a Multidisciplinary Underway Network Sarah Pausina (PhD student), Zooplankton Dynamics of Moreton Bay, University of Queensland, Jun 2009‐May 2012, Supervisors: Hugh Possingham, Anthony J. Richardson, Dave McKinnon
Quality of research infrastructure Benchmark against other similar overseas infrastructure 2a Multidisciplinary Underway Network XBT ‐ The Australian (IMOS) XBT group participates within the GTSPP, which coordinates international activity in XBT data collection. Our data quality control is the best in the world and has set the world standard for scientific QC of XBT data.
BGC ‐ The RSV l’Astrolabe has the best coverage of any SOOP line in the Southern Ocean for BGC measurements. The Southern Surveyor also provides the only regular coverage in most Australian regional seas. The systems on both ships use equipment and deliver QC data that conforms to the best practices available. Personnel involved with the IMOS data have maintained a leadership role in the international community of development of CO2 observing systems and setting standards for measurement quality.
CPR ‐ The CPRs we deploy on the east coast are purchased from the Sir Alister Hardy Foundation for Ocean Science North Atlantic CPR survey ensuring comparability between surveys. CPRs used in the Southern Ocean are built by the AAD to be more robust for Antarctic use and are cloned from the SAHFOS CPR. AusCPR interacts and collaborates closely with the Southern Ocean CPR Survey and with the SAHFOS survey. We have regular meetings with these sister surveys to adopt best practice procedures. We attended and contributed to the GLOBEC CPR Workshop to address QC/QA and global standardisation. We have sharpened our taxonomic skills through the organisation and running of a Zooplankton Taxonomic Workshop in Australia in Dec 2009.
2b Sensors on Tropical Research Vessels‐ When QA/QC'd, the data will be equivalent to that collected on other research vessels using equivalent instrumentation. At this time, no checks have been undertaken.
2c Sea Surface Temperature (SST) Sensors for Australian Vessels Before IMOS commenced placing ship SST data in near real‐time on the GTS, researchers and operational agencies had access to minimal ship SST data over the Australian region compared to the northern hemisphere oceans and these research vessels only reported SST to the GTS every 6 hours if at all. Through IMOS, 3 research vessels and 2 tourist ferries now report SST every minute to the GTS and 5 commercial vessels report new, climate quality, SST data streams every hour to the GTS.
2d Research Vessels Real‐Time Air‐Sea Flux This sub‐facility is modeled on SAMOS (http://samos.coaps.fsu.edu/html/ ). We compare favourably to the best of the U.S. vessels such as the Ronald Brown, and return a greater range of observations (including long‐wave radiation and precipitation). The Aurora Australis pulls down the performance, but is still better than many of the vessels participating in SAMOS.
APX A.2 NCRIS 02 SOOP 26 Fostering Collaborative development of infrastructure Participation in international programs collecting similar data streams 2a Multidisciplinary Underway Network • XBT ‐ As part of this investment, we have participated in workshops to assess the quality of the instrumentation and monitor changes through time. We also assist Scripps run its high density XBT sections in the Southern Indian Ocean. As part of the Global Temperature and Salinity Profile Program (GTSPP), we work with other groups to improve data quality and reporting. Further, as part of Argo, we and others partner to provide a complementary data set to the XBT data. Taken together, IMOS XBT and Argo are invaluable contributors to modeling, prediction and monitoring activities carried out both nationally and internationally. • BGC ‐ Data contribute to UNESCO/SCOR International Ocean Carbon Coordination Program (IOCCP) to determine the upper ocean CO2 flux and variability. The IOCCP coordinate the international effort on ocean CO2, including data collection, best practices and data delivery and synthesis. The IMOS underway measurement program for CO2 contributes to a paper delivered at Ocean Obs'09 on a global surface ocean CO2 monitoring system (Monteiro et al, 2010). • CPR ‐ AusCPR survey is affiliated with other CPR surveys globally (Southern Ocean CPR, SAHFOS). We frequently communicate and meet with members and Directors of both surveys.
2c Sea Surface Temperature (SST) Sensors for Australian Vessels • SAMOS: Shawn Smith (Florida State University) runs SAMOS (Shipboard Automated Meteorological and Oceanographic System, see http://samos.coaps.fsu.edu ). The Bureau is storing all IMOS met, salinity and SST ship data in SAMOS format. • GOSUD: Global Ocean Surface Underway Data Project based at IFREMER in France archives high quality, QC’d salinity and SST data from thermosalinographs on ships. IMOS contributes SST data from the Rottnest Ferry, Whitsunday Ferry, Southern Surveyor, Aurora Australis and L'Astrolabe to GOSUD. See http://www.gosud.org . • ICOADS: International Comprehensive Ocean‐Atmosphere Data Set ‐see http://icoads.noaa.gov/ IMOS ship SST contributes to ICOADS. All SOOP GTS data goes onto http://www.sailwx.info/shiptrack/index.html • The one‐minute SST observations from RV Southern Surveyor, RSV Aurora Australis, RV L'Astrolabe, PV SeaFlyte and PV Fantasea One have been appearing in near real‐time on the Fisheries and Oceans Canada Integrated Science Data Management website (see http://www.meds‐sdmm.dfo‐mpo.gc.ca/MEDS/Databases/TrackOB/Trackob_e.htm).
2d Research Vessels Real‐Time Air‐Sea Flux Contributing and collaborating with Shipboard Automated Meteorological and Oceanographic System (SAMOS) (http://samos.coaps.fsu.edu/html/ ).
Other collaborations 2a Multidisciplinary Underway Network • Phytoplankton research and taxonomic QA/QC with Prof. Gustaaf Hallegraeff (UTas) • Zooplankton research and taxonomic QA/QC with Dr Dave McKinnon (AIMS) • The AAD is noted for its expertise in Southern Ocean phyto‐ and zooplankton taxonomy.
2c Sea Surface Temperature (SST) Sensor for Australian Vessels GHRSST (Group for High Resolution SST: http://www.ghrsst.org): The Bureau contributes the IMOS ship SST data to GHRSST projects to calibrate/validate satellite SST data.
APX A.2 NCRIS 02 SOOP 27 Fostering interdisciplinary and world‐class research List of publications using IMOS data 2a Multidisciplinary Underway Network • Ridgway K. R., and J. R. Dunn, Using satellite altimetry to correct mean temperature and salinity fields derived from Argo floats in the ocean regions around Australia, Deep‐Sea Res., In press, 2010. • David J. McLeod, Graham W. Hosie, John A. Kitchener, Kunio T. Takahashi and Brian P.V. Hunt (in press, 25 Mar 2010) Zooplankton Atlas of the Southern Ocean: The SCAR SO‐CPR Survey (1991‐ 2008) Polar Science doi:10.1016/j.polar.2010.03.004 • Edwards M, Beaugrand G, Hays GC, Koslow JA, Richardson AJ (in press, 22/6/2010) The continuing evolution of multi‐decadal oceanic ecological datasets and their application in marine policy and management. Trends in Ecology and Evolution.
2c Sea Surface Temperature (SST) Sensor for Australian Vessels • Beggs H., L. Majewski, G. Paltoglou, E. Schulz, I. Barton and R. Verein (2010) Report to GHRSST11 from Australia ‐ BLUElink and IMOS, Proceedings of the 11th GHRSST Science Team Meeting, Lima, 21‐25 June 2010, submitted. • Beggs H., R. Verein and G. Paltoglou (2010) Calibration and Validation of AVHRR Sea Surface Temperatures using Observations from Ships of Opportunity, In: Proceedings "Oceans from Space" Venice 2010, JRC Scientific and Technical Reports, EUR 24324 EN ‐ 2010, p. 37‐38.
Details of public seminars held in relation to this facility 2a Multidisciplinary Underway Network • GTSPP meeting ‐ Oostende, Belgium, May 2010. This meeting brought together XBT operators from at least 10 countries to discuss issues of data quality, formats and analysis. Ann Thresher co‐chaired one session and leads the team working to redevelop the netcdf format for all upper ocean temperature data held by GTSPP. • Susan Wijffels and Rebecca Cowley are attending an XBT fall rate workshop to be held in Hamburg, Germany in September 2010. This workshop is a vital meeting to discuss changes in the fall rate of the XBT through time, decide on a possible correction and coordinate with other international researchers in this area. • Richardson AJ (2009) The IMOS Australian Continuous Plankton Recorder Survey. AMSA • Hosie, G.W. (2009) Circum‐Antarctic zooplankton patterns as determined by Continuous Plankton Recorder. Xth SCAR Biology Symposium, Sapporo July 2009 • Hosie, G.W. (2009) Changes in Southern Ocean Zooplankton. Local changes in a global context. Symposium on the Antarctic‐South American Interactions in the Marine Environment, Rio de Janeiro, November 2009 • Hosie, G.W. (2010) The SCAR Southern Ocean Continuous Plankton Recorder Survey: achievements, current status and future directions. AMSA 2010, Wollongong July 2010
Details of participation in other conferences, symposia or workshops in relation to this facility 2a Multidisciplinary Underway Network • BGC: Craig Neill (CSIRO) participated in a workshop from 8‐10 March, 2010, in Tokyo sponsored by the National Institute of Environmental Science (NIES) and JAMSTEC, Japan. The meeting was to discuss the results of a major intercomparison of the pCO2 measuring instrumentation. Craig Neill was invited because of his lead role in designing and prototyping the GO system used in IMOS SOOP, which is the major surface CO2 measuring equipment now in use by most countries . He was responsible for running the GO systems for the intercomparison in 2009 and for training others in the use of the systems. He also helped in troubleshooting problems with other systems.
APX A.2 NCRIS 02 SOOP 28 • BGC: Bronte Tilbrook and Craig Neill participated in a Hobart meeting of the Southern Ocean and Indian Ocean panels for the Surface Ocean Carbon Dioxide Atlas (SOCAT), held 16‐18 June 2010. The meeting was sponsored by UNESCO, IGBP(SOLAS) and CSIRO. Tilbrook chairs the Southern Ocean group and is a member of the Indian Ocean panel. He provided a talk on IMOS activities for BGC observations and Neill provided a talk on the developments of the GO system
2c Sea Surface Temperature (SST) Sensor for Australian Vessels • Beggs, Helen, Leon Majewski, George Paltoglou, Ian Barton, Eric Schulz and Ruslan Verein (2010) Report to GHRSST11 from Australia ‐ BLUElink and IMOS. Presented by Ian Barton at the 11th GHRSST Science Team Meeting, Lima, 21‐25 June 2010. • Beggs H., R. Verein and G. Paltoglou (2010) Calibration and Validation of AVHRR Sea Surface Temperatures using Observations from Ships of Opportunity. Presented by Helen Beggs as a poster at the Oceans from Space 2010 Symposium, Venice, 26‐30 April 2010. • Ridgway, Ken, Helen Beggs, Miles Furnas, Anthony Richardson, Eric Schulz, Ann Thresher and Bronte Tilbrook (2009) Enhanced Measurements from Ships of Opportunity. Presented by Ken Ridgway as a poster at OceanObs09, Venice, Italy, 21‐25 September 2009.
2d Research Vessels Real‐Time Air‐Sea Flux • Smith, S., M. Bourassa, J. Hu, E. Kent, C. Paver J. Rettig, J. Rolph, S. Rutz, E. Schulz and R. Verein, The Data Management System for the Shipboard Automated Meteorological and Oceanographic System (SAMOS) Initiative, in Proceedings of OceanObs'09: Sustained Ocean Observations and Information for Society (Vol. 2), Venice, Italy, 21‐25 September 2009, Hall, J., Harrison D.E. & Stammer, D., Eds., ESA Publication WPP‐306, 2010. • Smith, S., M. A. Bourassa, E. F. Bradley, C. Cosca, C. W. Fairall, G. J. Goni, J. T. Gunn, M. Hood, D. L. Jackson, E. C. Kent, G. Lagerloef, P. McGillivary, L. P. de la Villéon, R. T. Pinker, E. Schulz, J. Sprintall, D. Stammer, A. Weill, G. Wick, and M. J. Yelland. "Automated Underway Oceanic and Atmospheric Measurements from Ships" in Proceedings of OceanObs'09: Sustained Ocean Observations and Information for Society (Vol. 2), Venice, Italy, 21‐25 September 2009, Hall, J., Harrison D.E. & Stammer, D., Eds., ESA Publication WPP‐306, 2010
APX A.2 NCRIS 02 SOOP 29
2009/10 Implementation Plan – Deployments
2a Underway Network Activity/Deployment/Location Responsible Responsible Start Finish Status Comments / Update Organisation(s) Person/Support Staff Collect pitch and roll information CSIRO/AAD Richardson/ Apr Ongoing In Progress routinely for CPRs Hosie 2009 East Coast route in monthly CSIRO Richardson/ Apr Ongoing Achieved The ANL Windarra is changing its operation to operation (Brisbane to Coman 2009 every 2 months from Bris‐Mel. The route has Melbourne) thus been deployed every 2 months from Apr 2010. We are extending from Mel‐Ade in Aug 2010. Integrate physical water CSIRO/AAD Richardson/ Jun Ongoing In Progress parameters monitoring into CPRs Hosie 2009 l’Astrolabe route AAD Hosie/McLeod Oct Ongoing Other It is not feasible to tow a CPR on this ship due 2009 to OH&S issues. We are deploying CPRs regularly on research vessels in the Southern Ocean. Phytoplankton training course CSIRO Slotwinski/ Jun Achieved McLeod 2009 Zooplankton taxonomic CSIRO/AAD Richardson/ Dec Achieved workshop Hosie 2009 Purchase 2 additional CPRs CSIRO Coman Jun Achieved 2010 Purchase additional microscopes CSIRO Coman Jun Achieved 2010 Extension of East Coast line to CSIRO Richardson/ Jun Ongoing In Progress First deployment mid‐Aug 2010 Adelaide (if feasible) Coman 2010 Potential additional route (if CSIRO Richardson Dec Ongoing In Progress First route to NZ scheduled for Aug 2010 funding permits, Brisbane to NZ /Coman 2010 or along the West Coast of Australia)
APX A.2 NCRIS 02 SOOP 30
2c SST Sensors Activity/Deployment/Location Responsible Responsible Start Finish Status Comments Organisation(s) Person/Support / Update Staff Produce near real‐time QC’d BoM/AIMS/CMAR Helen Beggs, Jul 08 Jun 09 Achieved eMII‐compliant files available 2 days after SST data files from MV SeaFlyte Ruslan Verein, observation from ocean portal. (Rottnest Ferry), MV Fantasea Alan Thomas/ (Whitsunday Ferry), RV Craig Steinberg/ Southern Surveyor, L’Astrolabe Ian Barton and Spirit of Tasmania II in eMII‐compliant format Complete on‐board, at sea AIMS Craig Steinberg, Mar 09 Jun 09 Delayed MV Reef Voyager sold and alternative testing of thermosalinograph Mike Mahoney vessel being sourced. on MV Reef Voyager (Gladstone to Heron Island Ferry) Produce near real‐time QC’d AIMS Craig Steinberg, Jun 09 Dec 09 Delayed New owners of MV Reef Voyage SST data files from MV Reef Mike Mahoney/ (Gladstone to Heron Is) to be approached Voyager Helen Beggs, for TSG installation. Alternatively can Ruslan Verein instrument Quicksilver Ferry from Port Douglas to Agincourt Reef. Ongoing construction, BoM Helen Beggs, Mar 09 Jun 11 In Progress All AVOF‐AWS vessels instrumented except integration, installation and Ross Hibbins, MV ANL Yarunga (sold) and MV Pacific Sun calibration of hull‐mounted SST Alan Thomas, (shortly to be sold). Alternative AVOF‐ systems into other existing Martin AWS vessels will be sourced but difficult to AWS systems (MV Stadacona, Buggellen find replacement for ANL Yarunga (Tasman MV Portland, MV Pacific Sun, Sea route). MV Kiribati Chief, MV Iron Yandi, MV ANL Yarunga) Produce near real‐time QC’d BoM/AAD Helen Beggs, Jan 09 Apr 10 Achieved SST data files from RSV Aurora Eric Schulz, Australis Ruslan Verein
APX A.2 NCRIS 02 SOOP 31
Assessment of SST data quality BoM/AIMS/CMAR Helen Beggs/ Mar 09 Jun 11 In Progress Ship SST data routinely compared with from temperature sensors and Ruslan Verein/ AATSR and AVHRR satellite SST data to ongoing data management Craig Steinberg/ check quality. Ian Barton Ongoing ship‐based instrument BoM/AIMS/CMAR Ross Hibbins, Mar 09 Jun 11 In Progress maintenance Alan Thomas/ Craig Steinberg, Mike Mahoney/ Hiski Kippo
2d Air‐Sea Flux Activity/Deployment/Location Responsible Responsible Start Finish Status Comments Organisation(s) Person/Support / Update Staff Routine annual calibration of BoM, MNF, AAD Eric Schulz Mar09 June Achieved instruments on SS and AA 2011 Routine transmission of data BoM, AAD Eric Schulz Dec June In Progress Transmit data, but not for all required from AA 2009 2011 observations Upgrade of data QC system, BoM Eric Schulz, R June Dec Achieved and routine generation of air‐ Verein 2009 2009 sea flux product
APX A.2 NCRIS 02 SOOP 32 NCRIS Facility: Deep Water Moorings (DEEP WATER MOORINGS)
Facility Leader: Tom Trull, CSIRO / University of Tasmania (UTAS)
Contact details: Phone: 03 6232 5069 Email: [email protected]
Sub‐Facilities 3a Air‐Sea Flux Stations Eric Schulz BOM 03 9669 4618 [email protected] (ASFS) 3b Southern Ocean Time Tom Trull CSIRO / UTAS 03 6232 5069 [email protected] Series (SOTS)
Note: Please see Appendix B.2 for the EIF work done in 2009/10 by DWM.
Overview of status of Facility The 2009/10 year was very successful. DEEP WATER MOORINGS successfully deployed all of its planned platforms at the Southern Ocean Time Series site ‐ SOFS, Profiler, Pulse, and SAZ, with data delivered live to the internet from the first two platforms as planned.
Activities undertaken to establish and operate the infrastructure 3a Air‐Sea Flux Stations (ASFS) The Southern Ocean Flux Station (SOFS) was delivered by WHOI in March 2010. The mooring was assembled and prepared for deployment by WHOI, CMAR and BoM staff and deployed from the Southern Surveyor at 46.75S 142E, on 17 March 2010 during voyage SS2010_02. Real‐time data telimetry of the meteorological observations commenced immediately and QC'd observations and flux products were provided routinely to eMII on 9 April 2010. One humidity and air temperature module ceased to function correctly a week into the deployment. SOFS has dual meteorological systems so is still recording these parameters. Additional secondary systems on SOFS have not functioned correctly due to problems with the motion reference unit (MRU) electronics system and the pCO2 system supplied by PMEL (NOAA).
3b Southern Ocean Time Series (SOTS) The SAZ‐12 and Pulse‐6 moorings were successfully deployed from Southern Surveyor SS2009_04 in September 2009 for recovery and redeployment on schedule for September 2010 from SS2010_07. Pulse‐6 functioned flawlessly and was recovered from SS2010_02 in March 2010, with redeployment on schedule for September 2010 from SS2010_07. Two APEX APF9I profiling floats equipped with SBE43 O2 sensors were deployed at the SOTS site and report data live via the Argo program.
Additional activities undertaken 3a Air‐Sea Flux Stations (ASFS) The non‐operating systems (apart from the humidity/temperature module) were not part of the original Project plan and are piggy‐back. Observations/measurements from these systems assist in engineering performance analysis (MRU) and tension cell, waves (MRU), and bio‐geo‐chemical (bgc) parameters (PAR, dissolved oxygen and flourometer). The BGC measurements are in complement to that measured on the Pulse (SOTS) mooring, as well as providing winter observations and proof of concept for transferring instruments to the SOFS platform.
3b Southern Ocean Time Series (SOTS) The first deployment of an ANFOG ocean glider was achieved at the SOTS site from SS2010_02 in March 2010 and then recovered in June using a small vessel.
APX A.3 NCRIS 03 33 DWM Remedial action proposed, including timeframes We will be visiting the SOFS site in September 2010, and will use that opportunity to replace faulty systems (humidity/temperature, pCO2 & MRU) ‐ weather permitting. If this fix is unsuccessful, then repair will occur when the mooring is recovered in April 2011, ready for redeployment in September 2011.
PERFORMANCE INDICATORS Providing research infrastructure Details of new infrastructure Deployment details from the 2009/10 Implementation Plan are listed at the end of the report.
List of data streams that are available for use in research Platform / Deployment Start Date Available Ocean Portal 3a Air‐Sea Flux Stations (ASFS) SOFS Weather Station 16/03/10 09/04/10* Glider (real time) 20/03/10 10/05/10* 3b Southern Ocean Time Series (SOTS) Pulse Mooring ‐ Deployment 5 (PULSE5H) ‐ realtime 05/10/08 30/10/08 Pulse Mooring ‐ Deployment 5 (PULSE5L) ‐ realtime 05/10/08 30/10/08 Pulse Mooring ‐ Deployment 6 ‐ realtime 27/09/09 15/03/10* SAZ Sediment Trap 2008/09 01/10/08 16/04/10* Profiling Float 20/03/10 16/05/10* *Data made available on the Ocean Portal during 2009/10
Outline the continuity of one key time series of data to be assessed against an appropriate benchmark for this facility. • Wave heights and periods from accelerometer data from Pulse 5H and 5L moorings ‐ 6 months of data. • ASFS ‐ real‐time hourly averages of wind, telimetered every 4 hours since March 2010.
Meeting researcher needs Ongoing and new research projects and postgraduate students using IMOS data • "Bureau NWP marine flux verification on the Southern Ocean", BoM, E Schulz, 2010‐ • "Building long‐term climate quality air‐sea flux record in Southern Ocean", BoM, E. Schulz, 2010‐ • Response of pteropods to ocean acidification, UTAS, P.I. Donna Roberts, 2009‐2012, Department of Climate Change, W. Howard, T. Trull (ACE CRC).
Postgraduate research projects: • PhD, Subantarctic zone nitrogen cycling, Princeton University, Peter DiFiore, 2006‐2010, Prof. Daniel Sigman. • PhD, The role of aggregation in the control of particulate carbon export, Bremen University, Friederike Ebersbach, 2006‐2010, Prof. Dieter Wolf‐Gladrow, Prof. Tom Trull • PhD, Nitrogen isotopic fractionation during phytoplankton assimilation of nitrate, Kristen Karsh, 2006‐2011, Princeton University‐University of Tasmania, Prof. Daniel Sigman, Prof. Tom Trull
Quality of research infrastructure Benchmark against other similar overseas infrastructure • SOFS ‐ Could compare to WHOI or PMEL/NOAA mooring programs. • Pulse and Profiler ‐ no comparable programs exist elsewhere. • SAZ sediment trap – review of SAZ sediment trap program underway in 2008‐9 for inclusion in international compilations as part of OceanSITES.
APX A.3 NCRIS 03 34 DWM Fostering Collaborative development of infrastructure Participation in international programs collecting similar data streams • SOTS/ASFS is a member of the OceanSITES program which seeks to develop a network of global ocean time series programs. This will allow inter‐comparison of results and broader distribution of data. • We have developed a collaborative relationship with Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, one of the two leading research agencies in the world engaged in sustained, long‐term moorings in the deep ocean. Other collaborations • Simon Josey (NOCS), validation of NCEP using SOFS flux data. • Scott Nodder, NIWA‐NZ, comparative studies of carbon cycling in the Subantarctic Zone.
Fostering interdisciplinary and world‐class research List of publications using IMOS data • DiFiore, P. J., Sigman, D. M., Karsh, K., Trull, T. W., Dunbar, R., & Robinson, R. (2010). Poleward Decrease in the Isotope Effect of Nitrate Assimilation across the Southern Ocean. Geophysical Research Letters, in press. • Howard, W.R., Roberts, D., Moy, A.D., Lindsay, M.C.M., Hopcroft, R.R., Trull, T.W., Bray, S.G., 2010. Distribution, abundance and seasonal flux of pteropods in the Sub‐Antarctic Zone. Deep Sea Research II in press. • Bowie, A.R., Lannuzel, D., Remenyi, T.A., Wagener, T., Lam, P.J., Boyd, P.W., Guieu, C., Townsend, A.T., Trull, T.W., 2009. Biogeochemical iron budgets of the Southern Ocean south of Australia : Decoupling of iron and nutrient cycles in the subantarctic zone by the summertime supply. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 23, GB4034, doi:10.1029/2009GB003500 • Moy, A.D., Howard, W.R., Bray, S., Trull, T., 2009. Reduced calcification in modern Southern Ocean planktonic foraminifera. Nature Geoscience 2, 276‐280, doi: 10.1038/NGEO46. • Pender, L., Trull, T. W., Mclaughlan, D., & Lynch, T. (2010). Pulse – A Mooring for Mixed Layer Measurements in the Open Ocean and Extreme Weather. OCEANS 2010 IEEE Sydney Conference Volume ISBN 978‐1‐4244‐5222‐4 paper 100114‐070, 7pages. • Trull, T. W., Schulz, E., Bray, S. G., Pender, L., McLaughlan, D., Tilbrook, B., et al. (2010). The Australian Integrated Marine Observing System Southern Ocean Time Series Facility. OCEANS 2010 IEEE Sydney Conference Volume ISBN 978‐1‐4244‐5222‐4 paper 100114‐043, 7pages.
Details of public seminars held in relation to this facility • Seminar presented by Lindsay Pender: • Pender, L., Trull, T. W., Mclaughlan, D., & Lynch, T. (2010). Pulse – A Mooring for Mixed Layer Measurements in the Open Ocean and Extreme Weather. OCEANS 2010 IEEE Sydney Conference Volume ISBN 978‐1‐4244‐5222‐4 paper 100114‐070, 7pages. • Seminar presented by Tom Trull • Trull, T. W., Schulz, E., Bray, S. G., Pender, L., McLaughlan, D., Tilbrook, B., et al. (2010). The Australian Integrated Marine Observing System Southern Ocean Time Series Facility. OCEANS 2010 IEEE Sydney Conference Volume ISBN 978‐1‐4244‐5222‐4 paper 100114‐043, 7pages.
Details of participation in other conferences, symposia or workshops in relation to this facility • "Air‐Sea Flux Verification over the Ocean", ACCESS evaluation workshop, Bureau of Meteorology, 29 April 2010, author/presenter • "Southern Ocean Air‐Sea Fluxes: Recent Developments", S. Josey, CLIVAR Southern OCean pael meeting, NOC, 14‐17 June 2010. Used SOFS data to validate NCEP NWP model and also presented some of my work on validating Bureau models.
APX A.3 NCRIS 03 35 DWM
2009/10 Implementation Plan – Deployments
Activity/Deployment/Location Responsible Responsible Start Finish Status Comments Organisation(s) Person/Support / Update Staff Platform 1. SOTS
Sub‐contract (Bureau‐WHOI) BoM Eric Schulz 10/2008 3/2009 Achieved for mooring construction signed Mooring construction BoM Eric Schulz 2/2009 1/2010 Achieved undertaken by WHOI Mooring delivered BoM Eric Schulz 2/2010 2/2010 Achieved
Mooring deployed BoM Eric Schulz 3/2010 3/2010 Achieved
Data stream processed in real‐ BoM E. Schulz, 4/2010 4/2011 Achieved time R. Verein Platform 2. Pulse
Recover 2 currently deployed CSIRO‐UTAS Tom Trull 3/2009 4/2009 Achieved Both designs functioned well, 5H design engineering test moorings selected for future builds Fill requirement for staff to do CSIRO‐UTAS Tom Trull 3/2009 4/2009 In Progress Peter Jansen hired on 5 July 210 as DEEP instrument prep/sample and WATER MOORINGS Project Manager sensor analysis/data transfer to IMOS‐eMII Finalize Pulse design and build CSIRO‐UTAS Tom Trull 4/2009 8/2009 Achieved
Deploy Pulse CSIRO‐UTAS Tom Trull 9/2009 9/2009 Achieved
Recover Pulse CSIRO‐UTAS Tom Trull 3/2010 3/2010 Achieved
Sensors data processed and CSIRO‐UTAS Tom Trull 4/2010 6/2010 In Progress Uncalibrated Sensor data downloaded delivered to IMOS and eMII successfully. Sensors distributed to
APX A.3 NCRIS 03 36
DWM
Activity/Deployment/Location Responsible Responsible Start Finish Status Comments Organisation(s) Person/Support / Update Staff manufacturers and other facilities for calibration ‐ which has been slower than hoped but is close to completion. Samples analysed and results CSIRO‐UTAS Tom Trull 4/2010 12/2010 In Progress Analyses complete, compilation for delivered to IMOS and eMII delivery to eMII in progress. Platform 3. Profilers
Receive first 2 floats CSIRO‐UTAS Tom Trull 6/2010 Achieved First 2 floats deployed in Dec. 09 and Mar. 10 Test depth‐table hot‐swapping CSIRO‐UTAS Tom Trull 6/2010 9/2010 Achieved Iridium hot‐swap system built and implemented at CMAR. Deploy first 2 floats CSIRO‐UTAS Tom Trull 9/2010 11/2010 Achieved First 2 floats deployed in Dec. 09 and Mar. 10 Provide first data stream to CSIRO‐UTAS Tom Trull 9/2010 6/2011 Achieved Data live since deployment internet Receive next 9 floats CSIRO‐UTAS Tom Trull 1/2010 In Progress Floats received, but bio‐optical sensors require improved calibration and were returned to manufacturer Deploy floats at bi‐monthly CSIRO‐UTAS Tom Trull 2/2010 2/2011 In Progress Next deployment on track for Sept 2010 intervals Platform 4. SAZ
Recover currently deployed CSIRO‐UTAS Tom Trull 9/2009 9/2009 Achieved SAZ sediment traps Redeploy SAZ sediment traps CSIRO‐UTAS Tom Trull 9/2009 9/2009 Achieved
2008 Samples analysed and CSIRO‐UTAS Tom Trull 9/2009 6/2010 Achieved results delivered to IMOS and eMII
APX A.3 NCRIS 03 37
DWM NCRIS Facility: Australian National Facility for Ocean Gliders (ANFOG)
Facility Leader: Chari Pattiaratchi, The University of Western Australia (UWA)
Contact details: Phone: 08 6488 3179 Email: [email protected]
Note: Please see Appendix B.3 for the EIF work done in 2009/10 by ANFOG.
Overview of status of Facility Ocean gliders are autonomous vehicles designed to operate in water depths up to 1000 m. By changing its buoyancy, the glider is able to descend and ascend. For IMOS, two different types of gliders are proposed. The Slocum glider is designed to operate to a maximum depth of 200m and a maximum endurance of 30 days, whilst the Seaglider is able to operate to a maximum depth of 1000m and a maximum endurance time of up to 6 months. Both gliders will have the same suite of sensors to measure conductivity (for salinity), temperature, dissolved oxygen, fluorescence, turbidity and CDOM (dissolved organic matter) with depth.
Activities undertaken to establish and operate the infrastructure Highlights of the facility are: • The full complement of ocean gliders: 4 Slocum gliders and 5 Seagliders were completed in August 2008. • The full complement of staffing is now complete. The facility now consists of the following: Chari Pattiaratchi (facility leader); Ben Hollings (Operations manager); Mun Woo (data officer and Seaglider pilot); Christine Hanson (Biogeochemical data); Dennis Stanley (electronics technician). Stanley started in January 2009 whilst Hanson in June 2009. • Regular deployment of gliders into the nodes started in November 2008 and has continued throughout the reporting period (Figure 1 and Table 1). • 5 gliders deployed simultaneously in Western Australia (Slocum), South Australia (Slocum and Seaglider), New South Wales (Slocum) and Tasmania (Seaglider). • Development of real‐time web based data visualization system for the display of glider tracks and data plots • Seaglider data available through eMII
PERFORMANCE INDICATORS Providing research infrastructure List of data streams that are available for use in research Platform / Deployment Start Date AvailableOcean Portal Seaglider Maria Island (TAS) 12/02/09 21/06/09 Perth Trial (WA) 09/02/09 21/06/09 Bicheno (TAS) 21/04/09 18/07/09* Kalbarri (WA) 18/05/09 28/06/09 Portland (VIC) 26/05/09 21/04/10* Kalbarri (WA) 11/11/09 21/04/10* Slocum Port Stephens (NSW) 25/114/08 21/06/09 Harrington (NSW) 17/03/09 21/06/09 Marion Bay 1 (SA) 28/05/09 20/07/09* Fremantle (WA) 20/01/09 21/06/09 Marion Bay 2 (SA) 01/01/09 21/06/09 Fremantle 2 (WA) 13/03/09 21/06/09
APX A.4 NCRIS 04 ANFOG 38 Fremantle 3 (WA) 27/03/09 21/06/09 Fremantle 4 (WA) 20/02/09 21/06/09 Fremantle 5 (WA) 02/04/09 21/06/09 Marion Bay 3 (SA) 16/07/09 20/08/09* Fremantle 6 (WA) 15/05/09 30/06/09 Crowdy Head 1 (NSW) 01/10/09 21/04/10* Fremantle 7 (WA) 29/07/09 21/04/10* Fremantle 8 (WA) 21/08/09 21/04/10* Marion Bay 4 (SA) 04/11/09 21/04/10* Two Rocks 1 (WA) 08/12/09 21/04/10* Kalbarri 1 (WA) 22/12/09 21/04/10* Fremantle 9 (WA) 03/06/09 21/04/10* Port Stephens 2 (NSW) 28/10/09 21/04/10* *Data made available on the Ocean Portal during 2009/10
Outline the continuity of one key time series of data to be assessed against an appropriate benchmark for this facility. Two Rocks transect, Western Australia, > 75% coverage.
Meeting researcher needs Ongoing and new research projects and postgraduate students using IMOS data: • Ocean‐reef interactions as drivers of continental shelf productivity in a changing climate, UWA and UNSW, Professor Anya Waite, Dr Moninya Roughan, Winthrop Professor Charitha Pattiaratchi, Doctor Jonne Kotta, Doctor Helen Orav‐Kotta, 2010‐2012. Australian Research Council • Deployment of ocean gliders as part of WAIMOS, UWA, Winthrop Professor Charitha Pattiaratchi, 2008‐2011. WAMSI • New Insights From Ocean Gliders ‐ Comparing Oceanographic Forcing of Phytoplankton Dynamics in Two Very Different Eastern Boundary Current Regions. Dr Christine Hanson, Prof Peter Rhines (University of Washington), 2010, UWA Research collaboration award
Postgraduate research projects: • PhD, Cross‐shore processes along the Rottnest continental shelf, UWA, Thisara Welhena, 2009‐ 2011, Prof Charitha Pattiaratchi and Dr Ming Feng. • BE (Hons) Analysis of Seaglider data, UWA, Ping Jie Teo, 2010. Prof Charitha Pattiaratchi, Dr Christine Hanson, Dr Mun Woo
Quality of research infrastructure Benchmark against other similar overseas infrastructure The main ocean glider users are the Rutgers University, University of Washington (manufacture of Seagliders) and the Canadian Ocean Glider Facility. We have established contact with both of these operators and have exchanged ideas. Rutgers University have provided software for the development of web‐based visualisation of glider data. It should be noted that ANFOG is the only facility globally which uses two different types of gliders – others specialise in the use of a single type of a glider: i.e. either Slocum or Seaglider.
Fostering Collaborative development of infrastructure Participation in international programs collecting similar data streams As mentioned above, the main operators of the gliders are Rutgers University, University of Washington (manufacture of Seagliders). We have established contact with these operators and
APX A.4 NCRIS 04 ANFOG 39 have exchanged ideas. Rutgers University have provided software for the development of web‐ based visualisation of glider data.
Other collaborations University of Victoria, Canada for the interpretation of Chlorophyll data from ocean gliders.
Fostering interdisciplinary and world‐class research List of publications using IMOS data • B. Hollings, C. B. Pattiaratchi, M. Woo & C. E. Hanson (2010) Sustained oceanographic observations around Australia using autonomous ocean gliders. Proceedings of the IEEE Oceans 2010 Conference, Sydney, May 2010. • Testor P., Meyers G, Pattiaratchi C et al., (2009) Gliders as a component of future observing systems. White Paper OceanObs’09 Conference, Venice, Sept 2009. • Pattiaratchi C., Feng M., McCauley R., Lynch M., D’Adamo N. (2009).The West Australian Integrated Marine Observation System (WAIMOS): Interactions between the Leeuwin Current and the continental shelf. Proceedings OceanObs’09 Conference, Venice, Sept 2009. • Pattiaratchi, C., Hollings, B & Woo M (2009) Oceanographic Observations of the Australian Continental Shelf and Slope Waters Using Autonomous Ocean Gliders. Proceedings OceanObs’09 Conference, Venice, Sept 2009.
Details of participation in other conferences, symposia or workshops in relation to this facility • Australian Marine Science Conference Adelaide, Australia, July 2009 Western Australian Integrated Ocean Observation System (WAIMOS) (Presenter: C. Pattiaratchi) • Oceanobs’09 Conference Venice, Italy September 2009 Oceanographic Observations of the Australian Continental Shelf and Slope Waters Using Autonomous Ocean Gliders, C Pattiaratchi (poster) • Oceanobs’09 Conference Venice, Italy September 2009The West Australian Integrated Marine Observation System (WAIMOS) C Pattiaratchi (poster) • European glider observatories, Cyprus, October 2009, Australian National Facility for Ocean Gliders (Presenter: B. Hollings) • CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research, Hobart, Australia, December 2009 Coastal Physical Oceanography off South‐West Australia. (Presenter: C. Pattiaratchi) • Oceans Sciences meeting Portland, USA February 2010 Sustained bio‐optical measurements across the Leeuwin Current system via ocean gliders: spatio‐temporal patterns and links to physical forcing (Presenter: Christine Hanson) • IEEE Oceans conference Sydney, Australia May 2010 Sustained oceanographic observations around Australia using autonomous ocean gliders (Presenter: Ben Hollings)
APX A.4 NCRIS 04 ANFOG 40
2009/10 Implementation Plan – Deployments Activity/Deployment/Location Responsible Responsible Person/ Start Finish Status Comments / Update Organisation(s) Support Staff Slocum deployment, NSWIMOS ANFOG/NSWIMOS Hollings/MacDonald w2 Jul09 w2 Aug09 Achieved Deployed on 29 July 2009 Slocum deployment, WAIMOS ANFOG/WAIMOS Stanley w3 Jul09 w3 Aug09 Achieved Deployed on 21 August 2009 Slocum deployment, WAIMOS ANFOG/WAIMOS Stanley w3 Aug09 w3 Sep09 Delete Glider unavailable Seaglider deployment WAIMOS ANFOG/WAIMOS Woo w3 Aug09 w4 Feb09 Delete Glider unavailable Slocum deployment, SAIMOS ANFOG/SAIMOS Hollings/Stanley w1 Sep09 w1 Oct09 Delayed Deployed on 4 November 2009 Slocum deployment, WAIMOS ANFOG/WAIMOS Stanley w3 Sep09 w3 Oct09 Delete Glider unavailable Slocum deployment, NSWIMOS ANFOG/NSWIMOS Hollings/MacDonald w4 Sep09 w4 Oct09 Achieved Deployed on 2 October 2010 to coincide with Southern Surveyor voyage Slocum deployment, WAIMOS ANFOG/WAIMOS Stanley w3 Oct09 w3 Nov09 Delete Glider unavailable Seaglider deployment WAIMOS ANFOG/WAIMOS Woo w4 Oct09 w4 Mar09 Achieved Deployed on 11 November 2009 Seaglider deployment, Bluewater ANFOG/Bluewater MacDonald w1 Nov09 w4 Apr09 Achieved Deployed on 26 November 2009 Slocum deployment, WAIMOS ANFOG/WAIMOS Stanley w3 Nov09 w3 Dec09 Achieved Deployed on 8 December 2009 Slocum deployment, SAIMOS ANFOG/SAIMOS Hollings/Stanley w3 Nov09 w3 Dec09 Achieved Deployed on 4 November 2009 Seaglider deployment, SAIMOS ANFOG/SAIMOS Hollings w4 Nov09 w4 Dec09 Delayed Communication problems Slocum deployment, NSWIMOS ANFOG/NSWIMOS Hollings/MacDonald w1 Dec09 w3 Dec09 Achieved Deployed on 28 October 2009 as per Node request Seaglider deployment NSWIMOS ANFOG/NSWIMOS MacDonald w3 Dec09 w4 Dec09 Achieved Deployed on 19 October Slocum deployment, SAIMOS ANFOG/SAIMOS Hollings w2 Jan10 w1 Feb10 Achieved Deployed on 10 February 2010 Slocum deployment, WAIMOS ANFOG/WAIMOS Stanley w3 Jan10 w2 Feb10 Achieved Deployed on 22 January 2010 Seaglider deployment, Bluewater ANFOG/Bluewater MacDonald w2 Feb10 w4 Jul10 Delete Glider unavailable ‐ due refurbishment delays Slocum deployment, WAIMOS ANFOG/WAIMOS Stanley w3 Feb10 w3 Mar10 Achieved Deployed on 18 February 2010 Slocum deployment, NSWIMOS ANFOG/NSWIMOS MacDonald w4 Feb10 w4 Mar10 Achieved Deployed on 9 March 2010 Seaglider deployment, SAIMOS ANFOG/SAIMOS Hollings w4 Feb10 w3 Aug10 Delayed Deployed on 26 May 2010 Seaglider deployment, WAIMOS ANFOG/WAIMOS Woo w4 Feb10 w4 Jun10 Delayed Deployed on 17 May 2010 Seaglider deployment NSWIMOS ANFOG/NSWIMOS MacDonald w2 Mar10 w2 Sep10 Delayed Deployed on 09 August 2010 Slocum deployment, WAIMOS ANFOG/WAIMOS Stanley w3 Mar10 w3 Apr10 Achieved Deployed on 26 March 2010 Slocum deployment, SAIMOS ANFOG/SAIMOS Hollings w4 Mar10 w4 Apr10 Delete Glider unavailable
APX A.4 NCRIS 04 ANFOG 41
Activity/Deployment/Location Responsible Responsible Person/ Start Finish Status Comments / Update Organisation(s) Support Staff Slocum deployment, WAIMOS ANFOG/WAIMOS Stanley w3 Apr10 w3 May10 Delete Glider unavailable Slocum deployment, NSWIMOS ANFOG/NSWIMOS Hollings w4 Apr10 w4 May10 Delete As per node request Seaglider deployment WAIMOS ANFOG/WAIMOS Woo w4 Apr10 w4 Jun10 Delayed Deployed on 10 August 2010 Slocum deployment, WAIMOS ANFOG/WAIMOS Stanley w3 w3 Jun10 Achieved Deployed on 7 May 2010 May10 Slocum deployment, SAIMOS ANFOG/SAIMOS Hollings/Stanley w2 Jun10 w3 Jul10 Delete Node had no funding for deployment Slocum deployment, WAIMOS ANFOG/WAIMOS Stanley w3 Jun10 w3 Jul10 Achieved Deployed on 28 June 2010
APX A.4 NCRIS 04 ANFOG 42
NCRIS Facility: Australian Autonomous Underwater Vehicle
Facility Leader: Stefan Williams, Sydney Institute of Marine Science (SIMS)
Contact details: Phone: 02 9351 8152 Email: [email protected]
Overview of status of Facility
Over the past year, the IMOS AUV Facility, operated through SIMS by the University of Sydney’s Australian Centre for Field Robotics, has continued to provide access to the AUV Sirius for high‐ resolution benthic survey work. The Facility has worked closely with a number of groups around the country, including TAFI, the University of Tasmania, AIMS, GA, UWA and CSIRO. Deployments during this period include survey work along the Eastern and Southern coasts of Tasmania, along the Western Australian coast from Rottnest Island to the Abrolhos Islands and at Scott Reef in WA. Details of recent deployments are included in this report.
Activities undertaken to establish and operate the infrastructure
An IMOS AUV Facility planning workshop was held at the end of August, 2009. The objectives of this workshop were to solicit input from representatives of the scientific community to shape a proposal for on‐going support of the IMOS AUV Facility. The focus of the workshop was on defining longer‐ term goals for the Facility in preparation for the next round of IMOS funding. Current users and those interested in considering AUV support for their marine science and management programs were invited to Sydney to share their experiences and to discuss the on‐going needs of the marine science community. The workshop was structured to provide attendees with an understanding of current and future capabilities in autonomous marine systems, as well as Australian and international examples of scientific use of autonomous platforms. With this information in mind, we solicited input to help characterize current and on‐going science drivers for AUV systems and define requirements for the extension and enhancement of the autonomous marine systems facility. We were particularly interested in clearly identifying and articulating the needs of the community and sought input at this forum to help us shape the future of the IMOS AUV Facility.
The workshop was well attended, with over 30 participants from institutions around the country including the IMOS Head Office, AIMS, GA, CSIRO, SIMS, TAFI, the Australian Antarctic Division, DSTO, the Navy Hydrographic Office, James Cook University, the University of New South Whales, the University of Queensland, the University of Sydney, the University of Tasmania, DEWHA and DECCW. The morning sessions consisted of presentations by groups operating AUVs around the country as well as scientific end users who reported on their experiences to date and outlined potential directions for future AUV operations. Following lunch, an open forum was held to discuss the scientific drivers for AUV use as part of sustained observing programs and the potential for these systems to be used for observing benthic/pelagic coupling linked to changing boundary currents. The need to establish a number of reference sites around the country to enable long‐term observations to be collected on biologically relevant scales was discussed. Better integration with IMOS Node scientific agendas and observations linked more closely to other IMOS Facilities were highlighted as a requisite for on‐going funding through IMOS. In response to these discussions, a proposal for integrated benthic ecology through the IMOS program was drafted and submitted as part of the call for extension and enhancement through EIF, with nodes in NSW, Tasmania, WA and Queensland including the AUV program in their scientific node plans.
Following the successful extension and enhancement of the IMOS AUV Facility funding, a planning meeting was held at SIMS in March 2010. The objective of the meeting was to finalize the survey
APX A.5 NCRIS 05 AUV 43 sites at locations around the country and to refine the sampling design to be used to achieve repeatable surveys. This meeting was attended by representatives from the IMOS AUV Facility, the University of Tasmania and TAFI, CSIRO, UNSW and UWA.
Deployments of the AUV during the 2009/2010 period covered by this report include: • Scott Reef, WA with AIMS, Temperate WA with UWA and CSIRO and the South and East coasts of Tasmania with TAFI and the University of Tasmania. • Scott Reef, WA (Heyward, Cooper, Radford, Colquhoun ‐ AIMS): The primary objective of work completed in July/August 2009 was to describe biological assemblages associated with deep coral reef systems at Scott Reef in WA. A significant proportion of South Scott Reef and the adjacent lagoon lies in waters between 30 m to 70 m deep that support a range of habitats similar to many of the submerged shoal systems strung along the edge of the continental shelf in the Timor Sea. The South Scott Reef lagoon covers 300 km^2 and is the largest area of this type observed on a single reef system in the NW region. Understanding the nature and dynamics of these deeper water areas will not only better describe the true extent of Australia’s tropical reef resources, but will contribute to a broader understanding of the overall resilience of coral reefs in the NW region. In order to produce an accurate, high resolution habitat map of the deeper reef waters and to establish viable deep water monitoring sites, high resolution acoustic mapping using digital mulitbeam from Geoscience Australia was completed in parallel with collecting georeferenced seabed images using the AUV Sirius and the existing AIMS towed video with high resolution stills systems. AUV deployments consisted of 19 dives over 12 days of operation onboard the R/V Solander using a mix of survey designs and illustrated the vehicle's reliability and versatility as a complementary habitat characterisation tool. On several occasions the vehicle operated beyond tracking range of the supporting vessel for extended periods facilitating the execution of other scientific objectives, particularly swath bathymetric mapping of the Scott Reef lagoon. • Temperate WA (Kendrick, Babcock, Smale): A cruise was undertaken in collaboration with the University of Western Australian and CSIRO to document benthic assemblages on temperate reefs off the coast of Western Australia in April, 2010. This cruise was the first in a 3 year series of IMOS AUV Facility cruises intended to establish a benthic habitat timeseries along the Eastern and Western coasts of Australia. The expectation is that these surveys will be repeated annually for at least the next two years. Surveys were conducted off Rottnest Island, Jurien Bay, and the Abrolhos Islands. Six sites were surveyed at each location spanning three depths (15 m, 25 m, 40 m), both inside and outside MPAs, with three 25 m x 25 m full photo coverage quadrants devoted to each site. Site locations targeted kelp beds and were provided by the science party. The locations of individual quadrants within each site were decided on‐site, based on bathymetric or depth sounder information. Additional scientific operations carried out during the cruise consisted of CTD casts, HOBO logger equipped moorings deployments, and SCUBA. • Southern and Eastern Tasmania (Barrett, Johnson): There are two elements to the IMOS AUV Facility activities in Tasmania, including sustained observation of the impacts of climate change on key reef species and understanding meso‐ and large‐scale physics as drivers of reef community structure and dynamics. The first AUV deployments associated with the new program of sustained observing supported through the EIF extension program were completed during 12 days of survey work in June 2010. Deployments were centered on coastal reefs in eastern Tasmania adjacent to the Freycinet Peninsula, extending from The Nuggets into the Freycinet MPA, and at sites along the Tasman Peninsula as well as in the South extending from coastal reefs at The Friars (SE Bruny Island) to the shelf break within the Huon MPA. A number of dives within the Freycinet MPA were located over sites surveyed in 2008 and 2009 providing the first opportunity to revisit a survey over a long time frame.
APX A.5 NCRIS 05 AUV 44 PERFORMANCE INDICATORS
Providing research infrastructure Details of new infrastructure There was no budget available for additional infrastructure for the period 2009/10. We continue to maintain the AUV and have made a number of minor modifications to streamline operations and keep the vehicle operating within specification.
List of data streams that are available for use in research Platform / Deployment Start Date Available Ocean Portal Whyalla Campaign 23/06/08 31/07/09* St Joseph Banks Campaign 15/06/08 31/07/09* Ningaloo Campaign 20/05/07 31/07/09* Tasmania Campaign 06/10/08 31/07/09* Tasmania Campaign (Tasman Peninsula) 23/03/09 11/08/10 Tasmania Campaign (Freycinet MPA and St Helens) 09/06/09 11/08/10 Scott Reef 22/07/09 10/01/09 Western Australia (Rottnest Island to the Abrolhos) 19/04/10 11/08/10 Tasmania (Bruny Island MPA to Freycinet MPA) 31/06/10 11/08/10 *Data made available on the Ocean Portal during 2009/10
We uploaded a complete copy of the Scott Reef data collected by the AUV to a staging area maintained by Intersect in October, 2009. This followed discussion with eMII concerning the format of the data and the mechanism for transferring data from the University of Sydney repository to IMOS. This data stayed in the staging area for a time before reaching the Ocean Portal. Data transfer issues have since been resolved. Data sets for temperate WA and Tasmania have also been uploaded to the staging area and are awaiting archiving and upload to the Ocean Portal. All datasets have been delivered to collaborators upon completing of AUV operations.
Outline the continuity of one key time series of data to be assessed against an appropriate benchmark for this facility. The nature of the AUV operations is such that we collect substantial amounts of data over a relatively short period during a particular campaign. Time series measurements will be assessed by revisiting particular sites at regular intervals to document change in benthic habitats and community composition over time. Tasmania – data collected as part of our trip to Tasmania is being assessed for its suitability as part of monitoring programs associated with Marine Parks in coastal and offshore regions of the state. A number of sites first surveyed in 2008 and 2009 were revisited as part of the latest Tasmania deployments in June 2010. Scott Reef – the objectives of the trip to Scott Reef were to collect data to be used as part of modeling work to assess the health and state of deep‐water coral reef communities. A number of sites were surveyed at high resolution, targeting particular features and along the interface between coral reef and sandy substrate. These will be monitored over time to document change in these habitats. It is anticipated that these sites will be revisited in the 2010/11 period in collaboration with AIMS. In Tasmania and at Scott Reef we demonstrated the ability of the vehicle to precisely re‐survey small patches of the seafloor up to 4000 m2 in size. We anticipate these data will prove valuable for monitoring change in these areas.
APX A.5 NCRIS 05 AUV 45 Meeting researcher needs Ongoing and new research projects and postgraduate students using IMOS data: • Machine Assisted, Multi‐scale Spatial and Temporal Observation and Modelling of Marine Benthic Habitats, University of Sydney, Dr. Stefan B. Williams, Dr. Maria Byrne, Dr. Will Figueira, Dr. Neville Barrett, July 2010‐June2013, ARC Super Science Fellowship, Partner Institution: University of Tasmania • Effects of climate change on temperate benthic assemblages on the continental shelf in eastern Australia, University of Tasmania, Prof. Craig Johnson, Dr. Neil Holbrook, Dr. Neville Barrett, Prof. Peter Steinberg, July 2011‐June 2014, ARC Super Science Fellowship, Partner Institution: University of New South Wales • Cost‐effective autonomous systems for large scale monitoring of marine protected areas, University of Sydney, Dr. Oscar Pizarro, Dr. Stefan B. Williams, Dr. Michael Jakuba, Dr. Ryan Eustice, Prof. Louis Whitcomb, Jan. 2010‐Dec. 2014, ARC Discovery Project and QEII Fellowship, Partner Institutions: University of Michigan and Johns Hopkins University • Autonomous Exploration and Characterization of Benthic Habitats Linked to Oceanographic Processes, Dr. Stefan B. Williams, Jan. 2008‐Dec.2010, ARC Discovery Project • Autonomous repeatable surveys for long term monitoring of marine habitats, University of Sydney, Dr. Stefan B. Williams, Dr. Oscar Pizarro, Dr. Michael Jakuba, June 2010‐June 2013, ARC Linkage Project, Industry Partner: Thales Australia Pty. Ltd. • Surrogates Project, CERF Biodiversity Hub, University of Tasmania, Dr. Neville Barrett, Dr. Vanessa Lucieer, Dr. Nicole Hill, Partner Institutions: Geoscience Australia • Population dynamics of the long‐spined sea urchin, University of Tasmania, Prof. Craig Johnson, Dr. Scott Ling, Partner Institutions: University of Sydney and Fisheries Research and Development Corporation • WA Kelp Habitat Mapping, University of Western Australia, Prof. Gary Kendrick, Dr. Russ Babcock, Dr. Daniel Smale, Partner Institutions: • East Coast Kelp Habitat Mapping, University of Tasmania, University of New South Wales, CSIRO, Prof. Craig Johnson, Dr. Neville Barrett, Prof. Peter Steinberg, Dr. Russ Babcock, Partner Institutions: DECCW, DEWHA • Scott Reef Habitat Mapping, AIMS, Dr. Ben Radford, Dr. Andrew Heyward, Mr. Jamie Colqhoun, Dr. Cordelia Moore, Partner Institutions: University of Sydney and Geoscience Australia
Postgraduate research projects: University of Sydney • PhD, Large‐Scale Multi‐Sensor 3D Reconstructions and Visualisations of Unstructured Underwater Environments, University of Sydney, Aug. 2005‐Nov. 2009, Supervisors: Dr. Stefan B. Williams and Dr. Oscar Pizarro • PhD, Bathymetric simultaneous localisation and mapping, Stephen Barkby, University of Sydney, Mar. 2007‐Mar. 2011, Supervisors: Dr. Stefan B. Williams and Dr. Oscar Pizarro • PhD, Water Column Current Profile Aided Localisation for Autonomous Underwater Vehicles, Lashika Medagoda, University of Sydney, Mar. 2008‐Mar.2012, Supervisors: Dr. Stefan B. Williams and Dr. Michael Jakuba • PhD, Rugosity, Slope and Aspect from Bathymetric Stereo Image Reconstructions, Ariell Friedman, University of Sydney, Mar. 2009‐Mar. 2013, Supervisors: Dr. Stefan B. Williams and Dr. Oscar Pizarro • PhD, Autonomous habitat classification using Gaussian Mixture Models, Daniel Steinberg, University of Sydney, Mar. 2009‐Mar. 2013, Supervisors: Dr. Stefan B. Williams, Dr. Oscar Pizarro and Dr. Michael Jakuba • PhD, Adaptive Exploration Of Benthic Habitats Using Gaussian Processes, Asher Bender, University of Sydney, Mar. 2009‐Mar. 2013, Supervisors: Dr. Stefan B. Williams and Dr. Michael Jakuba
APX A.5 NCRIS 05 AUV 46 • PhD, Learning Predictive Habitat Models using Bathymetry, Seabed Terrain Features and Optical Imagery, Nasir Ahsan, University of Sydney, Mar. 2009‐Mar. 2013, Supervisors: Dr. Stefan B. Williams, Dr. Oscar Pizarro and Dr. Michael Jakuba • PhD, Heterogeneous Multiple Agent Planning for Autonomous Underwater Operations, Lachlan Toohey, University of Sydney, Mar. 2010‐Mar. 2014, Supervisors: Dr. Stefan B. Williams and Dr. Michael Jakuba • PhD, Light Field Processing and its Application to Autonomous Underwater Vehicle Navigation, Donald Dansereau, University of Sydney, Mar. 2010‐Mar. 2014, Supervisors: Dr. Stefan B. Williams and Dr. Oscar Pizarro
University of Tasmania ‐ PhD, Non‐extractive monitoring of biodiversity on temperate Australian deepwater reefs: Using advanced vision‐processing techniques to develop and test reliable biodiversity metrics, Jan Seiler, CSIRO and the University of Tasmania, July 2008‐July 2011, Supervisor: Dr. Neville Barrett, Dr. Alan Williams and Dr. Neil Holbrook
James Cook University ‐ PhD, Habitats and Ecological Communities on the deep Great Barrier Reef, Tom Bridge, James Cook University, July 2007‐Dec. 2010, Supervisors: Dr. Scott Smithers, Dr. Jody Webster, Dr. Robin Beaman, Dr. Terry Done (AIMS)
Quality of research infrastructure Benchmark against other similar overseas infrastructure While the quality of the imagery collected by the IMOS AUV Facility is comparable or superior to that of other world‐class infrastructure overseas, our high‐resolution stereo imagery and three‐ dimensional reconstructions are unparalleled in terms of size (area covered), geo‐referencing accuracy, consistency and quality of the imagery and maturity of the data processing pipeline.
Our ability to process the large volumes of data while at sea provides the scientific party with immediate feedback with which to plan further dives. Examples of vehicles overseas that are also designed to collect imagery of the seafloor and that routinely participate in scientific expeditions include: WHOI SeaBED vehicle – the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution continue to operate their SeaBED vehicles from which the Sirius AUV is derived. They have recently added a pair of vehicles capable of operating to in excess of 4500m and have deployed these in support of various oceanographic expeditions, including searching for hydrothermal vents in the Arctic and on the Mid‐ Atlantic Ridge and in Puerto Rico documenting deep‐water coral communities. They operate on the order of the same number of deployments per year as is currently being achieved by the IMOS AUV Facility.
ABE and Sentry – These vehicles operate in conjunction with the National Deep Submergence Facility (NDSF) at WHOI. They are intended primarily for deep bathymetric mapping off the continental shelf but are also capable of generating seafloor photomosaics. The optical imaging expertise of IMOS AUV facility leaders has been recognised by their inclusion in a NASA ASTEP program with researchers from the NDSF that will require enhancements to the imaging systems of these vehicles. Both ABE and Sentry are substantially larger and require significantly more logistical support to deploy.
Fostering Collaborative development of infrastructure Participation in international programs collecting similar data streams • Drs Williams, Pizarro and Jakuba are Guest Investigators at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Astrobiology Science and Technology for Exploring Planets (ASTEP) program “Autonomous Exploration, Discovery, and Sampling of Life in Extreme Deep Sea Environments:” Drs. Williams, Pizarro, and Jakuba are
APX A.5 NCRIS 05 AUV 47 formal collaborators on this program administered by WHOI. Drs. Pizarro and Jakuba participated in a month‐long cruise with the Sentry AUV to the Santa Barbara Basin methane seep sites in support of this program in September 2009. • Hybrid Remotely Operated Vehicle Nereus sea trials and deployments: Dr. Michael Jakuba continues to be actively involved in the development of this unique full‐ocean depth (11,000 m) light‐tethered vehicle. He participated in the first dives with the vehicle to the Mariana Trench in May 2009 and if follow‐up work exploring for hydrothermal vents in the Cayman trough in Sept/Oct 2009. Dr. Jakuba has been involved in the design of vehicle control systems and has also developed methods for semi‐supervised control of the vehicle while it is underway. • Gulf of Mexico Autonomous Underwater Vehicle and CTD plume characterisation: Dr. Michael Jakuba was invited to participate in survey work in the Gulf of Mexico aimed at documenting the submerged plume being created by the Deepwater Horizon spill. The cruise involved CTD and submersible mass spectrometer casts in addition to AUV dives aimed at mapping the extent of the underwater footprint of oil. • WHOI/Liquid jungle: Dr. Pizarro has led work on diver‐based quantitative stereo imaging of coral reef habitats with collaborators at WHOI and WHOI's Panamanian tropical research station Liquid Jungle. In 2010 Dr. Pizarro joined colleagues for the WHOI and the University of Girona to deploy a high resolution, diver held imaging system to document coral habitats. • Institute for Exploration/University of Rhode Island deep sea archaeology: Dr. Oscar Pizarro, Mr. Ariell Friedman and Mr. Daniel Steinberg participated in the deployment of various deep sea imaging and excavation assets in June/July 2010 in support of the discovery and archaeological excavation of Roman era shipwrecks in the Mediterranean. The data processing pipeline being used to generate high resolution three dimension seafloor models for IMOS has been adapted to yield similar models of ancient shipwrecks and hydrothermal vents using data collected by the URI Remotely Operated Vehicles. Feedback on the quality and efficiency of processing these datasets has been extremely positive. • Marine Archaeological survey: Dr. Oscar Pizarro, Dr. Ian Mahon and Dr. Matthew Johnson‐ Roberson (currently a postdoctoral fellow at KTH in Sweden) have been involved in archaeological survey work in Greece examining submerged neolithic settlements. These settlements, now in 1‐3m of water, have been surveyed using a high‐resolution diver held imaging system based on the imaging system of the Sirius AUV used to support IMOS AUV work.
Fostering interdisciplinary and world‐class research List of publications using IMOS data: Scholarly book chapters • S.B. Williams, O. Pizarro, I. Mahon & M. Johnson‐Roberson. "Simultaneous localisation and mapping and dense stereoscopic seafloor reconstruction using an AUV". In G. Pappas, V. Kumar & O. Khatib (eds), Experimental Robotics XI: The Eleventh International Symposium, 54: 407– 416, Springer, Berlin, 2009.
Refereed journal articles • P. Rigby, S.B. Williams and O. Pizarro, “Towards Adaptive Benthic Habitat Mapping using Gaussian Process Classification”, Journal of Field Robotics, accepted 07/06/2010 • T. Bridge, T. Done, R. Beaman, A. Friedman, S.B. Williams, O. Pizarro and J. Webster, “Topography, substratum and benthic macrofaunal relationships on a tropical mesophotic shelf margin, Great Barrier Reef, Australia”, Coral Reefs, revision submitted 10/06/10 • S.B. Williams, O. Pizarro, J. Webster, R. Beaman, I. Mahon, M. Johnson‐Roberson and T. Bridge, “AUV‐assisted surveying of drowned reefs on the shelf edge of the Great Barrier Reef, Australia”, Journal of Field Robotics, 27(5):675‐697 • D. Steinberg, A. Bender, A. Friedman, M. Jakuba, O. Pizarro & S.B. Williams. "Analysis of propulsion methods for long range AUVs", Martine Technology Society Journal, 44(2):46‐55.
APX A.5 NCRIS 05 AUV 48 • M. Johnson‐Roberson, O. Pizarro & S.B. Williams. "Generation and visualization of large scale 3D reconstructions from underwater robotic surveys", Journal of Field Robotics, 27(1):21–51, January/February 2010
Refereed full conference papers S.B. Williams, O. Pizarro, M. Jakuba, I. Mahon, S.D. Ling & C.R. Johnson. "Repeated AUV surveying of urchin barrens in North Eastern Tasmania", Proceedings of the IEEE 2010 International Conference on Robotics and Automation, pp 293 ‐ 299, Anchorage, USA, May 2010 Rao, D. & Williams, S.B. "Large‐scale path planning for underwater gliders in ocean currents", Proceedings of the 2009 Australasian Conference on Robotics and Automation, 8 pp., Sydney, Australia, December 2009. Barkby, S.A., Williams, S.B., Pizarro, O. & Jakuba, M. "An efficient approach to bathymetric SLAM", Proceedings of the IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems, pp. 2525– 2530, St Louis, USA, October 2009. S.B. Williams, O. Pizarro, M. Jakuba & N. Barrett. "AUV benthic habitat mapping in south eastern Tasmania", Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Field and Service Robotics, 10 pp., Cambridge, USA, July 2009.
Conference papers, extended abstract review B. Radford ,O. Pizarro, J. Colquhoun, C. Moore , S.B. Williams, M. Jakuba, T. Cooper, A. Heyward, M. Sexton, S. Burq, "Predictive habitat mapping of deep water coral reefs using data from Multibeam and AUV machine auto‐classified data and an Ecological Modelling approach", Euro ISRS conference, Nov. 2010 A. Bender, S.B. Williams, O. Pizarro and M. Jakuba, "Adaptive Exploration Of Benthic Habitats Using Gaussian Processes", Proceedings of MTS/IEEE Oceans 2010, Seattle, USA, Oct, 2010 (accepted June 2010) N. Ahsan, M. Jakuba, O. Pizarro, S.B. Williams and B. Radford, "Learning Predictive Habitat Models using Bathymetry, Seabed Terrain Features and Optical Imagery", Proceedings of MTS/IEEE Oceans 2010, Seattle, USA, Oct, 2010 (accepted June 2010) D. Steinberg, O. Pizarro, S.B. Williams & M.V. Jakuba. "Dirichlet process mixture models for autonomous habitat classification", Proceedings of IEEE Oceans 2010, Sydney, Australia, May, 2010. A. Friedman, O. Pizarro & S.B. Williams. "Rugosity, slope and aspect from bathymetric Stereo image reconstructions", Proceedings of IEEE Oceans 2010, Sydney, Australia, May, 2010 (winner best student poster competition) L. Medagoda, M.V. Jakuba, O. Pizarro & S.B. Williams. "Water column current profile aided localisation for autonomous underwater vehicles", Proceedings of IEEE Oceans 2010, Sydney, May 2010, (third prize student poster competition) M. Jakuba, O. Pizarro & S.B. Williams. "High resolution, consistent navigation and 3D optical reconstructions from AUVs using magnetic compasses and pressure‐based depth sensors", Proceedings of IEEE Oceans 2010, Sydney, Australia, May 2010. N. Barrett, J. Seiler, T. Anderson, S.B. Williams, S. Nichol & N. Hill. "Using an autonomous underwater vehicle to inform management of biodiversity in shelf waters", Proceedings of IEEE Oceans 2010, Sydney, Australia, May 2010. O. Pizarro, S.B. Williams, J. Colquhoun, C. Moore, "Image‐based habitat classification and analysis using generative models", Geohab 2010, Wellington, New Zealand, May 2010 A. Friedman, O. Pizarro, S.B. Williams, "Towards Automated Classification of Benthic Environments using Rugosity, Slope and Aspect from Bathymetric Stereo Image Reconstructions", Geohab 2010, Wellington, New Zealand, May 2010 V. Lucieer et al, "Object based segmentation of multibeam backscatter data: methods for spatial analysis of shallow coastal seabeds, South Eastern Tasmania, Australia", Geohab 2010, Wellington, New Zealand, May 2010
APX A.5 NCRIS 05 AUV 49 J. Colquhoun, O. Pizarro, A. Heyward, M. Rees, S.B. Williams, R. O’Leary, B. Radford, "Habitat‐based assessment of epibenthos using AUV Optical imagery, northwest Australia", Geohab 2010, Wellington, New Zealand, May 2010 O. Pizarro, J. Colquhoun, C. Moore, B. Radford, S.B. Williams, M. Jakuba, and A. Heyward, "Automated Benthic Habitat Classification from Optical Imagery", EOS Trans, AGU, 91(26), Ocean Sci. Meet. Suppl., Portland OR, USA, Feb 2010 S.A. Barkby, S.B. Williams, O. Pizarro & M. Jakuba. Incorporating prior bathymetric maps with distributed particle bathymetric SLAM for improved AUV navigation and mapping. Proceedings of OCEANS 2009 MTS/IEE Biloxi Conference and Exhibition, 7 pp., Biloxi, USA, October, 2009. D. Steinberg, A. Bender, A. Friedman, "Analysis of propulsion methods for long range AUVs", International Symposium on Unmanned Untethered Submersible Technology (UUST), Durham NH, USA, Aug. 2009
Details of public seminars held in relation to this facility • "IMOS AUV Facility Update", Sydney Institute for Marine Science, May 2010, NSW IMOS Community meeting • "Simultaneous Localisation and Mapping and Dense Stereoscopic Seafloor Reconstruction using an AUV", University of Southern California, April, 2010, open forum • "Simultaneous Localisation and Mapping and Dense Stereoscopic Seafloor Reconstruction using an AUV", Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, Dr. Stefan B. Williams, May 2010, invited seminar for MBARI research personnel and Marine Science and Technology Foundation members • Dr. Michael Jakuba, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Sept. 2009, invited seminar for Deep Submergence Lab • "Simultaneous Localisation and Mapping and Dense Stereoscopic Seafloor Reconstruction using an AUV", University of Queensland, Dr. Michael Jakuba and Dr. Stefan B. Williams, Aug. 2009, invited seminar for Centre for Marine Studies and the Centre for Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Science • "Simultaneous Localisation and Mapping and Dense Stereoscopic Seafloor Reconstruction using an AUV", Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, July 2009, invited seminar for HCMR researchers
Details of participation in other conferences, symposia or workshops in relation to this facility • "Autonomous Underwater Vehicle monitoring of benthic reference sites", 2010 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS 2010) Workshop on Robotics for Environmental Monitoring (WREM2010) ‐ accepted 25/07/10 • Autonomous Underwater Vehicle workshop, follow up meeting for IEEE Oceans 2010, Australian Centre for Field Robotics, May 2010, workshop organized by Dr. Stefan B. Williams, Dr. Oscar Pizarro and Dr. Michael Jakuba • "Autonomous Underwater Vehicle Support for Marine Science Projects around Australia", Dr. Stefan B. Williams, Society for Underwater Technology and Australian Hydrographic Office Autonomous Underwater Vehicle Symposium, Perth WA, Oct. 2009, invited speaker • "Australia's Integrated Marine Observing System Autonomous Underwater Vehicle Facility", OceanObs '09, Venice, Italy, Sept 2009, poster presentation • IMOS AUV Facility Planning workshop, Sydney Institute for Marine Science, Aug. 2009, organized by Dr. Stefan B. Williams, Dr. Oscar Pizarro and Dr. Michael Jakuba • "Simultaneous Localisation and Mapping and Dense Stereoscopic Seafloor Reconstruction using an AUV", Dr. Oscar Pizarro, Lerici, Italy, July 2009, invited talk at ONR workshop on Machine Intelligence
APX A.5 NCRIS 05 AUV 50 2009/10 Implementation Plan – Deployments
Activity/Deployment/Location Responsible Responsible Start Status Organisation(s) Person/Support Staff Tasmania (Freycinet Peninsula) TAFI, U Tas Dr. Neville March 09 Achieved Barrett, Prof. Craig Johnson South Australia (Du Couedic SARDI Dr. David Currie, June 09 Delete Canyon/GAB Marine Park) Dr. Tim Ward Western Australia (Rottnest CSIRO, Dr. Cedric Griffith, Mid 09 Delete Ship Graveyard) WA Museum Dr. Corioli Souter Western Australia (Scott Reef AIMS WA Dr. Andrew July 2009 Achieved and Kimberly Coast) Heyward, Dr. Peter Doherty Queensland (GBR Canyons) AIMS Dr. Peter Doherty Sept. 09 Delete Queensland (Fresh water AIMS/JCU Dr. Thomas Sept. 09 Delete outflows on the Great Barrier Stieglitz Reef) Queensland (One Tree Island SIMS, U Syd Prof. Maria Sept. 09 Delete and Heron Island) Byrne, Dr. Jody Webster Western Australia (Rottnest UWA Prof. Gary April 2010 Achieved Island to Abrolhos) Kendrick, Dr. Russ Babcock Tasmania (Bruny Island to TAFI Dr. Neville Barrett June 2010 Achieved Freycinet MPA) New South Wales DECCW Dr. Alan Jordan Nov 2010 In Progress Victoria (Marine Parks) Parks Vic. Dr. Steffan Howe TBA In Progress
Note: Please see section ‘Activities undertaken to establish and operate the infrastructure’ which provides further detail on the actual deployments in 2009/10. For those marked above with Status = Deleted, this was due to unavailability of vessels. The additional deployments done were: Activity/Deployment/Location Responsible Responsible Start Status Organisation(s) Person/Support Staff Western Australia (Rottnest UWA Prof. Gary April 2010 Achieved Island to Abrolhos) Kendrick, Dr. Russ Babcock Tasmania (Bruny Island to TAFI Dr. Neville Barrett June 2010 Achieved Freycinet MPA) SE Queensland (Stradbroke CSIRO Dr. Russ Babcock TBA In Progress Island) Western Australia (Scott Reef AIMS WA Dr. Andrew Feb 2011 In Progress and Kimberly Coast) Heyward, Dr. Peter Doherty
APX A.5 NCRIS 05 AUV 51 NCRIS Facility: Australian National Mooring Network (ANMN)
Facility Leader: Tim Lynch, CSIRO
Contact details: Phone: 03 6232 5239 Email: [email protected]
Sub‐Facilities 6a Queensland and Craig AIMS 07 4753 4444 [email protected] Northern Australia Steinberg Moorings (QLD & NA) 6b New South Wales Moninya UNSW 02 9385 7067 [email protected] Moorings (NSW) Roughan 6c South Australia John SARDI 08 8207 5449 [email protected]. Moorings (SA) Middleton au 6d Western Australia Ming Feng CSIRO 08 9333 6512 [email protected] Moorings (WA) 6e Acoustic Observations Rob Curtin 08 9266 7460 [email protected]. McCauley edu.au 6f National Reference Tim Lynch CSIRO 03 6232 5239 [email protected] Stations (NRS) Note: Please see Appendix B.4 for the EIF work done in 2009/10 by ANMN.
Overview of status of Facility I am pleased to present an NCRIS report for The Australian National Mooring Network that details an IMOS Facility which is functioning well and achieving its milestones. In the 2009/10 year the Mooring Network has moved to finalise the NRCIS deployments, completed repeated servicing of moorings and up‐loaded data to eMII. The Mooring Network now has the majority of its infrastructure in the water and well developed hydrographic sampling and analysis laboratories. All of the sub‐facilities are returning extensive and ongoing data streams. The large amount of preliminary data now freely available to researchers has been a significant breakthrough. I am proud to report a strong level of collaboration, mutual support and information sharing between collaborating institutions. In particular the NRS have provided a strong integrating force between the various Australian marine institutions and workplaces.
• The major difficulty faced by the Facility is resourcing and coordinating Quality Control (QC) and Quality Assurance (QA) of data. The Facility’s strategy for improving QC will be to centralise development and management of the Matlab toolbox at eMII with liaison to the user group. Brad Morris (NSW), Charles James (SA) and Craig Steinberg (AIMS) have in particular worked on national protocols as well as contributing extensively to the development of the IMOS data toolbox. The focus for QA will be the development of methological reports and papers from the preliminary data streams to enable peer review. • There have been minor changes to the project plan and a small number of moorings have either been lost or delayed in deployment. These should be seen primarily as a consequence of the scale of the Facility and the normal risks and challenges of research in the marine environment. • The eight NCRIS funded NRS are now all instrumented and are returning data to eMII. The Maria Island and Darwin NRS are now both telemetring data, with Maria having a near continuous data stream since April 2009. Hydrographic sampling has also been established at all sites ‐ excluding Ningaloo ‐ and analysed processed data is now also available. The NRS Zooplankton central laboratory at Cleveland (CSIRO) has developed innovated QC and QA procedures, a highly functional database and is also working on an "Atlas of Australian Zooplankton".
APX A.6 NCRIS 06 ANMN 52 • All mooring deployment/retrievals for the South Australian sub‐facility have been successful with 100% data return. Field survey work for biogeochemical sampling is now also becoming routine and all data is loaded into eMII after QC and QA. • All passive acoustic receivers are in place, with grids of four loggers off: Perth Canyon (grid centre 31 53’ S, 115 00’E); Portland (grid centre 38 32’ S, 141 14’ E), off Cape Hawke in NSW (centre grid 32 18’ S, 152 56’ E). Data is in hand and has been delivered to iVEC in Perth from the Perth Canyon 2008‐2009 and Portland 2009 moorings. • All of the three Western Australian mooring arrays ‐ NRS at Rottnest, Esperance and Ningaloo, the Perth Canyons and the Two Rocks Transect are deployed and have returned data following routine mooring servicing. A recurring difficulty is the loss of the deeper moorings (500m) ‐ possible via interactions with deep sea trawlers ‐ which then need to be tracked and recovered. • Highlights for the NSW sub‐facility are two arrays permanently instrumented at Coffs Harbour and Sydney/ Port Hacking. NSW now has data being returned from 5 IMOS moorings, as well as the Ocean Reference Station as an in kind contribution. The moorings are 2 at Coffs Harbour, 2 Sydney, 1 Port Hacking. We also have monthly hydrographic sampling being conducted at Port Hacking. Much data is now available on the Ocean Portal and considerable effort has gone into the processing for QC and QA and delivery of data to eMII. We have had challenges with the Jervis Bay mooring. It was lost twice in 2009 and ADFA have not been able to re‐deploy the mooring since it was lost in Sept 2009.
Activities undertaken to establish and operate the infrastructure: 6a Queensland and Northern Australia • The GBROOS Moorings array continues to operate routinely providing data streams from 8 moorings that are serviced every 6 months. Three years of data have been quality assured and are available through the eMII Ocean Portal. Staffing has stabilised with 2 new oceanographic technicians joining the team, which has allowed more flexibility and ability to maintain and deliver the data streams. • We have suffered a loss of a mooring, GBRLSL, with remnants subsequently being located. The mooring was replaced with spares from the AIMS instrument pool and we have successfully made an insurance claim to replace the instrumentation. • Data from the GBROOS moorings and FAIMMS weather were used to help understand the regional circulation during the grounding of the Shen Neng at Douglas Shoal in the Southern Great Barrier Reef. A confidential report was delivered to GBRMPA (Negri et al, 2010).
6b New South Wales • Coffs Harbour: We have had a number of technical difficulties with the CH moorings, which resulted in a redesign of the mooring system. Our operators (MHL) are now confident that the new design will enable the deployment of the moorings in the strong currents that are experienced off the CH coastline. The re‐design resulted in a period of down time in Nov/Dec 2009, however data recovery has been fairly consistent in Jan – Jun 2010. There were some issues with incorrect temperature sampling frequency in March‐ June 2010, but this has now been resolved. A number of instruments were lost, possibly as a result of trawling (12 temperature loggers), also an ADCP leaked. These instruments, however, are covered under NSW government insurance and claims have been submitted to replace the instruments. • Port Hacking 100 NRS: Off Port Hacking, we have successfully maintained a NRS mooring since mid 2009. We have instrumented it progressively with thermistors and now a WQM is also present 20m sub surface. To date we have not experienced instrument loss at this site, which was originally considered to be of high risk from trawler and boat interactions. • Sydney: We have had relatively good data return from this site over the past 12 months, which extends the IMOS record at SYD 100 and SYD140 to 2 years of data collection.
APX A.6 NCRIS 06 ANMN 53 • Data QC&QA: Considerable effort has gone into the processing and QA/QC of the data. A national team has formed to work on national QA/QC protocols. Issues around national standardisation with QA/QC have delayed the delivery of some data and have also meant that the entire data set will need to be reprocessed. Reprocessing has already occurred on a number of occasions as protocols are established and bugs in the tool box are ironed out. • ORS Data: Procedures are now in place to receive the ORS data (in kind) each month after the mooring servicing. The data is processed at UNSW, and converted to eMII formats before being up‐loaded. The ownership/disclaimer statements are now in place so that the data can be accessed from the Ocean Portal. • Wave Rider Buoy data: Data from this mooring is in the process of being transferred to eMII as an in‐kind contribution to IMOS by NSW DECCW. It has taken some time to get this process underway, but in the past 12 months we have had success. Andrew Walsh has been employed by eMII in Sydney to undertake this process. Presently we have transferred the data from 2007 to 2009 for one site only (Sydney) and we are now in the process of obtaining, formatting and transferring the data from the other 6 sites for the same time period.
6c South Australia • Activities undertaken to operate the infrastructure: The mooring locations have been relabeled since the last report. Thus Mooring M1 is now labeled SAM1DS, mooring M2 SAM2CP etc. The deployment schedule is broadly as described in the 2009/2010 ABP. • Key Appointments: Shaun Byrnes employed full time (September 2009) to assist with SAIMOS moorings and glider deployments.
6d Western Australia • In WA, two NRS stations have been established at Rottnest and Esperance. Shelf moorings at both stations have been deployed at ~50 m water depth and hydrographic sampling have been carried out 4 times a year at Esperance and 12 times a year at Rottnest. The sampling operations at the Rottnest NRS were initially sporadic but now the situation is much improved. • Two shelf mooring arrays have been deployed off Perth, one is the cross‐shelf array off Two Rocks and the other is in the Perth Canyon, with a total of 8 shelf moorings, with continual operations. Two RBR CTD flurometers have been purchased for the shelf moorings, to take place in the planned WQMs sensors on the moorings. • The WA mooring group was understaffed, with one electronic technician, Ian Darby. A deckhand/sampler, Ryan Crossing was allocated (0.75 FTE) to assist with the WA moorings and sampling. The operations are still also relying on casual staff (Mark Snell at 0.5 FTE) and sometimes volunteers from CSIRO. This has been working well, but there needs to be a long term strategy as we still feel this is understaffed considering the extent of the arrays. • All WA NRS and mooring data have delivered to eMII in time, but there are quality control issues, as the IMOS toolbox doesn't handle some instrument data well (such as some RBR sensors) and some data have not been scientifically QC'ed. It will be an on‐going effort to ensure that all data have research quality. Mr Dirk Slawinski from CSIRO has been allocated 0.2 FTE to assist in data QC /QA.
6e Acoustic Observations • The Perth Canyon sea noise logger grid was recovered on 07‐Nov‐2009 and re‐deployed on 13‐ Nov‐2009. Two of the four loggers recovered had excellent data, one had its hydrophone missing (ripped off during deployment) and one had failed. Four loggers were re‐deployed on the 13‐ Nov‐2009 in the same grid configuration. These are due for turnover in July 2010. • The Portland sea noise logger grid was recovered on 05‐Feb‐2010 and re‐deployed on the 07‐ Feb‐2010. The four noise loggers recovered all had data. Only three noise loggers were re‐ deployed as one would not re‐start on servicing. Temperature loggers (Aquatech) were placed
APX A.6 NCRIS 06 ANMN 54 on all seabed mounted noise loggers and on the three outer moorings at the top of the sub‐sea buoy strings (45 m off the seabed, water depth ~ 160 m). These loggers are due for turnaround in October to November 2010. • A grid of four sea noise loggers was deployed ESE of Cape Hawke, on the NSW coast on 09‐Feb‐ 2010. These are due for turnaround in October to November 2010.
6f National Reference Stations (NRS) • Responsibility for the Ningaloo NRS has been transferred from CSIRO to AIMS, allowing the continuity of data collection, which has been maintained by AIMS at the site since 1997. • As part of the IMOS conference of February 2010 a NRS scientific steering committee was formed with an agreed terms of reference, one of which was to review the scientific rationale for the NRS. A draft scientific rationale for the NRS has since been developed which was endorsed by members of the committee who meet at the University of Wollongong on the 9th of July. • Key appointments: Mr Brendon Dando, an electronics technician, was employed full time (January 2010) to build capacity in South East Queensland for the deployment of the North Stradbroke Island NRS and the South East Queensland regional array. • The Darwin NRS was upgraded from a subsurface mooring to a real time surface meteorological buoy in February 2010 and upgraded again in June 2010 to real time currents through EIF funding. • The Yongala NRS continues to operate as a delayed mode data stream to be upgraded to real time currents and pCO2 in August 2010. • Promotional activity: The proposed functions of the NRS system were also presented by Dr Lynch at the 2010 AMSA conference and were well received.
Additional activities undertaken: 6b New South Wales Due to the challenges with the Jervis Bay site mentioned above, we have decided that it is not viable to continue this mooring as a sustained observing site. We will instead re‐locate the mooring further to the south to be deployed in parallel with the final south coast mooring. This was the original intention when the project plan was written in 2007, prior to the offer of ADFA to operate the Jervis Bay mooring. Hence this plan is seen to be equally as important scientifically, and will contribute to the program.
6c South Australia After discussions with the IMOS Office in February 2010, it was decided that both the Investigator Strait mooring SAM6IS and the easternmost mooring SAM4CY would be discontinued. In addition, the deep shelf mooring (SAM1DS) was to be shifted to the N.W. as SAM7DS, so as to form a cross‐ shelf array with a new (200m isobath) mooring SAM3MS and the NRSKAI.
6d Western Australia The two WA NRS moorings have had two extra thermistor sensors added to each so that the vertical temperature structure can be better resolved.
6e Acoustic Observations The only deviation from the expected plan was that the NSW passive acoustic observatory was deployed north of Sydney, as opposed to off Sydney as initially proposed. This change was due several factors, notably: a decision to have the logger grid on a similar latitude to the Perth Canyon grid (they are 18 n mile apart on latitude); availability of a suitable fishing vessel; to locate an area free of commercial trawling to ensure the grid would not end up in a fishing boat net; and to be away from undersea cables (there are several off Sydney).
APX A.6 NCRIS 06 ANMN 55 6f National Reference Stations (NRS) The Dampier NRS mooring was relocated to Ningaloo and responsibility and assets transferred from CSIRO to AIMS. This was done for a number of reasons. First the science rationale for Ningaloo was stronger, with an already established time series from 1997, an established Marine Park adjacent to the area and strong biological and associated social and economic activity being driven by regional oceanographic processes. Logistics played a secondary role, with AIMS already having a supply chain established to the site.
While most preliminary hydrographic data has now been loaded onto the eMII website there are a number of issues. First the cost of the centralised processing was modeled to be too high to be sustainable. Second, centralised up‐load of data from multiple sources has resulted in bottlenecks. Third, the biological data from the hydrographic sampling ‐ that is the phyto and zooplankton data ‐ is being displayed in a manner that raises the risk of degraded QC and is difficult to compile for analysis.
Agreed activities not completed: 6b New South Wales We have been delayed on the deployment of the Eden/Bateman’s mooring pair. This is partly due to the failures at Jervis Bay, and partly due to the slow installation of the Coffs Harbour moorings.
6c South Australia The monthly hydrographic sampling at KAI NRS is being undertaken at 8 rather than 12 per year due to ship availability.
6d Western Australia The Rottnest NRS station was not sampled every month in 2009, as there were issues with staffing and ship availability. No physical sampling at the Ningaloo NRS has occurred due to un‐sustainable costs estimates.
6f National Reference Stations (NRS) After discussion with the IMOS office the goal of telemetry from all NRS was dropped, with a sub‐set of telemetering sites identified: Maria, Yongala, North Stradbroke Island and Darwin. Development of telemetery from the NRS ADCPs was also halted. AIMS have, however, completed development of an ADCP telemetry system for their Darwin NRS.
Remedial action proposed, including timeframes: 6b New South Wales The Jervis Bay mooring will be replaced by a mooring pair on the far couth coast. We have commenced the site selection, requested the instruments purchased by ADFA be returned to the sub‐facility, and have begun additional instrument purchase.
6d Western Australia The consistency of hydrographic sampling for the NRS at Esperance and Rottnest have been improved by delegation of responsibility for collecting these samples to a single officer, Ryan Crossing, who is funded by the WA sub‐facility.
At the July 2010 NRS scientific steering committee meeting, an agreement was reached between CSIRO and AIMS to share the costs of 4 hydrographic samples to be taken at Ningaloo. AIMS will sample during the 6 monthly mooring turn arounds, while CSIRO will sample in between these samples. Further discussions are required with the WA sub‐facility on this issue.
APX A.6 NCRIS 06 ANMN 56 It has been agreed between the IMOS staff and the ship operator that communication is the key for successful IMOS operation. The operational nature of IMOS deployments has been better conveyed to ship operators and the situation is now much improved. The NRS operations since early 2010 have all been successful.
6f National Reference Stations (NRS) The up‐load of hydrographic data is being devolved from a centralised CMAR co‐ordination position to direct reporting from those responsible for the processing of data. This distributed system should increase the robustness of data delivery by removing the single point of potential failure. The restructure also allows for considerable cost savings in the central processing budget for the NRS through to 2013 as has the lower than expected number of samples collected (eg only 8 per year from SA rather than 12). The restructure is proposed to be completed by September 2010.
The Zooplankton team at Cleveland CMAR has developed a database that allows for internal QC and access of data. The Facility leader will approach eMII on either using this database or providing a link to the web database from the Ocean data portal.
PERFORMANCE INDICATORS Providing research infrastructure Details of new infrastructure SAIMOS: All equipment for the new shelf edge mooring SAM3MS has been ordered ($136K) and deployment is expected by October 2010. One hundred Aquatech temperature loggers have been obtained ($123K) that will be used to determine thermocline displacements
List of data streams that are available for use in research Queensland and Northern Australia Platform / Deployment Start Date Available Ocean Portal GBRCCH Capricorn Channel ‐ Sep 07 to May 08 10/09/07 21/03/10* GBRCCH Capricorn Channel ‐ May 08 to Oct 08 06/05/08 21/03/10* GBRCCH Capricorn Channel ‐ Oct 08 to Apr 09 02/11/08 21/03/10* GBRCCH Capricorn Channel ‐ Apr 09 to Oct 09 27/04/09 21/03/10* GBRPPS Palm Passage ‐ Oct 07 to Jun 08 29/10/07 21/03/10* GBRPPS Palm Passage ‐ Jun 08 to Nov 08 20/06/08 21/03/10* GBRPPS Palm Passage ‐ Nov 08 to May 09 28/11/08 21/03/10* GBRPPS Palm Passage ‐ Jun 09 to Nov 09 07/06/09 21/03/10* GBRLSH Lizard Island Shelf ‐ Jun 08 to Dec 08 14/06/08 21/03/10* GBRLSH Lizard Island Shelf ‐ Dec 08 to Jun 09 04/12/08 21/03/10* GBRLSH Lizard Island Shelf ‐ Jun 09 to Nov 09 03/06/09 21/03/10* GBRLSL Lizard Island Slope ‐ Nov 07 to Jun 08 03/11/07 21/03/10* GBRLSL Lizard Island Slope ‐ Jun 08 to Dec 08 15/06/08 21/03/10* GBRLSL Lizard Island Slope ‐ Dec 08 to May 09 02/12/08 21/03/10* GBRMYR Myrmidon ‐ all deployments 03/10/07 21/03/10* GBROTE One Tree East ‐ all deployments 15/09/07 21/03/10* GBRHIN Heron Island North ‐ all deployments 12/09/07 21/03/10* GBRELR Elusive Reef ‐ all deployments 15/09/07 21/03/10* GBRHIS Heron Island South ‐ all deployments 13/09/07 21/03/10* • The GBROOS moorings are near to fully populated. A few moorings do not have WQMS due to some manufacturer faults requiring them to be sent back under warranty beyond the planned rotation out of the array for servicing.
APX A.6 NCRIS 06 ANMN 57 • Final capital purchasing is required in 2010/11 to increase the spares pool given the above, improve mooring performance and lower risk by adding satellite tracking. • All the GBR data as reported above is accurate. We have just done servicing in April and June and will get that data up by Sep 2010. • We are prioritising the Yongala and Darwin NRS developments and upgrades.
New South Wales Platform / Deployment Start Date Available Ocean Portal Sydney 100 ‐ Jun08 to Jul08 25/06/08 15/01/10* Sydney 100 ‐ Aug08 to Aug08 05/08/08 15/01/10* Sydney 100 ‐ Sept08 to Nov08 24/09/08 15/01/10* Sydney 100 ‐ Nov08 to Dec08 06/11/09 15/01/10* Sydney 100 ‐ Dec08 to Jan09 03/12/08 15/01/10* Sydney 100 ‐ Jan09 to Jan09 07/01/09 15/01/10* Sydney 100 ‐ Jan09 to Mar09 28/01/09 15/01/10* Sydney 100 ‐ Mar09 to Apr09 10/03/09 15/01/10* Sydney 100 ‐ Apr09 to May09 14/04/09 15/01/10* Sydney 100 ‐ May09 to July 09 19/05/09 15/01/10* Sydney 100 ‐ July 09 to Aug09 08/07/09 15/01/10* Sydney 100 ‐ Aug09 to Sept09 06/08/09 15/01/10* Sydney 140 Jun08 to Jul08 25/06/08 15/01/10* Sydney 140 Jul08 to Aug08 30/07/08 15/01/10* Sydney 140 Aug08 to Aug08 04/08/08 15/01/10* Sydney 140 Aug08 to Sept08 26/08/08 15/01/10* Sydney 140 Sept08 to Oct08 30/09/08 15/01/10* Sydney 140 Dec08 to Jan09 02/12/08 15/01/10* Sydney 140 Jan09 to Jan09 07/01/09 15/01/10* Sydney 140 Jan09 to Mar09 22/01/09 15/01/10* Sydney 140 Mar09 to Apr09 09/03/09 15/01/10* Sydney 140 ‐ Aug09 to Oct09 27/08/09 15/01/10* Ocean Reference Station 65 01/01/06 27/01/10* NSW mooring data coverage for July 2009 to June 2010 • ORS065: T ‐ full coverage, V ‐ full coverage. • SYD100: T ‐ full coverage, V ‐ gap from 16 Nov to 22 Dec 2009 (~1 month) and 14 April to 15 June 2010 (~2 months) due instrument failure, total ~9 months. WQM deployed since 22 Dec 2009, 3 deployments, 6 months. • SYD140: T ‐ full coverage, V ‐ full coverage. • CH070: T ‐ online since 15 Aug 2009, gap from 20 Oct 2009 to 16 December 2009 (~2 months) plus sampling issues 23 Feb to 20 May 2010 (~2 months), total ~8 months; V ‐ Data from 16 Dec 2009, with 2 weeks from 6‐20 Oct 2009, total ~6 months. • CH100: T ‐ online since 15 Aug 2009, gap from 6 Oct 2009 to 16 December 2009 (~2.5 months) plus sampling issues 23 Feb to 20 May 2010 (~2 months), total ~ 8 months; V ‐ Data from 16 Dec 2009, total ~6 months.
Southern Australia Platform / Deployment Start Date Available Ocean Portal M1 Deep Slope ‐ Dec08 to Jan09 10/12/08 15/02/10* M1 Deep Slope ‐ Feb09 to Jun09 04/02/09 14/02/10* M2 Cabbage Patch ‐ Oct08 to Dec08 02/10/08 14/02/10* M2 Cabbage Patch ‐ Jan 09 to Jun09 14/01/09 14/02/10*
APX A.6 NCRIS 06 ANMN 58 M2 Cabbage Patch ‐ Oct09 to Mar 10 06/10/09 15/05/10* M4 Canyons ‐ Feb09 to Feb 09 04/02/09 14/02/10* M4 Canyons ‐ Feb09 to Jun09 22/02/09 14/02/10* M4 Canyons ‐ Nov09 to Mar10 16/11/09 15/05/10* M5 Coffin Bay ‐ Feb09 to Jun09 04/02/10 14/02/10* M6 Investigator Strait 04/02/10 14/02/10*
Western Australia Platform / Deployment Start Date Available Ocean Portal Two Rocks 50 ‐ Jul09 to Nov09 07/07/09 25/02/10* Two Rocks 100 10/07/09 05/05/10* Two Rocks 150 ‐ Jul09 ‐ Nov09 07/07/09 25/02/10* Two Rocks 200 ‐ Jul09 to Nov09 13/07/09 25/02/10* Two Rocks 500 ‐ Jul09 to Nov09 13/07/09 25/02/10* • The three Perth Canyons moorings deployed 22‐Jan‐10 • PC 200 mooring recovered 30/5/2010 ‐ data is still being processed • 21/07/2010 ‐ two severed 500mtr moorings PC500A and TR500. A 70N mile trip out (12hr steaming and recovery day) and some lost gear.
Acoustic Observatories Platform / Deployment Start Date Available Ocean Portal Perth Canyon Array (PAPCA1) 21/02/08 22/03/10* • Perth Canyon Feb‐2009 to Oct 2009 start date 20‐Feb‐2009 available July‐2009 • Portland May‐2009 to Dec‐2009 start date 08‐May‐2009 available July‐2009
National Reference Station (sensors only) Platform / Deployment Start Date Available Ocean Portal Rottnest WA ‐ Nov 08 to Feb 09 19/11/08 03/03/10* Rottnest WA ‐ Feb 09 to Jul 09 18/02/09 03/03/10* Rottnest WA ‐ Nov 09 to Feb 10 04/11/09 11/04/10* Maria Island TAS ‐ Aug 08 to Dec 08 28/08/08 16/12/09* Maria Island TAS ‐ Dec 08 to Apr 09 09/12/08 16/12/09* Maria Island TAS ‐ Apr 09 to Jun 09 06/04/09 16/12/09* Maria Island TAS ‐ Jun 09 to Sep 09 10/09/09 16/02/10* Kangaroo Island SA ‐ Aug 08 to Oct 08 11/08/08 16/11/09* Kangaroo Island SA ‐ Oct 08 to Jan 09 18/10/08 16/11/09* Kangaroo Island SA ‐ Jan 09 to Jun 09 14/01/09 16/11/09* Kangaroo Island SA ‐ Jun 09 to Oct 09 01/06/09 13/03/10* Kangaroo Island SA ‐ Oct 09 to Dec 09 06/10/09 13/03/10* Kangaroo Island SA ‐ Dec 09 to Mar 10 14/12/09 14/04/10* Esperance WA ‐ Nov 08 to Feb 09 24/11/08 04/03/10* Esperance WA ‐ Feb 09 to Jun 09 23/02/09 04/03/10* Esperance WA ‐ Jun 09 to Sep 09 24/06/09 04/03/10* Esperance WA ‐ Sep 09 to Dec 09 16/09/09 04/03/10* Esperance WA ‐ Dec 09 to Mar 10 15/12/09 05/05/10* • Darwin data started Aug 2009 ‐ present • Yongala data started Sep 2007 same as gbroos. • Ningaloo initially deployed 1997. • PH100: T ‐ online since 29 October 2009, full coverage, ~9 months. WQM deployed at PH100 since 4 May 2010, 2 deployments, 2 months.
APX A.6 NCRIS 06 ANMN 59 • North Stradbroke Island now has 21 months of operations of hydrographic sampling. Infrastructure to be deployed by December 2010.
Outline the continuity of one key time series of data to be assessed against an appropriate benchmark for this facility. 6a Queensland & Northern Australia All moorings currently deployed represent the start of a continuous record of CTD and currents expected to be continued at each location throughout IMOS and beyond.
6b New South Wales The data coverage returned for each sensor at the Sydney Mooring from June 2008‐June 2010. ORS, SYD 100, SYD 140, Velocity and Temperature. Gaps in the data record are from unavoidable instrument failings.
6c South Australia Current meter data from the reference station mooring now extends for two years.
6d Western Australia WQM data from the Rottnest reference station mooring now extends for 18 months.
6e Acoustic Observations Perth Canyon continuity – 12% although the initial deployment was always intended as a stop gap while a new hardware version was developed, and the Perth Canyon mooring was not planned to be deployed until late 2008. Continual sampling is now underway at all sites.
6f National Reference Stations WQM data from the Maria Island reference station mooring now extends for 2.5 years and real time data now extends for 16 months.
Meeting researcher needs Ongoing and new research projects and postgraduate students using IMOS data 6a Queensland and Northern Australia • Reef water quality monitoring programme ‐ GBRMPA & AIMS, Schaffelke, GBRMPA • Whole of GBR Model ‐ AIMS & CSIRO, Brinkman, Herzfeld, MTSRF & GBRMPA • Responding to Climate Change, AIMS, Lough, AIMS • New tools for managing ecosystem responses to climate change on the southern Great Barrier Reef, AIMS, UQ, Hoegh‐Guldberg, Weeks, Steinberg, Eakin, Skirving, NOAA ARC Linkage • Early warning and assessment system for thermal stress on the GBR, MTSRF, Hoegh‐Guldberg, Weeks, Berkelmans, Steinberg, MTSRF
6c South Australia • A hydrodynamic/biogeochemical modelling facility for S.A., SARDI, John Middleton, July 2008‐ June 2011, Marine Innovation S.A., Flinders University, $419K • Carrying Capacity for Spencer Gulf, SARDI/PIRSA, John Middleton, November 2009‐October 2012, FRDC, Flinders University, $1.169M.
6d Western Australia • WAMSI Node 1 and Node 2 (2006‐2011) are two main projects in WA to utilise the IMOS shelf mooring data. Project leaders are John Keesing and Ming Feng from CSIRO. • Juliette Parisi is an industrial trainee from France, working with Ming Feng in CSIRO, to work on the IMOS mooring data WA, supported by WAMSI Node 2.
APX A.6 NCRIS 06 ANMN 60 6e Acoustic Observations The proponents are aware of three proposals using IMOS passive acoustic data. These are all currently pending, awaiting program approval. Programs are: • studies into ambient sea noise in Australian waters, University of Sydney (Dr. Doug Cato program to be supported by DSTO); • analysis of great whale signals (University of New South Wales, Tracy Rogers and Curtin University, McCauley, PhD programs with API & ARC support); and • analysis of trends in pygmy blue whale calling (Curtin University, McCauley with Australian Marine Mammal Centre support, supposedly advised Jun‐2010).
6f National Reference Stations (NRS) • CSIRO, using the NRS and Continuous Plankton Recorder data, are compiling an "Atlas of Australian Zooplankton". This is a multi‐media exercise with both hard copies in development as well as an online database. Two of the main proponents, Claire Davies and Anita Slotwinski have been successful candidates for early career development grants from CSIRO and will be travelling to South Africa to further develop their plankton taxonomic skills. • Mr Phil de Boer, the mechanical technician for the NRS, received a CSIRO early career grant in 2009/10 and used the funds to travel to NOAA and WHOI in the United States to learn more about mooring engineering and deployment.
Postgraduate research projects: 6a Queensland and Northern Australia • PhD, Implications of climate change for the oceanography of the Great Barrier Reef Ecosystem, UQ, Ana Redondo‐Rodriguez, Weeks, Hoegh‐Guldberg, Lough, Berkelmans • PhD, Sea surface circulation in the GBR and adjacent Coral Sea , AIMS@JCU, Severine Choukroun, Ridd, Brinkman • PhD, Paulin Cetina‐Heredia, Hydrodynamic modelling and larval transport in reef systems, JCU, Connelly, Ridd, Brinkman
6b New South Wales There are several PhD's in development using NSW IMOS data.
6c South Australia • PhD, Water Mass Connectivity and Mixing: isotope and hydrographic analyses, SARDI/ANU, Laura Richardson, March 2009‐February 2013, John Middleton, Brad Opdyke • PhD, Impact of physical forcings (upwelling/downwelling) and nutrients availability on the space‐ time dynamics of picophytoplankton communities, FUSA, Virginie van Dongen‐Vogels (Vinnie), January 2008‐July 2011, Laurent Seuront, Sophie Leterme, Justin Seymour, Jim Mitchell • PhD , Coastal upwelling and its effects on marine microbial processes, Flinders University, James Patterson , February 2008 ‐ November 2011, Laurent Seuront, Jim Mitchell
6d Western Australia Thisara Welhena is now a PhD student of WAMSI Node 1, enroled in UWA, supervised by Charitha Pattiaratchi (UWA) and Ming Feng (CSIRO) to work on the WA IMOS gliders and mooring data, to better understand shelf circulation off WA.
APX A.6 NCRIS 06 ANMN 61 Quality of research infrastructure Benchmark against other similar overseas infrastructure 6e Acoustic Observations No comparative infrastructure exists for the passive acoustic listening station. The preparatory commission for the Comprehensive Nuclear‐Test‐Ban Treaty Organization maintains a series of hydro‐acoustic listening stations for monitoring clandestine underwater nuclear explosions which has been ustilised for whale monitoring. However, data from the CTBTO stations are limited in frequency range and Australian spatial coverage compared with the IMOS data streams, and they are not freely available for the international research community. We have had a number of international enquiries regarding the full passive acoustic observatory data sets (late 2009).
6f National Reference Stations (NRS) No comparative national infrastructure exists for the NRS. Coastal observing systems tend to be localised at sub‐regional scales. This national approach is therefore generating much international interest.
However on a regional scale, a close benchmark for the moored infrastructure side of the NRS at least, is NOAA's Chesapeake Bay Interpretive Buoy System (CBIBS). The system is approximately the same infrastructure size having recently deployed their ninth WatchKeeper™ buoy. This monitoring platform includes wind, air temperature, barometric pressure, a current profiler and a TRIAXYS™ Directional wave sensor. Like the NRS it also includes a Wetlabs Water Quality Monitor (WQM) sensor that transmits data via a Wireless Fibre (WFS) modem to the buoy. The WatchMan500™ controller then collects all data inputs and sends it to the CBIBS website using a Verizon CDMA cellular network. A tenth buoy is to be delivered to NOAA in October 2010. For benchmarking purposes telemetered data is available at http://chesapeakebay.noaa.gov/cbibs . This telemetered data stream and the wide range of users has been identified by the project as instrumental in the continuation of funding.
Fostering Collaborative development of infrastructure Participation in international programs collecting similar data streams 6a Queensland & Northern Australia International Network of Coral Reef Ecosystem Observing Systems (I‐CREOS) Clivar SPICE will complement observing strategies in the Coral Sea basin
6e Acoustic Observations There is no international program to collect ocean noise data sets. There may be an international experiment which will utilise the IMOS passive acoustic data, the "quiet ocean experiment" in which ships are to be asked to power down in an ocean basin for a short period to see how this changes ambient noise.
6f National Reference Stations (NRS) An update of the NRS was published in the international newsletter of the Marine Technology Society ON&T June 2010. This is the second report to be published on the NRS by ON&T and is an outcome of international engagement by the NRS sub‐facility leader with the Ocean Observing committee of the Marine Technology Society.
Other collaborations 6a Queensland and Northern Australia ACORN data validation through ARC grants
6b New South Wales
APX A.6 NCRIS 06 ANMN 62 Collaborations with Sydney Water over data streams from the Ocean Reference Station (ORS), who are providing data as an in‐kind contribution to NSW IMOS.
6e Acoustic Observations University of New South Wales ‐ data to be analysed by PhD students for whale presence
Fostering interdisciplinary and world‐class research
List of publications using IMOS data
6a Queensland and Northern Australia Publications • Bainbridge S., C.R. Steinberg, M. Heron and M. Furnas (2010) Integrating Observation Systems: An Example from the Great Barrier Reef (100114‐063). Sea Technology (submitted July 2010). • Heron S.F., C.R. Steinberg, M.L. Heron, A. Mantovanelli, J.B.D. Jaffres, W.J. Skirving, F.McAllister and S. Bainbridge (2010) Advances in Observing Physical Oceanographic Impacts on Coral Reefs of the Southern Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Submitted to EOS Feb & Apr 2010. • Ganachaud, A, A. Sen Gupta, J. Orr, S. Wijffels, K. Ridgway, M. Hemer, C. Maes, C. Steinberg, A. Tribollet, B. Qiu, J. Kruger (2010). Observed and Expected Changes to the Pacific Ocean. In: Vulnerability of Fisheries and Aquaculture in the Pacific to Climate Change (J.D. Bell, ed.). Secretariat of the Pacific Community, Noumea, New Caledonia. (submitted Dec 2009, accepted Jul 2010) • Weeks, S.J., A. Bakun, B.C. Congdon, G.C. Feldman, C.R. Steinberg and O. Hoegh‐Guldberg (‐1) Ocean dynamics and seabird foraging during the 2005‐06 coral bleaching event on the southern Great Barrier Reef. (Submitted to MEPS, Nov 2009) • Berkelmans R., S.J. Weeks and C.R. Steinberg (2010) Upwelling linked to warm summers and bleaching on the Great Barrier Reef. Submitted to Limnology and Oceanography, Submitted Dec 2009 & May 2010. • Weeks S.J., A. Bakun, C. Steinberg, Brinkman R. and O. Hoegh‐Guldberg (2010) The Capricorn Eddy: a prominent driver of the ecology and future of the southern Great Barrier Reef (Accepted in Coral Reefs, May 2010) • Bainbridge S., C.R. Steinberg, M. Heron and M. Furnas (2010) Integrating Observation Systems: An Example from the Great Barrier Reef (100114‐063). Oceans’10 IEEE Sydney 24‐27 May 2010. • Jaffres J., M. Heron, A. Middleditch, C. Steinberg and T. Durrant (2010) Waves in the Southern Great Barrier Reef (100121‐002). Oceans’10 IEEE Sydney 24‐27 May 2010. • DiMassa D., M. Heron, A. Mantovanelli, S. Heron and C. Steinberg (2010) Can Vertical Mixing from Turbulent Kinetic Mixing Energy Mitigate Coral Bleaching? An Application of HF Ocean Radar (100119‐002). Oceans’10 IEEE Sydney 24‐27 May 2010. • R.E. Brainard, S. Bainbridge, R. Brinkman, C. M. Eakin, M. Field, J‐P Gattuso, D. Gledhill, L. Gramer, J. Hendee, R.K. Hoeke, S.J. Holbrook, O. Hoegh‐Guldberg, M. Lammers, D. Manzello, M. McManus, R. Moffitt, M. Monaco, J. Morgan, D. Obura, S. Planes, R.J. Schmitt, C. Steinberg, H. Sweatman, O.J. Vetter, K. B. Wong (2009) An International Network of Coral Reef Ecosystem Observing Systems (I‐CREOS) OceanObs’09 Ocean information for society: sustaining the benefits, realizing the potential, 21‐25 September 2009, Venice, Italy. Available at http://www.oceanobs09.net/cwp/list_alpha.php • Lough J, Bainbridge S, Berkelmans R and Steinberg C.R. (2009) Physical monitoring of the Great Barrier Reef to understand ecological responses to climate change. In: You, Y and Henderson‐ Sellers, A (eds) Climate Alert: Climate Change Monitoring and Strategy. Sydney University Press, Sydney: 66‐110. • Negri A, P Speare, R Berkelmans, T Stieglitz, R Botting, C Steinberg, R Brinkman, M Heron and P Doherty (2010) Douglas Shoal Ship Grounding Survey: RV Cape Ferguson Habitat Damage
APX A.6 NCRIS 06 ANMN 63 Monitoring using Multibeam Sonar and Towed Video Assessments. Final Confidential Report to GBRMPA, June 2010.
Conference reports • Steinberg, C.R., F. McAllister, G.W. Brinkman, C. Pitcher, J. Luetchford and P. Rigby (2010) The Great Barrier Reef Ocean Observing System Moorings Array: Monitoring Coral Sea Impacts on the Great Barrier Reef. In Proceedings of OceanObs’09: Sustained Ocean Observations and Information for Society (Annex), Venice, Italy, 21‐25 September 2009, Hall, J., Harrison, D.E. & Stammer, D., Eds., ESA Publication WPP‐306. • S.J. Bainbridge, C.R. Steinberg, M.J. Furnas and M.L. Heron (2010) GBROOS – An Ocean Observing System for the Great Barrier Reef. In Proceedings of OceanObs’09: Sustained Ocean Observations and Information for Society (Annex), Venice, Italy, 21‐25 September 2009, Hall, J., Harrison, D.E. & Stammer, D., Eds., ESA Publication WPP‐306. • Steinberg, C. (2009) Climate change in the Australian marine environment. Climate change simulations for CMIP5 (IPCC AR5) and the data requirements for Queensland and the wet tropical regions Workshop, CSIRO, MTSRF and the QCCCE hosting. Port Douglas, 20‐21 July 2009. • Steinberg, C., S. Heron, M. Herzfeld, S. Weeks, S. Bainbridge, M. Heron, W. Skirving (2009) Observing and Modelling the Circulation of the Capricorn Bunker Group, Southern Great Barrier Reef. Australian Marine Sciences Association. Adelaide, Australia, 11‐14 July 2009. • Steinberg, C, F. McAllister, C.M. McLean, G.W. Brinkman, C. Pitcher, J. Luetchford and P. Rigby (2009) The Great Barrier Reef Ocean Observing System: Monitoring the Western Boundary Currents of the Coral Sea and Impacts on the Great Barrier Reef. Australian Marine Sciences Association. Adelaide, Australia, 11‐14 July 2009. Poster presentation. • C. Steinberg, F. McAllister, C.M. McLean, G.W. Brinkman, C. Pitcher, J. Luetchford and P. Rigby (2009) The Great Barrier Reef Ocean Observing System Mooring array: Monitoring the Western Boundary Currents of the Coral Sea and Impacts on the Great Barrier Reef. EOS Trans. AGU, 90(22), Jt. Assem. Suppl., Abstract OS32A‐06. • Bainbridge, S., C. Steinberg, M. Heron, P. Rigby (2009) The role of observation systems in coral reef monitoring and management. EOS Trans. AGU, 90(22), Jt. Assem. Suppl., Abstract OS32A‐ 06.
6b New South Wales Publications • Baird, M.E. I.M Suthers, D.A.Griffin, B. Hollings, C. Pattiaratchi, J. D. Everett, M. Roughan K. Oubelkheir, M. Doblin ‘Sub‐surface bio‐optical properties of a surface flooded warm‐core eddy off southeast Australia’ Deep Sea Research – Accepted May 2010 • Roughan, M. MacDonald, H. S. Baird, M.E. T. M. Glasby, ‘Modelling seasonal and interannual variability in a Western Boundary Current and its impact on coastal connectivity’. Submitted to Deep Sea Research ‐ Accepted March 2010 • Roughan, M., B D Morris, IM Suthers. (2010) NSW‐IMOS: An Integrated Marine Observing System for Southeastern Australia. IOP Conference Series, Earth and Environmental Science. Accepted 14 May 2010 • Roughan, M. I. Suthers, T. Pritchard, G. Meyers. (2009) NSW‐IMOS an integrated marine observing system for south‐eastern Australia: The East Australian Current and its interaction with coastal environments. In Proceedings of OceanObs ’09: Sustained Ocean Observations and Information for Society (Annex), Venice, Italy, 21‐25 September 2009, Hall, J., Harrison, D.E. and Stammer, D., Eds., ESA Publication WPP‐306 • Roughan M, Suthers, I, Meyers, G. 2010 The Australian Integrated Marine Observing System (IMOS) and the regional implementation in New South Wales. In “Climate Alert: Change Monitoring and Strategy” Eds John You and Ann Henderson‐Sellars. Sydney University Press ISBN 9781920899417
APX A.6 NCRIS 06 ANMN 64 Conference Proceedings • Wood, J. E, Roughan, M. Wind, Temperature and Current observations from a Long Term Continental Shelf Mooring. AMSA 2010, Wollongong NSW Australia. • Macdonald, H. S. M. Roughan, M. Baird Wilkin, Coupled physical‐biological modelling of eddies off southeastern Australia. J. AMSA 2010, Wollongong NSW Australia. – Student Prize‐ Best Poster • Morris, B. D. M. Roughan, M. Doblin Variability and boundary current effects on the coastal waters of Sydney, Australia using IMOS data. AMSA 2010, Wollongong NSW Australia. • Roughan, M., H. S. Macdonald; M. E. Baird; T. Glasby Downscaling an eddy resolving model to investigate seasonal and inter‐annual variability in coastal connectivity in a Western Boundary Current. Ocean Sciences 2010 Portland, USA Abstract IT43B‐08 • Baird; M. E., M. Roughan; B. D. Morris; I. Suthers. An Integrated Marine Observing System for Southeastern Australia: The East Australian Current and its interaction with coastal environments. Ocean Sciences 2010 Portland, USA Abstract IT45H‐04 • Roughan, M., B D Morris, IM Suthers. NSW‐IMOS: An Integrated Marine Observing System for Southeastern Australia. AMOS 2010, Canberra, Australia • Roughan, M. I. Suthers and G. Meyers. NSW‐IMOS An integrated marine observing system for southeastern Australia. OceanObs 2009 Venice Italy. • Roughan, M, H. Macdonald, M Baird Connectivity along the Continental Shelf of southeastern Australia AMSA Adelaide 2009 Marine Connectivity • Roughan, M., I. Suthers, R. Harcourt, S. Williams, T.Pritchard Highlights from NSW IMOS AMSA Adelaide 2009 Marine Connectivity • Wood, J., M. Roughan P. Tate Upwelling off the Coast of Sydney: Observations from the NSW IMOS Array AMSA Adelaide 2009 Marine Connectivity • Coleman M., Roughan, M. Connell S., Gillanders B., Kelaher B. and Steinberg P. Contrasting Patterns of Connectivity among Populations of Kelp on Australia’s Temperate Reefs AMSA Adelaide 2009 Marine Connectivity
6c South Australia • Seuront L., Leterme S.C., Middleton J., Byrne S., James C., Luick J., Nedoncelle K., Paterson J., Teixeira C. & van Dongen‐Vogels V., 2010: Biophysical couplings in South Australian shelf waters under conditions of summer upwelling and winter downwelling: Results from the Southern Australian Integrated Marine Observing System (SAIMOS). In: Hall, J., Harrison D.E. & Stammer, D., (Eds.), Proceedings of the "OceanObs’09: Sustained Ocean Observations and Information for Society" Conference, Venice, Italy, 21‐25 September 2009, ESA Publication WPP‐306. • Peter Petrusevics, John Bye, John Luick and Carlos E.P. Teixeira 2010: Summer sea surface temperature fronts and elevated chlorophyll‐a in the entrance to Spencer Gulf, South Australia, submitted to Continental Shelf Research. • van Dongen‐Vogels V, Seymour JR, Leterme S, Paterson J, Seuront L (2010) Space‐time variability of picophytoplankton communities in South Australian shelf waters. AGU/ASLO/TOS Ocean Sciences meeting, (22‐26th Feb10), Portland (Oregon), USA. Eos Trans. AGU, 91(26), Ocean Sci. Meet. Suppl., Abstract BO11A‐05. • van Dongen‐Vogels V, Seymour JR, Leterme S, Seuront L (2009) Spatial and temporal dynamics in picophytoplankton community structure along a shelf plume (South Australia). Marine Connectivity, Australian Marine Science Association International Conference (AMSA, 5‐9 July09), Adelaide, Australia. This poster was acknowledged by the AMSA committee and received the Ron Kenny award for best poster presentation (Australian Marine Science Bulletin, n0 181, Spring 2009, p9).
APX A.6 NCRIS 06 ANMN 65 6d Western Australia • CLIVAR Indian Ocean Panel meeting, Perth, July 2010, international colleagues working on the Indian Ocean climate variability. • CLIVAR Indian Ocean BGC panel meeting, Perth, July 2010, international colleagues working on BGC processes in the Indian Ocean.
6f National Reference Stations (NRS) • Thompson, P., Baird M.E., Ingleton T., and M.A. Doblin. 2009. Long‐term changes in temperate Australian coastal waters: implications for phytoplankton. Marine Ecology Progressive Series. 394: 1‐19. • Ling, S. D. Johnson, C. R. Frusher, S. D. and K. R. Ridgway. 2009. Overfishing reduces resilience of kelp beds to climate‐driven catastrophic phase shift, PNAS, Vol., 106 (52): 22341‐22345 • Lynch T. P., Steinberg, C., Brando V., Roughan M., Middleton J., Hughes D., Feng M., McCauley R., McGowen M., Hill K., Proctor R., Allen S., Meyers G., and T. Moltmann. 2009. The Australian National Mooring Network. 21‐25 September 2009, Hall, J., Harrison D.E. and Stammer, D., Eds., ESA Publication WPP‐306, 2010. • Hughes D., Lynch T., Pender L., Sherlock M. 2010. A Robust Satellite telemetry systems for IMOS moorings. IEEE Proc. Oceans10 – Sydney.
Details of public seminars held in relation to this facility 6a Queensland and Northern Australia • Berkelmans R., S.J. Weeks and C.R. Steinberg (2010) Upwelling linked to warm summers and bleaching on the Great Barrier Reef. Impacts and achievements of the MTSRF Annual 2010 Conference, Cairns. • Brinkman R., M. Herzfeld, J. Andrewartha, C. Steinberg and S. Spagnol (2010) Hydrodynamics at the whole of GBR scale. Impacts and achievements of the MTSRF Annual 2010 Conference, Cairns. • Congdon B.C., S.J. Weeks and C.R. Steinberg (2010) Whirlpools and weight loss: linking seabird foraging success and oceanography in the southern Great Barrier Reef. Impacts and achievements of the MTSRF Annual 2010 Conference, Cairns. • Heron, S. and C. Steinberg (2010) Oceanography, mechanical damage and wave‐induced upwelling. Satellite monitoring of reef vulnerability in a changing climate, NOAA Coral Reef Watch/UQ workshop, Lamington National Park, Feb15‐18 2010. Invited talk. • IMOS modelling workshop October 2009
6c South Australia • SAIMOS and Oceanographic research at SARDI, Port Lincoln, 12/10/2009, marine industry • SAIMOS and Oceanographic research at SARDI, Kangaroo Is, 14/10/2009, marine industry • SAIMOS and Oceanographic research at SARDI, Adelaide, 17/10/2009, marine industry • SAIMOS and Oceanographic research at SARDI, DSTO, Adelaide, 07/05/2010, scientists • SAIMOS Launch, Port Adelaide, 01/06/2010, government, university and industry
6d Western Australia An IMOS data workshop will be held in Perth in late August 2010 to promote WA IMOS data usage.
6f National Reference Stations (NRS) 2010 IMOS conference, Perth, Feb 2010, scientists, government, university
APX A.6 NCRIS 06 ANMN 66 Details of participation in other conferences, symposia or workshops in relation to this facility 6a Queensland and Northern Australia • Presentations at national (AMOS, AMSA, ACRS, MTSRF) and international (OceanObs'09, ICRS, Oceans10 ) conferences have promoted the Moorings facility and sub‐facility. • Participation of AMSA/NRS Scientific Steering committee workshop in July 2010
6b New South Wales • Participation of AMSA/NRS Scientific Steering committee workshop in July 2010 • AGU ‐ Ocean Sciences meeting • AMSA ‐ 2009/2010
6c South Australia • Participation of AMSA/NRS Scientific Steering committee workshop in July 2010 • Paterson J, van Dongen‐Vogels V, Leterme S, Seuront L (2010) Viral and bacterial spatial dynamics within coastal upwelling systems. AGU/ASLO/TOS Ocean Sciences meeting (22‐26 February 2010), Portland, Oregon, USA • Middleton J., Seuront L., Luick J., James C., Leterme S.C., Teixiera C., van Dongen‐Vogels V. & Patterson J. (2009) The biophysical landscape of the southern Australian shelves: measurement, modelling, climate and climate change. AMSA, July 2009, Adelaide, Australia. • Leterme S.C., James C., Luick J., Middleton J., Van Dongen‐Vogels V., Paterson J. & Seuront L. (2009) Seasonal Variations in Biological Characteristics of the South Australian Shelf Waters – Results from the Southern Australian Integrated Marine Observing System (SAIMOS). EGU, General Assembly, April 2009, Vienna, Austria.
Posters 6c South Australia • Navong N., James C. & Leterme S.C. (2010) Impacts of upwelling events on the phytoplankton communities off the South Australian continental shelf. AMSA, July 2010, Wollongong, Australia. • James C., Leterme S.C., Luick J., Middleton J., Patterson J., van Dongen‐Vogels V. & Seuront L. (2009) Introducing the Southern Australian node of the Integrated Marine Observing System, SAIMOS. AMSA, July 2009, Adelaide, Australia. • Seuront L., Leterme S.C., Middleton J., Ridgway K., Doherty P., Bainbridge S., Steinberg C., Suthers I., Roughan M., Pattiaratchi C., Thresher A., Trull T., Schulz E., Wijffels S., Williams S., Allen S., Heron M., Harcourt R., Proctor R., Turner P., Critchley G., Richardson A., Coman F., Bonham P., Terhell D., Thompson P., Tilbrook B., Berry K., Clementson L., Lynch T., Robert S., Furnas M., Roberts K., Magierowski R. and Meyers G. (2009) IMOS, an Integrated Marine Observing System for Australia. EGU, General Assembly, April 2009, Vienna, Austria. • James C., Luick J., Leterme S.C., Middleton J. & Seuront L. (2009) Seasonal Variations in Physical Characteristics of the South Australian Shelf Waters –Results from the Southern Australian Integrated Marine Observing System (SAIMOS). EGU, General Assembly, April 2009, Vienna, Austria.
6d Western Australia Participation of AMSA/NRS Scientific Steering committee workshop in July 2010
6f National Reference Stations (NRS) IMOS conference, Perth , Feb 2010, Presentation of the ANMN budget.
APX A.6 NCRIS 06 ANMN 67
2009/10 Implementation Plan – Deployments
6a Queensland and Northern Australia Activity/Deployment/Location Responsible Responsible Start Finish Status Comments Organisation(s) Person/ / Update Support Staff Negotiate GBRMPA permit variation for surface AIMS Steinberg Feb 2009 Jul 2009 Achieved buoys Develop real‐time communications AIMS Steinberg Jan 2009 Jun 2009 Achieved Development of standardised processing eMII, AIMS, eMII, AIMS, Feb 2009 Dec 2009 Achieved IMOS toolbox launched software, with the IMOS mooring community, for CSIRO CSIRO at AMSA July 2010 the processing and quality control of the data Development of a number of standardised data eMII, AIMS, eMII, AIMS, Feb 2009 Dec 2009 Achieved products and data streams over the web CSIRO CSIRO Service Southern GBR array AIMS Steinberg Mar 2009 Apr 2009 Achieved Service Northern GBR array AIMS Steinberg May 2009 June 2009 Achieved Negotiate charter vessels for Sep Nov cruises AIMS Steinberg Jul 2009 Sep 2009 Achieved Service Southern GBR array AIMS Steinberg Sep 2009 Sep 2009 Achieved Service Northern GBR array AIMS Steinberg Nov 2009 Nov 2009 Achieved Negotiate charter vessels for Mar May cruises AIMS Steinberg Jan 2009 Mar 2009 Achieved Service Southern GBR array AIMS Steinberg Mar 2010 Mar 2010 Achieved Service Northern GBR array AIMS Steinberg May 2010 May 2010 Achieved Negotiate charter vessels for Sep Nov cruises AIMS Steinberg Jul 2010 Sep 2010 Achieved Now utilising AIMS research vessels. Service Southern GBR array AIMS Steinberg Sep 2010 Sep 2010 In Progress Service Northern GBR array AIMS Steinberg Nov 2010 Nov 2010 In Progress Negotiate charter vessels for Mar May cruises AIMS Steinberg Jan 2011 Mar 2011 Achieved Using AIMS Research Vessels Service Southern GBR array AIMS Steinberg Mar 2011 Mar 2011 In Progress Service Northern GBR array AIMS Steinberg May 2011 May 2011 In Progress
APX A.6 NCRIS 06 ANMN 68
6b New South Wales Activity/Deployment/Location Responsible Responsible Start Finish Status Comments Organisation(s) Person/ / Update Support Staff Deploy CH moorings MHL Roughan Apr09 2011 Achieved Decide on Real time at Sydney MOT/OFS Roughan and Jun09 In Progress Location still in debate Moorings team Evaluate South Coast Mooring Moorings Team Apr 09 Achieved Remove Jervis Bay mooring move south Mooring data delivery to eMII, process UNSW Roughan Morris Jun 09 Achieved established and website development underway Monthly Servicing of Sydney Moorings SIMS/OFS Holden, Mar 09 Jun 2011 Achieved Roughan Morris Bi‐monthly servicing of Coffs Harbour SIMS/MHL MHL Roughan Apr 2009 Jun 2011 Achieved Still monthly servicing. Moorings Morris Monthly hydrographic sampling at Port DECC Davies Pritchard Apr 2009 Jun 2011 Achieved Hacking transect Ingleton Roughan Data delivery to eMII SIMS Morris/Roughan Jun 09 Achieved Data delivery to eMII SIMS Morris/Roughan Jun 10 Achieved Data delivery to eMII SIMS Morris/Roughan Jun 11 In Progress
6c South Australia Activity/Deployment/Location Responsible Responsible Person/ Start Finish Status Comments Organisation(s) Support Staff / Update
Mooring M1, 600 m isobath south of SARDI Middleton, Charles Dec 2008 April 2011 In Progress Kangaroo Is, Dec‐April, July October James, John Luick Mooring M2, 130 m isobath west of SARDI Middleton/Charles October April 2011 In Progress Kangaroo Is, Oct‐April James, John Luick 2008 Mooring M3 (Reference site), 110m SARDI Middleton/Charles August April 2011 In Progress
APX A.6 NCRIS 06 ANMN 69
isobath west of Kangaroo Is, continuous James, John Luick 2008 Mooring M4, 110 m isobath south of SARDI Middleton/Charles February April 2011 Delete Kangaroo Is, continuous James, John Luick 2009 Mooring M5 , 110 m isobath S‐W of Eyre SARDI Middleton/Charles February April 2011 In Progress Peninsula, Oct‐April James, John Luick 2009 Mooring M6, 70 m isobath S‐W of Yorke SARDI Middleton/Charles February April 2011 Delete Peninsula, Jan‐April James, John Luick 2009 CTD Surveys ‐ undertaken during 8 (5‐day) SARDI Middleton/Charles February April 2011 In Progress RV Ngerin Cruises each year James, John Luick 2008 Biological Sampling ‐ undertaken during 8 Flinders Sophie Leterme and February April 2011 In Progress (5‐day) RV Ngerin Cruises each year Laurent Seuront 2008 Reference Site CSIRO prescribed water / Flinders Sophie Leterme and October April 2011 Achieved biological sampling ‐ undertaken during 8 Laurent Seuront 2008 (5‐day) RV Ngerin Cruises each year
6d Western Australia Activity/Deployment/Location Responsible Responsible Start Finish Status Comments Organisation(s) Person/ / Update Support Staff Purchase of additional WAIMOS equipment CMAR Ian Darby Feb 09 Jun 09 Achieved Construction of WAIMOS moorings in CMAR Dan Mclaughlan Feb 09 Jun 09 Achieved Hobart Shipping of WAIMOS moorings to WA CMAR Dan Mclaughlan Apr 09 Jun 09 Achieved Deployment of WAIMOS array (weather CMAR Phil de Boer and May 09 Jul 09 Achieved contingent) Dave Cherry Recovery and downloading of CMAR Ian Darby, Ming Oct 09 Jun 11 Achieved Responsibility now Ryan biogeochemical data ‐ 3 month Data to eMII Feng Crossing Recovery and download of thermistor and CMAR Ian Darby, Ming Jan 10 Jun 11 In Progress ADCP ‐ 6 months Data to eMII Feng Calibration of equipment CMAR Mark Jul 10 Jun 11 In Progress Underwood Turnaround of gear CMAR Tim Lynch Jan 11 Jun 11 Achieved
APX A.6 NCRIS 06 ANMN 70
6e Acoustic Observations Activity/Deployment/Location Responsible Responsible Start Finish Status Comments Organisation(s) Person/Support / Update Staff Deploy WA array Curtin Uni R McCauley Feb 09 Mar 09 Achieved Deploy SA array Curtin Uni R McCauley Mar 09 Mar 09 Achieved Deploy NSW array Curtin Uni R McCauley Nov 09 Dec 09 Achieved Turnaround WA array Curtin Uni R McCauley Nov 09 Dec 09 Achieved Turnaround SA array Curtin Uni R McCauley Nov 09 Dec 09 Achieved Turnaround NSW array Curtin Uni R McCauley June 09 July 09 Achieved Turnaround WA array Curtin Uni R McCauley Sept 10 Oct 10 Achieved Turnaround SA array Curtin Uni R McCauley Sept 10 Oct 10 Achieved Turnaround NSW array Curtin Uni R McCauley Apr 11 May11 Achieved
6f National Reference Stations (NRS) Activity/Deployment/Location Responsible Responsible Start Finish Status Comments Organisation(s) Person/ Support / Update Staff All sites receive filtration gear CMAR Gary Critchley Feb 09 Jun 09 Achieved Yongala surface signature funding AIMS Craig Steinberg Mar 09 Apr 09 Delayed Delayed due to late delivery of buoy approved parts and weather. Scheduled for August 2010 Commencement of physical sampling CMAR Gary Critchley Mar 09 Jun 11 Achieved at 7 of 9 sites Iridium Telemetry system field trailed CMAR David Hughes Apr 09 Jun 09 Achieved Yongala NextG or HF telemetry AIMS Craig Steinberg Jun 09 Dec 09 Achieved tested Harbour Master approval for Darwin AIMS David Williams May 09 Jun 09 Achieved NRS location design Assemble of Darwin NRS AIMS David Williams May 09 Dec 09 Achieved Deployment of WQMs off Sydney Achieved
APX A.6 NCRIS 06 ANMN 71
subject to dummy mooring surviving. Roll out telemetry to other CMAR CMAR David Hughes Nov 09 Jun 10 Delete Telemetry halted rollout at boards sites request Deployment of Ningaloo NRS CMAR Ian Darby Nov 09 Nov 09 Achieved AIMS now has responsibility Calibration and Quality Assurance CMAR/eMII Lindsay Pender and Jun 09 Nov 09 In QC matlab toolbox in use and and Control of data streams Gary Critchley Progress development ‐ eMII responsible. QA under development with Tim Lynch and Elisabetta Morrello. L. Pender and G. Critchley are moving off the project. Web links of both telemetered eMII Lindsay Pender Jun 09 Jun 10 Achieved eMII now responsible (averaged) and entire data streams Deploy Yongala surface signature AIMS Craig Steinberg Jun 09 Dec 09 Achieved Deployment of Darwin AIMS Craig Steinberg Jan 10 Jan 10 Achieved Maintain each NRS biophysical DECC/AIMS Node leaders Feb 09 Jun 11 Achieved Achieved to plan. sampling on a 1‐3 month rolling basis /CMAR/SARDI Darwin and Ningaloo to commence in 2010‐11 Maintain each NRS mooring on a 3 DECC/AIMS Node leaders Feb 09 Jun 11 Achieved Mooring turnarounds are being month rolling basis /CMAR/SARDI extended, were possible to 6 months. Commencement of physical sampling CMAR/AIMS Gary Critchley Jan 10 Jun 11 In Responsibility will shift to sub‐facilities at last 2 of 9 sites Progress Change outs for 9 sites Node leaders In Progress Re‐calibration of gear after initial CMAR Mark Underwood Apr 09 Jun 11 In Contracts signed and the laboratory deployments Progress receiving gear. Breakdown and storage of gear if Tim Lynch Jan Jun 11 Delete Funding provided extension funding stops 2011
APX A.6 NCRIS 06 ANMN 72
NCRIS Facility: Australian Coastal Ocean Radar Network (ACORN)
Facility Leader: Mal Heron, James Cook University (JCU)
Contact details: Phone: 07 4781 4981 Email: [email protected]
Overview of status of Facility
The highlight of 2009/2010 was the installation of radar stations at: • Cape Spencer and Cape Wiles (SA Gulfs) September ‐ December 2009; • Fremantle and Guilderton (Rottnest) February ‐ March 2010; and • Nora Creina and Blackfellows Caves (Bonney Coast) June‐July 2010.
Equally significant was the delivery to the archive (with eMII) of GBR data in November 2009, and in April 2010 data from Cervantes, Seabird, Cape Spencer, Cape Wiles, Guilderton and Fremantle.
On 3 April 2010 the Chinese coal carrier Shen Neng 1 ran aground on Douglas Shoal with a cargo of coal and full tanks of fuel. The HF radars at Tannum Sands and Lady Elliot Island produced maps of the area every 10 minutes on a 4km grid for the entire 9 days of the incident. This is an exemplar of the potential for IMOS data, and ACORN contributed to the GBRMPA Report and to subsequent evaluations of the management of the incident.
All radar stations now have broadband 3G or landline communications. This is very significant for the operation of the network because it enables daily monitoring of the station performance, and enables remote login for changes to configuration files or software.
Staffing of ACORN was below the planned level in 2009/10 due to resignation of staff and delays in finding replacements, and this impacted on the delivery of milestones. The IMOS Director met with JCU (both senior management and ACORN management) in February 2010 to consider a number of matters arising (including staffing, financial management and delivery). Adequate solutions were agreed for each of the areas under discussion. The IMOS Director was then able to recommend to the IMOS Board and the University of Tasmania that the ACORN facility continue to be sub‐ contracted to JCU.
A description of activities undertaken to establish and operate the infrastructure
Geoff Page resigned and left ACORN on 17 June 2009. Sven Rehder was appointed to the vacancy, commencing 7 July 2010. Sven has strengths in IT and radar systems, and is professionally familiar with the WERA system. Thus staffing was below planned levels for most of the 2009/10.
As a management response to the reduced capability, ACORN has appointed Caretakers at each station, which reduces the number of travel call‐outs for ACORN professional staff. We have a caretaker at each of Tannum Sands and Lady Elliot Island (Great Barrier Reef); Cape Spencer and Cape Wiles (SA Gulfs); Fremantle, Guilderton (Rottnest Coast), Seabird and Cervantes (Turquoise Coast). The Caretakers are generally non‐technical people from the local community who agree to be called on to carry out specific tasks under the (phone) guidance of an ACORN professional. Approximately 50% of station failures are being fixed by a combination of Caretaker intervention and remote terminal login to station computers.
Priority was given to making available First‐Look data (rather than only delivering Quality Controlled data) on the Ocean Portal. Development of Quality Control process for WERA data completed (30
APX A.7 NCRIS 07 ACORN 73 April 2010) and for SeaSonde data completed (10 May 2010). Re‐processing of the backlog of data for QC is continuing.
Installations at Coffs Harbour has been delayed by approvals process; assistance has been given by SIMS and negotiations with the Coffs Harbour City Council, Nambucca Shire Council and the NSW Land Planning and Management Authority are continuing. These deployments are expected to be done in the first half of 2010/2011 and will require a carry‐forward of installation costs.
Agreed activities not completed
Installation of WERA pair at Coffs Harbour was not completed by 30 June 2010. There are two main reasons for this: one is the complexity of the approvals process encountered at this site; and the second is the limited capacity of ACORN due to staff vacancies.
Remedial action proposed, including timeframes.
We sought help from NSWIMOS to address a stalled process at Coffs Harbour relating to jurisdictions and definitions of the installation. Once this is clarified we will be in a position to prepare a brief for a consultant to prepare documentation for Coffs Harbour City Council and the Nambucca Shire Council.
PERFORMANCE INDICATORS
Details of new infrastructure WERA Radars for Coffs Harbour have been ordered but the installations have not been done. List of data streams that are available for use in research
Platform / Deployment Start Date Available Ocean Portal Great Barrier Reef (GBR) ‐ Tannum Sands station 1/05/08 01/11/09* Great Barrier Reef (GBR) ‐ Lady Elliott island station 15/10/07 01/11/09* Turquoise Coast (TURQ) ‐ Cervantes station 21/04/09 21/04/10* Turquoise Coast (TURQ) ‐ SeaBird station 26/03/09 21/04/10* South Australia Gulf (SAG) Cape Spencer station 02/12/09 21/04/10* South Australia Gulf (SAG) Cape Wiles station 29/09/09 21/04/10* Perth Canyon (PCY) Fremantle station 19/02/10 21/04/10* Perth Canyon (PCY) Guilderton station 10/03/10 21/04/10* *Data made available on the Ocean Portal during 2009/10
Outline the continuity of one key time series of data to be assessed against an appropriate benchmark for this facility. The benchmark for ACORN is the fraction of time each system is running compared with the time since installation (or the beginning of the period). This encompasses equipment reliability and maintenance as well as environmental factors like power supply, storm damage, environmental influence (e.g. animals), and vandalism. It also includes scheduled downtime for maintenance.
Station % system Start date (for Extended Station Name running this year) TAN 96 1 July 2009 Tannum Sands, Great Barrier Reef, QLD LEI 95 1 July 2009 Lady Elliot Island, Great Barrier Reef, QLD CSP 53 2 Dec 2009 Cape Spencer, SA Gulfs, SA
APX A.7 NCRIS 07 ACORN 74 CWI 74 9 Sep 2009 Cape Wiles, SA Gulfs, SA FRE 94 19 Feb 2010 Fremantle, Rottnest Coast, WA GUI 89 21 Apr 2010 Guilderton, Rottnest Coast, WA SBRD 87 1 July 2009 Seabird, Turquoise Coast, WA CRVT 94 1 July 2009 Cervantes, Turquoise Coast, WA NOCR 83 21 May 2010 Nora Creine, Bonney Coast, SA BFCV ‐ 30 Jun 2010 Blackfellows Caves, Bonney Coast, SA
Meeting researcher needs
Ongoing and new research projects and postgraduate students using IMOS data: • ARC LP0990575: Start October 2009: End September 2012; Wave Climate in the Southern Great Barrier Reef. Chief Investigators: M.L. Heron, James Cook University; M.L. Banner, University of New South Wales; L.R. Wyatt, Sheffield University. Industry Partners: Helzel Messtechnik GmbH (Germany); Seaview Sensing Ltd (UK). Postdoc Employed: Dr Jasmine Jaffres
• ARC LP0562157: Start 2007: End 2011; New tools for managing ecosystem responses to climate change on the Southern Great Barrier Reef. Chief Investigators: O. Hoegh‐Guldberg, University of Queensland; K.R.Anthony, James Cook University; A.Bakun, University of Miami; B.C.Congdon, James Cook University; M.J.Caley, Australian Institute of Marine Science; S.G.Dove, University of Queensland; G.C.Feldman, NASA/Goddard Spae Flight Center; M.L.Heron, James Cook University R.Johnstone, University of Queensland; A.K.Krockenburger, James Cook University; L.J.McCook, Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority; A.E.Strong, NOAA/NESDIS/ORA/ORAD; P.Marshall, Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority. Visiting Researcher to ACORN Laboratory: Dr Diane DiMassa, Massachusetts Maritime Academy, USA.
• Qld Department of Tourism, Regional Development and Industry: Start July 2009: End June 2012. Integrated Marine Observing System: The Great Barrier Reef Observing System. Chief Investigator: M.L.Heron, James Cook University. Postdoc employed: Dr Alessandra Mantovanelli
Quality of research infrastructure
Benchmark against other similar overseas infrastructure We have identified one WERA installation at Liverpool Bay (Proudman Laboratory) and one Seasonde network based in Monterey Bay (Coastal Ocean Current Monitoring Program). Benchmark criteria are being developed.
Fostering Collaborative development of infrastructure
Participation in international programs collecting similar data streams • Planning advice given to NIWA in Wellington, New Zealand for their acquisition of an HF ocean radar facility. • Confidential Report: Douglas Shoal Ship Grounding Survey: R.V.Cape Ferguson. Habitat Damage Monitoring using Multibeam Sonar and Towed Video (TVA) Assessments, A.Negri, P.Speare, R.Berkelmans, T.Stieglitz, R.Botting, M.Stowar, S.Smith, C.Steinberg, R.Brinkman, M.Heron and P.Doherty, Final Report to Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority, June 2010
Other collaborations The publications listed below exemplify collaborations with: • LSEET, CNRS & USTV UMR6017, Batiment F, Toulon, France (Y.Barbin) • NOAA/NESDIS, USA (S.F.Heron, W.J.Skirving)
APX A.7 NCRIS 07 ACORN 75 • Australian Institute of Marine Science (C.Steinberg, F.McCallister, S.Bainbridge, M.Furnas) • Seaview Sensing Ltd, UK (A.Middleditch) • Daronmont Technologies Ltd, SA (P.Marrone) • University of NSW, NSW (M.L.Banner) • Centre for Australian Weather and Climate Research, Bureau of Meteorology, VIC (T.H.Durrant)
Fostering interdisciplinary and world‐class research
List of publications using IMOS data • Heron, M.L. and Y. Barbin, Bistatic HF Ocean Radar: Errors and Limitations, Proc. IEEE Oceans Biloxi, CDrom, Sep 2009. • Heron,S.F., C. R. Steinberg, M.L. Heron, A. Mantovanelli, J.B.D. Jaffrés, W.J. Skirving, F. McAllister and Scott Bainbridge,.Advances in Observing Physical Oceanographic Impacts on Coral Reefs of the Southern Great Barrier Reef, Australia, EOS, American Geophys. Union, in press, 2010 • Mantovanelli, A., M.L. Heron, and A. Prytz, The use of HF radar surface currents for computing Lagrangian trajectories: benefits and issues, IEEE Oceans Sydney, CDrom, May 2010. • Atwater, D.P., and M.L.Heron, Error Estimates for HF Ocean Radar Surface Currents, IEEE Oceans Sydney, CDrom, May 2010. • DiMassa, D.D., M. L. Heron, A. Mantovanelli, S. F. Heron, C. Steinberg, Can Vertical Mixing from Turbulent Kinetic Energy Mitigate Coral Bleaching?: An Application of HF Ocean Radar. IEEE Oceans Sydney, CDrom, May 2010. • Jaffrés, J.B.D., M.L. Heron, A. Middleditch and C. R. Steinberg, Waves in the Southern Great Barrier Reef. IEEE Oceans Sydney, CDrom, May 2010. • Bainbridge,S., C. Steinberg, M.L. Heron and M. Furnas, Integrating Observation Systems: an example from the Great Barrier Reef. IEEE Oceans Sydney, CDrom, May 2010. IEEE Oceans Sydney, CDrom, May 2010. • Bainbridge,S., C. Steinberg and M.L.Heron, Integrating Observations: an example from the Great Barrier Reef Why Integration matters and why achieving Integration is harder than it looks − lessons from the Reef, Sea Technology, in press, 2010 • Heron, M.L. and P.Marrone, Wind Direction Manifestation on HF Ocean Radar Echoes, IEEE Oceans Sydney, CDrom, May 2010. • Heron,M.L. J.B.D.Jaffres and A.Middleditch, Wave and wind parameters from HF ocean radar, CAWCR Waves Symposium, Gold Coast, May 2010, Proceedings in press. • Jaffrés, J.B.D., M. L. Heron, M.L.Banner, A. Middleditch C.R. Steinbergand T.H Durrant, Evaluation of ADCP wave, WaveWatch III and HF Radar data on the GBR, CAWCR Waves Symposium, Gold Coast, May 2010, Proceedings in press.
Details of public seminars held in relation to this facility Seminar: School of Environmental and Earth Sciences, James Cook University: Heron, M.L., The Australian Coastal Ocean Radar Network, 2009
Details of participation in other conferences, symposia or workshops in relation to this facility Workshop Attendance: The annual Radio Oceanography Workshop is a technical meeting for the HF ocean radar community. It is essential that someone from ACORN attend this to present our work and to share relevant experiences. Workshop Paper ‐ Heron, M.L, The Australian Coastal Ocean Radar Network, Radio Oceanography Workshop, Split, Croatia, 2009.
APX A.7 NCRIS 07 ACORN 76
2009/10 Implementation Plan – Deployments Activity/Deployment/Location Responsible Responsible Person/ Finish Status Comments Organisation(s) Support Staff / Update GBR: Establish phone link to Lady Elliot Island ACORN Atwater 31Mar09 Achieved − Tower GBR data streaming to archive ACORN & eMII Prytz/Mancini 30Apr 09 Achieved HF radar data Workshops in QLD ACORN & GBROOS Heron 31Jul09 Delete Install SeaSondes in WA at Seabird and ACORN Heron/Atwater/Page 30Apr 09 Achieved Cervantes WA SeaSonde data in real time to archive ACORN & eMII Prytz/Mancini 31Oct 09 Achieved Install WERAs in WA at Guilderton & ACORN Heron/Page/Atwater 30Jun 09 Achieved Leighton Beach WA WERA data in real time to archive ACORN & eMII Prytz/Mancini 31Aug09 Achieved HF radar data applications Workshop in WA ACORN/WAIMOS Heron 30Sep 09 Delete Superseded by eMII workshops Install WERAs in SA Gulfs ACORN Heron/Page/Atwater 31Aug09 Achieved SA Gulfs WERA data in real time to archive ACORN & eMII Prytz/Mancini 31Oct 09 Achieved Install NSW WERAs at Coffs Harbour ACORN Heron/Page/Atwater 31Dec09 Delayed NSW WERA data in real time to archive ACORN & eMII Prytz/Mancini 31Mar10 Delayed HF radar data applications Workshop in NSW ACORN & NSWMOS Heron 30Apr 10 Delete Superseded by eMII workshops Install SA SeaSondes on Bonney Coast ACORN Heron/Atwater/Page 31Mar10 Achieved SA Bonney Coast data in real time to archive ACORN & eMII Prytz/Mancini 31May10 Achieved HF radar data applications workshop in SA ACORN/SAIMOS Heron 31May10 Delete Superseded by eMII workshops ACORN performance report ACORN/Nodes Heron 31Dec10 In Progress ACORN benchmarking report ACORN Heron 31Dec10 In Progress
APX A.7 NCRIS 07 ACORN 77
NCRIS Facility: Australian Animal Tagging and Monitoring Systems (AATAMS)
Facility Leader: Rob Harcourt, Sydney Institute of Marine Science (SIMS)
Contact details: Phone: 02 9850 7970 Email: [email protected]
Note: Please see Appendix B.5 for the EIF work done in 2009/10 by AATAMS.
Overview of status of Facility
Overall AATAMS has performed beyond expectations with a broad based, active research user community throughout Australia and with a large number of projects developed utilising AATAMS infrastructure from Universities, CSIRO, State and federal government organisations and private industry.
Equipment and Deployment • Purchase and receipt of 290 Vemco VR2W receiver units, 146 acoustic releases, 100 temperature loggers, and one active tracking system • Ningaloo Reef Ecosystem Tracking Array (NRETA) serviced and downloaded in Dec 2009 and July 2010 with the collaboration of AIMS • Over 1,000,000 detections from over 200 fishes, sharks and rays tagged within NRETA; • Glenelg line serviced and data downloaded in April 2010 with the collaboration of SARDI • Bondi line serviced and downloaded in July 2010 with the collaboration of SIMS; • OTN Rottnest Island/Perth line serviced in February 2010 with the collaboration of Department of Fisheries, Western Australia • Equipment deployed to investigate acoustic receiver detection range under various environmental conditions has been retrieved and a paper on detection variability is being prepared. This is likely to be extensively used by the acoustic telemetry community to quantitatively assess detections from curtain deployments; • Servicing of the Cabbage Tree Bay Aquatic Reserve (CTBAR) Monitoring Array. This array has been deployed to test and improve new small‐scale positioning technology provided by Vemco and is also being used by a number of research students for postgraduate research • Over 2,500,000 detections within CTBAR • Successful submission and awarding of applications for 29 receivers from the mobile pool for 2009/10 • Successful applications and allocation of the active tracking system when not in use for calibration of AATAMS curtains
Major meetings and conference attendance • 13 AATAMS Scientific meetings held to date, including teleconferences with OTN, SAIMOS, PirVic & WA • AATAMS TO Andrew Boomer and AATAMS Scientific committee chair, Jayson Semmens attended the Ocean Tracking Network (OTN) database management workshop in Dalhousie Canada and while there visited the Vemco head office • AATAMS highlighted by OTN as the most advanced region within OTN and as an example that other regions should follow • AATAMS Acoustic Telemetry Workshop held at Sydney Institute of Marine Science (SIMS) during November 2009 with over 60 participants • Researchers and PhD students utilising the AATAMS network presented three different papers at the Australian Marine Sciences Association Meeting , Adelaide
APX A.8 NCRIS 08 AATAMS 78 • Researchers and PhD students utilising the AATAMS network presented five different papers at the Sharks International Conference, Townsville • Researchers and PhD students utilising the AATAMS network presented five different papers at the Australian Society for Fish Biology Conference, Fremantle • Researchers students utilising the AATAMS network presented three different papers at the White Shark Conference, Hawaii
Difficulties OTN has been delayed due to funds not being released until 2010. As a consequence OTN has only in part been able to distribute promised equipment, but contracts have now been signed. OTN equipment was supposed to be provided around April–June 2008. AATAMS has been moved forward on the revised OTN schedule for deployment of the OTN receivers. The first OTN conference in June 2008 was seen by overseas collaborators as an indication that OTN was progressing albeit at a slower rate than originally planned and as an opportunity to address the issues originating from the delay in providing committed equipment. See Breakthroughs for the latest development with the OTN equipment.
Breakthroughs The AATAMS facility leader and TO organised meetings with GBROOS, AIMS, JCU, and GBRMPA to discuss potential extension of AATAMS and to complete gaps in the current coverage area. Further collaborations were also sought with UTAS, CSIRO and TAFI. Both collaborations with Northern Queensland and Tasmania aimed at improving AATAMS capacity building, R&D and collaboration between nodes. Enhancements in NSW and Northern Queensland resulted in new EIF round (se EIF reports).
Due to the advanced stage of AATAMS compared to other regions, and its internationally recognized prowess, OTN allocated substantial pilot funds to AATAMS to provide the Australian community with the Rottnest Island/Perth OTN line. This line was deployed in February 2009 and serviced February 2010.
A major aim of AATAMS over and above providing infrastructure has been to provide a platform for information and tag detection exchange for the research community. The research community using the AATAMS network have increasingly been able to obtain detections of their tagged organisms from receivers outside of their own project’s array. A summary of the exchange of detections between projects is provided below: • Dusky whaler sharks detected by receivers deployed for grey nurse sharks • Dusky whaler sharks detected by receivers deployed for Mulloways • Mulloways detected by receivers deployed for grey nurse sharks • Stingarees detected by receivers deployed for white sharks • Southern bluefin tuna detected by receivers deployed for white sharks • White sharks detected by receivers deployed for southern bluefin tuna • Seven‐gill sharks detected by receivers deployed for white sharks • Gummy sharks detected by receivers deployed for white sharks • Flathead detected by receivers deployed for white sharks • Bull and white sharks, wobbegongs, dusky whaler sharks, yellow tailed kingfish and mullet have all been detected on Bondi line
Meetings of the AATAMS Data sub‐committee Chaired by Colin Simpfendorfer (Director of the Fishing and Fisheries Research Centre)
APX A.8 NCRIS 08 AATAMS 79 A description of activities undertaken to establish and operate the infrastructure
• Regular meetings of AATAMS Scientific Committee and Data Committees • Ningaloo: deployment and servicing at 6 monthly intervals from AATAMS via in‐kind support from AIMS, CSIRO and Murdoch University. • Glenelg: deployment and servicing at 6 monthly intervals from SARDI with support from AATAMS. • Perth: deployment and servicing at 6 monthly intervals from Fisheries WA with support from AATAMS and OTN. • Sydney: deployment and servicing at 6 monthly intervals with support from AATAMS, Macquarie University and SIMS. • Coffs Harbour: deployment and servicing planned for 6 monthly intervals supported by AATAMS and NSW marine parks. • The AATAMS team has strengthened relationships with its partners and users which in turn support the national framework and subsequent deployments and recoveries processes, data uptake and collaboration via promotional activities such as the biannual AATAMS workshop. These workshops bring the acoustic community together to discuss the various aspects of acoustic telemetry. The most recent of which had in attendance over 80 members of various institutions including the private and government sectors from Australia, New Zealand, Canada and Portugal. • AATAMS is also collaborating with Underwater Australia and Sydney Aquarium in a display located Sydney Aquarium covering tracking sharks around coastal Australia. This display is expected to attract over 200,000 visitors annually.
Additional activities undertaken;
There have been no deviations from the Project Plan submitted 2009/10 by the AATAMS facility.
Agreed activities not completed and an explanation why they were not completed;
AATAMS had outlined two lines in the 2009/10 project plan which were to be deployed in the southern waters of Victoria. This deployment was to be part of our largest co‐investment from the Ocean Tracking Network (OTN). OTN has had significant delays in funding that have resulted in deployment delays of all proposed equipment.
Remedial action proposed, including timeframes.
The Ocean Tracking Network (OTN) have after extensive delays had their funding approved. AATAMS is currently coordinating with OTN State and National partners to plan the proposed deployments for late 2010.
PERFORMANCE INDICATORS
Providing research infrastructure
Details of new infrastructure (including that ordered but not received by 30 June)
AATAMS Coffs Harbour: in February 2010 fifteen acoustic moorings were deployed in the Coffs Harbour marine park with in‐kind support from SIMS. This equipment runs from Wooli River mouth to the seaward extent of the Marine Park on the eastern side of North Solitary Island. The total value of the deployed equipment is $84,285.00.
APX A.8 NCRIS 08 AATAMS 80 List of data streams that are available for use in research
All AATAMS acoustic data is available in eMII. Data streams are restricted to acoustic tag IDs recorded per individual animal at each AATAMS receiver. Volume of data exceeds four million detections as of 2nd August 2010. All data can be accessed via the IMOS portal eMII
Outline the continuity of one key time series of data to be assessed against an appropriate benchmark for this facility.
AATAMS dataset will be assessed against an equivalent (in mechanics not in scale) dataset ‐ that held by POST with caveat that POST is an order of magnitude larger and has been in existence for many more years.
Meeting researcher needs
Ongoing and new research projects and postgraduate students using IMOS data:
• Assessing the adequacy and effectiveness of eastern blue groper protection within Bronte‐ Coogee Aquatic Reserve utilising habitat mapping and acoustic monitoring techniques. DECCW‐ NSW & Macquarie University, McDonald, Huveneers and Harcourt; July 2009‐June 2011. Funded by Caring for Coasts. Partners: Sydney Institute for Marine Science, Macquarie University, SARDI, Flinders University, Randwick Council, Waverly Council. • Project Manta – A multidisciplinary study of an iconic species. The University of Queensland, Kathy Townsend, Mike Bennett, Anthony Richardson and Scarla Weeks; Jan 2007 to Dec 2013. Partners: CSIRO, Earthwatch, Lady Elliot Island Resort, CRL, Sea World, Redland City Council, SEQ Catchments, Manta Lodge and Scuba Centre. * Uses EIF AATAMS data also. • The aggregative behaviour of snapper (Chrysophrys auratus) and their interactions with white sharks (Carcharodon carcharias). SARDI,Tony Fowler, Charlie Huveneers, Mike Steer; November ‐April 2010, Funding By SARDI. • Preliminary acoustic monitoring of sharks on the Ribbon Reefs. School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, James Cook University. Michelle Heupel. Partners: Richard Fitzpatrick (Reef Channel) and Colin Simpfendorfer (JCU). Jan 2008‐Aug 2008. * Uses EIF AATAMS data also. • Ecological Management sub‐project ‐ assessing native fish behaviour in response to flow in a dryland river (Moonie R, southwest QLD)eWater CRC (led by QLD Department of Environment and Resource Management),Jon Marshall (DERM) and Stephen Balcombe (Griffith University); September 2007‐December 2010. Partners: DERM, Griffith University, Arthur Rylah Insatiate, Monash University • Longitudinal movement of Tandanus tandanus in the Pioneer R, QLD: the influence of flow and connectivity,QLD Department of Environment and Resource Management. Jon Marshall (DERM) and Stephen Balcombe (Griffith University); August 2010‐May 2011.Partners: DERM, Griffith University • Sub‐tropical Queensland Great white and bull shark tagging program, QLD fisheries, Jonathan M. Werry. January 2010‐December 2015.Collaborators: Griffith University. * Uses EIF AATAMS data also. • What size do Marine Protected Area Sanctuary Zones need to be in order to protect the Near‐ Threatened Western Blue Groper and Harlequin Fish? Simon Bryars, Department of Environment and Natural Resources, SA. January 2009‐May 2010. Partners: Paul Rogers, Charlie Huveneers (South Australian Research and Development Institute), Nicholas Payne (University of Adelaide),
APX A.8 NCRIS 08 AATAMS 81 Ian Smith (Zoos South Australia), Bryan McDonald (Department of Environment and Natural Resources) • Understanding the residence time and movement patterns of whaler sharks (Carcharhinus spp.) along the Adelaide metropolitan beaches, SARDI ‐ Aquatic Sciences/Flinders University.Charlie Huveneers. 2010‐2013. Partners: DENR. • Acoustic telemetry in Northern Spencer Gulf, South Australia: understanding the spawning aggregative behaviour of snapper (Chrysophrys auratus) and their interactions with white sharks (Carcharodon carcharias). SARDI ‐ Aquatic Sciences/Flinders University. Charlie Huveneers. 2010‐ 2011. • Movement and home ranges of the Harlequin Fish, Department for the Environment and Natural Resources, Simon Bryars. 2010‐2011 Partners: SARDI ‐ Aquatic Sciences/Flinders University/University of Adelaide. • Habitat use and movement patterns of grey reef sharks in Palau, Australian Institute of Marine Science, Mark Meekan. Started 2008 and is ongoing. Partners: Micronesian Shark Foundation, Save Our Seas Foundation, University of Western Australia. • Understanding the vulnerability of key inshore and estuarine fish species: New opportunities with accelerometer telemetry, UTAS, Jayson Semmens. 2008‐2010. Partners: Vemco. • Understanding movement patterns in key recreational species, UTAS, Jeremy Lyle. 2008‐2010. Partners: Inland Fisheries • Towards Integrated Multi‐species management of Australia’s SE Reef Fisheries: A Tasmanian example, UTAS and CSIRO, Stewart Frusher. 2007‐2010. Partners: DPIPWE. • Movement and migration of carp in the Murray‐Darling basin, Marine and Freshwater Fisheries Research Inst., Fisheries Victoria. Paul Brown 2008‐2011. Partners: Invasive Animals CRC, NSW I&I • Rebuilding ecosystem resilience: Assessment of management options to minimise formation of ‘Barrens’ habitat by the long –spined sea urchin (Centrostephanus rodgersii) in Tasmania, UTAS, Craig Johnson. 2007‐2010. Partners: DPIPWE. • Spatial management of reef fisheries and ecosystems: Understanding the importance of movement, UTAS, Colin Buxton. 2004‐2010. Partners: DPIPWE, NT Fisheries. • Estimating and maximising the survival of key species released by recreational fishers in NSW, Industry & Investment. Dec 2003‐June 2012 • Grey Nurse Shark south‐east Australian Coastal Acoustic Monitoring System (SEACAMS), Industry & Investment. March 2006‐March 2008. • Great white shark tagging project, Industry & Investment. July 2006‐June 2007. • EFishtrack': Effects of flows and barriers on the distribution, abundance, movements and migration of freshwater fishes in the Clarence River System, Industry & Investment. Dec 2006‐ June 2011. • Offshore Artificial Reefs Research Program, Industry & Investment. June 2009‐June 2013. • Movements and biology of coastal sharks in NSW, Industry & Investment. Oct 2007‐Sep 2012 • Movements and ecological interactions of key fish species in estuaries and coastal waters of NSW, Industry & Investment. Dec 2008‐Dec 2013. • Assessment of barotrauma and its mitigation measures on the behaviour and survival of offshore species in NSW, Industry & Investment. Dec 2009‐May 2012. Partners: University of Western Sydney
Postgraduate research projects:
• MPhil in Environmental Science; Assessing the efficacy of small marine protected areas for the conservation of wobbegong sharks and the eastern blue grouper; Macquarie University; Kate Lee. September 2009‐September 2011. Rob Harcourt (MQ NSW), Charlie Huveneers (SARDI SA), Vic Peddemors (I & I, NSW).
APX A.8 NCRIS 08 AATAMS 82 • PhD in Environmental Science; Plasticity of mating systems in the giant Australian cuttlefish, Sepia apama; Macquarie University; Alex Schnell. September 2010‐ September 2013. Rob Harcourt (MQ NSW), Jayson Semmens (UTas), Roger Hanlon (Woods Hole Oceanographic Instution, USA). • PhD; Study of factors influencing fish movements; University of Technology, Sydney; Gwenael Cadiou. February 2010 – February 2014.Prof. David Booth. Partners: UNSW, I&I NSW, DECCW (Jervis Bay Marine Park) Co‐financers: SIMS. • PhD; Movement, Feeding and Behaviour of Reef Sharks at Ningaloo Reef, Western Australia; Charles Darwin University / Australian Institute of Marine Science; Conrad Speed. January 2007‐ July 2011. Partners Involved: AATAMS, University of Adelaide, Macquarie University, AIMS, CSIRO, DEC, WA Fisheries, Eonfusion. Professor Corey Bradshaw (Uni Adelaide), Dr Mark Meekan (AIMS), Dr Iain Field (MQ), and Dr Clive McMahon (CDU). • PhD ; Broad‐scale movements of marine megafauna and links to ocean dynamics and productivity: A case study on east Australian manta rays; The University of Queensland; Fabrice Jaine. March 2009‐March 2012. Kathy Townsend, Scarla Weeks, Anthony Richardson, Mike Bennett. * Uses EIF AATAMS data also. • PhD ; Conservation biology and ecology of manta rays (Manta alfredi) of eastern Australia; The University of Queensland; Lydie Couturier. June 2009–June 2012. Mike Bennett, Kathy Townsend, Scarla Weeks and Anthony Richardson. * Uses EIF AATAMS data also. • Honours; Seasonal variability in zooplankton nutritional quality in relation to manta ray (Manta alfredi) occurrence at North Stradbroke Island ; The University of Queensland; Nathalie Verlinden. February ‐November2010. Kathy Townsend, Anthony Richardson, Mike Bennett and Scarla Weeks. * Uses EIF AATAMS data also. • Third year undergraduate project; Investigations into the behaviour of acoustically monitored Manta alfredi at Lady Elliot Island; The University of Queensland; Peggy Newman. February‐June 2010. Mike Bennett, Kathy Townsend, Anthony Richardson, and Scarla Weeks. * Uses EIF AATAMS data also. • PhD; Spatial Ecology of Inshore Predators; School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, James Cook University; Danielle Knip. Jan 2009‐Jan 2012. Colin Simpfendorfer. Partners: Michelle Heupel (JCU), David Welch (QDEEDI/JCU), John Carlson (NOAA). Funding Agency: ARC, Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority and Queensland Seafood Industry Association. * Uses EIF AATAMS data also. • PhD; Spatial Ecology of Inshore Predators; School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, James Cook University; Andrew Chin. Jan 2009 to Jan 2012. Colin Simpfendorfer. Partners: Michelle Heupel (JCU), David Welch (QDEEDI/JCU), John Carlson (NOAA). Funding Agency: ARC, Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority and Queensland Seafood Industry Association. * Uses EIF AATAMS data also. • PhD; Spatial Ecology of Inshore Predators; School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, James Cook University; Jimmy White. Jan 2009‐2012. Colin Simpfendorfer. Partners: Michelle Heupel (JCU), David Welch (QDEEDI/JCU), John Carlson (NOAA). Funding Agency: ARC, Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority and Queensland Seafood Industry Association. * Uses EIF AATAMS data also. • PhD; Trophic ecology of the Manta ray in lagoonal systems of Ningaloo Reef WA; Murdoch University, Kenneth Frazer McGregor. Zjune 2006 – December 2010. Dr Mike Van Keulen (MU), Dr Anya Waite (UWA), Dr Mark Meekan (AIMS). Funding Agency: Murdoch University, Australian Institute for Marine Science. • PhD; Demography and ecology of demersal stingrays at Ningaloo Reef, Western Australia; Murdoch University / Australian Institute of Marine Science; Owen R. O'Shea. January 2009‐July 2012. Dr Mark Meekan (AIMS), Mike van Keulen (Murdoch University). Partners: AATAMS, AIMS, CSIRO, DEC, WA Fisheries, Eonfusion.
APX A.8 NCRIS 08 AATAMS 83 • PhD; Demography and migration patterns of manta rays (Manta birostris) at Ningaloo Reef; Charles Darwin University / Australian Institute of Marine Science; Florencia Cerutti. January 2007‐July 2011. Professor Corey Bradshaw (Uni Adelaide), Dr Mark Meekan (AIMS), and Professor Chris Austin (CDU). Partners: AATAMS, University of Adelaide, AIMS, CSIRO, DEC, WA Fisheries, Eonfusion. • PhD; Population structure, spatial ecology and socio‐economic value of reef sharks in Palau, Micronesia; University of Western Australia/Australian Institute of Marine Science; Gabriel Vianna. March 2010‐March 2013. Mark Meekan (AIMS), Jessica Meeuwig (Centre for Marine Futures), Gary Kendrick (Centre for Marine Futures). • PhD; The impact of fish aggregating devices (FADs) on the movement of two tropical tuna species (Katsuwonus pelamis and Thunnus albacares); UTAS and CSIRO; Kilian Stehfest. 2009‐ current. Jayson Semmens (UTAS), Mark Hindell (UTAS), Toby Paterson (CSIRO) and Laurent Dagorn (Institute for Development Research, France (IRD)). • PhD; The role of higher trophic level predators on inshore ecosystems and their interactions with fisheries: A case study examining Sevengill sharks (Notorynchus cepedianus); UTAS and CSIRO; Adam Barnett. 2006‐current. Jayson Semmens (UTAS), John Stevens (CSIRO) and Stewart Frusher (UTAS). • PhD; The ecology of the zebra shark Stegostoma fasciatum; with emphasis on a seasonal aggregation in south‐east Queensland, Australia; UQ and UTAS; Chris Dudgeon. 2004‐2009. Janet Lanyon (UQ), Jenny Ovenden (QDPI) and Jayson Semmens (UTAS). • PhD; Movement and migration of the giant Australian cuttlefish, Sepia apama; Uni of Adelaide and UTAS; Nicholas Payne. 2007‐current. Bronwyn Gillanders (Uni Adelaide) and Jayson Semmens (UTAS). • PhD; Observed grouping behaviour in the mourning cuttlefish Sepia plangon: evidence of social interactions; Macquarie Uni, UTAS, Museum Victoria; Candace McBride. 2008‐current. Jane Williamson (Macquarie Uni), Jayson Semmens (UTAS) and Mark Norman (Museum Victoria). • PhD; Investigating the Determinants of Population Structuring in the Temperate Reef Fish Cheilodactylus spectabilis; UTAS; Jaime McAllister. 2010‐current. Jeremy Lyle, Jayson Semmens and Colin Buxton. • MPhil by research; Movements and habitat use of Freshwater Sawfish (Pristis microdon) and Northern River Shark (Glyphis garricki) in Western Australia; Murdoch University; Jeff Whitty. February 2007‐September 2010. David Morgan. • PhD; Optimising stock enhancement of mulloway Argyrosomus japonicas; UNSW; Alexander Pursche. March 2007‐September 2010. Matt Taylor & Iain Suthers. • PhD (Environmental Management); Movement patterns and spawning aggregation dynamics of coral trout Plectropomus at the Abrolhos Islands; Edith Cowan University; Jason How. December 2007 ‐ April 2008. Glenn Hyndes.
Quality of research infrastructure
Benchmark against other similar overseas infrastructure
The Pacific Ocean Shelf Tracking project (POST) was created to monitor the movement of marine animals through an array of acoustic receivers set along the west coast of North America similar to the arrays proposed in Australia through AATAMS. AATAMS is collaborating with POST to ensure the creation of an international database compatible with the eMII portal. Both POST and AATAMS are part of the international project OTN. AATAMS has been leading the charge for OTN (Ocean Tracking Network (OTN), a CA$168‐million conservation project that is conducting the world’s most comprehensive examination of marine life and ocean conditions). With AATAMS/IMOS we have integrated tracking of marine animals with oceanographic partners in a way that OTN acknowledges sets the standard for elsewhere, we have an operating data portal that has worked through many
APX A.8 NCRIS 08 AATAMS 84 issues the rest of OTN are now contemplating using as a model and we will be presenting this model at the OTN Global Coordination Meeting in Dalhousie, Canada, this Nov 2011.
Fostering Collaborative development of infrastructure
Participation in international programs collecting similar data streams
As stated above, AATAMS is in communication with POST and is collaborating to ensure the creation of an international database compatible with our already existing database. AATAMS is a leading part of OTN which is co‐investing $1.25 million by providing acoustic receivers and releases to AATAMS. AATAMS is collaborating with NIWA (New Zealand) to establish a data exchange mechanism for the Oceania region as well as coordinating national partners working in locations such as Palau.
Other collaborations
AATAMS is currently supporting a display at Sydney Aquarium created by Underwater Australia. This display currently highlights various aspect of marine tracking of sharks including acoustic telemetry. The Sydney Aquarium has over 200,000 public visitors per year.
Fostering interdisciplinary and world‐class research
List of publications using IMOS data
Journal Articles • Speed, C., Field, I., Meekan, M., Bradshaw, C. 2010. Complexities of coastal shark movements and their implications for management. Marine Ecology Progress Series 408: 275–293, 2010 • Lee, KA, Huveneers, C, Peddemors, V, Smith, F and Harcourt; (submitted) Coping with error: using fine‐scale acoustic telemetry to assess the habitat use of wobbegong sharks; 2010; PLoS One • Field IC, Meekan MG, Speed CW, White W, Bradshaw CJA (in review) Quantifying movement patterns for shark conservation at remote coral atolls in the Indian Ocean. 2010 Coral Reefs
Reports • Speed, C, Field, I, Meekan, M and Bradshaw, C. 2009. Movement feeding and behaviour of reef sharks at Ningaloo Reef, Western Australia. AATAMS Receiver pool reports. http://imos.org.au/463.html • Speed, C.W., Meekan, M.G., Field, I.C., Huveneers, C., Harcourt, R., Mcauley, R.B., Stevens, J.D., Mcgregor, F., Bradshaw, C.J.A. 2008. Monitoring reef shark movement patterns with the Ningaloo Reef Ecosystem Tracking Array. In Waples, K and Hollander, E. 2008. Ningaloo Research Progress Report: Discovering Ningaloo – latest findings and their implications for management. Ningaloo Research Coordinating Committee. Department of Environment and Conservation, WA.p20‐21. • Fox, R. 2009 Movement patterns and habitat use of rabbitfishes (f: Siganidae) on the Great Barrier Reef as a link to ecosystem function. Published in AATAMS Receiver Pool Half Yearly Reports ‐ http://imos.org.au/461.html • Barnett, A., Tracey, S., Semmens, J., Lyle, J.,Stevens, J. and Forbes, E. 2009. Movement patterns, habitat use and species interactions of key shark and finfish species in coastal systems. Published in AATAMS Receiver Pool Half Yearly Reports ‐ http://imos.org.au/461.html
APX A.8 NCRIS 08 AATAMS 85 • Bryars, S. 2009. What size do Marine Protected Area Sanctuary Zones need to be in order to protect the Near‐Threatened Western Blue Groper and Harlequin Fish? Published in AATAMS Receiver Pool Half Yearly Reports ‐ http://imos.org.au/461.html • Dunstan, A. 2009. Project: Coral Sea nautilus tracking. Published in AATAMS Receiver Pool Yearly Reports ‐ http://imos.org.au/463.html • Barnett, A., Tracey, S., Semmens, J., Lyle, J.,Stevens, J. and Forbes, E. 2008. Movement patterns, habitat use and species interactions of key shark and finfish species in coastal systems. Published in AATAMS Receiver Pool Yearly Reports ‐ http://imos.org.au/463.html • Stieglitz, T. 2008. The Yongala's Halo of Holes ‐ Who is Digging It? Published in AATAMS Receiver Pool Yearly Reports ‐ http://imos.org.au/463.html • Field, I.C., Bradshaw, C.J.A., & Meekan, M.A. 2007. Project: Habitat use and migration patterns of silvertip and grey reef sharks at the Rowley Shoals, Western Australia. Published in AATAMS Receiver Pool Yearly Reports ‐http://imos.org.au/463.html • Bennett, M., Townsend, K., Weeks, S., Richardson, A., Couturier, L. & Jaine, F. 2009. Project Manta. Published in AATAMS Receiver Pool Yearly Reports ‐ http://imos.org.au/463.html
Conference Presentations • Harcourt, R. 2010. The Australian Integrated Marine Observing System, IMOS: potential for integration with blue whale studies. Invited Spoken Presentation. Blue Whale Workshop, Flinders University, Adelaide, 12‐16 July, 2010 • Bestley S., Rintoul S., Charrassin J‐C. 2010. Seals reveal ocean‐ice interaction in East Antarctica. International Polar Year Science Conference, Oslo, Norway • Field I.C., Harcourt R.G., Sumner M.D., Hindell M.A. 2010. Insights from MEOP: Four dimensional foraging habitat of southern elephant seals from Macquarie Island. International Polar Year Science Conference, Oslo, Norway. • MEOP partners 2010. The MEOP Project: Marine Mammals Exploring the Oceans Pole to Pole. International Polar Year Science Conference, Oslo, Norway (presented by Fedak MA). • Williams G. 2010. New insights into polynya dynamics from Seal‐mounted CTDs. SASSI Workshop, International Polar Year Science Conference, Oslo, Norway. • Boomer, A, Huveneers, C, Goldsworthy, S, Hindell, M, Semmens, J, Tattersall, K, Field, I, Harcourt, R. 2010. Australian Animal Tagging and Monitoring System (AATAMS): higher predators providing sustained observations of the marine environment, Poster presentation. AMSA annual conference, Wollongong, 5‐8 July, 2010. • McGregor K. 2010. Frazer Habitat utilisation and human conflict: a manta ray case study at Ningaloo Reef, Western Australia. Manta ray symposium/workshop, Papeete, Tahiti, French Polynesia, June 2010 • Bradford, R.W., Bruce, B. 2010. Identifying juvenile white shark behaviour from electronic tag data. Oral presentation: International White Shark Symposium, 7‐10 February 2010, Honolulu, Hawaii • Bruce, B. 2010. Research on white sharks in Australian waters, keynote speaker, Oral presentation. Sharks International, Cairns, 6‐11 June 2010. • Bruce, B. 2010. Research and conservation efforts on white sharks in Australian waters ‐ current status and future directions. Oral presentation International White Shark Symposium, 7‐10 February 2010, Honolulu, Hawaii. • Bruce, B. & Bradford, R.W. 2010. The potential for aerial surveys of juvenile white sharks in eastern Australia. Poster presentation: International White Shark Symposium, 7‐10 February 2010, Honolulu, Hawaii • Couturier, LIE, Jaine, FRA, Townsend, K, Weeks, S, Richardson, AJ & Bennett , MB 2010. Local site fidelity and regional movements of the manta ray, 2010. Manta alfredi, along the eastcoast of Australia, Oral presentation. Sharks International, Cairns, 6‐11 June 2010.
APX A.8 NCRIS 08 AATAMS 86 • Hindell, M, 2010. Foraging habitat of predators and areas of ecological significance in the Southern Ocean. Oral presentation , IMAS seminar, University of Tasmania. • Lee, KA, Huveneers, C, Peddemors, V, Smith, F & Harcourt, R. 2010. VPS, a novel use of VR2W’s for long‐term precise movement assessment: trials and tribulations in determining wobbegong shark habitat use, Oral presentation. Sharks International, Cairns, 6‐11 June 2010. • Lee, KA, Huveneers, C, Peddemors, V, McDonald, T and Harcourt, R; Assessing the efficacy of small marine protected areas for the conservation of wobbegong sharks and eastern blue groupers; 4 November 2009; AATAMS workshop; Sydney • Smoothey, AF, Peddemors, VM, Gray, CA & Kennelly, SJ. 2010. Patterns of distribution and movement of adult bull sharks in Sydney Harbour. Oral presentation. Sharks International, Cairns, 6‐11 June 2010. • Speed, CW, Meekan, MG, Field, IC, McMahon, C, Stevens, JD, Huveneers, C, McGregor, F, Berger, Y & Bradshaw, CJA, 2010. Reef shark aggregation monitoring with acoustic telemetry at Ningaloo. Oral presentation. Sharks International, Cairns, 6‐11 June 2010. • Speed, C.W., Meekan, M.G., Field, I.C., Bradshaw, C.J.A. 2008 Reef shark movement patterns at Ningaloo Reef, WA. Coast to Coast, 21 August 2008, Darwin Convention Centre, Darwin, Northern Territory. https://www.coast2coast.org.au/pdfs/DRAFT_C2C8_Timetable.xls • Goldsworthy. S. 2010. Using animal sensors to understand and monitor our marine environment. Presentation Science and Technology (IMarEST), South Australian Branch, Institute of Marine Engineering. • Goldsworthy, S., Page, B., Baylis, A., Bool,N., Caines, N., Daly,K., Einoder, L., Hamer, D., Huveneers, C., Lowther, A. McLeay, L., Peters, K., Roberts, P., Rogers, P., Wiebkin, A., Bulman, C. & Ward, T. 2009. Plenary Oral Presentation. Marine connectivity of high trophic level predators in the eastern Great Australian Bight: linking spatial and temporal use to regional oceanographic features. Oral presentation Australian Marine Science Association Conference. 5–9 July 2009. Adelaide Convention Centre, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia • Huveneers C., Harcourt, R., Boomer, A., Hobday, A., Pederson, H., Semmens, J., Stieglitz, T., Vallee, R., Webber, D., Heupel, M., Simpfendorfer, C. & Peddemors, V. 2009. The influence of environmental parameters (meteorological and oceanographic) on the performance of acoustic receivers. AATAMS 2nd workshop 2–4 November 2009. • Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia • Lee, K., Huveneers C., Peddemors, V., MacDonald, T. & Harcourt, R. 2009. Assessing the efficiency of small marine protected areas for the conservation of eastern blue groper and wobbegong sharks. AATAMS 2nd workshop 2–4 November 2009. Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia • Huveneers, C., Bruce, B., Hobday, A., Speed, C., Meekan, M. & Harcourt, R. 2009. The Australian Acoustic Tagging and Monitoring System (AATAMS): applications for high trophic level predators. Australian Marine Science Association Conference. 5–9 July 2009. Adelaide Convention Centre, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia • Bryars, S., Paul R., Huveneers, C., Smith, I., Payne, N. & McDonald, B. 2009. What size do no‐take marine reserves need to be for total protection of adult western blue groper? Australian Marine Science Association Conference. 5–9 July 2009. Adelaide Convention Centre, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. • Boomer, A., Huveneers, C., Semmens, J., Harcourt, R. 2009. The Australian Acoustic Tagging and Monitoring System (AATAMS): creating a network of acoustic receivers for the community. Poster presentation. Australian Marine Science Association Conference. 5–9 July 2009. Adelaide Convention Centre, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. • Huveneers, C., Lee, K., Peddemors, V., Webber, D., Vallee, R., Harcourt, R.G. & MacDonald, T. 2009. Fine‐scale position of wobbegongs within an aquatic reserve – novel use for VR2W acoustic receiver. 8th Indo‐Pacific Fish Conference & 2009 Australian Society for Fish Biology Conference. 31 May–5 June 2009, The Esplanade Hotel, Fremantle, Western Australia.
APX A.8 NCRIS 08 AATAMS 87 • Speed, C., Meekan, M., Stevens, J., Huveneers, C., Pillans, R., McAuley, R., McGregor, F., and Bradshaw, C. 2009. Movement patterns of reef sharks at Ningaloo Reef. 8th Indo‐Pacific Fish Conference & 2009 Australian Society for Fish Biology Conference. 31 May–5 June 2009, The Esplanade Hotel, Fremantle, Western Australia. • Lee, K., Harcourt, R. & Huveneers, C. 2009. Effectiveness of Marine Protected Areas ‐ Conservation of Wobbegongs. 28 May 2009. Graduate School of the Environment seminars, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW • Harcourt, R. 2009. Australian Acoustic Tagging and Monitoring System: What is AATAMS current status and where to the future? Invited presentation AATAMS National Workshop, SIMS Nov 2009. • Harcourt, R. 2009. Australian Acoustic Tagging and Monitoring System: AATAMS Progress in IMOS1 & Prospects for IMOS 2. ESCII Meeting, SIMS 18 June 2009. • Harcourt, R. 2009. Australian Acoustic Tagging and Monitoring System: AATAMS Current status and future plans. NSW‐IMOS Node Meeting, SIMS April 30 2009.
Details of public seminars held in relation to this facility • Huveneers, C. 2010. Shark research in South Australia. University of the Third Age (U3A) Club – Aldinga Library • Huveneers, C. 2010. Shark ecology in South Australia. Presentation towards a shark fundraising event in collaboration with CCSA • Huveneers, C., Lee, K., Peddemors, V., Webber, D., Vallee, R., Harcourt, R.G. and MacDonald, T. 2009. Lazy Sharks? The wobbegong shark tracking project in Sydney. 10 June 2009. Sydney Institute of Marine Science. • Lee, KA; 23 January 2010; Wobbegong research at Cabbage Tree Bay; Manly Environment Awareness Day; Manly Council • Lee, KA; March 2009; Shark Research at SIMS; Sydney Institute of Marine Science (SIMS) Open day
Details of participation in other conferences, symposia or workshops in relation to this facility • AATAMS Data workshop, SIMS, Sydney, NSW Nov 2‐4 2009. • Bruce, B. 2009. Using acoustic telemetry to track the movements of white sharks CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research. Invited Plenary. AATAMS Data workshop, SIMS, Sydney, NSW Nov 2‐ 4 2009. • Simpfendorfer, C. 2009. The joys of interpreting VR2 data Fishing and Fisheries Research Centre, James Cook University. Invited Plenary. AATAMS Data workshop, SIMS, Sydney, NSW Nov 2‐4 2009. • Abecasis, D. 2009. Multispecies spatial dynamics under different protection levels: An evaluation of the effects and optimal design of the Luiz Saldanha Marine Park (Portugal) Centre of Marine Sciences of the University of the Algarve, Portugal. AATAMS Data workshop, SIMS, Sydney, NSW Nov 2‐4 2009. • Crook, D. 2009. Diadromous migrations of short finned eels and tupong in Victorian coastal streams. Arthur Rylah Institute. AATAMS Data workshop, SIMS, Sydney, NSW Nov 2‐4 2009. • Duffy, C., Francis, M. & Montgomery, J. 2009. Proposed acoustic array at Stewart Island, New Zealand Marine Conservation Section, Department of Conservation National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research Ltd. School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland. AATAMS Data workshop, SIMS, Sydney, NSW Nov 2‐4 2009. • Field, I.C., Meekan,M.A.& BradshawC.J.A. 2009. Habitat use and residency patterns of grey reef sharks (Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos) at the Rowley Shoals, Western Australia, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australian Institute of Marine Science, School for Environmental Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Research Institute for Climate Change and Sustainability, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide,
APX A.8 NCRIS 08 AATAMS 88 AATAMS Data workshop, SIMS, Sydney, NSW Nov 2‐4 2009. AATAMS Data workshop, SIMS, Sydney, NSW Nov 2‐4 2009. • Heupel, M., Simpfendorfer, C. 2009. Telemetry in the tropics. James Cook University. AATAMS Data workshop, SIMS, Sydney, NSW Nov 2‐4 2009. • Hutchinson, N., Rhodes, K. 2009. Home range estimates for squaretail coralgrouper, Plectropomus areolatus (Rüppell 1830).Fisheries Victoria – Fisheries Research Branch The University of Guam, Guam, USA. AATAMS Data workshop, SIMS, Sydney, NSW Nov 2‐4 2009. • Huveneers, C., Harcourt, R., Boomer, A., Hobday, A., Pederson, H., Semmens, J., Stieglitz, T., Vallee, R., Webber, D., Heupel, M., Simpfendorfer, C., Peddemors, V. 2009. The influence of environmental parameters (meteorological and oceanographic) on the performance of acoustic receivers. SARDI – Aquatic Sciences, Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Macquarie University, CSIRO Atmospheric and Marine Research, Myriax, Tasmanian Aquaculture and Fisheries Institute, University of Tasmania, James Cook University, Vemco, Industry and Investments New South Wales. AATAMS Data workshop, SIMS, Sydney, NSW Nov 2‐4 2009. • Knip, D. Heupel, M., Simpfendorfer, C, Tobin, M., Moloney, J. 2009. Home range and movement patterns of juvenile pigeye sharks (Carcharhinus amboinensis) in Cleveland Bay, north Queensland.Fishing and Fisheries Research Centre, JCU. AATAMS Data workshop, SIMS, Sydney, NSW Nov 2‐4 2009. • Lee, K., Huveneers, C., Peddemors, V.MacDonald, T., Harcourt, R.2009. Assessing the efficiency of small marine protected areas for the conservation of eastern blue groper and wobbegong sharks. Macquarie University, SARDI – Aquatic Sciences, Flinders University, Industry and Investment NSW, Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water. AATAMS Data workshop, SIMS, Sydney, NSW Nov 2‐4 2009. • Otway, N.M., Ellis, M.T., Louden, B.M. & Gilligan J.J. 2009. Using acoustic telemetry to obtain experimental, observer‐independent assessments of the effects of scuba diving on grey nurse sharks. NSW Department of Industry and Investment. AATAMS Data workshop, SIMS, Sydney, NSW Nov 2‐4 2009. • Peddemors, V., Robbins, W. Smoothey, A , Lee., K. & Gray, C. 2009. Sydney's Sharks ‐ I&I NSW Shark Research Programs. Department of Industry and Investment, NSW, Macquarie University, NSW. AATAMS Data workshop, SIMS, Sydney, NSW Nov 2‐4 2009. • Pederson, H., Leith, A., Gillespie,W.,Tracey, S., Forbes, E., Semmens, J., Field, I. 2009. Identifying patterns and relationships in acoustic telemetry data through 4D data fusion and visualization. Myriax Software P/L University of Tasmania, Macquarie University, NSW. AATAMS Data workshop, SIMS, Sydney, NSW Nov 2‐4 2009. • Pillans, R. Babcock, R. 2009.Using acoustic tracking data for testing Marine Park zoning adequacy in the Ningaloo Marine Park. CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research, QLD. AATAMS Data workshop, SIMS, Sydney, NSW Nov 2‐4 2009. • Reinfelds I., Walsh, C. 2009. Magnitude, frequency and duration of environmental flows to stimulate catadromous fish migrations: Australian bass (Macquaria novemaculeata).NSW Office of Water, Wollongong NSW Department of Industry and Investment, Cronulla NSW AATAMS Data workshop, SIMS, Sydney, NSW Nov 2‐4 2009. • Smoothey, A., Peddemors, V., Robbins, W. & Gray, C. 2009. Patterns of movement of bull sharks in Port Jackson, NSW. Industry and Investment NSW AATAMS Data workshop, SIMS, Sydney, NSW Nov 2‐4 2009. • Stokesbury, M.J.W. 2009. Update on the Ocean Tracking Network (OTN) Dalhousie University, Canada AATAMS Data workshop, SIMS, Sydney, NSW Nov 2‐4 2009. • Williams A., Daley, R. 2009. Listening in the deep sea: an array of VR2s that tracks movements of demersal sharks on the upper continental slope (200‐700 m depths).CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research, Hobart. Dalhousie University. AATAMS Data workshop, SIMS, Sydney, NSW Nov 2‐4 2009.
APX A.8 NCRIS 08 AATAMS 89
2009/10 Implementation Plan – Deployments Activity/Deployment/Location Responsible Responsible Start Finish Status Comments Organisation(s) Person/Support / Update Staff Servicing and downloading AATAMS/AIMS Rob Harcourt March 09 June 2011 Achieved NRETA receivers /Andrew Boomer /Mark Meekan Servicing and downloading AATAMS/SARDI Rob Harcourt March 09 June 2011 Achieved Glenelg line / Andrew Boomer / Charlie Huveneers Servicing and downloading OTN AATAMS/WA Rob Harcourt May 09 June 2011 Achieved Perth line Fisheries /Andrew Boomer /Rory McAuley Servicing and downloading AATAMS Rob Harcourt March 09 December Achieved mooring for detectability /Andrew Boomer 09 experiment Deploying remaining East Coast AATAMS/SIMS Rob Harcourt April 09 April 09 Achieved line (Sydney line) /Andrew Boomer Deploying remaining East Coast AATAMS/SIMS Rob Harcourt June 09 June 09 Achieved line (Coffs Harbour) /Andrew Boomer Servicing and downloading East AATAMS/SIMS Rob Harcourt December June 2011 Achieved Coast lines /Andrew Boomer 09 Allocating receivers and AATAMS Rob Harcourt March 09 June 2011 Achieved obtaining data from the /Andrew Boomer receiver pool
APX A.8 NCRIS 08 AATAMS 90
NCRIS Facility: Facility for Automated Intelligent Monitoring of Marine Systems (FAIMMS)
Facility Leader: Scott Bainbridge, Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS)
Contact details: Phone: 07 4753 4377 Email: [email protected]
Overview of status of Facility
The Facility has continued with the deployment of sensor networks at more sites with Orpheus Island, Rib Reef and Davies Reef being completed and the preparation for Lizard Island finished. This will result in all sites being completed early in the next financial year. In parallel with this has been the development of a second generation of sensor systems including new sensors such as video and light sensors, the use of 802.11 wireless to deliver broadband to the reef and more sophisticated power management. These technologies have been up taken by the SEMAT Project run by the University of Queensland with deployments underway in Moreton Bay off Brisbane.
The uptake of the data has also increased with a number of PhD and post‐graduate students using the FAIMMS data in their research. This has been helped through the availability of the data in the Oceans Portal and through innovative data delivery mechanisms such as ‘Twitter’ updates. There is more work to be done here but the project is gaining traction with the research community.
The final most exciting aspect is an increase in use of the FAIMMS infrastructure for other projects. The Facility has deployed equipment for the SEMAT project and is now working with a number of other projects to develop and deploy new on‐reef instrumentation using the FAIMMS communication and data infrastructure. This promises to deliver a whole new set of capabilities to IMOS with resulting outcomes to the marine community
• Successful deployment of the sensor network at Orpheus Island and completion of the sensor network at Davies Reef; • Development of the equipment for the Lizard Island deployment due to be completed in August 2010; • Successful servicing of the sensor networks at One Tree Island and Orpheus Island; • Successful deployment of cameras on reef platforms, successful detection of Box Jellyfish on a test platform at AIMS; • Development and delivery of equipment to the University of Queensland for deployment in Moreton Bay as part of the SEMAT project; • FAIMMS data now being used as part of a CREON project on interoperability for coral reef sensor networks; • MoU signed with the European SENSEI project for the use of FAIMMS data as a test case for integrating sensor network data; • Microwave data link to Orpheus Island installed; • Issues with delivery of data via Data Turbine have resulted in FAIMMS developing a netCDF 'on‐ demand' system to ensure the FAIMMS data is represented on the data fabric and in the Oceans Portal; • Paper on the impact of Cyclone Hamish using the FAIMMS data submitted to the journal 'Coral Reefs'.
Activities undertaken to establish and operate the infrastructure
• Community white paper on international coral reef sensor network efforts delivered at the Ocean Obs '09 conference in Venice;
APX A.9 NCRIS 09 FAIMMS 91 • Meetings of the Coral Reef Environmental Observatory Network (CREON) group held in Melbourne and San Diego, FAIMMS deployments being used as a template for future deployments in Taiwan and potentially deployments in Korea and Thailand; • Field trips to Orpheus Island (establish sensor network), Davies Reef (service network), One Tree Island (service and upgrade network), Orpheus Island (service network), Rib Reef (establish base station and initial network) and Myrmidon Reef (establish base station and do site visit) completed; • Development of equipment to support the SEMAT project within Moreton Bay run by the University of Queensland; • Development of a reef platform based camera to bring back high quality images of real time reef conditions deployed, technology will be included on future deployments; • System developed to test detection of Box Jellyfish during summer deployed, successful detection of jellyfish, system to be developed further to include automated detection; • Three presentations given at the IEEE Oceans '10 in Sydney in May 2010; • Presentations given at the inaugural Australian Sensor Web Interest Group (A‐SWIG).
Additional activities undertaken
• Deployment of IP based cameras on remote reef platforms. This is an extension of previous work and provides a new type of data in real time that will have a number of applications from underwater fish behaviour to surveillance to detection of events; • Development of a system to detect box jellyfish in tropical coastal waters, deployed off AIMS and successfully captured a number of jellyfish. This system has the potential to be developed into an automated systems for detection of potentially harmful species and so can deliver a high societal value; • Development of 802.11 computer wireless technologies for the on‐reef networks, this extends the existing networks to make them compatible with standard wireless networking cards so allowing a new generation of wireless devices to connect to the network removing the need to use proprietary devices.
Agreed activities not completed
The Lizard Island deployment was delayed by a month due to lack of space at the research station and equipment not being ready, the deployments have been re‐scheduled and will occur in late July/ early August 2010, slightly behind schedule.
Remedial action proposed, including timeframes.
Lizard Island deployment has been re‐scheduled as two trips, one from the 16th of July to the 30th of July, the second from the 8th of August to the 17th of August 2010.
PERFORMANCE INDICATORS
Providing research infrastructure
Details of new infrastructure
Orpheus Island Sensor Float 1: Pioneer Bay Orpehus Island Sensor Float 2: Little Pioneer Bay Orpheus Island Relay Pole 1: Pelorus Island Orpheus Island Relay Pole 2: North Orpheus Island
APX A.9 NCRIS 09 FAIMMS 92 Orpheus Island Relay Pole 3: North‐west Orpheus Island Orpheus Island Weather Station Davies Reef Sensor Floats 1‐5: Davies Reef Lagoon Davies Reef Weather Station Rib Reef Sensor Float 1: Rib Reef Lagoon.
List of data streams that are available for use in research
Platform / Deployment Start Date Available Ocean Portal Heron Island Relay Poles 01/08/09 21/06/09 Heron Island Sensor Floats 01/08/09 21/06/09 Heron Island Weather Station 01/08/09 21/06/09 One Tree Island Relay Poles 01/08/09 21/06/09 One Tree Island Sensor Floats 01/08/09 21/06/09 One Tree Island Weather Station 01/08/09 21/06/09 Orpheus Island Sensor Floats Nov 2009 April 2010 Orpheus Island Relay Poles Nov 2009 April 2010 Orpheus Island Weather Station Nov 2009 April 2010 Davies Reef Sensor Floats Dec 2009 April 2010 Davies Reef Weather Station Dec 2009 April 2010 Rib Reef Sensor Float May 2010 *Data made available on the Ocean Portal during 2009/10
Outline the continuity of one key time series of data to be assessed against an appropriate benchmark for this facility.
Sensor data continuity or uptime from One Tree Island from the 1st June 2009 to the 30th July 2010 was 99.7%, for Heron Island for the same period it was 99.6%. This is the data capture rate, as these systems are a long way offshore the systems have communications interruptions but are designed to store data locally and return it when the link is re‐established. This level of uptime or data retrieval is greater than the uptime of many computer systems and so represents an extremely robust data collection service. We would expect rates to be around 95% so these results are excellent.
Meeting researcher needs
Ongoing and new research projects and postgraduate students using IMOS data:
• "Smart Environmental Monitoring and Analysis Technologies ‐ SEMAT", Professor Ron Johnstone, University of Queensland, Jan 2009 ‐ Dec 2012, Queensland State Government, Milan Foundation, Torino Foundation. • "Automated detection and identification of marine organisms using sensor networks" Marimuthu Swami Palaniswami, January 2010 through to June 2011, Funded through the ARC Research Network on Intelligent Sensors, Sensor Networks and Information Processing (ISSNIP), ARC, University of Melbourne, FAIMMS (IMOS). • "Event detection and data management using cloud computing based systems for sensor network data" Marimuthu Swami Palaniswami, January 2010 through to June 2011, Funded through the ARC Research Network on Intelligent Sensors, Sensor Networks and Information Processing (ISSNIP), ARC, University of Melbourne, FAIMMS (IMOS).
APX A.9 NCRIS 09 FAIMMS 93 Postgraduate research projects: • PhD, "Effects of temperature stress on coral embryos in the Great Barrier Reef: physiological and molecular perspectives", ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Ms Erika Woosley, 2010‐2014, Dr. Andrew Baird (supervisor), Dr. Maria Byrne (co‐ supervisor); • PhD, "Biodiversity, ecology and distribution of benthic foraminiferal assemblages from the southern Great Barrier Reef", Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Ms Briony Mamo, March 2007 ‐ October 2010,Dr. Glenn Brock (supervisor); • PhD, "Morphodynamics of coral reef platforms and sedimentary bodies", Institute of Marine Science, School of Geosciences, University of Sydney, Mr. Daniel Harris, March 2010 to March 2013, Dr. Ana Vila Concejo (supervisor); • Honours, "Seabirds and climate change: Can wedge‐tailed shearwaters adapt to changing resource availability?” Marine & Tropical Biology, James Cook University, Ms. Fiona McDuie, 2009‐2010, Dr. Brad Congdon (supervisor).
Quality of research infrastructure
Benchmark against other similar overseas infrastructure
The four centers working on coral reef sensor networks are: National Oceans and Atmospheres Administration (NOAA) in the Caribbean via its Integrated Coral Observing Network (ICON) stations, the International Longterm Ecological Research (ILTER) project at Moorea, the Taiwanese at Kenting Marine Park and FAIMMS. Of these only Moorea and FAIMMS are using localised wireless sensor networks, the Kenting work is all cabled and the ICON stations are each single moorings and so there is no local network as such.
The FAIMMS project is far more sophisticated and advanced than the Moorea deployments (which only have one wireless sensor system with a second buoy to be installed in late 2010, FAIMMS currently has 13 buoys and 5 sensor poles deployed) and so there are no other systems that are directly comparable to FAIMMS. The ICON stations are probably the most advanced in their length of service and coverage but this has been done with a significant budget and the design is not a true wireless sensor network.
Fostering Collaborative development of infrastructure
Participation in international programs collecting similar data streams
The FAIMMS project is part of an international collaborative group, the Coral Reef Environmental Observatory Network (CREON) and is working on a project to deliver equivalent data streams from a number of sites across the tropics including the Great Barrier Reef. The initial sites will include Taiwan, French Polynesia and Australia with others to follow. The CREON group has launched the CREON Interoperability Experiment which looks to develop a single reference sensor network implementation using the FAIMMS systems and systems deployed at Moorea. This reference implementation will be deployed in Taiwan, Korea and Thailand and other countries as the work progresses.
Other collaborations
The FAIMMS project signed a Memorandum of Understanding with the European SENSEI project (http://www.sensei‐project.eu/ ) whereby the FAIMMS systems will be used as a test case for the development of sensor network architectures and federated systems of Authentication and access.
APX A.9 NCRIS 09 FAIMMS 94 Fostering interdisciplinary and world‐class research
List of publications using IMOS data
• Brainard RE, Bainbridge S, Brinkman R, Eakin CM, Field M, Gattuso JP, Gledhill D, Gramer L, Hendee J, Hoeke R, Holbrook S, Hoegh‐Guldberg O, Lammers M, Manzello D, McManus M, Moffitt R, Monaco M, Morgan J, Obura D, Planes S, Schmitt R, Steinberg C, Sweatman H, Vetter O, Wong K. An International Network of Coral Reef Ecosystem Observing Systems (I‐CREOS) OceanObs Community White Paper, Venice 2009. • Physical monitoring of the Great Barrier Reef to understand ecological responses to climate change. Lough JM, Bainbridge S, Berkelmans R, Steinberg CR pp. 66‐110. In: You Y, Henderson‐ Sellers A (eds) Climate Alert: Climate Change Monitoring and Strategy. Sydney University Press, Sydney, 2010. • Bainbridge, S. & Eggeling, D. (2010). "Application of Wireless Sensor Networks to Coastal Observing Systems ‐ An Example From the Great Barrier Reef" in Proceedings of OceanObs'09: Sustained Ocean Observations and Information for Society (Annex), Venice, Italy, 21‐25 September 2009, Hall, J., Harrison, D.E. & Stammer, D., Eds., ESA Publication WPP‐306. • Bainbridge, S., Steinberg, C., Furnas, M. & Heron, M. (2010). "GBROOS ‐ An Ocean Observing System for the Great Barrier Reef" in Proceedings of OceanObs'09: Sustained Ocean Observations and Information for Society (Annex), Venice, Italy, 21‐25 September 2009, Hall, J., Harrison, D.E. & Stammer, D., Eds., ESA Publication WPP‐306.
Details of participation in other conferences, symposia or workshops in relation to this facility
• "The Design Of A Novel Time Series Client For Ocean Data." Scott Bainbridge, IEEE Oceans '10, Sydney, May 2010. ‐ Presenter and Session Chair • "Integrating Observation Systems: An Example From The Great Barrier Reef." Scott Bainbridge, Craig Steinberg, Mal Heron and Miles Furnas. IEEE Oceans '10, Sydney May 2010. ‐ Presenter. • "Smart Sensors ‐ A New Paradigm For Marine Management: An Example From The Great Barrier Reef" Scott Bainbridge and Damien Eggeling. IEEE Oceans '10, Sydney May 2010. ‐ Presenter and Session Co‐Chair • "Reef Climate Adaptation Research and Technology" William Hollier, Roger Dargaville, Scott Bainbridge, Greg Rau and Andrew Dicks. The Second International Conference on Climate Change: Impacts and Responses. Brisbane July 2010. Presenter and Session Co‐Chair • "GBROOS – the Great Barrier Reef Ocean Observing System” Scott Bainbridge PRAGMA 18 Conference, March 2010 San Diego. ‐ Presenter • "I‐CREOS – Towards an International Network of Coral Reef Ecosystem Observing Systems " Scott Bainbridge. ISSNIP Conference, Sydney December 2009. ‐ Presenter and Session Chair • "The Application of sensor networks to coastal monitoring: an example from the Great Barrier Reef " Scott Bainbridge 6th China‐Australia Symposium: Towards Sustainable Coastal & Deltaic Systems under Climate Change, 12‐15 October 2009, Guangzhou and Xiamen, China. Presenter. • "IMOS ‐ Australia's Integrated Marine Observing System" Scott Bainbridge and Katy Hill. SCOR Workshop on Biological Observatories, Mestre Italy September 2009. ‐ Presenter.
APX A.9 NCRIS 09 FAIMMS 95
2009/10 Implementation Plan – Deployments Activity/Deployment/Location Responsible Responsible Start Finish Status Comments / Update Organisation(s) Person/Support Staff Orpheus Island microwave link Feb Sept Achieved Link installed and active. JCU Kent Adams in place 2009 2009 Aug Oct Achieved Installation completed, first service Orpheus Island deployment AIMS/JCU Scott Bainbridge 2009 2009 completed. In Progress Rib reef completed, issues with remote Rib Reef and Myrmidon Reef July Dec AIMS Scott Bainbridge communications delaying the Myrmidon deployments 2009 2009 deployment. Achieved Both islands serviced, One Tree Island also Heron Island and One Tree AIMS/UQ/Uni Nov Dec Scott Bainbridge upgraded to include new sensors, upgrade Island update / servicing Syd 2009 2009 to Heron Island due October 2010. In Progress Deployment slightly delayed due to AIMS/Aust Mar May Lizard Island deployments Scott Bainbridge logistics, deployment trips now due mid Museum 2010 2010 July 2010. Jun In Progress Ship time allocated for late 2010 for Davies and local Reefs Service AIMS Scott Bainbridge Jul 2010 2010 servicing.
APX A.9 NCRIS 09 FAIMMS 96
NCRIS Facility: electronic Marine Information Infrastructure (eMII)
Facility Leader: Roger Proctor, University of Tasmania (UTAS)
Contact details: Phone: 03 6226 1977 Email: [email protected]
Note: Please see Appendix A.12 for the work done in 2009/10 by AODN Development Office.
Overview of status of Facility
The IMOS Ocean Portal has now been operational for 12 months. All IMOS data streams are available, some in near‐real time, some as non‐quality controlled, increasingly as delayed mode quality controlled data. Additional data streams continue to be added regularly. Monthly reporting is now in place to quantify the status of the data streams and provide statistics on portal access. Systems monitoring is now in place to provide instant notification of any issues with servers, data repositories etc. 1457 metadata records describing IMOS data streams are available.
Considerable national and international interest is being shown in the information infrastructure: collaborations with other NCRIS projects (ALA, TERN, AuScope) have been explored and are ongoing; the IOC IODE Ocean Portal Team have visited Hobart and explored ways of including IMOS infrastructure in their activity; exploratory discussions on a common data model have taken place between Europe (MyOcean, Seadatanet), USA (US‐IOOS) and Australia. Roger Proctor was a keynote speaker at the bi‐annual international marine data management conference in Paris, March 2010.
The eMII team reached full strength for the first time in March 2010.
Funding from DIISR and from ANDS was obtained to establish the Australian Ocean Data Network Development Office, which became the 13th Facility of IMOS, hosted by eMII. eMII staff continued to successfully contribute to the NeAT project MACDDAP (Marine and Climate Data Discovery and Access Project).
A description of activities undertaken to establish and operate the infrastructure
The first release of the ocean portal occurred on 29 June 2009; the second release, with many updated features, bug fixes etc. took place in December 2009. The Geonetwork MEST (Metadata entry and search tool) was upgraded 2 times with several additional features.
To ensure maximum response from the system to the largest number of researchers the primary infrastructure was re‐located from UTAS to eResearch SA in April 2010 (thus removing the problem of low bandwidth across Bass Strait ‐ except, of course, for Tasmanian users).
The eMII team was strengthened in January 2010 with the arrival of Patrick Gorringe from SMHI (Sweden), an expert in real‐time data systems, and in March 2010 with the arrival of Laurent Besnard, project officer (to fill the position vacant since April 2009). eMII continued to co‐fund (50%) positions in the IMOS nodes ‐ Luke Edwards (iVEC, WA IMOS), Leeying Wu (SARDI, SAIMOS), Andrew Walsh (RAN, NSWIMOS), Alex Hendry (AIMS, QIMOS)). Geoff Williams (Infrastructure Programmer) now works on secondment at eRSA Adelaide.
APX A.10 NCRIS 10 eMII 97 Five IMOS data user workshops have taken place to educate 160 users in the search, discovery and access to IMOS data. Presentations on the information infrastructure were given at 13 national and 9 international meetings, 4 publications have appeared in the literature (see list). eMII continued to fund a position in CSIRO ICT (Paul McCarthy) to develop a Matlab toolbox for the processing of data streams for the ANMN Facility. The toolbox was launched in July 2009 during the AMSA conference.
Additional activities undertaken
Collaboration with NCRIS capabilities, via explorations of ways in which a common information architecture could be built across NCRIS capabilities. Considerable benefits of a common infrastructure are expected, both in terms of efficiency and interoperability.
Agreed activities not completed
Slower than expected progress occurred in establishing the AODN Development Office arising from delayed approval of the Business Plan by the AODC‐JF Board, time allocated to setting up and monitoring the AODN Development Office project on real‐time underway data from research vessels (EIF023), and the subsequent difficulty in recruiting staff to the Development Office. Progress on the Matlab Mooring toolbox slowed due to the resignation of Paul McCarthy in March 2010.
Remedial action proposed, including timeframes
AODN Development Office delayed, see separate AODN Development Office APR (Appendix A.12). New project officer, Laurent Besnard, will take over supervision and development of the Matlab toolbox.
PERFORMANCE INDICATORS
Providing research infrastructure
Details of new infrastructure
New servers purchased ($40k) and installed in eRSA (April ‐ June 2010). A service level agreement is in negotiation.
List of data streams that are available for use in research
This information is provided in each of the Facility Reports (see Appendices A.1‐A.9 and A.11).
Quality of research infrastructure
Benchmark against other similar overseas infrastructure
The Director of eMII is associated with European observing systems and data management through his former position at Proudman Oceanographic Laboratory, UK (now National Oceanography Centre, UK) and his position as a EuroGoos Board member. Recent involvement with US‐IOOS through a visit from Rich Signell (USGS) and contributions to white papers for OceanObs’09. Keynote speaker at bi‐annual marine data management conference (IMDIS) in Paris March 2010. These connections can significantly aid the benchmarking process.
APX A.10 NCRIS 10 eMII 98 Fostering Collaborative development of infrastructure
Participation in international programs collecting similar data streams IMOS contributes to the international Argo program. eMII has adopted the same data management strategy. In addition, both Argo and SOOP data contribute to the Global telecommunications System (GTS) used by the WMO. All real‐time and near real‐time IMOS data streams will be placed on the GTS in 2010.
Other collaborations IOC IODE Ocean Portal Development Team
Fostering interdisciplinary and world‐class research
List of publications using IMOS data • Seim , H.E., Dahlin, H., Meyers, G., Shuford, R., Proctor, R. (2009) Development of delivery of services from ocean observing systems – an opportunity to promote common approaches for a Global Ocean Observing System. OceanObs’09. • de La Beaujardière, J., Beegle‐Krause, C. J., Bermudez, L., Hankin, S., Hazard, L., Howlett, E., Le, S., Proctor, R., Signell, R.P., Snowden, D., Thomas, J. (2009) Ocean and Coastal Data Management. OceanObs’09. • Moltmann, T., Proctor, R., Hill, K., McGowen, M. (2010) The Integrated Marine Observing System – delivering data‐streams to support marine research and applications. IEEE Oceans'10. • Proctor, R. Roberts, K., Ward, B.J. (2010) A data delivery system for IMOS, the Australian Integrated Marine Observing System. ADGEO, in press.
Details of participation in other conferences, symposia or workshops in relation to this facility • AMSA, Adelaide, 6‐9 July, speaker • AMSA, Adelaide, 10 July, IMOS Data User Workshop (25) • Annual Instructors Conference, YA/RYA, Brisbane, 17 July, Guest speaker • Operational Observing for South Africa workshop, Cape Town, 20‐24 July, invited speaker • NCRIS Collaboration Day, Hobart, 19 August, coordinator • EuroGoos Board meeting, Copenhagen, 1‐2 September, update of IMOS activity • OSPAR Eutrophication meeting, Brussels, 7‐9 September, update on IMOS activity • EuroGoos NOOS meeting, Brussels, 10‐11 September, update on IMOS activity • Oceanobs'09, Venice, 21‐25 September, IMOS/eMII poster • Australia‐China Symposium, Gangzhou/Xaimen China, 12‐16 October, invited speaker • WAMSI Data Management Workshop, Perth WA, 27 October, speaker • IMOS Data User workshop (20), Perth WA, 28 October • IMOS Data User workshop (15), Sydney UNSW, 9 November • eResearch Australia, Sydney, 9‐13 November, Booth/poster/speaker • GODAE Oceanview Summer School, UWA, 11‐15 January, IMOS Data workshop tutorial (80) • AMOS, Canberra, 27‐29 January, poster • AMOS, Canberra, 29 January, IMOS Data Users Workshop (20) • IMDIS, Paris, 29‐31 March, keynote speaker • SMRU, St Andrews, Scotland, 13‐14 April, update on IMOS activity • IEEE Oceans'10, Sydney, 24‐27 May, speaker • EU‐Australian Research Infrastructure workshop, Sydney UNSW, 7 June, update on IMOS activity • IOC Executive Council, Paris, 8‐16 June, update on IMOS activity
APX A.10 NCRIS 10 eMII 99
2009/10 Implementation Plan – Deployments
Activity/Deployment/Location Responsible Responsible Person/ Start Finish Status Comments Organisation(s) Support Staff / Update
Finalise schemas, standards and protocols eMII Kate Roberts March09 Sep 09 In Progress Complete for NCRIS streams, for IMOS data streams yet to do for new EIF streams Consolidate facility data storage and entry eMII Roger Proctor / ARCS June 09 Dec 09 Achieved Mirror and archive utilising of metadata into the MEST (includes ARCS facilities mirror and archive) Ongoing development of the MEST eMII Kate Roberts June 09 Dec 09 In Progress Utilises work in the catalogue, including authentication, MACDDAP project, still improved aggregation and download ongoing functions eMII Portal (v2) – improved real‐time data eMII Brendon Ward / June 09 Dec 09 Achieved Delayed until April 10 and access, access to non‐IMOS datasets Systems Team operational eRSA servers Develop tools for data integration and eMII Roger Proctor / June 09 Ongoing In Progress Matlab toolbox in use; data data product development Project Officers products in development Workshops covering access to, and use of, eMII Jacqui Hope June 09 Ongoing In Progress Five workshops in 2009/10 IMOS data Develop mechanisms to obtain feedback eMII Roger Proctor / Jun09 Dec09 In Progress Partly through Data User from researchers Project Officers workshops; survey planned for Aug 2010 Evolution of eMII portal into AODN portal eMII Roger Proctor / Jan 10 Dec 10 Delayed Responsibility passed to Brendon Ward / AODN Development Office Systems Team Review of data flows and portal eMII Roger Proctor / Apr 10 Jun 10 Delayed Planned for September functionality Project Officers following survey
APX A.10 NCRIS 10 eMII 100
NCRIS Facility: Satellite Remote Sensing (SRS)
Facility Leader: Edward King, CSIRO
Contact details: Phone: 02 6246 5894 Email: [email protected]
Sub‐Facilities 11a Australian Satellite SST L2P Helen Beggs BOM 03 9669 4394 [email protected] Products 11b Australian Oceans Edward King CSIRO 02 6246 5894 [email protected] Distributed Active Archive Centre (AODAAC) 11c Upgrade of Hobart Ground Stuart Barr GA 02 6249 9131 [email protected] Station 11c Upgrade of Townsville Craig AIMS 07 4753 4444 [email protected] Ground Station Steinberg 11d Satellite Ocean Colour Edward King CSIRO 03 6246 5894 [email protected]
Overview of status of Facility
The 2009/10 year has seen good progress made with the Satellite Remote Sensing (SRS) facility and its sub‐facilities, all of which largely achieved their goals. Sub‐facility highlights include:
11a Australian Satellite SST L2P Products: Routine generation of GHRSST‐compatible SST data sets which validation work demonstrates is exceptionally accurate. Several data sets are now being made available via the AODAAC and through eMII.
11b Australian Oceans Distributed Active Archive Centre (AODAAC): The working pre‐production prototype of the AODAAC system has been in operation since mid‐2009 and is serving a range of data sets to researchers, including the SST from sub‐facility 11a, and a new national MODIS Ocean Colour data set produced by Curtin University.
11c Upgrade of Hobart Ground Station: Despite time spent resolving two critical faults, the upgrade of the station has been essentially completed, and with the outstanding work being of a non‐urgent nature, the relevant spare parts have been procured and are in storage awaiting installation when appropriate.
11c Upgrade of Townsville Ground Station: The upgrade from X‐band to dual L‐band and X‐band was completed and the station continues to operate nominally. Data are being provided to researchers on a routine basis.
11d Satellite Ocean Colour: The Lucinda Jetty colour reference station was installed and instruments commissioned. It has been producing validation observations on a routine basis since October 2009.
For the facility as a whole, and for the AODAAC sub‐facility, a difficulty was a 2 to 3 month delay in replacing the facility leader whose retirement from CSIRO coincided crucially with the EIF planning phase. Nevertheless, with guidance from the IMOS Board and Director, and best efforts from the sub‐facility participants, a coherent plan for the facility has been developed for the coming years.
APX A.11 NCRIS 11 SRS 101 Significant decisions include: • Ongoing support for the development and production of high quality SST • Merging the AODAAC with the IMOS Portal developed by eMII • Divesting the AODAAC of responsibility for data production (eg Ocean Colour) • Strategic investment in the Ocean Colour sub‐facility (from July 2010 under EIF) to develop a national bio‐optical database of in‐situ measurements, and support for operational production of a validated national ocean colour data set for Case 1 (blue) waters. Both these activities will underpin future development of products for Case 2 (optically complex) waters. • Creation of a new altimetry validation sub‐facility (starting July 2010 under EIF).
Areas of concern across the facility were the extended outages at the Hobart reception station during the year and planning for completion of the AODAAC functionality whilst managing the transition to operational status within the IMOS Portal with new leadership in place. Adding to these challenges in the next year will be ensuring that the new investments in ocean colour and altimetry are effective.
Activities undertaken to establish and operate the infrastructure
11a Australian Satellite SST L2P Products • The aim of the Australian Sea Surface Temperature (SST) L2P Products Sub‐facility is to provide real‐time and reprocessed, high‐resolution, locally received, satellite SST data products in the internationally accepted GHRSST L2P and L3 formats using new, best practice, processing and calibration methods. • Real‐time MTSAT‐1R and HRPT AVHRR GHRSST‐format L2P SSTskin files from NOAA‐17, NOAA‐ 18 and NOAA‐19 satellites are now routinely generated at BoM with bias and standard deviations estimates per pixel based on match‐ups with buoy SST observations, and other GHRSST‐specified auxiliary fields. The AVHRR level 2 SSTs are gridded into 0.02 deg x 0.02 deg resolution, single day/single night, composite skin SST “GHRSST L3C” (single sensor, collated) files and the MTSAT‐1R hourly level 2 skin SST data are gridded into hourly, 0.05 deg x 0.05 deg resolution, composite “GHRSST L3U” SST skin files following the new GHRSST GDS v2.0 specifications. • Due to improved processing techniques implemented through the IMOS Project, the new IMOS HRPT AVHRR L2P SSTs from NOAA‐17, NOAA‐18 and NOAA‐19 satellites exhibit very low errors for the period 1 June 2008 to 23 May 2010. For both satellites nighttime standard deviation was ~ 0.25 K and daytime was 0.35 K. • BoM has supplied the AODAAC and eMII with the Bureau’s legacy HRPT AVHRR (14 day mosaic) composite SST product reformatted and regridded to 0.01 deg x 0.01 deg resolution, GHRSST L3 format daily files. These real time and delayed mode L3 files (back to 1 January 2001) include data from Townsville, Casey, Davis, Perth, Darwin, Alice Springs, Melbourne and Hobart. • BoM has supplied the AODAAC with real‐time and reprocessed (back to 1 Jan 2010) 1 km resolution, HRPT AVHRR SST GHRSST L2P files from NOAA‐18 and NOAA‐19 produced from stitching the raw AVHRR data from ground stations at Townsville, Perth, Darwin, Alice Springs and Melbourne, using the stitching code developed for IMOS by Edward King (CMAR). • NOAA‐17 has experienced technical problems with its scan motor since early 2010. Although still processing NOAA‐17 AVHRR data, the Bureau is not currently supplying these 2010 files to the AODAAC due to their higher errors. It is not possible to obtain HRPT AVHRR direct broadcast data from METOP‐A satellite (operational replacement to NOAA‐17) due to a technical problem on the satellite.
APX A.11 NCRIS 11 SRS 102 The new IMOS HRPT AVHRR SST L2P products were promoted at the Oceans from Space 2010 Symposium in Venice, 26‐30 April 2010, 11th GHRSST Science Team Meeting in Lima, 21‐25 June 2010 and the AMSA2010 Conference in Wollongong, 5‐9 July 2010.
11b Australian Oceans Distributed Active Archive Centre (AODAAC) • The complete AODAAC has been deployed with a publicly accessible test system and a "private" development system since the middle of 2009. The test system has been used to make a number of trial data sets available to the user community and has served as a vehicle to solicit user feedback and discover bugs and missing features, which have then been implemented in the development system. • The Java‐based command line interface to the AODAAC has been developed and demonstrated as a viable data access mechanism. This tool permits data access in a distributed and scripted environment, such as in a computing grid or cluster, or simply in some regular automated processing system. • At the beginning of 2010 the AODAAC was judged to have matured sufficiently that it could be merged with the IMOS Portal developed by eMII. This serves the twin goals of providing a single unified point of access and discovery for all IMOS data and of removing the need for further development and maintenance of the AODAAC portal. It also means that the operational home for the AODAAC is logically within eMII. Dialogue to manage this transition was commenced early in 2010 and it is anticipated that the process will be complete late in the year. This decision is also important as it shapes the nature of the administration tools and documentation that are required. • An operational Ocean Colour stream was developed over the course of the year by Curtin University and is now being made available via the AODAAC. A Tasmanian regional ocean colour dataset developed independently by CSIRO Land & Water is also being served. • This sub‐facility was leaderless for a period of around 3 months following a delay in replacing Peter Turner upon his retirement in late 2009.
11c Upgrade of Hobart Ground Station TERSS was offline for two periods, the first from 5 September to 18 November 2009, the second from 2 April to 4 July 2010. For the remainder of the year the system performed nominally.
The first offline period was due to a crack in the low noise amplifier (LNA) housing allowing waste to enter the LNA which resulted in failure of the system. Sourcing of a replacement LNA proved challenging. The cracked housing cover had to be remanufactured.
The second period occurred after a number of power outages and resulted in degraded tracking performance. CSIRO Marine Labs staff tested the antenna control PC and other systems but were unable to find a specific fault. A GA officer attended and conducted a series of tests in an attempt to isolate what appeared to be a BIOS issue with the antenna control PC, this too was unsuccessful. Ultimately a replacement CPU was sourced for the antenna control PC which solved the performance issues. A replacement UPS was procured and installed in an effort to mitigate the effect of power outages.
11c Upgrade of Townsville Ground Station The Townsville X band receiving station received its first MODIS image in April 2008. A further upgrade to dual X and L band receiving station was completed in 2009 and has been routinely operating in tandem with our legacy L band antenna since.
APX A.11 NCRIS 11 SRS 103 11d Satellite Ocean Colour The instrumentation housing of Lucinda Jetty Coastal Observatory was installed on site in September 2009. In the following six months (October 2009 ‐ April 2010) we went through the commissioning phase of all the instrumentation on site, devised anti‐fouling strategies for the submerged instruments, and established calibration and maintenance routines.
Additional activities undertaken
11b Australian Oceans Distributed Active Archive Centre (AODAAC) The delay in replacing the retiring facility leader, who was also the AODAAC project leader, resulted in a period of approximately 3 months when the project was without effective leadership. This has delayed some of the milestones, but also provided the opportunity to realign the project with the IMOS Portal. Substantial progress has since been made towards the milestones.
11c Upgrade of Townsville Ground Station A further upgrade to the system by providing a protective radome has been funded by AIMS however engineering reports have suggested that significant installation costs would be incurred if the same location was used. We plan to incorporate the antenna into the design of a new building on site with the appropriate engineering properties.
11d Satellite Ocean Colour In April 2010 we hosted our first international measurement campaign on site with Dr Stan Hooker (Director of NASA's Calibration and Validation office), Dr John H. Morrow (President, Biospherical Instruments Inc.) and Prof Vanda Brotas (University of Lisbon and partner in the ESA‐Coast Colour project)
Agreed activities not completed
11a Australian Satellite SST L2P Products MTSAT‐1R skin SST L2P/L3U files have not yet been provided to AODAAC due to the recent implementation in collaboration with NOAA (May 2010) of a new physical retrieval method for processing the MTSAT‐1R data. This is expected to improve on the accuracy of the version 1 MTSAT‐ 1R SST L2P files previously generated at the Bureau. These v1 files have high errors (Night: 0.6 K; Day: 0.8 K) due to problems in the initial raw counts to radiances calibration of the radiometer on MTSAT‐1R performed by Raytheon. Transmission of raw data from MTSAT‐1R ceased on 1 July 2010 and was replaced by MTSAT‐2. The Bureau will provide real‐time and reprocessed L2P/L3U files from MTSAT‐2 once testing has been completed.
Short papers and reports on the IMOS satellite SST products have been sent to AODAAC and eMII but detailed Technical Report on AVHRR SST processing still to be written.
11b Australian Oceans Distributed Active Archive Centre (AODAAC) Loss of project leadership for a period of approximately 3 months delayed progress on some activities relating to transfer to fully operational status and documentation. The appointment of a new project leader, together with some focused effort, has largely rectified this. The process of engaging with eMII, and the need to synchronise the projects at the technical and documentation level, is affecting the relative priority of the tasks undertaken during the first half of 2010. As a result several activities are still "in progress", but their pathway to completion is clear.
APX A.11 NCRIS 11 SRS 104 11c Upgrade of Hobart Ground Station The replacement servo motors have been obtained but not installed since the existing motors continue to perform nominally. The new servos are in storage awaiting installation when necessary. Painting work has been not been performed due to higher priority work correcting critical system faults (failure of the LNA and a tracking accuracy issue), both of which proved challenging to address.
11c Upgrade of Townsville Ground Station All activities completed with the exception of routine uptake by AODAAC of the data streams.
Remedial action proposed, including timeframes
11a Australian Satellite SST L2P Products The Bureau will provide the AODAAC with the best quality MTSAT L2P/L3U skin SST files using either v1 or v3 code once the v3 files have been adequately assessed using comparisons with drifting buoys. Expect to provide MTSAT‐1R and MTSAT‐2 L2P/L3U files by Dec 2010.
Technical Report on AVHRR SST to be submitted to AODAAC and eMII before June 2011. GHRSST GDS v2.0 format document will be forwarded to AODAAC and eMII by Nov 2010.
11b Australian Oceans Distributed Active Archive Centre (AODAAC) The AODAAC plan and pathway to operations is now well defined and the new project leader, together with project team, is actively pursuing it. It is anticipated that the merging with eMII will be complete by Dec 2010. A development plan for the additional functionality aspired to in the AODAAC is under development in the related NeAT‐funded MACDDAP project activity. The task of creating a national Ocean Colour data set has been transferred out of the AODAAC project into the Ocean Colour facility, where there is a more appropriate match to both expertise and resources.
11c Upgrade of Hobart Ground Station The new servo motors are held in reserve, and the (non‐urgent) painting work can be completed during the 2010/2011 year.
11c Upgrade of Townsville Ground Station This uptake by AODAAC has been tested and just needs being made operational by CSIRO. The data streams are however routinely being taken up by BoM (and then on to the GTS) and NOAA in near‐ real time. NASA also archives the SeaWiFS data.
PERFORMANCE INDICATORS
Providing research infrastructure
Details of new infrastructure 11b The AODAAC is now a functioning system which is being used to deliver data sets that are being used by university post‐graduate students and researchers in CSIRO.
List of data streams that are available for use in research 11a Australian Satellite SST L2P Products • BoM Legacy 14‐day, 0.01 deg x 0.01 deg, weighted mean AVHRR SSTsubskin composite L3 product from all operational NOAA series satellites. Date Period: 1 Jan 2001 to 30 Jun 2010. Accessed through AODAAC, IMOS OPeNDAP and FTP server and Ocean Portal.
APX A.11 NCRIS 11 SRS 105 • 1 km resolution AVHRR SSTskin GHRSST‐L2P (single swath) files from NOAA‐18 and NOAA‐19. Date Period: 1 Jan 2010 to 30 June 2010. Accessed through IMOS OPeNDAP and FTP servers.
11c Upgrade of Townsville Groundstation MODIS terra and aqua, SeaWiFS Seastar and NOAA AVHRR imagery
11d Satellite Ocean Colour: The water leaving radiance data collected every 15 minutes at Lucinda Jetty Coastal Observatory is preprocessed and distributed by NASA at the AERONET‐OC website [http://aeronet.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi‐ bin/type_one_station_seaprism_new?site=Lucinda&nachal=0&year=18&month=4&aero_water=0&l evel=1&if_day=0&if_err=0&year_or_month=0]
Outline the continuity of one key time series of data to be assessed against an appropriate benchmark for this facility.
11a Australian Satellite SST L2P Products The AVHRR L2P SST data set is tested against in situ data (drifting buoys and IMOS ships) and compared with SST analyses (RAMSSA) and BLUElink Ocean Model fields (OceanMAPS). The Legacy AVHRR L3 files cover a continuous period from 1 Jan 2001. By Jun 2011 we expect to have produced L2P and L3 files from AVHRR sensors on all operational NOAA satellites back to 1996.The U.S.'s Pathfinder v5 4 km x 1 km AVHRR SST products cover a period 1981 to 1990.
11b Australian Oceans Distributed Active Archive Centre (AODAAC) The SST data set is tested against in situ data and compared with model fields.
11c Upgrade of Hobart Ground Station Apart from one period of approximately six months when the facility was out of service due to the servo failure, MODIS data are available from approximately 2001 onwards with a small number of periods of temporary unavailability due to equipment failure.
11c Upgrade of Townsville Groundstation MODIS ocean colour, NOAA AVHRR HRPT imagery
Meeting researcher needs
Ongoing and new research projects and postgraduate students using IMOS data 11a Australian Satellite SST L2P Products • Ultra high‐resolution SST analysis over the Great Barrier Reef ‐ Testing use of IMOS HRPT AVHRR L2P products in the SST analysis system (Jean‐Fracois Piolle, Ifremer) • CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research SST products ‐ Testing use of IMOS HRPT AVHRR L2P products for production of CMAR SST composite products (David Griffin, CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research) • Reef Temp Project – GBRMPA web tool for predicting coral bleaching (Jeff Maynard, PhD Student, Uni of Melbourne) • Animations of raw temperature and anomalies for all Commonwealth Marine Reserves to inform the review and revision, in particular, of management plans for the following Reserves: Ashmore, Cartier, Ningaloo, and Mermaid. (Jeff Maynard, PhD Student, Uni of Melbourne) • Predictive tool for the improved monitoring of the onset and outbreak of coral disease (White Syndrome) in northern Australia (Jeff Maynard, PhD Student, Uni of Melbourne) • Transient Coastal Upwelling Along Ningaloo Reef Project (Ryan Lowe + 2 PHD students, UWA)
APX A.11 NCRIS 11 SRS 106 • Mark Baird and Helen MacDonald (PhD Student) (Uni of NSW) – Downscaling an eddy‐resolving global ocean model for the continental shelf off SE Australia • BLUElink Ocean Forecasting Australia Project (Helen Beggs, Gary Brassington and Eric Schulz, CAWCR): Assessing impact of ingesting IMOS HRPT AVHRR L2P files into operational SST analysis systems (RAMSSA and GAMSSA).
11b Australian Oceans Distributed Active Archive Centre (AODAAC) As a data delivery facility, the AODAAC does not claim to be a data producer, though over the short term, in lieu of data coming from other sub‐facilities, the project has been responsible for organising and delivering several data sets produced by project participants. The operational production of data properly lies with the relevant sub‐facilities and the wider ocean remote sensing research community and in future years that will be the case. Moreover, as a server of freely available data, the current AODAAC does not include a mechanism for identifying users. Nevertheless we are aware of the following uses of data made available via the AODAAC:
• Karen Wild‐Allen, CMAR, Trends in Remotely Sensed Chlorophyll Concentration in Tasmanian Coastal Waters, using the "Tasmanian Regional Ocean Colour Dataset" provided by Thomas Schroeder, CSIRO Land & Water. • Justin Lathlean, Ph.D candidate, U. Wollongong, SST validation in the inter‐tidal zone. • Louis Durant, Agricultural Economics, U. Sydney, SST in the Port Lincoln region.
11c Upgrade of Hobart Ground Station MODIS data acquired at TERSS is used for land cover research and for CSIRO Marine Labs research.
11c Upgrade of Townsville Ground Station • NOAA Coastwatch routinely use the data and will form the basis of a new Coral Reef Watch product between AIMS and NOAA. • BoM receive the NOAA AVHRR HRPT and ATOVS data and are using it operationally to improve forecasts. • ARGOS CLS which to receive all TIP HRPT data that has an ARGOS instrument in near real time. • SST and ocean colour products generated at AIMS are being used in various MTSRF including Reef Water Quality Monitoring and Responding to Climate Change research teams.
11d Satellite Ocean Colour Reef Rescue Marine Monitoring Program, CSIRO Land & Water, PI: V. Brando, January 2010‐ December 2010, funded by GBRMPA, partners: CSIRO, AIMS & JCU, use of data streams from LJCO for calibration and validation of MODIS imagery for environmental reporting.
Postgraduate research projects: 11b Australian Oceans Distributed Active Archive Centre (AODAAC) • Justin Lathlean, Ph.D candidate, U. Wollongong, SST validation in the inter‐tidal zone. • Louis Durant, Agricultural Economics, U. Sydney, SST in the Port Lincoln region. (not a postgraduate degree)
11c Upgrade of Townsville Ground Station • PhD, Optical Detection and Measurement of Nitrogen Fixing Cyanobacteria Trichodesmium within the Great Barrier Reef , AIMS@JCU, Lachlan Mckinna, Furnas & Ridd • PhD, Implications of climate change for the oceanography of the Great Barrier Reef Ecosystem, UQ, Ana Redondo‐Rodriguez, Weeks, Hoegh‐Guldberg, Lough, Berkelmans • PhD, Sea surface circulation in the GBR and adjacent Coral Sea , AIMS@JCU, Severine Choukroun, Ridd, Brinkman
APX A.11 NCRIS 11 SRS 107 Quality of research infrastructure
Benchmark against other similar overseas infrastructure 11a Australian Satellite SST L2P Products Various overseas agencies produce real‐time GHRSST L2P files from HRPT AVHRR data but not from Australian ground stations, eg. NAVOCEANO. The new IMOS HRPT AVHRR SST data has significantly smaller error than the global errors (against drifting buoys) of the world’s best AVHRR SST products from the same sensors/satellites (eg. Pathfinder v6 and NAVOCEANO GAC AVHRR L2P SST).
11b Australian Oceans Distributed Active Archive Centre (AODAAC) The AODAAC compares favorably with similar sites developed by NASA. The DAAC allows a user to select the area for which they want data and delivers the data in near real time. The user can also select data as HDF, netCDF, text or a list of URL’s. This combination of capabilities makes the AODAAC look world class. We are aware that UNIDATA is developing a system based on similar technology.
The AODAAC has been identified as the mechanism by which raster data will be served through the IMOS portal, thereby giving it pre‐eminence within the marine domain within Australia.
11c Upgrade of Hobart Ground Station The Hobart antenna has experienced some issues relating to the RF and control systems. Once these were resolved the performance has been nominal. The size of the antenna, together with its location enabling it to cover the Southern Ocean, as well as the South Eastern region of Australia, is attracting further investment from outside IMOS that will enable substantial further upgrade of the facility in future years.
11c Upgrade of Townsville Ground Station The receiving station is the same make and model as purchased by BoM. Similar if not better levels of reliability are occurring with the IMOS funded station. NOAA & NASA recognise us as a part of their receiving station network.
11d Satellite Ocean Colour In April 2010 Dr Stan Hooker (Director of NASA's Calibration and Validation office) after his visit to LJCO commented: “The field campaign we did together at the LJCO site firmly convinced me that you have assembled a first‐rate team of scientists and engineers, and I look forward to seeing the substantial contributions you make in ocean color research. You have established a state‐of‐the‐art observational capability in a very short time, and it is clear that you paid attention to the literature and learned from it. The most significant accomplishment I witnessed, however, was the people you recruited or have included from other CSIRO institutes (e.g., Lesley Clementson from Hobart). It was a real pleasure to meet everyone and see how each person is making unique and substantial contributions to the overall effort—this is an elusive aspect of many group activities.”
Fostering Collaborative development of infrastructure
Participation in international programs collecting similar data streams
11a Australian Satellite SST L2P Products The Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature (GHRSST) coordinates the production of L2P/L3 files from satellite SST data streams. Once the GHRSST version 2 format document is
APX A.11 NCRIS 11 SRS 108 released (Oct 2010) we shall send the real‐time and reprocessed IMOS AVHRR SST L2P files to both the GHRSST Global Data Assembly Centre (PO.DAAC) and GHRSST Long Term Archive Centre (NCDC).
11b Australian Oceans Distributed Active Archive Centre (AODAAC) Not applicable. As a distributor rather than producer of data the AODAAC is not a data stream creator. It serves as a local Australian distribution point for the GHRSST data stream produced by the SST sub‐facility (11a).
11c Upgrade of Townsville Ground Station NOAA Coastwatch – they ingest our 1km LAC data, NASA SeaWiFS ocean colour – we provide entire archive to them. CLS have approached us to include them in accessing near real time TIP HRPT data NASA GSFC rely on us for the SeaWiFS data acquisition for their global archive
11d Satellite Ocean Colour Several space agencies and earth observation programs have shown significant interest to work on the LJCO data stream for the calibration and validation of current and upcoming sensors. The European Space Agency issued a formal letter of support and image acquisition. They also invited our group to join their CoastColour project. The Hyper‐spectral Imager in the Coastal Ocean team will be imaging the site for calibration and evaluation from September 2009 onwards.
The Indian Space Research Organisation requested access to the data streams acquired at LJCO to perform calibration/validation assessment of The Ocean Colour Monitor onboard Oceansat‐2 team launched in October 2009.
The Visible/Infrared Imager Radiometer Suite team at Northrop Grumman, NASA, and US Naval Research Laboratory included the site as one the 12 calibration / validation sites.
In February 2010, Dr Brando attended NASA's AERONET‐OC PI meeting in Portland (USA) to introduce the activities of Lucinda Jetty Coastal Observatory to other members of AERONET‐OC.
In April 2010 we hosted our first international measurement campaign at LJCO with Dr Stan Hooker (Director of NASA's Calibration and Validation office) Dr John H. Morrow, (President , Biospherical Instruments Inc.), Prof Vanda Brotas (Univ of Lisbon and partner in the ESA‐CoastColur project).
Other collaborations
11b Australian Oceans Distributed Active Archive Centre (AODAAC) TERN/AusCover is seeking to replicate the AODAAC functionality for terrestrial gridded data sets. The NeAT/MACDDAP Aggregator subproject is undertaking further development that will lead to increaded AODAAC functionality.
Fostering interdisciplinary and world‐class research
List of publications using IMOS data
11a Australian Satellite SST L2P Products • Beggs H. (2010) Use of TIR from Space in Operational Systems, In: Oceanography from Space Revisited, Ed. V. Barale, J.F.R. Gower and L. Alberotanza, Pub. Springer Science+Business Media B.V. p.249‐271.
APX A.11 NCRIS 11 SRS 109 • Beggs H., L. Majewski, G. Paltoglou, E. Schulz, I. Barton and R. Verein (2010) Report to GHRSST11 from Australia ‐ BLUElink and IMOS, Proceedings of the 11th GHRSST Science Team Meeting, Lima, 21‐25 June 2010, submitted. • Beggs H., R. Verein and G. Paltoglou (2010) Calibration and Validation of AVHRR Sea Surface Temperatures using Observations from Ships of Opportunity, In: Proceedings “Oceans from Space” Venice 2010, JRC Scientific and Technical Reports, EUR 24324 EN – 2010, p. 37‐38.
11c Upgrade of Townsville Ground Station Berkelmans R., S.J. Weeks and C.R. Steinberg (2010) Upwelling linked to warm summers and bleaching on the Great Barrier Reef. Submitted to Limnology and Oceanography, Submitted Dec 2009 & May 2010. • Bainbridge S., C.R. Steinberg, M. Heron and M. Furnas (2010) Integrating Observation Systems: An Example from the Great Barrier Reef (100114‐063). Oceans’10 IEEE Sydney 24‐27 May 2010. • Lough J, Bainbridge S, Berkelmans R and Steinberg C.R. (2009) Physical monitoring of the Great Barrier Reef to understand ecological responses to climate change. In: You, Y and Henderson‐ Sellers, A (eds) Climate Alert: Climate Change Monitoring and Strategy. Sydney University Press, Sydney: 66‐110. Schiller, A., K. R. Ridgway, C. R. Steinberg, and P. R. Oke (2009), Dynamics of Three Anomalous SST Events in the Coral Sea, Geophys. Res. Lett., doi:10.1029/2008GL036997.
11d Satellite Ocean Colour • Vittorio Brando and 17 others, The Lucinda Jetty Coastal Observatory's role in satellite ocean colour calibration and validation for Great Barrier Reef coastal waters. Proceedings of IEEE OCEANS'10 Sydney, 25‐27 May 2010. • Tim Malthus, Vittorio Brando, Simon Jones, Alex Held, Arnold Dekker, Australian activities in calibration and validation for Hyperspectral sensors. Proceedings of Hyperspectral RS meeting (ESA), Frascati 17th‐19th March 2010
Details of participation in other conferences, symposia or workshops in relation to this facility 11a Australian Satellite SST L2P Products • Beggs, Helen, Leon Majewski and George Paltoglou (2010) Satellite Sea Surface Temperature Products for the Australian Region from IMOS and BLUElink. Presented at the AMSA2010 Conference, Wollongong, 5‐9 July 2010. • Beggs, Helen, Leon Majewski, George Paltoglou, Ian Barton, Eric Schulz and Ruslan Verein (2010) Report to GHRSST11 from Australia – BLUElink and IMOS. Presented by Ian Barton at the 11th GHRSST Science Team Meeting, Lima, 21‐25 June 2010. • Beggs, Helen, Leon Majewski and George Paltogou (2010) Use of Thermal Infrared from Space in Operational Systems. Presented as a keynote lecture at the Oceans from Space 2010 Symposium, Venice, 26‐30 April 2010. • Beggs H., R. Verein and G. Paltoglou (2010) Calibration and Validation of AVHRR Sea Surface Temperatures using Observations from Ships of Opportunity. Presented as a poster at the Oceans from Space 2010 Symposium, Venice, 26‐30 April 2010. • Beggs, Helen, Chelle Gentemann and Peter Steinle (2009) Real‐time skin sea surface temperature analyses for quality control of data assimilated into NWP models. Presented as a poster at the Fifth WMO International Symposium on Data Assimilation of Observations in Meteorology, Oceanography and Hydrology, Melbourne, Australia, 5‐9 October 2009.
11b Australian Oceans Distributed Active Archive Centre (AODAAC) • Wild‐Allen, K, (2010), AMSA Conference, Wollongong, "Trends in Remotely Sensed Chlorophyll Concentration in Tasmanian Coastal Waters"
APX A.11 NCRIS 11 SRS 110 • King, E., (2009), "The Australian Oceans DAAC ‐ Distributed Gridded Data Delivery for Marine Research", IMOS Collaboration Workshop, Hobart.
11c Upgrade of Townsville Ground Station Congdon B.C., S.J. Weeks and C.R. Steinberg (2010) Whirlpools and weight loss: linking seabird foraging success and oceanography in the southern Great Barrier Reef. Impacts and achievements of the MTSRF Annual 2010 Conference, Cairns. • Australia‐India Ocean Colour Workshop, Canberra February & India March 2010 • Steinberg, C. and S. Heron (2010) Oceanography, mechanical damage and wave‐induced upwelling. Satellite monitoring of reef vulnerability in a changing climate, NOAA Coral Reef Watch/UQ workshop, Lamington National Park, Feb15‐18 2010. Invited talk. • IMOS Annual Business Planning Workshop, Perth 15‐17 February 2010 IMOS SRS and modelling workshops October 2009 • S.J. Bainbridge, C.R. Steinberg, M.J. Furnas and M.L. Heron (2010) GBROOS – An Ocean Observing System for the Great Barrier Reef. In Proceedings of OceanObs’09: Sustained Ocean Observations and Information for Society (Annex), Venice, Italy, 21‐25 September 2009, Hall, J., Harrison, D.E. & Stammer, D., Eds., ESA Publication WPP‐306. • Steinberg, C. (2009) Climate change in the Australian marine environment. Climate change simulations for CMIP5 (IPCC AR5) and the data requirements for Queensland and the wet tropical regions Workshop, CSIRO, MTSRF and the QCCCE hosting. Port Douglas, 20‐21 July 2009. • Steinberg, C., S. Heron, M. Herzfeld, S. Weeks, S. Bainbridge, M. Heron, W. Skirving (2009) Observing and Modelling the Circulation of the Capricorn Bunker Group, Southern Great Barrier Reef. Australian Marine Sciences Association. Adelaide, Australia, 11‐14 July 2009. • Steinberg, C, F. McAllister, C.M. McLean, G.W. Brinkman, C. Pitcher, J. Luetchford and P. Rigby (2009) The Great Barrier Reef Ocean Observing System: Monitoring the Western Boundary Currents of the Coral Sea and Impacts on the Great Barrier Reef. Australian Marine Sciences Association. Adelaide, Australia, 11‐14 July 2009. Poster presentation. • Bainbridge, S., C. Steinberg, M. Heron, P. Rigby (2009) The role of observation systems in coral reef monitoring and management. EOS Trans. AGU, 90(22), Jt. Assem. Suppl., Abstract OS32A‐ 06. Ridgway, K., Steinberg, C., Herzfeld, M., Schiller, A. and Feng M. (2009) Downscaling Climate Change to Heron Island on the GBR. MTSRF annual science conference, Townsville, Australia, April 2009.
11d Satellite Ocean Colour • Vittorio E Brando, Arnold G Dekker, Thomas Schroeder, David Blondeau‐Patissier, Young Je Park, Lesley A Clementson, Nagur Cherukuru, Paul Daniel, “Optical complexity of the coastal waters of the Great Barrier Reef: Strategies to incorporate regional and seasonal knowledge of optical properties”, Invited Talk at the session on “Development, Validation, and Uncertainty Analysis of Optical Remote Sensing Algorithms for the Coastal Ocean” of the AGU/ASLO 2010 Ocean Sciences Meeting in Portland, USA (21‐26 February 2010) • Vittorio Brando, Thomas Schroeder, Arnold Dekker, Britta Schaffelke and Michelle Devlin, Delivering accurate water quality information for the Great Barrier Reef lagoon using regionally valid satellite remote sensing data. 2010 Annual Conference of the Marine and Tropical Sciences Research Facility (MTSRF), 18‐ 20 May 2010 Cairns
APX A.11 NCRIS 11 SRS 111
2009/10 Implementation Plan – Deployments
11a Australian Satellite SST L2P Products Activity/Deployment/Location Responsible Responsible Start Finish Status Comments Organisation(s) Person/ Support / Update Staff Ongoing supervision, data BoM Helen Beggs/ Jul 08 Jun 11 In Progress New L2P/L3 products documented in GHRSST management, documentation and Leon Majewski, Reports and extended abstracts. Technical Manual quality control. Consultation with George Paltoglou to be written to describe processing method. eMII needs to be undertaken to make sure eMII understands the GHRSST‐PP standard and the importance of error fields in the files. Develop system to generate trial BoM Helen Beggs/ Jul 08 Dec 09 Achieved Trial, real‐time, regional skin SST L2P files being real‐time, regional, skin SST L2P Leon Majewski, produced from MTSAT‐1R/MTSAT‐2 using NOAA's files from either MODIS (on Aqua George Paltoglou v3 physical retrieval processing system. and Terra) and/or MTSAT‐1R Supply real‐time operational HRPT BoM Helen Beggs/ Nov 08 Jun 09 Achieved Real‐time HRPT AVHRR SST L2P files supplied to AVHRR SST L2P/L3P files to Leon Majewski, AODAAC of higher accuracy than Pathfinder or GAC GHRSST‐PP/AODAAC which are of George Paltoglou AVHRR L2P when compared with buoys. comparable accuracy to the GAC AVHRR L2P product (produced by NAVOCEANO) Supply reprocessed AVHRR BoM Helen Beggs/ Jul 08 Jun 09 Achieved AVHRR 'mosaic' L3 files supplied back to 1 Jan ‘mosaic’ L3P back to 1 Jan 2002 to Leon Majewski, 2001. AODAAC George Paltoglou Reprocess archived AVHRR raw BoM Helen Beggs/ Jul 09 Jun 11 In Progress Currently reprocessed back to Jun 2008. Expect to data from NOAA satellites to Leon Majewski, process back to 1996 by Jun 2011. L2P/L3P SST George Paltoglou Develop operational system to BoM Helen Beggs/ Feb 09 Jun 10 In Progress Testing MTSAT‐1R/2 v3 SST processing system generate real‐time, regional, Leon Majewski, prior to operational implementation. satellite skin SST L2P/L3P files George Paltoglou
11b Australian Oceans Distributed Active Archive Centre (AODAAC)
APX A.11 NCRIS 11 SRS 112
Activity/Deployment/Location Responsible Responsible Start Finish Status Comments Organisation(s) Person/Support / Update Staff netCDF output module CSIRO Matt Paget Nov 08 March 09 Achieved Deployment of system on ARCS CSIRO Peter Turner and March 09 June 09 Delayed Pending progress on documentation and Ken Suber management interface Rework of the web user interface CSIRO Peter Turner, Ken April 09 May 09 Achieved Web interface stable. No further development in in response to user feedback. Suber, Edward view of transfer to eMII King and Glen Smith Transfer of the system to an CSIRO/BoM? Peter Turner , July 09 Sep 09 In Progress eMII to be operational host, transition underway, operational manager. Anthony Rea and expected completion Oct‐Dec 2010 Edward King A monitoring system will be setup CSIRO Ken Suber and June 09 June 10 Achieved Monitoring system is operational to alert operators to problems in Glen Smith the system. The initial setup Addition of a client application and CSIRO Ken Suber, Glen July 09 Dec 09 Achieved command line access. Smith and Peter Turner Development of a test suite to do CSIRO Ken Suber and July 09 June 10 In Progress unit testing. When a module is Glen Smith modified we want to make sure it still works correctly using a set of tests. Harvester administration interface CSIRO Ken Suber and Jan 10 June 10 Delayed Pending resolution of design issues to simplify the process of adding Glen Smith new datasets. A GUI needs to be designed and coded in Java. Management of primary and CSIRO Peter Turner, and Jan 10 June 10 Other Unclear what this involves. Being resolved within secondary/ancillary data fields. Ken Suber the context of the related MACDDAP project. Rework of the web user interface CSIRO Ken Suber and Jan 10 April 10 Achieved in response to user feedback. Glen Smith The administration GUI interface Ken Suber June 10 Dec 10 Other Redesigned to use WWW‐based interface, in will be coded in Java and tested. development
APX A.11 NCRIS 11 SRS 113
Activity/Deployment/Location Responsible Responsible Start Finish Status Comments Organisation(s) Person/Support / Update Staff System Performance testing and CSIRO Ken Suber and Jan 11 June 11 Other System has been in active test with users for most final code optimisation Glen Smith of the 09/10 FY, issues are addressed as soon as they come to light. eMII integration. We need to CSIRO Peter Turner, Ken July 09 June 11 In Progress make sure the data formats are Suber and Glen compatible with eMII Smith requirements. Standard names to be assigned to Peter Turner March 09 June 11 In Progress data products and meta‐data managed to assist integration with eMII. Improved error management and CSIRO Ken Suber and Nov 08 June 11 In Progress reporting. Through operational Glen Smith experience and analysis we need to make sure all possible error conditions are properly managed. Ongoing system maintenance. This CSIRO Peter Turner, Ken Nov 08 June 11 In Progress includes rewrites of sections of the Suber and Glen AODAAC software to streamline Smith the functioning of the system. Testing of AODAAC data through Peter Turner March 09 June 11 Other Functionality to be integrated into IMOS portal eMII. Dependent on eMII progress Improved user and system CSIRO Ken Suber and July 09 June 11 In Progress Significant progress developing and assembling documentation. User online Glen Smith documentation on ARCS‐hosted trac wiki at documentation: help pages, http://projects.arcs.org.au/trac/aodaac/wiki/Main dataset descriptions. Operations Documentation manual and a system architecture guide. User documentation is already available as is some system architecture information. These documents need expanding and reworking as the system develops.
APX A.11 NCRIS 11 SRS 114
Activity/Deployment/Location Responsible Responsible Start Finish Status Comments Organisation(s) Person/Support / Update Staff Placing more datasets online: Daily CSIRO and other Peter Turner, Ken July 09 June 11 In Progress Standard processed MODIS Chlor‐A, GHRSST L3P, SST composites, daily skin SST agencies Suber and others 10yrs of SST (1,3,6,10,15‐day) composites, Tas. composites and standard ocean Regional ocean colour bio‐optical products (see http://oceancolor.gsfc.nasa.gov/D OCS/MSL12/MSl12_prod.html ) and other as yet unspecified products as contributed by various organizations. As yet unknown technical fixes and CSIRO Ken Suber + July 09 June 11 In Progress Several bugs identified an resolved in response to enhancements user feedback through course of the year
11c Upgrade of Hobart Ground Station Activity/Deployment/Location Responsible Responsible Start Finish Status Comments Organisation(s) Person/Support Staff / Update
Complete installation of servo GA Stuart Barr, Mike 25 May 30 May Other Replacement servo drives stored as spares, drives and other minor equipment Pasfield, John Woolner 2009 2009 the original servo drives continue to operate (dehumidifier unit, etc) nominally. Other minor equipment has been installed Repainting of the antenna and GA Stuart Barr, Mike 2 Nov 31 Dec Other Replacement of the failed low noise amplifier pedestal Pasfield, John Woolner 2009 2009 & repairs to the housing were given preference Gearbox inspection GA Stuart Barr, Mike 2 Nov 31 Dec Other Given low priority due to possible Pasfield, John Woolner 2009 2009 replacement of the antenna Inspection/testing of Wireless LAN GA Stuart Barr, Mike Feb 2010 Feb 2010 Achieved A new wireless LAN was installed and link Pasfield, John Woolner commissioned Possible gearbox refurbishment GA Stuart Barr, Mike Mar Mar Other Not now required due to possible antenna Pasfield, John Woolner 2010 2010 replacement
APX A.11 NCRIS 11 SRS 115
11c Upgrade of Townsville Ground Station Activity/Deployment/Location Responsible Responsible Start Finish Status Comments Organisation(s) Person/Support Staff / Update
L band upgrade subject to AIMS Mike Mahoney 03 2009 06 2009 Achieved software supply from manufacturer Produce near real‐time data AIMS Mike Mahoney 03 2009 06 2009 Achieved Data streams going to BoM, NOAA and NASA streams from the X band station to in near real time. AODAAC and other agencies. Produce near real‐time data AIMS Mike Mahoney 07 2009 06 2010 Achieved As above streams from the X band station to AODAAC and other agencies. Produce near real‐time data AIMS Mike Mahoney 07 2010 06 2011 In Progress As above. Full routine uptake by AODAAC to streams from the X band station to be completed AODAAC and other agencies.
11d Satellite Ocean Colour Activity/Deployment/Location Responsible Responsible Start Finish Status Comments Organisation(s) Person/Support Staff / Update
Infrastructure installed at Lucinda CSIRO Brando/Keen/Howden 03/09 05/09 Achieved Installation of instruments CSIRO Brando/Keen/Daniel 05/09 05/09 Achieved Test deployment of instruments on CSIRO Brando/Keen/Daniel 04/09 06/09 Achieved site Operation deployment of CSIRO Brando/Keen/Daniel 06/09 06/11 In Progress instruments Delivery of real time data stream CSIRO Brando/Daniel 06/09 06/11 In Progress to eMII Use of data stream for calibration CSIRO Brando 02/10 06/11 In Progress and validation of satellite sensors and algorithm for GBR coastal waters
APX A.11 NCRIS 11 SRS 116
NCRIS Facility: Australian Ocean Data Network (AODN) Development Office
Facility Leader: Roger Proctor, University of Tasmania (UTAS)
Contact details: Phone: 03 6226 1977 Email: [email protected]
Note: Please see Appendix A.10 for the NCRIS work done in 2009/10 by eMII. In this Appendix A.12 are the additional items required to be reported under AODN DO, with any matters relevant to both eMII and AODN DO only being reported in Appendix A.10
Overview of status of Facility
Funding of $1.525m ($1.336m from DIISR less BlueNet closing costs $.136m, and $.325m from ANDS) obtained in July09 to establish the Development Office. Business plan presented to AODCJF Board in Aug09 and revised for Mar10 meeting. List of datasets immediately available from AODCJF partners compiled. Recruitment exercise for 5 staff commenced in April 2010 secured 4 positions. Successful proposal to ANDS (Sept09, $.325m) to publish RV underway data project managed by the Development Office. [Note: Development Office formally started on 1 July 2010].
A description of activities undertaken to establish and operate the infrastructure
Background activity by IMOS Director (Moltmann) and eMII staff (Proctor, Gorringe) to discover candidates for AODN data exposure. Patrick Gorringe recruited to IMOS/eMII in January 2010 to spend 50% of his time as AODN Development Office manager. Presentations of AODN vision and plans at 7 international and 9 national meetings. Audit of initial datasets to be provided by AODCJF agencies.
Agreed activities not completed
Activity slower to start than anticipated, delay was due to awaiting AODCJF Board approval.
PERFORMANCE INDICATORS
Details of new infrastructure
Builds on the IMOS information infrastructure
List of data streams that are available for use in research
Initial pledge of data streams from the AODCJF agencies
Participation in international programs collecting similar data streams
Collaboration talks with other NCRIS capabilities (TERN, ALA, Auscope) following Collaboration meeting in Hobart, August 2009. Collaboration with the IOC IODE Portal developers.
APX A.12 NCRIS 12 AODN 117
EIF Facility: Argo Australia
Facility Leader: Susan Wijffles, CSIRO
Contact details: Phone : 03 6232 5450 Email : [email protected]
Note: Please see Appendix A.1 for the NCRIS work done in 2009/10 by Argo Australia. In this Appendix B.1 are the additional items required to be reported under EIF, with any matters relevant to both NCRIS and EIF only being reported in Appendix A.1
Overview of status of Facility
Argo Australia deployments into high southern latitudes were deemed high priority for the limited number of sensors released by the manufacturer, most of which were assigned to EIF floats (41 deployed out of 46 planned).
Activities undertaken, including unexpected or unusual activities
Of the 46 planned floats, 46 were acquired and 41 deployed, quite an achievement given the small number of vetted pressure sensors made available to the Argo community over the past 12 months. EIF investment was to target the Southern Ocean and so 33 of the 41 were deployed south of 40°S, 18 with ice‐avoidance and 10 directly into the sea ice zone south of 50°S. EIF also funded 7 floats with oxygen sensors, all of which are deployed into the Southern Ocean.
EIF funding supported a joint lease with US Argo and New Zealand’s National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research of the RV Kaharoa into the South Indian Ocean. This secured, they then deployed over 100 US Argo floats into this key region (which is little visited by SOOP) as well as deploying 8 Argo Australia floats.
The largest risk was due to pressure sensor failure. This was managed by halting deployments to ensure we only used sensors that had a low chance of failure. The next largest risk is associated with high failure rates due to sea‐ice damaging floats. Floats are equipped with ice‐avoidance algorithms and by using Iridium communications we can reduce surface times and store profiles on board for later transmission when ice conditions have eased. A greater use of Iridium communications also poses some risk, and indeed some teething problems are being experienced, despite overseas groups having large cohorts of Iridium Floats. We are exploring whether intermittency and poor connection success is due to a local on‐seller problem, high wave conditions or configuration problems. These are being urgently explored to resolve the problem before large numbers of floats are deployed.
Agreed activities not completed
Despite a complete halt to deployments for more than 6 months, the majority of the floats we were committed to deploy are now in the water. The exception was 5 Oxygen floats that have not been deployed because delivery was later than planned. These floats had to wait for reliable sensors before they could be shipped. They are planned for deployment in the next couple of months, after the sensors have been calibrated. Thirty‐nine of the other floats are performing well, though one disappeared when deployed (we suspect a problem with the pressure
APX B.1 EIF 1 Argo 118 activation) and another iridium float was found to be leaking after deployment and has now also disappeared.
Remedial action proposed, including timeframes.
The 5 remaining floats will be deployed within 3 or 4 months of the original deadline.
PERFORMANCE INDICATORS
Providing Research Infrastructure
EIF supported the acquisition of 46 floats, and the deployment of 41 Argo, including 7 oxygen floats. As proposed, 18 are equipped with ice avoidance algorithms and 10 were deployed in areas where ice is expected to form.
Meeting Researcher Needs Measures of user satisfaction
At the recent OceanObs09 Conference Argo was recognized and referred to numerous times as the single most important advancement in the ocean component of the Global Climate Observing System (GCOS). The plenary and community papers from this meeting form a sound basis to assess the central value of Argo in climate science (climate change processes, decadal prediction, seasonal climate forecasting, ocean processes) and of growing importance for ocean ecosystem studies.
Argo is the dominant source of in situ ocean data that is used to underpin the sciences of ocean and climate forecasting. Internationally Argo is underpinning 100‐200 peer reviewed papers per year (http://www.argo.ucsd.edu/Bibliography.html ), with at least 30 papers involving Australian researchers.
Argo data also facilitate ocean reanalyses and prediction products, and thus underpin science done using these products ( see GODAE publication list http://www.godae.org/GODAE‐ publications‐97‐08.html).
Fostering Collaborative and World‐class Research
Number and nature of international collaborative research activities supported by EIF infrastructure
1. Global sea level and planetary energy budgets – CSIRO, BOM, USGS USA, Trent University, Canada; U. Cal Irvine, USA; JPL USA; U. Reading; UK; UK Met Office, UK. 2. Biases in historical XBT data – CSIRO; U. Tohuku, Japan; NODC USA 3. GODAE Ocean View – CSIRO; BoM; over 8 other international ocean forecasting centres; 4. Intraseasonal Indo‐pacific heat budgets: Scripps Inst. Oceanography USA; CSIRO 5. Mode Water formation – CSIRO; U. Florida, USA; 6. Indian Ocean Dipole variability – CSIRO; SIO, USA. 7. Southern Ocean/Ice interactions – CSIRO; U. Tasmania; AWI Germany.
APX B.1 EIF 1 Argo 119 EIF Facility: Australian Blue Water Observing System ‐ 3c Deepwater Arrays
Facility Leader: Bernadette Sloyan, CSIRO
Contact details: Phone : 03 6232 5152 Email : [email protected]
Note: Please see Appendix A.3 for the NCRIS work done in 2009/10 by DEEP WATER MOORINGS. In this Appendix B.2 are the additional items required to be reported under EIF, with any matters relevant to both NCRIS and EIF only being reported in Appendix A.3
Overview of status of Facility The DEEP WATER MOORINGS facility to June 30, 2010 has completed the design and purchase of major instrumentation that will be deployed of the three Indonesian Through Flow (ITF) deep moorings. The design of the array was based on previous CMAR experience in the region. Lessons learnt from prior mooring deployments were considered in the design. This knowledge has resulted in an updated mooring design that will improve the performance of the ITF mooring with respect to previous moorings arrays. Specifically these improvements include the use of pumped conductivity sensors to improve the coherence of the velocity and salinity observations that will allow for an accurate estimate of volume, temperature and salinity transports from the array. The mooring will also provide vertical velocity profiles to approximately 850m and point source velocity to 1500m at 100m vertical resolution.
Mechanically our review of the performance of the previous mooring array has resulted in the use of slightly different tether and wire on the mooring array that will hopefully minimise the loss of the data from Ombai mooring during spring and neap tides. Ship time on the RV Solander has been approved and the mooring deployment voyage scheduled June 10‐22 2011.
The first stage of the ITF mooring array was completed in June 2010 with the deployment of three moorings extending across the continental slope to the 400 m isobath (Craig Steinberg, AIMS). The build of ITF deep mooring array will occur between December 2010 and March 2011. We are on target to have the mooring array built and the complete ITF array in the water by June 2011.
Additional activities undertaken CMAR via the DEEP WATER MOORINGS Deepwater Arrays sub‐facility loaned the ITF coastal array (Craig Steinberg) a number (3) syntactic sphere as the ordered equipment was not due to arrive in Australia prior to the June 2010 deployment date. The members of CMAR OSD group serviced the floatation prior to shipping to Darwin. They were congratulated for their prompt and efficient response to the request. The cost of servicing these floats (consumables and staff) was covered by the Deepwater Array ITF budget.
PERFORMANCE INDICATORS
Providing Research Infrastructure Value of new infrastructure by location All mooring instruments and consumables (wire and rope tether) have either been ordered or identified from CMAR instrument pool. New instruments (infrastructure) include:
APX B.2 EIF 3 120 DWM • Six profiling current meters ‐ 4 x RDI workhorse 75 kHz ADCP, 2x RDI workhorse 300 kHz ADCP, 1x deck unit ($345,000) 12x SBE37SMP pumped conductivity and temperature recorders and 2x SBE56 temperature recorders ($133,507) 1x Pressure inverted echo sounder (PIES) ($32,000). 5000 m of 7mm mooring cable ($18,650) 5000 m of 7mm soft tether (approximately $40,000) These items are stored at CMAR OSD pool prior to deployment on the mooring array in June 2011.
Performance against EIF principles Principle 1: Projects should address national infrastructure priorities The ITF array will provide long‐term observations of the mass, heat and freshwater exchange between the Pacific and Indian Ocean. A better understanding of the ocean pathways from the Pacific to the Indian Ocean requires sustained and detailed observations of the ITF for a long period. Ultimately, seasonal prediction models will have to simulate the transmission reasonably well to get the most societal benefit. The ITF provides the mechanism by which variability associated with ENSO enters Australia’s coastal boundary and subsequently propagates around the western and southern shelves.
Principle 2: Projects should demonstrate high benefits and effective use of resources While the ITF deep mooring array has not yet been deployed, the Australian commitment to monitor the southern Strait and passage of the ITF is being used as a leverage to gain international support to monitor the northern passages. In a short period we have been able to design and purchase all major equipment and consumables needed to successfully build the mooring array.
Principle 3: Projects should efficiently address infrastructure needs CMAR mechanical and mooring technicians are the only group in Australia that has the capability and experience designing and building deep ocean moorings. These highly skilled professionals have utilized their combined knowledge to design the mooring array.
Principle 4: Projects should demonstrate they achieve established standards in implementation and management We have undertaken international best practice in designing the moorings arrays. These include: Comprehensive mooring design based on sophisticated friction and dynamics mooring model software. Considerable experience for mooring mechanics and technician overseeing the mooring build Strobe light and position beacon (activates when mooring is at the surface) on moorings to enabling tracking of mooring on recovery or monitoring if mooring prematurely releases until vessel can be deployed to recover mooring. Extremely experienced mooring technician for deployment and recovery of moorings. No surface expression of moorings to avoid vandalism and accidental damage from shipping, fishing or recreational vessels.
APX B.2 EIF 3 121 DWM EIF Facility: Australian National Facility for Ocean Gliders
Facility Leader: Chari Pattiaratchi, University of Western Australia (UWA)
Contact details: Phone : 08 6488 3179 Email : [email protected]
Note: Please see Appendix A.4 for the NCRIS work done in 2009/10 by ANFOG. In this Appendix B.3 are the additional items required to be reported under EIF, with any matters relevant to both NCRIS and EIF only being reported in Appendix A.4
Overview of status of Facility
From EIF funding, 6 Seagliders which are able to operate to a maximum depth of 1000m and a maximum endurance time of up to 6 months were allocated. The Seagliders have sensors to measure conductivity (for salinity), temperature, dissolved oxygen, fluorescence, turbidity and CDOM (dissolved organic matter) with depth.
Activities undertaken, including unexpected or unusual activities.
Highlights of the facility are: • The full complement of 6 Seagliders were delivered in April 2010. • The deployment of a Seaglider at the Southern Ocean Time Series (SOTS) station using Southern Surveyor and subsequent recovery off Tasmania • The deployment of a Seaglider off Townsville in the Coral Sea – the glider is still operational (August 2010).
PERFORMANCE INDICATORS
Providing Research Infrastructure
Infrastructure ($1,250,000) in terms of 6 Seagliders have been purchased and have been deployed in the Southern Ocean and Coral Sea. The Seagliders are serviced at The University of Western Australia.
APX B.3 EIF 4 ANFOG 122 EIF Facility: Australian National Mooring Network
Facility Leader: Tim Lynch, CSIRO
Contact details: Phone : 03 6232 5239 Email : [email protected]
Note: Please see Appendix A.6 for the NCRIS work done in 2009/10 by ANMN. In this Appendix B.4 are the additional items required to be reported under EIF, with any matters relevant to both NCRIS and EIF only being reported in Appendix A.6
Overview of status of Facility
Establish NRS at Stradbroke Island In consultation with the science node the location of the North Stradbroke National Reference Station (NRS) has been established at 27o20.500S 153o 33.730E. Biogeochemical sampling at the site is well established, with the NRS now having a sampling history for Zooplankton from 29‐9‐ 2008, with the full NRS sampling procedure having been undertaken since the 27‐05‐2009.
Purchasing and construction of the sensor array for the moored component of the NRS at Stradbroke Island is complete and sensors have been delivered to the CMAR Cleveland laboratory. A successful desktop test of the sensors and telemetry system has occurred. A suitable charter boat for the deployment has also been sourced, the Qld DPI research vessel the Tom Marshall, and contracts negotiated.
Due to the strong current conditions found at the site, standard CMAR NRS mooring types were inappropriate. A new catenary design, based in part on the Pulse Southern Ocean Time Series mooring, has now been finalized and built.
The major risk to the project is refusal to permit the mooring deployment by the Queensland Department of Environment and Resource Management (DERM). The department has raised concerns regarding whale entanglement in the mooring. Every effort is being made to clear this obstacle to deployment. Wide consultation with mooring and whale experts has been undertaken and the risk of entanglement is seen to be very low with this type of taut oceanographic mooring. This advice has been packaged into a report which the Queensland node has submitted to DERM.
If permitting is achieved the mooring is on track for planned deployment in December 2010. The contingency plan is to only deploy the NRS infrastructure outside the whale migration period.
Enhance 2 NRS with PCO2 and PH instruments All equipment has arrived in Australia and is being setup in preparation for deployment at the Yongala and Maria Island sites. An iridium rudics system, needed to receive daily data from the moorings, has been constructed and is functioning. The data transmission allows testing of the moored sensors at deployment and helps in the rapid detection of problems in order to minimize any loss of data. In collaboration with AIMS, modifications have been made to the Yongala mooring to house the CO2 sensors. The Yongala mooring was deployed in mid August 2010 and CO2 sensors should be deployed in Sept/Oct 2010, depending on availability of staff
APX B.4 EIF 6 ANMN 123 and boats. Staff have been trained in the deployment of the buoy and sensors to be used at the Maria Island site with deployment scheduled toward the end of 2010.
Manage upgrade of 9 NRS with ADCPs CSIRO ‐ ADCPs for NRS at Maria, Rottnest, Ningaloo and Esperance AIMS ‐ ADCPs for NRS at Yongala and Darwin SIMS ‐ ADCP for NRS at Port Hacking SARDI ‐ ADCP for NRS at Kangaroo Island
The ADCP deployment has been managed with all 9 NRS ADCPs now having been purchased and either deployed or are in planning for deployment. Staff recruitment of an electronics technician, Mr Brendon Dando, has occurred and Mr Dando has received training in both deployment and relevant instrumentation. A new gimbaled ADCP system has been developed and will be tested at the Maria Island National Reference Station and deployed across CMAR NRS sites. New workshops and support facilities have been built at CMAR in Hobart, Floreat and Cleveland to support the increased work capacity required for the EIF moorings. This has included the formation of a coastal mooring team at CMAR.
Yongala ADCPs were ordered and scheduled for deployment in June 2010. An upgrade to real time data has been delayed due to late arrival of mooring gear and subsequently strong SE trade winds that meant diving and deployment would be unsafe. The work has been re‐scheduled for August 2010.
Darwin was successfully upgraded during the ITF cruise in June 2010 to real‐time ADCP currents and WQM data streams. This mooring uses an acoustic modem to transmit data from a bottom frame and inductive modems via a cable from a subsurface WQM. Data including meteorological data is transmitted from the buoy via the nextG network.
The Port Hacking, Ningaloo and Kangaroo Island ADCPs have been purchased and added into the deployed schedule.
Indonesian Through Flow (ITF) Array EIF funding required a fast response due to the need to plan, purchase, receive and deploy the infrastructure within a 12 month period. Whilst the ITF shelf moorings contract was not finalised until March 2010, gear was purchased and most was delivered in time for the deployment cruise on the RV Solander in late June 2010. It was however necessary to loan some flotation from CSIRO’s pool in order to meet the deadline.
The deployment cruise was successful with the final mooring deployed on June 30. Significant discussions were held between WAIMOS and DEEP WATER MOORINGS (see Appendix B.2) to ensure the shelf array complemented the planned extension of the deep water moorings.
Mooring locations are provided to the Naval Hydrographer through formal Notices to Mariners and regional commercial fishers and oil and gas industry will be notified directly. All moorings are however sub‐surface and will not be interfered by surface shipping. Satellite tracking devices will be fitted to notify us if a mooring drifts away.
APX B.4 EIF 6 ANMN 124 Additional activities undertaken Darwin WQM turbidity sensor range is too low for the turbid environment. We plan to attach a wide range sensor integrated into the sensor package to correct for this. pCO2 and oxygen optode calibration facilities were constructed to test sensors prior to deployment on moorings. The facilities are needed for pre‐deployment check and ongoing maintenance of the sensors. These are the only facilities of their kind in the Southern Hemisphere and required significant planning and engineering. The facilities will help maximize data returns. Without them the sensors would need to be returned to the USA or Europe for some maintenance.
A pilot project has been initiated to develop a measure of zooplankton backscatter from the ADCP at the North Stradbroke Island NRS.
Remedial action proposed, including timeframes Purchase and deploy wider range sensor by June 2011
PERFORMANCE INDICATORS Providing Research Infrastructure Value of new infrastructure by location • $1,000,000 for 4 moorings in the ITF shelf array. Moorings comprise floatation, dual acoustic releases, ADCPs, a WQM and a number of temperature, pressure and conductivity sensors along the in‐line moorings. Some of these have been taken from AIMS and CSIRO’s pools and will be purchased with remaining capital funds that have not been spent yet. $400,000 pCO2 • $485,000 for NSI NRS ‐ Moorings comprise floatation, dual acoustic releases for 3 moorings (surface, sub‐surface and ADCP), ADCPs, twin WQMs with swap out and a number of temperature and pressure sensors. • $100,000 for Darwin and Yongala real‐time ADCPs $50,000 for Port Hacking NRS ADCP $200,000 for Maria, Rottnest, Ningaloo and Esperance ADCPs
Number, type and location of applicants for each facility • ITF details are contained in the WAIMOS and Q‐IMOS node science plans. • The NSI NRS is contained in the Q‐IMOS node science plans. The ADCP upgrades are contained in all node science plans. • pCO2 is contained in the Q‐IMOS, SAIMOS TASIMOS science plans as biogeochemical data. Australian Tropical Research Facility (AIMS and ANU) NT government NRETA Edyvane • Reef water quality monitoring programme ‐ GBRMPA & AIMS, Schaffelke, GBRMPA • Whole of GBR Model ‐ AIMS & CSIRO, Brinkman, Herzfeld, MTSRF & GBRMPA Responding to Climate Change, AIMS, Lough, AIMS • New tools for managing ecosystem responses to climate change on the southern Great Barrier Reef, AIMS, UQ, Hoegh‐Guldberg, Weeks, Steinberg, Eakin, Skirving, NOAA ARC Linkage • Early warning and assessment system for thermal stress on the GBR, MTSRF, Hoegh‐ Guldberg, Weeks, Berkelmans, Steinberg, MTSRF
APX B.4 EIF 6 ANMN 125
Number, type and location of users for each facility Users were identified in the node science plans. ITF data is delayed mode so will not be available until the year recovered in January 2011. eMII tracks users
Quality of Research Infrastructure Benchmark against other Australian and overseas infrastructure. ITF designs build on prior international efforts to monitor this region e.g. through INSTANT.
The NRS system is under review by the NRS Scientific Steering committee. No comparative national infrastructure exists for the NRS. Coastal observing systems tend to be localised at sub‐ regional scales. This national approach is therefore generating much international interest.
However on a regional scale, a close benchmark for the moored infrastructure side of the NRS at least, is NOAA's Chesapeake Bay Interpretive Buoy System (CBIBS). The system is approximately the same infrastructure size having recently deployed their ninth WatchKeeper™ buoy. This monitoring platform includes wind, air temperature, barometric pressure, a current profiler and a TRIAXYS™ Directional wave sensor. Like the NRS it also includes a Wetlabs Water Quality Monitor (WQM) sensor that transmits data via a Wireless Fibre (WFS) modem to the buoy. The WatchMan500™ controller then collects all data inputs and sends it to the CBIBS website using a Verizon CDMA cellular network. A tenth buoy is to be delivered to NOAA in October 2010. For benchmarking purposes telemetered data is available at http://chesapeakebay.noaa.gov/cbibs . This telemetered datastream and the wide range of users has been identified by the project as instrumental in the continuation of funding.
ANMN is supporting CMAR and partner organizations to deploy and maintain high frequency pCO2 and acidification observations, this is the only group outside of USA which has the capacity to do this. Benchmarking is from the 23 moorings deployed and maintained by NOAA.
Collaborative Infrastructure Provision Extent and duration of collaborative agreements / relationships established for managing and developing research infrastructure The initial EIF funding for the ANMN is collaboration between CSIRO, SARDI, AIMS and SIMS/UNSW.
Fostering Collaborative and World‐class Research Number and nature of Australian research collaborations that involve use of EIF infrastructure Australian Tropical Research Facility (AIMS and ANU) NT government NRETA Edyvane Darwin Ports Corporation will use Darwin NRS data to better manage the environment and shipping in the approaches to Darwin. Reef water quality monitoring programme ‐ GBRMPA & AIMS, Schaffelke, GBRMPA Whole of GBR Model ‐ AIMS & CSIRO, Brinkman, Herzfeld, MTSRF & GBRMPA
International collaborative research activities supported by EIF infrastructure NOAA for the pCO2 moorings.
APX B.4 EIF 6 ANMN 126 EIF Facility: Australian Animal Tagging and Monitoring System (AATAMS)
Facility Leader: Rob Harcourt, Sydney Institute of Marine Science (SIMS)
Contact details: Phone : 02 9850 7970 Email : [email protected]
Note: Please see Appendix A.8 for the NCRIS work done in 2009/10 by AATAMS. In this Appendix B.5 are the additional items required to be reported under EIF, with any matters relevant to both NCRIS and EIF only being reported in Appendix A.8
Overview of status of Facility Highlights: • Deployment of conductivity, temperature and depth (CTD) tags on Australian sea lions between to collect cross‐shelf transects with over 7000 vertical CTD profiles with high resolution and broad temporal and spatial coverage. Profiles were collected between November and May coincident with seasonal upwelling events, along Australia’s southern shelves, principally Flinders Current upwelling in the eastern Great Australian Bight. • Deployment of conductivity, temperature and depth (CTD) tags on southern elephant seals with 8528 vertical CTD profiles (as of 3rd August 2010) with high resolution. Profiles collected with broad temporal and spatial coverage of the southern ocean spanning 30 degrees of latitude (47° 18’ S to 76° 40’ S) and 109 degrees of longitude (116°40’E to 135°31’W) to depths of 1225m between January and ongoing at time of writing. Successful Super Science Fellowship linked to the SOSS dataset (Nicols and Gales of the Australian Antarctic Division (AAD) , Hindell of UTas & Harcourt of Macquarie University) Provision of equipment for North Queensland Acoustic Arrays
Difficulties: Non deployment of CTD tags on elephant seals from mainland Antarctica due to logistical problems experienced by AAD with the new runway Delay in deployment of North Queensland arrays due to permitting delays in the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park
Breakthroughs • Oceanographic data from CTD tags became available in real‐time through the eMII portal Acoustic tag data became accessible to research community through eMII portal
Activities including discussion of unexpected or unusual activities. Acoustic Installations Permits applied for, multiple meetings with GBROOS committee and coinvestment partners, equipment ordered and site locations confirmed
Seals as Oceanographic Samplers • Nine conductivity, temperature and depth (CTD) tags deployed on Australian sea lions at 5 locations spread across eastern Great Australian Bight, South Australia to collect cross‐shelf transects with high resolution and broad temporal and spatial coverage. Profiles collected between November and May coincident with seasonal upwelling events, along Australia’s southern shelves, principally Flinders Current upwelling.
APX B.5 EIF 8 AATAMS 127 15 conductivity, temperature and depth (CTD) tags deployed on southern elephant seals at Macquarie Island by Dr Iain Field (Macquarie University) and team under permit from DPIWE Tasmania to Prof Mark Hindell, University of Tasmania
Agreed activities not completed and an explanation why they were not completed Acoustic Installations Northern Queensland acoustic deployments: acoustic receivers purchased and permits now obtained to cover all proposed deployment locations, permit delays are responsible for the delay in deployments.
Remedial action proposed, including timeframes. Acoustic Installations Northern Queensland acoustic deployments are planned to take place in August 2010 in collaboration with JCU and AIMS and local research stations.
PERFORMANCE INDICATORS Providing Research Infrastructure Value of new infrastructure by location Acoustic Installations 65 Vemco VR2w acoustic receivers purchased total value of $95,000 Mooring equipment purchased for a total value of $5,000
VR2Ws are data‐loggers that record information transmitted by acoustic transmitters (animal mounted or otherwise deployed) at 69kHZ. Data is recorded to solid state memory and then physically downloaded by users at 6‐12 monthly intervals. They are either bottom mounted in waters < 20m or affixed to moorings with acoustic releases in waters 20M + to 500m.
Seals as Oceanographic Samplers 50 CTD‐ SRDLs purchased £UK 175,000 plus satellite time
These tags include high‐resolution temperature and conductivity sensors manufactured by Valeport (UK). Temperature is measured to an accuracy of 0.01º C, and conductivity to 0.01 mS/cm. The devices retain the measurement circuitry but use the CTD‐SRDLs to carry out the data compression using the standard algorithm for Argo drifting CTD floats modified to give a combination of fixed depth and inflection points. The tag performs up‐casts depending on time and depth criteria that suit the deployment, sampling every 0.5. With good satellite coverage up to four full temperature and salinity profiles are transmitted each day.
The satellite then relays the data to ground stations that process the information, compute the location from which the message was received and place the location and raw data into a database. The ARGOS database is interrogated automatically every two hours by the SMRU computers and the data are automatically loaded into a local database and decoded. The data is downloaded directly to eMII where it is freely available.
Performance against EIF principles Principle 1: Projects should address national infrastructure priorities • Northern Australia ‐ Acoustic installations addressing capability gap for northern Australian waters
APX B.5 EIF 8 AATAMS 128 • Southern Ocean ‐ Seals as Oceanographic Samplers addresses Southern Ocean priority in particular providing critical infrastructure to address the capability gap arising from Argo floats inability to successfully collect vertical water profiles under the winter sea ice
Principle 2: Projects should demonstrate high benefits and effective use of resources Biologging of marine predators provides a means to sample the marine environment at unsurpassed resolution and spatial scales, at a fraction of the cost of other platforms. Ecological performance indicators of marine predators provide a cost‐efficient way to monitor whole‐of‐ system response to oceanographic change. With increasing numbers of studies worldwide the cost per tracking unit continues to decrease with the economies of scale. The data that are collected are simple metrics that require little post collection processing and filtering, reducing data handling costs. Furthermore with increased use the unit manufacturers are continually redeveloping the technology, size and shape of the unit reducing the overall costs. The strategic deployment of AATAMS equipment and tracking devices also reduces the cost per deployment. Collaborative research efforts with partner institutions and their contribution of independently collected data to the total data pool suggest that co‐investment in AATAMS is a highly attractive and cost effective approach for sustainable observation of biological and environmental marine systems.
Principle 3: Projects should efficiently address infrastructure needs AATAMS provides the opportunity to observe marine animals across a range or spatial and temporal scales in both vertical and horizontal space. Observation of predator movements, foraging ecology and vital rate responses integrates the influence variability in the lower trophic levels and natural and anthropogenic physical environmental changes within whole‐system approach. Such studies have not only revealed the dynamic variability of oceanographic features such as fronts and eddies (e.g., Charrassin et al. 2009), but also how important this environmental variability is in regulating biological systems (Loots et al. 2007) and its consequences to population dynamics of top predators (McMahon et al. 2009). Monitoring predators is preferable to monitoring lower trophic levels because predators respond rapidly to changes in the distribution and abundance of prey at lower trophic levels leading to more accurate measures of ecosystem changes.
Principle 4: Projects should demonstrate they achieve established standards in implementation and management Acoustic Installations ‐ The Pacific Ocean Shelf Tracking project (POST) was created to monitor the movement of marine animals through an array of acoustic receivers set along the west coast of North America similar to the arrays proposed in Australia through AATAMS. AATAMS is collaborating with POST to ensure the creation of an international database compatible with the eMII portal. Both POST and AATAMS are part of the international project OTN. AATAMS is a leading partner for OTN, a CA$168‐million conservation project that is conducting the world's most comprehensive examination of marine life and ocean conditions. With AATAMS/IMOS we have integrated tracking of marine animals with oceanographic partners in a way that OTN acknowledges sets the standard for elsewhere, we have an operating data portal that has worked through many issues the rest of OTN are now contemplating using as a model and we will be presenting this model at the OTN Global Coordination Meeting in Dalhousie, Canada, this Nov 2011.
APX B.5 EIF 8 AATAMS 129 Seals as Oceanographic Samplers ‐ We are using exactly the same instruments that are deployed routinely and successfully in OTN, (G)TOPP and MEOP and quality control is undertaken by the Scottish Oceans Institute, University of St Andrews, Scotland.
Meeting Researcher Needs Number, type and location of applicants for each facility Acoustic Installations AATAMS currently produces one data stream‐ time and location (and depth and temperature if those sensors are deployed) and location by individual animal across nearly 60 species. For Northern Australia research projects advantaged by EIF include seven postgraduate student projects and 3 research projects. Details of these projects with both NCRIS and EIF data are only being reported in Appendix A.8.
Seals as Oceanographic Samplers SOSS provides high resolution vertical profiles with conductivity, temperature, depth and location in real time. Data became available only in June 2010. • Pelagic ecosystem linkages in a changing Southern Ocean; Australian Antarctic Division; Dr Stephen Nicol, Prof Mark Hindell; Dr Nicholas Gales; Prof Robert Harcourt. 2011‐2014. Funding Agency: ARC Super Science. Partners: Macquarie University, University of Tasmania. • Using in‐situ measurements to couple fine‐scale oceanography and behaviour of higher marine predators in the Southern Ocean; Macquarie University/ University of Tasmania; Dr Iain Field; Prof Mark Hindell; Dr Steve Rintoul; Prof Robert Harcourt. 2010‐2013. Funding Agency: Macquarie University, AAS. Partners: Macquarie University, University of Tasmania, AAD, CSIRO. • Biological sentinels to map changes in South Australia’s marine environment; SARDI; Dr Simon Goldsworthy, Prof Mark Hindell; Prof Robert Harcourt, A/Prof John Middleton; Dr Charlie Huveneers; Dr Brad Page. 2010‐2013. Funding Agency: Strategic Investment Panel, South Australia. Partners: Macquarie University, University of Tasmania.
Number, type and location of users for each facility Acoustic Installations Australian Animal Tagging and Monitoring System (AATAMS) The Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS) Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research organisation (CSIRO) James Cook University (JCU) The Australian Antarctic Division (AAD) The University of Tasmania (UTAS) South Australian Research Development Institute (SARDI) Macquarie University (MQ) Fisheries Western Australia Department of Environment and Conservation Western Australia (DEC) The Sydney Institute of Marine Science (SIMS) Great Barrier Reef Ocean Observing System (GBROOS) Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority (GBRMPA)
Seals as Oceanographic Samplers The Sydney Institute of Marine Science (SIMS) The Australian Antarctic Division (AAD)
APX B.5 EIF 8 AATAMS 130 The University of Tasmania (UTAS) South Australian Research Development Institute (SARDI) Macquarie University (MQ) Deakin University Sea Mammal Research Unit, St. Andrews, Scotland National Center For Scientific Research France (CNRS)
Percentage utilisation of facilities 100% of AATAMS data is freely available to everyone via the eMII electric portal.
Quality of Research Infrastructure Benchmark against other Australian and overseas infrastructure. Acoustic Installations The Pacific Ocean Shelf Tracking project (POST) was created to monitor the movement of marine animals through an array of acoustic receivers set along the west coast of North America similar to the arrays proposed in Australia through AATAMS. AATAMS is collaborating with POST to ensure the creation of an international database compatible with the eMII portal. Both POST and AATAMS are part of the international project OTN. AATAMS is a leading partner for OTN (Ocean Tracking Network (OTN), a CA$168‐million conservation project that is conducting the world's most comprehensive and examination of marine life and ocean conditions). With AATAMS/IMOS we have integrated tracking of marine animals with oceanographic partners in a way that OTN acknowledges sets the standard for elsewhere, we have an operating data portal that has worked through many issues the rest of OTN are now contemplating using as a model and we will be presenting this model at the OTN Global Coordination Meeting in Dalhousie, Canada, this Nov 2011.
Seals as Oceanographic Samplers We are using exactly the same instruments that are deployed routinely and successfully in OTN, (G)TOPP and MEOP. This allows qualitative comparisons against data from other predator programs throughout the world.
Fostering Collaborative and World‐class Research Number and nature of Australian research collaborations that involve use of EIF infrastructure Acoustic Installations AATAMS is in collaboration with all state fisheries agencies, federal agencies including CSIRO, AIMS, as well as all major universities. The AATAMS network aims to focus on scales of local, regional and national perspective to create a network that encompass relevant scales to meet and enhance researcher current and future needs.
Every two years AATAMS holds an acoustic telemetry workshop to enhance these relationships. The most recent had over 80 delegates from the government and private sectors in attendance. This event also attracted delegates from around the world including Canada, Portugal and New Zealand.
Seals as Oceanographic Samplers • Pelagic ecosystem linkages in a changing Southern Ocean; Australian Antarctic Division; Dr Stephen Nicol, Prof Mark Hindell; Dr Nicholas Gales; Prof Robert Harcourt. 2011‐2014. Funding Agency: ARC Super Science. Partners: Macquarie University, University of Tasmania.
APX B.5 EIF 8 AATAMS 131 • Using in‐situ measurements to couple fine‐scale oceanography and behaviour of higher marine predators in the Southern Ocean; Macquarie University/ University of Tasmania; Dr Iain Field; Prof Mark Hindell; Dr Steve Rintoul; Prof Robert Harcourt. 2010‐2013. Funding Agency: Macquarie University, AAS. Partners: Macquarie University, University of Tasmania, AAD, CSIRO. • Biological sentinels to map changes in South Australia’s marine environment; SARDI; Dr Simon Goldsworthy, Prof Mark Hindell; Prof Robert Harcourt, A/Prof John Middleton; Dr Charlie Huveneers; Dr Brad Page. 2010‐2013. Funding Agency: Strategic Investment Panel, South Australia. Partners: Macquarie University, University of Tasmania.
Number and nature of international collaborative research activities supported by EIF infrastructure Acoustic Installations As stated above, AATAMS is in communication with POST and is collaborating to ensure the creation of an international database compatible with our already existing database. AATAMS is a leading part of OTN which is co‐investing $1.25 million by providing acoustic receivers and releases to AATAMS. AATAMS is collaborating with NIWA (New Zealand) to establish a data exchange mechanism for the Oceania region as well as coordinating national partners working in locations such as Palau.
Seals as Oceanographic Samplers AATAMS is the lead component of the Ocean Tracking Network and now with SOSS will become a major contributor to the Marine Mammal Exploration of the Oceans Pole to Pole (MEOP) Program and Global Tagging of Pelagic Predators (GTOPP).
APX B.5 EIF 8 AATAMS 132 Name of Node Bluewater and Climate Node Leaders Ken Ridgway, Susan Wijffels Sponsor CSIRO Marine & Atmospheric Research Meetings held in 12 August 2009: Full Node Meeting, Bureau of Meteorology, 2009/10 Melbourne [with video links from Hobart/Perth] 23 October, 2009: Ecosystem leadership group [teleconference] – form strategy for integrated physics through fish observing in IMOS 29 October 2009: Leadership Group [Hobart + teleconference], refining and prioritizing Node investment proposals in new NSIP
Executive summary – summary of key achievements within the Node in 2009/10
The main activity in the Node during 2009‐10 has been the re‐writing of the Node Science and Implementation Plan (NSIP) and the associated development of the suite of proposals submitted to the EIF 5‐year strategy. These two components proved to be very successfully implemented as shown by the very positive reviews received for the science plan and the approval of the majority of the Node infrastructure proposals.
The NSIP was written around 4 major science themes which provided a firm basis to develop the suite of infrastructure proposals submitted to the EIF process. The themes included: Tracking multi‐decadal ocean change, Understanding the modes of climate variability, Boundary Currents and Links from the physical and chemical ocean structure to the marine ecosystem. The strength of these themes is demonstrated by their adoption within a framework for developing an IMOS national science plan.
The positive reviews of the NSIP and the endorsement of the infrastructure proposals by the IMOS Board provides strong recognition of the Nodes ongoing strategy. While the continued support for the existing components (Argo, SOOP, SOTS) is welcome we are particularly gratified and excited about the new proposals for monitoring boundary currents in the ITF and EAC. While a central aim of IMOS has always been to monitor the major boundary current systems around Australia up to now this has not been possible. We are now embarking on some very ambitious programs to instrument the Timor Strait (ITF) and the EAC off Brisbane. These projects are multi‐disciplinary and multi‐institutional (national and international partners). They also represent very positive examples of IMOS activities that both underpin the aims and are supported by several nodes.
Another major development in the Node is stronger engagement with ecosystem scientists. In particular the Node is embarking on one of the few real examples internationally of a full physics‐top predator monitoring system (physics, nutrients, plankton, nekton, fish, top‐ predators). This exciting approach is being focused on the Southern Ocean, but will hopefully be rolled out in other ocean domains.
Over the year the existing IMOS activities have reached a level of maturity, with most components in place, collecting data which is contributed routinely to eMII and other national and international programs. Members of the Node have been involved in several national and international committees – Node members were keynote speakers at the recent OceanObs09 meeting in Venice.
APX C.1 Nodes – Bluewater and Climate 133 Activities undertaken, including how the Node promoted the uptake of data. Developed comprehensive science framework (NSIP) which identified the main science needs and outlined the required infrastructure to collect data to meet the central science questions Node leaders have made science presentations at major science meetings outlining the data collected within the Node. A meeting of the BCN community was conducted to explain the possibilities available in the EIF funding and to ascertain the infrastructure requirements of the group. BCN members are heavy users of Node data within a range of major science programs (see below).
Publications, research projects and postgraduate students who are using IMOS data.
Publications: See Argo (Apx A.1), SOOP (Apx A.2) and DEEP WATER MOORINGS (Apx A.3) reports for other publications • Beggs H. (2010) Use of TIR from Space in Operational Systems, In: Oceanography from Space Revisited, Ed. V. Barale, J.F.R. Gower and L. Alberotanza, Pub. Springer Science+Business Media B.V. p.249‐271. • Beggs H., L. Majewski, G. Paltoglou, E. Schulz, I. Barton and R. Verein (2010) Report to GHRSST11 from Australia ‐ BLUElink and IMOS, Proceedings of the 11th GHRSST Science Team Meeting, Lima, 21‐25 June 2010, submitted. • Beggs H., R. Verein and G. Paltoglou (2010) Calibration and Validation of AVHRR Sea Surface Temperatures using Observations from Ships of Opportunity, In: Proceedings “Oceans from Space” Venice 2010, JRC Scientific and Technical Reports, EUR 24324 EN – 2010, p. 37‐38. • Beggs Helen, Chelle Gentemann and Peter Steinle (2009) Real‐time skin sea surface temperature analyses for quality control of data assimilated into NWP models, extended abstract, The Fifth WMO International Symposium on Data Assimilation of Observations in Meteorology, Oceanography and Hydrology, Melbourne, Australia, 5‐9 October 2009. • Holbrook, N. J., I. D. Goodwin, S. McGregor, E. Molina, and S. B. Power, 2010: ENSO to multi‐ decadal time scale changes in East Australian Current transports and Fort Denison sea level: Oceanic Rossby waves as the connecting mechanism. Deep‐Sea Research II, doi:10.1016/j.dsr2.2010.06.007. • Holbrook, N. J., 2010: South Pacific Ocean dynamics: potential for enhancing sea level and climate forecasts. Chapter 10 in: ‘Climate Alert: Climate Change Monitoring and Strategy’, eds. Y. You and A. Henderson‐Sellers, Sydney University Press, pp.313‐342, ISBN 978‐1‐ 920899‐41‐7. • Holbrook, N. J., J. Davidson, M. Feng, A. J. Hobday, J. M. Lough, S. McGregor, and J. S. Risbey, 2009: Chapter 4: El Niño – Southern Oscillation. In Report Card of Marine Climate Change for Australia: detailed scientific assessment, Eds. E. S. Poloczanska, A. J. Hobday and A. J. Richardson, NCCARF Publication 05/09, pp.29‐51, ISBN 978‐1‐921609‐03‐9. [for download at
APX C.1 Nodes – Bluewater and Climate 134 estimates of the first few baroclinic modes in the South Pacific Ocean. Ocean Dynamics, 57(3), 173‐187. DOI 10.1007/s10236‐006‐0099‐5. • Zika, J. D., T. J. McDougall and B. M. Sloyan, 2010: Weak mixing in the eastern North Atlantic: An application of the tracer‐contour inverse method. J. Physical Oceanography. in press. Feng, F., M. J. McPhaden and T. Lee, 2010: Decadal variability of the Pacific subtropical cells and their influence on the southeast Indian Ocean. Geophys. Res. Lttrs., 37, L09606, doi:10.1029/2010GL042796. Hill, K.H., S.R. Rintoul,K. Ridgway and P. Oke, 2010?. Decadal changes in the South Pacific western boundary current system revealed in observations and reanalysis state estimates. J. Geophys. Res., submitted. • Sloyan, B. M., L. D. Talley, T. K. Chereskin, R. Fine and J. Holte, 2010, Antarctic Intermediate Water and Subantarctic Mode Water Formation in the southeast Pacific: the role of turbulent mixing. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 40, 1558‐1574 Williams, G.D., A.J.S. Meijers, A. Poole, P. Mathoit, T. Tamura, A. Klocker, 2010, Late winter oceanography beneath East Antarctic sea ice during SIPEX. Accepted, Journal of Deep Sea Research II Meijers, A. J. S., N. L. Bindoff and S. R. Rintoul, 2010. Combining a Southern Ocean gravest empirical mode with satellite altimetry. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology. Submitted. • van Wijk, E. M., S. R. Rintoul, B. M. Ronai and G. D. Williams, 2010. Regional circulation around Heard and McDonald Islands and through the Fawn Trough, central Kerguelen Plateau. Deep‐Sea Research I, 57, 653‐669. • Sallée, J.‐B., K.Speer, S. R. Rintoul, 2010. Response of the Southern Ocean mixed‐layer depth to climate variability. Nature Geoscience, 3, 273‐279, doi:10.1038/ngeo812. Turner, J. and 57 others, including S. Rintoul, 2010. Chapter 2: Observations, Data Accuracy and Tools, In: Antarctic Climate Change and the Environment. Edited by Turner, J., Bindschadler, R.A., Convey, P., Di Prisco, G., Fahrbach, E., Gutt, J., Hodgson, D.A., Mayewski, P.A., and Summerhayes, C.P.: 526 pp., Cambridge, SCAR. ISBN 978 0 948277 22 1. Turner, J. and 64 others, including S. Rintoul, 2010. Chapter 4: The Instrumental Period, In: Antarctic Climate Change and the Environment. Edited by Turner, J., Bindschadler, R.A., Convey, P., Di Prisco, G., Fahrbach, E., Gutt, J., Hodgson, D.A., Mayewski, P.A., and Summerhayes, C.P.: 526 pp., Cambridge, SCAR. ISBN 978 0 948277 22 1. • Herraiz‐Borreguero , L., and S. R. Rintoul, 2010. Regional circulation and its impact on upper ocean variability south of Tasmania (Australia). Deep‐Sea Research II, in press. • Sallée, J.‐B., K.Speer, S. R. Rintoul, and S. Wijffels, 2010. Southern Ocean thermocline ventilation. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 40, 509‐529, DOI: 10.1175/2009JPO4291.1. • Herraiz‐Borreguero , L., S. R. Rintoul and R. Coleman, 2010. Subantarctic Mode Water variability influenced by mesoscale eddies south of Tasmania. Journal of Geophysical Research – Oceans, 115, C04004. • Sokolov, S. and S. R. Rintoul, 2009. The circumpolar structure and distribution of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current fronts. Part 1: Mean circumpolar paths. Journal of Geophysical Research – Oceans, 114, C11, doi:10.1029/2008JC005108 . • Sokolov, S. and S. R. Rintoul, 2009. The circumpolar structure and distribution of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current fronts. Part 2: Variability and relationship to sea surface height. Journal of Geophysical Research – Oceans, 114, C11, doi:10.1029/2008JC005248.
APX C.1 Nodes – Bluewater and Climate 135 Rintoul, S. R., 2010. The Southern Ocean in the Earth System. In: Science Diplomacy: Antarctica, Science and the Governance of International Spaces. Berkman, P.A., Lang, M.A., Walton, D.W.H., and Young O.R. (Eds.). Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press, Washington, in press. Rintoul, S. R. 2010. The Southern Ocean Observing System: Initial Science and Implementation Strategy. Scientific Committee for Antarctic Research (under review).
Research projects: SOTS: the particle‐ export samples and data generated by the Southern Ocean Time Series and its predecessor sediment‐trap collections in the Subantarctic Zone southwest of Tasmania constitutes the longest series of its type in the Southern Ocean, and has provided invaluable data on the response of plankton ecosystems to decadal‐scale changes in the ocean and on the validation of biotic and isotopic tracers for palaeoclimate reconstructions (King and Howard, 2003, 2005). In particular this site has provided the first published evidence of a biological response to ocean acidification in nature (Moy et al., 2009; Howard et al., 2009), as well as baseline data on calcareous plankton export against which future acidification response may be measured (Roberts et al., 2008; Howard et al., in press).
• SOTS: also provided an independent estimate of anthropogenic carbon dioxide penetration in the the Southern Ocean mixed layer through stable carbon isotopic measurements in sediment‐trap foraminiferal shells referenced to pre‐industrial levels recorded in Holocene sediments in the region (King and Howard, 2004). • Argo, XBT, altimetric cal/val facility: understanding and quantifying the drivers of sea‐level rise, both globally and regionally. John Church, Catia Domingues, CMAR. Indonesian Throughflow, further understanding of interocean exchange in Indian and Pacific Ocean heat budget and fluxes. Susan Wijffels, CMAR. Argo and XBT data: studies of the climatological mean ocean structure through refined climatologies and reanalysis products. Ken Ridgway, Jeff Dunn, Susan Wijffels, Paul Barker, CMAR. • Bluelink – development of global ocean analysis system. IMOS data used fro initialization and assimilation. David Griffin, Peter Oke, CMAR, Gary Brassington, Eric Schulz, BOM. • Polyna ‐ understanding variability of AABW production and properties, Steve Rintoul, CMAR, Nathan Bindoff, ACE CRC. • Kerguelen Western Boundary‐transport and variability of Southern deep overturning circulation. Property (T, S) longer term change and connection to deep changes observed in the deep Indian and Pacific Basin measured by mooring array in Perth Basin, Samoan Passage, and repeat hydrography sections in these basins and Southern Ocean. Bernadette Sloyan, CMAR. Argo and SSOS: trends in ocean salinity fields with implications for changes to the global hydrological cycle and relationships to ocean warming. Paul Durack, Susan Wijffels, CMAR. • Tracer‐Contour Inverse Method ‐ The Argo data set, once it is appropriately averaged on isopycnals, is proving very useful as the hydrographic data of a new inverse method, that for the first time is giving believable diapycnal diffusivities as well as the subduction component of the circulation. Trevor McDougall, Andrew Meijers, CMAR. IMOS ship SST, Argo SST and XBT SST: used in operational and research regional and global SST analysis systems ("GAMMSA" and "RAMSSA"), Helen Beggs, BOM.
APX C.1 Nodes – Bluewater and Climate 136 IMOS CO2 data will make a valuable contribution to an international program on constraining global and regional CO2 uptake and determining the acidification of the oceans that is coordinated through the International Ocean Carbon Coordinated Project. Bronte Tilbrook, CMAR. AusCPR: mapping marine biodiversity, understanding climate variability, documenting climate change impacts, validating ecosystem models and remote sensing products. Anthony Richardson, CMAR, Graham Hosie AAD.
Postgraduate research projects: Project title: ARC Project: Plankton dynamics in Moreton Bay; PI: Anthony J. Richardson; Institutions: University of Queensland, Griffith University Data from AusCPR is also being used for plankton projects off the coast of NSW by UNSW researchers and postgraduates. • Southern Ocean data have been used by CCAMLR, CAML, CCAMLR‐IWC Workshop, and by various international researchers in the 14 nation SO‐CPR Consortium • An on‐going post‐doctoral project which is using ARGO data is Dr Andrew Meijers, "Global estimates of mixing parameters and subduction rates using the Tracer‐Contour Inverse Method", supervised by Trevor McDougall and Bernadette Sloyan. [see also projects listed in Argo (Apx A.1), SOOP (Apx A.2) and DEEP WATER MOORINGS (Apx A.3) reports]
Promotional activities: • OceanObs2009 – Venice, Italy, August 2009. Node scientists contributed to many community white papers and gave plenary talks at this important decadal assessment and future planning meeting for the global ocean observing system by climate and ocean science and operational communities. In particular the key international projects which IMOS invests in – Argo, the XBT SOOP network, GHRSST project, oceanSITES – were well represented and Node scientists made key contributions [www.oceanobs09.net]. • GTSPP meeting ‐ Oostende, Belgium, May 2010. This meeting brought together XBT operators from at least 10 countries to discuss issues of data quality, formats and analysis. Ann Thresher co‐chaired one session and leads the team working to redevelop the netcdf format for all upper ocean temperature data held by GTSPP. Susan Wijffels and Rebecca Cowley are attending an XBT fall rate workshop to be held in Hamburg, Germany in September 2010. This workshop is a vital meeting to discuss changes in the fall rate of the XBT through time, decide on a possible correction and coordinate with other international researchers in this area. Richardson AJ (2009) The IMOS Australian Continuous Plankton Recorder Survey. AMSA • Ridgway, Ken, Helen Beggs, Miles Furnas, Anthony Richardson, Eric Schulz, Ann Thresher and Bronte Tilbrook (2009) Enhanced Measurements from Ships of Opportunity. Presented by Ken Ridgway as a poster at OceanObs09, Venice, Italy, 21‐25 September 2009. • Hosie, G.W. (2009) Circum‐Antarctic zooplankton patterns as determined by Continuous Plankton Recorder. Xth SCAR Biology Symposium, Sapporo July 2009 • Hosie, G.W. (2009) Changes in Southern Ocean Zooplankton. Local changes in a global context. Symposium on the Antarctic‐South American Interactions in the Marine Environment, Rio de Janeiro, November 2009 Hosie, G.W. (2010) The SCAR Southern Ocean Continuous Plankton Recorder Survey: achievements, current status and future directions. AMSA 2010, Wollongong July 2010.
APX C.1 Nodes – Bluewater and Climate 137 Discuss Stakeholder Engagement in the Node • BlueLink (http://www.cmar.csiro.au/bluelink/) ‐ A CAWCR/Royal Australian Navy (RAN) partnership in ocean state estimation and prediction. BlueLink has been focussed on the offshore region, providing 10km resolution in the Australian region. IMOS data (Argo, XBT) is one of the main inputs to the model data assimilation. • POAMA ( http://poama.bom.gov.au/ ) ‐ Australia's dynamical seasonal climate prediction system, comprising a coupled atmospheric/ocean model system, with an initialised ocean component. Dependent on IMOS and global data streams for initialising the ocean model. Utilise IMOS data streams for model validation and process understanding around the MJO. • ACCESS ( http://www.accessimulator.org.au/ ) ‐ Australian Community Climate and Earth System Simulator‐ aims to cover modelling and prediction across all time scales from those of weather through to climate change. In the Earth System Modelling (ESM) realm, ACCESS includes ocean, land and sea‐ice modelling, plus both land and ocean carbon models. ACCESS will supply Australia's contribution to the next IPCC assessment report. ACCESS developers utilise IMOS physical and carbon/BGC data streams in model tuning and testing parameterisation schemes, and in model validation. • The Australian Climate Change Science Program (ACCSP) ‐ a long term (>16 years) research effort which brings together Australian researchers studying climate change and developing models for climate change projections and impacts assessments in fundamental climate science, primarily run through CAWCR, but with some university contributors. The ACCSP supports ACCESS and some IMOS Facilities (Argo, XBT). Australia is currently formulating a new strategy on climate change research (http://www.climatechange.gov.au/publications/science/cc‐science‐framework.aspx ), which recognises the importance of ocean observations and process understanding. ACCSP ocean scientists are heavy users of IMOS data streams including Argo, moored arrays, XBT time series and carbon network. • Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS ‐ http://www.aims.gov.au/ ) ‐ focussed primarily on the northern Australian continental shelf, AIMS researchers utilise climate projections, satellite SST and BlueLink products (as an offshore boundary condition for shelf models). • Western Australian Marine Science Institute ( http://www.wamsi.org.au/ ): multidisciplinary and multi‐agency marine research focused on the Western Australian coasts and eastern Indian Ocean. Both the Climate Change and Oceanography themes utilize IMOS data and secondary products (e.g. BlueLink), as the strong impact of remote ocean forcing on this coastline is well recognized. • Pacific Climate Change Science Program (http://www.csiro.com/partnerships/Pacific‐ Climate‐Change‐Science‐Program.html ): CAWCR and partners; aims to assist Pacific Island Nations to understand and adapt to climate change. The program aims to track recent and current climate trends, investigate regional climate drivers, provide regional climate projections, improve understanding of ocean processes including acidification and sea level rise. • Antarctic Climate and Ecosystem Cooperative Research Centre’s (http://www.acecrc.org.au) program “The Evolving State of the Southern Ocean”. This program focuses on ocean processes and change in the Southern Ocean, and ice/ocean interactions.
APX C.1 Nodes – Bluewater and Climate 138 Name of Node Queensland Integrated Marine Observing System (Q‐IMOS) Leaders Dr. Peter Doherty, Dr. Russ Babcock Sponsor Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS) Meetings held in Please list meeting dates and venues: 2009/10 17th June, 2009 ‐ CSIRO Cleveland, Brisbane 22nd October 2009 – CSIRO Cleveland, Brisbane 5th Feb 2010 – CSIRO Cleveland, Brisbane 9th Feb 2010 – JCU, Townsville
Executive summary – summary of key achievements within the Node in 2009/10
Moorings for the Northern Australian Observing System (NAOS) deployed as part of the EIF initial funding; Ocean Glider deployed in the Great Barrier Reef successfully, continues to complete transects and collect data; Darwin National Reference Station upgraded to real time data delivery, this makes it the second one to go to real time after Maria Island in Tasmania; Sensor network deployments at Orpheus Island and Davies Reef completed; Underway data from tropical research vessels fully processed, quality controlled and delivered to eMII, systems now fully operational; Sensor network upgrades and services completed at One Tree Island and Orpheus Island; Queensland mooring array serviced, the array has been in place now since September 2007; Development of 802.11 wireless technology for the sensor networks developed successfully allowing any computer wireless device to utilize the sensor network infrastructure; Equipment for the SEMAT project in Moreton Bay completed, deployments to be done by the University of Queensland; Monthly biogeochemical sampling at the Yongala and Darwin National Reference Stations now operational;
Activities undertaken, including how the Node promoted the uptake of data
• Deployment of moorings in the Indonesian Through‐Flow as part of the Northern Australian Observing System (NAOS) component of IMOS funded under the EIF funding; Deployment of the real time component of the Darwin National Reference Station, data from a range of sensors now available in real time; Deployment of an Ocean Glider from the ANFOG Facility in the GBR and successful completion of a number of transects; Servicing of the GBR Mooring Array which has now been in place for almost three years (deployed late 2007); Deployment of sensor networks at Orpheus Island, Davies Reef and initial work at Lizard Island; Delivery of quality controlled data, including metadata, from the underway systems on the two tropical research vessels; Delivery of equipment to the University of Queensland SEMAT project for deployment in Moreton Bay; Servicing and upgrading of the sensor network at One Tree Island;
APX C.2 Nodes – Q‐IMOS 139 • Provision of data to the eMII / IMOS Oceans Portal including real time sensor network data, underway data and mooring data – all with metadata; Provision of data as web services to a range of organizations including NOAA, BoM and the European SENSEI project, Development of event detection systems for the sensor network data and the use of Twitter to disseminate events of interest; • Participation and presentations at the 6th China‐Australia Symposium: Towards Sustainable Coastal & Deltaic Systems under Climate Change, 12‐15 October 2009, Guangzhou and Xiamen, China • Attendance at the SCOR Workshop on Ocean Biology Observatories. Mestre, Italy16‐18 September 2009
Publications, research projects and postgraduate students who are using IMOS data
Publications:
The FAIMMS publications have been detailed (see Apx A.9), additional Q‐IMOS ones include: • Bainbridge S., C.R. Steinberg, M. Heron and M. Furnas (2010) Integrating Observation Systems: An Example from the Great Barrier Reef (100114‐063). Oceans’10 IEEE Sydney 24‐ 27 May 2010. • Bainbridge S. (2010) The design of a novel time series client for ocean data (100114‐013). Oceans’10 IEEE Sydney 24‐27 May 2010. • Bainbridge S., Eggeling, D.C., Page, G.W. (2010) Smart sensors – a new paradigm for marine management: an example from the Great Barrier Reef (100114‐066). Oceans’10 IEEE Sydney 24‐27 May 2010. • Bainbridge S (2010) GBROOS ‐ An Ocean Observing System for the Great Barrier Reef. pp. 529‐533. In: Riegl B, Dodge R (eds) Proceedings of the 11th International Coral Reef Symposium, Fort Lauderdale, July 7‐11, 2008. National Coral Reef Institute, Nova Southeastern University. • Lough, J. M., S. Bainbridge, R. Berkelmans, and C. R. Steinberg. 2010. Physical monitoring of the Great Barrier Reef to understand ecological responses to climate change. In: You, Y and Henderson‐Sellers, A (eds) Climate Alert: Climate Change Monitoring and Strategy. Sydney University Press, Sydney: 66‐110. • Community White Paper: An International Network of Coral Reef Ecosystem Observing Systems (I‐CREOS) Brainard, R.E.; Bainbridge, S.; Brinkman, R.; Eakin, C.M.; Field, M.; Gattuso, J.P.; Gledhill, D.; Gramer, L.; Hendee, J.; Hoeke, R.; Holbrook, S.; Hoegh‐Guldberg, O.; Lammers, M.; Manzello, D.; McManus, M.; Moffitt, R.; Monaco, M.; Morgan, J.; Obura, D.; Planes, S.; Schmitt, R.; Steinberg, C.; Sweatman, H.; Vetter, O.; Wong, K. OceanObs 09, Venice, September 21‐25. • Poster: Application of wireless sensor networks to coastal observing systems, an example from the Great Barrier Reef, S. Bainbridge and D. Eggeling. OceanObs 09, Venice, September 21‐25. • Poster: GBROOS – An Ocean Observing System for the Great Barrier Reef. S.J. Bainbridge, C.R. Steinberg, M.J. Furnas and M.L. Heron. OceanObs 09, Venice, September 21‐25. Poster: New technologies used to monitor Cyclone Hamish at One Tree Island, Great Barrier Reef. Erika Woolsey, Maria Byrne & Scott Bainbridge. Australian Coral Reef Society
APX C.2 Nodes – Q‐IMOS 149 conference: Reefs of the Indopacific: Hopes for the future and lessons from the past. Darwin 25th – 27th September 2009
Research and Postgraduate research projects:
No additional projects, these have all been covered by the facility reports.
Promotional activities:
Activities that are in addition to the Facility ones include: • Bainbridge S.J. “GBROOS – the Great Barrier Reef Ocean Observing System” Pacific Rim Applications and Middleware Assembly (PRAGMA) 18 Conference, 3‐5th March 2010 San Diego. Conference, Computing and technical audience. • One Day workshop titled: “CREON one day workshop on the application of sensor networks to Coral Reef Systems: towards an International system of systems” organized and run in conjunction with the 2009 ISSNIP workshop. Presentation called: “GBROOS – Sensor Networks on the Great Barrier Reef” given at the workshop by Bainbridge, workshop organized and run by Bainbridge. Workshop – computing and environmental science audience. • Scott Bainbridge: The application of Sensor Networks to coastal systems: an example from the Great Barrier Reef. Sixth China‐Australia Symposium: Towards Sustainable Coastal & Deltaic Systems under Climate Change, 12‐15 October 2009, Guangzhou and Xiamen, China. Workshop – Chinese scientists • Scott Bainbridge: The role of sensor networks in coastal observatories. SCOR Workshop on Ocean Biology Observatories. Mestre, Italy16‐18 September 2009. Workshop – biological observatory scientists • Scott Bainbridge and Damien Eggeling “The use of Sensor Networks to manage and monitor the Great Barrier Reef” presented by Damien Eggeling at the CESE Conference in Townsville, July 4th. Conference – Environmental scientists
Stakeholder Engagement in the Node
A number of Node meetings have been held to expose and involve the work of the Node to the relevant communities; Work is underway with the Island Research Stations along the GBR to develop dynamic data web pages for insertion into their organizational web systems to better engage with scientists working, or planning to work, at the stations; • Data has been provided to a number of researchers and work is on‐going to build linkages into the Universities and other organizations to facilitate data uptake; A large number of conferences and workshops have been attended to deliver presentations about the Node and the IMOS work being undertaken and the data being generated; A number of innovative tools have been developed, including iPhone Apps and Twitter feeds to give better access to key data; • Documentation is on‐going to better describe the systems deployed and to link this information into the metadata.
APX C.2 Nodes – Q‐IMOS 141
Name of Node New South Wales ‐ IMOS Leaders Iain Suthers, Moninya Roughan, Martina Doblin Sponsor Sydney Institute of Marine Science Meetings held in 30 April 2009 (at SIMS) 2009/10 29 September, 2009 (at SIMS) 19 May 2010, (at SIMS)
Executive summary– summary of key achievements within the Node in 2009/10 The node’s membership is stable at around 100 members, with 40‐50% attending the bi‐annual community meetings at SIMS. The major achievement in the past FY was the development and submission of the NSW‐IMOS Science & Implementation Plan (NSIP), derived from many discussions including the 29 September meeting. The case was successfully made to the board to maintain our existing deployments, but our initiatives for a national Marine Microbial Observatory, a national sediment trap program (NCOTS), and a national coastal observing system were not successful. While these plans have been removed from the updated NSIP we have retained some initiatives such as the need for an EAC‐Separation Zone HF coastal radar, a Stockton Bight mooring, and the need for real time telemetry from the moorings. The single major outcome was the full depth monitoring mooring array of the EAC off Stradbroke Island.
The nodes other achievements were: A grant from the NSW Office of Science & Medical Research Science Leveraging Fund of $600,000 to fund (or part‐fund) 3 technical researchers to facilitate the new EIF‐IMOS; Implementation of the SIMS EIF grant to renovate and create infrastructure to support IMOS, including 2 vessels; • 6 new permanent marine academics appointed at the partner universities plus one 5‐year appointment; • 7 new ARC grants DP+LP in 2009/2010, by NSW‐IMOS personnel, totaling 13 currently, and 2 new ARC LIEF grants in 2010. • 2 Super Science Initiative Fellowships (with UTas‐UNSW and at USyd) • Completion and submission of 17 papers for a special issue in Deep Sea Research‐II on the East Australian Current; Organising a symposium at the AMSA2010 meeting at the University of Wollongong on the coastal effects of boundary currents; • Co‐leadership by NSW‐IMOS in the National Working Group on Bio‐optical Instrumentation and Observing.
Description of activities undertaken, including how the Node promoted the uptake of data • A data workshop by eMII for 20 researchers at UNSW in July 2009, and again at AMSA‐ Wollongong 13 new ARC Discovery or Linkage grants, plus 2 ARC LIEF grants in 2009/2011 (see list below) • Five voyages on Australia’s Marine National Facility (RV Southern Surveyor) into the EAC and Tasman Front: • Suthers et al. Oct. 2009 (11 days), “Returning to the eddy dynamics at the East Australian Current separation zone, to assess the effects of salps, eddy size and its source waters.” • Middleton & Roughan, Nov. 2009
APX C.3 Nodes – NSW‐IMOS 142
• Dr Christel Hassler, Dr Michael Ellwood, Dr Edward Butler, Dr Andrew Bowie, Dr Stephen Eggins, Dr Cliff Law, Dr Martina Doblin; Jan. 2009 (25 days) Role of iron and other micronutrients in controlling primary productivity in the Tasman Sea: bioavailability, biogeochemical cycling and sources • Taylor et al. 2010 (11 days), “Krill in 3D – Vertical stratification and spatial distribution of krill communities in the East Australian Current”. • Dr. Martina Doblin, Dr Christel Hassler, Dr Michael Ellwood Oct. 2010 (17 days), “Impact of the East Australian Current on water chemistry, bio‐optical properties and coastal primary productivity in the NSW region”
Publications, research projects and postgraduate students who are using IMOS data Publications: Baird, M. E., I. M. Suthers, D. A. Griffin, B. Hollings, C. Pattiaratchi, J. D. Everett, M. Roughan, K. Oubelkheir and M. Doblin. In Press. Physical‐biogeochemical dynamics of a surface flooded warm‐core eddy off southeast Australia. Deep Sea Research – Part II. Byrne 2009 Flashing stars light up subaqueous dunes off the Great Barrier Reef. ECOS • Brassington, G. B., N. Summons and R. Lumpkin, In press. Lagrangian and eddy dynamics of the East Australian Current. In press Deep Sea Research‐II. • Johnson‐Roberson, M., O. Pizarro, S.B. Williams, I. Mahon, 2009. Generation and Visualization of Large Scale 3D Reconstructions from Underwater Robotic Surveys, Journal of Field Robotics, in press • Mahon, S.B. Williams, O. Pizarro and M. Johnson‐Roberson, 2008. Efficient View‐Based SLAM Using Visual Loop Closures, Robotics, IEEE Transactions on, 24(5):1002‐1014. • Rigby, P., O. Pizarro and S.B. Williams 2007. Improved AUV navigation through multi‐sensor data fusion, Sea Technology, 48(3), pages 15‐22. Roughan, M., Macdonald, H. S., Baird, M. E., Glasby, T. In Press. Modelling seasonal and interannual variability in a western boundary current and its impact on coastal connectivity. Submitted to Deep Sea Research, Part II. • Thompson, P.A. Baird, M.E., Ingleton, T., Doblin, M.A., 2009. Long‐term changes in temperate Australian coastal waters and implications for phytoplankton. Marine Ecology Progress Series (in press). • Thompson, P. A., Bonham, P., Waite, A. M., Hasseler, C. S., Clemenston, L. A., Doblin, M. A., in press. Contrasting phytoplankton communities on the east and west coasts of Australia. Deep Sea Res – II in press. Webster, J., R. Beaman, T. Bridge, P. Davies, M. Byrne, S.B. Williams, P. Manning, O. Pizarro, K. Thornborough, A.A. Thomas, and S. Tudhope, S. 2008. From corals to canyons: The Great Barrier Reef margin. EOS, Transactions American Geophysical Union, 89(24):217–218. Woolsey, E, Byrne, M, Williams, Pizarro, O, Thronborough K, Davies, P, Beaman R, Webster, J., Bridge T. Ophiopsila pantherina beds on subaqueus dunes off the Great Barrier Reef. In. C. Johnson et al. Echinoderms, Hobart, CRC Press, Boca Raton • Williams, S.B., I. Mahon, 2006. Terrain Aided Localisation and Mapping for Marine Environments, in M. Ang and O. Khatib, editors, Springer Tracts in Advanced Robotics, Vol. 21, pages 111 ‐ 120. • Williams, S.B., O. Pizarro, I. Mahon and M. Johnson‐Roberson, 2008. Simultaneous Localisation and Mapping and Dense Stereoscopic Seafloor Reconstruction using an AUV, in G. Pappas, V. Kumar and O. Khatib, Springer Tracts in Advanced Robotics, Vol. 54, pages 407‐ 416.
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• Williams, S.B., O. Pizarro, J.M. Webser, R.J. Beman, I. Mahon, M. Johnson‐Roberson, T. Bridge, submitted. AUV‐assisted surveying of drowned reefs on the shelf edge of the Great Barrier Reef, Australia, Journal of Field Robotics, provisionally accepted awaiting revisions Hassler, C., Djajadikarta, R.J., Doblin, M.A., Everett, J.D., Thompson, P. In press. Characterisation of water masses and nutrient limitation of phytoplankton in the separation zone of the East Australian Current in spring 2008. Deep Sea Research II, special issue on East Australia Current.
Research projects: • Hassler and Doblin et al. (2010‐2012) ‘Novel technologies to resolve the role of organic matter on Fe chemistry and bioavailability in the South Pacific Ocean’ ARC Discovery project • Heron, Banner, Wyatt (2009‐2012) Wave climate in the Southern Great Barrier Reef. ARC Linkage. • Kjelleberg et al. (2008‐2012) ARC Linkage • Cavicchioli et al. (2010‐2014) Microbial genomics of the southern ocean: monitoring environmental health. ARC Discovery • Pizarro, Williams, Jakuba, Eustice, Whitcomb (2010‐2014) ‘Cost‐effective autonomous systems for large scale monitoring of marine protected areas’. ARC Discovery project • Steinberg et al., (2010‐2012) ‘Stress, virulence and bacterial disease in temperate seaweeds: the rise of the microbes’ ARC Discovery • Steinberg et al. (2010‐2012) ‘Chemical warfare at small scales: does eukaryotic chemical defense theory fit biofilms’ ARC Discovery • Suthers and Baird (2008‐2010), ‘Quantifying the role of salps in marine food webs and organic carbon export’. ARC Discovery project • Suthers and Oke (2009‐2011), ‘Coastal cold core eddies of the East Australian Current and their fisheries potential’ ARC Discovery project • Taylor, Suthers, Booth and Gray (2010‐2012). ‘Feeding and breeding: Rainfall effects on connectivity and fidelity of iconic coastal fishes’ ARC Linkage • Waite and Roughan et al. (2010‐2012) ‘Ocean‐reef interactions as drivers of continental shelf productivity in a changing climate’ ARC Discovery project Suthers, Taylor, Brooks, Kingsford, Booth, Harcourt, Gladstone, Davis (2010). Dual Frequency Identification SONAR (DIDSON) Facility for Sampling Benthic and Pelagic Fish Populations. ARC LIEF. • Suthers, Richardson, Swadling, Ralph, Taylor, Doblin, Virtue. (2010). A Laser Optical Plankton Counter for laboratory and in‐situ size distributions of zooplankton, to assess the basis and outcomes of changing ecosystems. ARC LIEF. Johnson CJ, N. Holbrook, P. Steinberg, Barrett 2010. Super Science Initiative. Williams S, M. Byrne, W. Figueria. 2010. Super Science Initiative.
Postgraduate research projects: List of students – see Appendix 1
Promotional activities: July 2009, One day symposium at AMSA (University of Adelaide) ‐ NSW‐IMOS talks: Roughan, M.: Highlights from NSW IMOS. Pritchard, T: The legacy of Sydney's long term monitoring stations and prospects Wood, J: Upwelling off the Coast of Sydney: Observations from the NSW IMOS
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Array Doblin, M: IMOS: The bridge between biooptical data and modelled primary production Baird ME: A Slocum Glider deployment in a Warm Core Eddy off NSW Figueira, W: Modelling the connectivity of New South Wales marine parks Macdonald, H: The effect of upwelling on Continental Shelf Carbon fluxes off southeast Australia: a numerical model Everett, J: The role of salps in marine food webs: Looking forward to a gelatinous future? • Roughan, Moninya ‐ Connectivity along the Continental Shelf of Southeastern Australia Gwilliam, Jessica1*, one population or many: genetic connectivity in the commercially harvested gummy shark? • Huveneers, Charlie ‐ The Australian Acoustic Tagging and Monitoring System (AATAMS): applications for high trophic level predators Posters: • Brad Morris. Cross‐shelf Processes off the Coast of NSW; Preliminary Results from the NSW IMOS Array Andrew Boomer The Australian Acoustic Tagging and Monitoring System (AATAMS): creating a network of acoustic receivers for the community • Aug 2009 Presentation for NSW Department of Education Tall Poppy Series “Impacts of climate change on Australian marine life” ‐ Martina Doblin • Sept 2009 UTS seminar “Some like it hot but will Nemo starve?” – Martina Doblin • July 2010 – One day Symposium at AMSA (UoW) “Coastal effects from boundary currents” (9 presentations, 2 posters) • November 2009, ABC‐FM radio – Iain Suthers in a one hour interview with David Marr • March 2010, Slow Foods – presentation by Iain Suthers to the club • April 2010, Sydney Cove Rotary Club presentation by Iain Suthers ‐
Stakeholder Engagement in the Node In March 2009 the deputy premier of NSW Carmel Tebutt, the chair of the Ian Potter Foundation, and the chair of SIMS jointly announced the release of $1.8M to support the development of SIMS in coastal geomorphology/oceanography and marine biotechnology, and to lease of the 6th and final building at the Chowder Bay precinct. • In 2010, the NSW state government awarded NSW‐IMOS $600,000 for salaries to mid 2013 to facilitate the deployment, maintenance and analysis of NSW‐IMOS data streams. In May 2009, SIMS was successful with a $19.5M EIF grant to refurbish buildings, create laboratories, improve seawater supplies and purchase vehicles and boats. • In July 2009 Professor Steinberg took up position as Director of SIMS. Since the mid‐term review there have been several full time marine academic appointments (tenured) in NSW with significant interests in IMOS including: Dr Leanne Armand (Macquarie U.), Dr Matthew Taylor (UNSW), Dr Adriana Verges (UNSW), Dr Will Figueria (U.Syd), Professor William Gladstone (UTS), Dr Peter Biro (Future Fellow, UNSW). • SIMS has committed over $300,000 of the Institute’s EIF project funds for the procurement of 2 open water vessels and field vehicles to support IMOS deployments. In addition to this, SIMS will complete construction in early 2011 of a new administration facility which will increase support to the current NSW IMOS staff and 3 additional NSW IMOS SLF staff. Also scheduled for competition in early 2011 will be a new electronics lab, conference facilities and IT systems which will provide a more effective environment for all NSW IMOS activities.
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Any other matters to report • 23‐24 March, 2010: First National Working Group meeting on Bio‐optical instrumentation and observing; Hobart • 8‐9 July, 2010: Second National Working Group meeting on Bio‐optical instrumentation and observing; Wollongong
Appendix 1: List of honours, post‐graduate students and post‐doctoral fellows using NSW‐IMOS data
Name Degree/start Institution Topic Penny Ajani PhD/2010 Macquarie Phytoplankton of the East Australian University Current Kate Lee Msc 2010 Macquarie Assessing habitat protection zones for the University blue groper in Sydney TBC Msc 2010 Macquarie Assessing Habitat protection reserves for University the Wobbygong shark Nicholas PhD Melb. Eddy structure Summons U/BoM Alex Pursche PhD/2007 UNSW Mulloway migration Natasha Hons/2009, UNSW Salp ecology Henschke PhD 2010 Josh Humphries PhD/2010 UNSW Eddy structure and gliders Andrew Fairfax PhD/2008 UNSW Biological oceanography of mysid populations Ben Harris Hons/2009, UNSW Krill population ecology PhD 2010 Tegan Sime Hons/2010 UNSW Krill trophic ecology Jackie Chan PhD/2008 UNSW Eastern king prawn population structure Ruan Gannon PhD/2010 UNSW Coastal oceanography and fish migrations Gwen Cadiou PhD/2010 UTS Connectivity between predator populations in NSW Marine Protected Areas Helen PhD/2008 UNSW ROMS modeling of the NSW continental MacDonald shelf Julie Wood MSc/2009 UNSW Analysis of the Ocean Reference Station data TBC Post‐doc 2010‐ UNSW UWA Nutrient cycling in the EAC and LC. 2012 Jason Everett Post‐doc 2009‐ UNSW EAC eddies 2011 Donghui Jiang PhD UNSW ADFA On the Upwelling‐downwelling Events along the Coast of Jervis Bay, New South Wales Fan Zhang PhD UNSW ADFA Analysing the Socio‐economic Benefits of NSW‐IMOS
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Name Degree/start Institution Topic Vihang Bhatt PhD UNSW ADFA Modeling of South Pacific Subtropical Mode Water: Seasonal and Inter‐Annual Variability
Justine Hons/2009 UTS Phytoplankton diversity of the EAC and its (Retnowaty) associated eddies Djajadikarta Gabriel Shaw Hons/2010 UTS Nutrient control of primary production in the Tasman Sea Christel Hassler Post‐doc 2009‐ UTS Novel technologies to resolve the role of 2011 organic matter on iron chemistry and bioavailability in the South Pacific Ocean Dr. Oscar Pizarro Post‐doc 2010‐ University of Cost‐effective autonomous systems for 2014 Sydney large scale monitoring of marine protected areas Dr. Michael Post‐doc 2008‐ University of Efficient and adaptive AUV survey Jakuba 2011 Sydney Stephen Barkby PhD/2007 University of Bathymetric Simultaneous Localisation Sydney and Mapping Ariell Friedman PhD/2009 University of Habitat classification using measures of Sydney rugosity derived from stereoscopic AUV data Asher Bender PhD/2009 University of Optimal path planning for long term Sydney deployment of AUV systems Daniel Steinberg PhD/2009 University of Adaptive path planning for efficient Sydney benthich habitat survey Nasir Ahsan PhD/2009 University of Habitat classification using visual and Sydney multibeam observations Don Dansereau PhD/2010 University of Light Field Processing and its Application Sydney to Autonomous Underwater Vehicle Navigation Erika Woolsey MSc University of MSc Sydney
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Name of Node SAIMOS Leaders Associate Professor John Middleton, Dr Sophie Leterme Sponsor SARDI Aquatic Sciences & Flinders University ($5000/pa) Meetings held in 8 September 2009 ‐ IMOS Steering Committee meeting, Melbourne 2009/10 30 September 2009 ‐ SAIMOS Node meeting, Adelaide 26 November 2009 ‐ IMOS‐2 meeting 28 January 2010 ‐ SAIMOS/IMOS Meeting with Tim Moltmann, Adelaide 20 April 2010 ‐ Meeting with new Minister for Agriculture, Food and Fisheries, the Honourable Michael O’Brien MP
Executive summary
The SAIMOS Node reached a very mature level in 2009/2010, with excellent capability now established in moorings (100% return), field work, glider and apex predator deployments. The WERA HF RADAR system has been deployed at Cape Wiles/Spencer and a CODAR system at the Bonney Coast: unfortunately web based visualization of this data has not been made available – our only source of disappointment with IMOS as a whole.
Over seven MSc and PhD projects that use the SAIMOS data streams are now underway, four publications have appeared and this will increase as the former come to fruition. The availability of the SAIMOS data streams have allowed Node members to successfully obtain over $2.1M in funding for related projects with an additional $260,000 worth of projects pending. The capability in moorings developed through SAIMOS has also allowed SARDI to provide the owners of the Adelaide desalination plant with a marine observing system that will be extended to live telemetry late this year.
We have also been pro‐active in promoting SAIMOS to researchers, the community and senior government and industry through meetings, open days, workshops and information sessions.
SAIMOS was officially launched by the S.A. Minister for Agriculture and Fisheries (Michael O'Brien) on June 1st 2010. The launch was attended by the S.A. Chief Scientist Ian Chessell, IMOS Director Tim Moltmann and 40 representatives from government, industry and university. The launch received radio and television coverage and deemed a success in raising the profile of SAIMOS in the S.A. community.
We have continued to engage our stakeholders and industry through informal and formal briefings to SARDI, Flinders University, Marine Innovation South Australia, the local Bureau of Meteorology universities and DSTO.
Significant Promotional Activities: Three SAIMOS Information sessions were run for the marine industries in October 2009 in Port Lincoln, Kangaroo Island and Adelaide. The sessions attracted representatives from fisheries, lobster, aquaculture, bluefin tuna, as well as water police, firefighters, marine ferry operators and the talks on IMOS/SAIMOS were well received. Industry expressed interest in participating in SAIMOS (through SOOPs/mooring assistance). These sessions will be continued on an annual basis.
APX C.4 Nodes – SAIMOS 148 Uptake of data. Has been promoted through the activities detailed below that include: SAIMOS/eMII workshop at Flinders Honours, MSc, PhD and research projects Conference presentations and publications General promotional work and publicity
Publications: • Seuront L., Leterme S.C., Middleton J., Byrne S., James C., Luick J., Nedoncelle K., Paterson J., Teixeira C. & van Dongen‐Vogels V., 2010: Biophysical couplings in South Australian shelf waters under conditions of summer upwelling and winter downwelling: Results from the Southern Australian Integrated Marine Observing System (SAIMOS). In: Hall, J., Harrison D.E. & Stammer, D., (Eds.), Proceedings of the "OceanObs’09: Sustained Ocean Observations and Information for Society" Conference, Venice, Italy, 21‐25 September 2009, ESA Publication WPP‐306. • Peter Petrusevics, John Bye, John Luick and Carlos E.P. Teixeira 2010: Summer sea surface temperature fronts and elevated chlorophyll‐a in the entrance to Spencer Gulf, South Australia, submitted to Continental Shelf Research. • van Dongen‐Vogels V, Seymour JR, Leterme S, Paterson J, Seuront L (2010) Space‐time variability of picophytoplankton communities in South Australian shelf waters. AGU/ASLO/TOS Ocean Sciences meeting, (22‐26th Feb10), Portland (Oregon), USA. Eos Trans. AGU, 91(26), Ocean Sci. Meet. Suppl., Abstract BO11A‐05. • van Dongen‐Vogels V, Seymour JR, Leterme S, Seuront L (2009) Spatial and temporal dynamics in picophytoplankton community structure along a shelf plume (South Australia). Marine Connectivity, Australian Marine Science Association International Conference (AMSA, 5‐9 July09), Adelaide, Australia. This poster was acknowledged by the AMSA committee and received the Ron Kenny award for best poster presentation (Australian Marine Science Bulletin, n0 181, Spring 2009, p9).
Research projects: • A hydrodynamic/biogeochemical modelling facility for S.A., SARDI, John Middleton, July 2008‐June 2011, Marine Innovation S.A., $419K • Carrying Capacity for Spencer Gulf, SARDI/PIRSA, John Middleton, Novenmber 2009‐October 2012, FRDC, Flinders University, $1.169M. • NCED 2010‐2013: Nanostructure of diatoms: A predictive model for species sustainability, Leterme, Middleton, Doubell ($241K) • SEAP work area 1.1: Understanding the biophysical implications of climate change, Alistair Hobday (CSIRO) and John Middleton, July 2009‐June 2010, FRDC, $140,614. • Submitted: ARC 2011‐2013: Understanding the origins and dynamics of continental shelf microbial communities. Leterme (FUSA), Middleton (SARDI), Dobell (SARDI). This proposed project will use the extensive SAIMOS data streams. • Submitted: A survey of SONAR test sites, Phase 1, Literature review. Department of Defence and DSTO, September‐October 2010, John Middleton, $50,431.
Postgraduate research projects: • PhD, Water Mass Connectivity and Mixing: isotope and hydrographic analyses, SARDI/ANU, Laura Richardson, March 2009‐February 2013, John Middleton, Brad Opdyke
APX C.4 Nodes – SAIMOS 149 • PhD, Impact of physical forcings (upwelling/downwelling) and nutrients availability on the space‐time dynamics of picophytoplankton communities, FUSA, Virginie van Dongen‐Vogels (Vinnie), January 2008‐July 2011, Laurent Seuront, Sophie Leterme, Justin Seymour, Jim Mitchell • PhD , Coastal upwelling and its effects on marine microbial processes, Flinders University, James Patterson , February 2008 ‐ November 2011, Laurent Seuront, Jim Mitchell • PhD, The Ocean Circulation of Spencer Gulf: a numerical study, Carlos Teixeira, UNSW, August 2006‐August 2010, John Middleton
Promotional activities: SAIMOS has been active in activities to promote SAIMOS and IMOS in general. This has been achieved not only through meetings above, but discussions with government departments such as DEH, Parks and Wildlife agencies, Adelaide Aqua Desalination personnel, various NRM Boards, EPA, BoM, DSTO and ongoing discussions/collaboration with Flinders University. Three SAIMOS Information Sessions for related/potential industry partners were run in October 2009 and at Port Lincoln, Kangaroo Island and Adelaide. SARDI Open Day, November 2009, Adelaide, Lectures, demonstrations of equipment to general public Ocean Sciences Meeting • Paterson J, van Dongen‐Vogels V, Leterme S, Seuront L (2010) Viral and bacterial spatial dynamics within coastal upwelling systems. AGU/ASLO/TOS Ocean Sciences meeting, (22‐ 26th Feb10), Portland (Oregon), USA. • SAIMOS was officially launched by the Minister for Agriculture, Food and Fisheries, the Honourable Michael O’Brien MP on 1st June 2010 at SARDI’s Port Adelaide store. This event was attended by S.A.’s Chief Scientist (Professor Ian Chissell), the IMOS Director (Tim Moltmann) and representatives from state government, universities and industry. The launch attracted print, radio and television coverage. • A high quality DVD on SAIMOS and associated facilities was prepared for the launch and very well received. The DVD was extremely well received by the MISA Steering committee which is made up of representatives from S.A.’s universities, seafood and aquaculture industries. The SAIMOS DVD and other promotional material will be used A high quality promotional DVD of joint Flinders University/SARDI research activities (featuring SAIMOS) is also being made and will be used for web and other marketing activities.
Presentations • Paterson J, van dongen‐Vogels V, Leterme S, Seuront L (2010) Viral and bacterial spatial dynmaics within coastal upwelling systems. AGU/ASLO/TOS Ocean Sciences meeting (22‐26 February 2010), Portland, Oregon, USA • Middleton J., Seuront L., Luick J., James C., Leterme S.C., Teixiera C., van Dongen‐Vogels V. & Patterson J. (2009) The biophysical landscape of the southern Australian shelves: measurement, modelling, climate and climate change. AMSA, July 2009, Adelaide, Australia. • Leterme S.C., James C., Luick J., Middleton J., Van Dongen‐Vogels V., Paterson J. & Seuront L. (2009) Seasonal Variations in Biological Characteristics of the South Australian Shelf Waters – Results from the Southern Australian Integrated Marine Observing System (SAIMOS). EGU, General Assembly, April 2009, Vienna, Austria.
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Posters Navong N., James C. & Leterme S.C. (2010) Impacts of upwelling events on the phytoplankton communities off the South Australian continental shelf. AMSA, July 2010, Wollongong, Australia. • James C., Leterme S.C., Luick J., Middleton J., Patterson J., van Dongen‐Vogels V. & Seuront L. (2009) Introducing the Southern Australian node of the Integrated Marine Observing System, SAIMOS. AMSA, July 2009, Adelaide, Australia. Seuront L., Leterme S.C., Middleton J., Ridgway K., Doherty P., Bainbridge S., Steinberg C., Suthers I., Roughan M., Pattiaratchi C., Thresher A., Trull T., Schulz E., Wijffels S., Williams S., Allen S., Heron M., Harcourt R., Proctor R., Turner P., Critchley G., Richardson A., Coman F., Bonham P., Terhell D., Thompson P., Tilbrook B., Berry K., Clementson L., Lynch T., Robert S., Furnas M., Roberts K., Magierowski R. and Meyers G. (2009) IMOS, an Integrated Marine Observing System for Australia. EGU, General Assembly, April 2009, Vienna, Austria. • James C., Luick J., Leterme S.C., Middleton J. & Seuront L. (2009) Seasonal Variations in Physical Characteristics of the South Australian Shelf Waters –Results from the Southern Australian Integrated Marine Observing System (SAIMOS). EGU, General Assembly, April 2009, Vienna, Austria.
Stakeholder Engagement in the Node Engagement activities with stakeholders occur on several levels: SARDI: SAIMOS is regarded by SARDI as one of the great success stories to come out of the Marine Innovation South Australia (MISA) initiative. MISA funds salaries and John Middleton was the first MISA appointment. School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University is the other major SAIMOS partner. Following the appointment of a new head of School, we plan several meetings with senior management to discuss how SAIMOS can be integrated into the curriculum, research projects and field training of staff and students. A SAIMOS/eMII workshop is again planned for Flinders. S.A. State Government. We have maintained very good relationships with the Department of Further Education, Employment and Training (DFEEST), who provided $561K for the WEAR RADAR system and who invited us to apply for $200K for funding of the tagged apex predator program. Presentations were made to the DFEEST committee (consisting of senior government, industry representatives) about SAIMOS (Middleton) and the apex predator program (Goldsworthy). Marine Industries: Through reports to MISA, updates are regularly given to senior representatives of the seafood and aquaculture industries. In addition, we plan to extend engagement through the continuation of the SAIMOS October information sessions for industry. • Other: we have been active in promoting ties with DSTO’s Marine Operations Division who have an engineering, glider and HF RADAR capacity. In addition, we are developing ties with the University of Adelaide Schools of Earth sciences, Engineering and Mathematics. The apex tagged predator program has established ties with local government as well as the Australian Fisheries Advisory Board.
APX C.4 Nodes – SAIMOS 151 Name of Node West Australian Marine Observation System (WAIMOS) Leaders Prof Chari Pattiaratchi, Dr Nick D’Adamo Sponsor The University of Western Australia Meetings held in Please list meeting dates and venues: 2009/10 29 July 2009 – University Club, UWA 16 October 2009 – SESE, UWA 27 October 2009 – SESE, UWA 31 May 2010 – SESE, UWA
Executive summary– summary of key achievements within the Node in 2009/10
As a result of EIF funding, the node now includes northern Australia. In the south‐west region all of the IMOS infrastructure funded through NCRIS has now been deployed and are collecting data. This is a major success for the node with the ability of using data from different sources to integrate to better understand the marine system. We are now in a situation to continue the deployment to produce sustained data streams and promote the uptake of the data streams. In developing the northern Australian observation system (NAOS) three cross‐shore transects were proposed: Bonaparte (including the Indonesian Throughflow, Kimberley and Pilbara). The IMOS Board recommended funding for Bonaparte transect which is now deployed whilst for the Kimberley and Pilbara, the node is seeking co‐investment from the WA State Government.
Description of activities undertaken, including how the Node promoted the uptake of data
The infrastructure currently deployed in the node is shown on Table 1. This reflects the deployment of all infrastructure allocated to the node through NCRIS funding and EIF funding to date. The requested infrastructure for the south‐west region has all been deployed. The deployment of the remaining infrastructure to the northern region depends on co‐investment from the WA State Government.
Table 1 – Summary of infrastructure deployed as part of WAIMOS by different facilities. Ships of Opportunity Rottnest Ferry SST; CPR (Wyndham/ Broome & Program (SOOP) Carnarvon /Fremantle) Australian National Facility Slocum gliders (Two Rocks Transect); Seagliders for Ocean Gliders (ANFOG) (Leeuwin Current) Autonomous Underwater Ningaloo; Scott Reef; SWWA (Cape Naturaliste, Vehicle (AUV) Rottnest, Jurien & Abrolhos) Two Rocks Mooring Array; Perth Canyon Moorings; Australian National Kimberley Mooring Array; ITF/Bonaparte Mooring Moorings Network (ANMN) Array; Rottnest NRS; Esperance NRS; Ningaloo NRS; Passive Acoustics (Perth Canyon) Australian Coastal Radar CODAR Seasonde Stations; WERA Stations Network (ACORN) Australian Animal Tagging Ningaloo (NRETA); SWWA (CSIRO); Rottnest (WA and Monitoring System Fisheries/OTN); (AATAMS)
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Publications, research projects and postgraduate students who are using IMOS data. Publications:
B. Hollings, C. B. Pattiaratchi, M. Woo & C. E. Hanson (2010) Sustained oceanographic observations around Australia using autonomous ocean gliders. Proceedings of the IEEE Oceans 2010 Conference, Sydney, May 2010. • Pattiaratchi C., Feng M., McCauley R., Lynch M., D’Adamo N. (2009).The West Australian Integrated Marine Observation System (WAIMOS): Interactions between the Leeuwin Current and the continental shelf. Proceedings OceanObs’09 Conference, Venice, Sept 2009. • Pattiaratchi, C., Hollings, B & Woo M (2009) Oceanographic Observations of the Australian Continental Shelf and Slope Waters Using Autonomous Ocean Gliders. Proceedings OceanObs’09 Conference, Venice, Sept 2009.
Research projects:
• Ocean‐reef interactions as drivers of continental shelf productivity in a changing climate, UWA and UNSW, Professor Anya Waite, Dr Moninya Roughan, Winthrop Professor Charitha Pattiaratchi, Doctor Jonne Kotta, Doctor Helen Orav‐Kotta, 2010‐2012. Australian Research Council • Deployment of ocean gliders as part of WAIMOS, UWA , Winthrop Professor Charitha Pattiaratchi, 2008‐2011. WAMSI • New Insights From Ocean Gliders ‐ Comparing Oceanographic Forcing of Phytoplankton Dynamics in Two Very Different Eastern Boundary Current Regions. Dr Christine Hanson, Prof Peter Rhines (University of Washington), 2010, UWA Research collaboration award
Postgraduate research projects:
• PhD, Cross‐shore processes along the Rottnest continental shelf, UWA, Thisara Welhena, 2009‐2011, Prof Charitha Pattiaratchi and Dr Ming Feng. BE (Hons) Analysis of Seaglider data, UWA, Ping Jie Teo, 2010. Prof Charitha Pattiaratchi, Dr Christine Hanson, Dr Mun Woo
Promotional activities:
Australian Marine Science Conference Adelaide, Australia. July 2009. Western Australian Integrated Ocean Observation System (WAIMOS) (Presenter: C. Pattiaratchi) • School of Environmental Systems Engineering seminar, UWA, Perth. August 2009. Operational oceanography: some examples from Sri Lanka and south‐western Australia (Presenter: C. Pattiaratchi) WAMSI node 6 symposium, UWA, Perth. August 2009. Slocum ocean glider deployments along the Two Rocks transect (Presenter: C. Pattiaratchi) • Oceanobs’09 Conference Venice, Italy. September 2009. Oceanographic Observations of the Australian Continental Shelf and Slope Waters Using Autonomous Ocean Gliders. CPattiaratchi (poster)
APX C.5 Nodes – WAIMOS 153 • Oceanobs’09 Conference Venice, Italy. September 2009. The West Australian Integrated Marine Observation System (WAIMOS) CPattiaratchi (poster) European glider observatories, Cyprus. October 2009. Australian National Facility for Ocean Gliders (Presenter: B. Hollings) Kimberley biological oceanography workshop, Perth. November 2009. Plans for WAIMOS in the Kimberley (Presenter: C. Pattiaratchi) • ‘Monitoring for action: understanding WA’s changing marine and coastal environments’, WAMSI symposium, Fremantle, WA. November 2009. Integrated Marine Observing System (IMOS) in Western Australia (Presenter: C. Pattiaratchi) • CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research, Hobart, Australia. December 2009. Coastal Physical Oceanography off South‐West Australia. (Presenter: C. Pattiaratchi) GODAE international summer school for observing, assimilating and forecasting the ocean, Perth. Ocean glider laboratory. (Presenter: C. Pattiaratchi) • Oceans Sciences meeting Portland, USA. February 2010. Sustained bio‐optical measurements across the Leeuwin Current system via ocean gliders: spatio‐temporal patterns and links to physical forcing (Presenter: Christine Hanson) Oceans Institute/AIMS seminar, UWA Oceans Institute, Perth. March 2010. Integrated Marine Observation System (IMOS) in Western Australia. Presenter: C. Pattiaratchi) WAMSI planning workshop, CSIRO, Perth. March 2010. WAIMOS programs (Presenter: C. Pattiaratchi) IEEE Oceans conference Sydney, Australia. May 2010. Sustained oceanographic observations around Australia using autonomous ocean gliders (Presenter: Ben Hollings)
Any other matters to report
Although HF Radar systems have been deployed: CODAR SEASONDE Stations since March 2009 (~ 18 months) and WERA systems since September 2009 (~ 12 months) no QA/QC data is available to the node. Although the real‐time radial data is available for both systems and the node together with eMII have developed matlab scripts to display the WERA data in vector form – this has not been accomplished for the SEASONDE data.
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NCRIS Milestone Report for the 2009/10 Annual Progress Report
No. Milestone Due Party(s) Status Comments / Update 1. Argo Australia 1.1 240 active floats in the IMOS Argo Jun10 CSIRO Achieved 262 floats are currently ‘live’ and giving good data ‐ but the Australia network array growth was largely achieved via EIF investment as 17 Argo floats expired in this year.
2. Enhanced Measurements from Ships of Opportunity 2a Multi‐disciplinary Underway Network 2a.1 Routine provision of CPR data to eMII Sep09 CSIRO Achieved Data from Brisbane‐Melbourne sections provided on a AAD monthly basis. Data from Southern Ocean provided within a month of receiving samples 2a.2 Iridium communication system Dec09 CSIRO Achieved XBT iridium communication finished and both Real‐Time established and all XBT, pCO2 and BGC AAD and Delayed‐Mode data delivered on a regular basis. pCO2 data, realtime and delayed mode, data delivery via iridium from Astrolabe delayed about 2 available through eMII months due to unusually heavy sea‐ice disrupting the ship schedule. Lack of underway data for 2009 from Southern Surveyor data facility have caused about a 3 month delay in delivering delayed‐mode QC data for the Southern Surveyor. 2a.3 AusCPR monitoring a section from Jun10 CSIRO Achieved Brisbane to Melbourne towed monthly since June 2009. Brisbane to Antarctica AAD The routes south of Tasmania to the Antarctic mainland have been run over each Antarctic shipping season (spring to autumn) since 2007/2008, building on the tows conducted since 1991. 2b Sensors on Tropical Research Vessels 2b.1 Routine provision of temperature, salinity, Sep09 AIMS In Development of appropriate automated QA/QC processes chlorophyll data to eMII Progress underway. 2b.2 Thermosalinographs installed, tested and Dec09 AIMS Achieved Instruments being used on a semi‐regular basis on longer working on the two AIMS research vessels cruises with trained science party operators. Training of (R.V. Cape Ferguson and R.V. Solander); ships crews is underway. Raw data and metadata data available through eMII currently being sent to eMII.
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No. Milestone Due Party(s) Status Comments / Update
2c Sea Surface Temperature Sensors 2c.1 Near real‐time, QC’d, SST data from six Dec09 BoM Delayed Heron Is Ferry was sold so thermosalinograph installation vessels including Heron Island Ferry AIMS delayed. However, 10 other ship SST data streams available through eMII. CMAR available in near real‐time through eMII. 2c.2 Near real‐time, QC’d, SST data from 10 Jun10 BoM AAD Achieved In total, near real‐time, QC'd, SST data streams from 10 vessels including above plus RSV Aurora vessels (including Aurora Australis) are available through Australis and three additional vessels Ocean Portal in required format. available through eMII. 2d Research Vessels Real Time Air‐Sea Fluxes 2d.1 Routine transfer of flux data from Aurora Dec09 BOM Delayed Ongoing delays with AAD operating instruments and ship‐ Australis to eMII board data processing and telemetry 2d.2 Near real‐time air‐sea flux data and Dec09 BoM AAD In Southern Surveyor QC’d met data and enhanced products enhanced products from Southern progress provided daily. Aurora providing data, but not from all Surveyor and Aurora Australis available agreed instruments. through eMII
3. Southern Ocean Time Series (SOTS) 3.1 Construct and deploy operational version Sep09 CSIRO Achieved Completed successfully. Pulse‐6 will be replaced by Pulse‐7 of platform 2: Pulse biogeochemical UTAS in September 2010 as planned. mooring 3.2 Pulse design finalized, mooring assembled Sep09 CSIRO Achieved Completed successfully and deployed UTAS 3.3 Deploy platform 4: Tethered Profiler Dec09 UTAS Achieved Untethered version of Profiler successfully deployed in CSIRO Dec09, and a second untethered profiler in March 2010. This component of SOTS will continue using the untethered approach through 2010/11. 3.4 Deploy and begin data stream from all Feb10 CSIRO Achieved Profiler successfully supplying temperature, salinity and profilers UTAS oxygen data live to web from early January 2010 onwards 3.5 SOFS mooring delivered from WHOI, Mar10 BoM Achieved SS2010_02 Deployment voyage in March 2010 was deployed and providing real‐time data. CSIRO successful. Pulse recovered. UTAS
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No. Milestone Due Party(s) Status Comments / Update 3.6 Complete construction of engineering test Apr10 BOM Achieved Construction of full version (not test version) completed in version of platform 1: SOFS meteorology CSIRO March 2010 mooring UTAS 3.7 Protocols for delivery of Pulse and profiler Jun10 CSIRO In Profiler data streams complete, Pulse delayed mode data data to eMII finalized. UTAS Progress to be finalized after mooring recovery in March 2010.
4. Australian National Facility for Ocean Gliders (ANFOG) 4.1 QA/QC glider data for deployments to Jul09 UWA Achieved Real‐time position data available through eMII. Profile June 2009 available at iVEC for access UTAS data is in progress ‐ liaising with eMII personnel to achieve through eMII and Seaglider data available this for upload to eMII in near real time. 4.2 Deployment of the full complement of Aug09 UWA Achieved gliders at each of the nodes : Bluewater (1 Seaglider); NSW‐IMOS (1 Slocum and 1 Seaglider), SAIMOS (1 Slocum and 1 Seaglider), WAIMOS (1 Slocum and 2 Seagliders) 4.3 Availability of real‐time data from Sep09 UWA Delayed Real‐time position data available through eMII. Profile Seagliders data is in progress ‐ liaising with eMII personnel to achieve this 4.4 Assessment of the national capability to Dec09 UWA Delayed Milestone revised to end March 2010, but not yet use gliders completed 4.5 At least 5 gliders in the water Dec09 UWA Achieved simultaneously 4.6 Slocum glider off Western Australia for Jun10 UWA In To June 2010, gliders have occupied the transect 62% of 80% of time. Progress time. Delays have occurred due to loss of a glider in June 2010.
5. Autonomous Underwater Vehicle Facility (AUV) 5.1 Announcement of successful proposals for Jun09 SIMS Achieved Accepted proposal from Nodes to establish benthic 2009/2010 timeframe and preparation of reference sites deployment plan for the year.
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No. Milestone Due Party(s) Status Comments / Update 5.2 Availability of first data products through Jul09 SIMS In Complete data set for Scott Reef has been uploaded. eMII progress Waiting for eMII. 5.3 Software for transmission of data to eMII Sep09 SIMS Achieved Tools in place, awaiting confirmation from eMII that data developed for all datastreams formats are suitable. 5.4 Deployments of AUV in SA/Vic, NSW, Qld Dec09 SIMS Other Agreed that deployments in Tasmania and tropical WA and WA would be priorities, but others cancelled – see Appendix A.5 5.5 Draft visualisation/image based retrieval Jan10 SIMS In In‐house tools available, eMII investigating online tools. system Progress 5.6 Announcement of successful proposals for Jun10 SIMS Achieved 2010/2011 timeframe 5.7 Benthic reference site planning meeting Mar SIMS Achieved 10 5.8 Deployment in Tas & temperate WA Jun 10 SIMS Achieved 5.9 Upload of remaining data sets Jun 10 SIMS In Progress
6. Australian National Mooring Network (ANMN) 6.1 WA and NSW regional arrays installed Sep09 CSIRO In In NSW one mooring not deployed, and one mooring to be SIMS Progress relocated – see Apx A.6. WA regional arrays all deployed. 6.2 Maria, Yongala and Darwin NRS delivering Dec09 AIMS In Yongala real time upgrade delayed to Aug 2010 due to real time data to GTS; Recovery and re‐ CSIRO Progress delivery and weather delays. deployment of SA array; acoustic CUT observatories installed; all ANMN arrays SARDI running SIMS 6.3 All NRS with surface signature delivering Jun10 CSIRO Achieved real time data to Global Telecommunication System and to users through eMII.
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No. Milestone Due Party(s) Status Comments / Update 6.4 All National Reference Stations (except Jun10 AIMS Achieved All NRS installed, though Dampier has been relocated to Dampier) and coastal moorings (except CSIRO Ningaloo. Coastal mooring SAM3M3 to be installed by two in South Australia) installed CUT October 2010. SARDI SIMS
7. Australian Coastal Ocean Radar Network (ACORN) 7.1 GBR radar operating with near real‐time Jun09 JCU Achieved “Data Flowing” means near real‐time data in netCDF files data flowing to archive at QCIF; data on the IMOS archive. structures and quality indices documented Note: Access to archive and visualization tools are being for users. produced by eMII 7.2 Radar systems operating in Qld, WA and Sep09 JCU SARDI Delete Refer 7.5‐ duplicate entry SA 7.3 Radar systems ordered for NSW, SA/Vic Dec09 JCU Achieved Completed 7.4 Freely available streams of ACORN Data Dec09 JCU SARDI Delete Refer 7.5‐duplicate entry (GBR, SA, WA) 7.5 2x WERA Stations and 2x SeaSonde Dec09 JCU Achieved 2x SeaSonde WA: Installed: Data Flowing to archive 21 Stations in WA operating with near real‐ April 2010; 2x WERA WA: Installed; Data Flowing to archive time data flowing to archive 10 March 2010. 2x WERA Stations in SA Gulfs operating Achieved 2x WERA SA: Data Flowing to archive. with near real‐time data flowing to “Data Flowing” means near real‐time data in netCDF files archive on the IMOS archive. 7.6 2x WERA Stations in NSW Coffs Harbour Jun10 JCU Delay Delay due to NSW Land Planning Management Authority. operating with near real‐time data flowing Staffing commitments disallow installation during July. to archive 2x SeaSonde Stations in SA Bonney Coast Achieved Bonney Coast installations completed July 2010; Data operating with near real‐time data flowing Flowing to archive to archive 7.7 Protocols for data management and user‐ Jun10 JCU Other “ACORN Data Document” is a live document and will be documentation on data management and finalised 30Jun2011. Currently available as Version 1.1. quality available Due Date should be changed to 30 Jun 11.
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8. Australian Animal Tagging and Monitoring System (AATAMS) 8.1 All receivers installed (Ningaloo Jun09 SIMS Achieved Ningaloo, Glenelg, OTN Perth, East Coast (Sydney and Coffs RETA, Glenelg, OTN Perth and Bass Harbour ) installed. All lines serviced at least twice. Central Strait), East Coast (Sydney and Coffs repository of receiver locations and Tag IDs established at Harbor); a central repository of the SIMS. location of receivers and tags for all Delay OTN Bass Strait delayed – in process of determining where this collaborators established; all IMOS will be installed (possible move to a location off SE Tasmania and collaborator data available through eMII. 8.2 User access of tracking data from Sep09 SIMS Achieved Functionality of eMII for AATAMS community achieved‐ eMII ongoing refinement and useability assessment underway 8.3 Establish IMOS curtains on East Sep09 SIMS Achieved Sydney and Coffs Harbour initially delayed due to mooring Coast. design changes (see previous Milestone reports). Bondi Line has now been deployed, recovered, downloaded and redeployed three times. Coffs Harbour Line deployed Feb 2010. 8.4 Complete all acoustic tracking Dec09 SIMS In All NCRIS deployments undertaken except OTN which has been installations Progress delayed due to contractual delays within Canada. Completed contracts with OTN Canada are being finalised and equipment deliveries are being planned for the Bass Strait Gates (or alternate site (see Milestone 8.1). 8.5 Routine maintenance and repair Jun10 SIMS Achieved Ningaloo service undertaken May 2009 and January 2010, (when required) of arrays and QC of Glenelg line in December 2009, East coast April 2009, January the data stream 2010, July 2010
9. Facility for Automated Intelligent Monitoring of Marine Systems (FAIMMS) 9.1 All collected data available, including Jun09 AIMS Achieved Additional metadata to be added as deployments are metadata, from either eMII or via a UTAS completed, all data available as web services and via data project web site. turbine. 9.2 All site visits completed and the final Jun09 AIMS JCU Achieved Last visits to Rib and Myrmidon Reefs completed. sets of designs for the equipment Aust. developed. Museum
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9.3 All data links in place including the Oct09 AIMS UQ Delayed Link to Heron Island being managed by AARNet and UQ, after specialized microwave links to JCU many delays in getting permits and final funding the link is Heron and Orpheus Islands progressing and will be in place by the end of 2010. Link to Orpheus Island completed. Test satellite link to Myrmidon in place, testing of link to Rib Reef completed. 9.4 Gain recognition of FAIMMS from Dec09 AIMS Achieved FAIMMS organised a one day international workshop on coral CREON and ILTER reef sensor networks as part of ISSNIP which included the CREON and ILTER groups. CREON workshop was held in San Diego in March 2010 and the FAIMMS deployments are to be used as templates for other deployments around the world. Next workshops will be held in Taiwan in September and Brisbane in December. 9.5 Wireless sensor network operating Jun10 AIMS In Lizard Island is the last site to be done, site work has been done at all GBR Locations Progress and deployment trips booked for mid July and early August 2010. 9.6 All deployments completed. Jun10 AIMS In Lizard Island is the last site to be done, deployment trips Progress booked for the 16th of July and the 8th of August 2010 and so site will be operational by mid August 2010.
10. eMarine Information Infrastructure (eMII) [Includes Facility 12 AODN Development Office Milestones] 10.1 Stable and functioning MEST Mar09 UTAS Achieved The operational MEST was stable and functioning at March 2009, formally released in June 2009. A change management system operates to maintain stability. 10.2 Draft Implementation Plan for May09 UTAS In AODN Development Office established as 12th Facility of IMOS; development of IMOS/AODC‐JF Progress draft business plan prepared Aug09; revised Mar09 following AODN; MEST records for all facilities ANDS support and AODC‐JF Board comments (see separate AODN DO APR). MEST records available for all facilities, but not yet for all platforms. 10.3 Functioning eMII portal for Jun09 UTAS Achieved The IMOS Ocean Portal was formally released in June 2009. A discovery & access to IMOS data change management system operates to maintain stability. 10.4 Initial user ‘toolbox’ Jun09 UTAS Achieved Matlab Toolbox for moored instruments launched at AMSA, July09. Development ongoing. Subsequently delayed by resignation in March 2010 of key developer.
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10.5 All IMOS data streams including SRS Sep09 UTAS In All existing Facility data streams are now established and data data reliably discoverable and Progress available. Additional formatting required for some streams. available in a timely manner, Full access to SRS data awaited transfer of Portal and MEST to dataflow processes fully servers at eRSA (Adelaide) (Apr 10), but then delayed further communicated and monitoring due to difficulties with ARCS infrastructure and unavailability of established to address blockages some SRS data streams (e.g. day/night composite high resolution SST) 10.6 Finalise recruitment of staff Sep09 UTAS Achieved The eMII Project Team reached a full complement in March 2010. Patrick Gorringe, Deputy Director – Science Engagement commenced 04 Jan 2010. Laurent Besnard accepted the third Project Officer position and commenced in March 2010. 10.7 Improved eMII portal, including Dec09 UTAS In IMOS Ocean Portal and MEST (v2, hereafter the IMOS access to non‐IMOS data Progress Information System) was released. The next release awaited the installation of servers at eRSA. The user documentation has been updated but the system/doco release, due for Mar10, delayed until eRSA servers and systems fully operational. 10.8 Development of agreements Jun10 UTAS Delayed See AODN Development Office APR (Apx A.12) underpinning the management of Responsibility transferred to AODN‐DO the archiving of data by members of Awaiting formation of the AODN‐DO. the AODCJF 10.9 Complete national user survey to Apr 10 UTAS Delayed This was delayed by the server transfer. Now scheduled for review data stream and data August 2010. product delivery 10.10 Integrate RAMADDA with IMOS Data Jun 10 UTAS Delayed Delayed due to server transfer. Expert RAMADDA developer System and rollout scheduled to join eMII in August 2010.
11. Satellite Remote Sensing (SRS) 11a Australian Satellite SST L2P Products 11a.1 Real‐time AVHRR SST data for the Jun09 BOM Achieved GHRSST and eMII‐compliant netCDF L2P files of 1 km Australian region, full 1 km CSIRO resolution, AVHRR skin SST data for Australian region being resolution, calibrated and validated produced in real‐time at BoM. GDS v2.0 format L2P files from and with estimated errors available NOAA‐18 and NOAA‐19 back to 1 Jan 2010 available from IMOS at AO‐DAAC through eMII. OPeNDAP server at http://aodaac2‐ cbr.act.csiro.au:8080/opendap/imos
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11a.2 Reprocessed 14‐day “mosaic” Jun09 BOM Achieved eMII‐compliant netCDF files of mosaic SST at 0.01 degrees lat x AVHRR SST back to 1 Jan 2002 to 0.01degrees lon resolution available back to 1 Jan 2001 through AO‐DAAC and available through eMII AO‐DAAC OPeNDAP server. 11a.3 Provide documentation to eMII and Jun09 BOM In Short papers and reports on MTSAT‐1R and AVHRR SST the AO‐DAAC on the production, Progress products have been forwarded to eMII and AO‐DAAC. Need to validation and format of each data update documentation and metadata on new AVHRR L2P and product, and provide required input L3C products. GHRSST GDS v2.0 format specification currently to the eMII metadata records. in external review. 11a.4 Real‐time, regional, satellite skin SST Dec 09 BOM Achieved Version 1 and Version 3 (physical retrieval) MTSAT‐1R skin SST available for testing L2P files available at BoM for testing. 11a.5 Operational real‐time and Jun 10 BOM In Currently working on testing NOAA’s Version 3 MTSAT‐1R reprocessed, regional, satellite skin Progress Physical Retrieval skin SST processing system at BoM. Will SST to AO‐DAAC with access through compare with quality of version 1 MTSAT‐1R skin SSTs and eMII supply best product to IMOS. MTSAT‐2 replaced MTSAT‐1R satellite on 1 July 2010. Currently producing real‐time L2P SST files from MTSAT‐2 but need to test quality. 11b Australian Oceans DAAC 11b.1 Transfer of database, web portal Dec09 CSIRO In The objective has changed since a decision was made to merge and aggregator to ARCS server. User Progress the operational system with the IMOS Portal developed by the feedback and bug tracking in place. eMII facility (see below) Fully operational system in place 11b.2 Harvester administration and full Jun10 CSIRO In This task has been modified to align with the new pathway via error management and reporting Progress the IMOS portal completed. 11b.3 MODIS bio‐optical parameters Jun10 CSIRO Other MODIS Ocean Colour data is available via AO‐DAAC. A bio‐ supplied to AO‐DAAC, in optical database is now being compiled in the Ocean Colour collaboration with TERN sub‐facility rather than AODAAC. 11c Upgrade of Hobart (TERSS) and Townsville (AIMS) Ground Stations 11c.1 TERSS: Installation of servo drives May09 GA Other Servo drives stored as spares as original servos continue to completed operate nominally 11c.2 TERSS: Painting of antenna and Dec09 GA Other Failed low noise amplifier replacement was given preference pedestal completed, gearbox inspection completed
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11c.3 TERSS: Gearbox refurbishment Mar10 GA Other Not carried out due to possible antenna replacement completed 11c.4 TERSS: Upgrade completed May10 GA Achieved 11c.5 AIMS: Upgrade from X to dual L and Jun09 AIMS Achieved Station continues to operate routinely X band 11c.6 Produce near real‐time data streams Jun09 AIMS In Data available and awaiting CSIRO to ingest. BoM receiving it from the X band station to AO‐DAAC Progress and making it available on the GTS. 11d Satellite Ocean Colour 11d.1 Colour Reference Station installed Sep09 CSIRO Achieved Colour reference station installed and streaming data from October 2009.
12. IMOS Office 12.1 Acceptance of 2008/09 Annual Nov09 UTAS Achieved Progress Report by DIISR 12.2 Acceptance of 2010/11 Annual May10 UTAS Achieved Business Plan by DIISR
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EIF Milestone Report for the 2009/10 Annual Progress Report Facility Operator Due by 30 Sep 2009 Due by 31 Dec 2009 Due by 31 Mar 2010 Due by 30 Jun 2010 Argo ‐ Enhanced CSIRO Configuration of Floats ordered Floats purchased Argo array density in array and new purchases confirmed Status: Achieved Status: Achieved Southern Hemisphere capability Status: Achieved enhanced Status: In progress (41 of the 46 floats have been deployed. 5 of the Tasman Sea / Western Australia floats to be deployed by end of August 2010) ANFOG – Gliders for UWA Gliders ordered and Technician employed First gliders delivered First gliders deployed for Southern Ocean and development technician Status: Achieved Status: Achieved location tests Coral Sea advertised Status: Achieved Status: Achieved
ANMN – CO2 and pH CSIRO Configuration of Technician employed and Equipment delivered Maria CO2 test deployed; on selected NRS; AIMS purchases confirmed equipment ordered Status: Achieved Stradbroke mooring built New NRS at SARDI Status: Achieved Status: Achieved and test deployed; Single Moreton Bay; SIMS real‐time test Currents on NRS deployment Status: Achieved ANMN – Northern CSIRO WA initiates regional Science and First staff engaged and In water deployments of Australian Observing AIMS consultation Implementation for 2013 initial equipment pilot elements System Status: Achieved agreed ordered commenced Status: Achieved Status: Achieved Status: Achieved AATAMS – SIMS Equipment ordered Equipment delivered Equipment deployed Queensland lines Status: Achieved Status: Achieved Status: In progress (GBRMPA approval received, and 10‐22 August booked for deployment)
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Facility Operator Due by 30 Sep 2009 Due by 31 Dec 2009 Due by 31 Mar 2010 Due by 30 Jun 2010 AATAMS – Southern SIMS Equipment ordered Equipment delivered Equipment deployed First sensors deployed Ocean animals as Status: Achieved Status: Achieved Status: Achieved Status: Achieved sensor platforms AATAMS – Southern SIMS Equipment ordered Equipment delivered Equipment deployed First sensors deployed Australian seals Status: Achieved Status: Achieved Status: Achieved Status: Achieved IMOS Office UTAS Milestone Report 1 Milestone Report 2 Final IMOS EIF Project Milestone Report 4 Status: Achieved Status: Achieved Plan (by 28Feb10); Status: Achieved Annual Business Plan 1; Milestone Report 3 Status: Achieved
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APX E.1 NCRIS Financial Statements 167
NOTES TO THE IMOS‐NCRIS STATEMENT OF INCOME AND EXPENDITURE FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2010 NOTE A: EXPENDITURE A.1 DIISR NCRIS Funding 2009/10 2009/10 2009/10 % Facility Sub‐Facility Operator Leader Budget Capital Personnel Operating Expenses Balance Spent 01 Argo CSIRO Wijffels 1,995,887 353,439 321,158 232,327 906,924 1,088,963 45% 02 SOOP 2a Underway Network CSIRO Ridgway 1,094,500 175,954 551,676 294,240 1,021,870 72,630 93% 02 SOOP 2b Tropical Research Vessels AIMS Furnas 44,000 ‐ 33,000 10,740 43,740 260 99% 02 SOOP 2c SST Sensors BOM Beggs 126,373 53,665 21,187 202 75,054 51,319 59% 02 SOOP 2d Real‐time Air‐sea Fluxes BOM Schulz 68,500 ‐ 59,373 4,026 63,399 5,101 93% 03 DWM 3a Air‐Sea Flux Staions BOM Schulz 1,001,822 735,445 47,800 41,704 824,949 176,873 82% 03 DWM 3b Southern Ocean Time Series CSIRO Trull 236,001 ‐ 162,584 80,997 243,581 - 7,580 103% 03 DWM 3b Southern Ocean Time Series UTAS Trull 1,090,950 54,569 24,048 37,977 116,594 974,356 11% 04 Gliders UWA Pattiaratchi 805,232 ‐ 425,031 263,901 688,932 116,300 86% 05 AUV SIMS Williams 206,240 ‐ 140,625 98,370 238,995 - 32,755 116% 06 Moorings 6a Queensland & Nthn Aust AIMS Steinberg 343,858 163,875 54,637 276,255 494,767 - 150,909 144% 06 Moorings 6b New South Wales SIMS Roughan 854,447 323,386 175,612 325,305 824,303 30,144 96% 06 Moorings 6c Southern Australia SARDI Middleton 645,690 296,645 232,065 114,095 642,805 2,885 100% 06 Moorings 6d Western Australia CSIRO Feng 263,394 ‐ 176,958 137,742 314,700 - 51,306 119% 06 Moorings 6e Acoustic Observatories CUT McCauley 207,930 219,523 ‐ 122,775 342,298 - 134,368 165% 06 Moorings 6f National Reference Stations CSIRO Lynch 687,486 154,209 119,986 199,950 474,145 213,341 69% 07 ACORN JCU Heron 1,732,726 944,386 338,919 262,892 1,546,197 186,529 89% 07 ACORN SARDI Middleton ‐ − 59,633 − 8,507 − 1,903 - 70,043 70,043 0% 08 AATAMS SIMS Harcourt 303,004 137,927 88,464 92,796 319,187 - 16,183 105% 09 FAIMMS AIMS Bainbridge 770,486 138,511 112,488 168,456 419,455 351,031 54% 10 eMII UTAS Proctor 1,740,184 41,564 1,520,576 218,559 1,780,699 - 40,515 102% 11 SRS 11a SST L2P Products BOM Beggs 179,110 ‐ 126,183 17,013 143,196 35,914 80% 11 SRS 11b AODAAC CSIRO King 182,208 ‐ 116,565 6,214 122,779 59,429 67% 11 SRS 11c.1 Hobart Ground Station GA Barr 28,000 2,954 ‐ ‐ 2,954 25,046 11% 11 SRS 11c.2 Townsville Ground Station AIMS Steinberg 43,162 ‐ 40,000 4,943 44,943 - 1,781 104% 11 SRS 11d Satellite Ocean Colour CSIRO Brando 21,000 99,214 52,683 24,518 176,415 - 155,415 840% 12 Office UTAS Moltmann 952,000 ‐ 626,620 257,484 884,104 67,896 93% 13 AODN UTAS Proctor ‐ ‐ 51,480 151,842 203,322 - 203,322 0% DIISR NCRIS Funding Total 15,624,190 3,835,633 5,611,211 3,443,420 12,890,264 2,733,926 83%
APX E.1 NCRIS Financial Statements 168
A.2 Cash Co‐investment 2009/10 Capital / 2009/10 2009/10 Facility Sub‐Facility Operator Organisation Budget Equipment Personnel Operating Received Balance % R'cvd 01 Argo CSIRO BOM 100,000 250,000 ‐ ‐ 250,000 - 150,000 250% 01 Argo CSIRO CSIRO 200,000 196,158 ‐ ‐ 196,158 3,842 98% 01 Argo CSIRO ACCSP/CSIRO ‐ ‐ 91,786 183,610 275,396 - 275,396 0% 01 Argo CSIRO ACECRC ‐ 65,000 ‐ ‐ 65,000 - 65,000 0% 02 SOOP 2a Underway Network CSIRO ACECRC 80,000 ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ 80,000 0% 02 SOOP 2a Underway Network CSIRO BOM 46,000 ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ 46,000 0% 02 SOOP 2a Underway Network CSIRO RAN 384,000 530,000 ‐ ‐ 530,000 - 146,000 138% 02 SOOP 2a Underway Network CSIRO SIO 250,000 ‐ ‐ 200,000 200,000 50,000 80% 02 SOOP 2c SST Sensors BOM BOM 7,000 ‐ ‐ 8,760 8,760 - 1,760 125% 03 SOTS 3a Air‐Sea Flux Staions BOM BOM ‐ ‐ ‐ 5,000 5,000 - 5,000 0% 03 SOTS 3b Southern Ocean Time Series UTAS ACECRC 108,000 47,209 ‐ 24,423 71,632 36,368 66% 05 AUV SIMS USyd 30,000 ‐ 103,125 35,000 138,125 - 108,125 460% 05 AUV SIMS SIMS ‐ ‐ 15,750 ‐ 15,750 - 15,750 0% 06 Moorings 6a Queensland & Nthn Aust AIMS SDTI 445,000 241,950 54,637 364,122 660,709 - 215,709 148% 06 Moorings 6b NSW SIMS SIMS ‐ ‐ 47,750 ‐ 47,750 - 47,750 0% 06 Moorings 6b NSW SIMS UNSW ‐ ‐ 32,000 ‐ 32,000 - 32,000 0% 06 Moorings 6c SA SARDI SARDI ‐ ‐ ‐ 2,500 2,500 - 2,500 0% 06 Moorings 6c SA SARDI Flinders ‐ ‐ ‐ 2,500 2,500 - 2,500 0% 07 ACORN SARDI Flinders 5,000 ‐ ‐ 5,000 5,000 ‐ 100% 07 ACORN SARDI SARDI 5,000 ‐ ‐ 5,000 5,000 ‐ 100% 08 AATAMS SIMS OTN ‐ 236,000 ‐ ‐ 236,000 - 236,000 0% 08 AATAMS SIMS SIMS ‐ ‐ 15,750 ‐ 15,750 - 15,750 0% 08 AATAMS SIMS AIMS/TAFI/Myriax/Vemco ‐ ‐ ‐ 10,500 10,500 - 10,500 0% 09 FAIMMS AIMS SDTI 282,000 65,152 112,488 168,456 346,096 - 64,096 123% 10 eMII UTAS TPAC ‐ ‐ ‐ 80,000 80,000 - 80,000 0% 11 SRS 11a SST L2P Products BOM BOM ‐ ‐ ‐ 7,150 7,150 - 7,150 0% 11 SRS 11c.1 Hobart Ground Station UTAS CSIRO Space Science & Tech ‐ ‐ ‐ 250,000 250,000 - 250,000 0% 12 Office UTAS UTAS 125,000 ‐ ‐ 125,000 125,000 ‐ 100% 12 Office UTAS Tas DEDTA 138,000 ‐ ‐ 138,000 138,000 ‐ 100% 12 Office UTAS SIMS AIMS CSIRO ‐ ‐ ‐ 15,000 15,000 - 15,000 0% 13 AODN UTAS Monash Uni ‐ ‐ ‐ 81,250 81,250 - 81,250 0% Cash Co‐investment Total 2,205,000 1,631,469 473,286 1,711,271 3,816,026 - 1,611,026 173%
APX E.1 NCRIS Financial Statements 169
A.3 In‐kind Co‐investment 2009/10 Capital / 2009/10 2009/10 Facility Sub‐Facility Operator Organisation Budget Equipment Personnel Operating Received Balance % R'cvd 01 Argo CSIRO ACECRC 75,000 ‐ 100,000 50,000 150,000 ‐75,000 200% 01 Argo CSIRO BOM 50,000 ‐ 134,716 ‐ 134,716 ‐84,716 269% 01 Argo CSIRO RAN 10,000 ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ 10,000 0% 01 Argo CSIRO CSIRO ‐ ‐ ‐ 302,181 302,181 ‐302,181 0% 02 SOOP 2a Underway Network CSIRO ACCSP/CSIRO 680,000 ‐ 91,786 183,610 275,396 404,604 40% 02 SOOP 2a Underway Network CSIRO AAD 105,000 ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ 105,000 0% 02 SOOP 2a Underway Network CSIRO MNF / l'Astrolabe ‐ ‐ ‐ 100,000 100,000 ‐100,000 0% 02 SOOP 2a Underway Network CSIRO CSIRO ‐ 82,354 ‐ 476,161 558,515 ‐558,515 0% 02 SOOP 2a Underway Network CSIRO BOM ‐ ‐ 378,034 289,000 667,034 ‐667,034 0% 02 SOOP 2b Tropical Research Vessels AIMS AIMS 68,765 ‐ 20,000 174,279 194,279 ‐125,514 283% 02 SOOP 2c SST Sensors BOM AIMS ‐ ‐ 48,000 ‐ 48,000 ‐48,000 0% 02 SOOP 2c SST Sensors BOM BOM 66,460 ‐ 33,298 4,312 37,610 28,850 57% 02 SOOP 2d Real‐time Air‐sea Fluxes BOM AAD 1,000 ‐ 7,876 ‐ 7,876 ‐6,876 788% 02 SOOP 2d Real‐time Air‐sea Fluxes BOM BOM 41,000 ‐ 29,478 76,072 105,550 ‐64,550 257% 02 SOOP 2d Real‐time Air‐sea Fluxes BOM MNF 4,000 ‐ ‐ 1,800 1,800 2,200 45% 03 SOTS 3a Air‐Sea Flux Staions BOM BOM 46,000 ‐ 30,298 60,857 91,155 ‐45,155 198% 03 SOTS 3b Southern Ocean Time Series CSIRO CSIRO 32,000 ‐ ‐ 143,063 143,063 ‐111,063 447% 03 SOTS 3b Southern Ocean Time Series UTAS MNF ‐ ‐ ‐ 720,000 720,000 ‐720,000 0% 03 SOTS 3b Southern Ocean Time Series UTAS ACECRC ‐ ‐ 135,313 ‐ 135,313 ‐135,313 0% 03 SOTS 3b Southern Ocean Time Series UTAS UTAS 32,000 ‐ 61,815 22,124 83,939 ‐51,939 262% 04 Gliders UWA UWA 153,500 ‐ 14,508 18,658 33,166 120,334 22% 05 AUV SIMS USyd 85,000 ‐ 70,850 ‐ 70,850 14,150 83% 05 AUV SIMS UTAS/TAFI ‐ ‐ ‐ 64,200 64,200 ‐64,200 0% 05 AUV SIMS VicDPI 30,000 ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ 30,000 0% 05 AUV SIMS NSWIMOS 5,000 ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ 5,000 0% 05 AUV SIMS CSIRO/UWA/FishWA 30,000 ‐ ‐ 74,184 74,184 ‐44,184 247% 05 AUV SIMS AIMS 30,000 ‐ ‐ 186,660 186,660 ‐156,660 622% 06 Moorings 6a Queensland & Nthn Aust AIMS AIMS 740,000 ‐ 182,435 824,726 1,007,161 ‐267,161 136% 06 Moorings 6b New South Wales SIMS DECCW 20,000 1,160,000 ‐ 12,000 1,172,000 ‐1,152,000 5860% 06 Moorings 6b New South Wales SIMS MHL 192,000 ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ 192,000 0% 06 Moorings 6b New South Wales SIMS SIMS 85,000 ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ 85,000 0% 06 Moorings 6b New South Wales SIMS SW 150,000 500,000 ‐ ‐ 500,000 ‐350,000 333% 06 Moorings 6c Southern Australia SARDI Flinders 125,500 ‐ 127,741 10,260 138,001 ‐12,501 110% 06 Moorings 6c Southern Australia SARDI SARDI 230,000 ‐ 102,309 103,400 205,709 24,291 89%
APX E.1 NCRIS Financial Statements 170
2009/10 2009/10 2009/10 % Facility Sub‐Facility Operator Leader Budget Capital Personnel Operating Expenses Balance Spent 06 Moorings 6d Western Australia CSIRO CSIRO 35,000 ‐ ‐ 126,508 126,508 ‐91,508 361% 06 Moorings 6e Acoustic Observatories CUT CUT 50,000 ‐ ‐ 50,000 50,000 0 100% 06 Moorings 6f National Reference Stations CSIRO CSIRO 20,000 ‐ ‐ 129,158 129,158 ‐109,158 646% 07 ACORN JCU JCU 224,000 ‐ ‐ 227,107 227,107 ‐3,107 101% 07 ACORN JCU Flinders 13,000 ‐ ‐ 5,000 5,000 8,000 38% 07 ACORN JCU SARDI 28,000 ‐ 12,500 21,000 33,500 ‐5,500 120% 08 AATAMS SIMS AIMS 50,000 ‐ ‐ 288,000 288,000 ‐238,000 576% 08 AATAMS SIMS CSIRO ‐ 76,300 105,000 ‐ 181,300 ‐181,300 0% 08 AATAMS SIMS WAFisheries 106,500 ‐ ‐ 140,000 140,000 ‐33,500 131% 08 AATAMS SIMS SARDI ‐ ‐ ‐ 5,000 5,000 ‐5,000 0% 08 AATAMS SIMS SIMS ‐ ‐ ‐ 177,000 177,000 ‐177,000 0% 09 FAIMMS AIMS AIMS 350,000 ‐ 209,997 389,333 599,330 ‐249,330 171% 09 FAIMMS AIMS ISSNIP 50,000 ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ 50,000 0% 09 FAIMMS AIMS QCIF 180,000 ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ 180,000 0% 09 FAIMMS AIMS TMN 425,000 ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ 425,000 0% 10 eMII UTAS AODCJF 15,000 ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ 15,000 0% 10 eMII UTAS TPAC 50,000 ‐ ‐ 30,000 30,000 20,000 60% 10 eMII UTAS UTAS 361,000 ‐ ‐ 1,398,930 1,398,930 ‐1,037,930 388% 10 eMII UTAS RAN ARCS iVEC SARDI AIMS ‐ ‐ ‐ 31,028 31,028 ‐31,028 0% 10 eMII UTAS SMRU/OceanBit ‐ ‐ ‐ 7,500 7,500 ‐7,500 0% 11 SRS 11a SST L2P Products BOM BOM 72,350 ‐ 111,944 43,120 155,064 ‐82,714 214% 11 SRS 11b AODAAC CSIRO AIMS 24,000 ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ 24,000 0% 11 SRS 11b AODAAC CSIRO BOM 65,000 ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ 65,000 0% 11 SRS 11b AODAAC CSIRO CSIRO 100,000 ‐ 49,814 130,672 180,486 ‐80,486 180% 11 SRS 11b AODAAC CSIRO CUT 24,000 ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ 24,000 0% 11 SRS 11b AODAAC CSIRO GA 25,000 ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ 25,000 0% 11 SRS 11c.1 Hobart Ground Station GA GA ‐ ‐ 17,230 ‐ 17,230 ‐17,230 0% 11 SRS 11c.2 Townsville Ground Station AIMS AIMS 52,515 ‐ 81,368 ‐ 81,368 ‐28,853 155% 11 SRS 11d Satellite Ocean Colour CSIRO CSIRO ‐ ‐ ‐ 49,045 49,045 ‐49,045 0% 12 Office UTAS CSIRO 50,000 ‐ ‐ 79,182 79,182 ‐29,182 158% 12 Office UTAS UTAS 138,916 ‐ ‐ 576,490 576,490 ‐437,574 415% In‐kind Co‐investment Total 5,596,506 1,818,654 2,156,310 7,801,620 11,776,584 ‐6,180,078 210%
Grand Total 23,425,696 7,285,756 8,240,807 12,956,311 28,482,874 ‐5,057,178 122%
APX E.1 NCRIS Financial Statements 171
NOTE B ‐ CAPITAL ‐ Details of purchases Facility Operator Organisation(s) DIISR Cash Co‐ In‐kind Co‐ Total Details invest invest 01 Argo CSIRO CSIRO 353,439 196,158 ‐ 549,597 20 DIISR plus 9 co‐invest Argo floats 01 Argo CSIRO BOM/ACECRC ‐ 315,000 ‐ 315,000 BOM 12 floats; ACECRC 3 floats 02 SOOP 2a CSIRO CSIRO Continuous plankton recorders; Underway CO2 175,954 ‐ 82,354 258,308 measuring system 02 SOOP 2a CSIRO RAN ‐ 530,000 ‐ 530,000 XBT line and supply of XBTs for IX1 & IX28 02 SOOP 2c BOM BOM 53,665 ‐ ‐ 53,665 SST sensors and install network 03 DWM 3a BOM BOM 735,445 ‐ ‐ 735,445 SOFS mooring 03 DWM 3b UTAS UTAS 54,569 47,209 ‐ 101,778 Mooring instrumentation; SAZ sediment trap rebuild 06 Moorings 6a AIMS AIMS/DEEDI 163,875 241,950 ‐ 405,825 Mooring instruments 06 Moorings 6b SIMS SIMS 323,386 ‐ 1,660,000 1,983,386 Mooring instruments; Coastal, ORS & waverider data 06 Moorings 6c SARDI SARDI 296,645 ‐ ‐ 296,645 Mooring instruments 06 Moorings 6e CUT CUT 219,523 ‐ ‐ 219,523 Acoustic listening stations 06 Moorings 6f CSIRO CSIRO 154,209 ‐ ‐ 154,209 ORE coastal acoustic release; Altim designer software 07 ACORN JCU JCU 944,386 ‐ ‐ 944,386 Radar equipment 07 ACORN SARDI SARDI/SAGovt − 59,633 ‐ ‐ - 59,633 08 AATAMS SIMS SIMS 137,927 236,000 76,300 450,227 Components for west coast deployments 09 FAIMMS AIMS AIMS/DTRDI 138,511 65,152 ‐ 203,663 Equipment and instrumentation 10 eMII UTAS UTAS 41,564 ‐ ‐ 41,564 Three servers 11 SRS 11c GA GA 2,954 ‐ ‐ 2,954 TERSS equipment 11 SRS 11d CSIRO CSIRO 99,214 ‐ ‐ 99,214 Lucinda Jetty Coastal Observatory Totals 3,835,633 1,631,469 1,818,654 7,285,756
APX E.1 NCRIS Financial Statements 172
NOTE C ‐ PERSONNEL ‐ Full‐time equivalent (FTE) days for Persons working on IMOS Facilities FTE days by Source of Funding Facility Sub Operator Organisation(s) DIISR Cash Co‐ In‐kind Co‐ FTE Days Person(s) invest invest Total 01 Argo CSIRO BOM ‐ ‐ 135 135 CowenL 01 Argo CSIRO ACECRC ‐ ‐ 220 220 VanWijikE 01 Argo CSIRO CSIRO ThresherAM DiritaV TchenT PooleAW WeldonRB 697 ‐ ‐ 697 WijfflesS DunnJR 01 Argo CSIRO ACCSP DunnJR HoldsworthD McDonaldL PooleAW RidgwayK ‐ 170 ‐ 170 ThresherAM 02 SOOP 2a CSIRO BOM ‐ ‐ 880 880 Principal Investigator & Technicians 02 SOOP 2a CSIRO ACCSP/CSIRO DunnJR HoldsworthD McDonaldL PooleAW RidgwayK ‐ ‐ 170 170 ThresherAM 02 SOOP 2a CSIRO CSIRO BerryK ClementsonL ComanF DaviesC DellQ McLeodD MillerM PooleA RidgwayK SlotwinskiA NeillC 1,245 ‐ ‐ 1,245 Techicians 02 SOOP 2b AIMS AIMS BainbridgeS FurnasM MahoneyM SkuzaM SteinbergC 43 ‐ 319 362 WrightM ZagorskisI 02 SOOP 2c BOM BOM VereinR BeggsH HibbinsR ThomasA BallG BaileyR 26 ‐ 48 74 HughesM 02 SOOP 2c BOM AIMS ‐ ‐ 117 117 MahoneyM SteinbergC 02 SOOP 2d BOM BOM 120 ‐ 39 159 SchulzE BaileyR HughesM VereinR 02 SOOP 2d BOM AAD ‐ ‐ 13 13 ReeveJ RaymondJ BriggsK 02 SOOP 2d BOM MNF ‐ ‐ 4 4 ThomasS 03 DWM 3a BOM BOM 104 ‐ 40 144 SchulzE BaileyR HughesM CoutinhoB VereinR 03 DWM 3b CSIRO CSIRO CherryD DeBoerP HughesD McLaughlanD RaynerM 376 ‐ ‐ 376 LynchT Technicians 03 DWM 3b UTAS UTAS 50 ‐ ‐ 50 AdelsteinJ 03 DWM 3b UTAS ACECRC ‐ ‐ 206 206 BrayS RosenbergM JouandetMP DaviesD,TrullT 04 Gliders UWA UWA Gongora‐MesasR HollingsB StanleyD WooM 1,190 ‐ 25 1,215 PattiaratchiC HansonC 05 AUV SIMS USyd WilliamsS PizarroO JakubaM MercerD MahonI ‐ 240 162 402 FriedmanA TooheyL DandereauD 05 AUV SIMS SIMS 240 42 ‐ 282 PowellG SkognamiglioM
APX E.1 NCRIS Financial Statements 173
FTE days by Source of Funding Facility Sub Operator Organisation(s) DIISR Cash Co‐ In‐kind Co‐ FTE Days Person(s) invest invest Total 06 Moorings 6a AIMS AIMS BainbridgeS HendryA MahoneyM McAllisterF RigbyP 72 72 655 799 SteinbergC WilliamsD SkuzaM WrightM 06 Moorings 6b SIMS SIMS 360 102 ‐ 462 RoughanM MorrisB ScognamiglioM 06 Moorings 6c SARDI SARDI 168 ‐ ‐ 168 MiddletonJ LetermeS 06 Moorings 6c SARDI FUSA ‐ ‐ 326 326 SeurontL RenfreyL ByrnesS 06 Moorings 6d CSIRO CSIRO 369 ‐ ‐ 369 CrossingR DeBoerP DarbyI HughesP DavidsonI 06 Moorings 6f CSIRO CSIRO BerryK CarterT CherryD ComanF CritchleyG FountainT LathamV LynchT NavidadA RaynerM TerhellD 267 ‐ ‐ 267 WassenbergT DavidsonI ReynoldsS Technicians 07 ACORN JCU SARDI 9 ‐ ‐ 9 ByrneS 07 ACORN JCU JCU HeronM PrytzA RehderS AtwaterD NickallsR 827 ‐ ‐ 827 McPhersonC DaSilvaE CranR TheeufR 08 AATAMS SIMS SIMS 304 42 ‐ 346 BoomerA McDowallP ScognamiglioM 08 AATAMS SIMS AquaServ ‐ ‐ 10 10 WattsP 09 FAIMMS AIMS AIMS BainbridgeS EggelingD HendryA KininmonthS PageG 149 149 611 908 NicolleP 10 eMII UTAS UTAS BesnardL BohmP CameronS GorringeP HopeJ JonesC LyleP ManciniS PepperK ProctorR RobertsK TattersallK WilliamsG EdwardsL HendryA JohnsonC WalshA WardB 3,818 ‐ ‐ 3,818 WuL 11 SRS 11a BOM BOM 260 ‐ 147 407 PaltoglouG BeggsH MajewskiL ReaA BaileyR HughesM 11 SRS 11a BOM CSIRO ‐ ‐ 10 10 KingE 11 SRS 11b CSIRO CSIRO 262 ‐ 116 378 KingE SmithG SuberK TurnerP 11 SRS 11c AIMS AIMS 58 ‐ 101 159 BainbridgeS MahoneyM SteinbergC 11 SRS 11c GA GA ‐ ‐ 46 46 WoolnerJ RookV PasfieldM BarrS 11 SRS 11d CSIRO CSIRO 137 ‐ 125 262 HawdonA KeenR KemeiJ 12 Office UTAS CSIRO ‐ ‐ 124 124 AllenS UnderwoodM AdminSupport 12 Office UTAS UTAS NeilsonJ McGowenM HillK BowenV MoltmannT 1,286 ‐ ‐ 1,286 PowellT AllenS 13 AODN UTAS UTAS 78 ‐ ‐ 78 GorringeP ProctorR Totals 12,515 817 4,648 17,980
APX E.1 NCRIS Financial Statements 174
NOTE D: OPERATORS ‐ reconciliation of funds advanced balance at end of reporting period Funding provided to the Operator Expenses reported by the Operator Total Operator Operator Funds to Funds Total Funds Expenses to Expenses Expenses to Balance at balance at Operator Leader Facility Sub‐Facility June 2009 2009/10 to June 2010 June 2009 2009/10 June 2010 June 2009 June 2010 CSIRO Wijffels 01 Argo 1,760,414 1,135,148 2,895,561 1,722,934 906,924 2,629,858 37,480 265,703 CSIRO Ridgway 02 SOOP 2a Underway Network 1,303,493 752,043 2,055,536 1,213,113 1,021,870 2,234,983 90,380 ‐179,447 AIMS Furnas 02 SOOP 2b Tropical Research Vessels 137,432 44,000 181,432 136,842 43,740 180,582 590 850 BOM Beggs 02 SOOP 2c SST Sensors 211,000 110,988 321,988 171,082 75,054 246,136 39,918 75,852 BOM Schulz 02 SOOP 2d Real‐time Air‐sea Fluxes 125,000 81,162 206,162 136,359 63,399 199,758 ‐11,359 6,404 BOM Schulz 03 DWM 3a Air‐Sea Flux Stations 212,070 706,556 918,626 192,006 824,949 1,016,955 20,064 ‐98,329 CSIRO Trull 03 DWM 3b Southern Ocean Time Series 224,293 236,000 460,293 171,773 243,581 415,354 52,520 44,939 UTAS Trull 03 DWM 3b Southern Ocean Time Series 344,549 116,594 461,143 UWA Pattiaratchi 04 Gliders 2,190,363 805,232 2,995,595 2,164,937 688,932 2,853,869 25,426 141,726 SIMS Williams 05 AUV 325,594 195,512 521,106 312,742 238,995 551,737 12,852 ‐30,631 AIMS Steinberg 06 Moorings 6a Queensland & Nthn Aust 1,326,731 668,023 1,994,754 1,489,400 494,767 1,984,167 ‐162,669 10,587 SIMS Roughan 06 Moorings 6b New South Wales 888,198 877,985 1,766,183 823,270 824,303 1,647,573 64,928 118,610 SARDI Middleton 06 Moorings 6c Southern Australia 1,685,334 649,465 2,334,799 1,655,296 642,805 2,298,101 30,038 36,698 CSIRO Feng 06 Moorings 6d Western Australia 933,383 417,893 1,351,276 1,084,924 314,700 1,399,624 ‐151,541 ‐48,348 CUT McCauley 06 Moorings 6e Acoustic Observatories 483,058 342,298 825,357 483,058 342,298 825,357 ‐ ‐ CSIRO Lynch 06 Moorings 6f National Reference Stations 1,812,533 691,057 2,503,590 2,020,033 474,145 2,494,178 ‐207,500 9,412 JCU Heron 07 ACORN 3,268,171 317,468 3,585,639 2,364,671 1,546,197 3,910,868 903,500 ‐325,229 SARDI Middleton 07 ACORN ‐ ‐ ‐ 72,502 ‐70,043 2,459 ‐72,502 ‐2,459 SIMS Harcourt 08 AATAMS 1,074,319 377,344 1,451,663 1,057,360 319,187 1,376,547 16,959 75,116 AIMS Bainbridge 09 FAIMMS 869,481 656,661 1,526,142 1,050,998 419,455 1,470,453 ‐181,517 55,689 UTAS Proctor 10 eMII 1,289,720 1,780,699 3,070,419 BOM Beggs 11 SRS 11a SST L2P Products 264,250 197,910 462,160 269,362 143,196 412,558 ‐5,112 49,602 CSIRO King 11 SRS 11b AODAAC 478,349 162,208 640,557 487,595 122,779 610,374 ‐9,246 30,183 GA Barr 11 SRS 11c.1 Hobart Ground Station 144,351 8,930 153,281 150,327 2,954 153,281 ‐5,976 ‐ AIMS Steinberg 11 SRS 11c.2 Townsville Ground Station 261,690 43,161 304,851 262,872 44,943 307,815 ‐1,182 ‐2,964 CSIRO Brando 11 SRS 11d Satellite Ocean Colour 481,861 133,014 614,875 521,519 176,415 697,934 ‐39,658 ‐83,059 UTAS Moltmann 12 Office 1,335,919 884,104 2,220,023 UTAS Proctor 13 AODN 85,486 203,322 288,808
Operator Funding Total 20,461,367 9,610,058 30,071,425 23,070,649 12,890,264 35,960,914 446,392 150,905
NOTE: The Funds column refers to amounts advanced by UTAS to the Operators. Hence the values for UTAS SOTS, eMII, Office and AODN are shown as zero.
APX E.1 NCRIS Financial Statements 175
APX E.2 EIF Financial Statements 176
NOTES TO THE IMOS‐EIF STATEMENT OF INCOME AND EXPENDITURE FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2010 NOTE A: EXPENDITURE A.1 DIISR EIF Funding 2009/10 2009/10 2009/10 Facility Sub‐Facility Operator Leader Budget Capital Personnel Operating Expenses Balance % Spent 01 Argo CSIRO Wijffels 1,800,000 790,800 22,485 299,759 1,113,044 686,956 62% 03 DWM 3c Deepwater Arrays CSIRO Sloyan 622,421 334,781 3,695 3,257 341,733 280,688 55% 04 Gliders UWA Pattiaratchi 1,500,000 1,227,278 ‐ 22,225 1,249,503 250,497 83% 06 Moorings 6a Queensland & Nthn Aust AIMS Steinberg 1,177,579 415,425 78,815 83,643 577,883 599,696 49% 06 Moorings 6b New South Wales SIMS Roughan 50,000 50,000 ‐ ‐ 50,000 ‐ 100% 06 Moorings 6c Southern Australia SARDI Middleton 50,000 50,000 ‐ ‐ 50,000 ‐ 100% 06 Moorings 6f National Reference Stations CSIRO Lynch 1,600,000 639,569 458,890 668,331 1,766,790 - 166,790 110% 08 AATAMS SIMS Harcourt 1,200,000 384,228 ‐ 13,730 397,958 802,042 33% DIISR NCRIS Funding Total 8,000,000 3,892,081 563,885 1,090,945 5,546,911 2,453,089 69%
A.2 Cash Co‐investment 2009/10 Capital / 2009/10 2009/10 Facility Sub‐Facility Operator Organisation Budget Equipment Personnel Operating Received Balance % R'cvd 08 AATAMS SIMS MacqUni ‐ ‐ ‐ 20,000 20,000 - 20,000 0% 08 AATAMS SIMS UTAS ‐ ‐ ‐ 35,500 35,500 - 35,500 0% Cash Co‐investment Total ‐ ‐ ‐ 55,500 55,500 - 55,500 0%
A.3 In‐kind Co‐investment 2009/10 Capital / 2009/10 2009/10 Facility Sub‐Facility Operator Organisation Budget Equipment Personnel Operating Received Balance % R'cvd 03 DWM 3c Deepwater Arrays CSIRO ‐ ‐ ‐ 3,502 3,502 - 3,502 0% 06 Moorings 6a Queensland & Nthn Aust AIMS ‐ ‐ 35,699 ‐ 35,699 - 35,699 0% 06 Moorings 6f National Reference Stations CSIRO ‐ ‐ ‐ 426,347 426,347 - 426,347 0% 08 AATAMS SIMS MacqUni ‐ ‐ 125,000 ‐ 125,000 - 125,000 0% 08 AATAMS SIMS UTAS ‐ ‐ ‐ 157,000 157,000 - 157,000 0% 08 AATAMS SIMS AAD ‐ ‐ ‐ 632,388 632,388 - 632,388 0% 08 AATAMS SIMS AIMS ‐ ‐ ‐ 180,000 180,000 - 180,000 0% 08 AATAMS SIMS AIMS@JCU ‐ ‐ ‐ 4,500 4,500 - 4,500 0% In‐kind Co‐investment Total ‐ ‐ 160,699 1,403,737 1,564,436 - 1,564,436 0%
Grand Total 8,000,000 3,892,081 724,584 2,550,182 7,166,847 833,153 90%
APX E.2 EIF Financial Statements 177
NOTE B ‐ CAPITAL ‐ Details of purchases Cash Co‐ In‐kind Co‐ Facility Sub Operator Organisation(s) DIISR invest invest Total Details 01 Argo CSIRO CSIRO 790,800 ‐ ‐ 790,800 46 Argo floats 03 DWM 3b CSIRO CSIRO 334,781 ‐ ‐ 334,781 Mooring instruments for ITF deep array 04 ANFOG UWA UWA 1,227,278 ‐ ‐ 1,227,278 Seagliders ‐ 3 for Coral Sea, 3 for Southern Ocean 06 Moorings 6a AIMS AIMS 415,425 ‐ ‐ 415,425 Mooring instruments for ITF shelf array 06 Moorings 6b SIMS SIMS 50,000 ‐ ‐ 50,000 ADCP for Port Hacking NRS upgrade 06 Moorings 6c SARDI SARDI 50,000 ‐ ‐ 50,000 ADCP for Kangaroo Island NRS upgrade Mooring instruments for Stradbroke shelf array, NRS 06 Moorings 6f CSIRO CSIRO 639,569 ‐ ‐ 639,569 ADCPs, CO2 mooring 08 AATAMS SIMS SIMS 384,228 ‐ ‐ 384,228 50 x CTD‐SRDLs; 64 x VR2 acoustic receivers Totals 3,892,081 ‐ ‐ 3,892,081
NOTE C ‐ PERSONNEL ‐ Full‐time equivalent (FTE) days for Persons working on IMOS Facilities FTE days by Source of Funding Cash Co‐ In‐kind Co‐ FTE Days Facility Sub Operator Organisation(s) DIISR invest invest Total Person(s) 03 DWM 3c CSIRO CSIRO 8 ‐ ‐ 8 AdamsP MarouchosA 04 Gliders UWA UWA 35 ‐ 5 40 HollingsB StanleyD PattiaratchiC 06 Moorings 6a AIMS AIMS 84 ‐ 38 122 BartlettCJ LuetchfordJE WilliamsDK SteinbergC BonhamP ComanF CritchleyG DeBoerP HughesD LathamV LynchT PetersonK TilbrookB NeillC 06 Moorings 6f CSIRO CSIRO 1,021 ‐ ‐ 1,021 ReynoldsS DandoB MooreD 08 AATAMS SIMS MacqUni ‐ ‐ 397 397 HarcourtR OosthuizenC ArthurB GwilliamJ 08 AATAMS SIMS UTAS/SARDI/CD ‐ ‐ 105 105 HindellM O'TooleM GoldsworthyS McMahonC 08 AATAMS SIMS SIMS ‐ ‐ 192 192 McDowellP HeupelM CappoM StowerM SimpfendorferC CurreyL 08 AATAMS SIMS AIMS/JCU ‐ ‐ 72 72 SchlaffA Totals 1,148 ‐ 809 1,957
APX E.2 EIF Financial Statements 178 List of Acronyms Acronym Full Title AAD Australian Antarctic Division AATAMS Australian Acoustic Tagging and Monitoring System (Facility 8) AATSR Advanced Along‐Track Scanning Radiometer DWM Deep Water Moorings (Facility 3) ABP Annual Business Plan ACCESS Australian Community Climate and Earth Systems Simulator ACCSP Australian Climate Change Science Programme ACECRC Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems Collaborative Research Centre ACFR Australian Centre for Field Robotics ACORN Australian Coastal Ocean Radar Network (Facility 7) ADCP Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler ADFA Australian Defence Force Academy AERONET‐OC A Network for the Validation of Ocean Color Primary Products AGU American Geophysical Union AIC Argo Information Centre AIMS Australian Institute of Marine Science ALA Atlas of Living Australia – NCRIS Capability Altimetry CalVal Altimetry Calibration and Validation (Sub‐Facility, SRS) AMOS Australian Meteorology and Oceanography Society AMSA Australian Marine Sciences Association ANDS Australian National Data Service ANFOG Australian National Facility for Ocean Gliders (Facility 4) ANMN Australian National Mooring Network (Facility 6) ANU Australian National University AO‐DAAC Australian Oceans [Remote Sensing Data] Distributed Active Archive Centre AODCJF Australian Ocean Data Centre Joint Facility AODN Australian Ocean Data Network APEX Autonomous Profiling Explorer Argo Floats ARC Australian Research Council ARC LIEF Australian Research Council Linkage Infrastructure, Equipment and Facilities ARCS Australian Research Collaboration Service Argo Argo Australia (Facility 1) ASFS Air‐Sea Flux Stations (Sub‐Facility, DWM) ASTEP Astrobiology Science and Technology for Exploring Planets AuScope NCRIS Capability for a National Earth Science Infrastructure Program AusCPR Australian Continuous Plankton Recorder AUV Autonomous Underwater Vehicle Facility (Facility 5) AVHRR Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer AVOF Australian Volunteer Observing Fleet AWI Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research AWS Automatic Weather Stations BGC Biogeochemical BIOS Basic Input/Output System BLUElink> Ocean Forecasting Australia ‐ project to deliver ocean forecasts in Australian region
APX F Acronym List 179 Acronym Full Title Bluewater Bluewater and Climate Node BoM Bureau of Meteorology CAML The Census of Antarctic Marine Life CAWCR Centre for Australian Weather and Climate Research CBIBS Chesapeake Bay Interpretive Buoy System CCAMLR Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources CDOM dissolved organic matter CDU Charles Darwin University CERF Commonwealth Environment Research Facilities CLIVAR Climate Variability and Predictability CMAR CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research CMST The Centre for Marine Science and Technology (based at CUT) CNRS National Center For Scientific Research France CODAR Brand name for equipment CPR Continuous Plankton Recorder CPU Central Processing Unit CRC Cooperative Research Centre CREON Coral Reef Environmental Observatory Network CSIRO Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation CSIRO ICT CSIRO Information and Communication Technologies CTD Conductivity Temperature Depth DA Deepwater Array (Sub‐Facility, DWM) DAAC Distributed Active Archive Centre DCCEE Department of Climate Change and Energy Efficiency DECCW Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water (NSW) DEH Department for Environment and Heritage (SA) DERM Department of Environment and Resource Management (QLD) DEWHA Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts DIISR Department of Innovation, Industry, Science and Research DPI Department of Primary Industries (QLD) DPIPWE Department of Primary Industries, Parks, Water and Environment (TAS) DSTO Department of Defence (Defence Science and Technology Organisation) EAC Eastern Australian Current EGU European Geosciences Union EIF Education Investment Fund eMII electronic Marine Information Infrastructure (Facility 10) ENSO El Niño‐Southern Oscillation EnviSat Environmental Satellite EPA Vic Environment Protection Authority Victoria ERS‐2 European Remote‐Sensing Satellite‐2 eRSA eResearch South Australia EuroGOOS European Global Ocean Observing System FAIMMS Facility for Automated Intelligent Monitoring of Marine Systems (Facility 9) FRDC Fisheries Research & Development Corporation ftp file transfer protocol
APX F Acronym List 189 Acronym Full Title GA Geoscience Australia GAMSSA Global Australian Multi‐Sensor SST Analysis GBR Great Barrier Reef GBRMPA Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority GBROOS Great Barrier Reef Ocean Observing System (Node) GCOS Global Ocean and Climate Observing System GDACs Global Data Assembly Centres GHRSST Group for High Resolution SST GHRSST‐PP Global High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature Pilot Project (UK ) GLOBEC Global Ocean Ecosystem Dynamics GO General Oceanics GODAE Global Ocean Data Assimilation Experiment GOOS Global Ocean Observing System GOSUD Global Ocean Surface Underway Data GSFC Goddard Space Flight Centre GTOPP Global Tagging of Pelagic Predators GTS Global Telecommunications System GTSPP Global Temperature‐Salinity Profile Program GUI Graphical User Interface HRPT High Resolution Picture Transmission I&I NSW Industry & Investment NSW IAST International Argo Steering Team ICOADS International Comprehensive Ocean‐Atmosphere Data Set ICON Integrated Coral Observing Network IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers IFREMER French national institute of marine research IGBS International Geosphere‐Biosphere ILTER International Longterm Ecological Research IMDIS International Conference on Marine Data and Information Systems IMOS Integrated Marine Observing System INSTANT International Nusantara Stratification And Transport IOC Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission IODE International Oceanographic Data and Information Exchange IOOS Integrated Ocean Observing System – US IP Camera Internet protocol camera ISO International Standards Organisation ISSNIP Intelligent Sensors, Sensor Networks and Information Processing Network ITF Indonesian Through Flow iVEC Interactive Virtual Environments Centre IWC International Whaling Commission JAMSTEC Japan Agency for Marine‐Earth Science and Technology JCU James Cook University L2P GHRSST‐PP Level‐2 Pre‐processed data format for satellite sea surface temperature L3P GHRSST‐PP Level‐3 Pre‐processed data format for satellite sea surface temperature LAN Local Area Network
APX F Acronym List 181 Acronym Full Title LJCO Lucinda Jetty Coastal Observatory (Sub‐Facility, SRS) LNA Low Noise Amplifier MACDDAP Marine and Climate Data Discovery and Access Project MEOP Marine Mammals Exploring the Oceans Pole to Pole MEST Metadata Entry and Search Tool MHL Manly Hydraulics Laboratory (NSW) MISA Marine Innovation South Australia MNF Marine National Facility (NSW) MODIS Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectro‐radiometer MPA Marine Protected Area MQ Macquarie University MRU Motion Reference Unit MTSAT‐1R Japan’s Multi‐functional Transport Satellite MTSRF Marine and Tropical Sciences Research Facility NAOS Northern Australian Observing System NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration NAVOCEANO Naval Oceanographic Office NCDC National Climatic Data Centre NCEP National Centres for Environmental Prediction NCRIS National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy NDSF National Deep Submergence Facility NeAT National eResearch Architecture Taskforce netCDF Network Common Data Form NIES National Institute of Environmental Science NIWA National Institute of Water and Atmosphere Research, New Zealand NOAA National Oceans and Atmospheric Administration (USA) NOCS National Oceanography Centre, Southampton (UK) NODC National Oceanographic Data Center NRETA Ningaloo Reef Ecosystem Tracking Array NRM National Resource Management NRS National Reference Station mooring NSIP Node Science and Implementation Plan NSW‐IMOS New South Wales Integrated Marine Observing System (Node) NWS National Weather Service OceanMAPS Ocean Modeling and Prediction System OceanSITES Ocean Sustained Interdisciplinary Timeseries Environment observation System OPeNDAP Open‐source Project for a Network Data Access Protocol ORG Optical Rain Gauge ORS Ocean Reference Station OSD group Ocean Sensor Deployment group (CMAR) OSTIA Operational Sea Surface Temperature and Sea Ice Analysis OTN Ocean Tracking Network PAR Photosynthetically Active Radiation PIES Pressure Inverted Echo Sounder PIRVic Primary Industries Research Victoria
APX F Acronym List 182 Acronym Full Title PMEL Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory PO.DAAC Physical Oceanography Distributed Active Archive Center is located at the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) POAMA Predictive Ocean Atmosphere Model for Australia POST Pacific Ocean Shelf Tracking PULSE Brand name for equipment QA Quality Assurance QC Quality Control QIMOS Queensland Integrated Marine Observing System (Node) Qld DPI Queensland Department of Primary Industries QMS Quantitative Marine Science (UTAS postgraduate course) RAMSSA Regional Australian Multi–Sensor SST analysis RAN Royal Australian Navy (Directorate of Oceanography and Meteorology) SAHFOS Sir Alister Hardy Foundation for Ocean Science SAIMOS South Australian Integrated Marine Observing System (Node) SAMOS Shipboard Automated Meteorological and Oceanographic System SARDI South Australian Research and Development Institute SAZ Sub‐Antarctic Zone SCAR Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research SCOR WG Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research Working Group SeaWiFS Sea‐viewing Wide Field‐of‐view Sensor SEMAT Smart Environmental Monitoring and Analysis Technologies SENSEI Integrating the Physical with the Digital World of the Network of the Future SEQ South East Queensland SIMS Sydney Institute of Marine Science SIO Scripps Institute of Oceanography (USA) SLAM Simultaneous Localization And Mapping SMHI Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute SOCAT Surface Ocean Carbon Dioxide Atlas SOFS Southern Ocean Flux Station Meteorological Mooring SOLAS Surface Ocean Lower Atmosphere Study SOOP Enhanced Measurement from Ships of Opportunity (Facility 2) SOOS Southern Ocean Observing System SOPAC Secretariat of the Pacific Islands Applied Geoscience Commission SOSS Seals as Oceanographic Samplers SOTS Southern Ocean Time Series (Sub‐Facility, DWM) SPICE Southwest Pacific ocean circulation and Climate Experiment SRS Satellite Remote Sensing (Facility 11) SS Southern Surveyor SSH Sea Surface Height SSOS Southern Seals as Oceanographic Samplers SST Sea Surface Temperature SW Sydney Water T/S Temperature/Salinity TAFI Tasmanian Aquaculture and Fisheries Institute
APX F Acronym List 183 Acronym Full Title TasIMOS Tasmanian Integrated Marine Observing System (Node) TERN Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network TERSS Tasmanian Earth Resources Satellite Station TO Technical Officer TOPP Tagging of Pacific Predators TPAC Tasmanian Partnership for Advanced Computing TSG thermosalinograph UNCLOS United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation UNSW University of New South Wales UPS Uninterruptible Power Source UQ University of Queensland US NODC United States National Oceanographic Data Center US NSF United States National Science Foundation USGS United States Geological Survey US‐IOOS United States – Integrated Ocean Observing System USyd University of Sydney UTAS University of Tasmania UTS University of Technology Sydney UWA University of Western Australia Vic DPI Victoria Department Primary Industries VOS Volunteer Observing Ships WA Mus Western Australia Museum WAIMOS Western Australia Integrated Marine Observing System (Node) WAMSI Western Australia Marine Science Institute WERA Brand name for equipment WHOI Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute WMO World Meteorological Organisation WMO‐GTS World Meteorological Organisations Global Telecommunications System WMO‐VOS World Meteorological Organisation Volunteer Observing Ships Programme WMS Web Map Services WQM Water Quality Monitor XBT Expendable bathy‐thermograph
APX F Acronym List 184