Freycinet National Park, Wye River State Reserve Management Plan

2000

Parks and Wildlife Service

Parks and Service

DeptU-trn&nt i)/Primary ;ric. L;stries, Water liiui En\ iroiiment

Freycinet National Park, Wye River State Reserve Management Plan

2000

Parks and VITildUfe Service ^^SMAAf^

Parks and Wildlife Service Department of Primary Industries/ Water and Environment Freycinet National Park and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

FREYCINET NATIONAL PARK, WYE RIVER STATE RESERVE MANAGEMENTPLAN 2000

This management plan for the Freycinet National Park and the Wye River State Reserve has been prepared in accordance with the requirements of Part IV of the National Parks and Wildlife Act 1970. A draft of this plan was released for public comment from 3 June2000 to 28 July 2000.

Unless otherwise specified, this plan adopts the interpretation of terms given in Section 3 of the National Parks and Wildlife Act 1970. The term "Minister" when used in the plan means the Minister administering the Act. The term "Park" refers to the Freycinet National Park. The term "Reserve" refers to the Wye River State Reserve.

In accordancewith Section23(l)(a) of the NationalParks and Wildlife Act 1970, the managing authority for the Park and the Reserve, in this case the Director of National Parks and Wildlife, is to manage them in accordance with this management plan.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Many people have assisted in the preparation of this plan by providing information and comments on earlier drafts. Their time and effort is gratefully acknowledged.

APPROVAL

This management plan was approved by His Excellency the Govemor-in- Council on 2 October 2000 and took effect on 15 November 2000, being seven days after publication of that approval in the Government Gazette.

ISBN 0 7246 2130X

© Parks and Wildlife Service, Department of Primary Industries/ Water and Environment, 2000

Published by Parks and Wildlife Service, Department of Prmiary Industries, Water and Environment GPOBox44A 7001

11 FreycinetNational Park and Wye River StateReserve, ManagementPlan 2000

Summa

FreycinetNational Park is important for nature conservationdue to its varietyof landscape, vegetation communities and correspondingly diverse fauna. It is well protected geographically and is large enough to include areas for both conservation and recreation. The impressive granite peaks/ spectacular cliffs and long sandy beaches of Freycmet National Park are appreciated by locals and visitors to the State alike. It is important for cultural heritage conservation due to the extensive evidence of Aboriginal occupation and European occupation. Aboriginalsites include shell middens/ rock quarries, rock shelters/ stone artefacts and possibly a rock painting. European sites include huts/ mining sites/ bay whaling stations and shipwrecks.

Freycmet National Park is one of the most popular parks in Tasmania for tourists and locals alike/ known for its scenic beauty/ accessibility, pleasant weather and wide range of recreational opportunities.

The Wye River State Reserve was created to protect communities and threatened flora species.

The management plan provides for conservation of the values of the Park and the Reserve. Particularly m the case of Freycinet National Park, the plan also provides for visitor accessand facilities.

To these ends, the managementplan:

zones the Park and Reserve to take account of different features and values and direct and manage visitor activities and impacts;

focuses on conservation of threatened and priority flora and fauna species and communities with Comprehensive, Adequate and Representative (CAR) or National Estate values;

protects Aboriginal and historic heritage features and values;

in the Park, identifies key locations for provision of visitor facilities and services m Visitor Services Zones at Coles Bay, Whitewater Wall and Isaacs Pomt;

gives priority to improving visitor facilities and services, particularly interpretation and short walks/in the ColesBay Visitor ServicesZone; and

promotes the Park as an important visitor destination on Tasmania's east coast.

m Freycinet National Park and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

Contents

Introduction 1 1.1 An Overview of the Park and the Reserve 1 1. 1. 1 Locationand RegionalContext 1 1. 1.2 Climate 1 1. 1.3 Importance of the Park and Reserve 1 1.2 Creation of the Park and the Reserve 2 1.2. 1 Reservation History 2 1.2.2 Area and Boundaries 4

The Vision and Objectives for the Park and the Reserve 8 2.1 The Vision for the Park and the Reserve 8 2. 1. 1 The Vision 8 2. 1.2 Achievingthe Vision 8 2.2 Purposes and Objectives of National Parks 9 2.3 Purposes and Objectives of State Reserves 9 2.4 Specific Park and Reserve Objectives 10 2.5 ManagementZones 11

Park and Reserve Conservation 18 3. 1 Geodiversity 18 3. 2 Natural Landscape and Water Quality 19 3.3 Flora 20 3. 4 Fauna 22 3.5 Aboriginal and Historic Heritage 25 3.5. 1 Aboriginal Heritage 25 3.5.2 Historic Heritage 26 3.5.3 Cultural Landscape 28

Park and Reserve Protection 30 4. 1 Fire Management 30 4.2 Introduced Pests and Diseases 32 4.2. 1 Introduced Fauna 32 4.2.2 Introduced Flora 33 4. 2. 3 Diseases 34 4.3 Soil Conservation and Erosion Control 35 4.4 ManagingVisitor Impacts 36 4. 5 Managing Development 37

Tourism and Recreation 39 5.1 Understandingthe Park and Reserve Visit 39 5. 2 Promoting the Park and Reserve 39 5. 3 Interpretation and Education 40 5.4 Access 42 5.4.1 BoatingAccess 42 5.4. 2 Air Access 43 5. 4. 3 Vehicular Access 43 5.4.4 Walking Access 45 5.4.5 Bicycle Access 47 5.4.6 Horse Access 47

IV FreycinetNational Park and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

5.5 DevelopingFacilities and Services 49 5.5. 1 Coles Bay Visitor ServicesZone 50 5. 5. 2 Isaacs Point Visitor Services Zone 51 5.5.3 Whitewater Wall Visitor Services Zone 51 5.5.4 Recreation Zone 53 5.5.5 Conservation Zone 53 5.5.6 Wye River State Reserve 54 5.5.7 AssessingDevelopment Proposals 54

Involving the Community 56 6. 1 Community Support 56 6. 2 Working with Neighbours 56

Other Issues 57 7.1 Boundaries 57 7. 2 Leases, Licences and Authorities 57 7. 3 Statutory Powers 58 7.4 Research and Monitoring 59 7.5 Administration 60 7.5. 1 Implementation 60 7. 5. 2 Search and Rescue, First Aid 61 7. 5. 3 Enforcement 61

Glossary and Abbreviations 62

References 64

Appendices 67 Appendix 1 Flora of Freycinet National Park 67 Appendix 1B Flora of Wye River State Reserve 83 Appendix 2 KnownLand Vertebrates (ExcludingBirds) Of Freycinet NationalPark 92 Appendix 3 Birds Of Freycinet National Park environs 94 Appendix 4 Performance Indicators 96

Maps

Map 1 Location 3 Map2A Park Boundaries (Northern Part) 5 Map 2B Park Boundaries (Southern Part) 6 Map 3 Boundaries (Wye River State Reserve) 7 Map 4A ManagementZones (Northern Part) 13 Map 4B ManagementZones (Southern Part) 15 Map 5 Visitor Services Zones 16 Map 6 Management Zones (Wye River State Reserve) 17 Map 7 Horse Trails 48

Tables Table 1 Management Zones - Freycinet National Park and Wye River State Reserve 12 Table 2 Summaryof Permitted Facilities/Services, and Activities in FreycinetNational Park and Wye River State Reserve by ManagementZone 52

v Freycinet NationalPark and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

VI Freycinet National Park and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

1 Introduction

1.1 An Overview of the Park and 1.1.3 Importance of the Park and the Reserve the Reserve FreycinetNational Park is similar to a CategoryII Protected Area in the 1.1.1 Locationand Regional Context categorisation system of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature Freycmet National Park is located on the east (IUCN). CategoryII reserves are protected coast of Tasmania, stretching from Bicheno areasmanaged mainly for ecosystem in the north to Schouten in the south protection and recreation. (see Map 1). The Park includes impressive granite peaks/ forested hills, spectacular Wye River State Reserve is similar to a cliffs and long sandybeaches. CategoryIII Protected Area in the categorisation system of the IUCN. The Park combines a coastal location with Category III reserves are protected areas significant environmental values, scenic managed mainly for conservation of specific beauty, accessibility,pleasant weather and a natural features. wide range of recreational opportunities. Consequently, FreycinetNational Park is a The geology of Freycinet NationalPark is of key element of the tourism industry in the scientific mterest as it contains features from east coast region, attracting more visitors many geologicalages, includingsome than any other nationalpark in the State recognised to have NationalEstate values. outside the World Heritage Area. The geologicalattributes of the Park are also of significant scenic interest. The Wye River State Reserve lies about 3 kilometres to the east of Lake Leake(see Map In much of the Park and the Reserve, 1). The Reserve is not a significant focus of biodiversity is high and m a relatively tourism and recreation activity. natural state. The Park and Reserve are substantially free of pollution of air, land, 1.1.2 Climate and water. Freycinet National Park protects National Estate recognised wilderness Lyingm the State's rain shadow, the climate values. Both the Park and the Reserve have at Freycinet is mild and dry most of the year. National Estate values as natural landscape. The annual average rainfall recorded m the Park at the ranger station since 1985 is 730 The Park'snative vegetation consists of a mm/ though very high rainfall in 1985 and great diversity of predominantly dry 1986 may have made this figure not truly sclerophyll plant communities, heathlands representative. The prevailing winds are and coastalvegetation. There are also small generally from the north-west from October areas of wet eucalypt . Wye River to March, and from the north-east from April State Reserve is predominantly dry to September. sclerophyll forest with some areas of wet eucalypt forest and in the north areas of Bureau of Meteorology records from Oyster Bay pine forest. Swansea show the temperature in January/ the warmest month/ ranges from a mean Plant communities in the Park and Reserve daily maximum of 22.2°C to a mean daily have high conservation value. This is due to minimum of 11.3°C. In July, the coldest the presence of specieslisted in the month, temperatures range from a mean Threatened SpeciesProtection Act 1995, dailymaximum of 13.0°C to a mean daily forest communities with Comprehensive, minimum of 3.4°C. Adequate and Representative (CAR) Freycinet NationalPark and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000 values, and forest and other flora 1.2 Creation of the Park and the communities and species with a range of Reserve National Estate values.

The Park is valuable for wildlife conservation and provides key faunahabitat 1.2.1 Reservation History for threatened species. As early as 1900, the Use of the Park by Aborigines and was urged to protect the and SchoutenIsland as public reserves. One Europeans has left a series of sites, buildmgs, letter said: relics/ cultural landscapes and records which form a cultural resource and provide source "... Withthe progress ofsettlement in Tasmania, material for educative and interpretive as elsewhere, the indigenous plant and animal life programs. of the country is almost certain to be largely destroyed, and it seems desirable that a small The Aboriginal sites and areas in the Park portion of the country should bereserved for their are particularly diverse, withboth coastal perpetuation. Such reservation may be of and inland sites, generallywell preserved. importance directly or indirectly to all classes of the community, to men of science, tourists, in No Aboriginalor Europeanheritage of some instances to the commercial world, and significancehas been identified in the Wye lastly, to those who are simply intelligently River State Reserve. However/ it is likely curious. " (James D. Barrel's letter of 10 that Aboriginalsites may occur there. February 1903 to the Tasmanian Minister of Lands). The Park provides an attractive tourism and recreational setting. Much of the Park is On 11 January 1906, all of the Crown land on characterised by natural quiet and a relaxed Freycinet Peninsula and was coastal atmosphere. This is a very significant proclaimed a game preserve under Section 3 element of the Park's value and character. of The Game Protection Act 1905 for a period Near Coles Bay/ the Park is muchbusier, of five years to protect all kangaroo, deer receiving the majority of all Parkvisitors. and possum from capturing, hunting and killing. The principal recreational uses of the Park are camping and walking. Its coastline and On 29 August 1916, Freycinet Peninsula and surroundingwaters are also popular for SchoutenIsland were gazetted Scenic sightseeing, rock climbmg, boating/ fishing/ Reserves under the Scenery Preservation Act szirfing, diving, photographyand nature 1915, making Freycinet National Park one of study. the oldest nationalparks m Tasmania.

Wye River State Reserve provides limited On 29 January1992, an area of 1 920 recreational opportunities. hectares, including the FriendlyBeaches, was added to Freycinet National Park. The Park provides an excellent opportunity for educationand interpretation and is an As a result of recommendations of the educationalresource for a wide variety of Regional Forest Agreement/ an additional school and community groups. 4873 hectares was added to the Park on 30 April 1999. The area that constituted the Park prior to its extension in 1992 is listed on the register of Wye River State Reserve, which combines the National Estate. the former Bluemans Creek State Reserve and Wye River-Bluemans Creek State The area of the Wye River State Reserve that Reserve, was proclaimed by Statutory Rule was formerly Bluemans Creek State Reserve 2000, No 43, gazetted and effective from 31 is listed on the register of the National May2000. Estate. Freycinet National Park Wye River State Reserve ^

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Hobart Freycinet National Park and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

1.2.2 Area and Boundaries Wye River State Reserve has an area of some 2682 hectares. The boundaries of the Freycinet NationalPark comprises a total Reserve are set out on CPR Nos 2965 and area of some 16 803 hectares and includes 4355. Freycinet Peninsula, SchoutenIsland and nearby offshore and rocks extending m The Park and Reserve are within the each case to the low water mark. The Park Municipality of Glamorgan-SpringBay. extends in the north as far as Harveys Farm Road and includes Cape Tourville, Bluestone Bay and the Friendly Beaches north to Cape Lodi(see Map 1A). It is a coastalpark approximately48 kilometres long (includmg SchoutenIsland) by up to 6 kilometres wide, bounded by , State Forest and freehold land to the west and the to the east.

Within the Park, but excluded from it, are 5.67 hectares at Parsons Cove known as The Fisheries, originally granted to C. Meredith in 1841. This now subdivided freehold land hasbecome a holidayvillage.

Three parcels of Crown land located within the Parkbetween Coles Bay and are also excluded from it (see Map 2). A four hectare mining lease near Parsons Cove expired in 1997. Red granite was quarried intermittently at very low levels of production from this lease. Another mming lease on 2.02 hectares of Crown land straddling the old walkingtrack to Mt Amos and including a road easementwas never worked and expired in 1994. A third lease of 4.04 hectares, located on the hillside above , expired in 1983 but the land is still excluded from the Park.

Approximately4. 53 hectares (plan LM 6976) between Richardsons Beach and Honeymoon Bay are leased to Freycmet LodgeTasmania Pty Ltd under the National Parksand Wildlife Act 1970to provide tourist accommodationm the Park. The 99-year lease and licence to operate expire in 2053. The Youth Hostel Association of Tasmania holds an annually renewable lease on an area of 2.02 hectares between the granite quarry and The Fisheries.

The boundaries of the Park are set out on plan nzimber LM 51, and CPRPlan No 2355 (LD 1303), CPRPlan No 4307, CPRPlan No 4308, and CPR Plan No 4309, registered in the Central Plan Office, Department of Primary Industries/ Water and Environment. Freycinet National Park - Northern Part Map 2A PARK BOUNDARIES

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-^ Kr"x . Freycinet National Parkand Wye River State Reserve, ManagementPlan 2000 The Vision and Objectives for the Park and the Reserve

2.1 The Vision for the Park and materials which add to their experience, the Reserve appreciationand understandingof the Park. Visitors pursue recreation based on the features and values of the Park, without The vision for the Park and the Reserve gives disturbing or detracting from the a picture of how they will be in the future experiences of other visitors. and provides direction to management. The vision helps avoid inappropriate There are well designed,high quality development and management, and the recreation and tourism facilities and services "tyranny of small decisions", guiding which are discretely located in carefully managementnot just for the short term/ but delineated areas and do not threaten the for the benefit of future generations. environmental, heritage or recreational values of the Park. 2. 1. 1 The Vision Wye River State Reserve Freycinet National Park A visitor to the Reserve finds healthy natural A visitor to the Park finds healthynatural biodiversity/ and viable populations of all biodiversity, and viable populations of all indigenous species. Ecological processes indigenousspecies. Ecologicalprocesses and systems have a highnatural integrity. and systems have a highnatural integrity. Landforms are undisturbed and the air, land Landforms are undisturbed and the atr, land and water are unpolluted. and water are unpoUuted. The Aboriginal and historic heritage of the The Aboriginaland historic heritageof the Reserve is identified,protected and Park is identified/protected and explained. explained.

FreycinetNational Park is managedfor large Visitors enjoy the Reserve for its peaceful numbers of visitors of diverse backgrounds, atmosphere and appreciate the scenic interests and abilities. In Tasmania, it has a natural landscapes. reputation as a family park offering a wide range of recreational opportunities. At the There are simple, well designed/ discretely same time/ the Park attracts many interstate located visitor information/ access and toilet and overseas visitors and is renowned for its facilities which do not threaten the qualities. environmental, heritage or recreational values of the Reserve. Visitors enjoy the Park for its history, its relaxed and peaceful atmosphere, for the 2. 1.2 Achieving The Vision variety of its beautiful coastlines and landforms, and for its flora and fauna. They This managementplan sets out how the appreciate the ready contactwith the natural vision for the Park and the Reserves will be features and processes and scenic achieved. To check the effectiveness of the landscapes. managementplan in doingthis/ indicators can be used to evaluate implementation of The features and values of the Park are the plan and to check if the vision and presented to visitors in high quality management objectives have been achieved. interpretation and educationprograms and Freycinet NationalPark and Wye River StateReserve, Management Plan 2000

Review the plan ten years after its a guide, the sections of the managementplan approval, or sooner if circumstances whichprimarily deal with eachmanagement show this to be needed. objective in the Act are shownin brackets below. In the review of the plan, evaluate implementation of the management The management objectives of nationalparks prescriptions and their effectiveness in are: achievingthe management objectives of the plan. to conserve natural biological diversity (Sections 3.3 and 3.4); As a minunum, use the performance to conserve geological diversity (Section indicators set out in Appendix 4 when 3. 1); evaluating the plan's implementation to preserve the quality of water and and outcomes. protect catchments (Section 3.2); to conserve sites or areas of cultural Utilise any relevant, additional significance(Section 3. 5); monitoring and evaluationprocedures to encourage educationbased on the developed during the period of the plan purpose of reservation and the natural or when evaluating the plan's culhiral values of the national park, or implementation and outcomes. both (Section 5.3); to encourage research/ particularly that whichfurthers the purpose of 2. 2 Purposes and Objectives of reservation (Section 7.4); National Parks to protect the national park against, and rehabilitate the nationalpark following, adverse impacts such as those of fire, introduced species/ diseases and soil National parks are a class of reserved land erosion on the nationalpark's natural under the National Parksand Wildlife Act and cultural values and on assets within 1970. They are large natural areas of land and adjacent to the national park containinga representative or ozitstandmg (Sections 2. 5, 4, and 5.5. 7); sample of major natural regions/ features or to encourage and provide for tourism/ scenery. recreational use and enjoyment consistent with the conservation of the Purposes national park's natural and cultural values (Section 5 and 7.2); The purposes of reservation of national to encourage cooperative management parks/ as set out in the NationalParks and programs with Aboriginal people in WildlifeAct 1970, are the protection and areas of significanceto them in a manner maintenance of the natural and cultural consistentwith the purpose of values of the area of land while providing reservation and the other management for ecologically sustainable recreation objectives (Section3. 5. 1); consistent with conserving those values. to preserve the natural, primitive and FreycinetNational Park is reserved for these remote character of wilderness areas purposes. (Section 2.5 and 5.5.5).

Objectives

The objectives of national parks are set out in 2.3 Purposes and Objectives of the National Parks and Wildlife Act 1970 (see State Reserves below) All of the general objectives set out in the Act apply to Freycinet NationalPark. Because of the complex mterrelationship of State reserves are a class of reserved land factors in conserving and protecting the under the National Parks and Wildlife Act Park's values/ the management plan as a 2970. They are areas of land containing any whole specifies the reasons these objectives of the following: apply and the manner in whichthe significantnatural landscapes; objectives will be achieved. Nevertheless, as natural features; Freycinet NationalPark and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

sites, objects or places of significanceto reservation and the other management Aboriginalpeople. objectives (Section3. 5. 1); to encourage educationbased on the Purposes purpose of reservation and the natural or cultural values of the State reserve/ or The purposes of reservation of State both (Section 5.3); reserves/ as set out in the National Parks and to encourageresearch/ particularly that WildlifeAct 1970, are the protection and whichhirthers the purposes of maintenance of any one or more of the reservation (Section 7.4); following: to protect the State reserve against, and (a) the natural and cultural values of the rehabilitate the State reserve following, area of land; adverse impacts such as those of fire/ (b) sites, objects or places of significanceto introduced species, diseases and soil Aboriginalpeople contained in that area erosion on the State reserve's natural and of land; cultural values and on assets within and (c) use of the area of land by Aboriginal adjacent to the State reserve (Sections people, 2.5, 4, and 5.5. 7); while providing for ecologically sustainable to encourage tourism/ recreational use recreationconsistent with conserving any of and enjoyment consistent with the the things referred to in paragraph (a), (b) conservation of the State reserve's and (c) as applicable. Wye River State natural and cultural values (Sections 5 Reserve is reserved for purposes (a) and (b) and 7.2). while providing for ecologically sustainable recreation consistent with (a) and (b). 2.4 Specific Park and Reserve Objectives Ob'ectives

The objectives of State reserves are set out m the NationalParks and Wildlife Act 1970 (see To maintain the Park and Reserve values/ below) All of the general objectives for State and to achieve the visions for them/ specific reserves set out in the Act apply to Wye River State Reserve. Because of the complex objectives are set out below. These interrelationship of factors in conserving and objectives are fundamental to the long term protecting the Reserve's values, the protection of the Park and the Reserve. They managementplan as a whole specifies the underpin sustainable recreational and reasons these objectives apply and the tourism use. manner in which the objectives will be achieved. Nevertheless, as a guide, the These objectives are consistent with the sections of the management plan which generalmanagement objectives for national primarily deal with eachmanagement parks and State reserves. They elaborate objective in the Act are shownin brackets upon and give emphasis to them m the light below. of the particular features, circumstances, issues and values whichprevail in the Park and the Reserve, as described or identified in The management objectives of State reserves are: this management plan. The context makes clear to whichreserve the objectives apply. to conserve natural biological diversity Whereno particular category of reserve is (Sections 3.3 and 3.4); mentioned then the objectives apply to both of them. to conserve geologicaldiversity (Section 3. 1); to preserve the quality of water and . Conserve threatened and priority flora protect catchments (Section 3.2); species, plant communities with CAR values and other communities of to conserve sites or areas of cultural significance (Section 3. 5); conservation significance/ National Estate flora values/ and natural flora to encourage cooperative management programs with Aboriginal people in diversity. areas of significance to them m a manner consistent with the purpose of . Conserve threatened and priority fauna

10 FreycinetNational Parkand Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

species, habitats of conservation Policies significance.National Estate fauna values/ and natural fauna diversity. . Five management zones are designated for Freycmet National Park (refer to Conserve natural landscapesand sites of Maps 4A and 4B): geoconservation and National Estate significance. 1. Coles Bay Visitor Services Zone 2. Isaacs Point Visitor Services Zone Protect and retain the recreational and 3. WMtewater Wall Visitor Services tourism character of the Park and Zone Reserve. 4. Recreation Zone 5. Conservation Zone Enrichvisitor experiences of Park and Reserve values through educationand . Two management zones are designated interpretation. for Wye River State Reserve (refer to Map 6): Develop public understanding of the values and goals for management of the 1. Recreation Zone Park and Reserve. 2. Conservation Zone

. Tourism and recreation facilities and 2.5 Mana ement Zones services in each Zone or Site will be limited to those provided for in Section 5 of this management plan. Different conditions prevail in different areas of the Park or Reserve. To assist management of these differing conditions/ managementzones or sites havebeen designatedto provide for visitor use and take account of and protect Park and Reserve values. By zoningfor management purposes, more specificmanagement objectives can dealwith the localised values and character within each zone or site.

Some offshore and rocks of the Park are seasonallyrestricted areas to whichthe public does not have a general right of access (see Section5. 4).

Objectives - Zoning

. Take account of localised features/ conditions/ and values; . Ensure substantial areas of the Park and Reserve are undisturbed; . Protect and enhancenational park and State reserves values by concentrating and directing tourism and recreation development to designatedlocations; and . Provide a range of recreational and tourism opporhmities consistent with the values of the national park and State reserves.

11 FreycinetNational Park and WyeRiver StateReserve, ManagementPlan 2000

Table 1 Management Zones - Freycinet National Park and Wye River State Reserve

ZONE & LOCATION VALUESAND USE OBJECTIVES

Coles Bay This Zone serves as the principal protect/ maintain and Visitor Services Zone visitor services area in the Park and monitor environmental and The Visitor Services is most heavilyused by visitors. heritage features and values; Zone is generally The Zone is also the main location protect/ maintain and located along the road of management facilities and monitor the recreational and betweenColes Bay and services. The concentration of tourism character; the WmeglassBay development and use in this zone provide recreational and walkingtrack carpark. minimises impact m more sensitive tourism opportunities It includes the entrance areas of the Park. The priority in consistent with the above area, visitor facilities this Zone is to provide a range of objectives; and along Richardsons high quality visitor services and provide the principal visitor Beach, and Honeymoon facilities while minimising impacts and management services Bay (See Map 5). on the area's values. (See Map 4). and facilities for the Park.

Whitewater Wall The Zone includes cliffs and rock protect, maintain and Visitor Services Zone faceswhich are very popular with monitor environmental This Zone stretches climbers. A campgroundwith features and values; from Little Bluestone toilet is provided and rehabilitation protect/ maintain and Bay around Whitewater work has been undertaken in monitor the recreational and Wall to Bluestone Bay conjunction with climbers and tourism character; (See Map 5) other users. The priority for this provide a limited range of Zone is to provide visitors with recreational and tourism relatively low key facilities and opportunities consistent with retain the recreational character in the above objectives; and approximately its current state provide limited visitor while ensuring other values are services and facilities. maintained.

Isaacs Point The Zone is a day visitor and protect, maintain and Visitor Services Zone camping destinationand provides monitor environmental and This Zone extends from access to the Friendlybeaches. heritagefeatures and values; where the Friendly The priority for the Zone is to protect, maintain and Beaches road reaches provide a similar range of facilities monitor the recreational and the coast northwards to and services to those currently tourism character; IsaacsPoint (See Map provided but upgrade them to provide a limited range of 5). improve their quality andbetter recreational and tourism protect the values of the area. opportunities consistentwith the above objectives; and provide limited visitor services and facilities.

12 Freydnet National Park - Northern Part Map 4A MANAGEMENT ZONES

Visitor Services Zone

Recreation Zone

Conservation Zone

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Hepbum Point Freycinet National Park and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan2000

Table 1 (cant.)

ZONE & LOCATION VALUESAND USE OB ECTIVES

Recreation Zone The Zone comprises those areas of protect/ maintain and In the Freycinet the Parkwhere camping and monitor environmental and National Park, the walkingopportunities are heritagefeatures and values; Recreation Zone provided at a more basiclevel than and includes the Wineglass m the Visitor Services Zone. It is provide for low impact/ low Bay Track, all of the chiefly a corridor for recreational density, non-intrusive walkingtracks and travel and access to beaches, other recreational use and camping areas on the natural features, and heritage enjoyment of the area. peninsula and two areas. It also provides for low key, public huts. The Cape nature based beach recreation. In Tourville Road to the Wye River State Reserve, the Sleepy Bay and beyond RecreationZone is chiefly an access is included in this zone, corridor. The priority for the Zone Where indicated on the is to conserve its natural and maps, the Recreation cultural values while allowing low Zone includes key/ low impact recreation. approximately 50 metres each side of walkingtracks and roads, and extends along the roads open for public access in the Wye River State Reserve (See Map 6).

Conservation Zone This Zone covers the more remote conserve the natural All of the remoter areas and rugged parts of the Park,a integrity of the Zone; of the Park outside of substantiallyundisturbed conserve the diversity of the Recreation and landscape with important plant and animal species and Visitor Services Zone environmental values. There are communities; are included in the important Aborigmal and historic conserve heritagevalues; Conservation Zone. features and landscape elements. and Except for the road The Zone is also of value for its conserve wilderness, scenic access corridors, all of scenic qualities/ natural quiet and quality, and the character of the Wye River State sense of solitude. The Regional natural quiet, tranquillity Reserve is Conservation Forest Agreement process and sense of solitude. Zone (See Map 6) identified high quality natural landscapevalues, wilderness/ old growth forest communities and key fauna habitat for threatened species in parts of the Park, mostly contained within this Zone (Tasmanian Public Land Use Commission 1996 & 1997). Except for wilderness/ similar such values are identifiedfor the Wye River State Reserve. The priority for the Zone is to conserve its natural and cultural values.

14 Freydnet National Park - Southern Part Map 4B MANAGEMENT ZONES Freycinet National Park Visitor Services Zone

Map 5 VISITOR SERVICES ZONES Recreation Zone

Conservation Zone

Isaacs Point Visitor Services Zone

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Whitewater Wall Visitor Services Zone

Coles Visitor Services Zone Wye River State Reserve Recreation Zone Map 6 MANAGEMENT ZONES A

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Park and Reserve Conservation

3. 1 Geodiversit Jurassic dolerite is found at Weatherhead Point on the peninsula and on the western half of Schouten Island. The fault line which bisects the narrowestpart of SchoutenIsland In the south of Freycmet National Park, the is one of the most striking geologicalfeatures landscape is dominated by two groups of of the Park. Triassic sandstones and spectacular red granite peaks separated by a mudstones of the Upper ParmeenerSuper low marshy isthmus on FreycinetPeninsula. North of the isthmus are The Hazards/ Group are present at Cooks Comer on the comprising Mt Parsons (331 metres), Mt peninsula and on the western part of Schouten Island. On Schouten Island, these Dove (485 metres)/ Mt Amos (445 metres) mudstones contain coal measures which and Mt Mayson (420 metres). Characterised were discovered in 1809 and mined in the by little vegetation and exfoliating granite 1840s. Permian rocks of the Lower slabs/ they form a dominant landmark of the East Coast. The Hazards are the most ParmeenerSuper Group occur at Saltwater outstanding example in Tasmaniaof large Lagoon. scale granite weatheringand landform development due to joint control and The rocky crests and upper slopes of the granite peaks of the Park are typicaUy exfoliation (Bradbury 1993). South of the smooth, rounded and devoid of soil, except isthmus are Mt Graham (579 metres) and the in localised sites where granitic soils, usually highestpoint on the peninsula, Mt Freycinet less than ten centimetres m depth, occur (620 metres). Exceptfor WineglassBay/ the (Davies/1988). seaward or eastern coastline of the peninsula is characterisedby rugged cliffs, while the On steeper, well dramed slopes and on western coastline is characterisedby more broad saddles where run-off is less extreme, gentle slopes and beaches. duplex soils over 1.4 metres deep are found. On the gentle lower slopes and flats/ uniform SchoutenIsland is similar m topographyto sands occur Along topographicaUy the peninsula with a coastline of cliffs to the east and south, and sheltered beaches on its protected creek lines, uniform gravelly sands have developed. Deep duplex soils are northern coastline. The highestpoint on the found on drainageflats. Deep uniform clays island is Mt Story (400 metres). may also be present (Davies/ 1988).

Two large blocks of Devoniangranite form The Park contains indicative areas of the two mountain complexes of the NationalEstate value for geological/ peninsula. They are linked by the Wineglass Beach and Hazards Beach tombolo, an geomorphological and soil sites (Tasmanian Public Land Use Commission, 1997). Sites of unusually wide and well developed geoconservation significance are listed in tombolo-dune barred lagoonsystem Bradbury(1993). (Bradbury 1993). This isthmus is composed of Holocene sand and alluvial deposits and also has low hills of weatheredgranite which The highestpoint m the Wye River State are distinct from the bare granite outcrops of Reserve is Big Peppennint Hill rising to 708 metres. The Reserve is composed of Jurassic the Hazardsand Mt Freycinet-Mt Graham dolerite. mountains. The outstandinglamprophyre dyke near LaguntaCreek at the southern end of Hazards Beach reveals the relative Objectives - Geodiversity ages of two granitic phases and dolerite on . Protect, maintain and monitor Freycmet peninsula (Bradbury 1993). It is geodiversity and sites of geoconservation about six metres wide and 60 metres long, a significance; fine-grainedblack rock contrastingwith the . Maintain the natural rates and surrounding grey granite. magnitudes of changein earth processes;

18 FreycinetNational Park and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

and Coles Bay. In accordancewith the State Minimise harmful impacts on Policy on Water Quality Management 1997, geoconservationvalues. protected environmental values are required to be setfor anysurface waters and ground Policies waters withm the Park and the Reserve. Because the Park extends to low water mark, . Potential adverse impacts on the marine waters between low water and geodiversity and earth processes will be high water are within the Park for the assessed when planning any purposes of the State Policy. For these development or action, including land marine areashowever, protected rehabilitation and stabilisation (see environmental values will be set at a later Section4. 5). stage.

. Management practices and development The Board of Environmental Management will avoid or otherwise minimise and Pollution Control and the Director have impacts on the integrity of sites of set the values/ whichwere initially proposed geoconservation significance. in a public draftversion of this plan. The Board will determine appropriate indicators . Permanent climbing fixhires of any kind for eachof the values and would be expected will not be allowed in the Park and to apply the most stringentnumerical Reserve. criteria to all indicators. This set of indicators and numbers will be the Water Actions Quality Objectives for the Park and Reserve. Theywill ensureprotection of all of the . Prepare an inventory of sites of values and be used to determine whether the geoconservation significance to guide values are beingmet over time. The management. protected environmental values are:

. Monitor impacts on geodiversity. A Protection of aquaticecosystems:

pristine or nearly pristine ecosystems 3. 2 Natural Landscape and for surface waters within the Park or Reserve with their headwaters in the Water Quali Park or Reserve; modified (not pristine) ecosystems from which edible fish, crustacea and Freycinet National Park contains large shellfish are harvested for all other relatively undisturbed areas with surface waters within the Park and topographic and catchment integrity where for all other surface waters within natural processes continue largely the Reserve; unmodifiedby humanmtervention. A large portion of the Freycinet Peninsula and all of B Protection of recreationalwater quality Schouten Island has been assessed as an and aesthetics (for activities permitted by indicative area of National Estate value as a the managementplan or regulations): wilderness area (Tasmanian Public Land Use Commission/1997). Virtually all of the Park primary contact for all fresh waters has National Estate values as a natural withm the Park and Reserve; landscape and, for most of the peninsula/ as secondary contact for aU fresh waters an undisturbed catchment (Tasmanian within the Park and Reserve; Public Land Use Commission, 1997). Wye aesthetics; and River State Reserve has also been identified to have National Estate values as natural C Rawwater for drinkingwater supply landscape (Tasmanian Public Land Use (Coles Bay): Commission, 1997). subject to coarse screeningplus The Middleton Creek catchment and the disinfection. dams in the tm mines area supply water to top up the water supply for the township of

19 FreycinetNational Park and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

Objectives - Natural Landscape & 3.3 Flora Water Quality

. protect, maintain and monitor the Freyctnet NationalPark is important for the National Estate values of the natural conservation of Tasmania'sdry sclerophyll landscape; plant communities on granite and dolerite, . protect/ mamtain and monitor and the conservation of a range of rare and wilderness values in the Park; endemic plant species. Over 500 native . maintain or enhance water quality higher plant species have been recorded in required by protected environmental the Park,nearly one-third of the Tasmanian values; and higher plant flora. Several communities and . protect scenic values. species are of high conservation value/ includingmany endemic speciesof restricted Policies distribution and conservation status. Importantly, the heati-dands at the Friendly . Identifiedprotected environmental Beaches appear to be free of Phytophthora values will be achieved in accordance cinnamomi. with the requirements of the State Policy on Water Quality Management 1997. At least 83 species of Tasmanian native orchidshave been recorded from Freycinet Actions National Park. The Park is considered a valuable rehige for orchids, particularly the . Ensure developments or activities do not homed orchid, Orthoceras strictum and the compromise water quality. ruddy hood/ squamata. The latter species is most vulnerable to disturbance by . Identifyand protect the significant management and visitor activities. natural landscape features and attributes that contribute to the National Estate The flora of the Park includes specieslisted value of: in the ThreatenedSpecies Protection Act 1995. the Park as a wilderness, natural These include Melaleuca pustulala, landscape and undisturbed Cyphantheratasmanica, Epacrisbarbata, catchment; and Stenanthemumpimeleoides, Westringia the Wye River State Reserve as a brevifoliavar raleighii, Odixiaangusta, natural landscape. Euphrasiacollina ssp. deflexifolia, Euphrasia collina ssp. gunniiand Gahniarodwayi. While . Identifyand protect views of significant a small population of Euphrasia collina ssp. scenic natural landscapes. deflexifoliaoccurs near FriendlyPoint/ evidence of it and Euphrasiacollina ssp gunnii . Assess the visual impact of proposed havenot beenfound in recent years in other developments on natural landscape locations m the Parkwhere they formerly values prior to approval of such occurred. It is uncertainif they will reappear developments. followingfire.

. Protect the scenicnatural landscape There are 49 species in the Parkwhich are values of Wineglass Bay and the endemic in Tasmania. Many of these species Hazards. are restricted in distribution. Wye River State Reserve contains 43 endemic species. . Where feasible, remove, relocate, or replace facilities whose location or The Park's forest communities have been designsignificantly impact on natural mapped as part of the comprehensive landscape quality. regional assessment for the Tasmania- CommonwealthRegional Forest Agreement . Liaisewith neighbouring land owners (Tasmanian Public Land Use Commission, and land managers to limit the impact of 1996). The forest communities identified m developments outside the Park and the FreycinetNational Park as priority Reserve on their natural landscape communities havingCAR values are coastal values. Eucalyptus amygdalina sclerophyll forest,

20 Freycinet NationalPark and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

Allocasuarinaverticillata forest, grassy The importance of the Reserve for flora Eucalyptusglobulus forest, Eucalyptus oblicjua conservation means that conservation of dry forest, shrubbyEucalyptus ovata - plant communities and species is one of the Eucalyptusviminalis forest, Eucalyptus major considerationsof management. pulchella - Eucalyptusglobulus - Eucalyptus viminalis grassyshrubby dry sclerophyll Objectives- Flora forest, Eucalyptussieberi forest on granite/ Eucalyptussieberi forest on other (non- . Protect/ maintain and monitor natural granite) substrate/ Eucalyptus tenuiramis flora diversity, threatened flora species, forest on granite, and Eucalyptusviminalis and plant communities with CAR values grassy forest. and of conservation and National Estate significance; and The Park contains indicative areas of . Minimise harmful impacts on Park and NationalEstate value for old growth forest/ Reserve mdigenousflora. flora type localities, flora species and forest community richness/centres of endemic Policies flora/ disjunct flora species, flora species at the limit of their range and flora refugia . The following areaswiU be given high from fire and disease (TasmanianPublic flora conservation priority: Land Use Commission, 1997). The CAR values of the Parkinclude the priority forest old growth forest communities; communities identified above/ and the areas priority forest communities; of old growth forest. The Park also includes areas of heathlandand heathyforest wilderness areas (see 3.2). The importance not known to be infected with of the Park for flora conservation means that Phytophthora cinnamomi; and conservation of plant communities and any area containing threatened flora species is one of the major considerationsof species or communities of management. conservationsignificance.

Flora species are listed in Appenduc1. . Adverse impacts in high conservation priority areaswill be avoidedor limited The forest communities identified in the Wye to those which are localised and of River State Reserve as priority communities minimal impact. having CAR values are Eucalyptus pulchella - Eucalyptus globulus - Eucalyptus vimmalis . Only local provenance of species grassyshrubby dry sclerophyll forest, indigenous to the Park and the Reserve Eucalyptusamygdalina forest on dolerite, will be used in rehabilitation works medium and tall hardwood forests unless written approval is given for dominated by Eucalyptus delegatensis, alternatives. Eucalyptus viminalis grassy forest, and Eucalyptus tenuiramis forest on dolerite. Actions

The Reserve contains indicative areas of . Complete preparation of a detailed NationalEstate value for old growth forest, vegetationmap for the Park and the Wye flora type localities, flora species and forest River State Reserve. community richness/ centres of endemic flora, and flora refugiafrom fire and disease . Identifykey habitats and prepare and/or (TasmanianPublic LandUse Commission, implement management programs for 1997). The CAR values of the Reserve threatened flora species or communities include the priority forest communities of conservationsignificance. identified above, and the areas of old growth forest. The Reserve does not include any wilderness areas. The Reserve contains Lasiopetalum micmnthum, a prostrate shrub species listed as vulnerable in the Threatened SpeciesProtection Act 1995. Other listed species include Melaleucapustulata, Stenanthemum pimeleoides and Gahnia rodwayi.

21 FreycinetNational Park and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

3.4 Fauna EchidnasTachyglossus aculeatus are common throughout the Park, and thoughlikely to occur, platypus Ornithorhynchus anatinus The fauna of Freycinet National Park can be have not been confirmed. regarded as fairly typical of the dry sclerophyll forest of the easternhalf of The mouse Pseudomys Tasmania. The wide diversity of habitats novaehollandiae was first discovered m within the Park and its surrounding marine Tasmania in 1976 in the heathlands of the environment provide for a wide diversity of FriendlyBeaches (Hacking 1980). The terrestrial and marine species. mouse was found at a locationnear Hepburn A list of fauna known to occur in the Park is Point m the Coles Bay ConservationArea/ formerly known as the Coles Bay Coastal included in Appendices2 and 3. Useful Reserve (Rose, 1998), and more recently over information on threatened fauna locations, much of nearbyparts of the Conservation profiles and habitat types is contained in a handbook on Tasmania's threatened fauna Area (Lazenby, 1999). It's distribution on the FreycinetPeninsula is unknown. The mouse (Bryant andJackson/1999). Most of the Park is listed as rare in the Threatened Species provides key fauna habitat for threatened Protection Act 1995. species (TasmanianPublic LandUse Commission, 1997). No systematic survey of The swamp rat Rattus lutreolus has been the fauna of Wye River State Reserve has been undertaken and detailed fauna recorded, and the native water rat Hydromys information is not available. chrysogaster is common in lagoon/beach areas and around the rocky shorelines of the Park. Mammals Severalbat species are knownto occur in the The most common macropod in the Park is Park. The most common are the lesser long- the Bennetts wallaby Macropusrufogriseus. It earedbat Nyctophilusgeoffroyi and the is common around camping areas and smallest Tasmanianbat species, the little carparks where feedingby visitors forest bat Vespadelus vultumus. In 1985, encourages them to congregate in larger than nahiral numbers. The Tasmanian eleven large forest bats Vespadelus darlingtoni, one Eastern false pipistrelle pademelonThylogale billardieru is common Falsistrellus tasmaniensis and one chocolate and occurs throughout the Park. The long- wattled bat Chalinolobus morio were recorded nosed potoroo Potorous apicalisoccurs but is near Richardsons Beach. uncommon, beingfound only m thick heath and sclerophyll forest undergrowth. Australianhir seals Arctocephaluspusillus haul out to rest on the Taillefer Rocks, islets The Tasmanian bettong Bettongia gaimardi occurs in the Park. The just south of SchoutenIsland which are included in the Park. Leopardseals Sarcophilusharrisii is common. The eastern Hydrurga leptonyx sometimes come ashore. quoll Dasyurusviverrinus appears to be widespread, but the spotted-tailed quoll Mammal species in the Reserve havenot Dasyurusmaculatus is uncommon. beensurveyed systematically. Brush-tailed possums Trichosurus vulpecula are common, particularly around camping Birds areas. Other less common possums which have been recorded include the ringtail Bird life in the Park is rich and varied, the possum Pseudocheirusperegrinus and the variety of habitatfavouring many species. introduced sugar glider Petaurus breviceps. Of more than 230 species of birds recorded The easternpygmy possum Cercartetusnanus in Tasmania and its waters, at least 147 have is probably common m the Park and the little beenrecorded in and around the Freycinet pygmy possum Cercartetus lepidus also occurs. Wombats Vombatus ursinus are Peninsula, SchoutenIsland and Moulting common/ but the status of the brown Lagoon. A list of bird species, their status bandicoot Isoodon obesulus and the barred and preferred habitatsin the Park appears m bandicoot Peramelesgunnii is not known. Appendix 3.

22 Freycinet National Park and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

The vukierable swift parrot Lathamusdiscolor The largest species of lizard in Tasmania, the is a common summer migrant to the Park, Tasmardanblotched blue-tongueTiliqua nesting in old growthforests of Eucalyptus nigroluteais found m the Park as is the globulus. southern or mountain dragon Tympanocryptis diemensis. Several pairs of white-belliedsea eagles Haliaeetusleucogaster and a few pairs of White's skink Egerniawhitii is common m the wedge-tailedeagles Acjuilaaudax are known Park as is the ocellated skink Niveoscincus to breed and nest within the Park. Both ocellatus. The metallic skink Niveoscincus species are protected. The wedge-tailed metallicus and the three-lined sktnk Bassiana eagle is listed as vulnerable in the Threatened dupernfiare also found. The she-oakskink Species Protection Act 1995. Cyclodomorphus casuarinae,grass skink Pseudemoiaentrecasteauxii, Tasmanian tree Several species of wadersbreed on the sktnk Niveoscincuspreliosus and three-lined shores of the Park and offshore islets and sktnk have been recorded on Schouten rocks. The Park is important for wading Island. The extensions to the Park have birds due to its proximity to Moultmg included suitable habitat for the tussock Lagoon, a wetland of international skink Pseudemoiapagenstecheri which only importance. The hooded plover Charadrius occurs m tussock grasslands. rubricollis, nationally listed as vulnerable and requiring monitoring in Tasmania, breeds Frogspecies within the Park include the and nests on the beaches of the Park. green and golden frog Litoriaraniformis Hooded plovers and other which has suffered serious decline on the waders/shorebirds such as pied mainland and in parts of Tasmania. A oystercatchers and masked lapwingslose population has been discovered in Hazards eggs/ nests and chicks during the breeding Lagoon which may be an important refuge season to trampling and other human for the species. The other six species disturbance, and to predationby feralcats. occurringin the Parkhave all beenrecorded in the Mosquito Creek swamp. All of the Park's offshore islands/ islets and rocks are important breedingand resting Fish sites for seabirds. For example, fairy prions and short-tailed sheanvaters breed on The permanent streams in the Parkcarry Taillefer Rocks, and short-tailed shearwaters populations of native fish. In February2000 and fairy penguinsbreed and nest on Refuge a one day survey of fishwas undertakenon Island and SchoutenIsland. Pacificgulls Schouten Island and the western side of the breed on . Penguin colonies peninsula (Jackson and Harvey, 2000). This also occur on the mainland of the Park/ was the first fish survey undertakenin these including at the eastern end of Crocketts Bay areas. On Schouten Island/ species recorded on Schouten Island. were Atherinidaesp. hardyhead, Galaxias truttaceus spotted galaxias, Neochanna cleaveri The diversity of the avifaunaof the Park is Tasmanianmudfish/ and an Anguillasp. eel. directly related to the diversity and size of The Tasmanian mudfish Neochanna habitats available. Fire is the most important (formerly Galaxias) cleaveri is of significance factor to consider for conserving and/or in that it hasnot previously beenrecorded manipulatmg habitats and their diversity. on the east coast between Old growthforest is an important habitatfor and the Prosser River. At Cooks Beach many species, especiallyhollow-nesters such swamp and outflow, Galaxiastruttaceus, as owls and parrots, mcludmg the Anguillasp. and Pseudogobiusolorum Swan vuhierable swift parrot. River goby were recorded, at Lagunta Creek Galaxiastruttaceus, Anguilla sp. and Reptiles and Amphibians Pseudaphritis urvillii sandy/ at Bryans Lagoon outflow Atherinidaesp. and at Middleton Three species of snakes are present in the Creek Anguillasp. The surveynoted that the Park; the tiger snake Notechis ater the trout free streams supported a very high copperhead Austrelaps superbus and the density of native fish. wMte-lippedwhipsnake Drysdalia coronoides. All three species are venomous.

23 FreycinetNational Park and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

Althoughnot included in the Park, the . To prevent disturbance to penguins/ marine waters around the Park are popular campingwill not be permitted at the for fishing. eastern end of Crocketts Bay.

Invertebrates . All practicable efforts will be made to prevent adversefire and other impacts Little is known of the invertebrate fauna of onbreeding of threatened species. the Park, though a few species of scientific interest have been noted. . Adopt appropriate fire regimes to maintain the habitat of the New Holland A tree-climbingland snail Bothriembryon mouse. tasmanicus, confined to the east coast of Tasmania/is widespreadand abundant . Use of shorebreeding birds areasmay be along the coast of Schouten Island. Snails limited or access restricted if monitormg and freshwater molluscs found in the Park shows disturbance of breeding. are given in Smith and Kershaw (1981). . Eaglenests will be protected as far as The freshwater crayfish Astacopsis franklinu possible from disturbance. As a has been recorded near the summit of Mt precaution, the location of nests will not Graham and in the dry bed of ChineseCreek be made public. on Schouten Island. It and the other fauna associated with its burrows are considered a . Information and education will be faunal feature unique to Tasmania. provided to visitors on mintmistng impacts on shore breedingbirds. Objectives - Fauna . Animal management and control . Protect, maintain and monitor measures/ including fencing, culling, threatened faunaspecies/ in particular biologicalcontrol, removal/ or relocation/ the swift parrot, and the diversity of will be adopted if studies show them to indigenousfauna and habitat; be warranted and practicable. . M'inimise harmful impacts on indigenous fauna and habitats; and Actions . Provide opportunities for visitors to encounter wildlife. . Identifyhabitats of threatened species and implement managementprograms Policies for protection of the habitatand the threatened species. . To protect breedingseabirds and resting seals. The Nuggets/ Refuge Island/ . Monitor the breedingsuccess of shore Promise Rock, Lemon Rock, Half Lemon birds. Rock, Eastern Rock and Taillefer Rocks are restricted areas to which the public . Implement the relevant prescriptions of does not have a general right of access the swift parrot recovery plan (Brereton, between 1 October and 31 March each 1998) year (see Section 5. 3). . Monitor the conservation status of the . The following significantPark habitats hoodedplover. will be left undisturbed or otherwise given special protection or management: . Conduct faunasurveys of the Park and the Reserve useful for management and swift parrot habitat; protection. bettonghabitat; any other threatened specieshabitat; . Discouragevisitors from feeding habitats of shore breeding birds wildlife. during the breeding season from the beginningof October until the end of Easter.

24 Freycinet National Park and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

3. 5 Aboriginal and Historic line many of the beaches popular for Herita e camping/ and roads and walkingtracks cross several middens and archaeological areas m the Park. For example, the campingground at Richardsons Beach is located on one of the 3.5. 1 Aboriginal Heritage most extensive shell middens known on the east coast, with highly significant cultural Some surveys of the Aborigmal heritage of resources (Stanton, 1998). The many access FreycinetNational Park have been tracks to the beachmade by campers over undertaken. The Reserve has not been the years has contributed to erosionof the systematically investigated. European midden/dune system on the seawardside knowledge of humanhistory in the Freycinet and the vehicle access track/ parking and area is restricted to a combination of tent sites have also contributed to the historical records and archaeological destruction of the inland side of the investigation of the heritage createdby midden/dunesystem. Use of the walking thousands of years of Aboriginal occupation track across the isthmus betweenWineglass and use. Evidence from Warreen Cave in Bay and Hazards Beach has caused erosion Tasmania'ssouth west suggests that of a midden at Hazards Beach. A chained Aboriginal people have lived in Tasmania boardwalk and other works have been continuously from at least 35, 000 years ago. installed to ensure the stability of the area.

The Park and Reserve are in the territory of The Aboriginal heritage of the Park and the Oyster BayTribe whichconsisted of an Reserve have a strong and continuing estimated 600-700people, and whose significanceto the TasmanianAboriginal territory extendedfrom the Derwent estuary community. Heritage needs to be identified up the east coast to the FingalValley and and protected, particularly from the impacts westward to the Midlands (Brown, 1986). In of development and visitor use. There is 1816, CaptainJames Kelly recorded a party potential for the TasmanianAboriginal of Aborigines on Schouten Island (MacFie, community to promote and interpret their 1991). The historic records suggest that the heritage to the wider community and FreycinetPeninsula and SchoutenIsland provide greater understandingof Aboriginal were part of the area of the culture in the Park. Very little information TOO. RER. NO.MAIR. RE. ME.NERband of about the wealth of Aboriginal heritage of the tribe and possibly MAY.YER.LOW.ER or the Parkis interpreted for visitors. MAIR. REN.NER.PAIR. RER. NER bands. New legislation dealingwith Aboriginal Limited archaeologicalstudies in the Park heritagemanagement is under (Brown 1986, 1991;Snelgrove and Noble consideration. At present/ the Aboriginal 1991), and a more recent study (Stanton, Relics Act 1975 applies. 1998) whichalso discusses more broadly Aboriginal values and aspirations/ have Objectives - Aboriginal Heritage revealed an abundanceof Aboriginal heritage. This is particularly focussed along In cooperationwith the Aboriginal the coastalmargins, behind sandybeaches/ community: beside estuaries, along cliffs and rocky coastal areas. This heritage includes shell . Identify and record Aborigmal heritage; middens, rock quarries, rock shelters, stone . Protect and conserve Aboriginal artefacts and possibly a rock paintmg. There heritage; and is very little documented knowledge of the . Interpret Aboriginalheritage. Aboriginalheritage of the Wye River State Reserve Policies

Along with some natural erosion, recreation . Aboriginalheritage values will be and development in the Parkhas resulted in assessed and protected in accordance impacts upon Aboriginalheritage. As early with applicable legislation, this as the 1830s, Cole burned shells from management plan and any agreed middens along RichardsonsBeach to make national or state charter or guidelines for lime. Today, dune systems with middens Aboriginal heritage.

25 Freycinet National Park and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

Locations of Aboriginal heritage heritage and develop interpretation of significance will not be publicised unless Aboriginal heritage. the location has been assessed/ m cooperation with the Aboriginal 3. 5. 2 Historic Heritage community/ as suitable for educational or interpretative use. Where applicable, In 1642,Abel Tasmanexplored the southern make use of any agreedAboriginal and south-eastern coastline of Tasmania and interpretation strategy. named Schouten Island. Tasman also named a feature of high land to the north The Aboriginalcommunity will be VanderlinsEylandt. Vanderlins Eylandtwas consulted on the management of renamed Freycmet Peninsula after two Aboriginal heritage and on any brothers on CaptainNicolas Baudm's French undertaking or development which may scientific expedition of 1802. Baudm's impinge upon Aboriginal heritage. expedition did extensive charting of the area andnamed feahires in the area, including All proposed landscapemodification, Cape Faure, Cape Baudin, Cape Forestier development, or maintenancewithin the and Thouin Bay. Members of the Baudin Park and Reserves will be subject to the expeditionlanded overnight on Schouten prescriptions of Section4. 5. Island.

As far as possible, development will be In the early 1800s/sealers were active in located well awayfrom areas of Great Oyster Bay and the sealer Joseph Aboriginal heritage. Stacey are recorded being at Schouten Island in 1809. In 1824, George Meredith Aboriginalheritage will not be established a baywhaling station at Parsons deliberately disturbed for management/ Cove knownas the "Old Fishery",which development or research purposes operated until the mid-1830s. Records unless the Director determines there is indicate that there were baywhaling stations no practicable alternative and a permit to at Sleepy Bay and at both the north and disturb aboriginalrelics has beenissued south ends of WmeglassBay, as well as under the Aboriginal Relics Act 1975. George Meredith's operation at Parsons Cove (Evans, 1993;Kostoglou, 1995). Actions Settlement remains at Bryans Beachare from a bay whaling station/ and Slaughterhouse In cooperation with the Aborigmal Bay wasprobably named for its association community, identify, record/ monitor with the industry. A baywhaling station and protect Aboriginal heritage. was also located at PassagePoint/Crocketts Bay. Remains of the industry in the Park are Report all Aboriginalrelics discovered in very sparse, limited to piles of whalebone/ a the Park or the Reserves to the Director, few bricks, stone fireplaces and hut in accordance with the Aboriginal Relics foundations. Act 1975. George Meredith claimed land at his In consultation with the Aboriginal whalingsite in 1841 and, in 1854, 5.67 community, rehabilitate and protect hectares of this claim were granted to his son locations of Aboriginal heritage Charles Meredith. This private freehold significancewhich have been damaged land has been subdivided and is now known by development or use. as "The Fisheries". Charles was leased a further 37. 65 hectares to the west of Rationalise and harden access tracks WineglassBay m 1870 for pastoral and from individual campsites along agricultural purposes, but the land was RichardsonsBeach to limit damage to consideredpoor and the lease lapsed. A Aboriginal middens. retired auctioneer/ Harry Parsons, moved to The Fisheries in the 1920's, and visitors In consultation with the Aboriginal beganbuilding holiday shacks and homes. community/ educate visitors on the significance and protection of Aboriginal In the 1830s,Silas Cole/ a farm managerfrom Cranbrook, north of Swansea, built a hut at

26 Freycinet National Park and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

the north-eastem end of Coles Bay/ in the on the site of FreycinetLodge (formerly The vicinity of the present powered caravansites Chateau) in 1934, which were used as a in the Park. Cole burned shells from the bivouac by the army during World War II. enormous Aboriginal middens along In 1951, Richardsonwas initially granted a Richardsons Beach to make lime, which was 21 year lease on the land where The Chateau shipped to Swanseafor use in mortar. wasbuilt and eventually granted a 99-year lease. The Brand family assumed the 99- The following account of mining activity on year lease andbought The Chateau Schouten Island is taken from Bacon and buildings in 1970 as familyholiday Corbett (1984). Coal was discovered on accommodation. The Chateau was sold in Schouten Island in 1809. Coal was mined for 1990 and redeveloped as Freycmet Lodge. a short time in the 1840s/ and prospecting for coal on the island occurred again between Wye River State Reserve was formerly State 1888-1892 and m 1924. Alluvial tin was won forest. Very little historic heritage by Chineseprospectors north of Mt Story information is readUy available for the between 1840 and 1880. Old embankments Reserve. and cuttings/ alluvial workings on Chinese Creek, ruins and coal adits are now the only The history of the Parkpresents an visible remains of tin and coal mining on opportunity for interpretation and Schouten Island. education. However/ the significanceand integrity of the historic sites needs to be In the early twentieth century, a number of respected and maintained. tin mining leases operated in the area betweenSleepy Bay and RichardsonsBeach. Management of sites in the Park and the Several gravel quarry leases for road Reserve that are on the Tasmardan Heritage constructionhave operated on the Sleepy Register is subject to the Historic Cultural Bay-CapeTourville Road in the Park in the Heritage Act 1995. All the significanthistoric past. heritagevalues of the Park and the Reserve need protection from avoidabledecay or Until recently/ two mining leases existed on disturbance, and maintenance of their Crown land surrounded by the Park (see integrity. Map 2B). Northern TasmanianQuarries Pty Ltd held a licence until 1997to operate the Objectives - Historic Heritage red granite quarry at Parsons Cove. The same company also held a mining lease for . Identify, record and conserve significant red granite on the old walkingtrack to Mt historic heritage in the Park and the Amos. This lease was never worked and Reserve; expired in 1994. These parcels of Crown . Present and interpret historic heritage; land, as well as a third parcelwith a lease and that expired in 1983,have not been added to . Protect significanthistoric heritage from the Park. intrusive development and activity.

Farmingin the areanow occupiedby the Policies Parkbegan about 1850,when Edward Crockett ran sheep on Schouten Island and . Irrespective of Zone, conservation and later at Bryans Beach. About the same time, management of historic heritage in the a Mr Leggswas occupying a stone hut at Park and the Reserve will adhere to the Cooks Comer on the peninsula. Remains Burra Charter (see ICOMOS there include the hut, three stone fish traps Inc, 1999) and its associated guidelines. and a boat slip (McGowan 1984). On Schouten Island several years later/ Athol . Conservation, use, and management of Cook built the wooden extensions to Cook's historic heritage will conform with this Hut and constructed the timber house. management plan. Remams on Schouten Island also include a shed ruin/ a sheep dip, farm machinery and . A conservation policy statement or other buildingfoundations. Grazingleases conservationplan, including specific were held on Schouten Island until 1969. assessment of significance,will be Ron Richardsonbuilt some holidayshacks prepared before any decisions about

27 Freycinet NationalPark and Wye River State Reserue, ManagementPlan 2000

major works on, use, removal or . Assess requirements for and provide interpretation of historic heritage or suitable fire protection for all heritage individual elements of it. Such structures (see 4.1). statements or plans will be prepared in accordancewith the principles outlined . Develop interpretation for historic in the Burra Charter, using the heritageplaces and values in the Park methodology outlined in Kerr (1996). and Reserve.

Accurate, detailed workmg 3. 5.3 Cultural Landscape documentation, appropriate to the scale and significanceof the works, will be Conservation of historic heritage values prepared prior to any conservation requires not only attention to remaining works and will be prepared to record struchires, features/ and artefacts/ but also any conservationworks "as built". careful and sympathetic management of the surrounding settings and cultural An archaeologicalassessment will be landscapes. required before approval of any development or ground-breakingwork Aboriginal cultural landscapes form part of in areasof heritage significance(see Aboriginal heritage and are covered by Section4. 5). Section 3.5.1.

A cyclical and catchup maintenance Objectives- Cultural Landscape program will be developed and implemented for significant historic . Identify and conserve the heritage features. integrity and quality of significant cultural landscapes and heritage Exceptfor historic artefacts requiring vegetation; and special attention/ the historic features . Revegetate or allow natural regeneration present in the Park and Reserve, of all other disturbed areas. mcludmg historic huts m the Park, will remain m situ and will be managed in Policies accordancewith this plan. . Introducedplants of heritage Assistance in management of historic significancewill be retained and, if huts will be sought from people with an necessary, replaced to maintain mterest m or an historical association continuity of the historic cultural with the Park. landscape.

Actions . Cultural landscapemaintenance and renewal will be based on the researched Identify, record and assess the significanceand layout of heritage significanceand condition of all historic plantings and cleared areas. features. Actions Protecthistoric places from adverse processes and actions. . Identify/ record and assess the significanceof historic plantings and Make safe any dangerous structures, in cultural landscapes. keepingwith their heritage significance. . Maintain, propagate and re-establish Prepareconservation policy statements significanthistoric plantings. or plans for all significanthistoric heritagefeatures. . Preventintroduced species retained for their heritage significance Catalogue/ appropriately store, or spreadinginto indigenousplant present historic artefacts to visitors. communities. When warranted, adopt conservation measures.

28 Freycinet National Park andWye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

. Assess the visual impact of proposed developments on cultural landscape values prior to approval of such developments.

. Where feasible/ remove/ relocate/ or replace facilities whose location or designsignificantly impact on cultural landscape quality.

29 Freycinet National Park and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

Park and Reserve Protection

4. 1 Fire Mana ement Illegal fire lightinghave beenthe major source of wildfires in the last 20 years and this has contributed to the burning of almost The vegetation of FreycinetNational Park the entire FreycinetNational Park. Escapes and the Reserve has been exposed to from campfires, and from burning of periodic fire for thousands of years and fire rubbish, gardenwaste/ loggingslash and is a natural part of the Park and Reserve fuel reduction burns on private land have all environment. In some cases/ fire maintains a contributed to the fire history of the Park. diversity of plant communities by enabling more fire-tolerant communities (principally Because a highwayruns through the length grasslands,heathlands and woodlands) to of the Wye River State Reserve, it is regenerate. The plant species diversity in vulnerable to arson or inadvertent ignition. heathlandsis lower in long unbumt areas than m adjacentmore recently burnt areas. The Parks and Wildlife Service is responsible under the Fire Service Act 1979 and the Fire This is because many heathland species are short lived/ but regenerate freely after fire. Service(Miscellaneous) Regulations 1996 for all Fire management activities need to take aspects of fire management within the Park particular account of the distribution and and the Reserves, including prevention, regeneration strategies of different plant contamment and suppression. communities. The exclusion of fire can also adversely impact on some fauna species. For The Park abuts private land andboth the example/ the New Holland mouse favours Park and the Reserve share boundaries with the early post fire seral stages in heathland. State forest with important timber assets. If fire is excluded for too long m these communities, the habitat becomes unsuitable The focus of wildfire prevention is on for it. protection of heavily visited areas and neighbouring properties, and areas of high The imposition of appropriate fire regimes is environmental or heritage significance. important to the ecology of these areas and essential to maintainingthe diversity of The highestpriority for wildfire suppression species. Ecologistshave determined that a is protection of visitors, neighbouring fire regime should be definedby the properties/ and Park and Reserve facilities frequency of burning/ the season of burning, andbuildings. The safety of walkers and the intensity of fires, the size of individual campers in the event of bushfire is of fires and the degree of variability of all these particular concern. Nevertheless/ during a factors. Too frequent burning, too wildfire/ fire behaviour and suppression infrequentburning, or lack of variability in necessity will determine the on-ground seasonof burning or frequency of burning, actions and may mean that priorities need have all beenrecognised as factors which modificationon the day. The development can reducebiodiversity and eliminate of highfuel loads may preclude direct species, even in fire adapted communities. suppression of any actively spreading fire which might occur in the Recreation and The topography and boundary configuration Conservation Zones. of Freycmet greatly influence visitor use of the Park and thus the fire risk associated Objectives - Fire M. anagement with visitor activities. On the peninsula, few escaperoutes for walkers increaseexposure . Protect visitors and staff; to risk. In the north of the Park, illegal . Protect neighboursand their property; vehicle access,including by trail bikes, is a . Protect Park and Reserves facilities and potential problem for fire management. assets; and . Maintain or improve nature conservation values.

30 FreycinetNational Park and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

Policies communities of high conservationvalue (see 3.3 and 3. 4 ). . Fire managementwill accord with this management plan and the fire Fire frequencies set out in ecological managementplan current at the time. managementprograms will aim to maintain viable populations of and/or . On the basis of contemporary knowledge habitats for plants and animals of and resources, fire management conservation value. priorities will be directed towards providing the fire regimes and other Within the constraints identified in this protection measures considered managementplan and the fire necessaryto protect human life and managementplan/ historic heritage sites property. The areas thus treated will will be protected from damageby fire or only be as extensive as is considered fire management operations. necessary to provide adequate protection. Outside of these areas, fire Until such time as revised mapping is managementwill focus on mamtammg available, the priority areas for the the diversity of flora and faunaspecies exclusion of fire and/or mechanical and communities. dishirbance will be as shown on Maps la, Ib, and 1c of the Fire Management . Fire managementwill be undertaken in Plan (Parks and Wildlife Service, 1995). consultation with relevant authorities and local landholders including Forestry Where priorities for protection of Tasmania. conservation values have not been established/priorities will be determined . Fire management and suppression after consultation with relevant procedures will accord with the Inter- specialists if time and circumstances Agency Fire ManagementProtocol permit/ or if not, on the basis of agreedbetween the Parks and Wildlife suppressionexpediency. Service, the Tasmania Fire Service and Forestry Tasmania (Forestry Tasmania et No earthmovmg machinery will be used al, 1998). for fire management purposes south of the WineglassBay Carpark. . All practicable efforts will be made, consistent with the available resources, All practicable measures consistent with prevailing Fire DangerIndex/ fire this managementplan will be taken to intensity and fire crew safety/ to exclude diminish the risk of wildfu-es occurring wildfire from or restrict its spread in in the Park and the Reserves and to high conservation priority, significant lessen their impact. habitat and historic heritage areas. Park and Reserve visitors may only light . Exceptfor emergency fire suppression/ fires in a designatedfireplace in Zones all fire management actions including whichare not designatedfuel stove only ecologicalmanagement burning, fuel (see 5), except in an emergency or as reductionburning, water hole and fire otherwise authorised. track construction or maintenance will be undertaken in accordance with Section Rangersmay, by display of a sign or 4. 5. notice, prohibit or restrict fires in the Park or Reserve when the Fire Danger . Fuel reduction, includingburning, Indexrequires such measures, as well as slashing/ mowing, and similar methods/ during days of Total Fire Ban. may be used for wildfire prevention and containment. Excepton days of relatively low Fire Danger Index, suppressionprocedures . Ecologicalmanagement burning may be will usually involve bringingthe fire to undertaken to maintainpopulations of safe edgesprovided by the sea, flora or fauna species and communities, firebreaks, and any low fuel areas. with priority given to species and

31 Freycinet National Park and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

. In the Recreation and Conservation Close to private vehicle access fire trails zones south of the Coles Bay Visitor within the Park leading from Coles Bay ServicesZone/ wildfires may be allowed Road and Cape Tourville Road. to bum if use of suppression resources is not warrantedby the threats to safety or Strictly enforce any restrictions which conservation priorities. apply to lighting fires.

. Fire suppression operations will be Provide suitable fire protection for aU undertaken in a manner which structures. minimises the impact on Aboriginal and historic heritage, and threatened species/ Maintain fire suppression equipment to and the spread of Phytophthora operational standards. cinnamomi, in so far as this is practicable and consistent with the objective of Train staffin fire prevention and protecting life and neighbouring suppressionprocedures, includingfuel property from wildfire. reductionburning, wildfire fighting, use of fire fightingequipment/ and actions to Actions be taken at different fire ratings.

. Develop and implement fire management programs for the Reserve. 4.2 Introduced Pests and Diseases

. Implement, review and revise as necessary the fire management plan for 4.2.1 Introduced Fauna the Park. Mammals introduced to the Park and the . Maintain all existing firebreaks and fire Reserves include rabbits, black rats, house trails. mice, and domes tie/feral cats. There are rabbits on Schouten Island. Some . In the Park, undertake fuel reduction introduced birds also occur/ includmg measures in accordance with the Fire common starlmg, house sparrow, gold finch/ Management Plan. green finch and Europeanblackbird (see Appendix3). The introduced Laughing . Adopt fire regimes to maintain Kookaburra Dacelo novaeguineae also occurs populations of all flora and faiina species in the Park. Dogs sometimes illegally enter and communities, with particular the Park and the Reserves/ with or without priority for the bettong. New Holland their owners. mouse, and Oyster Bay pine forest. The owners of shacks and holidayhomes at . Make all practicable efforts to prevent The Fisheriesare allowed/ by regulation, to adverse fire and fire management transport dogs through the Park to the impacts on breedingof threatened Fisheries. A similar provision applies to species. private land in the north of the Park.

. Explainfire managementpolicies and Feral cats have been reported on the fire safety procedures to visitors as part peninsula and at Bluestone Bay, but their of an interpretive program for the Park numbers and distribution are unknown. and the Reserves. The sugar glider Petaurusbreviceps has been . For fire managementpurposes, recorded in the Park. The species was designatevehicular tracks to be retained introduced to Tasmania from mainland or constructed as firebreaks or fire trails. Australia and its impact, numbers and distribution in the Park are unknown. . Take all practicable measures to prevent public vehicular access to those formed Pacificoysters could establishferal tracks designated exclusively for use as populations along the shores of the Park if fire trails or other management or licensed uses.

32 Freycinet National Park and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

spat from marine farms m Great Oyster Bay moving vehicle) may be issued for the drift on currents onto the Park's coastline. designated trails shownin this management plan (see Map 7), and in All these introduced animals have impacts accordancewith the plan, but under no on native species and ecosystems, hunting other circumstances. native species, introducing diseases,causing erosion, competing for habitat or disturbing . Authorities for horses may be granted visitors. The presence of pest speciesnot for the designatedhorse trails shownin indigenous to the Park or the Reserve is out this management plan, and in of keepingwith the reasons for their accordancewith the plan, but under no reservation. other circumstances.

Objectives- IntroducedFauna . Horses will not be allowed on anybeach or coastal dune system. . Eradicateintroduced specieswhere this is feasible and warranted; and Actions . Control and manage mtroduced species where eradication is not practicable or . Monitor introduced animalpopulations warranted. within the Park and Reserve.

Policies . Monitor the coastline of the Park for Pacificoysters or other invasive marine . Introduction of fauna or fish (including species. Tasmanianfauna or fish) not historically indigenouswithin the boundariesof the . Make visitors aware that dogs are not Park or Reserve will not be allowed. allowed in the Park or the Reserve.

. Eradication of introduced fauna will . Liaisewith and educate adjacent only be attempted where populations of residents to manage pets so that they do non target species are not threatened by not enter the Park or Reserve. the proposed methods, unless the threat from the introduced species is greater . Prepare management programs for than the threat from eradication introduced faunaspecies which require methods. active management.

. Eradication, control, and containment 4.2.2 Introduced Flora programs and priorities will be basedon clear/ well documented contemporary Many plants have been introduced to the knowledge or, where necessary/ Park and the Reserve. Some have become additional research. weeds, invadingbushland or derelict pasture/ and competing with indigenous . The priority for eradicationthroughout species. Effective control and management the Park will be feral cats and rabbits. of weeds is necessary and priority targets for control need to be identified. . Except in accordance with the National Parks and Reserved Land Regulations 1999, The principal weeds are marram grass, animals not native to the Park or Reserve thistle, gorse and a number of herbaceous must not be taken into or allowed to be weed species. There is a large local in or remain in the Park or the Reserve. mfestation of gorse on Schouten Island as well as a number of other introduced . In the Park/ Regulation 7(2)(c) of the species. Considerableeffort has gone into National Parks and Reserved Land removing the gorse althoughin recent years Regulations1999, will apply only to less work has been undertaken. domestic dogs and stock and to no other species of animalnot native to the Park. Introduced marram grass Ammophilaarenaria occurs on beaches in the Park. It is . Authorities for movement of stock considered an invasive weed which alters through the Park (other than within a natural dune and beachprocesses. Other

33 Freycinet National Parkand Wye River StateReserve, ManagementPlan 2000 introduced sand-btndingspecies such as sea Actions spurge Euphorbia paralias occur at SlaughterhouseBay and WeatherheadPoint. . Monitor introduced flora within the Park The Friendly Beaches are so far free of these and Reserve. species. . Monitor FriendlyBeaches for any Objectives - Introduced Flora outbreaks of marram grass or seaspurge and remove before them. . Eradicate introduced flora where this is feasible and warrantedby the damage . Prepare management programs for being caused; and introduced flora which requires active . Control and manage introduced flora management. where eradicationis not possible or warranted. . Eradicate/control or containgorse and marram grass. Policies . Prevent the spread of introduced plant . Weed managementwill accord with the species retained for heritage purposes. provisions of the introduced plants policy (Parks and Wildlife Service/ . Remove introduced gardenplants in the 1998A) Park at the boundarywith the town of Coles Bay. . Introduced flora managementwill be linked with: 4. 2. 3 Plant Diseases

protection of natural and cultural Phytophthoracinnamomi is a microscopic values; fungus which lives in the soil and roots and erosion control; and causes severe dieback or death in at least 136 revegetation works. native plant species.

. An integrated regional approachto Freycinet National Park is climatically introduced flora management, involving suitable for Phytophthora,plant communities neighbouringland owners and on the sandy heaths being most susceptible managers,will be supported. to attack. The Park alreadyhas Phytophthora cinnamomimfections in a number of places. . Eradication or control of introduced flora Surveys (Harris 1991 and Rudman 1993) will only be attempted wherenon target have found symptoms consistent with species are not threatenedby the Phytophthoracinnamomi present in vegetation proposed methods, unless the threat onwalking tracks throughout the peninsula. from the weeds is greater than the threat SchoutenIsland was surveyed in 1994 and from eradication methods. the disease was found on the Bear Hill track and in creek catchments on the southern side . Introduced flora eradication/ control, of the island/ possibly a result of tin mining and containment actions and priorities in the late 1800s. Symptoms of the disease will be based on clear, well documented appear to be most prevalent on the peninsula contemporary knowledge or, where walking tracks between Wineglass Bay and necessary/ additional research. Mt Graham, extending to the Mt Freycinet saddle, and on the Hazards Beach track . The assistance of volunteers will be north of Fleurieu Point. The disease is also sought for control and eradicationwhere knownfrom behindPassage Beach/ where it suitable planned and programmed is affecting a newly found population of works and effective supervision or Epacris barbata, and along the ridge between direction are available. PassageBeach and Mt Freyctnet.

. Priorities for eradicationthroughout the The distribution of the disease in the Park ParkwiU be gorse, thistles and any other suggests that bushwalkers are the principal invasive species, including marram grass vector. There is little that can be done now at Bryans Beach. to prevent the ultimate spread of the disease

34 Freycinet NationalPark and Wye River StateReserve, Management Plan 2000

on the Peninsula. Consequently, Friendly Actions Beaches are an extremely important heathland conservation area as they appear Designate Phytophthoramanagement to be Phytophthorafree. However, the areas, and adopt catchment protection, diseasemay already occur on adjacent land. access and activity controls for protection of representative areas of The disease is a threat to the rare shrub susceptible communities of threatened Conospermum hookeri, which occurs on the species. Hazards Beach track near Malunna Creek. The diseaseis prevalent around developed Monitor Phytophthoraprone areas. sites such as Freycinet Lodge,where extensive patches of the rare plant Inform visitors of the Phytophthorathreat Thryptomene micmnthahave succumbed to to the Park and Reserve and educate the disease. Other rare species threatened by them in diseaseprevention hygiene the diseaseinclude Epacrisbarbata, Epacris measures. myrtifolia, Melaleucapustulata, Xanthorrhoea arenaria. and Xanthorrhoea bracteata. Lunit development and recreation activity to those areas already infected or With access controls, it may be possible to of low priority for diseaseexclusion. avoid spreadingPhytophthora cinnamomi and other soil borne pathogens to designated Re-route tracks or use other techniques vuhierable ares as yet unmfected. such as boardwalkswhere necessaryto protect threatened species and/or Objectives - Plant Disease control the spread of infection.

. Protect populations of threatened species; and 4.3 Soil Conservation and Erosion . Limit the spread of Phytophthora Control cinnamomiand other plant pathogensin the Park and Reserve, particularly m the Friendly Beaches area. The potential for erosion of the dune systems Policies along the coastal areas of the Park is high due to natural causes and due to trampling . All practicable steps will be taken to and vehicle use by visitors, particularly m prevent the spread of Phytophthoraor the Coles Bay and Isaacs Point Visitor other plant pathogens into uninfected Services Zones. Illegal vehicle use along the areas where efforts to exclude disease Friendly Beaches has contributed to damage and dune erosion. are warrantedby the values at risk.

. Any imported soil, fill or crushed rock The granite soils of the Freycinet National used in any construction project in areas Park are very susceptible to erosion. The known to be free of Phytophthora and steep upper slopes and crests are where exclusion of the disease is a particularly vulnerable to sheet and rill priority/ will be obtained from sites erosion, while gully/ tunnel and stream bank where Phytophthorais not found/ using erosion are common on the lower slopes and flats. The risk of soil erosion increases with Phytophthora-tiee machinery. the frequency of burning. Erosion problems . Where direct seedingis not used, all are increasing on the Hazards traverse and plants used m planting works within on the steep section of the Peninsula track areas free of Phytophthora will be between Mt Graham and Wmeglass Bay Some action has been taken to combat propagated, m Phytophthora-heesoil or other medium from certified erosionbut more work is required to control Phytophthorafree nurseries. existing erosion problems and prevent future degradation. . Any new walking tracks or routes in the Park will be located to minimise the spread of Phytophthoracinnamomi.

35 Freycinet National Park and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

Objective - Soil Conservation & Park at central locations. Visitors are Erosion Control responsible for taking their rubbishto the nearest waste transfer station. . Prevent erosion and rehabilitate damaged areas. Dependingon the location or Zone, visitors in large groups may changethe recreational Policies character of the Park and Reserve, causing adverse social and environmental impacts. . The priority for soil conservationwill be If large school or other groups lack adequate to prevent erosion from occurring. supervision, and/or trained or qualified leaders, adverse impacts can occur. . Erosion hazard and stahis assessments will be made where significantground In areas of the Park where camping occurs, disturbance or soil exposure is proposed. the illegal collection of wood for campftres has resulted in severe localised degradation. . Land rehabilitation and stabilisation will Rtngbarkmg, cutting and damage to live be carried out on the basis of a prior trees has increased as the availability of dead geomorphologicalassessment. and down wood diminishes. There is evidence of illegal chainsawuse on Schouten Actions Island. Other visitor impacts include erosion of tracks/ dunes and middens, the risk of . Undertake drainage and erosion control spread of Phytophthoracinnamomi disease/ works on the Peninsula track between enlargement of camping areas and the Mt Graham and WineglassBay. accumulation of human waste.

. Monitor erosion on the Hazards tracks The dunes at RichardsonsBeach incorporate and traverse and undertake prevention an extensive Aboriginalshell midden. The measures and/or rehabilitation. middenshows evidence of long occupation. Camping, vehicle access to campsites and . Complete rehabilitation of the granite foot access tracks from campsites to the quarry site, removing any remains of the beach have contributed to erosion of the jetty, power poles/ sheds/machinery and midden/dune system. equipment, rubbish and waste materials. While generally relying on natural Monitoringof the camping area at the revegetation, undertake active southern end of Wineglass Bay Beach revegetation if necessary. confirms the expansionof the campingarea, the use of chatnsaws for destruction of . Rehabilitatedistarbed or erodmg areas/ standing trees both dead and alive, and includingunwanted vehicular trails and removal of all available ground litter for areas disturbed by development. campfires. Despite minimal impact bushwalkmgpoUcies, large amounts of . Monitor beaches and dunes for erosion rubbishleft by boaters and walkers must be and dune stability and rehabilitateif removed each season. Toilet facilities at the necessary. WineglassBay campsite are now inadequate and the campingarea has now deteriorated . Construct and maintainsuitably below an acceptable standard. designed dune crossings and barriers where necessary. Boating visitors or participants in events such as the Three Peaks race may be unaware of Park values and cause adverse 4.4 Mana in Visitor Im acts impacts. Minimal impact boating education now operates and applies not only to FreycinetNational Park/ but to all coastal areas of the State. Rubbish, including marine debris/ is found around campgrounds/ in carparks, along tracks and on beaches. Rubbish collection A minimal impact bushwalking program bins and recycling bins are provided in the applies to the Park and the Reserve.

36 FreycinetNational Parkand Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

Sewagedisposal is provided by the sewage Actions lagoons located near the Park entrance built to service Park facilities. These lagoons also . Assist local and State government accept input of sewagefrom Freycinet authorities develop a sustainable Lodge. The lagoons are operated as a seweragescheme and water supply scheduled premise. system for the Swanick-ColesBay- FreycinetNational Park community. Reticulated water from Coles Bay is available in the Park as far south as . Undertake site designand implement Honeymoon Bay. No water is provided at protection measures to repair and Isaacs Point or elsewhere in the Park apart maintain the quality of the camping area from water tanks on Cooks Hut and the at the southern end of Wineglass Bay toilet block at WineglassBay carpark. . Provide environmentally sustainable Objectives - Visitor Impacts toilets in designatedvisitor areas.

. Protect, maintam and monitor . If monitoring suggests the need/ provide environmental and heritage values and a toilet at the northern end of Wineglass the special tourism and recreation Bay. character of the Park; and . Perpetuate the Park in a state that is . Upgrade the toilets at HazardsBeach/ valued by visitors. Cooks Beachand south WineglassBay.

Policies . Informvisitors of/ and encourage them to apply techniques for mmimal impact . Visitor numbers, facilities, services and use of the Park and Reserve. activities will be limited to those which are ecologically sustainable. . Prior to the establishment of any licensed camp, undertake a baseline . The maximum party size for licensed environmental inventory of the proposed groups will be consistent with the site for reference in future monitoring. principles of the WalkingTrack ManagementStrategy (Parks and . In the Coles Bay and Isaacs Point Visitor WildUfeService/ 1998B). Services Zones, provide rubbish collection facilities in designated . In the Recreation Zone, the general locations. public who are campingwill be encouraged to observe the sameparty . In all other Zones, require visitors to take size requirements as licensed groups. their rubbish with them.

. No input to the sewagelagoons in the . Enforce the authority conditions and/or Park will be accepted from any codes of conduct for the use of motor development outside of the Park. vehicles, bicycles and horses.

. Toilets not connected to sewage . Provide guidelinesfor groups on treatment facilitieswill be managedto reasonable group size, supervision, ensure that adjacent environments are mmimal impact requirements and not polluted by waste discharge. qualified or experiencedleaders.

. Camping areaswill be designatedwithin the Park and, if necessary, the overall 4.5 Mana in Develo ment size and capacity of camping areas, and the location of tent sites within them, will be defined to prevent environmental Development can range from manipulative damage and protect the quality of the research, works, includingfire management camping experience for visitors(See 5.5). works, whichchange the natural or existing condition or topography of land/ and

37 Freycinetrational Parkand Wye River StateReserve, Management Plan 2000 construction, alteration/ repair or removal of the Zone. The site plan for a Visitor tracks, toilets, buildings, other facilities or Services Zone maybe an individualplan services. For the purposes of this plan/ all for the Zone or combined with site plans prescribed burning canbe considered to be for other Visitor Service Zones in the development. Park.

Major developments are those whichare For all major developments and for large in scale, or have highpublic interest/ or proposed site developments or changes the potential for substantial impacts on the that will, while permitted by the zoning/ values of the Park or Reserve, or have a appreciablyalter the existinguse or material impact outside the Park or Reserve character of a Zone, a development boundaries. Examples include specific site plan wiU be prepared. accommodationdevelopments and interpretation centres. All site plans will be made available in draft form for public comment for a The National Parks and Wildlife Act 1970 period of not less than thirty days prior requires that/ in managingdevelopment on to finalisingand approving them, and reserved land, regard must be had to the subsequently whenever significant resource management and planningsystem modificationsare proposed to them. objectives. The legislative frameworkfor dealing with development continues to be All development will meet applicable refined and updated. statutory requirements.

Objectives - ManagingDevelopment Actions

. Avoid or minimise the impact of Confirm statutory requirements for development on Park and Reserve planning and building approval before values; proceeding. . Conserve the special tourism and recreation character of the Park and Where they apply, ensure compliance Reserve; and with relevant Australian standards. . Foster public confidencein approved developments. Ensure development is consistentwith the Tasmanian State Coastal Policy 1996. Policies Ensure the design/placement and . All development will accord with this construction of facilities is consistent managementplan. with the scenic values of the Park or Reserve. . All proposals for any development, landscapemodification, research, Rationalise provision of facilities where managementor maintenancework impacts or demand do not warrant the involving any ground breaking, number or type of facilities provided. structural disturbance, or environmental manipulation of any kind will be Provide visitors with on-site information assessedin accordancewith procedures about the intent and progress of any approved by the Director. significantdevelopments.

. Developmentwill be limited to that allowedby the zoning.

. In all Zones, site planning commensurate with the scale and type of proposed development wiUbe undertaken to control and guide development.

. Development in Visitor Services Zones will accord with an overall site plan for

38 Freycinet National Park and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

5 Tourism and Recreation

In this Section 5, references are to the and other water-based activities, launching FreycinetNational Park/ the Wye River State boats at Coles Bay. At Friendly Beaches, Reserve or both, depending on the context. surfing and fishing are popular activities.

Objectives - Understanding the Visit 5.1 Understanding the Park and Reserve Visit . Understand visitor pressures on the Park and Reserve; and . Provide the basis for effective visitor management. As one of the major recreational areas in Tasmania and the most accessible and well Policies known tourist destination on the East Coast/ the Park attracted an estimated 170 000 . Visitor research will be focussed on individual visitors (person-visits) in the improving the inventory and 1998/99 financialyear/ divided between understandingof visitor numbers and some 100 000 interstate or overseas visitors characteristics, behaviour, needs and and 70 000 Tasmardan visitors. expectations/ and assistingvisitor management. People staymg in the Park or nearby settlements may enter the Park many tunes Actions during their stay. This accounts for the some 255 000 person-entries over the same time . Collect visitor arrival information period. Person-entries are determined by regularly at major access points to the multiplying the number of times a vehicle Park and Reserve. crosses the traffic counter at the Park entrance at Coles Bay by a multiplier for the . Monitor and investigate visitor pressures average number of people carried by a on the Park and Reserve. vehicle. An unknownnumber of people enter the Park at other locations.

Person-entries are strongly seasonal/with 5. 2 Promoting the Park and some 64% occurring between December and Reserve April. The level of person-entries in January is about six times that of July. About 95% of all visitors are dayvisitors. The average Accordingto the Department of Tourism/ length of stay for other visitors is Sport and Recreation (1990), the growth approximately 2.8 nights. Some 82% of market in tourism and recreation is overnight visitors stay in the Park between composedof visitorswho arenot satisfied Decemberand April. with derivations or imitations of other places and experiences. The Commonwealth Visitor statistics are not available for the Department of Tourism (1994) state that Wye River State Reserve, but except for visitors seek experiences that are authentic through traffic on the Lake LeakeRoad, and incorporate learning, rather than visitor numbers are expected to be very low. contrived entertainment. In this regard, Freycinet National Park and the Wye River Schoolgroups, scout groups, outdoor State Reserve are places that are inherently recreation groups and bushwalktngclubs and uniquely attractive to visitors. regularly use the Park and its facilities. Much of the Park and Reserve is Visitors with boats use the beaches around characterisedby a recovering, or apparently the coastline of the Park as a base for fishing

39 FreycinetNational Park and Wye River State Reserve, ManagementPlan 2000 unspoiled natural environment/ spectacular . Develop and implement a visitor scenery, and peace and quiet. strategy for the Park, consistentwith this managementplan and the Statewide In the Park/ visitors come in close contact Visitor Strategy (Parks and Wildlife with wildlife/ magnificentbeaches and a Service, in prep). scenic environment, forming a peaceful and relaxing setting. In the Reserve, visitors . Liaise with Tourism Tasmania, the experience scenic and peaceful forests and Glamorgan SpringBay Council and local scenic outlooks. tourism groups in developing and implementing the visitor strategy and on The granite faces of the Hazardsand nearby provision of visitor information along sea cliffs are among the best known and roads leading to the Park and Reserve. most popular rock climbing areas in the State, and are used by school and recreation . Consider the relationship with other groups as well as recreational climbers. reserves in the region where this will improve the effectiveness of the strategy Good marketing and pre-visit information will attract visitors seeking the experiences . Publicise the features and values of the provided by the Park and Reserve and direct Park and Reserve. others to areas more suitable for their needs. It will also allow visitors to plan their visit to . Use visitor monitoring and research to the region to experience the variety of guide future marketing of the Park, attractions available. Reserve and related attractions.

The recreational opportunities and the scenic . Provide staff training in visitor reception beauty of the Park attract many people to the and communication. Coles Bay area eachsummer. Tourist facilities in the Park include Freycmet Lodge, the Youth Hostel Association of Tasmania 5. 3 Inte relation and Education (YHA) hostel, powered caravansites and campmg areas. Visitors are increasinglylooking to enjoy, According to the Tasmanian visitor survey understand and appreciate their visit (Tourism Tasmania, 1999), 19.7% of adult through high standard presentation of visitors to Tasmania in 1998 made a day visit information, interpretation and education. to Coles Bay/FreycinetPeninsula, that is, Interpretation and educationare critical to about 99 500 people. the delivery of quality Park and Reserve experiences/ as well as fostering an Objectives- Promoting the Park & Reserve appreciation of and caring attitude towards the Park and Reserve (Department of . Increasethe profile of the Park's and Tourism, Sport and Recreation, 1994). Reserve's features and values with potential visitors; and Freycinet National Park is the most popular . Encouragesustainable tourism and visits reserve on the east coast of Tasmania, but to the Park and Reserve and the region. relatively little information and interpretation services are currently Policies available. There is limited on-site interpretation, educationand information on . The Park and Reserve and surrounding Aboriginalheritage, old whalingstations/ areaswill be promoted cooperatively old mine workings and pastoral activities. with local and regional tourism groups. hiformationfor boatingvisitors is also limited. Actions Maps and notesheets are available. There . Establish an East Coast Interpretation are also information sheets on the common Centre m the Park. birds, plants and animals of the Park.

40 FreycinetNational Park and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

An East Coast Interpretation Centre is being . Use of the Park and Reserve for teaching developed in the Coles Bay Visitor Services about environmental and heritage values Zone. Interpretation m the Centre is to focus will be encouraged. on the values of the network of reserves in the east coast region, includmg the Park and . Schooland other groups undertaking Wye River State Reserve. educationalactivities will be encouraged to discuss their proposed program with The Park is an important educational staff when planning their visit. resource for students. It is also well used by youth groups/ scout groups and other Actions outdoor recreation groups. . In the light of the new EastCoast Limited materialhas beenprepared for Interpretation Centre and its interpretive interpretive use in the Reserve. Some focus/ prepare and implement an orientation and directional information is interpretation plan to guide provided. development of mterpretation for the Park. Objectives - Interpretation and Education . Provide visitors with pre-visit . Encouragepre-visit awareness of the information. recreational and tourism features, facilities, opportunities and experiences; . Upgrade interpretation for dayvisitors . Highlightthe diversity and values of the in the Visitor Services Zones/ with environmental and heritage features of priority on the Coles BayVisitor Services the Park and Reserve; Zone. . Explainthe different periods of people's use of the Park and Reserve; . Provide signs in the Coles BayVisitor . Encouragevisitors to pursue their Services Zone for visitors to orientate interests and explore what the Park and themselves and find key features. Reserve have to offer; . Utilise the educational values of the Park . Withthe cooperation of the Australian and Reserve; Maritime SafetyAuthority (AMSA), . Canvas issues to be confronted in provide interpretation at Cape Tourville. managingthe Park and Reserve; . Increasepublic awarenessof safety . Develop interpretation of the Aboriginal issues; and heritage of Freycinet National Park in . Limit visitor impacts on eachother and consultation with the Aboriginal on the Park and Reserve. community.

Policies . Develop educationpackages for use by school and other groups. . Highpriority will be given to provision of good quality visitor information and . Provide information about potential interpretation, particularly in the Coles hazards and encouragevisitors to adopt Bay Visitor ServicesZone. safe practices. In particular/ ensure users of the Wmeglass Bay lookout track are . Interpretation programs and facilities sufficientlyinformed. will be concentrated in the Visitor Services Zones. Some interpretation may . Inform visitors of Park and Reserve be provided m the Recreation Zone. No etiquette and minimal impactbehaviour interpretation facilities will be located in and practices/ including removal of the Conservation Zone. rubbish.

. Interpretation of the Parkwill focus on . Develop and disseminate guidelines for its marine, flora/ fauna/ geology, and boating from and sea access to the Park. Aboriginal and historic heritagevalues.

41 Freycinet National Park and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan1000

5.4 Access of an authority issued by the managing authority, or unless accompaniedby a Ranger or other person duly authorised The main road access to FreycinetNational by the Director. Park is via Coles Bay Road (C302), accessed 5.4. 1 Boating Access from the TasmanHighway (A3). The northern boundary of the Park canbe Fishing is very popular within Great Oyster reached from Harveys Farm Road. Bay and along the shores of the Park. Pleasure boats, yachts/ recreational and Some visitors to the Park arrive by sea. The commercial fishingboats anchor in sheltered principal anchoragesare WineglassBay, bays of the Park, especially Wineglass Bay Coles Bay and at Bryans Beach. The and Crocketts Bay on Schouten Island. anchoragesfor SchoutenIsland are at Boaters go ashore most often at Wmeglass Crocketts Bay and Moreys Bay. Bay, Cooks Beach and Bryans Beach on the pemnsula/ and at Crocketts Bay and Moreys Wye State Reserve can be reached by the LakeLeake Road (B34) whichruns through Bay on Schouten Island. Charter boat the middle of the Reserve. service operates in Great Oyster Bay. Each year/boats from events suchas the Sydney to Hobart yacht race and the Three Peaks Objectives - Access racevisit the Park. Monitoring and policing of boating activities and access to the Park in . Maintain, develop and promote remote areas is difficult. opportunities for people, mcluding those with disabilities, to visit; The waters immediately offshore of . Protect Park and Reserve values by Richardsons Beach are very popular for concentrating and limiting developed swimming/ snorkelling and other water- visitor arrival points and travel routes to based activities. From time to time, concerns designatedlocations; are expressed about water-skiing/power- . Monitor and manage access by boating boating, netting and commercial fishmg visitors; and beingincompatible with more passive . Direct and develop accesswithin the activities undertaken in waters adjacent to Park and Reserve appropriate to the the Park. Under By-law 27 of the Marine and Zone in which it occurs. Safety (Motor Boats and Licences) By-laws 1998, made under the Marineand Safety Authority Policies Act 1997, visitors usmg boats are restricted to . In accordance with Section 25 of the Act speeds of 5 knots within 120 metres of any personin the waterand within 60 metres of and by virtue of this management plan, the shore or anymarine facility suchas a the following areas of Freycinet National Park are declared to be areas of the Park, jetty or moormg. to low water mark, to which the public There are no constructed boat ramps in the has not a general right of accessbetween Park but boats are often launched from and 1 October and 31 March: stored on Richardsons Beach. Trailer The Nuggets; launchingand retrieval of boats is available RefugeIsland; Promise Rock; at public boat ramps in Coles Bay. Boats are sometimes launched from the beach at Isaacs Lemon Rock; Half Lemon Rock; Point if an authority hasbeen issued and a Eastern Rock; and key obtained. A similar systemformerly The Taillefer Rocks. operated at Freshwater Lagoon, but, consistent with the recommendations of the An area which is subject of such a declaration is termed a "restricted area". site plan (Inspiring Places, 2000), is no longer available. . Exceptfor managementpurposes Policies approved by the Director, no personmay enter or remain in a restricted area . No landingfacilities, boat ramps/ or except in accordancewith the conditions jetties for boats will be allowed on any

42 FreycinetNational Park and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

shores of the Park, except for the jetty 5.4.2 Air Access facility at Freycinet Lodge, as provided for in the approval of its redevelopment. There are no aircraft landing grounds in the Thisjetty will provide short term Park or the Reserve. AMSA/ as part of its mooring for access to the resort but will lease agreements for Schouten Island and not to be used as a base for refuelling. Cape Tourville/ does not require an authority for air access to those leases. The use of boat trailers or the launching or retrieval of boats from trailers will not Policies be permitted on Richardsons Beach or any other beach in the Park, except with . Arrdrops withinthe Park or the Reserve an authority at IsaacsPoint. will only be allowed for management or emergency purposes. Campers with a booked Richardsons Beachcampsite may store small boats in . Except in an emergency/ or in the Park on Richardsons Beach for the accordance with AMSA's lease duration of their bookingonly. agreements, or for management purposes, all aircraft/ includmg Where boats are to be stored for longer helicopters and seaplanes, will require than two weeks/ an authoritywill be an authority, consistent with this required and, in such cases,boats must managementplan and the management be stored in the dingy rack at the zones/ to land or take off in the Park and northern end of Richardsons Beach. the Reserve/ as required by the National Parksand ReservedLand Regulations 1999. Exceptfor the above provisions, or for managementpurposes, boats will not be . Any proposal to establish regular or stored anywhereelse in the Park. frequent landing or taking off of aircraft, including helicopters and seaplanes/ will Boating visitors to the Park will be be released for public comment before subject to the same statutory and other approval. requirements as other visitors. Actions Constructed public boat ramp facilities will not be provided m the Park. . In consultation with the relevant stakeholders, develop, or make use of Actions existing overflight guidelines to minimise the impact of low flying Negotiate an agreement with Marine and aircraft on the recreational experiences of SafetyTasmania that no moorings will Park visitors and on wildlife. be authorised around the coastline of the Park except for the existing areas off 5.4.3 Vehicular Access Richardsons Beach and Fisheries Beach at Coles Bay. The roads leading to and through the Park are shownon Maps 2A and 2B. It is Develop and disseminate guidelinesfor important to note that where any of these boatmg from and sea access to the Park, roads pass through the Park/ they are part of includingwater skiing. the Park and therefore under the control of the Director and subject to the NationalParks Consider means for volunteer reporting and Wildlife Act 1970 and the National Parks (eg "Boatwatch")of the activities of and Reserved Land Regulations 1999. boatingvisitors within the Park. The Glamorgan-SpringBay Council Liaisewith Marine and SafetyTasmania maintains the section of Coles Bay Road as required to deal withboating and within the Park (now named Freycinet water sport activities, and in cooperation Drive). The road provides access for visitors with them, strictly enforce requirements and to the youth hostel/ aswell as to The for boating andwater sport activities in Fisheries. the waters off the Park.

43 FreycinetNational Parkand Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

Access to Sleepy Bay, the Cape Tourville Before construction of anynew roads or lighthouse and Bluestone Bay is gained via vehicular tracks, or re-routing of existing Cape Tourville Road. The lighthouse is a ones, survey the proposed route for popular destination for visitors because it is diseaserisk, habitat and species accessibleby car, but the standard of significance,and heritage significance. maintenanceis unsuitable for the large numbers of visitors who drive there. The impacts of vehicular use of Friendly Beaches will be monitored and use Recreational vehicle driving occurs on modified or prohibited if the need arises sections of the Friendly Beaches at (for example during the breedingseason designated times of year provided an of shore birds). authority has been obtained, and on designated formed tracks year round. Illegal Vehicleuse on the designatedsection of use of trail bikes and off road vehicles occurs Friendly Beaches will be limited to the in the Park, withparticular problems area of beachbetween high water mark occurring on the FriendlyBeaches and and low water mark. around SaltwaterLagoon and Freshwater Lagoon. Except for management purposes, vehicle accesswill not be permitted In the north of the Park there are a small around the western side of Freshwater number of vehicular roads and tracks, Lagoon or to Saltwater Lagoon. including access tracks to freehold blocks surrounded by the Park. Roads and vehicular track development and maintenance will accord with the The Wye River State Reserve is dividedby prescriptions of Section 4. 5. the Lake Leake Road and there are a few vehicular tracks into the Reserve from this Actions road. Liaise with the Glamorgan-Spring Bay Policies Council on traffic and pedestrian safety measures on the road between the Park . No new roads will be constructed in the entrance and the Wmeglass Bay carpark. Park south of the WineglassBay carpark. Control vehicle speeds on roadswithin . Only vehicles registered for use on the Park. public roads will be allowed in the Park and Reserve. For fire managementpurposes, designate vehicular tracks to be retained . The existingroad to private land at or constructed as firebreaks or fire trails. Courland Baywill remain open for public vehicle access. All side tracks Preventprivate vehicle access to fire from this road will be closed to public trails and ftrebreaks or any other formed vehicle access. tracks designatedfor authorised/ licensed or managementpurposes only . Private use of motorised vehicles within the Park and Reserve/ including trail Where practicable/ensure barriers are bikes and off-roadvehicles, will only be sufficient to prevent illegal vehicle allowed on designatedformed roads in access,particularly to beaches. the Visitor Services Zones and Recreation Zone or/ subject to an Consistent with the recommendations of authority issuedby the managing the site plan, close the existingvehicle authority, designated sections of the track to the beachat FreshwaterLagoon Friendly Beaches at designated times. and prevent illegal vehicle access. Use anywhere else in the Park or Reserve, including beaches/ will not be Ensure roads and vehicular tracks are of allowed. a sufficient standard for their purpose and maintained to prevent erosion.

44 Freycinet National Park and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

. Subject to any agreement on public WineglassBay carpark. The extremely walking access to Courland Bay (see erodible granitic and sandy soils of the Park 5.4.4), develop a public turn around and mean that a track subjected to suchhigh use parkingarea and vehicle gate in a is difficult to mamtain, and is considered to suitable location along the access road in be unsafeby many visitors. Visitorshave the vicinity of the private land boundary slipped and fallen on the WmeglassBay lookout track, injuringthemselves and . Upgrade and regularly maintam the requiring rescue and medical attention. Cape Tourville road. Improvements havebeen made to the track and ongoingupgrading and maintenance . Redesignthe SleepyBay carpark and continues. adjacent road alignment to increaseits size and safety. Visitors withoutvehicles walk alongthe road to reach the Wineglass Bay carpark. An . Regularlymaintain the Whitewater alternative walkingroute between Wall/Bluestone Bay road to a stable, Richardsons Beach and the carpark could four wheel drive standard. provide increasedsafety and amenity for visitors on foot, and expand the range of . Improve the grade and safety of the walking opportunities. ramp connectmg the upper and lower levels of the WmeglassBay carpark. Other well used day walks include the track to Mt Amos and the Wineglass Bay/Hazards . Seal the lower section of the Wineglass Beach circuit track which contmues from Bay carpark. Wineglass Bay across the Isthmus to HazardsBeach, then along the coast to the . Construct and seal a bus parking area at carpark. All of these tracks receive highuse the WineglassBay carpark. and are subject to erosion which increases with gradient. At present, track . Consider installation of gravel overflow maintenanceis concentrated in thesehigh parallel parking along the entry road to use areaswhere tracks require virtually the WmeglassBay carpark. continual maintenance.

. Install signs to inform visitors of roads There is also a constructed track from the and vehicle tracks which are not suitable carpark at Sleepy Bay to the rocks and for conventional vehicles/ coaches/ shorelinebelow and contmumg south along caravans or trailers. the coast to a small, unnamed gravelly beach. Although upgradingwork hasbeen . Permanently close roads and vehicular undertaken/ some further improvements tracks not required for public or could be made. management use. The Peninsula Track is a circuit around the . Enforce controls on vehicle access. peninsulavia Mt Grahamand around Mt Freycinet providing a medium grade/ two to . Consider means for volunteer reporting four daywalk. Walkers also have the option (eg "Beachwatch")of the activities of of continumg on a short return track from vehicles on beaches within the Park. Cooks Corner to Bryans Beach

. Ensurevehicle accessby licence or No constructed tracks exist but walkers authority includes conditions to protect occasionallycontinue on from Bryans Beach environmental/ Aboriginal and historic to Passage Beach and around the eastern heritage values, and that these side of the peninsula to SlaughterhouseBay conditions are observed. and along to Gates Bluff.

5.4.4 WalkingAccess There has been increasing use of what is unofficially referred to as the Hazards The system of walkingtracks is well traverse/ along the ridge lines of Mt Parsons, developed within the Park, and all tracks on Mount Dove, Mt Amos and then exiting on the peninsulanow origmate from the the WineglassBay lookout track, or

45 Freycinet National Park and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000 continuingup over Mt Mawson and out onto 1998B) and accordingto any applicable the Isthmus Track. The route is used by site plan. private groups, school groups and at times tour operators. Seriousproblems are being . Where feasible, some disabled access reported along this traverse. Toilet wastes will be provided in the Visitor Services and erosion are of concern. It will be Zones. expensive to provide toilets and measures to control the environmental impacts occurring . To retain its natural character and are becomingnecessary. protect wilderness values, new walking tracks wiU not be constructed in the There are no establishedwalking tracks on Conservation Zone unless monitoring of SchoutenIsland except for the track to the routes indicates the need for minimal top of Bear Hill. Other parts of the island are surfacing and drainage for visited only occasionally. environmental protection purposes only.

There are no walking tracks in the Wye River . The impacts of walkers in the Park will State Reserve. be monitored and use modified if the need arises. Policies Actions . In all circumstances, pedestrians have right of way over any motor vehicle, . Upgrade and maintain the entire horse/ bicycle or other wheeled vehicle. Wineglass Bay track at "Walk" standard.

. In general, priority will be given to . If necessary to cater for the number of development of short walks within or users, redesignand reconstruct the from the Visitor Services Zones, or Wineglass Bay Lookout. within the Recreation Zone between Coles Bay and Cape Tourville/ over . Upgrade and maintam the entire Sleepy upgradingof longer walks. Bay track at "Walk" standard.

. Priority will be given to upgradingand . Identify and develop additional short mamtaining the Wineglass Bay track and walks at "Walk" standard in the Coles the SleepyBay track. Bay Visitor Services Zone.

. The standard of construction and . Develop a walking track from the Park maintenance of new or existing nature entrance to the Wineglass Bay carpark/ walks and walkingtracks in the Coles possiblyin combinationwith a bicycle Bay Visitor Services Zone will be "Walk' track. standard. . With the cooperation of AMSA, develop . Before construction of anynew walking a lookout and short walk m the vicinity tracks/ or re-routing of existingtracks/ of Cape Toundlle. survey the proposed route for disease risk, habitat and species significance/and . Exceptfor the WineglassBay and Sleepy heritage significance. Bay tracks (see above)/ upgrade and/or maintainexisting tracks in the Recreation . Walkingtrack development and Zone at "Track" standard. Give priority maintenance will accord with the to the Peninsulatrack in the vicinity of prescriptions of Section5.5. Mt Grahamand downto WineglassBay.

. Exact track locations and standards will . Reroute tracks or otherwise implement be determined, and construction measures to protect threatened species at undertaken, using appropriate risk from the siting or use of walking guidelines of the Walking Track tracks. ManagementManual (Blamey/1987) and/or the WalkingTrack Management Strategy (Parks and WildlifeService,

46 Freycinet 'NationalPark and Wye River StateReserve, ManagementPlan 2000

. Retain all existing tracks in the . The impacts of bicycle use in the Park Conservation Zone at their current will be monitored and use modified if classification. the need arises.

. In consultation with users, develop Actions practicable,but effective measures to protect environmental values along the . As a priority/ develop a bicycle track Hazards traverse. from the park entrance to the Wineglass Bay carpark. . Monitor use of the Hazards traverse and modify or increase protective measures . Provide bicycle racks, or similar as necessary. parking/storage facilities, at the Wtneglass Bay carpark . Investigate options for a walkingtrack linking the Bicheno end of the Park with . Prepare, disseminate and enforce a code the southern end. of practice for use of bicycles in the Park.

. Seek an agreement to allow public 5.4. 6 Horse Access walkingaccess to Courland BayBeach through private land. Horse riding has occurred in the inland areas south of Bichenorecently added to the Park. . Maintain and clearly mark all designated Use is intermittent and low in numbers. walkingtracks in Visitor Services Zones Ridingis done on existingfire trails and and the Recreation Zone. former forestry roads. Horse riding has never beenlegal on the beaches of the Park 5.4.5 Bicycle Access but some illegal use has beenreported.

Vehiculartracks are used by cyclists, Policies particularly by mountain bikes. Bikes are sometimes used illegally on walking tracks. . A person will require an authority granted by the managing authority to The use of bicycles, particularly mountain bring a horse or horses into the Park. bikes/ is increasing. On suitablevehicular Such an authority will be subject to this tracks, bicycle use canprovide enjoyment for management plan and any other visitors. Inappropriate use of bicycles can conditions required by the managing cause conflict with other users and impact on authority. environmental. Aboriginal and historic heritage. . Horses will be allowed/ provided an authorityhas been granted/ on Policies designated fire trails in the Recreation Zone within the area of the Park north of . In all circumstances,bicycle riders will Butlers Point added in 1999 (see Map 7 be required to give way to pedestrians for current trails). Withu-ithis area, and horses. horse trails may be relocated if fire trails are opened/ closed or relocated. . Bicycles will only be allowed on public roads and designatedvehicular tracks. . Horses wiU not be authorised elsewhere in the Park. . Bicycles will not be allowed anywherein the Park south of the Wineglass Bay . Horses will not be authorised in the Wye carpark. River State Reserve.

. Unless designatedfor both uses/ bicycles . In all circumstances/ horse riders and will not be allowed on anywalking handlerswill be required to give way to track. pedestrians.

47 Freycinet National Park - Northern Part Map 7 HORSETRAILS

Visitor Services Zone

Recreation Zone ma Conservation Zone

. . . . . Designated Horse Trail (may be varied, seetext) -. -. - Trail for which an authority to move stock may be issued Kn,.yoe,ssu^^

TASMAN

The impacts of horse use in the Parkwill protection/ conservation and maintenanceof be monitored and routes and use the natural and heritage values. modified if the need arises. Facilities and services currently provided Actions include interpretation booths, signs, an outdoor theatre used for interpretation Prepare/ disseminate and apply a code of programs, carparks/ marked waUdngtracks, practice for the use of horses in the Park. a nature trail/ vehicle-accessedcamping areas and powered caravansites at Before construction or re-routing of any Richardson Beach, vehicle-accessed camping horse tracks in the area of the Recreation areas at Honeymoon Bay/ IsaacsPoint, and Zone designatedfor their use, survey the WhitewaterWall, day use areaswith electric proposed route for traffic risks, disease barbecues,fireplaces and picnic tables/ risk/ habitatand species significance,and toilets, water tanks, water taps, and a large heritage significance. public shelter at Ranger Creek. These facilities are insufficient to service the large Consistent with Section 6. 1, seek numbers of dayvisitors to the Park. assistancefrom horse riding groups to Facilities provided for campers/ especially in construct, maintain or upgrade the Coles BayVisitor ServicesZone are also designated tracks. insufficient.

There is a network of walking tracks tn the 5. 5 Developing Facilities and Park. There are a number of camping areas Services for walkers and boaters. Designated areas are located at WineglassBay, HazardsBeach and Cooks Beach, all of whichhave pit toilets. Designatedcamping areaswithout Freycinet National Park is a valuable toilets include Bryans Comer and the tourism, recreational and educational western end of Crocketts Bay on Schouten resource which the Parks and Wildlife Island. Servicehas an mterest in developing further. It is the most popular State reserve on the Basic facilities for visitors who arrive by sea east coast of Tasmania. Good quality are limited, particularly on Schouten facilities and services, developed to a high Island. There are few signs at popular standard/ and whichrespect and anchoragesinforming visitors about use of complement the inherent values of the place, the Park. are neededto provide opportunities for visitors to experience the Park. Wye River There are two accommodation facilities State Reserve hasvalue as a low key visitor located withinthe Park, FreycinetLodge and destination. the youth hostel.

Because of their inherent values/ the Park Coles Bay, the Park and FreycinetLodge and Reserve do not need invented obtain town water from the Council's weir attractions. Inappropriate development on an unnamed creek/ north of Mosquito could have a detrimental impact on the Creek and the Park. The Council is also tourism and recreational character of the licensed to draw water from dams within the Park and the Reserve, both in very obvious Park at the Middleton Creek tin mines to top and immediateways, and in more subtle, up the town water supply dam. The old incrementalways. dam near the Sleepy Bay Road provides fire fighting back-up for Freycinet Lodge. In the case of Freycmet NationalPark, nature conservation and recreational use are the Sewage disposal is provided by the sewage two major values of the Park. Conservation lagoons located near the Park entrance. of the Park'snatural and heritage values largely depends on management of human There are presently no facilities for the use of the Park. Conversely, the recreational disabled, and no nature trails or high grade, and tourism values of the Parkrely on short and easy interpretive walks. The steep walk as far as the lookout over Wineglass

49 FreycinetNational Park and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

Bay is the nearest interpretive walk to the conservationplans, and the visitor Park entrance. The northern end of strategy prepared for the Park. WineglassBay beach is popular for day use, but there is no toilet nearby. . All tourism and recreation will accord with requirements and codes established Overall, the provision of facilities and by the Parks and Wildlife Service for services for day visitors/ particularly in the sustainable environmental practices and Coles BayVisitor ServicesZone where most behaviourand protection of heritage day visitors arrive, is poor. While the new values. EastCoast Interpretation Centre will provide additional facilities and interpretation, . Tourism and recreation facilities and improved walking, viewingand services will be provided principally in interpretation opportunities are needed. the Visitor Services Zones.

No visitor facilities are provided at Wye . Priority will be given to developing River State Reserve except for a lookout on visitor facilities in Visitor Services Zones the Lake Leake road at Flat Rock Lookout. before the Recreation Zone.

Objectives - Developing Visitor Facilities & . The range of visitor facilities provided Services wiU complement rather than replicate those whichare or could be provided in . Provide opportunides for activities, nearby areas. relaxation, contemplation, enjoyment and educationalexperiences through . To ensure equity of access for visitors, a direct contact or participatory maximum 14 day occupancy time limit involvement with the values of the Park for people and camping equipment will and Reserve; apply to all camp sites in the Parkunless . Enrichvisitor experiences of the Park otherwise authorised. The managing and Reserve; authority may also designate intervals . Encourageunderstanding of and between repeat visits. support for nationalparks and State reserves by highlightingand presenting . Proposals for licensed camps will be their values; considered in accordance with this . Safeguardthe special tourism and management plan/ and provided that recreational character of the Park and the licence conditions are consistent for all Reserve; licensed camp licences issued withinthe . Minimise impacts on Park and Reserve same zone. values; . Promote sound/ sustainable, . No permanent infrastructure for licensed environmentalbehaviour and practices; camps, such ashuts, jetties, equipment . Contribute directly to meeting the costs cachesor storage depots, will be of researching, protecting, and managing allowed. the Park and Reserve; and . Provide economic benefit to the . Major new facilities in the Visitor community. Services Zones/ such as a visitor centre/ toilets and picnic facilities, will provide While flexibility in response to visitor needs, for people with disabilities. budgetary circumstances and protection of Park and Reserve values must be 5. 5. 1 Coles Bay Visitor Services Zone maintained/ the general policies for development of visitor facilities and services While the exact provision and extent of are set out below. visitor and management facilities depends on the preparation and implementation of Policies the site plan for the Zone and on funding, the Zone is intended to serve as the principal . All tourism and recreational location for development of facilities for development will conform with this visitors to the Park. A site plan for this Zone managementplan/ site plans, hasbeen prepared and is being

50 FreycinetNational Park and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

implemented. A key development to be improve dayuse facilities. unplemented as a result of the site plan is the new EastCoast Interpretation Centre. . Upgrade campground toilets.

Policies . Improve the facilities provided for camping/ includmg group camping. . Overnight and day visitors will be provided for in this Zone. 5. 5. 2 Isaacs Point Visitor Services Zone

. Facilitiesmay include built This Zone is used regularly by surfers/ accommodation on existing leased or campers/ fishers and day visitors. Site licensed land/ camping, a licensed camp, planningfor this Zonehas been undertaken visitor mformation and interpretation and is being implemented. buildings, picnic facilities/ nature trails, interpretive displays, toilets, Policies managementbuildings and management facilities. . Overnight and day visitors will be provided for in this Zone. . Construction and maintenance in the Zone will be sufficient to withstand the . Facilities may include camping/ a impact of visitors. licensed camp, picnic shelters and barbeques, nature trails, interpretive . Potential uses of any historic feature will displays, toilets/ and roof water be determined by preparation of a collection. conservationplan (see Section3. 5.2). . Camping will be allowed only in . Campingwill be allowed only m designatedcamping areas. designated camping areas. . A maximum of one licensed camp will . A maximum of one licensed camp will be allowed in this Zone. be allowed in this Zone. . Construction and maintenance will be . Visitors will be encouraged to take their sufficient to withstand the impact of the rubbish with them. anticipatednumber of visitors.

. Vehicularaccess and boat launchingand . Exceptfor managementpurposes/ fires storing will be allowed in accordance will not be allowed in the Zone, which with Sections 5.4. 1 and 5.4.3. will be a fuel stove only area.

. Prioritywill be givento developingand . Visitors will be encouraged to take their publicisingshort walks and viewing rubbish with them. spots additional to those already available/ includmg access for people Actions with disabilities. . Complete and implement site planning Actions for the Zone.

. Implement the site plan for the Zone. 5.5.3 Whitewater Wall Visitor Services Zone . Encouragecampers to bring fuel stoves. This Zone is a major destinationsite for . Provide electric barbeques for visitor climbers. The cliffs of Whitewater Wall near use. Bluestone Bay are regularly used for rock climbing and abseiling for recreational and . Investigate options for improving supply trainingpurposes. Vehicle access is not of drinkingwater. suitable for two wheel drive vehicles and this limits visitor numbers and creates a . Replace the existing public shelter and particular character.

51 FreycinetNational Park and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

Policies Exceptfor managementpurposes/ fires will not be allowed in the Zone, which . Types of recreational uses and levels of will be a fuel stove only area. use will be limited to those which minimise impacts on environmental and Visitors will be required to remove their heritagefeatures and values. rubbish.

. Overnight and day visitors will be Actions provided for in this Zone. Complete implementation of the site . Facilitiesmay include camping, a planningfor the Zone. licensed camp, walkingtracks/ interpretive displays/ toilets/ and roof Monitor visitor impacts and if necessary water collection. modify facilities/ services and uses.

. Campmg will be allowed only in Inform visitors of the drinking quality of designated camping areas. any water source provided.

. A maximum of one licensed camp will be allowed in this Zone.

Table 2 Summary of Permitted Facilities, Services, and Activities in Freycinet National Park and Wye River State Reserve by Management Zone

e = existing, p = potential

Management Zone

Facility, Coles Bay Isaacs Ft Whitewater Recreation Conservation Service or Use vsz vsz Wall VSZ Zone Zone

Built accommodation Yes (p) No No No No Camping Yes (e) Yes (e) Yes (e) Yes (e) No Poweredcampsites Yes (e) No No No No Licensed camp Yes (p) Yes (p) Yes (e) Yes (e, p) No Bicycles Yes (e) Yes (e) Yes (e) Conditional (p) No Vehicles Yes (e) Yes (e) Yes (e) Conditional (e) No Walkingtracks Yes (e, p) Yes (e) Yes (e/ p) Conditional (e, p) No new tracks Toilets Yes (e, p) Yes (e, p) Yes (e) Yes(e, p) No Showers Yes(p) No No No No Fires Conditional (e) No No No No Gas/electric barbeques Yes (p) No No No No Swimming Yes (e) Yes (e) Yes (e) Yes (e) Yes (e) Seafishing Yes (e) Yes (e) Yes (e) Yes (e) Yes (e) Picnic facilities Yes (e, p) Yes (e, p) No No No Animals not native No No No No No Hunting No No No No No Horse Riding No No No Conditional (p) No Interpretive displays Yes (e, p) Yes (p) Yes (p) Yes No Direction signs Yes (e, p) Yes (e, p) Yes(e, p) Yes (e, p) No Rubbish Collection Yes (e) No No No No

52 FreycinetNational Parkand Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan2000

5. 5.4 Recreation Zone . Except for management purposes/ fires The Zone includes the outstanding will not be allowed in the Zone, which WineglassBay and the scenic lookout on the will be a fuel stove only area. Hazards. These features have become tourism icons of the Park. Although . Visitorswill be required to remove their WineglassBay is heavilyvisited, retention of rubbish. its scenic qualities and apparentlypristine and remote character is essential if its role as Actions an icon is to be retained. Much of the remainder of the Zone is essentially a . Develop a lookout with associated corridor for recreational travel and access, or interpretation and parkingnear the top for beachuse. The parts of the Wye River of the steep paved section of the Cape State Reserve within this Zone are also Tourville road. covered by Section 5.5.6 . Withthe agreement of AMSA/ develop a Policies lookout with associated interpretation and parking in the vicinity of the Cape . Types of recreational uses and levels of Tourville lighthouse. use will be limited to those which minimise impacts on environmental and . With the agreement of AMSA, develop a heritage features and values. short interpretive "Walk" standard track of less that one hour duration in the . Facilities, dependingon the location/ vicinity of the Cape Tourville lighthouse. may include campingareas, licensed camps (see below), vehicle tracks for . Maintainand/ as necessary, upgrade public and/or managementpurposes, tracks to ensure protection of the horse and bike tracks on designated environment and the reasonable safety of routes, signs, toilets, and roof water users. collection. . Clearly mark tracks. . Activities in the Recreation Zone south of Coles Bay will not be allowed if they . Monitor user impacts. appreciablycompromise the character of natural quiet and tranquillity in the 5. 5. 5 Conservation Zone Conservation Zone. Policies . Track marking and upgradingwill accord with prescriptions set out in . Exceptfor safety/ environmental or Sections 4.5 and 5.4.4. heritageprotection/ water supply links from the former tins mines to Coles Bay . Provided they are located not more than water supply, and fire management, new 500 metres from any existing designated structures or any other type of public camping areas, licensed camps development (including new tracks) will may be allowed in this Zone at the not be aUowed. followinglocations only (see Section7. 2): Moreys Bay (western end only); . No visitor buildings or similar facilities Cooks Corner; will be provided. Bryans Corner; and south end of Hazards Beach. . Activities will not be allowed which compromise the character of wilderness, . A maximum of one licensed camp will natural quiet/ tranquillity and sense of be allowed in eachof the possible solitude in the Zone. locations listed above. . Except for management purposes, fires . Camping will only be authorised in will not be allowed in the Zone, which camping areas designated by the will be a fuel stove only area. managingauthority.

53 FreycinetNational Park and Wye River State Reserve, ManagementPlan 2000

. Camping will not be allowed. contribute to any external costs (for example road or sewerage . Licensedcamps will not be allowed. upgrading) resulting from the proposal; and Actions are sustainably achievable within the realistic capacity of management . Monitor user impacts. resources.

5. 5. 6 Wye River State Reserve Tourism and recreationdevelopment proposals will conform with and support Policies realisation of this management plan/ site plans/ conservation plans, and the Park . Exceptfor camping and use of horses visitor strategy. whichwill not be allowed, development in the Recreation Zone of the Wye River All proposals to develop tourism and State Reserve will be limited to that recreational opportunities in the Park allowed for in the Recreation Zone set and Reserve will adopt environmental out in Section 5.5.4. "best practice" methods for:

. Exceptfor the provisions of the sewage treatment; Conservation Zone set out in Section stormwater management; 5.5.5, development proposals will not be water supply; considered for the Conservation Zone of energy generation and conservation; the Wye River State Reserve. vehicle storage and maintenance; machinery installation and 5. 5.7 Assessing Development Proposals maintenance; fuel delivery and storage; and Refer also to Section 4. 5 Managing storage and disposal of solid and Development. liquid waste.

Policies Depending on the proposal, additional assessment guidelines and criteria may . Proposals to develop tourism and be required. recreational opportunities, facilities, or services in the Park or Reserve will be Development will complement existing consideredif they: facilities and services, foster visitor appreciationand understandingof the accord with the managementplan; Park or Reserve features and values/ and base themselves on the features and provide efficient/ high quality service to values of the Park or Reserve; the public. ensure the viability, diversity/ and values of environmental features and Any sale withm the Park of souvenirs processes are not damaged; and memorabilia will be focussed on adopt environmentally sustainable quality Tasmanian made merchandise operatingpractices and use directly related to the Park'sfeatures and environmentally "best practice" values. goods and technologies; behave and operate in a manner Tourism and recreation development compatible with protection of proposals will provide a clearly Aboriginaland historic heritage demonstrated benefit to the Tasmanian features and values; community. explain the principles of minimal impact on environmental and All development proposals requiring a heritagevalues to clients; licence or lease will submit a detailed avoid impact on the legitimate business and financial plan showmg at enjoyment and experienceby others least a three year projection of of the Park or Reserve features and operations, demonstrating financial values;

54 Freycinet National Park and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

viability while accordingwith this management plan.

Any publicly funded financial, infrastructure, managingauthority services, or environmental resource subsidyof a tourism or recreation proposal will be made explicit and public.

Tourism and recreation in the Park will directly and identifiablymake a contribution to research, conservation or management of the Park.

Actions

Develop and disseminate assessment guidelines and criteria for tourism and recreationproposals, including requirements and codes of sustainable environmental practices and behaviour.

Develop programs and mechanisms for tourism and recreation development to contribute to research, conservation and management of the Park.

Ensure all applicable statutory approvals and requirements are obtained and met.

55 FreycinetNational Park and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000 6 Involving The Community

6. 1 Communi Su ort 6.2 Workin with Nei hbours

Community support for the Park and The Parkis fringedby marine waters, Reserve is very important. A number of residential and rural private land, and State community groups and organisationsmake forest. Wye River State Reserve is regular use of the Park, as do local residents. surroundedby State forest and private land. There are also many individuals and family Development along the Coles Bay Road and groups from throughout Tasmaniawho visit in other areas around the Park can have an the Park. There are few visitors to the effect on the arrival experience of visitors. Reserve. Objectives- WorkingWith Neighbours Objectives - Community Support . Take account of concerns of neighbours . Develop community appreciationof and in managingthe Park and Reserve; support for Park and Reserve values; . Encourageconservation and sound land . Promote a positive image of the Park and managementpractices on lands Reserve and their contribution to the adjoiningthe Park and Reserve; community; and . Encourageconservation and sound . Encourage community involvement in management of marine waters adjoming Park and Reserve management. the Park; and . Enlist cooperation of neighboursin Policies conserving Park and Reserve values.

. Relevant people, communities and Policies groups will be consulted when their interests may be affected. . Neighbouringland owners and land and marine managerswill be consulted when . Partnerships will be developed with their interests may be affected. communities and groups that wish to be involved in the management of the Park . Managementagreements may be and Reserve in accordance with this developed with neighbours. management plan. . Land and marine management practices . Volunteers/ includingschool groups/ will which require off-reserve or cross tenure be encouragedwhen suitable, planned implementation to protect nahiral and and programmed works and adequate cultural values will be developed supervision are available. cooperatively with neighbours.

Actions Actions

. Develop mechanisms and opportunities . Regularly liaise and develop good for consulting with people interested in workingrelations with local management of the Park and Reserve. government/ adjacentland owners/ and land and marine managers on . Encourage community mvolvement management issues andprojects of through the Wildcare structure. common interest.

. Support Council planning mechanisms whichprotect or enhancethe scenic quality of approachesto the Park.

56 Freycinet National Park and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

7 Other Issues

7.1 Boundaries regulations and to conserve flora and fauna of the Park.

The YHA holds a lease on 2. 02 hectares in The marine environment around Freycinet the Park. NationalPark is a complementary and interdependentpart of the terrestrial AMSA holds two leases within the Park. A environment of the Park. However, it is not lease of .0513hectares incorporates the included in the Park. A number of small lighthouse and helipad at Chicken Point on blocks of Crown land, completely Schouten Island and a lease of . 1618 hectares surroundedby the Park, have not been incorporates the Cape Tourville lighthouse. incorporated into it. A large number of licensed tours operate in Objectives - Boundaries the Park. These tour operators provide opportunities for visitorswho may be . Improve conservation of natural and cultural values; and inexperienced,inadequately equipped or prefer a more guided visit. . Provide effective ecological and administrative boundaries. Objectives - Leases, Licences and Authorities Actions . Provide a range of tourism and . Incorporate the 4. 04 hectares of Crown recreational opportunities; land of the former quarry at Parsons . Provide efficient high quality facilities Cove m the Park. and services to visitors; . Manage and control uses and activities . Incorporate the Crown land parcel not undertakenby the managing straddling the former lower section of the Mt Amos track and associated authority; . Contribute to recovery of costs arising roadway easement m the Park. from leased/ licensed or authorised uses; and . Incorporate the parcel of unallocated . Ensure Park and Reserve values are Crown land and associatedroadway easement below the Hazards m the Park. protected. Policies . Clearly define the boundary between the Park and the Coles Bay township. . All leases, licences and authorities will be consistent with the managementplan. . Clearly define the boundary between the Park and The Fisheries. . Subjectto the NationalParks and Wildlife Act 1970and this managementplan, leases and licences to provide services 7.2 Leases, Licences and withinthe Park or licences to provide Authorities services within the Wye River State Reserve may be issued for tourism, recreation, or education purposes. Freycinet Lodge leases 4.53 hectares on Richardsons Beach in the Park. Under the . Authorities to conduct infrequent, terms of the lease/ the permission of the organised events or activities within the Director must be obtained to construct or Park or Reserve/ of not more than one alter buildings or make any improvements. week duration, may be issued by the The leaseholder is also required to observe Director. Where Section 25B of the

57 FreycinetNational Park and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

National Parks and Wildlife Act 1970 infrastructure or services provided by applies, a businesslicence will be bequests or commercial sponsorship may required. be attached to the infrastructure and include a companyname and logo but There will be no extension to the area of no product advertisingwiU be land leasedby Freycinet Lodgeand no authorised on suchplaques. further cabindevelopment beyond the existing capacity. 7.3 Statute Powers The YHA hostel may remam in the Park provided it continues to operate as a youth hostel, publicised and readily Surueyor-General accessiblefor use by all members of the Australian YHA and the affiliated world- . In consultation with the Director, the wide Youth Hostels Associations. Surveyor General is authorised to exercise all statutory powers under the The lease area of the YHA facility in the Survey Co-ordinationAct 1944in relation Park will be reduced from 2.02 hectares to establishment of new or maintenance to curtilage to allow fire management of existingpermanent survey marks work and to define the limits of the located in the Park or the Reserve facility. provided that: establishment of new permanent Expansionof the YHA hostel beyond its survey mark and associatedbeacons current bed capacityor approximate will be subject to the specificwritten budget standard of accommodation, or approval of the Director; transfer of the leased area to a non establishment, maintenance, removal community based organisation,will not and access for surveying and be authorised. maintenancepurposes will accord with this management plan/ Leases,licences and authorities may be including the accessrequirements of issued for anyZone in the Park or, in the Zones. case of Wye River State Reserve, licences and authorities, provided that they Marine and Safety Tasmania conform with the objectives and prescriptions for that Zone. Marine and SafetyTasmania maintain a navigation light on the peninsula at Consistent with Section4. 5 of this plan, a Weatherhead Point. site plan may be required before lease/ licence or authorityproposals are considered. . Marine and Safety Tasmania is Compliancewith the terms and authorised to exerciseits powers relating conditions of leases, licences and to navigational aids under the Marineand authorities wiU be monitored and Safety Authority Act 1997provided that reviewed prior to any renewal. where access is other thanby sea/ or any alterations to existing structures or New private memorials or provision of new structures are mvolved, commemorative plaques wiU not be such access or work has the written authorised in the Park. approval of the Director.

Public memorials or commemorative Australian Maritime Safety Authority plaques may be authorised in the Park if they commemorate events or people of The Australian Maritime SafetyAuthority the area that are of regional, state, (AMSA) matntam the navigational lights at national or international significance and Cape Tourville and ChickenPoint (Schouten are approved by the Director. Island) on leased land.

With the approval of the Director, . AMSA is authorised to exercise its plaques acknowledging Park

58 Freycinet National Parkand WyeRiver StateReserve, Management Plan 2000

powers under the Australian Maritime managingauthority. Safety Authority Act 1990relating to establishment, operation and . All research or monitoringwhich may maintenance of aids to marine have an impact on the Park or Reserve navigationat Cape Tourville and will require written approval of detailed Chicken Point (Schouten Island) in study proposals and methods before accordance with its lease provisions. work begins.

AMSA is authorised to exercise its . Researcherswill submit to the managing powers relating to aids to marine authority not less than three copies of all navigationunder the Australian Maritime work produced during the period of the Safety Authority Act 1990provided that research. The managing authority will where any works on adjoining land are determme requirements for the form of proposed, or where it is proposed to submission, its timing/ confidentiality, install anynew navigational aid or create and any other matters. any new structures outside of its existing leased areas, such works are consistent . Authorities for the collection of research with this managementplan and have the material within the Park or Reserve will written approval of the Director. not be issued where the managing authority determines that it is possible and appropriate to collect the material 7.4 Research and Monitorin outside them.

. Only researchthat does not have long term adverse effects on the Researchand monitoring assists environmental, heritage/ or aesthetic understandingand conservation of the values of the Park or Reserve will be values of the Park and Reserve and authorised. contributes to effective management. . The approval of the Tasmanian Objectives - Research and Monitoring Aboriginal community will be obtained for any researchinvolving Aboriginal . Improve the inventory and heritage. understanding of environmental and heritage features and processes; . Use the Park or Reserve, or parts of . Research will be encouraged which them, as scientific reference areas; improves the inventory and understandingof, or assistsmanagement . Improve knowledge and understanding of: of visitor behaviour; the environmental features and . Assess impacts/ including long term cumulative changesassociated with processes of the Park or Reserve; Aboriginal and historic heritage and development or use of the Park or Reserve; archaeological features of the Park or Reserve; . Achieve the management objectives for the Park or Reserve; and visitors, including numbers, characteristics/ behaviour, needs and . Assist, assess and improve management of the Park or Reserve. expectations.

Policies . Use and development practices will be monitored for their effects on Park or Reserve values/ and where necessary/ . All research and monitoring proposed m modified. this managementplan will depend on availability of fundingand other . Any cumulative changes in Park or necessary resources. Reserve values will be documented at . Researchand monitoring programs will regular intervals. accord with this management plan and . The efficacyof managementpractices policies and procedures approved by the and the effects of management actions on

59 FreycinetNational Park and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

Park or Reserve values will be monitored all development and other works and evaluated, and where necessary, planned, modified. As a minimum/ base scientific studies required/ evaluation on the performance indicators those responsiblefor eachstage of set out m Appendix4 . implementation, the anticipated costs, Relevant/ additionalmonitoring and the staff requirements/ and evaluation procedures developed during ongoing maintenance and monitoring the period of the plan may be applied requirements. when evaluatingmanagement of the Park and Reserve. . The implementation program will conform with the managementplan and other plans such as site plans, 7. 5 Administration conservationplans/ and the interpretation plan.

Actions Administratively, the Park and Reserve are part of the North Eastern District of the . Train staff to understand and implement Parks and WildlifeService, managedby a the managementplan. District Manager. Rangers are directly responsible for day to day management of it. . Review the implementation of the Work also is done by contractors and management plan annually and revise temporary staff. the implementation program if necessary. Baseany revision on analysis Objectives - Administration of past progress andincorporate newly identified requirements. Add a further . Coordinate and integrate management year's program at each annual review. and implementation of the management plan; . AnnuaUy evaluate the outcomes of . Ensure managementresponsibilities are managementagainst the objectivesof the efficiently and effectively carried out; managementplan. . Ensure public safety and prompt response in emergencies; and . Take into account any findings and . Enforce the management plan and recommendations from research, relevant Acts and Regulations. monitoring and evaluation of the condition and management of the Park 7. 5.1 Implementation and Reserve.

Policies 7. 5. 2 Search and Rescue, First-Aid

. The prescriptions of this plan will be Tasmania Police and the State Emergency subject to the provision of bindingand Service have primary responsibility for aU other resources sufficient to meet them, search and rescue within the Park and and may be prioritised by the Director of Reserve. The management staff at the Park National Parks and Wildlife at the receive many requests for first aid from Director's discretion according to visitors each year, and are involved in resource availability. several searchand rescue operations each year. . To coordinate effective implementation of this managementplan, a rolling Policies implementation program of at least three years duration, and linked to service . Resources for the Park and Reserve will agreements and other relevant be maintained at a level sufficient to operational plans, will be developed. provide a reasonable response to emergency situations. . The implementation programwill identify:

60 Freycinet National Park and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

Actions

. Cooperatewith TasmaniaPolice and State Emergency Services in search and rescue operations.

. Maintain a reasonable store of first-aid supplies.

. Educate and encourage visitors to adopt safe practices and provide them with sufficient information about potential hazards to enable them to make responsible decisions.

. Establisha risk management system that provides for regular identification, inspection, reporting and amelioration of existingand potential risks to public and staff safety.

7.5.3 Enforcement

Policies

. Within the Park and Reserve, authorised staff of the Parks and Wildlife Service/ and Tasmania Police, will be responsible for enforcing the provisions of the NationalParks and Wildlife Act 1970, the Aboriginal Relics Act 1975, Whales Protection Act 1988, Threatened Species Protection Act 1995, the National Parks and Reserved Land Regulations 1999, the Wildlife Regulations1999, the Aboriginal Relics Regulations 1978, and any other Acts for whichstaff may be authorised. . The Director of National Parks and Wildlifehas delegatedpowers to enforce provisions of the Commonwealth of Australia Historic ShipwrecksAct 1976.

. Staff may be authorised to enforce provisions of the Marine and Safety Authority Act 1997 and associated by- laws.

. Other law enforcement will be the responsibility of TasmaniaPolice.

61 FreycinetNational Park and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000 Glossary and Abbreviations

Biodiversity (biological diversity) means the variety of life forms: the different plants, animals and micro-orgardsms, the genes they contain, and the ecosystems they form. It is usually considered at four levels: genetic diversity, species diversity, ecosystem diversity and community diversity.

Conservation means all the processes and actions of looking after a place so as to retain its significance, always including protection, maintenance and monitoring.

Earth processes means the interactions/ changesand evolutionary development of geodiversity over tune.

Fire break means any natural or constructed discontinuity in a fuel bed used to segregate, stop, andcontrol the spread of a wildfire, or to provide a firelme from whichto suppress a fire.

Fire trail means a formed track whichprovides accessfor fire fightingvehicles and is built to specific standards.

Geoconservation means the conservation of geodiversity.

Geodiversity means the range or diversity of geological (bedrock)/ geomorphological (landform) and soil features, assemblages/systems and processes whichexist naturally.

Indigenous species means a species that occurs at a place within its historically known nahiral range and that forms part of the natural biodiversity of a place.

Introduced species means a translocated or alien species occurring at a place outside its historically known natural range as a result of intentional or accidental dispersal by human activities.

Licensed camp means a camping accommodation area licensed by the managing authority for exclusive use as part of a licensed visitor facility and/or service where any structures, equipment caches and the like associated with the operation, irrespective of the materials used in the structures: (a) are left on a site or sites for more than 14 days at a time; and (b) are temporary on a site or sites,being completely removed for longenough for some recovery of the site/s to take place/ and m all cases for a total of at least 12 consecutive weeks of any calendaryear. If anystructures, equipmentcaches and the like associatedwith the operationof anylicensed facility and/or service providing accommodation are not removed from a site or sites in accordancewith (b) above,they will be consideredbuildings for accommodationpurposes and will accord with the provision of this management plan for such buildings.

Local provenance means indigenous plant species growing in, or within five kilometres of the boundaries of/ Freycinet National Park or Wye River State Reserve (as the case may be) or seeds or other propagationmaterial collected from suchplants.

Natural integrity means the degree to which a natural system retams its condition and natural rate of changein terms of size,biodiversity, geodiversity and habitat.

Natural landscape means large/ relatively undisturbed area with topographic and catchment integrity where natural processes continue largely umnodified by human intervention.

Natural quiet means the natural ambientsound conditions, or the sounds of nature, and includes

62 FreycinetNational Park and Wye River StateReserve, Management Plan 2000

the sounds madeby water, weather, and indigenousplants and animals.

Protection means taking care of a place by maintenance and by managing impacts to ensure that significance is retained.

Threatened species means a species listed m the Schedulesof the Threatened SpeciesProtection Act 1995.

Note: Refer to The Burra Charter (Australia ICOMDS Inc, 1999) and The Conservation Plan (Kerr/ 1996) for definitions of historic heritage and cultural landscape terms.

AMSA Australian Maritime Safety Authority CAR Comprehensive/ Adequate and Representative IUCN International Union for the Conservation of Nature ICOMOS International Council on Monuments and Sites YHA Youth Hostel Association of Tasmania

63 Freycinet National Park and Wye River State Reserve, ManagementPlan 2000

References

AUSTRALIA ICOMOS INC/1999; The Burra Charter (The Australia ICOMOS Charter for Places of Cultural Significance);Australia ICOMOSInc, Sydney.

BACON, C. A. / & CORBETT, K.D-, 1984; The Schouten Island coalfield; Unpublished report 1984/37, Department of Mines, Tasmania.

BLAMEY/N. /1987;Walking track management manual: A guide to the construction, restoration and maintenance of walking tracks; Department of Lands,Parks and Wildlife, Tasmania and AustralianNational Parks and WildlifeService/ Australian Capital Territory

BRADBURY,]., 1993;A preliminary geoheritage inventory of the Eastern Tasmaniaterrane; Parks and Wildlife Service, Tasmania.

BRIGGS, J.D., & LEIGH, J.H., 1988; Rare or threatened Australian plants; Special Publication 14; Australian National Parks and Wildlife Service, Canberra.

BROWN, S./1986; Aboriginal Archaeological Resources in South East Tasmania; Occasional Paper No. 12, NationalParks and Wildlife Service, Hobart.

BROWN,S., 1991;Aboriginal Archaeological Sites in Eastern Tasmania;Occasional Paper No 31, Department of Parks, Wildlife and Heritage/ Tasmania.

BRYANT, S. L. & JACKSON/J, 1999; Tasmania's Threatened Fauna Handbook:What, Where and How to Protect Tasmania's Threatened Animals; Threatened Species Unit, Parks and Wildlife Service, Hobart.

BUCHANAN, A. M. (Ed), 3rd Edition 1999; A Census of the Vascular Plants of Tasmania and Index to The Students Flora of Tasmania; TasmanianHerbarium OccasionalPublication No 6

CHRISTIDIS,L., & BOLES,W. E., 1994; The and Species of Birds of Australia and its Territories, Royal Australasian Omithologists Union Monograph 2; RAOU, Melbourne.

COMMONWEALTHDEPARTMENT OF TOURISM,1994; National Ecotourism Strategy; Australian Government Publishing Service/ Canberra.

DAVIES/]., 1988;Land Systems of Tasmania: Region 6, South, East and Midlands - A Resource Classification Survey; Department of Agriculture, Tasmania.

EVANS/ K., 1993; Shore BasedWhaling in TasmaniaHistorical Research Project Volume 2: Site Histories; Report for the Parks and Wildlife Service, Tasmania.

FORESTRY TASMANIA/ DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT AND LAND MANAGEMENT/ & TASMANIAFIRE SERVICE, 1998; Inter-Agency Fire ManagementProtocol 1998; unpublished inter-agencyagreement, Hobart.

HARRIS/S., 1991;A summary of the flora conservationvalues and their management in Freycmet NationalPark; unpublished report. Department of Parks/Wildlife and Heritage, Tasmania.

HOCKING,G. J./1980;The occurrence of the New Holland mouse (Pseudomysnouaehollandiae Waterhouse) in Tasmania;Australian Wildlife Research 7:71-77.

INSPIRINGPLACES PTY LTD,2000; Freycinet National Park Visitor ServicesZone Site

64 Freycinet National Park and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

Development Plan;a report for Parksand Wildlife Service, Department of Primary Industries, Water and Environment, Hobart.

JACKSON,J. & HARVEY/ A., 2000; Freycinet National Park Freshwater FishSurveys 29 February 2000;unpublished report to the Parksand Wildlife Service, Department of Primary Industries, Water and Environment, Hobart.

KERR, J. S./1996; The Conservation Plan: A Guide to the Preparation of Conservation Plans for Places of European Cultural Significance; fourth edition. National Trust (NSW), Sydney

KOSTOGLOU/ P., 1995; Shore Based Whaling in Tasmania Archaeological Research Project Volume II: Results of Fieldwork; Report for the Parks and Wildlife Service/ Tasmania

LAZENBY,B. /1999;Vegetation associations and spatialrelations in the NewHolland Mouse Pseudomys novaehollandiae (Rodentia:Muridae) m Tasmania;unpublished Honours thesis, Zoology Department/ University of Tasmania. MACFIE/P., 1991;Schouten Island, An HistoricalSurvey 1800-1967; unpublished report for the Department of Parks, Wildlife and Heritage, Hobart. McGOWAN,A., 1984;A historicalarchaeological survey ofmainland Freycinet National Park; unpublishedreport. NationalParks and WildlifeService/ Tasmania. PARKSAND WILDLIFE SERVICE, 1995; Fire ManagementPlan Freycinet National Park and adjacent Crown LandAreas; Parks and Wildlife Service, Department of Environment and Land Management, Tasmania.

PARKS AND WILDLIFESERVICE, 1998A; Introduced Plants Policy; unpublished report for the Department of Environment and Land Management.

PARKS AND WILDLIFESERVICE/ 1998B; Walking Track Management Strategy for the TasmanianWilderness World HeritageArea, Volume 1 Main ReportJanuary 1994; Parks and WildlifeService, Department of Environmentand Land Management, Tasmania. PARKSAND WILDLIFE SERVICE/ in prep; StatewideVisitor Strategy; Parks and Wildlife Service,Department of PrimaryIndustries, Water and Environment, Tasmania. ROSE/R., 1998;Vertebrate Survey/ CrownLand, Coles Bay Road; unpublished report to the Tasmanian Parks and WUdlife Service, Hobart.

SMITH,B. J., & KERSHAW,R. C, 1981;Tasmanian land and freshwatermolluscs; Faunaof Tasmania Handbook No. 5; University of Tasmania, Hobart.

SNELGROVE,C. / & NOBLE,B., 1991;Freycinet Chateau Aboriginal investigation: results of impact mitigation work; unpublished report prepared for Department of Parks, Wildlife and Heritage, Tasmania. STANTON,S., 1998;East Coast Interpretation Centre / FriendlyBeaches Campsites - Aboriginal HeritageAssessment; unpublished report for Austral Archaeologyand the Tasmanian AboriginalLand Council/ Hobart/ Tasmania.

TASMANIANPUBLIC LAND USE COMMISSION/ 1996; Tasmania-Commonwealth Regional Forest Agreement Environment and Heritage Report Vol II Background Report Part C; Tasmanian Public Land Use Commission in conjunction with Commonwealth Forests Taskforce/ Hobart.

TASMANIAN PUBLIC LAND USE COMMISSION/ 1997; Tasmania-Commonwealth Regional Forest Agreement National Estate Report Background Report Part H; Tasmanian Public

65 Freycinet National Park and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

LandUse Commissionin conjunctionwith CommonwealthForests Taskforce, Hobart.

TOURISM, SPORT & RECREATION, DEFT OF/1990; The Implications of the Emerging Market for Tasmanian Tourism; Department of Tourism/ Sport and Recreation, Hobart.

TOURISM, SPORT & RECREATION, DEPT OF, 1994; Ecotourism: Adding value to tourism in natural areas;A discussionpaper on nahirebased tourism/ Department of Tourism, Sport and Recreation/ Hobart.

TOURISM TASMANIA, 1999; Tasmanian Visitor Survey, 1998; Tourism Tasmania, Hobart.

66 FreycinetNational Parkand Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

A endix 1

Flora of Freycinet National Park

e endemic to Tasmania

1 introduced to Tasmania T Listed in the Schedules of the Threatened Species Protection Act 1995

GYMNOSPERMAE

CUPRESSACEAE Callitris rhomboidea Oyster Bay Pine

PINACEAE Pinus radiata Radiata pine

DICOTYLEDONAE

AIZOACEAE Carpobrotus rossii Native Pigface Disphymacrassifolium Round-leaved Pigface Tetragonia implexicoma Ice-plant

AMARANTHACEAE Hemichroa pentandra Trailing Hemichroa

APIACEAE Apium prostratum Sea Parsley Centella cordifolia Centella Daucus glochidiatus Australian Carrot Eryngium vesiculosum Prostrate Blue Devil; Prick Foot Hydrocotyle hirta Hairy Pennywort Hydrocotyle muscosa Mossy Pennywort Hydrocotyle pterocarpa Wing Pennywort Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Entire-leafPennywort Lilaeopsispolyantha AustralianLilaeopsis Trachymene anisocarpa ParsnipTrachymene Xanthosia dissecta Cut-leaf Xanthosia Xanthosia pilosa Woolly Xanthosia Xanthosia pusilla Small Xanthosia Xanthosia tridentata Hill Xanthosia

APOCYNACEAE Alyxiabuxifolia Sea-box

ASTERACEAE Actiles megalocarpa Coastal Sow-Thistle Apalochlamys spectabilis Native Tobacco Argentipallium dealbatum White Everlasting Bedfordiasalicina Tasmanian Blanket Leaf Brachyscome aculeata Hill or CoarseDaisy Brachyscomecardiocarpa Swamp Daisy Brachyscome decipiens Field Daisy Brachyscomesieberi var. gunnii Sieber's Daisy

67 FreycinetNational Park and Wye River Slate Reserve, Management Plan 2000

Bracteantha subundulata Orange Everlasting Carduus tenuiflorus Winged Slender Thistle Cassinia aculeata Dolly Bush Chrysocephalumapiculatum Common Everlasting; Yellow Buttons Chrysocephalumsemipapposum Clustered Everlasting Cotula coronopifolia Water-buttons Craspedia glauca Common Billy-buttons Euchiton involucratus Star Cudweed Gamochaeta purpurea Purple Cudweed Helichrysum scorpioides Curling Everlasting Hypochoeris radicata Flat-weed; Cat's ear Lageniferahuegelii Coarse Bottle Daisy Lagenifera stipitata Blue Bottle Daisy Leontodon taraxacoides HairyHawkbit Leptinellalongipes Long Cotula Leptinellareptans CreepingCotula Leptorhynchoslinearis ShtnyButtons Leptorhynchos squamatus ScalyButtons Leucophyta brownii Cushion Bush M.icroseris lanceolata Native Dandelion Odixia angusta Thin Ixodia Oleariaargophylla Musk Olearia ciliata FringedDaisy Bush Olearia ericoides HeathyDaisy Bush Olearia erubescens DaisyBush Olearia lirata DustyDaisy Bush Oleariamyrsinoides Silky DaisyBush Olearia ramulosa Twiggy Daisy Bush Olearia viscosa ViscidDaisy Bush Ozothamnus costatifru ctus RibseedEverlasting Ozothamnusericifolius Heathy Everlasting Ozothamnus ferrugineus Tree Everlasting Ozothamnus obcordatus Grey Everlasting Ozothamnus reticulatus Reticulate Everlasting Ozothamnus scutellifoUus Scale-leafEverlasting Picrisangustifolia HawkweedOx-tongue Pseudognaphaliumluteo-album JerseyCudweed Senecio biserratus Groundsel Seneciohispidulus Hill Fireweed Senecio lautus Variable Groundsel SenecioImearifolius Fireweed; Fireweed Groundsel Senecio minimus Fireweed Senecio cjuadridentatus Cotton Fireweed Solenogyne dominii Flat-herb; Flatweed Sonchus asper Prickly Sow-thistle Sonchus oleraceus Sow-thistle Taraxacum officinale Common dandelion Vellereophyton dealbatum

BORAGINACEAE Cynoglossum australe Hound's Tongue; Forget-me-not T Cynoglossumlatifolium Forest Hound's Tongue T Cynoglossum suaveolens SweetHound's Tongue Myosotis australis Austral Forget-me-not

BRASSICACEAE Cakile edentula. American Sea-rocket Cakile maritima Sea-rocket

68 Freycinet National Park and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan2000

Cardaminepaucijuga Twisted Bittercress Lepidium desvauxii Bushy Peppercress Lepidiumfoliosum LeafyPeppercress Lepidium pseudotasmanicum Peppercress

CAMPANULACEAE Lobelia alata Angled Lobelia Lobelia gibbosa Tall Lobelia Lobelia pratioides Poison Lobelia T Lobelia rhombifolia Branched Lobelia T Pratiairrigua Salt Pratia Wahlenbergiagracilenta Annual Bluebell Wahlenbergia gracilis Australian Bluebell Wahlenbergiagymnoclada Naked Bluebell Wahlenbergia multicaulis Tadgells Bluebell Wahlenbergiastricta Erect or Tall Bluebell

CARYOPHYLLACEAE Colobanthus apetalus var. apetalus Coast Colobanth Gypsophilatubulosa Annual Chalkwort T Sagina.apetala Annual Pearl-wort 1 Scleranthusbiflorus Knawel; Twm-flower Knawel Spergularia media CoastalSand-spurry Stellaria flaccida Forest Starwort Stellaria media Chickweed Stellaria pungens Prickly Starwort

CASUARINACEAE Allocasuarina littoralis Bulloak Allocasuarinamonilifera Necklace Sheoak Allocasuarina paludosa Scrub Sheoak Allocasuarina verticillata Drooping Sheoak

CHENOPODIACEAE Atriplex billardierei Glistening Saltbush Atriplex prostrata Mat Saltbush Chenopodium glaucum Rhagodia candolleana Coastal Saltbush Sarcocornia blackiana Marsh Samphire Sarcocorniacfwncfueflora BeadedGlasswort; Samphu-e

CLUSIACEAE Hypericum gramineum Small St. Johns Wort

CONVOLVULACEAE Convolvulus erubescens Australianor BlushingBmdweed Dichondra repens Kidney-weed Wilsonia backhousei Narrow-leafWilsonia

CRASSULACEAE Crassula helmsii Swamp Stonecrop Crassula sieberiana Australian Stonecrop

CUNONIACEAE Bauera rubioides Bauera;Wiry Bauera

69 Freycinet NationalPark and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

DILLENIACEAE Hibbertia acicularis Prickly Guinea-flower Hibbertiaempetrifolia ScramblingGuinea-flower Hibbertia hirsuta Hairy Guinea-flower Hibbertiaprocumbens SpreadingGuinea-flower Hibbertia prostrata Prostrate Guinea-flower Hibbertia riparia Erect Gumea-flower Hibbertia sericea Silky Gutnea-flower

DROSERACEAE Drosera binata Forked Sundew Drosera macrantha Climbing Sundew Drosera peltata Pale Sundew Drosera pygmaea Dwarf Sundew Drosera spatulata Rosy Sundew

EPACRIDACEAE Acrotriche serrulata Ant's Delight Astroloma hiimifusum Native Cranberry Astrolomapinifolium Soft Cranberry Heath Brachyloma ciliatum Ciliate Brachyloma Brachyloma depressum Spreading Brachyloma T Cyathodes divaricata Divaricate Cheeseberry e Epacrisbarbata Bearded Heath e, T Epacris gunnii Gunn's Heath Epacris impressa Common Heath Epacris lanuginosa Swamp Heath;Woolly-style Heath Epacris myrtifolia Thick-leaf coastal Heath e Epacrisoblusifolia Blunt-leafed Heath Epacris tasmanica Tasman Heath e Leucopogon australis Spike Beard-heath Leucopogoncollinus White Beard-heath Leucopogon ericoides Pink Beard-heath Leucopogonparuiflorus Currant Bush; Coast Beard-heath Leucopogon virgatus Common Beard-heath Lissanthe strigosa PeachBerry; PeachHeath Monotoca elliptica Tree Broom-heath Monotoca glauca Golden Wood Monotoca scoparia Prickly Broom-heath Monotoca submutica Round-leaf Monotoca e Pentachondra involucrata Southern endemic Pentachondra e Sprengelia incarnata Pink Swamp Heath Stypheliaadscendens Golden Heath

ERICACEAE Gaultheria hispida Snow Berry

EUPHORBIACEAE Amperea xiphoclada Broom Spurge Beyeria viscosa Pinkwood Euphorbia lathyrus Caper Spurge i Euphorbia paralias Sea-spurge i Phyllanthus australis Austral Spurge Phyllanthus gunnii ShrubbySpurge Poranthera microphylla Small Poranthera Pseudanthusovalifolius Oval-leaved Pseudanthus Ricinocarpospinifolius Wedding bush

70 Freycinet National Park and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

FABACEAE Almaleea subumbellata WiryBush-pea Aotus ericoides Golden Pea; Common Aohis Bossiaea cinerea ShowyBossiaea Bossiaea prostrata CreepingBossiaea Daviesiaulicifolia Native Gorse Dillwynia cinerascens Grey Parrot Pea Dillwynia glaberrima Smooth Parrot Pea Dillwyniasericea ShowyParrot Pea Glycine clandestina Twining Glycine Gompholobiumhuegelii Bladder-pea; Pale Wedge-pea; Karella Goodialotifolia var. lotifolia Clovertree; Golden tip Houea Unearis Common Hovea Indigoferaaustralis Native Indigo Kennedia prostrata Running Postman Kennediarubicunda Melilotus indicus Melilot Oxylobium ellipticum Golden Rosemary Phyllota diffusa Tasman Phyllota Platylobium formosum HandsomeFlat-pea Platylobium obtusangulum Common Flat-pea Platylobium triangulare Ivy Flat-pea Pultenaeadaphnoides var. obcordata Native Daphne Pultenaea dentata Button Pea Pultenaea gunnii Golden Bush-pea PuUenaea juniperina Prickly Beauty Pultenaea pedunculata Matted Bush-pea Pultenaea stricta Rigid Bush-pea Pultenaea tenuifolia Slender Bush-pea Sphaerolobiumminus Globe Pea Trifolium glomeratum Clustered Clover Ulex europaeus Gorse Vicia sativa Vetch Vicia tetrasperma Four-seeded Slender Vetch

GENTIANACEAE Centaurium erythraea Common Centaury 1 Centaurium spicatum Australian Centaury T Sebaeaalbidiflora White Sebaea Sebaea ovata Yellow Centaury

GERANIACEAE Geranium potentilloides Mountain Geranium Geranium solanderi Native Geranium; Austral CranesbiU Pelargoniumaustrale Wild Geranium Pelargoniuminodorum Kopata

GOODENIACEAE Dampierastricta Blue Dampiera Goodeniahumilis SwampGoodenia Goodenia lanata Native Primrose Goodenia ovata Parrot's Food Scaevola hookeri Creeping Fan-flower Selliera radicans Swamp-weed

GYROSTEMONACEAE Gyrostemon thesioides Didymotheca

71 Freycinet NationalPark and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

HALORAGACEAE Gonocarpus humilis Low Raspwort Gonocarpus tetragynus Common Raspwort Gonocarpus teucrioides Raspwort Myriophyllumpedunculatum var. longibracteolatum Mat Water-milfoil Myriophyllum pedunculatumvar. pedunculatum Mat Water-milfoil

LAMIACEAE Ajuga australis Austral Bugle M.entha diemenica Slender Mint Prostanthera lasianthos Christmas Bush Prunella uulgaris Self-heal 1 Westringiaangustifolia ScabrousWestrtngia e/T Westringiabrevifolia Native Rosemary e Westringiabrevifolia var. raleighii Native Rosemary e/T Westringia rigida Stiff WesternRosemary

LAURACEAE Cassytha glabella Slender or Tangled Dodder-laurel Cassythamelantha LargeDodder-laurel Cassytha pubescens Hairy Dodder-laurel

LENTIBULARIACEAE Utricularia dichotoma Bladderwort; Fairies' Aprons Utricularia lateriflora Tiny Bladderwort

LINACEAE Linum marginale Wild or Native Flax

LOGANIACEAE Mitrasacme pilosa Hairy Mitrewort M.itrasacmepilosa var stuartii Stuart's Hairy Mitrewort

MALVACEAE Lawrenciaspicata Salt Lawrencia Malvaparuiflora Small-flower Mallow

MENYANTHACEAE Villarsia reniformis Yellow or RunningMarsh-flower

MIMOSACEAE Acacia dealbata Silver Wattle Acaciagenistifolia Spreadingor Early Wattle Acacia gunnii Ploughshare Wattle Acacia meamsii Black Wattle Acacia melanoxylon Blackwood Acacia mucronata Variable Sallow Wattle Acaciamucronata var. longifolia Variable Sallow Wattle Acaciamyrtifolia Myrtle Wattle Acacia sophorae Coast Wattle; False Boobialla Acacia stricta Hop Wattle Acacia suaveolens Sweet Wattle Acacia terminalis Sunshine Wattle Acaciaulicifolia JuniperWattle Acacia verticillata PricklyMoses Acaciaverticillata var. ovoidea Prickly Mimosa; Echidna Wattle Acaciaverticillata var. verticillata Prickly Mimosa; EchidnaWattle

72 FreycinetNational Park and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

MONIMIACEAE Atherosperma moschatum Sassafras

MYOPORACEAE Myoporum insulare Boobialla

MYRTACEAE Baeckea ramosissima Baeckea;Rosy Heath-myrtle Callistemon pallidus Lemon Bottlebrush Callistemon viridiflorus PricklyBottlebrush e Calytrix tetragona Frmge-myrtle Eucalyptusamygdalina Black Peppermint e Eucalyptus delegatensis White-topped Stringy Bark Eucalyptus globulus Tasmanian Blue Gum Eucalyptus oblicjua Brown-top or Messmate Strmgybark Eucalyptus ovata Swamp/ Black or Marrawah Gum Eucalyptuspulchella White Peppermmt e Eucalyptus sieberi Tasmanian Ironbark Eucalyptus tenuiramis Silver Peppermint e Kunzea ambigua White Kunzea Leptospermum glaucescens Semi-glaucousTea-tree e Leptospermumgrandiflorum Grand Tea-tree e Leptospermum lanigerum Woolly Tea-tree Leptospermum scoparium Large Manuka Leptospermum scoparium var. scoparium Manuka Melaleucaericifolia Swamp Paperbark Melaleucagibbosa Small-leaved Melaleuca Melaleuca pustulata Cranbrook Paperbark e, T M-elaleuca scjuamea Swamp Melaleuca Melaleuca squarrosa Scented Paperbark Thryptomene micrantha HeathMyrtle; RibbedThryptomene T

OLEACEAE Notelaea ligustrina Native Olive

ONAGRACEAE Epilobium curtisiae Bald-seeded Willowherb

OXALIDACEAE Oxalis corniculata Yellow Wood Sorrel Oxalis perennans Native Oxalis

PITTOSPORACEAE Billardieralongiflora ClimbingBlueberry Billardiera scandens Apple-berry Bursaria spinosa Prickly Box Pittosporum bicolor Cheesewood Rhytidosporumprocumbens Mary's Flower

PLANTAGINACEAE Plantagocoronopus Buck's-horn Plantam i Plantago debilis Shade Plantain T Plantago lanceolata Ribwort i Plantago varia Variable Plantain

73 Freycinet National Park and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

POLYGALACEAE Comespermacalymega Spikeor Blue-spike Milkwort Comesperma ericinum HeathyMilkwort Comesperma retusum Purple or Mountain Milkwort Comesperma volubile Blue Love Creeper

POLYGONACEAE Muehlenbeckia adpressa ClimbingLignum Rumex brownii Swamp or SlenderDock

PRIMULACEAE Samolusrepens CreepingBrookweed

PROTEACEAE Banksiamarginata Silver Banksia Conospermum hookeri Variable Smoke-bush e, T Hakeaepiglottis Beaked Hakea e Hakea lissosperma Needle Bush; Mountain Needlewood Hakeamegadenia Lesser Beaked Hakea e, T Hakea nodosa Yellow Hakea Hakeateretifolia Dagger Hakea Lomatia tinctoria Guitar Plant e Persooniajuniperina Prickly Geebung Persoonia juniperina var. mollis Prickly Geebung e Persoonia juniperina var. ulicina Prickly Geebung e

RANUNCULACEAE Clematis aristata Australian Clematis Clematis gentianoides Rock Clematis

RHAMNACEAE Cryptandm exilis Coastal Cryptandra e Pomaderris apetala Dogwood Pomaderriselliptica Yellow Dogwood Pomaderrispilifera Hairy Yellow Dogwood Spyridium eriocephalum HeathSpyridium T Spyridium obovatum Dusty Miller e Spyridium obovatum var. velutinum Velvet-leafSpyridium e Spyridiumvexilliferum WingedSpyridium T Stenanthemumpimeleoides SpreadingStenanthemum e/ T

ROSACEAE Acaena echinata Sheep's Burr Acaenanouae-zelandiae Buzzy;Biddy-widdy Acaena ovina var. velutina Sheep'sBurr Rubusparvifolius Native Raspberry

RUBIACEAE Galium australe Tangled Bedstraw Galium gaudichaudii Rough Bedstraw Opercularia ovata Broad-leaf Stinkweed Opercularia varia Variable Stinkweed

RUTACEAE Boronia anemonifolia Stinking Boronia Boronia citriodora Lemon-scented Boronia Boronia nana Dwarf Boronia Boronia paruiflora Swamp Boronia

74 Freycinet National Park and Wye River Stale Reserve, Management Plan 2000

Boronia pilosa HairyBoronia Boronia pilosa var. floribunda HairyBoronia Boronia pilosa var. pilosa Hairy Boronia Correa alba White Correa Correa reflexa Common Correa Correareflexa var. reflexa Common Correa Leionema bilobum Truncate Phebalium Philotheca verrucosa Fairy Wax-flower Philothecavirgata Twiggy Wax-flower Zieria arborescens Stmkwood Zfen'a cytisoides Downyor DwarfZieria

SANTALACEAE Exocarposcupressiformis Native Cherry Exocarpos strictus Dwarf Cherry; Pale Fruit Ballart Leptomeria drupacea Drupe Bush Leptomeria glomerata CreepingTasman Sandalwood

SAPINDACEAE Dodonaeaviscosa Broadleavehop-bush

SCROPHULARIACEAE Euphrasiacollina Purple Eyebright Euphrasiacollina ssp. deflexifolia T Euphrasiacollina ssp. gunnii T Euphrasia gibbsiae Alpine Eyebright Mimulus repens CreepingMonkey Flower Veronicagracilis Slender Speedwell

SOLANACEAE Cyphanthera tasmanica TasmanianRay-flower e/T Physalisperuviana Ground-cherry Solanum laciniatum Kangaroo-apple Solanum marginatum Solanum nigrum Black night-shade Solanum vescum Gunyang

STACKHOUSIACEAE Stackhousia monogyna Candles

STERCULIACEAE Lasiopetalumdiscolor Velvet Bush Lasiopetalum macrophyllum ShrubbyVelvet Bush

STYLIDIACEAE Stylidium graminifolium Grass Trigger Plant

THYMELAEACEAE Pimelea drupacea Cherry Rice-flower Pimelea humilis Dwarf Rice-flower Pimelealinifolia Smith Pimelea nivea Round-leafRice-flower; Cotton Bush

TREMANDRACEAE Tetratheca labillardierei Labillardiere'sBlack-eyed Susan Tetratheca pilosa Common Lilac-bells;Hairy Pink-bells Tetratheca procumbens Tasmanian Lilac-bells

75 Freycinet National Park and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

URTICACEAE llrtica incisa Nettle

VIOLACEAE Viola cleistogamoides Cryptic Violet Viola cunninghamii Cunningham'sViolet Viola hederacea Ivy-leafViolet

WINTERACEAE Tasmannia lanceolata Mountain Pepper

MONOCOTYLEDONAE

CENTROLEPIDACEAE Centrolepis aristata Pomted Centrolepis Centrolepis strigosa Hairy Centrolepis; Bristlewort

CYPERACEAE Baumea acuta Pale Twig-rush Baumea arthrophylla Articulate Twig-rush Baumea articulata Jointed Twig-rush T Baumea juncea Bare Twig-rush Baumea rubiginosa SoftTwig-rush Baumea tetragona SquareTwig-rush Carex appressa Tail Sedge Carex breviculmis Sedge Carex iynx Sedge Causlis penlandra Thick Twist-rush T Chorizandra australis Heron Bristle-rush Cyperus tenellus Tiny Flat-sedge;Delicate Leaf-rush i Eleocharis acuta Common Spike-rush Eleocharis sphacelata Tall Spike-rush Gahniafilum ChaffySaw-sedge; Thready Twig-rush Gahnia grandis Cutting Grass Gahnia microstachya Slender Saw-sedge Gahnia radula ThatchSaw-sedge Gahnia rodwayi Rodway'sSaw-sedge e, T Gahniatrifida CoastSaw-sedge Gymnoschoenus sphaerocephalus Button Grass Isolepis cernua Noddmg, Lowor GrassyClub-rush Isolepisfluitans Floating Club-rush Isolepis inundata Swamp Club-rush Isolepis nodosa Knobby Club-rush Isolepis subtilissima Tiny Club-rush concavum Sand or Hill Sword-sedge Lepidosperma elatius Tail Sword-sedge Lepidospermaensiforme Two Handed Sword Lepidospermafiliforme Common or Thread Rapier-sedge Lepidospermaforsythii Stout or Large-floweredRapier-sedge T Lepidospermagladiatum CoastSword-sedge Lepidosperma globosum e Lepidospermagunnii Little or NarrowSword-sedge Lepidosperma inops Fan Sedge e Lepidosperma laterale Variableor Broad Sword-sedge Lepidosperma longitudinale Pithy or Common Sword-sedge Lepidosperma tortuosum Tortuous or TwistingRapier-sedge T Lepidosperma viscidum StickySword-sedge T

76 FreycinetNational Park and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

Schoenusapogon Common or Fluke Bog-rush Schoenus lepidosperma subsp. lepidosperma SlenderBog-rush Schoenus maschalinus Leafyor DwarfBog-rush Schoenus nitens ShinyBog-rush Schoenus tescjuorum Bog-rush Schoenus turbinatus SwampyBog-sedge Tetraria capillaris Hair-sedge;Bristle Twig-rush Tricostulariapauciflora Needle Bog-rush

HYDROCHARITACEAE Halophilaaustralis Sea-wrack

IRIDACEAE Diplarrena moraea White Flag Iris Gladiolus undulatus Gladioli Patersonia fragilis Blue Iris; Short Purple-flag Iris

JUNCACEAE Juncusgregiflorus Manifold Rush Juncuskraussii Sea Rush Juncus pallidus Pale Rush Juncus planifolius Broad-leaf Rush Juncus procerus Great Rush Juncusrevolutus CreepingRush Juncus sarophorus Fleshy Rush Luzula flaccida Flaccid Luzula Luzula meridionalis Meridian

JUNCAGINACEAE Triglochin alcockiae Alcock's Water-ribbons Triglochinprocerum Water-ribbons Triglochin striatum StreakedArrow-grass

LEMNACEAE Lemna trisulca Ivy-leafDuckweed

LILIACEAE Arthropodiummilleflorum Pale Vanilla-lily Bulbine semibarbata Leek Lily Burchardia umbellata Milkmaids Dianella brevicaulis Black Anther Flax-lily Dianella revoluta Blue Flax-lily Dianella tasmanica Tasman Flax-lily Drymophila cyanocarpa Turquoise Berry Hypoxishygrometrica Golden Weather-glass;Golden Star Laxmanniaorientalis DwarfWire-lily; Nodding Lily Thelionema caespitosum Tufted Blue-lily; Tufted LUy Thysanotuspatersonii TwiningFringe-lily

ORCHIDACEAE Acianthus caudatus Mayfly Orchid Acianthus pusillus Mosquito Orchid Caladenia alata WingedCaladenia Caladeniaangustata Narrow-leaf Caladenia e Caladenia camea Pink Fingers Caladenia caudata Tailed Spider Orchid e Caladeniaclavigera ClubbedSpider Orchid Caladenia deformis Blue Fairies

77 Freycinet National Park and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

Caladenia dilatata Green-comb Spider Orchid Caladeniafilamentosa DaddyLong-legs Caladeniafuscata DuskyCaladerda Caladeniagracilis Musky Caladenia Caladenia helvina Summer SpiderOrchid Caladenia latifolia Pink Fairies Caleanamajor Large Duck Orchid Caleana minor Small Duck Orchid Calochilus robertsonii Purple Beard Orchid Chiloglottis grammata Small Bird Orchid Chiloglottis reflexa Autumn Bird Orchid Chiloglottis triceratops Three-homed Bird Orchid Corybas aconitiflorus Spurred Helmet Orchid Corybas diemenicus Stately Helmet Orchid Corybasfimbriatus FringedHelmet Orchid Corybas incurous Stately Helmet Orchid Corybas incurvus Slaty Helmet Orchid Corybas unguiculatus Small Helmet Orchid Cn/plostylis subulata LargeTongue Orchid;Duckbill Orchid Cyrtostylis reniformis Small Gnat Orchid Dipodium roseum HyacinthOrchid Diuris chryseopsis Common Golden Moths Diuris palustris Swamp Diuris Diuris pardina LeopardOrchid Diuris sulphurea Tiger Orchid Dockrillia striolata Streaked Rock Orchid Eriochilus cucullatus Pink Autumn Orchid; Parsons Bands Gastrodia sesamoides Potato Orchid Genoplesiumarcheri Elfin Midge Orchid despectans Sharp Midge Orchid Genoplesiumfirthii Firth's Midge Orchid e/T Genoplesiummorrisii Bearded Midge Orchid T Genoplesium nudum Tiny Midge Orchid T Genoplesium pumilum Green Midge Orchid Genoplesium tasmanicum TasmanianMidge Orchid Glossodiamajor Wax-lip Orchid Lyperanthussuaveolens Brown Beaks M. icrotis arenaria Notched Onion Orchid Microtisparviflora Slender Onion Orchid Microtis unifolia Common Onion Orchid Orthoceras strictum Horned Orchid Prasophyllum australe Austral Leek Orchid Prasophyllum brevilabre Shortlip LeekOrchid Prasophyllum elatum Tall Leek Orchid PrasophyllumUndleyanum Green Leek Orchid Pterostylis concinna Trim Greenhood Pterostylis curta Blunt Greenhood Pterostylis cycnocephala Swan Greenhood Pterostylis grandiflom Cobra or Superb Greenhood Pterostylis melagramma Black-stripe Greenhood Pterostylis nana Dwarf Greenhood Pterostylis nutans NoddingGreenhood Pterostylis parviflora Tiny Greenhood Pterostylis pedoglossa Prawn Greenhood Pterostylis pedunculata Maroonhood Pterostylis plumosa Bearded Greenhood Pterostylis scfuamata Ruddy Greenhood Pterostylis stenochila Green-lip Greenhood

78 Freycinet National Park and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

Pterostylis tasmanica Small Bearded Greenhood Pterostylis uliginosa Marsh Greenhood Pterostylis williamsonii Brown-lip Orchid Pyrorchisnigricans Fire Orchid; Red Beaks Spiranthes australis Pink SpiralOrchid antennifera Rabbit-ears Thelymitra arenaria LazySun Orchid Thelymitra aristata Great Sim Orchid Thelymitra earned Tiny SunOrchid Thelymitra circumsepta Naked Sun Orchid Thelymitra cyanea Veined Sun Orchid Thelymitraflexuosa Twisted Sun Orchid Thelymitra ixioides Spotted Sun Orchid Thelymitra malvina Mauve-tufted Sim Orchid Thelymitra nuda Plain Sun Orchid Thelymitra pauciflora Slender Sun Orchid Thelymitra rubra Pink Sun Orchid ThelymitraXtruncata Truncate Sun Orchid XCalassodia tutelata Hybrid Wax-lipOrchid

POACEAE Agrostis aemula Blown Grass Agrostis avenacea Blown Grass Agroslis venusta Graceful Bent Grass Aira caryophyllea SilveryHair grass Ammophila arenaria Marram grass Amphibromus recurvatus DarkSwamp Wallaby-grass Austrodanthonia caespitosa Common Wallaby-grass Austrodanthoniageniculata Kneed Wallaby-grass Austrodanthonia laevis Wallaby-grass Austrodanthonia penicillata SlenderWallaby-grass Austrodanthonia pilosa Velvet or Purple-awnedWallaby-grass Austrodanthonia setacea Bristly or Mulga Wallaby-grass Austrodanthonia tenuior Fine Wallaby-grass AustrofestucaUttoralis Coast Fescue Austrostipa aphylla Tall Spear-grass Austrostipaflavescens Yellow Spear-grass Austrostipa mollis Soft Spear-grass Austrostipa pubinodis Tail Spear-grass Austrostipa semibarbata Fibrous Spear-grass;Barbed Spear-grass Austrostipa stipoides Coastal Spear-grass Austrostipa stuposa Corkscrew Grass Briza minor LesserQuaking grass Bromus diandrus Great Brome Bromus hordeaceus Soft Brome Deyeuxia contracta Bent Grass Deyeuxia densa Bent Grass Deyeuxiamonticola Bent Grass Deyeuxia cjuadriseta Reed Bent Grass Deyeuxia rodwayi Bent Grass Dichelachne crinita Long-hair Plume-grass Dichelachnerara Scarce Plume-grass Distichlisdistichophylla Australian Salt-grass Echinopogonovatus HedgehogGrass Ehrharta acuminata PointedRice-grass Ehrharta distichophylla Hairy Rice-grass Ehrhartastipoides WeepingGrass Ehrharta tasmanica TasmanianWire-grass

79 Freycinet National Park and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

Elymus scaber Rough Wheat-grass Festucaplebeia Common Fescue Hemarthria uncinata Mat Grass Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog grass Hordeum murinum subsp. leporinum Barley-grass Imperatacylindrica var. major Blady Grass Nardus stricta Mat grass Notodanthonia gracilis Slender Wallaby-grass Pentapogoncjuadrifidus Five-awned Spear-grass Phragmites australis Common Reed Poa clelandii Clelands's Poa Grass Poa labillardierei Tussock or Snow Grass Poapoiformis Blue Tussock Grass Poarodwayi Rodway'sPoa Poa sieberiana Tussock or Snow Grass Poa tenera Slender Tussock Grass Puccinellia stricta var, stricta Saltmarsh Grass Rytidosperma dimidiatum Half-formed Wallaby-grass Spinifex sericeus Spinifex Sporobolus virginicus Salt Couch Themeda triandra KangarooGrass Vulpia bromoides Hair grass;Silk grass Vulpiamyuros Rat's-tail Fescue Zoysiamacrantha Prickly Couch

POTAMOGETONACEAE Potamogeton tricarinatus FloatingPondweed

RESTIONACEAE Acion hookeri Woolly-glume Apodasmia brownii Coarse Twine-rush Calorophus elongatus LongRope-rush Empodisma minus SpreadingRope-rush Eurychordacomplanala Flat Cord-rush Hypolaenafastigiata TasselRope-rush Leptocarpus tenax Slender Twine-rush Lepyradio, muelleri Common or Erect Scale-rush Sporadanthus tasmanicus BranchingScale-rush

RUPPIACEAE Ruppia polycarpa Ruppia

TYPHACEAE Typha latifolia Cumbungi

XANTHORRHOEACEAE Lomandra longifolia Sagg Xanthorrhoea arenaria Grass-tree; Black-boy e/T Xanthorrhoea australis Austral Grass-tree;Black-boy

XYRIDACEAE Xyris marginata Emarginate Yellow-eye e Xyrzs muelleri Mueller's Yellow-eye e Xyris operculata Tall Yellow-eye Xyris tasmanica Slender Yellow-eye

ZANNICHELLIACEAE Lepilaenacylindrocarpa Long-fruited Water-mat

80 FreycinetNational Park and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

PTERIDOPHYTA

ADIANTACEAE Adiantum aethiopicum . Common Maidenhair Cheilanthesaustrotenuifolia Rock Fern Cheilanthes sieberi Narrow-rock Fern Pellaeafalcata Sickle Fern

ASPLENIACEAE Asplenium appendiculatum Ground Spleenwort Aspleniumflabellifolium Necklace Fern Asplenium obtusatum Shore Spleenwort

BLECHNACEAE Blechnum nudum Fishbone Water-fern; Black-stem Blechnum wattsii Hard Water-fem

CYATHEACEAE Cyatheaaustralis RoughTree-fern

DENNSTAEDTIACEAE Histiopteris incisa Bat's Wing Hypolepis glandulifera Sticky Ground-fem Hypolepis rugosula Ruddy Ground-fern Pteridium esculentum Bracken; Austral Bracken

DICKSONIACEAE Dicksonia antarctica Tree-fem; Soft Tree-fem

DRYOPTERIDACEAE Lastreopsisacuminata ShinyShield-fern Polystichum proliferum PricklyShield-fem Polystichum proliferum Mother Shield-fem Rumohraadiantiformis LeatheryShield-fem; Shield Hare's-foot

GLEICHENIACEAE Pouched Coral-fem Gleichenia microphylla ScramblingCoral-fem Sticherus tener Silky Fan-fern Sticherus urceolatus Fan fern

GRAMMITIDACEAE Ctenopteris heterophylla Gipsy-fem Grammitis billardierei Finger-fern

HYMENOPHYLLACEAE Crepidomanes venosum Veined Bristle-fem Hymenophyllum auslrale Austral Filmy-fem Hymenophyllum cupressiforme Common Filmy-fem Hymenophyllumflabellatum ShinyFilmy-fem Hymenophyllum marginatum Bordered Filmy-fem Hymenophyllum rarum NarrowFilmy-fem

LINDSAEACEAE Lindsaealinearis Screw fern

81 Freycinet National Park and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

LYCOPODIACEAE Huperzia varia Long Clubmoss Lycopodiella lateralis Slender Clubmoss Lycopodiellaserpentina Bog Clubmoss Lycopodiumdeuterodensum BushyClubmoss

OSMUNDACEAE Todea barbara Austral King-fem

POLYPODIACEAE Microsorum pustulatum Kangaroo Fern

PSILOTACEAE Tmesipteris obliqua Long Fork-fem

PTERIDACEAE Pteris tremula Tender Brake

SCHIZAEACEAE Schizaea bifida Forked Comb-fem Schizaeaftstulosa Narrow Comb-fern

SELAGINELLACEAE Selaginella uliginosa Swamp Selagmella

Nomenclature follows Buchanan, 1999

82 Freycinet National Park and Wye River Stale Reserve, Management Plan 2000

A endix 1B

Flora of Wye River State Reserve List derived from the species list for the Bluemans Creek RAPby ForestryTasmania.

Nomenclature follows Buchanan 1999

e endemic to Tasmania

1 introduced to Tasmania T Listed in the Schedules of the Threatened Species Protection Act 1995

ADIANTACEAE Adiantum aethiopicum Cheilanthesaustrotenuifolia Pellaea falcata

APIACEAE Hydrocotyle hirta Xanthosia dissecta Xanthosia pusilla

APOCYNACEAE Parsonsia brownii

ASPLENIACEAE Aspleniumflabellifolium

ASTERACEAE Argentipallium dealbatum Bedfordiasalicina e Brachyscome aculeata Brachyscome sieberi var. gunnii e,T Brachyscomespathulata ssp. glabra Cassinia aculeata Cirsium sp. Cotula alpina Craspediaglauca Euchiton collinus Euchiton involucratus Helichrysum scorpioides Hypochoerisradicata Lagenifera huegelii Lagenifera stipitata Leontodon taraxacoides LeptorhynchosUnearis Leptorhynchos sqiiamatus Olearia argophylla Olearia erubescens Olearia Urata Olearia ramulosa Olearia viscosa Ozothamnusargophyllus Ozothamnusledifolius e Ozothamnuslycopodioides e/T Ozothamnus obcordatus Ozothamnuspurpurascens

83 Freycinet National Park and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

Ozothamnus scutellifolius Senecio hispidulus Senecio minimus Senecio odoratus Solenogynesp. Sonchussp.

BLECHNACEAE Blechnum nudum Blechnum wattsii Doodiamedia

BORAGINACEAE Cynoglossum suaveolens

BRASSICACEAE Cardaminesp.

CAMPANULACEAE Wahlenbergia gracilis Wahlenbergiatadgellii

CASUARINACEAE Allocasuarina Uttoralis Allocasuarinamonilifera Allocasuarina uerticillata

CHENOPODIACEAE Rhagodiacandolleana

CLUSIACEAE Hypericum gramineum Hypericum japonicum

CONVOLVULACEAE Dichondra repens

CRASSULACEAE Crassula sieberiana

CUNONIACEAE Bauera rubioides

CUPRESSACEAE Callitris rhomboidea

CYPERACEAE Baumea gunnii Baumea tetragona Carex breviculmis Gahnia grandis Gahnia rodwayi e/T Lepidosperma curtisiae Lepidosperma elatius Lepidospermafiliforme Lepidosperma globosum Lepidosperma gunnii Lepidospermainops

84 Freycinet National Park and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

Lepidosperma laterale Lepidospermalongitudinale Lepidosperma oldfieldii e Lepidosperma tortuosum T Schoenus apogon Schoenuslepidosperma ssp. lepidosperma Schoenus maschalinus Tetraria capillaris

DENNSTAEDTIACEAE Histiopteris incisa Pteridium esculentum

DICKSONIACEAE Dicksonia antarctica

DILLENIACEAE Hibbertia empetrifolia Hibbertia hirsuta Hibbertia riparia Hibbertiaserpyllifolia

DROSERACEAE Drosera peltata ssp. auriculata Drosera pygmaea

DRYOPTERIDACEAE Polystichumproliferum Rumohra adiantiformis

ELAEOCARFACEAE Aristotelia peduncularis

EPACRIDACEAE Acrotriche serrulata Astroloma humifusum Cyathodes divaricata Cyathodes juniperina Cyathodes pendulosa e Epacris acuminata e,T Epacrisimpressa Epacrislanuginosa Epacris tasmanica Leucopogon collinus Lissanthe strigosa Sprengelia incarnata Stypheliaadscendens

EUPHORBIACEAE Amperea xiphoclada Beyeriaviscosa Micrantheum hexandrum Phyllanthus australis Phyllanthusgunnii Poranthera microphylla

85 FreycinetNational Park and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

FABACEAE Bossiaea prostrata Daviesiaulicifolia Gompholobiumhuegelii Hovea lanceolata Hovea linearis Indigofera australis Platylobium obtusangulum Platylobium triangulare Pultenaea daphnoides var. obcordata Pultenaea dentata Pultenaeagunnii Pultenaeajuniperina Pultenaeapedunculata Sphaerolobiumminus Trifolium sp. Ulex europaeus

GENTIANACEAE Centaurium erythraea Sebaea ovata

GERANIACEAE Gemnium potentilloides Pelargonium australe

GLEICHENIACEAE Gleichenia dicarpa Gleichenia microphylla

GOODENIACEAE Goodenia elongata Goodenialanata Goodenia ovata

GRAMMITIDACEAE Ctenopteris heterophylla

HALORAGACEAE Gonocarpus tetragynus Gonocarpus teucrioides

HYMENOPHYLLACEAE Hymenophyllum cupressiforme

IRIDACEAE Diplarrena moraea Patersonia fragilis

JUNCACEAE Juncus australis Juncus bassianus Juncuspauciflorus Juncus vaginatus Luzulasp. Freycinet NationalPark and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

LAMIACEAE Prostanthera lasianthos Teucrium corymbosum Westringia sp.

LAURACEAE Cassytha melantha Cassythapubescens

LILIACEAE Arthropodiummilleflorum Arthropodium minus Caesia sp. Dianella revoluta Dianella tasmanica Hypoxishygrometrica Thelionema caespitosum Wurmbea sp.

LINACEAE Linum marginale

LINDSAEACEAE LindsaeaUnearis

LYCOPODIACEAE Huperzia varia

MIMOSACEAE Acacia dealbata Acaciagenislifolia Acacia mearnsii Acaciamelanoxylon Acacia mucronata var. mucronata Acaciamyrtifolia Acacia stricta Acacia verticillata var. verticillata

MONIMIACEAE Atherosperma moschatum

MYRTACEAE Callistemonpallidus Callistemonviridiflorus e Eucalyptus amygdalina e Eucalyptus barberi e/T Eucalyptus brookeriana e Eucalyptus delegatensis ssp. Tasmaniensis e Eucalyptusglobulus ssp. globulus Eucalyptus obliqua Eucalyptus ovata Eucalyptuspauciflom ssp. pauciflom Eucalyptus pulchella Eucalyptus tenuiramis Eucalyptus viminalis ssp. viminalis

87 Freycinet National Park and Wye River State Reserve, ManagementPlan 2000

Leptospermumgrandiflorum Leptospermum lanigerum Leptospermum scoparium var. scoparium Melaleuca pustulata e/T

OLEACEAE Notelaea ligustrina

ORCHIDACEAE Acianthuspusillus Caladeniadeformis Calochilus robertsonii Corybas sp. Cyrtostylis renifonnis Diuris chryseopsis Diuris pardina Eriochilus cucullatus Glossodiamajor Microtis sp. Pterostylis melagramma Pterostylis williamsonii Pterostylis alata Pterostylis decurva Pterostylis nutans Pterostylis pedunculata Sarcochilus australis Thelymitra sp,

OXALIDACEAE Oxalis perennans

PITTOSPORACEAE Billardiera longiflom Billardiera longiflora var. longiflora Bursaria spinosa Pittosporum bicolor Rhytidosporum procumbens

PLANTAGINACEAE Plantago varia

POACEAE Agrostis aemula Agrostis avenacea Agrostisparviflora Agrostis venusta Aira caryophyllea Austrodanthonia caespitosa Austrodanthonia laevis Austrodanthonia pilosa Austrodanthonia setacea Austrodanthonia tenuior Austrostipa aphylla Austrostipa mollis Austrostipa pubinodis Austrostipa rudis Austrostipa stuposa Austrostipa nodosa Freycinet National Park and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

Briza sp. Deyeuxia contracta Deyeuxiamonticola Deyeuxia quadriseta Dichelachne crinita Dichelachneinaequiglumis Dichelachne micrantha Dichelachne rara Ehrharta stipoides Elymus scaber Hainardiacylindrica Holcus lanatus Notodanthonia semiannularis Pentapogonquadrifidus Poa hookeri Poa labillardierei var. acris e Poa labillardiereivar. labillardierei Poa mollis e/T Poarodwayi Poa sieberiana Rytidosperma dimidiatum Themeda triandra

POLYGALACEAE Comesperma volubile

POLYPODIACEAE Mxcrosorum pustulatum

PRIMULACEAE Anagallis arvensis

PROTEACEAE Banksia marginata Grevillea australis var. linearifolia T Hakeaepiglottis e Hakea microcarpa Lomatia tinctoria

PTERIDACEAE Pteris comans

RANUNCULACEAE Clematis aristata Clemalis gentianoides

RESTIONACEAE Empodisma minus Restio australis

RHAMNACEAE Cryptandra exilis Pomaderris apetala Pomaderris elliptica Pomaderrispilifem Spyridium obovatum var. obovatum e Spyridium obovatum var. vehitinum e Stenanthemumpimeleoides e/T

89 Freycinet National Park and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

ROSACEAE Acaena echinata Acaena novae-zelandiae

RUBIACEAE Coprosma hirtella Coprosmaquadrifida Galium australe Opercularia varia

RUTACEAE Boronia nana Correareflexa Philotheca verrucosa Zieria arborescens

SANTALACEAE Exocarpos cupressiformis Exocarpos strictus Leptomeria drupacea

SAPINDACEAE Dodonaea.filiformis Dodonaeaviscosa ssp. spathulata

SCROPHULARIACEAE Veronica calycina Veronica formosa

SELAGINELLACEAE Selaginellauliginosa

SOLANACEAE Cyphantheratasmanica e/T

STACKHOUSIACEAE Stackhousiamonogyna

STERCULIACEAE Lasiopetalummicranthum

STYLIDIACEAE Stylidium graminifolium

THYMELAEACEAE Pimelea humilis Pimelea nivea

TREMANDRACEAE Tetratheca pilosa

URTICACEAE Urtica incisa

VIOLACEAE Violacleistogamoides Viola hederacea ssp. hederacea

90 Freycinet National Park and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

XANTHORRHOEACEAE Lomandralongifolia Lomandra nana

91 Freycinet National Park and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

A endix 2

Known Land Vertebrates (Excluding Birds) of Freycinet National Park e = endemic to Tasmania T = Listed in the Schedulesof the Threatened SpeciesProtection Act 1995

Terrestrial Mammals Ornilhorhynchusanatinus platypus Tachyglossusaculeatus setosus echidna Dasyurus maculatus maculatus spotted-tailed quoll Dasyurus viverrinus eastern quoll Sarcophilus harrisii Tasmanian devil Vombatus ursinus tasmaniensis common womb at Pseudocheirusperegrinus viverrinus ringtail possum Trichosurusvulpecula fuliginosus brushtail possum Cercartetus lepidus little pygmy possum Cercartetus nanus nanus eastern pygmy possum Bettongia gaimardi bettong Potoroustridactylus apicalis long-nosed potoroo Macropusrufogriseus rufogriseus Bennetts wallaby Thylogale billardierii Tasmanianpademelon Hydromys chrysogaster water rat Pseudomys novaehollandiae New Holland mouse Rattus lutreolus swamp rat

Bats Chalinolobus morio chocolate wattled bat Vespadelusregulus southern forest bat Vespadelus darlingtoni large forest bat Vespadelus vulturnus little forest bat Falsistrellus tasmaniensis eastern false pipistrelle Nyctophilusgeoffroyi. lesser long-eared bat Nyctophilustimoriensis sherrini. Tasmanian long-eared bat

Terrestrial reptiles Tym-panocryptis diemensis mountain dragon Bassianaduperryi three-lined skink Cyclodomorphus casuarinae she-oak skink Egemia whitii White's skink Lampropholis delicata delicate grass skink Niveoscincus metallicus metallic skink Niveoscincus ocellatus spotted skrak Niveoscincus pretiosus pretty skink Pseudemoiaentrecasteauxii southern grass skink Tilicfuanigrolutea blotched blue-tongue lizard Austrelaps superbus copperhead Drysdalia coronoides white-lipped whip snake Notechis ater tiger snake

Amphibians Litoriaewingi brown tree frog Litoria raniformis green and gold frog Limnodynastes tasmaniensis spotted marsh frog Pseudophrynesemimarmorata southern toadlet Criniasignifera common eastern froglet Crinia tasmaniensis Tasmanianfroglet

92 Freycinet National Park and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

Introduced Mammals Petaurusbreviceps breviceps sugar glider Mus musculus house mouse Rattus noroegicus noruegicus brown rat Rattus rattus black rat Lepus capensis brown hare On/ctolaguscuniculus European rabbit Felis catus cat

93 Freycinet National Park and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

A endix 3

Birds Of Freycinet National Park environs

T = Listedin the Schedulesof the Threatened SpeciesProtection Act 1995

Coturnixypsilophora Brown Quail Biziura lobata Musk Duck Cygnus atratus Black Swan Cereopsis novaehollandiae Cape Barren Goose Anas superciliosa Pacific Black Duck Anas castanea Chestnut Teal Poliocephaluspoliocephalus Hoary-headedGrebe Eudyptespachyrhynchus Fiordland Penguin Eudyptula minor Pelecanoides urinatrix Common Diving-petrel Macronectes giganteus Southern Giant-petrel Pachyptila turtur FairyPrion Puffinus tenuirostris Short-tailed Shearwater Puffinus gavia Fluttering Shearwater Diomedeaexulans WanderingAlbatross Diomedea melanophris Black-browed Albatross T Diomedea cauta ShyAlbatross T Diomedeachlororhynchos Yellow-nosed Albatross Pelagodromamarina White-facedStorm-petrel Morus senator Australasian Gannet Phalacrocorax melanoleucos Little Pied Cormorant Phalacrocomxfuscescens Black-faced Cormorant Phalacrocorax sulcirostris Little Black Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo Great Cormorant Pelecanus conspicillatus Australian Pelican Egrettanovaehollandiae White-facedHeron Ardea alba Great Egret Botaurus poiciloptilus Australasian Bittern Haliaeetus leucogaster White-belliedSea-Eagle Circus approximans Swamp Harrier Accipiterfasciatus Brown Goshawk Accipiter cirrhocephalus Collared Sparrowhawk Aquila audax Wedge-tailed Eagle Falco berigora Brown Falcon Falcoperegrinus Peregrine Falcon Porphyrio porphyrio Purple Swamphen Gallinula mortierii Tasmanian Native Hen Fulica atm Eurasian Coot Turnix varia Painted Button-quail Gallinagohardwickii Latham'sSnipe Arenaria interpres RuddyTurnstone Haematopuslongirostris Pied Oystercatcher Haematopusfuliginosus Sooty Oystercatcher Thinornis rubricollis Hooded Plover Vanellus miles Masked Lapwing Stercorarius pomarinus Pomarine Jaeger Stercorarius parasiticus Arctic Jaeger Laruspacificus Pacific Gull LOTUS dominicanus Kelp Gull Larus novaehollandiae Silver Gull Sternacaspia CaspianTern Sterna striata White-fronted Tern T Stema bergii Crested Tern Sterna nereis FairyTern T Phaps chalcoptera Common Bronzewing

94 FreycinetNationalParkandWyeRiverStateReserve, M.anagementPlan2000

Phapselegans Brush Bronzewing Calyptorhynchusfunereus Yellow-tailedBlackCockatoo Platycercus caledonicus Green Rosella Platycercuseximius Eastern Rosella Lathamus discolor Swift Parrot T Cuculus pallidus Pallid Cuckoo Cacomantisflabelliformis Fan-tailed Cuckoo Chrysococcyxbasalis Horsfields Bronze-Cuckoo Chrysococcyxlucidus ShiningBronze-Cuckoo Ninox nouaeseelandiae Southern Boobook Hirundapus caudacutus White-throatedNeedletail Tytonovaehollandiae Masked Owl Podargusstrigoides Tawny Frogmouth Dacelo novaeguineae LaughingKookaburra Malurus cyaneus SuperbFairy-Wren Pardalotus punctatus SpottedPardalote Pardalotusstriatus Striated Pardalote Sericornisfrontalis White-browed Scrubwren Acanthornismagnus Scrubtit Calamanthusfuliginosiis Striated Fieldwren Acanthizapusilla Brown Thornbill Acanthiza ewingii Tasmanian Thornbill Acanthiza chrysorrhoa Yellow-rumpedThornbill Anthochaera paradoxa Yellow Wattlebird Anthochaera chrysoptera Little Wattlebird Manorinamelanocephala Noisy miner Lichenostomus flavicollis Yellow-throated Honeyeater Melithreptus affinis Black-headedHoneyeater Phylidonyris pyrrhoptera Crescent Honeyeater Phylidonyrisnovaehollandiae NewHollandHoneyeater Phylidonyrismelanops Tawny-crownedHoneyeater Acanthorhynchus tenuirostris EasternSpinebill Epthianwa albifro ns White-frontedChat Petroica multicolor Scarlet Robin Petroicaphoenicea Flame Robin Melanodryas vittata Dusky Robin Cinclosoma punctatum SpottedQuail-thrush Pachycephala pectoralis GoldenWhistler Colluricinclaharmonica GreyShrike-Thrush Myiagracyanoleuca SatinFlycatcher Rhipidurafuliginosa GreyFantail Coracina novaehollandiae Black-faced Cuckoo Shrike Artamus cyanopterus DuskyWoodSwallow Cracticus torqwtus GreyButcherbird Gymnorhina tibicen Australian Magpie Streperafuliginosa Strepera versicolor Grey Currawong Corvus tasmanicus Forest Raven Alauda arvensis Skylark Anthus novaeseelandiae Richard'sPipit Passer domesticus HouseSparrow Stagonopleurabella Beautiful Firetail Carduelischloris EuropeanGreenfinch Cardueliscarduelis EuropeanGoldfinch Hirundo neoxena Welcome Swallow Hirundonigricans Tree Martin Megalurus gramineus Little Grassbird Zosteropslateralis Silvereye Zoothem lunulata Bassian Thrush Turdus merula Common Blackbird Sturnus vulgaris CommonStarling

Note: BirdspeciesnamesfollowthetaxonomyofChristidis& Bales(1994)

95 Freycinet National Park and Wye River State Reserve, Management Plan 2000

A endix 4

Performance Indicators

Performance indicators provide a guide for evaluatingif the managementplan has been implemented, and if the managementobjectives of the planhave been achieved. During the life of this plan, further, more detailed researchand monitoring programs, policies or procedures approved by the managing authority may be applied to evaluation of this plan and its implementation. As a minimum, the followingperformances indicatorswill be used when evaluating the plan's implementation and outcomes.

. The natural biological diversity of the indigenous flora and fauna in the Park and Reserve is at least equal to that which occurred at the commencement of the plan.

. Populations of threatened species within the Park and Reserve are stable or increasing upon that which occurred at the commencement of the plan.

. The significantnatural landscapes and catchments in the Park and Reserve are intact or restored.

. Water quality in the Park and Reserve has not deteriorated or has improved.

. Geological diversity and sites of geodiversitysignificance in the Park and Reserve are intact or restored.

. Sites and areas of Aboriginal heritage are protected, managed and, in appropriate circumstances, interpreted in cooperation with the Aboriginal community.

. Cooperative managementprograms with Aboriginalpeople are in place in areas of significance to them, consistent with this management plan.

. Sites and areas of historicheritage are protected, managedand, in appropriate circumstances/ interpreted.

. An interpretation plan for the Park hasbeen prepared, implemented and reviewed.

. Research is available which improves the knowledge of the Park and the Reserve.

. Researchand monitoring results are availablewhich assist effective management decision making on conservationand management of the Park and the Reserve and visitors to them.

. Damagedor degraded areas of the Park and the Reserve have beenstabilised or rehabilitated and restored.

. Fire managementprograms for the Park and Reserve havebeen undertaken.

. Park and Reserve values andneighbouring lands havenot been adversely impacted upon by fire.

. Phytophthora and other plant diseases have not spread into areas unaffected at the commencement of the plan.

. Introduced flora and fauna are controlled or have been eradicated.

96 Freycinet National Park and Wye River State Reserve, M. anagement Plan 2000

The recreational and tourism character of the Park and Reserve is one of quietness and relaxation m an attractive natural setting.

Coordinated and mtegrated site planninghas been undertaken and implemented for all developments.

Recreationand tourism opportunities and facilities identifiedin the managementplan or in site planninghave been developed in accordancewith the plans.

Visitor impacts on Park and Reserve values are at sustamable levels for the zone or area in whichthey occur.

Visits to the Park and Reserve have increased since approval of the plan.

Visitor, community, and Wildcareinterest and involvement m, and comment upon/ the state of the Park and the Reserve, and their management, is regular and predominantly favourable.

97 FreycinetNational Parkand Wye River State Reserve, ManagementPlan 2000

98

Parks and Wildlife Service ^SMAW,^

Depnrti-iier,. ufTiii-narv Indas. ries/ Wdter tiiid t-. ', 'iv;. o, -i;neni. Freycinet National Park

Management Plan 2004 (Altering the Freycinet National Park, Wye River State Reserve Management Plan 2000)

Freycinet National Park

Management Plan

2004

(Altering the Freycinet National Park, Wye River State Reserve Management Plan 2000)

Freycinet National Park Management Plan 2004 (Altering the Freycinet National Park, Wye River State Reserve Management Plan 2000)

This management plan for Freycinet National Park has been prepared in accordance with the requirements of Part 3 of the National Parks and Reserves Management Act 2002.

Unless otherwise specified, this plan adopts the interpretation of terms given in the National Parks and Reserves Management Act 2002. The term ‘Minister’ when used in the plan means the Minister administering this Act. The terms ‘park’ and ‘national park’ refer to the Freycinet National Park.

In accordance with Section 30(1) of the National Parks and Reserves Management Act 2002, the managing authority for the park, in this case the Director of National Parks and Wildlife, shall carry out his or her duties in relation to the park for the purpose of giving effect to, and in accordance with the provisions of, this management plan. The position of Director is held by the Secretary of the Department of Tourism, Parks, Heritage and the Arts.

APPROVAL This management plan was approved by His Excellency the Governor-in-Council on 29 November 2004 and took effect on 22 December 2004, being seven days after publication of that approval in the Government Gazette.

ISBN 0 9751743 1 2

© Parks and Wildlife Service Department of Tourism, Parks, Heritage and the Arts, 2003

Published by Parks and Wildlife Service Department of Tourism, Parks, Heritage and the Arts GPO Box 1751 Hobart, Tasmania 7001

Section 1 Introduction

Freycinet National Park is currently managed in accordance with a statutory management plan, the Freycinet National Park, Wye River State Reserve Management Plan 2000. This plan has the effect of altering the 2000 plan in specific areas. The reasons for preparing this plan are twofold. Firstly, it has been prepared to provide for the construction and operation of extended potable water storage capacity in the Middleton Creek Tinfield area. Secondly, it has been prepared to provide for redevelopment of the Wineglass Bay lookout track.

Section 2 of this plan sets out background on the water storage proposal, while Section 3 sets out background on the lookout track proposal. Section 4 sets out the proposed changes to the plan

The management of the Freycinet National Park will be governed by the Freycinet National Park, Wye River State Reserve Management Plan 2000 and this plan read together.

Freycinet National Park Management Plan 2004 (Altering the Freycinet National Park, Wye River Sate Reserve Management Plan 2000) 1 Section 2 Potable Water Storage Extensions

The Issue

Coles Bay has a reticulated town water supply system. Currently the system storage consists of a main town dam on a tributary of the Saltwater Creek, augmented during dry summers by water pumped from smaller dams situated in the catchment of the neighbouring Middleton Creek in an area known as the Middleton Creek Tinfield within the Freycinet National Park. Water resources on the east-coast are scarce; particularly so on the Freycinet Peninsula. For the last several years the Coles Bay system has been barely able to cope with existing demand patterns. Further, the physical condition of the component dams is poor.

Rising demand for water from within the Coles Bay township, coupled with recent low rainfall years and increasing development opportunities such as the planned Federal Hotels luxury resort, has focussed attention on problems with the supply of adequate quantities of potable water for the Freycinet Peninsula.

The Glamorgan-Spring Bay Council proposes to use this opportunity to undertake a major upgrade of the town water supply to place the future water supply needs of the whole town on a more secure footing. As a result Council has lodged an application to use and further develop the Middleton Creek Tinfield site within the Freycinet National Park to harvest potable water.

Those components of an upgraded town potable water system that lie within the Middleton Creek Tinfield consist of a new dam within an area know as the ‘tin mines dam cluster’ along with repairs to the southern tin mine dam (NSS 20031).

As indicated, the Middleton Creek Tinfield is already being used to harvest potable water for the township of Coles Bay. The proponent indicates that this project will significantly extend the storage capacity of that site, providing sufficient town water to exceed the needs of Federal Hotels and provide additional supply for the broader community. Extending the dam capacity will involve extensive earth works but generally limited to the existing disturbed area of the mine site, and primarily using on-site materials to build new dam walls. A range of other options has been investigated, the principal one involving harvesting water from an undisturbed catchment with consequent environmental impact. These other options have been considered unsatisfactory.

Description of the Middleton Creek Tinfield

The area is accessed from the Freshwater Lagoon Track, which in turn is accessed from the Coles Bay Road about one kilometre north of Coles Bay. This track heads in a generally northerly direction into the park emerging on the coast just west of Freshwater Point. About one kilometre within the park boundary on the Freshwater Lagoon Track a rough spur track on the right steeply ascends the ridge to the Middleton Creek Tinfield (see Map 1).

1 National Strategic Services Pty Ltd, 2003; Tin Mines Dams – Dam Application and Environmental Impact Assessment, report to DPIWE published at http://www.publicinfo.tas.gov.au Freycinet National Park Management Plan 2004 (Altering the Freycinet National Park, Wye River Sate Reserve Management Plan 2000) 2 Potable Water Storage Extensions

The tinfield and surrounding land was proclaimed part of the park by statute under the Regional Forest Agreement (Land Classification) Act 1998, which became effective on 30 April 1999. Prior to this the area had been unallocated Crown land.

Presently the Middleton Creek Tinfield consists of a series of interconnected dams, spillways, tailing deposits and the scattered remains of mining machinery and occupation sites. Many of the dams are considered to be in poor condition and have breached or are likely to breach in the foreseeable future, mobilising considerable amounts of sediment.

The Middleton Creek Tinfield has long been known to possess cultural heritage values. It has been mined for tin on and off since 1872, using both small-scale techniques and large-scale mechanical techniques in the most recent mining phase from 1972 to 1980. An interim assessment of cultural heritage values, carried out before the present project was conceived, found the values of the site were degraded by this latter mining phase, but never the less continued to exist. The site is listed on the Tasmanian Heritage Places Index and an informal statement of significance recorded there indicates: The Middleton Creek Tinfield is moderately significant, being a small-scale example of a significant site type in Tasmania’s mining and prospecting history. It contains the remains of turn-of-the-century tin prospecting which demonstrates pre-mechanical prospecting techniques.

As part of developing an application for dam works the project proponents have undertaken a formal assessment of the values of the site and surrounds and of the impact of the proposed development on those values (see next section).

The Project Assessment Pathway

Approval of this plan is not a sufficient step to ensure the dam construction project can proceed. Other approval steps include a test for consistency with other statutory responsibilities held by the management authority (PWS) and a permit for dam works.

Section 4.5 of the Freycinet National Park, Wye River State Reserve Management Plan 2000 provides the current protocols for assessing development within the park required by the management authority. The assessment protocol firstly requires an assessment of the scale of the project, based on scale, public interest or the potential for substantial impact. Depending upon the outcome of this process the assessment process is either an internal process, or one that is made available for public comment. The assessment process is primarily designed to test the project’s consistency with the management authority’s statutory responsibilities in relation to the conservation of natural, cultural heritage and wilderness values

Being a dam proposal, the approval process is specifically excluded from consideration under the Land Use Planning and Approvals Act 1993. It is instead subject to a separate assessment process under the Water Management Act 1999. In the case of small-scale projects such as this one a Dam Assessment Report is prepared and assessed by the Assessment Committee for Dam Construction (ACDC), following a 14-day minimum public comment period.

In order to streamline the approval process, the test of consistency of the management authority’s statutory responsibilities and the dam construction approval process were combined into a single step. The Tin Mines Dams – Dam

Freycinet National Park Management Plan 2004 (Altering the Freycinet National Park, Wye River Sate Reserve Management Plan 2000) 3 Potable Water Storage Extensions

Application and Environmental Impact Assessment2 included an assessment of impacts on the values for which the management authority has a statutory responsibility. To provide additional transparency the above document was made available for public comment at the same time as this plan was released for public comment. The community, through this process, had the opportunity to comment on both these matters.

2 see previous footnote

Freycinet National Park Management Plan 2004 (Altering the Freycinet National Park, Wye River Sate Reserve Management Plan 2000) 4 Section 3 Redevelopment of the Wineglass Bay Lookout Track

The Issue

Currently the single most important attraction in the park is the Wineglass Bay lookout track. Two successive visitor surveys (1998/00 and 2002/03) have shown that the opportunity to view Wineglass Bay is the prime reason that visitors come. The exit survey completed in summer 02/03 indicated that sixty eight percent of the 200,000 visitors to the park, or 136,000 people, walked to the lookout. To get to the lookout visitors leave their cars at the Wineglass Bay carpark and walk the 1.2 kilometre length track, ascending 120 metres to the saddle lookout to enjoy panoramic views of the now world famous bay. However, the inadequacies of this major tourist experience have been recognised for some time. The Freycinet National Park, Wye River State Reserve Management Plan 2000 states: The extremely erodible granitic and sandy soils of the Park mean that a track subjected to such high use is difficult to maintain, and is considered to be unsafe by many visitors. Visitors have slipped and fallen on the Wineglass Bay lookout track, injuring themselves and requiring rescue and medical attention.

The plan goes on to prescribe as follows • Upgrade and maintain the entire Wineglass Bay track at “Walk” standard.

Since the writing of the 2000 plan the situation on the Wineglass Bay lookout track has further deteriorated. With the rapid increase in visitor numbers the narrow track with its many high steps is more and more frequently overcrowded, exacerbating risk issues and further reducing the quality of the experience. In the busiest month of 2003 (January) there were more 500 people walking the track every day. The 2002/03 exit survey also indicated visitor dissatisfaction with the condition of the track, the need for seats and better signage and problems with the current lookout capacity. The time has definitely come to act on the 2000 plan prescription and upgrade the track.

Proposed Redevelopment of the Track

Having determined to upgrade the lookout track the Parks and Wildlife Service recently hired specialist trackwork consultants to provide recommendations on the best approach. The consultants have assessed the problems of the current track and are currently developing alternatives.

The major issue is the grade of the current track; it is simply too steep for both walker comfort and stability of the surface. To address both of these matters a new route is required.

A second issue relates to the current and future levels of use of the track. Qualities of solitude, quietness and appreciation of nature rapidly decrease with increasing visitor numbers. Current predictions are for further significant increases in visitor numbers in the coming years. Presently visitor numbers at

Freycinet National Park Management Plan 2004 (Altering the Freycinet National Park, Wye River Sate Reserve Management Plan 2000) 5 Redevelopment of the Wineglass Bay Lookout Track

Freycinet are as high as Cradle Mountain but the predicted growth rate (5%) is much higher than for Cradle. The quality of the experience will be greatly improved if a one-way loop track is developed. Visitors moving around a one- way loop track will have a much lower incidence of encounters with other parties, greatly reducing both the apparent level of crowding and the risks associated with groups passing each other in this steep terrain. This will provide a more relaxed experience. Additionally the different routes up and down will enhance visitor interest along with opportunities for developing intermediate nodes at strategic vantage-points with seating and interpretation.

Creation of a loop track is technically difficult and may not be possible in this steep, difficult terrain.

Why the 2000 Plan Requires Alteration

While, as indicated, the Freycinet National Park, Wye River State Reserve Management Plan 2000 provides for the lookout track to be upgraded, the current zoning system severely limits the options the Parks and Wildlife Service may consider. As indicated in Map 2, the existing track occupies a narrow 100 metre wide corridor of land zoned for recreation, with the land either side of this zoned for conservation. The plan provides the ability to upgrade the track so long as it remains within this narrow recreation zone corridor, but expressly rules out new tracks in the conservation zone except in certain limited circumstances. Current investigations are demonstrating a high desirability for this restraint to be relaxed, but only in relation to the Wineglass Bay lookout track, and not in relation to other tracks in the park. These investigations have yet to be finalised, so the location of the proposed loop walk, as shown in Map 2, is still subject to some final adjustment.

The Project Assessment Pathway

Approval of this plan is not a sufficient step to ensure the Wineglass Bay lookout track project can proceed within the conservation zone. Other approval steps include a test for consistency with other statutory responsibilities held by the management authority.

Section 4.5 of the Freycinet National Park, Wye River State Reserve Management Plan 2000 provides the current protocols for assessing development within the park required by the management authority. The assessment protocol firstly requires an assessment of the scale of the project, based on scale, public interest or the potential for substantial impact. Depending upon the outcome of this process the assessment process is either an internal process, or one that is made available for public comment.

It has been considered appropriate that the proposal for a new loop track to the lookout entering the conservation zone be regarded as a major project. Consequently, per Section 4.5 of the 2000 plan, a ‘development specific site plan’ has been prepared and made available for public comment for a period of thirty days minimum. This site plan has now been separately approved.

Freycinet National Park Management Plan 2004 (Altering the Freycinet National Park, Wye River Sate Reserve Management Plan 2000) 6 Section 4 Alterations to the Freycinet National Park, Wye River State Reserve Management Plan 2000

Purposes of Reservation and Objectives of Management

This plan is to alter the Freycinet National Park, Wye River State Reserve Management Plan 2000 in relation to the Middleton Creek Tinfield area and to allow for a new loop track to the Wineglass Bay lookout location. The purposes of reservation are those stated in the Freycinet National Park, Wye River State Reserve Management Plan 2000, page nine. The management objectives to apply within the plan area are those stated in the Freycinet National Park, Wye River State Reserve Management Plan 2000, page nine, together with specific objectives as stated on page 10.

Text Changes

Page 52, Table 2 In Table 2 the seventh entry in the Conservation Zone which reads: ‘No new tracks’

is to be replaced by: ‘No new tracks apart from a new loop track to the Wineglass Bay lookout’

Page 53, column 2 The following sentence under Conservation Zone, Policies: • ‘Except for safety, environmental or heritage protection, water supply links from the former tin mines to Coles Bay water supply, and fire management, new structures or any other type of development (including new tracks) will not be allowed.’

is to be replaced by: • ‘New structures or any other type of development (including new tracks) will not be allowed, apart from the following exceptions: - a new track to the Wineglass Bay lookout, being a loop track if technically feasible, - additional water supply capacity at the former tin mines, - water supply links and associated pumping equipment to connect the former tin mines to Coles Bay water supply, and - works associated with the proper maintenance of this water supply and/or capacity, and - in circumstances of safety, environmental or heritage protection, or for fire management.’

Freycinet National Park Management Plan 2004 (Altering the Freycinet National Park, Wye River Sate Reserve Management Plan 2000) 7