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Formulary and Protocols in Equine Reproduction

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Formulary and Protocols in Equine Reproduction 2016 FORMULARY AND PROTOCOLS IN EQUINE REPRODUCTION Patrick M. McCue DVM, PhD, Diplomate ACT Ryan A. Ferris DVM, MS, Diplomate ACT EQUINE REPRODUCTION LABORATORY DISCLAIMER: Colorado State University, the Equine Reproduction Laboratory and the authors are providing this Formulary and Protocol guide for informational purposes only. Use of the information in this guide, including but not limited to the applicability of such information to a particular situation, is the sole and exclusive responsibility of the person administering medications, and nothing in this guide should be construed as a recommendation for the use of any particular medication(s). The guide is being provided without any express or implied guaranty or warranty concerning the accuracy or completeness of the information or the use of the information contained in the guide, and neither Colorado State University, the Equine Reproduction Laboratory nor the authors represent or guaranty that any particular outcome will occur. In no event shall Colorado State University, the Equine Reproduction Laboratory or the authors be responsible for any use or application of the information contained in the guide. © 2016 COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or for any means, including printing, copying, photocopying, or utilized by any information strorage or retrieval system without written permission from the copyright owner. ISBN# 978-0-9965269-0-6 An equal-opportunity University. [2016] FORMULARY AND PROTOCOLS IN EQUINE REPRODUCTION PATRICK M. MCUE, DVM, PhD, DIPLOMATE ACT RYAN A. FERRIS, DVM, MS, DIPLOMATE ACT EQUINE REPRODUCTION LABORATORY An equal-opportunity University. SPONSOR VETOQUINOL: DEDICATED TO ANIMAL HEALTH. SINCE 1933 Vetoquinol has been a family-owned company devoted exclusively to animal health. Our portfolio of products is divided between livestock and companion animals and includes most therapeutic categories. Based in France, this family- owned company employs more than 1,400 people and has developed hundreds of innovative treatment options for use by veterinarians around the world. Vetoquinol embraces the challenge of fi nding better ways to help animals. The company boasts one of the largest research facilities in the world where 100 world-class researchers passionately work to develop new products and protocols. Vetoquinol trades throughout Europe, the Americas, Africa, the Middle East and Asia Pacifi c. In 2014, Vetoquinol USA expanded its product o er in the United States to include products for horses. The Vetoquinol USA equine product line includes: • New Zylkene® Equine: Behavior support supplement formulated with alpha-casozepine, an ingredient derived from casein, a milk protein with calming properties. • NexHA™: FDA approved, generic equivalent to the leading brand name Hyaluronate Sodium injectable solution. • EPIC® Daily and EPIC® Neonate: Immune support for horses and foals. • ViGRO™ Media: Full line of media designed for embryo collection and transfer. With this expansion Vetoquinol USA is committed to providing the equine industry with high quality products, expert technical support, and excellent customer service which has been the Vetoquinol tradition since 1933. Vetoquinol USA, Inc. 4250 North Sylvania Avenue, Fort Worth, TX 76137 800-267-5707 | [email protected] www.vetoquinolusa.com 4 HTTP://ERL.COLOSTATE.EDU | [email protected] | 970 4918626 SPONSOR ANIMAL REPRODUCTION SYSTEMS: REPRODUCTION PRODUCTS FOR THE EQUINE PROFESSIONAL SINCE 1980, Animal Reproduction Systems (ARS) has been providing equine breeding farms with equipment that has set the industry standards for innovation and quality. Our product line combines the precision of aerospace technology, scientifi c innovation, and superior quality control to create state-of-the-art, dependable products. ARS products are designed to meet the technical and practical demands of large and small equine breeding operations. • Stallion Collection: CSU Model Artifi cial Vagina, bladders, latex and disposable liners, nylon gel fi lters, collection bottles, and a wide range of accessories • Semen Extenders: E-Z Mixin® fresh on-farm and cooled/ shipped semen extenders; EZ-Freezin® frozen semen extenders. New for 2015, EZ-Freezin® CryoMax™ represents the latest superior generation of frozen semen extenders. • Evaluation: ARS Densimeter (‘Blue Box’) is the industry standard for reliable estimations of stallion sperm concentration and foal IgG levels. • Insemination: A complete line of artifi cial insemination kits, pipettes, gloves, and supplies to meet the needs of every breeding farm and veterinary practice. • Foaling: A full range of foaling season products including state-of-the-art quantitative foal IgG testing, umbilical clamps, foal resuscitators and colostrum refractometers. • Miscellaneous Equipment and Supplies for Breeding Farms: Hancock stain, scrotal calipers, slide warmers, freezing kits, shipping containers and cleaning supplies The friendly and knowledgeable support sta at ARS is available to answer questions and recommend products best suited to your individual breeding program. Animal Reproduction Systems, Inc. 13661 Benson Ave., Chino, CA 91710 800-300-5143 | www.arssales.com | [email protected] EQUINE REPRODUCTION LABORATORY 5 PREFACE The goal of this Formulary and Protocols guide is to provide veterinarians and veterinary students with medication dosages and therapeutic protocols used at the Equine Reproduction Laboratory, Colorado State University. THIS GUIDE IS ORGANIZED INTO TWO SECTIONS: 1. FORMULARY ■ Hormones ■ Intrauterine therapy ■ Uterine lavage ■ Miscellaneous medications ■ Systemic antibiotics 2. CLINICAL PROTOCOLS The formulary contains up-to-date dosages and clinical indications for a wide variety of medications. The clinical protocols section contains descriptions of common reproductive treatment protocols. ABBREVIATIONS q 6 hr – every 6 hours q 12 hr – every 12 hours q 24 hr – every 24 hours PO – oral route of administration IV – intravenous route of administration IM – intramuscular route of administration qs – abbreviation for quantum su cit, a Latin phrase meaning “quantity required” 6 HTTP://ERL.COLOSTATE.EDU | [email protected] | 970 4918626 HORMONES HORMONES DOSAGE, ROUTE, MEDICATION INDICATIONS FREQUENCY Altrenogest 0.044 mg/kg, orally, Suppression of (Regu-Mate®) q 24h behavioral estrus, (2.2 mg/ml) synchronization of estrus, maintenance of pregnancy Altrenogest 0.088 mg/kg, orally, Maintenance (Regu-Mate®) q 24h or 0.044 mg/kg, of pregnancy (2.2 mg/ml) orally, q 12h in high-risk mares (double dose) Buserelin* 10 to 50 µg, IM, GnRH agonist; q 6h to 12h stimulation of follicular development in anestrous, transitional or acyclic mares Cloprostenol 250 µg, IM, once Termination of luteal (Estrumate®) activity, synchronization (250 µg/ml) 50 µg, IM, q 24h for of estrus, termination 2-3 days* of pregnancy, stimulation of uterine contractions (evacuation of uterine fl uid); should not be administered in the early post-ovulation period due to adverse e ects on development of the corpus luteum Deslorelin 1.8 mg, IM, once Induction of ovulation acetate (SucroMate™) * medication reported to be used at other facilities; not in use at CSU 2016 | EQUINE REPRODUCTION LABORATORY 7 EQUINE REPRODUCTION LABORATORY HORMONES DOSAGE, ROUTE, HORMONES MEDICATION INDICATIONS FREQUENCY Deslorelin 50 to 100 µg, GnRH agonist; acetate IM, q 12h stimulation of (low dose) follicular development in anestrous, transitional or acyclic mares Dinoprost 5 to 10 mg, IM, once Termination of tromethamine luteal activity; (Lutalyse®) synchronization of (5 mg/ml) estrus, termination of pregnancy, stimulation of uterine contractions (evacuation of uterine fl uid); should not be administered in the early post-ovulation period due to adverse e ects on development of the corpus luteum Domperidone 1.1 mg/kg, PO, Dopamine antagonist; (Equidone® q 12 to 24h stimulation of Gel) lactation (agalactia) (110 mg/ml) in postpartum mares, induction of lactation in nonpregnant mares, treatment of fescue toxicity 8 HTTP://ERL.COLOSTATE.EDU | [email protected] | 970 4918626 HORMONES HORMONES DOSAGE, ROUTE, MEDICATION INDICATIONS FREQUENCY Estradiol (E2) 5 to 10 mg, IM, q 24h Stimulation of behavioral estrus in non-cycling or ovariectomized mares; used in conjunction with progesterone for estrus synchronization Estradiol 10 mg, IM, Stimulation of cypionate as needed behavioral estrus in (ECP) ovariectomized mares (long acting) Human 2,500 IU, IV or IM once Induction of ovulation Chorionic (dose range 1,500 to Gonadotropin 3,000 IU) (Chorulon®) (hCG) (10,000 IU/vial) Human 10,000 IU, IV or IM, hCG stimulation test Chorionic once to evaluate horse for Gonadotropin presence of testicular (Chorulon®) tissue (testosterone (hCG) (10,000 response test) IU/vial) * medication reported to be used at other facilities; not in use at CSU 2016 | EQUINE REPRODUCTION LABORATORY 9 EQUINE REPRODUCTION LABORATORY HORMONES DOSAGE, ROUTE, HORMONES MEDICATION INDICATIONS FREQUENCY Gonadotropin 500 µg, IV or IM, once, Increase libido in releasing 1 to 2 hours prior to stallions with low libido hormone breeding or collection (GnRH) - native Oxytocin 20 units, IV or IM, Stimulation of uterine (20 units/ml) q 6h to q 24h or as contractions (evacu- needed ation of uterine fl uid), treatment of retained placenta, milk let-down Oxytocin 5 to 10 units, Induction of labor; ad- (low dose) IV or IM, as needed minister 5 units followed
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