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US Withdrawal from Unesco U.S. WITHDRAWAL FROM UNESCO HEARINGS BEFORE THE SUBCOMMITTEES ON HUMAN RIGHTS AND INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS AND ON INTERNATIONAL OPERATIONS OF THE COMMITTEE ON FOEEIGN AEFAIES HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES NINETY-EIGHTH CONGRESS SECOND SESSION APRIL 25, 26, AND MAY 2, 1984 Printed for the use of the Committee on Foreign Affairs U.S. WITHDRAWAL FROM UNESCO HEARINGS BEFORE THE SUBCOMMITTEES ON HUMAN RIGHTS AND INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS AND ON INTERNATIONAL OPERATIONS OF THE COMMITTEE ON FOKEIGN AFFAIRS HOUSE OF REPRESENTATTV^S NINETY-EIGHTH CONGRESS SECOND SESSION APRIL 25, 26, AND MAY 2, 1984 Printed for the use of the Committee on Foreign Affairs U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 34-887 O WASHINGTON : 1984 u-«ntat«-*«i COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN AFFAIRS DANTE B. FASCELL, Florida, Chairman LEE H. HAMILTON, Indiana WILLIAM S. BROOMFIELD, Michigan GUS YATRON, Pennsylvania LARRY WINN, Jr., Kansas STEPHEN J. SOLARZ, New York BENJAMIN A. OILMAN, New York DON BONKER, Washington ROBERT J. LAGOMARSINO, California GERRY E. STUDDS, Massachusetts JOEL PRITCHARD, Washington j ANDY IRELAND, Florida JIM LEACH, Iowa . DAN MICA, Florida TOBY ROTH, Wisconsin C MICHAEL D. BARNES, Maryland OLYMPIA J. SNOWE, Maine HOWARD WOLPE, Michigan HENRY J. HYDE, Illinois GEO. W. CROCKETT, Jr., Michigan GERALD B. H. SOLOMON, New York SAM GEJDENSON, Connecticut DOUGLAS K. BEREUTER, Nebraska MERVYN M. DYMALLY, California MARK D. SILJANDER, Michigan TOM LANTOS, California ED ZSCHAU, California PETER H. KOSTMAYER, Pennsylvania ROBERT G. TORRICELLI, New Jersey LAWRENCE J. SMITH, Florida HOWARD L. BERMAN, California HARRY M. REID, Nevada MEL LEVINE, California EDWARD F. FEIGHAN, Ohio TED WEISS, New York GARY L. ACKERMAN, New York ROBERT GARCIA, New York John J. Brady, Jr., Chief of Staff Margaret E. Galey, Staff Consultant Shirley Dawson, Staff Assistant EusABETH Rocker, Staff Assistant Subcommittee on Human Rights and International Organizations GUS YATRON, Pennsylvania, Chairman DON BONKER, Washington JIM LEACH. Iowa MEL LEVINE, California ED ZSCHAU, California TED WEISS, New York GERALD B. H. SOLOMON, New York TOM LANTOS, California PETER H. KOSTMAYER, Pennsylvania GARY L. ACKERMAN, New York Mark J. Tavlarides, Subcommittee Staff Director Cynthia D. Sprunger, Minority Staff Consultant Bernadette Paolo, Subcommittee Staff Consultant Kerry Bolognese, Subcommittee Staff Consultant Subcommittee on International Operations DAN MICA. Florida, Chainvay} GEO. W. CROCKETT, Jr.. Michigan BENJAMIN A. OILMAN, New York GUS YATRON, Pennsylvania MARK D. SILJANDER, Michigan PETER H. KOSTMAYER, Pennsylvania JOEL PRITCHARD, Washington LAWRENCE J. SMITH, Florida HOWARD L. BERMAN. California Subcommittee Staff Director Richard J. Garon, Jr., Minority Staff Consultant Susan McCartan Andross, Subcommittee Staff Consultant Thomas Bruce, Subcommittee Staff Consultant (n) CONTENTS WITNESSES April 25, 1984: Hon. Edmund Hennelly, Chair, U.S. Delegation to the 1983 UNESCO Page General Conference 12 Hon. Esteban Torres, a Representative in Congress from the State of California and a former U.S. Ambassador to UNESCO 42 Dr. Jack Forbes, former deputy director-general of UNESCO and former chairman, U.S. National Commission on UNESCO 58 Hon. Owen Harries, former Australian Ambassador to UNESCO, and resident associate, the Heritage Foundation 81 April 26, 1984: Hans N. Weiler, former director of the International Institute for Educa- tional Planning, UNESCO, and professor of education and political science, Stanford University 98 Keith Geiger, vice president, National Education Association 114 Harold Jacobson, director. Center for Political Studies, University of Michigan; visiting fellow, Woodrow Wilson Center for International Scholars 146 Walter Rosenblith, foreign secretary. National Academy of Sciences 165 Terry Morton, chairman, U.S. Committee for the International Council on Monuments and Sites 193 Leonard Sussman, executive director. Freedom House 204 May 2, 1984: Hon. Edward Derwinski, Counselor, Department of State, and former Member of Congress from the State of Illinois; accompanied by Hon. Gregory Newell, Assistant Secretary of State for International Organi- zation Affairs 259 James Holderman, chairman, U.S. Commission on UNESCO, and presi- dent of the University of South Carolina 304 Hon. Samuel DePalma, former Assistant Secretary of State for Interna- tional Organization Affairs 316 Edward C. Luck, executive vice president, U.N. Association of the United States of America 332 Ruth Robbins, board of directors. League of Women Voters 341 June 26, 1984 briefing with Hon. Jean Gerard, U.S. Ambassador to UNESCO. ' MATERIAL SUBMITTED FOR THE RECORD Letter dated March 23, 1984, to Hon. Charles A. Bowsher, Comptroller Gener- al of the U.S. General Accounting Office, from five Members of Congress further detailing additional topics they would like the GAO to examine when it investigates U.S. participation in UNESCO 2 Letter dated April 9, 1984, to His Excellency Amadou Mahtar M'Bow, Direc- tor General of UNESCO, from three Members of Congress regarding U.S. participation in UNESCO 2 Prepared statement of Hon. Jim Leach, a Representative in Congress from the State of Iowa, entitled "Empty-Chair Diplomacy in UNESCO,^ delivered before the House Committee on Science and Technology on March 8, 1984.... 5 ' The transcripts of the briefing are not included. See appendixes 5-12 for the statements Ambassabor Gerard made before the subcommittees and before the Executive Board of UNESCO. (Ill) IV Article entitled "Is UNESCO Misunderstood?" published in Editor and Pub- Page lisher, April 12, 1984 44 Resolution on U.S. -UNESCO relations which passed at the annual meeting of the U.S. National Commission for UNESCO, December 16, 1983 127 Letter from Jean C. Bergaust, Deputy Assistant Secretary of State, Bureau of International Organization Affairs, to Mary Hatwood Futrell, president, National Education Association, regarding U.S. concerns about UNESCO 128 Letter to Foreign Affairs Committee Chairman Dante B. Fascell from past and present presidents of the International Studies Association about their concern regarding the United States declared intention of withdrawing from UNESCO 147 Report entitled "UNESCO Program and Budget for 1984-85: Natural Sciences Sector," submitted by Walter Rosenblith 183 Letter dated October 21, 1983, to Hon. Gregory J. Newell from Walter Ro- senblith regarding U.S. participation in UNESCO 187 Letter from Foreign Affairs Committee Chairman Dante B. Fascell to Dr. Frank Press, president. National Academy of Sciences, requesting a copy of the NAS Eissessment of costs and benefits to the United States of withdraw- al on our international programs in science, and his response 190 Report dated April 9, 1984, by UNESCO entitled "Communications Regarding U.S. Withdrawal From UNESCO," submitted by Leonard Sussman 230 Resolutions of the Executive Board of UNESCO concerning the withdrawal of other UNESCO members 239 Report on the State Department assessment of implications for U.S. commer- cial interests of U.S. withdrawal from UNESCO 272 List of organizations that urged the Department of State to remain in UNESCO and those that recommended we withdraw 275 Letter to Director-General M'Bow from the Australian National Commission for UNESCO submitting a copy of the resolution the Commission passed regarding U.S. withdrawal from UNESCO, submitted by Representative Dymally 293 Memorandum from the administration regarding monitoring the progress of UNESCO 298 List of the members of the UNESCO monitoring panel 299 Summary conference report of the U.S. National Commission for UNESCO 313 APPENDIXES 1. Report prepared by David M. Sale of the Congressional Research Service of the Library of Congress entitled "Constitutionality of Legislation Prohib- iting Unilateral Executive Withdrawal of U.S. Membership in the U.N. Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization," submitted by Repre- sentative Jim Leach of Iowa 345 2. Statement of the American Association of Museums and the U.S. National Committee of the International Council of Museums 366 3. Statement of Chadwick F. Alger to the International Peace Research Association 375 4. Questions and responses regarding Keith Geiger's testimony for the Na- tional Education Association 376 5. June 26, 1984, statement of Ambassador Jean Gerard, U.S. Permanent Delegate to UNESCO, during a meeting with the Subcommittee on Human Rights and International Organizations and the Subcommittee on Interna- tional Operations 377 6. Agenda of the UNESCO Executive Board meeting May 9-23, 1984 386 7. Membership of the temporary committee set up by the Executive Board of UNESCO following its resolution 392 8. Statement of Ambassador Gerard on agenda item 5.1, 119th UNESCO Executive Board, May 17, 1984, concerning U.S. withdrawal from UNESCO. 393 9. U.S. response to debate on item 5.1 delivered by Ambassador Gerard, May 9, 1984 395 10. Response to the UNESCO Director General's oral report delivered by Ambassador Gerard, May 10, 1984 398 11. Letter dated May 9, 1984, from Ambassador Gerard to His Excellency Patrick Seddoh, chairman of the Executive Board of UNESCO, regarding item 5.1 of the UNESCO agenda 400 12. Statement of Ambassador Gerard before the 119th session of the UNESCO Executive Board on agenda item 5.11, "Communication from the United Kingdom's Minister of Overseas Development to the Director General Con- Page cerning United Kingdom Policy on UNESCO," May 22, 1984 402 13. List of 15 best UNESCO programs as rated by the Western Information Group 413 14. List
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