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Varaha-Purana THE VARAHA-PURANA Translated and Annotated by S. VENKITASUBRAMONIA IYER PARTI MOTILAL BANARSIDASS PUBLISHERS PRIVATE LIMITED • DELHI First Edition: Delhi, 1985 Reprint: Delhi, 2003 © MOTILAL BANARSIDASS PUBLISHERS PRIVATE LIMITED All Rights Reserved. ISBN: 81-208-0361-2 Also available at: MOTILAL BANARSIDASS 41 U.A. Bungalow Road, Jawahar Nagar, Delhi 110 007 8 Mahalaxmi Chamber, 22 Bhulabhai Desai Road, Mumbai 400 026 236, 9th Main III Block, Jayanagar, Bangalore 560 011 120 Royapettah High Road, Mylapore, Chennai 600 004 Sanas Plaza, 1302 Baji Rao Road, Pune 411 002 8 Camac Street, Kolkata 700 017 Ashok Rajpath, Patna 800 004 Chowk, Varanasi 221 001 UNESCO COLLECTION OF REPRESENTATIVE WORKS—Indian Series This book has been accepted in the Indian Translation Series of the UNESCO Collection of Representative Works, jointly sponsored by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and the Government of India. Printed in India BYJAINENDRA PRAKASH JAIN AT SHRI JAINENDRA PRESS, A-45 NARAINA, PHASE-I, NEW DELHI 110 028 AND PUBLISHED BY NARENDRA PRAKASH JAIN FOR MOTILAL BANARSIDASS PUBLISHERS PRIVATE LIMITED, BUNGALOW ROAD, DELHI 110 007 PUBLISHER'S NOTE The Purest gems lie hidden in the bottom of the ocean or in the depth of rocks. One has to dive into the ocean or delve into the rocks to find them out. Similarly, truth lies concealed in the language which with the passage of time has become obsolete. Man has to learn that language before he discovers that truth. But he has neither the means nor the leisure to embark on that course. We have, therefore, planned to help him acquire knowledge by an easier course. We have started the series of Ancient Indian Tradition and Mythology in English Translation. Our goal is to universalize knowledge through the most popular international medium of expression. The publication of the Puranas in English Translation is a step towards that goal. PREFACE The present Volume contains the Varaha Purana Part I (Chapters 1-136) in English Translation. This is the thirtyfirst volume in the Series on Ancient Indian Tradition and Mythology. The project of the series was planned in 1970 by Lala Sundar Lai Jain of Messrs Motilal Banarsidass, with the purpose to universalize knowledge through the most popular international medium, viz. English. Hitherto, the English translations of eight Puranas, namely Siva, Linga, Bhagavata, Garuda, Narada, Kurma, Brahmanda and Agni have been published and released for sale. In this scheme, the Old Sanskrit Texts of the Puranas as printed by the VenkateSvara Press and published by Khemaraja Sri- krsnadass have been rendered into English. Translation is neither too literal nor too free. Care has been taken to maintain balance between the two extremes. The spirit of the Original Sanskrit text has been preserved in translation without violating the idiom of English language. The Puranas are classified as Vaisnava, Brahma, or Saiva according to the degree of quality, sattva, rajas or tamas which they possess in prominence. Judged by this standard the present Purana belongs to the Visnuite class. Majority of the verses relate to Visnuite rituals, stotras or anecdotes. The Purana eulogizes the ten incarnations of Visnu and proclaims that a devotee attains identity with the lord by reciting and listening to his praise. A number of chapters describe the initiation of devotees to Visnuite order. The Purana prescribes initiation not only for the Brahmanas but also for the Ksatriyas, Vaisyas and Sudras. The Purana records a number of religious vows which a devotee should observe at certain holy places for attaining his desire. Mention may be made in this context of DvadasI Vrata observed on the twelfth day of the bright fortnight of each month of the year, the ritual being related to the ten incarnations of Visnu, Padmanabha being the eleventh and Dharani (Earth) the twelfth. The Purana contains a number of hymns in praise viii Preface of Visnu, addressed to his specific forms, under particular names such as Matsya, Varaha and Kurma. There is a hymn in prose called Brahmaparamaya stotra which was uttered by the Asvins in praise of Visnu. Though predominantly Visnuite in character, the Purana talks highly of lord Siva, discribing his origin, exploits, the des- truction of Daksa's sacrifice in particular. The Purana is emphatic about the identity of Trinity, a single entity assuming manifold forms such as Visnu, Brahma, Siva and others. Beside the worship of Trinity we find the cult of Mother Goddesses as the distinct feature of this work. These Mothers are allied to Siva and their origin is traced to the fury of Siva, the purpose being the destruction of asuras. In the miscellany of topics we can include the glory and greatness of holy centres, gifts of cows, enumration of sins and their expiation, causes of sufferings in hell and of enjoyment in heaven. Finally this Part describes Sraddhakalpa (the institution of obsequial rites and rituals). ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF OBLIGATIONS It is our pleasant duty to put on record our sincere thanks to Dr. R. N. Dandekar and the UNESCO authorities for their kind encouragement and valuable help which render this work more useful than it would otherwise have been. We are extre- mely grateful to Dr. S. Venkitasubramonia Iyer, Professor of Sanskrit (Retired), University of Kerala, for his critical Intro- duction, lucid translation and useful notes. We also thank those persons who have offered suggestions for improving the same. —Editor CONTENTS PARTI PREFACE vii ABBREVIATIONS xiii INTRODUCTION xv CHAPTERS 1. Earth's Enquiry about Creation, Benedictory Prayer 1 2. Primary Creation 3 3. Birth of Narada 10 4. Greatness of Narayana 12 5. Attainment of Liberation through Duty 16 6. Attainment of liberation uttering the Pundarlkasapara hymn 20 7. Attainment of liberation uttering Gadadhara Hymn 23 8. The Life of Dharmavyadha 27 9. Description of Fish-Incarnation 32 10. The Creation and the Life of Durjaya 35 11. Fight between Durjaya and Gauramukha 40 12. Narayana offers a boon to Supratlka 47 13. Rules for Sraddha 49 14. Rules for Sraddha 54 15. Sage Gauramukha's liberation after uttering the hymn of Ten Incarnations of Visnu 58 16. The Story of Sarama 60 17. The Story of Mahatapas 62 18. Origin of Fire 68 19. Greatness of Fire 69 20. Origin of Asvins 70 21. Origin of Gauri 74 22. Marriage of Gauri 80 23. Origin of Vinayaka 83 24. Origin of Serpents 86 25. Origin of Skanda 88 26. Origin of Sun 92 27. Origin of Matrgana 94 с Contents 28. Origin of Goddess Durga 96 29. Origin of Diks 100 30. Origin of Kubera 101 31. Origin of Visnu 101 32. Origin of Dharma 103 33. Origin of Rudra 105 34. Origin of Pitrs 108 35. Origin of Soma 109 36. Former Story. 110 37. Story of Dlrghabahu 112 38. Story of Satyatapas 116 39. MatsyadvadasI Vrata 118 40. Kurmadvadasi Vrata 123 41. Varahadvadasi Vrata 124 42. Narasimhadvadasi Vrata 127 43. VamanadvadasI Vrata 128 44. Jamadagnyadvadasi Vrata 130 45. RamadvadasI Vrata 131 46. KrsnadvadasI Vrata 132 47. BuddhadvadasI Vrata 133 48. KalkidvadasI Vrata 135 49. PadmanabhadvadasI Vrata 137 50. Dharani Vrata 140 51. Agastyaglta I 142 52. Agastyaglta II 144 53. Story of Pasupala 145 54. Vrata for attaining the best husband 147 55. Subha Vrata 148 56. Dhanya Vrata 152 57. Kami Vrata 153 58. Saubhaghya Vrata 155 59. Avighna Vrata 156 60. Santi Vrata 157 61. Kama Vrata 158 62. Arogya Vrata 159 63. Putraprapti Vrata 161 64. Saurya Vrata 162 65. Sarvhabhauma Vrata 163 66. Naradlya Pancaratra 164 67. Wonder of Visnu 165 Contends xi 68. Yugadharma 166 69. Wonder of Narayana 168 70. Rudraglta I 169 71. Rudraglta II 172 72. Determination of Prakrti and Purusa 176 73. Vairajavrtta 178 74. Cosmology 181 75. Jambudvlpa and Meru 183 76. Cities of Eight Dikpala-s 188 77. The Meru Mountain 189 78. Mandara and other mountains 191 79. Valleys of Meru I 192 80. Valleys of Meru II 194 81. Domains of Devas in the Mountains 196 82. Decent of the rivers 197 83. Regions and rivers in the mountain Naisadha 198 84. Regions on the South and North of Meru 199 85. The nine divisions of Bharata 201 86. Sakadvipa 202 87. Kusadvlpa 202 88. Krauncadvipa 203 89. Salmalidvlpa and others 204 90. Goddess of Creation 205 91. SarasvatI and others 208 92. Greatness of Vaisnavl 209 93. Discussion of Mahisasura with his ministers 211 94. Fight between gods and demons 213 95. Death of Mahisasura 214 96. Exploits of Raudrl 219 97. Greatness of Rudra 223 98. Moksa of Satyatapas 226 99. Greatness of Tiladhenu 229 100. Greatness of Jaladhenu 236 101. Greatness of Rasadhenu 237 102. Greatness of Gudadhenu 238 103. Greatness of Sarkaradhenu 240 104. Greatness of Madhudhenu 241 105. Greatness of Ksiradhenu 242 106. Greatness of Dadhidhenu 244 107. Greatness of Navanltadhenu 244 xii Contents 108. Greatness of Lavanadhenu 245 109. Greatness of Karpasadhenu 247 110. Greatness of Dhanyadhenu 248 111. Greatness of Kapiladhenu 249 112. Greatness of Cow at Childbirth, list of Puranas 250 113. Hymn on the Lord 255 114. Varaha incarnation—Questions of Earth 260 115. Origin of different dharmas (Karmas of different castes) 264 116. Happiness and Unhappiness 267 117. Thirtytwo offences 270 118. Rituals in idol worship 273 119. Food forbidden in worship 276 120. Worship of Sandhya 278 121. Absence of birth 279 122. Greatness of Kokamukha—story of the Fish and Cricket 281 123. Greatness of flowers, sandalpaste etc. 288 124. Worship in the Seasons 291 125. Mayacakra 295 126. Greatness of Kubjamraka—story of the Serpent and Ichneumon 306 127. Initiation of the Brahmin 319 128. Initiation of other Castes—Ganantika, Comb, Collyrium and Mirror 323 129.
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