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Étude Du Lien Homme-Animal De Compagnie À Destination Des Vétérinaires

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Étude Du Lien Homme-Animal De Compagnie À Destination Des Vétérinaires OATAO is an open access repository that collects the work of Toulouse researchers and makes it freely available over the web where possible This is an author’s version published in: http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/ 25331 To cite this version: Mancel, Lise . L'animal, un compagnon de vie : étude du lien Homme-Animal de compagnie à destination des vétérinaires. Thèse d'exercice, Médecine vétérinaire, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse – ENVT, 2017, 155 p. Any correspondence concerning this service should be sent to the repository administrator: [email protected] ANNEE 2017 THESE : 2017 – TOU 3 – 4114 L’ANIMAL, UN COMPAGNON DE VIE : ETUDE DU LIEN HOMME-ANIMAL DE COMPAGNIE A DESTINATION DES VETERINAIRES _________________ THESE pour obtenir le grade de DOCTEUR VETERINAIRE DIPLOME D’ETAT présentée et soutenue publiquement devant l’Université Paul-Sabatier de Toulouse par MANCEL Lise Née, le 20 mai 1992 à RODEZ (12) ___________ Directeur de thèse : M. Stéphane BERTAGNOLI ___________ JURY PRESIDENT : M. Claude MOULIS Professeur à l’Université Paul-Sabatier de TOULOUSE ASSESSEURS : M. Stéphane BERTAGNOLI Professeur à l’Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de TOULOUSE Mme Nathalie PRIYMENKO Maître de Conférences à l’Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de TOULOUSE MEMBRES INVITES : M. Dominique Pierre PICAVET Professeur à l’Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de TOULOUSE M. Alain GREPINET Enseignant en Droit Vétérinaire à l’Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de TOULOUSE Répartition des Enseignants-Chercheurs par Département . Mise à jour : 03/11/2017 DIRECTRICE : ISABELLE CHMITELIN SCIENCES CLINIQUES DES ANIMAUX ELEVAGE ET PRODUITS/SANTE SCIENCES BIOLOGIQUES ET DE COMPAGNIE, DE SPORT ET DE PUBLIQUE VETERINAIRE FONCTIONNELLES LOISIRS Responsable : M. SANS Responsable : Mme GAYRARD Responsable : Mme CADIERGUES ALIMENTATION ANIMALE : M. ENJALBERT Francis , PR Mme PRIYMENKO Nathalie , MC ANATOMIE : ANESTHESIOLOGIE Mme MEYNADIER Annabelle , MC M. MOGICATO Giovanni , MC M. VERWAERDE Patrick , MC M. LIGNEREUX Yves , PR EPIDEMIOLOGIE : Mme DEVIERS Alexandra , MC CHIRURGIE : Mathilde PAUL , MC M. AUTEFAGE André , PR M. ASIMUS Erik , MC ANATOMIE PATHOLOGIQUE - HISTOLOGIE : M. MATHON Didier , MC PARASITOLOGIE-ZOOLOGIE : M. DELVERDIER Maxence , PR Mme MEYNAUD-COLLARD Patricia , MC M. FRANC Michel , PR Mme LETRON-RAYMOND Isabelle , PR Mme PALIERNE Sophie , MC M. JACQUIET Philippe , PR Mme BOURGES-ABELLA Nathalie , PR M. LIENARD Emmanuel , MC Mme LACROUX Caroline , PR MEDECINE INTERNE : Mme BOUHSIRA Emilie, MC M GAIDE Nicolas , AERC Mme DIQUELOU Armelle , MC M. DOSSIN Olivier , MC HYGIENE ET INDUSTRIE DES ALIMENTS : Mme LAVOUE Rachel , MC M. BRUGERE Hubert , PR BIOLOGIE MOLECULAIRE : Mme GAILLARD-THOMAS Elodie , MCC M. BAILLY Jean-Denis , PR Mme BOUCLAINVILLE-CAMUS Christelle , MC Mme BIBBAL Delphine , MC OPHTALMOLOGIE : Mme COSTES Laura , AERC MICROBIOLOGIE – IMMUNOLOGIE - M. DOUET Jean-Yves , MC Mme DAVID Laure , MCC MALADIES INFECTIEUSES : M. MILON Alain , PR PATHOLOGIE DE LA REPRODUCTION : M. BERTAGNOLI Stéphane , PR DERMATOLOGIE : M. BERTHELOT Xavier , PR M. VOLMER Romain , MC Mme CADIERGUES Marie-Christine , PR M. BERGONIER Dominique , MC Mme BOULLIER Séverine , MC Mme CHASTANT-MAILLARD Sylvie , PR Mme DANIELS Hélène , MC Mme HAGEN-PICARD Nicole , PR IMAGERIE MEDICALE M NOUVEL Laurent-Xavier , MC M. CONCHOU Fabrice, MC Mme MILA Hanna , MC BIOSTATISTIQUES : M. CONCORDET Didier , PR BIOLOGIE MOLECULAIRE. : PATHOLOGIE DES RUMINANTS : M. LYAZRHI Faouzi , MC Mme TRUMEL Catherine , PR M. SCHELCHER François , PR M. FOUCRAS Gilles , PR PATHOLOGIE DES EQUIDES : M CORBIERE Fabien, MC PHARMACIE-TOXICOLOGIE : M. CUEVAS RAMOS Gabriel , MC M. MAILLARD Renaud , PR M. PETIT Claude , PR Mme LALLEMAND Elodie , AERC M. M. MEYER Gilles , PR Mme CLAUW Martine , PR M. GUERRE Philippe , PR PRODUCTION ET PATHOLOGIE AVIAIRE M. JAEG Philippe , MC ET PORCINE : Mme WARET-SZKUTA Agnès, MC PHYSIOLOGIE –PHARMACOLOGIE M. JOUGLAR Jean-Yves , MC THERAPEUTIQUE : M. GUERIN Jean-Luc , PR M. BOUSQUET-MELOU Alain , PR M. LE LOC’H Guillaume , MC Mme GAYRARD-TROY Véronique , PR Mme FERRAN Aude , MC M. LEFEBVRE Hervé , PR PRODUCTIONS ANIMALES AMELIORATION GENETIQUE ECONOMIE : BIOCHIMIE. : M. DUCOS Alain , PR Mme BENNIS-BRET Lydie , MC M. SANS Pierre , PR M. RABOISSON Didier , MC ANGLAIS : M. SEVERAC Benoît , PLPA Mme MICHAUD Françoise , PCEA REMERCIEMENTS A Monsieur le Professeur Claude Moulis Professeur de l’Université Paul Sabatier de Toulouse Qui m’a fait l’honneur d’accepter la présidence de mon jury de thèse Hommage respectueux A Monsieur le Professeur Stéphane Bertagnoli Professeur de Pathologie Infectieuse à l’Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse Pour avoir accepté la direction de ma thèse Pour sa disponibilité, son aide et son soutien Un grand remerciement A Madame le Docteur Nathalie Priymenko Maître de Conférence en Alimentation à l’Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse Qui m’a fait l’honneur d’accepter de faire partie de ce jury de thèse Sincères remerciements A Monsieur le Professeur Dominique Pierre Picavet Professeur de Pathologie Infectieuse à l’Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse Pour avoir accepté de prendre part à ce jury de thèse en tant que membre invité Pour m’avoir encadrée tout au long de ce travail Pour ses précieux conseils et son analyse critique Profonde gratitude A Monsieur le Docteur Alain Grépinet Enseignant en Droit Vétérinaire à L’Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse Pour m’avoir suggéré le sujet de cette thèse et pour m’avoir aidée à en construire la trame Sincères remerciements TABLE DES MATIERES TABLE DES ILLUSTRATIONS ................................................................................................ 7 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 8 Partie I- Origine, diversité et évolution du lien entre l’homme et l’animal de compagnie . 10 1- Histoire du lien entre l’homme et son animal de compagnie ................................. 11 1.1- La zooarchéologie : vers l’étude de la préhistoire du lien homme-animal ............ 11 1.2- Histoire des liens entre l’homme et le chien .......................................................... 14 1.3- Histoire des liens entre l’homme et le chat............................................................ 19 2- Les raisons de l’attachement ................................................................................. 22 2.1- Définition de l’attachement.................................................................................... 22 2.2- Les raisons immédiates de l’attachement .............................................................. 23 2.3- Les raisons lointaines de l’attachement ................................................................. 25 3- Diversité des liens et du degré d’attachement de l’homme pour l’animal de compagnie .................................................................................................................. 28 3.1- Facteurs influençant la relation entre l’homme et l’animal de compagnie : exemple du chien .............................................................................................................. 28 3.2- Comment mesurer l’attachement entre une personne et son animal de compagnie ? ...................................................................................................................... 31 3.3- Influence des paramètres sociodémographiques sur le lien avec l’animal de compagnie ........................................................................................................................ 36 4- Importance grandissante du lien unissant l’homme et l’animal : conséquences juridiques en France .................................................................................................... 44 4.1- Le statut juridique de l’animal en France (Legifrance, 2017) ................................ 44 4.2- Une reconnaissance par la loi du lien unissant un propriétaire et son animal ? ... 46 4.3- Conséquences pour le vétérinaire praticien ........................................................... 48 Partie II- Le lien homme-animal mis à profit en santé humaine : les interventions assistées par l’animal .................................................................................................................... 50 1- Le lien homme-animal et son application thérapeutique : un secteur de recherche récent ......................................................................................................................... 51 4 1.1- Fondements de la recherche sur le lien homme-animal et ses bienfaits pour l’homme : le HAB .............................................................................................................. 51 1.2- Les professions impliquées historiquement dans la recherche sur le HAB ............ 57 1.3- Le HAB : un mouvement international ................................................................... 60 1.4- L’HAB et le grand public : le rôle des médias ......................................................... 61 1.5- Analyse de la littérature scientifique sur le HAB de ses début jusqu’à aujourd’hui : revue d’une méta-analyse de 2014 (Hosey et Melfi, 2014) ............................................ 62 2- Le lien homme-animal et ses bienfaits sur l’homme .............................................. 64 2.1- Bienfaits physiques et physiologiques .................................................................... 64 2.2- Bienfaits psychologiques .......................................................................................
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