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Assessment of Rural and Community Development in Nigeria: a Case Study of Communities in Abuja Municipal Area Council (Amac)

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Assessment of Rural and Community Development in Nigeria: a Case Study of Communities in Abuja Municipal Area Council (Amac) ASSESSMENT OF RURAL AND COMMUNITY . DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA: 1. A CASE STUDY OF COMMUNITIES IN ABUJA MUNICIPAL AREA COUNCIL (AMAC) FCT-ABUJA .. BY lBllAI-IIM ELIZABET/1 P. REG. NO. 04463322 · .. BEING A DESEllTATION SUBMITTED TO TI-lE I,OSTGRADUATE SCfiOOL, FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES, ' DEPf\.RTMEN1' OF POLITICAL SCIENCE AND INTEllNATIONAL RELATIONS, UNIVERSITY OF ABUJA, . IN ·p ARl'IAL FULFILMEN1, OF TI-IE REQUIREMENT FOR TI-IE A WAl{D OF M.SC IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND POLICY ANALYSIS (PAPA). SEPTEMBER, 2011. .. CERTIFICATION This DISSERTATION Assessment of Rural and Community Development in Niger·ia: A Case Study of Communities in Abuja Municipal Area Council (AMAC), FCT Abuja, carried out by IBRAHIM, Elizabeth Pasha Reg. No. 04463322 has been read, corrected and approved as meeting the requirements for the award of Masters of Science Degree (M.Sc) in Public Administration and Policy Analysis in the Department of Politic�.d elations, University of Abuja, Nigeria. --- ------- ---- --- ----- ------ ------ --- , ---- Professor I.E.S. Amdii (Supervisor) .• . oaka Date ( ead ofDepartment) --t)_J-�:------------rr::; �· ��---_· . I'!1 Dr. S.O. Ogbu Date (Ag. Dean, Fac ty a ------ �� - - ----- -- ------ - --- - -- �- ---- -- - - £-:�=�-1= Professor Haruna D. Dlakwa __ ,, (ExternalExaminer) Date ��----- ------------------ _hh�--��-==��-t - ---�------ !?_ ifrofessor F.W. Abdulrahman Date (Dean, PostgraduateSchool) -----·- DEDICATION This dissertation is dedicated to my Late Father, Late Sister and late Grandmother, Mr Ishaku I. Pasha, Mrs Gladys Murna M.K. Asso and Mrs Elizabeth Ibrahim who never lived to see what have achieved today. 1 Ill ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First and foremost, I give God Almighty the glory, thanks and praises for giving me wisdom, grace and strength to accomplish this work. I am very grateful to my Supervisor, Professor SAM Amdii for his useful advices, comments, criticisms, suggestions and guidance in the course of writing this thesis. He has been very thorough, and hard on me to see the successful completion of this work. Equally, I obtain valuable contribution on the work from my second Supervisor, Dr. Ekhator and other V.H. members of the staff of the Department of political science and International Relations. I am most grateful to Prof. J.Y Maisamari who provided me with the necessary encouragement and support to undertake postgraduate studies, also of Dr. Musa Muda, Jerry Vambe and Mal. Madugu Mohammed· for Mr helping me out with necessary materials. I am indebted to the Management and staff of Gwagwalada Area Council and the Area CouncilService Commission for giving me the opportunity and approval to undergo the study while at the same time continuing with my normal work. IV I give thanks to Hon. Nbako Ayuba, Hon. Zaphaniah B. Jisalo and Hon Zakari Angulu Dobi for their moral and financials support throughout the period of this programme and to my Mama in office Mrs. Rebecca S. Kure (HOD Admin.) who now late for her patient and endurance throughout the programme. Now to my darling husband, Mr. Andrew Yemson and my beloved children, Moses A. Yemson , Isaac A. Yemson and my little Joseph A. Yemson fo r tolerating me when I deprived them my usual attention in this study period. I also thank my beloved mother Mrs. Maryam I. Pasha for her patient and prayers. Throughout the period of writing this thesis, I benefit from the wealth and encouragement of the following well-wishers; Mrs. Grace Yemson, Mrs. Hannatu Gambo, Grace Maisamari, Mrs. Hanny Sylvanus, Mr.Peter Daniel Mr. Ishaya Ibrahim and many more others. All of them contributed and waited patiently and fervently prayed for me to conclude the study. Lastly I acknowledge Mrs. Mariam Enesi and Chinyere Onwukwe of 0. Gwagwalada Area Council fo r taking pains to typeset the hand written manuscript of this thesis. IBRAHIM ELIZABETH P. v LIST OF TABLES TABLE PAGES Table of Population Sample ................................... ... 11 Summary of data presentation . .................................. 131 Education Development. .......................................... 7 14 Health Project. ...................................................... 149 Rural road construction . ..................... .......... ............ 150 Rural Electrification ..... .......................... ......... ......... 151 Rural Water supply ................................ .................. 153 Agricultural project. ................................. .... ... ....... 7 14 Economic Empowerment. ............... ...... .................... 159 VI LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE PAGES 1. Map ofFCT showing the whole Area Councils ..................... 108 ii. Map ofAbu ja Municipal Area Council (AMAC) Showing the wards/constituency ................................... 12 112 111. Organization structure of Abuj a Municipal Area Council (AMAC) ........ 0 ••• 0. 0. 0. 0. 0 ••• 0 0 0 0 ••0 0 0. 0 0 0 0 0. 0 0 0 0 0 •• 0 ••• I 24 Vll ABSTRACT The major objective of this project is to identify the extent to Vvhich rural and community development has been implemented in order to transform the rural communities and bring development closer to the rural environment through the provision of basic services like Education; Health; Rural roads; Water supply; Rural electrification; Agriculture; e.t.c. to the rural people. The method adopted fo r this research study is primary data involving the use of questionnaires and interviews to be carried out among respondents fo r the purpose of providing solution to the preposition raised in the research and secondary data which basically deals with documents such as books, journals and other published and unpublished materials. The project therefore, reveals that effective performance of the local government in the area of service administration is not independent of such major fa ctors as the financial capacity, level of manpower training, adequate planning to cope with the current and future challenges among others. The implication of this finding is that local government administration can be managed smoothly, to become more effective and efficient. This can then result into sustainable development in the rural areas. Vlll TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Title page: 1 .. Certification: 11 Dedication: lli Acknowledgement: IV List of Tables: VI .. List of Figures: Vll Abstract: Vlll . Table of Contents: IX CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION PAGES 1.1 Background of study ............................... 1 Research Problem ............ ...................... 1.2 4 1.3 Objective of the study ............... ............... 6 1.4 Research Methodology ............................. 7 1.5 Scope of the study ...................................13 1.6 Significance of the Study ........................... 14 IX 1.7 Limitation of the Study .............................. 14 1.8 Chapter Organization ....... ... ......... ...... ........ 15 CHAPTER TWO LITERATURE REVIEW AND THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK 2.1 Introduction ............................................ 16 2.2 Conceptual Definition . ............ ................... 16 2.3 The Issue Rural Development ..... .................. 22 Community Development. 0. 0 .. 0 ..... 0 ....... 0 ... 0 .. 204 35 The Role of Community Leaders as Instrument 2.5 For Social Mobilization...................... ....... 42 2.6 The Role of government in Community Development. ........................ 46 2.7 Theoretical Framework ............... .... ..... ......49 X CHA PTER THREE RURAL AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT POLICY IN NIGERIA 3.1 Introduction ......................... ..... ............... 64 3.2 Pre-Independent Development Plan ........ ........ 65 3.3 Post-Independence Planning in Nigeria ........ ... 67 3.4 Development Policy During Military Epoch ....... 74 3.5 Post Military Development Policy ............ ....... 87 3.6 The Impact of the Development Plan on the Rural Environment ... ............................................ 96 CHAPTER FOUR HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF ABUJA MUNICIPA L AREA COUNCIL 4.1 Introduction ...............................................1 05 4.2 Evolution of Federal Capital Territory (FCT) . .......1 06 4.3 The Development of Abuja Municipal Area Council (AMAC) ........................................ 109 4.4 Structure and Function of (AMAC) . .................. 117 . - ·-·--··----·- XI 4.5 Inter-Governmental Relation in (AMAC) ..... ..... ..127 CHAPTER FIVE DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION 5.1 Data Presentation ............... ..................... ... 130 5.2 Data Analysis and Interpretation ........ ... ........ ...131 CHAPTER SIX SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 6.1 Summary ........................................... ........ 176 Conclusion ........ .... ....................... ........ ....... 6.2 177 6.3 Recommendation ..... ... ........ ..... ........................ 181 Bibliography ... ...................... ....................... 183 Appendix ...................................................... 188 Xll CHAPTER ONE 1.1 BACKGROUND OF STUDY The Local Government (Area Council) is the closest tier of goverrunent to the people in Nigeria, since most people in the world have found administering a country in a centralized form of govemment vety difficult or cumbersome. However, delegating power to other level of govemment has been a better measure of administration the society most especially in an in heterogeneous society of Nigeria. Local Government administration (Area CoWlcil) has been established for some reasons. These can be narrowed down to four (4) basic ones; providing Local services, promoting local freedom
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