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Core Java® Volume II—Advanced Features Ninth Edition This Page Intentionally Left Blank Core Java® Volume II—Advanced Features Ninth Edition Core Java® Volume II—Advanced Features Ninth Edition This page intentionally left blank Core Java® Volume II—Advanced Features Ninth Edition Cay S. Horstmann Gary Cornell Upper Saddle River, NJ • Boston • Indianapolis • San Francisco New York • Toronto • Montreal • London • Munich • Paris • Madrid Capetown • Sydney • Tokyo • Singapore • Mexico City Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book, and the publisher was aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed with initial capital letters or in all capitals. Oracle and Java are registered trademarks of Oracle and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book, but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the use of the information or programs contained herein. This document is provided for information purposes only and the contents hereof are subject to change without notice. This document is not warranted to be error-free, nor subject to any other warranties or conditions, whether expressed orally or implied in law, including implied warranties and conditions of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. We specifically disclaim any liability with respect to this document and no contractual obligations are formed either directly or indirectly by this document. This document may not be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, for any purpose, without our prior written permission. The publisher offers excellent discounts on this book when ordered in quantity for bulk purchases or special sales, which may include electronic versions and/or custom covers and content particular to your business, training goals, marketing focus, and branding interests. For more information, please contact: U.S. Corporate and Government Sales (800) 382-3419 [email protected] For sales outside the United States, please contact: International Sales [email protected] Visit us on the Web: informit.com/ph Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data: Horstmann, Cay S., 1959- Core Java / Cay S. Horstmann, Gary Cornell.—Ninth edition. pages cm Includes index. ISBN 978-0-13-708189-9 (v. 1 : pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Java (Computer program language) I. Cornell, Gary. II. Title. QA76.73.J38H6753 2013 005.13'3—dc23 2012035397 Copyright © 2013 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 Printed in the United States of America. This publication is protected by copyright, and permission must be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission to use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions Department, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458, or you may fax your request to (201) 236-3290. ISBN-13: 978-0-13-708160-8 ISBN-10: 0-13-708160-X Text printed in the United States on recycled paper at Edwards Brothers Malloy in Ann Arbor, Michigan. Second printing, September 2013 Contents Preface ........................................................................................................... xv Acknowledgments ........................................................................................ xix Chapter 1: Streams and Files ........................................................................ 1 1.1 Streams .......................................................................................................... 2 1.1.1 Reading and Writing Bytes .......................................................... 2 1.1.2 The Complete Stream Zoo ........................................................... 4 1.1.3 Combining Stream Filters ............................................................. 9 1.2 Text Input and Output ............................................................................. 13 1.2.1 How to Write Text Output ......................................................... 13 1.2.2 How to Read Text Input ............................................................. 16 1.2.3 Saving Objects in Text Format ................................................... 16 1.2.4 Character Sets ............................................................................... 20 1.3 Reading and Writing Binary Data .......................................................... 25 1.3.1 Random-Access Files .................................................................. 28 1.4 ZIP Archives .............................................................................................. 33 1.5 Object Streams and Serialization ............................................................ 36 1.5.1 Understanding the Object Serialization File Format .............. 42 1.5.2 Modifying the Default Serialization Mechanism .................... 48 1.5.3 Serializing Singletons and Typesafe Enumerations ............... 50 1.5.4 Versioning ..................................................................................... 52 1.5.5 Using Serialization for Cloning ................................................. 54 1.6 Working with Files .................................................................................... 57 1.6.1 Paths .............................................................................................. 57 1.6.2 Reading and Writing Files .......................................................... 60 1.6.3 Copying, Moving, and Deleting Files ....................................... 61 1.6.4 Creating Files and Directories ................................................... 62 1.6.5 Getting File Information ............................................................. 63 1.6.6 Iterating over the Files in a Directory ....................................... 64 1.6.7 ZIP File Systems ........................................................................... 67 v vi Contents 1.7 Memory-Mapped Files ............................................................................. 68 1.7.1 The Buffer Data Structure ........................................................... 77 1.7.2 File Locking .................................................................................. 79 1.8 Regular Expressions .................................................................................. 81 Chapter 2: XML ............................................................................................. 93 2.1 Introducing XML ....................................................................................... 94 2.1.1 The Structure of an XML Document ......................................... 96 2.2 Parsing an XML Document ...................................................................... 99 2.3 Validating XML Documents .................................................................. 113 2.3.1 Document Type Definitions ..................................................... 114 2.3.2 XML Schema ............................................................................... 122 2.3.3 A Practical Example .................................................................. 125 2.4 Locating Information with XPath ......................................................... 140 2.5 Using Namespaces .................................................................................. 147 2.6 Streaming Parsers .................................................................................... 150 2.6.1 Using the SAX Parser ................................................................ 150 2.6.2 Using the StAX Parser ............................................................... 156 2.7 Generating XML Documents ................................................................. 159 2.7.1 Documents without Namespaces ............................................ 159 2.7.2 Documents with Namespaces ................................................. 160 2.7.3 Writing Documents ................................................................... 161 2.7.4 An Example: Generating an SVG File .................................... 161 2.7.5 Writing an XML Document with StAX .................................. 164 2.8 XSL Transformations .............................................................................. 173 Chapter 3: Networking ............................................................................... 185 3.1 Connecting to a Server ........................................................................... 185 3.1.1 Socket Timeouts ......................................................................... 190 3.1.2 Internet Addresses ..................................................................... 192 3.2 Implementing Servers ............................................................................ 194 3.2.1 Serving Multiple Clients ........................................................... 197 3.2.2 Half-Close ................................................................................... 201 3.3 Interruptible Sockets ............................................................................... 202 3.4 Getting Web Data ...................................................................................
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