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Review of Pharmacological Properties, Phytochemistry and Medicinal Uses of Volkameria Glabra
264 Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences, 2020, 10, 264-273 Review of Pharmacological Properties, Phytochemistry and Medicinal uses of Volkameria glabra Alfred Maroyi* Department of Botany, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa Abstract: Volkameria glabra (E. Mey.) Mabb. & Y.W. Yuan is a deciduous shrub or a small tree widely used as traditional medicine throughout its distributional range in tropical Africa. This study is aimed at providing a critical review of pharmacological properties, phytochemistry, and medicinal uses of V. glabra. Documented information on pharmacological properties, phytochemistry and medicinal uses of V. glabra was collected from several online sources such as Scopus, Google Scholar, PubMed and Science Direct, and pre-electronic sources such as book chapters, books, journal articles and scientific publications obtained from the university library. This study revealed that the bark, leaf and root infusion and/or decoction of V. glabra are mainly used as immune booster, protective charm, anthelmintic and ethnoveterinary medicine, and traditional medicine for convulsions, fractured bones, fever, wounds, gastro-intestinal problems, snake bite and respiratory diseases. Phytochemical compounds identified from the species include aliphatic glycosides, anthraquinones, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, iridoid, phenols, saponins, steroids, tannins and triterpenoids. The V. glabra and compounds isolated from the species exhibited acaricidal, anthelmintic, antibacterial, antifungal, antimycobacterial, -
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THE SPECIES Clerodendrum myricoides (Rotheca myricoides) Verbenaceae Indigenous STANDARDlTRADE NAME: Butterfly bush. COMMON NAMES: Boran: Mara sisa; Kamba: Kiteangwai, Muvweia; Kikuyu: Munjugu; Kipsigis: Chesamisiet, Obetiot; Luhya (Bukusu): Kumusilangokho; Luhya: Shisilangokho; Luo: Kurgweno, Okwergweno, Okwero, Okworo, Oseke, Sangla; Maasai: Olmakutukut; Marakwet: Chebobet, Chesagon; Samburu: Makutukuti; Tugen: Gobetie. DESCRIPTION: A small shrub up to 3.5 m, much branched from the base and often with some branches scrambling through other plants. The leaves and stem have a distinctive smell when crushed. LEA VES: Opposite or in whods, simple, ovate, margin toothed or, rarely, entire, up to 12 cm long but usually smaller, without hairs and almost stalkless. FLOWERS: Blue or purple, sweetly scented, conspicuous, irregular, 2 petals shaped like butterfly wings. FRUIT: Small rounded berry, black when ripe. ECOLOGY: Found from Sudan and Ethiopia south to Zimba bwe. A common shrub in forest edges, bushland, moun tain scrub, wooded grassland and in secondary vegeta tion, 1,500-2,400 m. Common in rocky places. Agroclimatic Zone Ill. Flowers may occur any time of the year. USES: Arrows, medicine (leaves, stem, roots), bee forage, ornamental, ceremonial. PROPAGATION: Propagation is easy. Cuttings and seedlings can be used, as well as root cuttings or root suckers produced from exposed or injured roots. REMARKS: There are close to two dozen Clerodendrum species in Kenya. C. myricoides is the commonest. Other common species are C. johnstonii (Kamba: Muteangwai; Kikuyu: Muringo; Luhya; Lusala; Marakwet: Jersegao; Meru: Kiankware), which can be a shrub or liana that climbs with the remains of leaf petioles. Flowers are white and the usually galled fruits orange to black. -
A Taxono1vhc Revision of the Genus Faradaya F. Muell
J. Adelaide Bot. Gard 10(2): 165-177 (1987) A TAXONO1VHC REVISION OF THE GENUS FARADAYA F. MUELL. (VERBENACEAE)* IN AUSTRALIA Ahmad Abid Munir State Herbarium, Botanic Gardens, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia 5000 Abstract A taxonomic revision of Faradaya in Australia is presented. The following two species are recognised: F. albertisii and E splendida. F. albertisii is confirmed from Australia. A wide range of material has been examined from Malesia and Oceania. The affinities and distribution are considered for the genus and each species. A key to the species is provided and a detailed description of each species is supplemented by an illustration. Taxonomic History of the Genus The genus Faradaya was described by F. Mueller (1865) with one species, E splendida, the type of which came from Queensland. Originally it was placed in the Bignoniaceae, but soon after its publication, Seemann (1865) referred the genus to the "Natural Order Verbenaceae, closely related to Clerodendrum and Oxera". The family Verbenaceae has been accepted for the genus by all subsequent botanists. Earlier, one Faradaya collection from Tonga and another from Fiji were respectively described by Seemann (1862) and Asa Gray (1862) as new species of Clerodendrum. In view of their difference from other Clerodendrum taxa, Asa Gray (1862) formed for them a new section of the genus namely Clerodendrum sect. Tetrathyranthus A. Gray. Subsequently, Seemann (1865) recognised both types of the section Tetrathyranthus as Faradaya species and thus reduced this section to synonymy under Faradaya. Bentham (1870, 1876) divided the family Verbenaceae into different tribes, with Faradaya in the tribe Viticeae subtribe Oxereae. -
Biochemical Profile of Apacheria Chiricahuensis (Crossosomataceae) Ron Scogin
Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Volume 9 | Issue 3 Article 7 1979 Biochemical Profile of Apacheria chiricahuensis (Crossosomataceae) Ron Scogin Alicia Tatsuno Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.claremont.edu/aliso Part of the Botany Commons Recommended Citation Scogin, Ron and Tatsuno, Alicia (1979) "Biochemical Profile of Apacheria chiricahuensis (Crossosomataceae)," Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany: Vol. 9: Iss. 3, Article 7. Available at: http://scholarship.claremont.edu/aliso/vol9/iss3/7 ALISO 9(3), 1979, pp. 481-482 BIOCHEMICAL PROFILE OF APACHERIA CHIRICAHUENSIS (CROSSOSOMATACEAE) Ron Scogin and Alicia Tatsuno Introduction Apacheria C.T. Mason is a monotypic genus cons1stmg of the single species A. chiricahuensis C.T. Mason. Apacheria was first described by Mason (1975) and was placed in the family Crossosomataceae based upon morphological, habitat, and pollen ultrastructural similarities to Crossosoma bigelovii Wats. Alternative systematic affiliations considered by Mason for this genus included Saxifragaceae and Rosaceae. Chemical investigations were initiated to test the accuracy of placement of this new genus in the family Crossosomataceae. Materials and Methods Dried plant materials for this investigation were generously supplied by Dr. C. T. Mason, Jr. Analytical methods were the same as reported by Tatsuno and Scogin (1978) for studies of Crossosoma. Results The chemical constituents of Apacheria chiricahuensis are shown in Ta ble 1. Also shown for comparison are the corresponding constituents from Crossosoma species reported by Tatsuno and Scogin (1978). Flavonoid compounds (flavones and flavonols) are notably absent from the leaves and flowers of Apacheria, an unusual characteristic shared with both species of Crossosoma. -
Indigenous Plants of Bendigo
Produced by Indigenous Plants of Bendigo Indigenous Plants of Bendigo PMS 1807 RED PMS 432 GREY PMS 142 GOLD A Gardener’s Guide to Growing and Protecting Local Plants 3rd Edition 9 © Copyright City of Greater Bendigo and Bendigo Native Plant Group Inc. This work is Copyright. Apart from any use permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part may be reproduced by any process without prior written permission from the City of Greater Bendigo. First Published 2004 Second Edition 2007 Third Edition 2013 Printed by Bendigo Modern Press: www.bmp.com.au This book is also available on the City of Greater Bendigo website: www.bendigo.vic.gov.au Printed on 100% recycled paper. Disclaimer “The information contained in this publication is of a general nature only. This publication is not intended to provide a definitive analysis, or discussion, on each issue canvassed. While the Committee/Council believes the information contained herein is correct, it does not accept any liability whatsoever/howsoever arising from reliance on this publication. Therefore, readers should make their own enquiries, and conduct their own investigations, concerning every issue canvassed herein.” Front cover - Clockwise from centre top: Bendigo Wax-flower (Pam Sheean), Hoary Sunray (Marilyn Sprague), Red Ironbark (Pam Sheean), Green Mallee (Anthony Sheean), Whirrakee Wattle (Anthony Sheean). Table of contents Acknowledgements ...............................................2 Foreword..........................................................3 Introduction.......................................................4 -
Novitates Neocaledonicae VI: Acropogon Mesophilus (Malvaceae, Sterculioideae), a Rare and Threatened New Species from the Mesic Forest of New Caledonia
Phytotaxa 307 (3): 183–190 ISSN 1179-3155 (print edition) http://www.mapress.com/j/pt/ PHYTOTAXA Copyright © 2017 Magnolia Press Article ISSN 1179-3163 (online edition) https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.307.3.2 Novitates neocaledonicae VI: Acropogon mesophilus (Malvaceae, Sterculioideae), a rare and threatened new species from the mesic forest of New Caledonia JÉRÔME MUNZINGER1 & GILDAS GÂTEBLÉ2 1AMAP, IRD, CNRS, INRA, Université Montpellier, F-34000 Montpellier (France). email: [email protected] 2Institut Agronomique néo-Calédonien (IAC), Station de Recherche Agronomique de Saint-Louis, BP 711, 98810 Mont-Dore (Nouvelle- Calédonie). E-mail: [email protected] Abstract A new species, Acropogon mesophilus Munzinger & Gâteblé (Malvaceae, Sterculioideae), is described from New Caledo- nia. This species is endemic to non-ultramafic areas, along the southwestern coast of Grande-Terre. The species has large leaves, widely ovate to ovate, and entire, and might be confused with only two other endemic species, namely A. bullatus (Pancher & Sebert) Morat and A. veillonii Morat. However, A. mesophilus differs from the other two species most evidently by its leaves 3-nerved, flat, and with truncate to rounded bases, versus leaves 5-nerved, bullate, and with cordate bases. A line drawing and color photos are provided for the new species, along with a discussion of its morphological affinities and a preliminary risk of extinction assessment of Endangered. Keywords: Acropogon, Malvaceae, mesic forest, New Caledonia, new species, Sterculioideae, taxonomy, threatened species Introduction Forests in New Caledonia are currently more or less arbitrarily divided into sclerophyll (or dry) and dense humid forests, the latter being further separated into two main types depending on edaphic conditions, i.e., on ultramafic versus non-ultramafic substrate (Jaffré et al. -
S CIENCE in the G a RDE N S R E S E a Rching, Understanding, Conserving and Communicating the Diversity of Plants
S CIENCE IN THE G A RDE N S R e s e a rching, understanding, conserving and communicating the diversity of plants 1998–99 Annual Report of the Plant Sciences Branch, Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney Plant Sciences Branch Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney Mrs Macquaries Road, Sydney 2000 Tel (02) 9231 8111 Fax (02) 9251 4403 Web Site Address:http://www.rbgsyd.gov.au Gardens Offices 8.30 am to 5 pm Monday to Friday Mount Annan Botanic Garden Mount Annan Drive, Mount Annan NSW 2567 Tel (02) 4648 2477 Fax (02) 4648 2465 The Garden is open all year except Christmas Day. Hours 10 am–4 pm April to September; 10 am–6 pm October to March. Mount Tomah Botanic Garden Bells Line of Road via Bilpin NSW 2758 Tel (02) 4567 2154 Fax (02) 4567 2037 The Garden is open all year except Christmas Day. Hours 10 am–4 pm March to September; 10 am–6 pm October to February. Copyright © Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney 1999 Published by: Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney Mrs Macquaries Road Sydney 2000 Editor: Penny Farrant Photography: Jaime Plaza Cover photo: L to R, Dr Peter Weston, Honorary Research Associate Dr Barbara Briggs and Dr Adam Marchant examine a lotus flower. The lotus flower family formed part of an intriguing story that Gardens’ scientists told to visitors during Science Week — a story about the most exciting new theories on the classification of flowering plants for 250 years. 3 Horticultural Research (cont) Contents Mycological research on the Wollemi Pine 21 Waratah bud borer 21 Armillaria 21 ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS SYDNEY Fusarium 21 Our vision,mission, values -
Evolutionary History of Floral Key Innovations in Angiosperms Elisabeth Reyes
Evolutionary history of floral key innovations in angiosperms Elisabeth Reyes To cite this version: Elisabeth Reyes. Evolutionary history of floral key innovations in angiosperms. Botanics. Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), 2016. English. NNT : 2016SACLS489. tel-01443353 HAL Id: tel-01443353 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01443353 Submitted on 23 Jan 2017 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. NNT : 2016SACLS489 THESE DE DOCTORAT DE L’UNIVERSITE PARIS-SACLAY, préparée à l’Université Paris-Sud ÉCOLE DOCTORALE N° 567 Sciences du Végétal : du Gène à l’Ecosystème Spécialité de Doctorat : Biologie Par Mme Elisabeth Reyes Evolutionary history of floral key innovations in angiosperms Thèse présentée et soutenue à Orsay, le 13 décembre 2016 : Composition du Jury : M. Ronse de Craene, Louis Directeur de recherche aux Jardins Rapporteur Botaniques Royaux d’Édimbourg M. Forest, Félix Directeur de recherche aux Jardins Rapporteur Botaniques Royaux de Kew Mme. Damerval, Catherine Directrice de recherche au Moulon Président du jury M. Lowry, Porter Curateur en chef aux Jardins Examinateur Botaniques du Missouri M. Haevermans, Thomas Maître de conférences au MNHN Examinateur Mme. Nadot, Sophie Professeur à l’Université Paris-Sud Directeur de thèse M. -
The Taxonomy, Chorology and Reproductive Biology of Southern Afri Can Meliaceae and Ptaeroxylaceae
Bothalia 16.2: 143-168 (1986) The taxonomy, chorology and reproductive biology of southern Afri can Meliaceae and Ptaeroxylaceae F. WHITE* Keywords: chorology. Meliaceae. Ptaeroxylaceae. reproductive biology, southern Africa, taxonomy ABSTRACT Information is provided on the taxonomy, chorology and reproductive biology of 14 indigenous and two intro duced species of Meliaceae in southern Africa, and on Ptaeroxylon (Ptaeroxylaceae). Two new taxa are described: Nymanieae F. White, tribus nov. and Turraea strevi F. White & B. T. Styles, sp. nov. Nurmonia (Harms) F. White, comb, et stat. nov.. a new section of Turraea L. is created. The account complements the treatments of these families in the Flora o f southern Africa. UITTREKSEL Inligting word verskaf oor die taksonomie. chorologie en voortplantingsbiologie van 14 inheemse en twee inge- voerde spesies van Meliaceae in suidelike Afrika en oor Ptaeroxylon (Ptaeroxylaceae). Twee nuwe taksons word beskryf: Nymanieae F. White, tribus nov. en Turraea strevi F. White & B. T. Styles, sp. nov. Nurmonia (Harms) F. White, comb, et stat. nov., 'n nuwe seksie van Turraea L. word geskep. Hierdie verslag is aanvullend tot die behandelings van hierdie families in die Flora o f southern Africa. CONTENTS The position of Ptaeroxylon and Nyma nia............................................................ 163 Introduction.................................................................143 South African Trichilia: chemistry and Generic and family delimitation..................... .......144 the taxonomist's e y e .......................... 163 The position of Ptaeroxylon.................................144 Conclusions................................................... 163 The position of N ym ania.....................................144 Taxonomy as a visual a rt.............................. 163 The circumscription of Turraea..........................145 The Meliaceae and the chorology of south Notes on individual genera and species ern Africa.................................................. 164 1. -
Floodplain Vegetation Responses to Flood Regime in the Seasonal Okavango Delta, Botswana
FLOODPLAIN VEGETATION RESPONSES TO FLOOD REGIME IN THE SEASONAL OKAVANGO DELTA, BOTSWANA By MICHAEL MURRAY-HUDSON A DISSERTATION PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 2009 1 ©2009 Michael Murray-Hudson 2 To the late Pete Smith, who planted the seed, and to Frances, who helped it grow. 3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The research on which this dissertation is based was funded and supported by many and various agencies: The University of Botswana, University of Florida (Adaptive Management: Water, Wetlands and Watersheds program funded by the National Science Foundation), and the Biokavango project (Global Environment Facility). The University of Botswana also provided funding for the costs of studying and living abroad. Their support is gratefully acknowledged. In addition the support of all of the staff at the Harry Oppenheimer Okavango Research Centre was instrumental in facilitating both the field research and the remote sensing components of this work. In particular, Piotr Wolski (who can make computers work for him), Cornelis Vanderpost for help with imagery, and Wilfred Kaneguba, Moagisi Diare, Florian Bendsen and Aulter Karumendu for unflagging enthusiasm, willingness to do transects chest deep in crocodile- infested waters, and very fine goat stews in very remote places. Dr Jonathan Timberlake and the staff at the Royal Botanical Gardens in Kew, England, provided invaluable help with identifying stubborn species. Special thanks are due to Dr Mark Brown, my supervisor, for allowing me great flexibility in achieving my goals, and for the field trips in support of the Integrative Graduate Education and Research Traineeship Program (IGERT) program. -
An Account on the Eastern Limits of Afro-Arabian Plants in South Asia
Basic and Applied Dryland Research 2 (2008), 12-22 © Arbeitskreis Wüstenökologie, Gesellschaft für Ökologie http://www.badr-online.de ISSN 1864-3191 An account on the eastern limits of Afro-Arabian plants in South Asia J. Thomas 1, A.H. Alfarhan 1, A. Ali 1, A.G. Miller 2 & L. Othman 3 1 Dept. of Botany & Microbiology, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh- 11451, Saudi Arabia 2 Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20A Inverleith Row, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK 3 National Commission for Wildlife Conservation and Development, PO Box 61681, Riyadh, 11575 Saudi Arabia Email: [email protected] Received 14 June 2008; accepted 22 September 2008 Abstract A brief analysis on the distribution range of some of the species dominating in the arid and extra arid regions of North Africa and Arabian Peninsula is presented. These species are belonging to three phy- togeographical categories namely: Saharo-Sindian, Sudano-Deccanian and Tropical African-Indian elements. Species included for this study are either disjunct or they have a wider distribution, some of which have even extended their presence deep into the Indian phytogeographical region. A broad flo- ristic analysis has been carried out on individual state/regional floras outside the eastern limit of the Saharo-Sindian phytogeographical zone in India to explore the share of Afro-Arabian floristic ele- ments. Among the two arid regions in India, where majority of Afro-Arabian plants exist, western arid land adjoining Pakistan contains the highest number of Afro-Arabian plants whereas the largest share of the flora of the semi arid land in the peninsular part of India comes from the species of the tropical and other eastern phytogeographical zones, including Indian floristic elements. -
Phylogeny of Hedyotisl. (Rubiaceae: Spermacoceae): Redefining A
Vol. 62 (2) • April 2013 International Journal of Taxonomy, Phylogeny and Evolution Electronic Supplement to Phylogeny of Hedyotis L. (Rubiaceae: Spermacoceae): Redefining a complex Asian-Pacific assemblage Niklas Wikström, Suman Neupane, Jesper Kårehed, Timothy J. Motley & Birgitta Bremer Taxon : – TAXON 62 (2) • April 2013 Electr. Suppl. to: Wikström & al. • Phylogeny of Hedyotis Table S1. List of investigated taxa and accession numbers for sequences used in the analyses. DNA voucher information is given for new sequences. The generic names Oldenlandia and Hedyotis are used following Govaerts & al. (2011). Area of Lab. Taxon Taxon distribution DNA voucher collection Ident. rps16 petD ITS ETS Agathisanthemum bojeri Klotzsch Africa EU543018 EU557678 AM939424 – Agathisanthemum chlorophyllum (Hochst.) Bremek. Africa E.E. Galfrin m174 (A) S. Africa cB031 HE649787 HE657551 HE657657 HE681450 Agathisanthemum globosum (Hochst. ex A. Rich.) Klotzsch Africa EU543019 EU557679 AM939425 – Agathisanthemum quadricostatum Bremek. Africa E. Mboya 606 (S) Tanzania cC031 HE649788 HE657552 HE657658 – Amphiasma merenskyanum Bremek. Africa R. Seydel 3118 (A) Namibia cB033 HE649789 HE657553 HE657659 HE681451 Arcytophyllum muticum (Wedd.) Standl. S. America AF002754 EU557682 AM939429 – Arcytophyllum thymifolium (Ruiz & Pav.) Standl. S. America AF333366 EU557683 AM939431 – Batopedina pulvinellata Robbr. Africa EU543021 EU557684 – – Carphalea madagascariensis Lam. Madagascar EU543023 EU557686 – – Cordylostigma microcala (Bremek.) Groeninckx & Dessein Africa EU543039 EU557725 AM939479 AM932962 Cordylostigma virgata (Willd.) Groeninckx & Dessein Africa R. Seydel 2723 (A) Namibia cB032 HE798557 HE657554 HE657660 HE681452 Dentella repens (L.) J.R. Forst. & G. Forst. Asia, Australasia, AF333370 EU557693 AM939440 AM932930 Pacific Dibrachionostylus kaessneri (S. Moore) Bremek. Africa AF002761 EU557694 AM939442 AM932932 Hedyotis acutangula Champ. ex Benth. China, Indochina S.Y. Hu & Y.C. Kong 184 (A) China cB002 HE649790 HE657555 HE657661 HE681453 Hedyotis ampliflora Hance China, Indochina F.C.