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Rhinocerotidae from the Early Middle Miocene Locality Gračanica (Bugojno Basin, Bosnia-Herzegovina)

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Rhinocerotidae from the Early Middle Miocene Locality Gračanica (Bugojno Basin, Bosnia-Herzegovina) See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/330258481 Rhinocerotidae from the early middle Miocene locality Gračanica (Bugojno Basin, Bosnia-Herzegovina) Article in Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments · January 2019 DOI: 10.1007/s12549-018-0352-1 CITATIONS READS 0 196 2 authors: Damien Becker Jérémy Tissier JURASSIC Museum Université de Fribourg 88 PUBLICATIONS 606 CITATIONS 15 PUBLICATIONS 12 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Systematics, phylogeny, and spatiotemporal distribution of Rhinocerotoidea View project Phylogeny of Oligocene Rhinocerotidae from Europe View project All content following this page was uploaded by Jérémy Tissier on 11 January 2019. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments https://doi.org/10.1007/s12549-018-0352-1 ORIGINAL PAPER Rhinocerotidae from the early middle Miocene locality Gračanica (Bugojno Basin, Bosnia-Herzegovina) Damien Becker1,2 & Jérémy Tissier1,2 Received: 27 March 2018 /Revised: 18 May 2018 /Accepted: 17 September 2018 # Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019 Abstract The early middle Miocene (European Land Mammal Zone MN5) locality Gračanica (Bugojno Basin, Bosnia-Herzegovina) has yielded numerous well-preserved dental remains of four Rhinocerotidae species: Brachypotherium brachypus, Lartetotherium sansaniense, Plesiaceratherium balkanicum sp.nov.andHispanotherium cf. matritense. This rhinocerotid assemblage is typical of the Orleanian European Land Mammal Age and indicates a mesic woodland with diverse habitats from swampy forest to drier and more open environment. Keywords Brachypotherium . Lartetotherium . Plesiaceratherium balkanicum sp. nov. Hispanotherium . Early middle Miocene . Southeastern Europe . Bosnia-Herzegovina Introduction specimens, as other vertebrate remains, were regularly found in the lower part of the recorded section represented by coal Among perissodactyls, rhinocerotids are major components of and coaly clays (Mandic et al. 2016; Mandic et al. in prep. a, Miocene faunas in Eurasia (Heissig 1999; Antoine 2002). They this issue). Several other groups of mammals from the same were successful large to mega herbivores living in a wide array locality are described by different contributors of this special of habitats, ranging from savannahs to swamps and forests (e.g. issue (Suoidea by van der Made (in prep., this issue); Cerdeño and Nieto 1995;Beckeretal.2009). Here, we report Ruminantia by Aiglstorfer and Mayda (in press,thisissue); dental remains referable to Rhinocerotidae and originating from Carnivora by Bastl et al. (in press, this issue); Castoridae by the early middle Miocene coal mine of Gračanica (Bugojno Stefen (in press, this issue); Rodentia by Wessels et al. (in Basin, Bosnia-Herzegovina). This mine, situated near the press, this issue); Proboscidea by Göhlich (in prep., this issue); Village Gračanica about 10 km SSE from the centre of Equidae by Göhlich and NN (in prep., this issue); Bugojno, was initially exploited in 1939 and rhinocerotid Chalicotheriidae by Coombs and Göhlich (in press,thisissue). Likewise, the geological features of the region and the strat- igraphical record of the localityarestudiedbyMandicetal.(in This article is a contribution to the special issue BThe drowning swamp of prep. a, this issue). So far, the regional mollusc stratigraphy Gračanica (Bosnia-Herzegovina) - a diversity hotspot from the middle impliedanagerangefrom15.4to15.0MafortheGračanica Miocene in the Bugojno Basin^ of Palaeobiodiversity and succession (Harzhauser et al. in press, this issue), which corre- Palaeoenvironments lates with the Langhian (early middle Miocene) and with the This article is registered in Zoobank under urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C5D European Land Mammal Zone MN5 (Hilgen et al. 2012). The 609C7-23BA-43A0-8396-6654E5B553CC ongoing magnetostratigraphic analyses currently indicates to a slightly younger dating somewhere in the age range between * Damien Becker 15.2 and 14.0 Ma (pers. comm. O. Mandic). For the final [email protected] integrative biostratigraphic and magnetostratigraphic dating of * Jérémy Tissier the Gračanica section see Mandic et al. (in prep. b, this issue). The studied material of Rhinocerotidae allows describing a 1 Jurassica Museum, Route de Fontenais 21, new species of plesiacerathere, Plesiaceratherium balkanicum 2900 Porrentruy, Switzerland sp. nov., beside Hispanotherium cf. matritense and two other 2 Earth Sciences, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 6, species known in the Miocene of Europe, Brachypotherium 1900 Fribourg, Switzerland brachypus and Lartetotherium sansaniense. This rhinocerotid Palaeobio Palaeoenv assemblage can furthermore provide new data for their bio- 1972a, 1999, 2012;Guérin2000, 2008; Fukuchi and Kawai stratigraphic range estimate and for palaeoenvironmental re- 2011; Geraads and Miller 2013), we can reasonably assume the construction of the Gračanica locality. following species as belonging to Brachypotherium: Brachypotherium goldfussi (Kaup 1834) from Europe, late Miocene (MN9–10); Brachypotherium perimense (Falconer Materials and methods and Cautley, 1847) from Southern Asia, early to late Miocene; Brachypotherium heinzelini Hooijer, 1963 from Africa, Miocene The referred specimens from the locality of Gračanica are to? Pliocene; Brachypotherium lewisi Hooijer and Patterson 1972 stored in the collection of the Natural History Museum from Kenya and Libya (Africa), late Miocene to ?Pliocene; Vienna, Austria. The fossils are described and identified by Brachypotherium snowi (Fourteau, 1920) from Egypt and means of anatomical descriptions, comparative anatomy, and Lybia (Africa), early to middle Miocene; Brachypotherium minor biometrical measurements. Dental features described corre- Geraads and Miller 2013 from Kenya (Africa), early Miocene. spond basically to cladistic characters used and listed by The generic attribution of Brachypotherium fatehjangense Antoine (2002). The dental terminology follows Heissig (Pilgrim, 1910), Brachypotherium pugnator (Matsumoto (1969) and Antoine (2002), while measurements were taken 1921)andBrachypotherium shanwangense (Wang, 1965) according to Guérin (1980). All dimensions are in millimeters. from the Miocene of Asia is doubtful (Antoine, 2002;Lu The stratigraphical framework is based on geological time et al. 2016). Based on a cladistic analysis, Antoine et al. scales and European Land Mammal Ages (ELMA) for the (2003) considered the species Aprotodon fatehjangense as in- Neogene (Hilgen et al. 2012). Successions of Mammal cluded in Teleoceratina but excluded from the genus Neogene units (MN) were correlated based on biostratigraphic Brachypotherium. Formerly described as Teleoceras and magnetostratigraphic data (BiochroM’97 1997;Engesser (Brachypotherium) pugnator by Matsumoto (1921) and as and Mödden 1997; Kempf et al. 1997, 1999; Legendre and Chilotherium pugnator by Okumura et al. (1977), this taxa Lévêque 1997; Mein 1999; Steininger 1999; Agustí et al. was tentatively assigned to the genus Plesiaceratherium by 2001;Hilgenetal.2012). Wang (1965) and then reassessed to Brachypotherium by Fukuchi and Kawai (2011) only on the basis of a few Abbreviations fragmented upper cheek teeth only and using measurements FAD First Appearance Datum. I/i upper/lower incisor, M/m as the key character for identification. Following Lu et al. upper/lower molar, and P/p upper/lower premolar. APD (2016), Brachypotherium shanwangensis is considered as a antero-posterior diameter, H height, L length, TD transverse junior synonym of Plesiaceratherium gracile. diameter, and W width. MHNM Muséum d’histoire naturelle Marseille, France; NHMW Natur-historisches Museum Brachypotherium brachypus (Lartet, 1837) Wien, Austria. Fig. 1, Table 1 Type material: not designated. Systematic palaeontology Type locality: Simorre, Gers, France, middle Miocene (MN7–MN8). The suprageneric arrangement follows that proposed by Occurrence: late early Miocene to middle Miocene (MN4b– Antoine et al. (2010). MN8) of Western Europe including Spain, France, Switzerland, Germany and Austria (see Heissig 1999, 2012, Order Perissodactyla Owen, 1848 Becker 2003). Family Rhinocerotidae Gray, 1821 According to Heissig (1996), Codrea (1996, 2000), Geraads Subfamily Rhinocerotinae Gray, 1821 andSpassov(2009), Koufos and Kostopoulos (2013), Tribe Rhinocerotini Gray, 1821 Zervanová et al. (2013) and this study, the species could be Subtribe Teleoceratina Hay, 1902 present in the middle and late Miocene of Eastern and Southeastern Europe (Bosnia, Bulgaria, Greece, Poland, Genus Brachypotherium Roger, 1904 Romania, Slovakia). Fortelius (1990) also described remains of B. brachypus from Paşalar in Anatolia (Turkey, Asia Type species: Rhinoceros brachypus Lartet, 1837, by original Minor). designation. Referred material: right P1 (NHMW 2013/0003/0011); right Other referred species: According to several authors, a full P4 (NHMW 2013/0004/0007); left M2 (NHMW 2013/0004/ revision of the Eurasian and African material of Brachypotherium 0006); right M3 (NHMW 2013/0004/0005); right p3 is seriously needed (e.g. Guérin 2008; Geraads and Miller 2013). (NHMW 2013/0003/0004); right p4 (NHMW 2013/0004/ However, from the current knowledge of the genus (e.g. Heissig 0002); right m1 (NHMW 2013/0004/0003); left m1 Palaeobio Palaeoenv Fig.
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