Masonry Chimneys &Fireplaces
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
The Solar Updraft Tower : Das Aufwindkraftwerk Motivation and Concept - Text
The Solar Updraft Tower : Das Aufwindkraftwerk Motivation and Concept - Text Joerg Schlaich and Rudolf Bergermann The most significant problems of our time, poverty in the Third World and the climate change are interlinked through energy supply and can be solved, if we only want to! The industrialized countries pollute the worldwide climate with their fossil-fuelled power generation. The poor are poor because they cannot afford sufficient energy supply and the population keeps growing. (Fig. 1) If the billions of people who must do without sufficient energy supply would have to cover their energy needs with coal, oil and gas, the climate could not be saved and the environment would be destroyed. Hence, poverty and climate problems can only be solved with global concepts, mutually and equally beneficial to the poor and to the industrialized countries. The poor countries on the „southern hemisphere“, especially the African, have one advantage over the rich countries in the „northern hemisphere“: Sun + Desert, i.e. intensive solar radiation on agriculturally futile land. (Fig. 2) If these poor countries had large scale affordable solar power plants, - affordable because they were built mainly with their own resources and skills -, and which they did not need to import at exorbitant cost, they would profit twice: by their inexhaustible, affordable power supply and by innumerable new jobs. “The Taliban aren’t fighting for religion but for money. If they had jobs, they would stop fighting!” Sham Sher Khan from TIME, April 20, 2009 As electric energy can be transported over very large distances with surprisingly little loss they could export their solar electricity to the industrialized countries. -
A Huff and a Puff, and It Blew the Chimney Down
A HUFF, AND A PUFF, AND… IT BLEW THE CHIMNEY DOWN Kerry S. Lee, P.E., MBA, M.ASCE 1 Gary S. Dunlap, AIA 2 Daniel M. Killian, P.E., B.S. 3 1 Director of Engineering, Nelson Architectural Engineers, Inc., 2740 Dallas Parkway, Suite 220, Plano, Texas 75093; email: [email protected]; phone: 469-429-9000 2 Assistant Director of Architecture, Nelson Architectural Engineers, Inc., 2740 Dallas Parkway, Suite 220, Plano, Texas 75093; email: [email protected]; phone: 469-429-9000 3 Project Director, Nelson Architectural Engineers, Inc., 2740 Dallas Parkway, Suite 220, Plano, Texas 75093; email: [email protected]; phone: 469-429-9000 Abstract This paper will present case studies and assessment of collapses of tall, free standing residential masonry chimneys resulting from windstorms in North Texas. The case studies will outline the assessment of the causes of the collapses and a discussion of design and/or construction defects. A review of limited and highly lacking documentation on design, construction and code requirements governing the architectural and structural “design” and construction of residential chimneys will be conducted. The paper will provide a discussion of the lack of design standards and poor construction practices used for residential load-bearing masonry chimneys. This paper will illustrate how the lack of design, construction, and code requirements results in chimneys lacking sufficient capacity to resist below design wind loads leading to unsafe conditions. It is only a matter of time before the collapse of one of these elevated masonry chimney “missiles” results in severe injury or death of an inhabitant. Introduction The majority of residential structures being built throughout the country today rely on construction requirements outlined within the International Residential Code (IRC). -
Wind- Chimney
WIND-CHIMNEY Integrating the Principles of a Wind-Catcher and a Solar-Chimney to Provide Natural Ventilation A Thesis presented to the Faculty of California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science in Architecture by Fereshteh Tavakolinia December 2011 WIND-CHIMNEY Integrating the Principles of a Wind-Catcher and a Solar-Chimney to Provide Natural Ventilation © 2011 Fereshteh Tavakolinia ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii COMMITTEE MEMBERSHIP TITLE: WIND-CHIMNEY Integrating the Principles of a Wind-Catcher and a Solar-Chimney to Provide Natural Ventilation AUTHOR: Fereshteh Tavakolinia DATE SUBMITTED: December 2011 COMMITTEE CHAIR: James A. Doerfler, Associate Department Head COMMITTEE MEMBER: Jacob Feldman, Professor iii WIND-CHIMNEY Integrating the principles of a wind-catcher and a solar chimney to provide natural ventilation Fereshteh Tavakolinia Abstract This paper suggests using a wind-catcher integrated with a solar-chimney in a single story building so that the resident might benefit from natural ventilation, a passive cooling system, and heating strategies; it would also help to decrease energy use, CO2 emissions, and pollution. This system is able to remove undesirable interior heat pollution from a building and provide thermal comfort for the occupant. The present study introduces the use of a solar-chimney with an underground air channel combined with a wind-catcher, all as part of one device. Both the wind-catcher and solar chimney concepts used for improving a room’s natural ventilation are individually and analytically studied. This paper shows that the solar-chimney can be completely used to control and improve the underground cooling system during the day without any electricity. -
Basic Technical Rules the Nubian Vault (Nv)
PRODUCTION CENTRE INTERNATIONAL PROGRAMME BASIC TECHNICAL RULES v3 BASIC TECHNICAL RULES THE NUBIAN VAULT (NV) TECHNICAL CONCEPT THE NUBIAN VAULT ASSOCIATION (AVN) ADVICE TO MSA CLIENTS Version 3.0 SEASON 2013-2014 COUNTRY INTERNATIONAL Association « la Voûte Nubienne » - 7 rue Jean Jaurès – 34190 Ganges - France February 2015 www.lavoutenubienne.org / [email protected] / +33 (0)4 67 81 21 05 1/14 PRODUCTION CENTRE INTERNATIONAL PROGRAMME BASIC TECHNICAL RULES v3 CONTENTS CONTENTS.............................................................................................................2 1.AN ANCIENT TECHNIQUE, SIMPLIFIED, STANDARDISED & ADAPTED.........................3 2.MAIN FEATURES OF THE NV TECHNIQUE........................................................................4 3.THE MAIN STAGES OF NV CONSTRUCTION.....................................................................5 3.1.EXTRACTION, FABRICATION & TRANSPORT OF MATERIAL....................................5 3.2.CHOOSING THE SITE....................................................................................................5 3.3.MAIN STRUCTURAL WORKS........................................................................................6 3.3.1.Foundations........................................................................................................................................ 6 3.3.2.Load-bearing walls.............................................................................................................................. 7 3.3.3.Arches in load-bearing -
FEMA P-361, Safe Rooms for Tornadoes And
Safe Rooms for Tornadoes and Hurricanes Guidance for Community and Residential Safe Rooms FEMA P-361, Third Edition / March 2015 All illustrations in this document were created by FEMA or a FEMA contractor unless otherwise noted. All photographs in this document are public domain or taken by FEMA or a FEMA contractor, unless otherwise noted. Portions of this publication reproduce excerpts from the 2014 ICC/NSSA Standard for the Design and Construction of Storm Shelters (ICC 500), International Code Council, Inc., Washington, D.C. Reproduced with permission. All rights reserved. www.iccsafe.org Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of FEMA. Additionally, neither FEMA nor any of its employees makes any warrantee, expressed or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, product, or process included in this publication. Users of information contained in this publication assume all liability arising from such use. Safe Rooms for Tornadoes and Hurricanes Guidance for Community and Residential Safe Rooms FEMA P-361, Third Edition / March 2015 Preface ederal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) publications presenting design and construction guidance for both residential and community safe rooms have been available since 1998. Since that time, thousands Fof safe rooms have been built, and a growing number of these safe rooms have already saved lives in actual events. There has not been a single reported failure of a safe room constructed to FEMA criteria. Nevertheless, FEMA has modified its Recommended Criteria as a result of post-disaster investigations into the performance of safe rooms and storm shelters after tornadoes and hurricanes. -
The Impact of Air Well Geometry in a Malaysian Single Storey Terraced House
sustainability Article The Impact of Air Well Geometry in a Malaysian Single Storey Terraced House Pau Chung Leng 1, Mohd Hamdan Ahmad 1,*, Dilshan Remaz Ossen 2, Gabriel H.T. Ling 1,* , Samsiah Abdullah 1, Eeydzah Aminudin 3, Wai Loan Liew 4 and Weng Howe Chan 5 1 Faculty of Built Environment and Surveying, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor 81300, Malaysia; [email protected] (P.C.L.); [email protected] (S.A.) 2 Department of Architecture Engineering, Kingdom University, Riffa 40434, Bahrain; [email protected] 3 School of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor 81300, Malaysia; [email protected] 4 School of Professional and Continuing Education, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor 81300, Malaysia; [email protected] 5 School of Computing, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor 81300, Malaysia; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] (M.H.A.); [email protected] (G.H.T.L.); Tel.: +60-19-731-5756 (M.H.A.); +60-14-619-9363 (G.H.T.L.) Received: 3 September 2019; Accepted: 24 September 2019; Published: 16 October 2019 Abstract: In Malaysia, terraced housing hardly provides thermal comfort to the occupants. More often than not, mechanical cooling, which is an energy consuming component, contributes to outdoor heat dissipation that leads to an urban heat island effect. Alternatively, encouraging natural ventilation can eliminate heat from the indoor environment. Unfortunately, with static outdoor air conditioning and lack of windows in terraced houses, the conventional ventilation technique does not work well, even for houses with an air well. Hence, this research investigated ways to maximize natural ventilation in terraced housing by exploring the air well configurations. -
Don't Let Dollars Disappear up Your Chimney!
ENERGY SAVINGTIPS DON’T LET DOLLARS DISAPPEAR UP YOUR CHIMNEY! You wouldn’t leave a window wide open in cold weather. Having a fireplace with an open flue damper is the same as having a window open. That sends precious winter heat and money right up the chimney! Here’s how you can heat your home, and not the neighborhood! KEEP THE FIREPLACE DAMPER CLOSED WHEN THE FIREPLACE IS NOT BEING USED The damper is a flap inside the chimney or flue. It has an open and a closed position. When a fire is burning, the damper should be in the open position to allow smoke to escape up the fireplace flue and out the chimney. When you’re not using the fireplace, the damper should be closed. If you can’t see the handle or chain that opens and closes the damper, use a flashlight and look up inside the chimney flue. The handle could be a lever that moves side to side or back and forth. If a chain operates the damper, you may have to pull both sides to determine which one closes or opens the damper. KEEP YOUR HEAT IN YOUR HOME! Even the most energy efficient homes can fall victim to fireplace air leaks. Your fireplace may be reserved for a handful of special occasions or especially cold nights. When it’s not in use, though, your home loses heat – and costs you money – without you knowing it. Using the heat from your fireplace on a cold winter night may be cozy, but that fire is a very inefficient way to warm up the room. -
Recommended Practices for Masonry Fireplace and Chimney Construction
BALANCING THE VENTILATION TIPS OF SAFE FIREPLACE REFERENCES In order for a fireplace, which utilizes OPERATIONS Published by the New York State Concrete Masonry Association natural draft to function properly, New York State Fire Prevention A fireplace fire, properly laid and fed and Building Code a supply of makeup air must be is easy to tend to and trouble free. Here available to replace the air exhausted is a good method for building a fire. National Fire Protection up the chimney. In older homes there Be sure the damper is open before Association, Quincy, MA is often enough leakage around doors lighting the fire! and windows to provide this air. In International Code Council Use a small amount of paper and newer, tighter homes another source International Building Code of air may need to be provided. Before a moderate number of kindling wood lighting the fire, use incense or a candle pieces to lay down the base. Place International Residential Code to determine if there is an updraft or a three small split logs directly on top. Country Club Hills, Illinois Space the logs to allow air to flow down draft in the chimney. If there is USA - Clay Flue Lining Institute no updraft try cracking open a window freely. National Concrete Masonry or door to provide a source of air to the Use wadded paper wand to light the RECOMMENDED PRACTICES FOR MASONRY room. If any problem persists you may fire. Hold the burning wand at damper Association, Herndon, VA FIREPLACE AND CHIMNEY CONSTRUCTION need to locate other sources of air level to start the draft, then lower it to Brick Industry Association of entering or being exhausted from the the paper/kindling stack. -
Fireplaces & Chimneys
Fireplaces & Chimneys Fireplaces, Accessories & Venting Solutions ® We Make Fire Better. Custom Luxury Fireplaces Extracted from Iceland’s Mt. Hekla volcano, Isokern brand products have been made from the cleanest, purest pumice for over 80 years. Our masonry components cradle the raw power of fire in the safest, most energy-efficient material on earth. Totally customizable, Isokern allows architects and their clients to pursue their most inspired designs, while connecting with the natural beauty of fire. A Name Built on reliability for years. Since 1989, we have proudly provided exceptional products combined with unmatched customer service from our 8 solution centers and dedicated network of over 400 dealers. >> ICELAND Contents. Did You The Standard ..............................................1 know? Specifications........................................................page 2 Our pumice ships directly from The Magnum ....................................................3 the Mount Hekla Volcano in Iceland to our state-of-the-art Specifications.........................................................page 5 automated manufacturing The Magnum+ ..................................................7 facility in Chesapeake, Virginia. Specifications.........................................................page 9 The Maximus ............................................11 “ Specifications.......................................................page 12 The Bvetto ................................................13 Specifications.......................................................page -
The Chimney-Graft Technique for Preserving Supra-Aortic Branches: a Review
Perspective The chimney-graft technique for preserving supra-aortic branches: a review Konstantinos G. Moulakakis1,2, Spyridon N. Mylonas1,2,3, Ilias Dalainas1, George S. Sfyroeras1, Fotis Markatis1, Thomas Kotsis3, John Kakisis1, Christos D. Liapis1 1Department of Vascular Surgery, Athens University Medical School, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece; 2The Systematic Review Unit, The Collaborative Research (CORE) Group, Sydney, Australia; 3Vascular Unit, 2nd Clinic of Surgery, Aretaieion Hospital, Medical School, University of Athens, Athens, Greece Corresponding to: Konstantinos G. Moulakakis, MD, Ph.D, MSc, FEBVS. Athens University Medical School, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece, Rimini 1 Str, Haidari, Athens, 12462 Greece. Email: [email protected]. Evolution in the endovascular era has influenced the management of aortic arch pathologies. “Chimney” or “snorkel” graft technique has been used as an alternative in high risk patients unfit for open repair. We reviewed the published literature on the chimney graft technique for preservation of the supra-aortic branches in order to provide an extensive insight of its feasibility and efficacy and investigate its outcomes. 18 reports were identified, with a total of 124 patients and 136 chimney. Primary technical success was achieved in 123/124 patients (99.2%). The perioperative mortality rate was 4.8% and the stroke rate was 4%, while events of spinal cord ischemia were rare. The overall endoleak rate was 18.5%; 13 patients (10.5%) developed a type I endoleak and 10 (8%) patients a type II endoleak. During a median follow-up period of 11.4 months (range, 0.87-20.1 months) all implanted chimney grafts remained patent. -
Types of Foundations
Lecture Note COSC 421 1 (M.E. Haque) TYPES OF FOUNDATIONS Foundation Systems Shallow Foundation Deep Foundation Pile Foundation Pier (Caisson) Foundation Isolated spread Wall footings Combined Cantilever or footings footings strap footings Raft or Mat foundation Lecture Note COSC 421 2 (M.E. Haque) Shallow Foundations – are usually located no more than 6 ft below the lowest finished floor. A shallow foundation system generally used when (1) the soil close the ground surface has sufficient bearing capacity, and (2) underlying weaker strata do not result in undue settlement. The shallow foundations are commonly used most economical foundation systems. Footings are structural elements, which transfer loads to the soil from columns, walls or lateral loads from earth retaining structures. In order to transfer these loads properly to the soil, footings must be design to • Prevent excessive settlement • Minimize differential settlement, and • Provide adequate safety against overturning and sliding. Types of Footings Column Footing Isolated spread footings under individual columns. These can be square, rectangular, or circular. Lecture Note COSC 421 3 (M.E. Haque) Wall Footing Wall footing is a continuous slab strip along the length of wall. Lecture Note COSC 421 4 (M.E. Haque) Columns Footing Combined Footing Property line Combined footings support two or more columns. These can be rectangular or trapezoidal plan. Lecture Note COSC 421 5 (M.E. Haque) Property line Cantilever or strap footings: These are similar to combined footings, except that the footings under columns are built independently, and are joined by strap beam. Lecture Note COSC 421 6 (M.E. Haque) Columns Footing Mat or Raft Raft or Mat foundation: This is a large continuous footing supporting all the columns of the structure. -
SOHO Design in the Near Future
Rochester Institute of Technology RIT Scholar Works Theses 12-2005 SOHO design in the near future SooJung Lee Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.rit.edu/theses Recommended Citation Lee, SooJung, "SOHO design in the near future" (2005). Thesis. Rochester Institute of Technology. Accessed from This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by RIT Scholar Works. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses by an authorized administrator of RIT Scholar Works. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Rochester Institute of Technology A thesis Submitted to the Faculty of The College of Imaging Arts and Sciences In Candidacy for the Degree of Master of Fine Arts SOHO Design in the near future By SooJung Lee Dec. 2005 Approvals Chief Advisor: David Morgan David Morgan Date Associate Advisor: Nancy Chwiecko Nancy Chwiecko Date S z/ -tJ.b Associate Advisor: Stan Rickel Stan Rickel School Chairperson: Patti Lachance Patti Lachance Date 3 -..,2,2' Ob I, SooJung Lee, hereby grant permission to the Wallace Memorial Library of RIT to reproduce my thesis in whole or in part. Any reproduction will not be for commercial use or profit. Signature SooJung Lee Date __3....:....V_6-'-/_o_6 ____ _ Special thanks to Prof. David Morgan, Prof. Stan Rickel and Prof. Nancy Chwiecko - my amazing professors who always trust and encourage me sincerity but sometimes make me confused or surprised for leading me into better way for three years. Prof. Chan hong Min and Prof. Kwanbae Kim - who introduced me about the attractive