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Konk.Forhold.På Betalingskort-2

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Konk.Forhold.På Betalingskort-2 Konkurrenceforholdene på betalingskortmarkedet 2008 Konkurrencestyrelsen Januar 2008 2 1. SAMMENFATNING ..................................................................................4 1.1 Udviklingen i brugen af betalingskort i Danmark.....................................................................4 1.2 Gebyrer på betalingskort i Danmark..........................................................................................5 1.2.1 Gebyret for internetbetalinger sættes ned ...............................................................................6 1.2.2 Det maksimale gebyr for brug af udenlandsk udstedte internationale kort sættes ned ...........6 1.2.3 Gebyret for brug af dansk udstedte internationale debetkort sættes ned.................................7 1.3 Sikkerheden ved brug af betalingskort i Danmark ...................................................................7 1.4 Betydningen af ny EU-regulering på kortmarkederne .............................................................8 1.5. Den teknologiske udvikling på kortmarkederne.......................................................................8 1.6 Omfanget af co-branding...........................................................................................................10 2. UDVIKLINGEN I BRUGEN AF BETALINGSKORT ...............................10 2.1 Udviklingen i antallet af forretninger, der modtager betalingskort.......................................11 2.2 Udviklingen i antallet af dansk udstedte betalingskort ...........................................................13 2.3 Udviklingen i antallet af transaktioner for Dankort ...............................................................14 2.4 Udviklingen i omsætningen for Dankort og Visa/Dankort .....................................................15 2.5 Udviklingen i antallet af transaktioner for dansk udstedte internationale betalingskort ....17 2.6 Udviklingen i omsætningen for dansk udstedte internationale kort og Visa/Dankort .........18 3. GEBYRER PÅ BETALINGSKORT I DANMARK ...................................19 3.1 Konkurrencestyrelsens undersøgelser af gebyrerne på det danske betalingskortmarked...20 3.2 Gebyrudviklingen i Danmark....................................................................................................22 3.3 Gebyrerne for Dankort i den fysiske handel ............................................................................22 3.3.1 Abonnementsordningen ........................................................................................................23 3.3.2 Beregning af abonnementssatserne.......................................................................................23 3.3.3 Forretningernes gebyrer over for brugerne ...........................................................................24 3.4 Gebyrerne for brug af Dankort på internettet.........................................................................25 3.5 Gebyrer for brug af internationale betalingskort....................................................................25 3.6 PBS A/S nedsætter en række gebyrer for brugen af betalingskort........................................26 3.7 EU-kommissionens afgørelse i sagen vedrørende MasterCards multilaterale interbankgebyr .................................................................................................................................27 3.7.1 Sagens baggrund...................................................................................................................28 3.7.2 MasterCards multilaterale interbankgebyrer.........................................................................28 3.7.3 Kommissionens afgørelse.....................................................................................................29 3.7.4 Afgørelsens betydning for det danske betalingskortmarked .................................................30 3 4. SIKKERHEDEN VED BRUG AF BETALINGSKORT I DANMARK .......31 4.1 Brugen af chip i den fysiske handel...........................................................................................31 4.2 Misbrug af Dankort....................................................................................................................33 5. BETYDNINGEN AF NY EU-REGULERING PÅ KORTMARKEDERNE 36 5.1 Baggrund.....................................................................................................................................37 5.2 Direktivets indhold .....................................................................................................................38 5.2.1 Anvendelsesområdet.............................................................................................................39 5.2.2 Betalingstjenester..................................................................................................................40 5.2.3 Betalingsinstitutter................................................................................................................41 5.2.4 Oplysningskrav .....................................................................................................................42 5.2.5 De generelle aftalevilkår, herunder rettigheder og forpligtelser ...........................................43 5.3 Gennemførelse af direktivet i Danmark ...................................................................................48 6. DEN TEKNOLOGISKE UDVIKLING PÅ KORTMARKEDERNE ...........49 6.1. Forbrugernes interesser ............................................................................................................50 6.2 Forbrugernes betalingsvillighed................................................................................................52 6.3 Bud på den teknologiske udvikling ...........................................................................................53 6.3.1 Udviklingen inden for chipteknologi og PIN........................................................................53 6.3.2 Kontaktløse kort....................................................................................................................54 6.3.3 Kontaktløse terminaler i betjente miljøer..............................................................................54 6.3.4 Customer Activated Terminals (CAT)..................................................................................55 6.3.5 Mobiltelefoner ......................................................................................................................56 7. UDVIKLINGEN I CO-BRANDING (DVS. KORT MED FLERE TYPER BETALINGSFUNKTIONER).......................................................................56 7.1 Co-branding/co-badging ............................................................................................................57 7.2 Co-branding i Danmark.............................................................................................................58 7.3 Regler og praksis for co-branding i medlemslandene .............................................................59 ORDLISTE..................................................................................................61 4 1. Sammenfatning Økonomi- og erhvervsministeren skal i henhold til betalingsmiddelloven hvert an- det år afgive en rapport til Folketinget om forholdene på betalingskortmarkedet. Den forrige rapport blev afgivet primo 2006, og Konkurrencestyrelsen har derfor som sekretariat for økonomi- og erhvervsministeren undersøgt forholdene på beta- lingskortmarkedet. Konkurrencestyrelsen har undersøgt: • Udviklingen på de danske kortmarkeder, herunder o Udviklingen i brugen af betalingskort o Gebyrer på betalingskort • Sikkerheden ved brug af betalingskort i Danmark, herunder o Omfanget af misbrug i Danmark • Betydningen af ny EU-regulering på kortmarkederne • Den teknologiske udvikling på kortmarkederne • Omfanget af såkaldt co-branding, hvor et betalingskort har forskellige egen- skaber afhængig af anvendelsen Sammenfattende tegner rapporten et billede af det danske marked for betalingskort, hvor betalingskort bliver stadig mere anvendt, hvor gebyrerne er rimelige, hvor sik- kerheden er høj, og hvor nye teknologier tages i anvendelse. PBS A/S har over for økonomi- og erhvervsministeren tilkendegivet, at selskabet i foråret 2008 vil nedsætte betalingen for en række betalingstransaktioner med beta- lingskort på det danske marked. 1.1 Udviklingen i brugen af betalingskort i Danmark Danskerne bruger deres betalingskort meget og i stadigt stigende omfang. Kortene bliver også mere udbredt. I 2007 var der udstedt knap 3,9 mio. Dankort eller Vi- sa/Dankort. Dermed har en meget høj andel af de 4,2 mio. voksne danskere et Dan- kort. Danskerne er i stigende omfang ved at få flere betalingskort. Konkurrencesty- relsen skønner således, at der alt i alt er udstedt op mod 2 mio. internationale beta- lingskort. I alt bruger danskerne betalingskort 827 mio. gange om året. Heraf tegner Dankortet sig for den helt overvejende del af transaktionerne, jf. tabel 1.1. Det skønnes, at over 95 pct. af betalingstransaktionerne i Danmark 2007 vil være gennemført med Dankort. 5 Tabel 1.1 Danskernes betalingskorttransaktioner Mio. 2004 2005 2006 2007 1 I Danmark Dankort 586 586 676 737 Internationale kort 10-15 15-20 22-27 30 I udlandet Visa/Dankort 16 20 25 30 Internationale kort 12 – 17 15-20 20-25 30 I alt 602-612 636-646 743-753 827 Kilde: Afsnit 6 (PBS A/S, SEB) og Konkurrencestyrelsens egne beregninger 1) Transaktionsantallet for de internationale betalingskort og for Visa/Dankort i udlandet er
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