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Grand Teton National Park 2002-2005 Vegetation Mapping Project Final Report

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Grand Teton National Park 2002-2005 Vegetation Mapping Project Final Report Technical Memorandum 8260-06-02 Grand Teton National Park 2002-2005 Vegetation Mapping Project Final Report NPS-USGS Vegetation Mapping Program Prepared for: Prepared for: U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Reclamation Technical Service Center Environmental Services Division Remote Sensing and GIS Group Denver, Colorado December 31, 2005 USGS-NPS Vegetation Mapping Program Grand Teton National Park This report was prepared for the U.S. National Park Service and the U.S. Geological Survey’s Center for Biological Informatics by the Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Group of the Bureau of Reclamation’s Technical Service Center, Denver, Colorado in cooperation with Grand Teton National Park and NatureServe. Technical Memorandum No. 8260-06-02 U.S. Department of the Interior Mission Statement The mission of the Department of the Interior is to protect and provide access to our Nation’s natural and cultural heritage and honor our trust responsibilities to tribes. Mission of U. S. Bureau of Reclamation The mission of the Bureau of Reclamation is to manage, develop, and protect water and related resources in an environmentally and economically sound manner in the interest of the American public. The Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Group, organized in 1975, provides assistance and advice regarding the application of remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS) technologies to meet the spatial information needs of the Bureau of Reclamation and other governmental clients. 2 USGS-NPS Vegetation Mapping Program Grand Teton National Park USGS-NPS VEGETATION MAPPING PROGRAM Grand Teton National Park and John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Memorial Parkway Final Project Report 2002-2005 Vegetation Mapping Project Bureau of Reclamation Technical Memorandum 8260-06-02 Principal Authors: Dan Cogan Cogan Technology Inc. Lakewood, Colorado Klara Varga Botanist, Science and Resource Management National Park Service Grand Teton National Park Gwen Kittel Vegetation Ecologist, NatureServe Western Regional Office Contributing Authors: Kelly McCloskey Science and Resource Management Jennifer Gremer Grand Teton National Park Formerly with Remote Sensing and GIS Group National Park Service Bureau of Reclamation Diane Abendroth Cory Bolen Fire Management Remote Sensing and GIS Group Grand Teton National Park Bureau of Reclamation National Park Service Prepared by: Prepared for: In Conjunction with: Bureau of Reclamation U.S. Geological Survey National Park Service Technical Service Center Center for Biological Informatics NPS-WASO Natural Resource Remote Sensing and GIS Group Biological Resources Division Information Division I&M Program Denver, Colorado Denver, Colorado Denver, Colorado 3 USGS-NPS Vegetation Mapping Program Grand Teton National Park FINAL MAP OVERVIEW JODR Boundary Project Boundary GRTE Boundary 4 USGS-NPS Vegetation Mapping Program Grand Teton National Park CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES.................................................................................. 7 LIST OF CONTACTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ............................................................... 8 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ........................................................... 12 LINKS ...........................................................................................................................12 PROJECT STATISTICS ............................................................................................... 14 1. INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................... 15 1.1 BACKGROUND...................................................................................................................................... 15 USGS-NPS Park Vegetation Mapping Program ....................................................................................15 GRTE Vegetation Mapping Project ................................................................................................................15 1.2 SCOPE OF WORK ................................................................................................................................. 16 1.3 GRAND TETON NATIONAL PARK ........................................................................................................... 16 Geology............................................................................................................................................................19 Topography......................................................................................................................................................19 Climate .............................................................................................................................................................21 Hydrology.........................................................................................................................................................21 Vegetation........................................................................................................................................................22 Exotic Plants....................................................................................................................................................24 Wildlife..............................................................................................................................................................24 2. METHODS ................................................................................................................ 25 2.1 PLANNING, DATA GATHERING AND COORDINATION ............................................................................... 25 GRTE-NPS Responsibilities ...........................................................................................................................25 WYNDD Responsibilities (2002) .....................................................................................................................25 NatureServe Responsibilities.........................................................................................................................25 BOR Responsibilities......................................................................................................................................26 2.2 FIELD SURVEY ..................................................................................................................................... 26 Provisional classification of plant associations...........................................................................................26 Sampling Design: Stratified Random Gradsect............................................................................................26 2002 Field Sampling Methods ........................................................................................................................27 2003 Field Sampling Methods ........................................................................................................................29 Fire Specific Data ............................................................................................................................................29 Data Collection: Plot Summary ......................................................................................................................30 2.3 PLOT DATA MANAGEMENT AND CLASSIFICATION ANALYSIS .................................................................. 30 2.4 AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY AND ORTHOPHOTOS ......................................................................................... 32 Mapping Challenges........................................................................................................................................32 Aerial Photography .........................................................................................................................................32 1:12,000 True Color Orthophotos ..................................................................................................................32 2.5 PHOTO-INTERPRETATION AND MAP UNITS ............................................................................................. 34 Photo-interpretation........................................................................................................................................34 Map Units .........................................................................................................................................................35 2.6 DIGITAL TRANSFER .............................................................................................................................. 35 2.7 MAP VERIFICATION AND ACCURACY ASSESSMENT ................................................................................ 36 Map Verification...............................................................................................................................................36 Accuracy Assessment ....................................................................................................................................36 AA Sample Design ..........................................................................................................................................38 AA Site Selection.............................................................................................................................................38 AA Data Collection ..........................................................................................................................................38
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