Grand Teton National Park Youngest Range in the Rockies

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GRAND TETON NATIONAL PARK YOUNGEST RANGE IN THE ROCKIES

the town of Moran. Others recognized that dudes winter better than cows and began operating dude ranches. The JY and the Bar BC were established in 1908 and 1912, respectively. By the 1920s, dude ranching made significant contributions to the valley’s economy. At this time some local residents realized that scenery and wildlife (especially elk) were valuable resources to be conserved rather than exploited. Evolution of a Dream The birth of present-day Grand Teton National Park involved controversy and a struggle that lasted several decades. Animosity toward expanding governmental control and a perceived loss of individual freedoms fueled anti-park sentiments in Jackson Hole that nearly derailed establishment of the park. By contrast, Yellowstone National Park benefited from an expedient and near universal agreement for its creation in 1872. The world's first national park took only two years from idea to reality; however Grand Teton National Park evolved through a burdensome process requiring three separate governmental Mt. Moran. National Park Service Photo. acts and a series of compromises: The original Grand Teton National Park, set Towering more than a mile above the valley of dazzled fur traders. Although evidence is incon- aside by an act of Congress in 1929, included Jackson Hole, the Grand Teton rises to 13,770 clusive, John Colter probably explored the area in only the Teton Range and six glacial lakes at the feet. Twelve Teton peaks reach above 12,000 feet 1808. By the 1820s, mountain men followed base of the mountains. and support a dozen mountain glaciers. The west wildlife and Indian trails through Jackson Hole The Jackson Hole National Monument, side of the range slopes gently, showing the angle and trapped beaver in the icy waters of the valley. decreed by Franklin Delano Roosevelt through of tilt of the Earth’s crust. The Teton Range is the The term “hole” was coined by fur trappers of presidential proclamation in 1943, combined youngest range in the Rockies and displays some the 1820s to describe a high altitude plateau Teton National Forest acreage, other federal prop- of North America’s oldest rocks. ringed by mountains. Thus, Jackson Hole is the erties including Jackson Lake and a generous entire valley, 8 to 15 miles wide and 40 miles 35,000-acre donation by John D. Rockefeller, Jr. The Rockefeller lands continued to be privately HISTORY OF GRAND TETON long. The valley was named for David E. Jackson, a trapper who reputedly spent the winter of 1829 held until December 16, 1949 when impasse for NATIONAL PARK along the shore of Jackson Lake. addition to the national park was resolved. After the decline of the fur trade in the late On September 14, 1950, the original 1929

The Earliest Visitors 1830s, America forgot Jackson Hole until the mil- Park and the 1943 National Monument (includ- Grand Teton National Park Archeological studies established human occupa- itary and civilian surveys of the 1860s and 1870s. ing Rockefeller's donation) were united into a tion of Jackson Hole for at least 11,000 years. Members of the Hayden Survey named many of "New" Grand Teton National Park, creating pres- Knowledge of early people is extremely limited. the area’s features. ent-day boundaries. Data suggests that they used the area from spring An Idea is Born to fall, based on seasonal availability of resources. The First Tourists Prehistoric people crossed the passes into Jackson The region acquired a national reputation for As early as 1897, Colonel S.B.M. Young, act- Hole en route to seasonal hunting grounds in the its splendid hunting and fishing in the 1880s and ing Superintendent of Yellowstone, proposed to region. In historic times, Indian tribes such as the 1890s. Many settlers supplemented their incomes expand Yellowstone's boundaries southward to Shoshoni, Gros Ventre, Flathead and Blackfeet by serving as guides and packers for wealthy encompass portions of northern Jackson Hole knew the Teton country. hunters. A few, such as Ben Sheffield, made it a and protect migrating elk herds. In 1898 Charles full-time occupation. He acquired a ranch at the D. Walcott, head of the U.S. Geological Survey, Days of Mountain Men outlet of Jackson Lake in 1902 to use as a base made a similar proposal, suggesting that the The splendor of the Teton Mountains first for outfitting his expeditions. The ranch became Teton Range be included as well as northern

Grand Teton National Park Jan Feb March April May June July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Average Max. Temperature (F) 26 32 38 48 60 70 80 78 68 56 38 28 Average Min. Temperature (F) 5 8 10 24 31 38 42 41 34 26 16 7 Extreme High (F) 55 60 64 75 85 98 95 96 93 84 65 58 Extreme Low (F) -60 -63 -43 -28 0 18 24 18 7 -20 -36 -52 Days above 90º 000000110000 Days below 32º 31 27 30 26 19 6 2 4 14 26 28 31 Average Total Precipitation (in.) 1.4 0.8 1.1 1.3 1.9 2.2 1.2 1.4 1.3 1.0 1.1 1.2 Maximum Precipitation (in.) 3.8 1.8 3.0 2.8 2.9 4.0 2.2 3.9 3.7 2.6 2.5 4.1 Maximum SnowFall (in.) 42 30 32 24 14 6 6 2 8 18 23 31 Days with measurable precipation 14 12 12 10 10 10 7 8 8 9 10 13 Average No. Thunderstorms 0 0 0 1 5 11 14 12 2 0 0 0 www.ultimatewyoming.com 399 Grand Teton National Park All Wyoming Area Codes are 307 400 Ultimate Wyoming AtlasandTravel Encyclopedia Grand Teton National Park 401 www.ultimatewyoming.com Grand Teton National Park All Wyoming Area Codes are 307 402 Ultimate Wyoming AtlasandTravel Encyclopedia Grand Teton National Park 403 www.ultimatewyoming.com Grand Teton National Park All Wyoming Area Codes are 307 404 Yellowstone's boundariesintotheTeton country. delegation todraftabilladdressing expansion of Albright workedwiththeWyoming congressional urgent Matherand needsfacingtheParkService." to Yellowstone NationalParkis"oneofseven Jackson Lake,andheadwatersofthe SnakeRiver report statedthataddingpart oftheTetons, Secretary oftheInterior, FranklinLane. The ment toward parkexpansionina1917report to assistant, HoraceAlbrightaffirmed theircommit- StephenMatherandhis National ParkService, ation ofaWashington DCoffice. Director ofthe both locallyandatthenationallevelwithcre- of Interior. Thisbureau couldpromote parkideas wascreated withintheDepartment Park Service nor Congress actedoneitheroftheseproposals. Jackson Hole.NeithertheInteriorDepartment In 1916,anewbureau calledtheNational attitude inJacksonHole.Asaresult, hewasprac- anti-park Albright wasunaware ofthepervasive 1919 Yellowstone Superintendent,Horace Hole businessmen,andsomearea ranchers. In regional U.S.Forest personnel,Jackson Service groups opposedparkextension, theseincluded A FledglingParkEmerges extension besonon-controversial." tunity hadbeenlost.Neveragainwouldpark jurisdiction. with expandedparkservice Nugent feared thelossofsheepgrazingpermits died intheSenatewhenIdahoSenatorJohn approved arevised billin1919.However, thebill duced thebillin1918.TheHouseunanimously Congressman FrankMondellofWyoming intro- In additiontoIdahosheepranchers, other As historianRobertRighterstates,"anoppor- Ultimate Wyoming AtlasandTravel Encyclopedia rounded landacquisitions;attemptsbyRockefeller Jackson Holecommunity. Intensehostilitysur- years ofbitterdebate,nearlytearingapart the like asimpleandstraightforward planbecame20 acres forapproximately $1.4million.Whatseemed ambitious campaigntobuymore than 35,000 prices hadtheyknownofhisinvolvement. would haveundoubtedlyinflatedtheirasking keep landpricesaffordable, sincelandowners as apurchasing agenttomaskhisassociationand tion. Hecreated theSnakeRiverLandCompany donating theselandsforNationalParkdesigna- ing privateproperties withtheintentionof opment. Rockefellerdecidedtopurchase offend- sublime valley"from unsightlycommercial devel- and thehopeofprotecting andpreserving "this Rockefeller theessenceofNoblecabinmeeting Albright seizedanopportunitytoexplain south andeastshores. Yellowstone Superintendent toMoranandalongJennyLake's Menor's Ferry by developmentslitteringtheroadway from not onlyspectacularTeton scenery, butalsoshab- 1924 andagainin1926.Thesevisitshighlighted Jackson HolePlanafteravisittoTeton in country Rockefeller's Interest Grows purchase privatelandsinJacksonHole. pursue theirdream ofseekingprivatefundsto participants ofthe1923meetingcontinuedto guard anentire ecosystem,Albrightandtheother peaks. Sincethisfledgling1929parkdidnotsafe- Teton Rangeandsixglaciallakesatthebaseof creating a96,000-acre parkthatincludedthe 1929, President CalvinCoolidgesignedthisbill 26, passed SenatorKendrick'sbill.OnFebruary dedicated totheNationandposterity…"Congress "realized thatsomedaytheywouldbecomeapark Kendrick statedthatonceheviewedtheTetons he establish GrandTeton NationalPark.Senator John KendrickofWyoming tointroduce abillto the Commission'srecommendations ledSenator consensus forparkapproval. Localsupportand Forests metwithresidents ofJacksonandreached Coordinating CommissiononNationalParksand dude-ranching activitiestocontinue."In1928,a they wantedtraditionalhunting,grazing,and dees didnotsupportanationalpark,"because With theexceptionofHoraceAlbright,atten- valley, basicallycreating a"museumonthehoof." would preserve the"OldWest" characterofthe Hole andcreate arecreation area that orreserve vate fundstopurchase privatelandsinJackson devised astrategy. Theirplansoughttofindpri- owner,Jack Eynon;andferry MaudNoble.They Winger; grocery storeowner, JoeJones;rancher, and HoraceCarncross; newspaperman,Dick Albright; BarBCduderanchers,StruthersBurt included Yellowstone Superintendent,Horace Noble's cabinonJuly26,1923.Participants ests merged atanhistoricmeetinginMaud Eventually, inter- localandNationalParkService mercialization andnaturalresource destruction. mightbetheironlysalvationfromService com- some formofprotection bytheNationalPark 1919. Alarmedbusinessmenandranchersfeltthat Lake andEmmaMatildaTwo OceanLakesin and concessionermonopolies. were againstimproved roads, hotelconstruction managed forest areas; andlocalduderanchers ees feared thelossofjurisdictiononpreviously reduce grazingallotments;Forest employ- Service Ranchers worriedthatparkextensionwould Jackson topromote hisparkenlargement vision. tically "runoutoftown"whenhetraveledto The SnakeRiverLandCompanylaunched an John D.Rockefeller, Jr. becameinvolvedinthe Proposals emerged todamoutletsofJenny Grand Teton National Park 405 CIENCE S After World War II ended, the sentiment War After World define Grand of park-making Difficulties the park to its present enlarged Congress National Park of Grand Teton The Creation ATURE AND N Grand Teton Located in northwestern Wyoming, stunning mountain National Park protects scenery and a diverse array of wildlife. Rising over 7,000 feet above the valley known as The Storm Passes 1945 in Jackson Hole. Between began to change to in Congress introduced were and 1947, bills Local but none passed. abolish the monument, an offered that tourism to realize citizens began for Jackson Hole. Eventually, economic future park toward agreeable attitudes became more parties interested By April 1949, enlargement. in the Senate Appropriation had gathered work out a final compro- Committee chambers to and of controversy mise. Though it took decades of a the creation and strife, conflict, discord finally occurred National Park "new" Grand Teton when Harryon September 14, 1950, S. Truman park with the the 1929 signed a bill merging 310,000- an enlarged 1943 monument to form Range, of the Teton park. Preservation acre of Jackson Hole was Jackson Lake, and much of the National Park finally placed in the hands complete ecosystem. Service as a more National Park and emphasize the visionary Teton ideology of Horace Albright, John D. Rockefeller, Legislation for residents. and several pro-park Jr. the new park contained significant compromises: of existing grazing rights and stock 1) protection County for to Teton driveways; 2) reimbursement for the controlled 3) provision lost tax revenues; boundaries; 4) agree- of elk within park reduction proclamation presidential ment that in the future a national monument could not be used to create and 5) allowance for continuation in Wyoming; of certain existing uses and access rights to forest lands and inholder properties. Heritage Preserved size in 1950, "…for the purpose of including in one national park, for public benefit and enjoy- Grand Teton ment, the lands within the present National Park and a portion of the lands within Jackson Hole National Monument." The conservation battle for Jackson Hole coupled with the dedication of John D. Rockefeller, philanthropic to the shapes the character of this valley Jr. the Teton Imagine how different day. present landscape would look if unbridled development of natural over preservation had prevailed In celebrating the Fiftieth resources. National Park, we Anniversary of Grand Teton and honor the dedication, persever- recognize ance and aspirations of visionary men and good for women who believed that the greatest countryside a "public park or was as the Teton for the benefit and enjoyment ground pleasure of the American people." As Crucible for Conservation author Robert Righter suggests, what these visionaries achieved was "perhaps the most notable conservation victory of the twentieth century." was written in January 2000 by Jackie Skaggs, ref- with research, 50th Anniversary Coordinator, A Place and quotations taken from erences, Park Called Jackson Hole by John Daugherty, Crucible For Historian 1980-1991 and from currently Conservation by Robert Righter, of history at Southern professor research Methodist University in Texas. After purchasing 35,000 acres and holding 35,000 acres After purchasing Local backlash immediately followed as park (no poisonous spiders) the land for 15 years, John D. Rockefeller, Jr. the land for 15 years, John D. Rockefeller, became discouraged and impatient with the stale- acceptance of his gift. In an mate surrounding Delano Franklin historic letter to President that if the federal government Roosevelt, he wrote did not want the gift of land or could not "arrange to accept it on the general terms long discussed…it will be my thought to make some to other disposition of it or to sell it in the market persuaded any satisfactory This threat buyers." power to proclaim FDR to use his presidential Hole National as the Jackson 221,000 acres 15, 1943. Robert Righter Monument on March to sell in believes that Rockefeller threatened governmental action. This bold to provoke order a chance to circum- action by Roosevelt provided and the by Congress vent obstacles created delegation. Wyoming opponents criticized the monument for being a blatant violation of states' rights. They also the local believed the monument would destroy a economy and county tax base. Hoping to force armed and defiant ranchers trailed confrontation, monument land. newly created 500 cattle across the drive this stunt but The Park Service ignored focused national attention on the monument. causing vocal and bitter, more grew Controversy to intro- Frank Barrett Congressman Wyoming duce a bill abolishing the Jackson Hole National Monument; it passed both House and Senate. a pocket veto, Roosevelt exercised President responded killing the bill. The state of Wyoming to the veto by filing suit against the National Park Service The suit to overturn the proclamation. failed in the court system but the acrimonious directed local rift continued. The proclamation National Forest the Teton from transfer of acreage to the National Park Service. service Since forest administrators opposed the monument, the tran- several vin- sition between jurisdictions provoked dictive deeds; one vengeful act involved gutting turningthe Jackson Lake Ranger Station before it Local park supporters often over to park staff. faced hostilities and boycotts of their businesses these turbulent years. throughout Creek, Buffalo Fork, and Gros Ventre River. Ventre and Gros Fork, Creek, Buffalo Lakes the Teton lakes at the base of Seven morainal Bradley, Leigh, String, Jenny, Range: Jackson, 25,540 Phelps. Jackson Lake: and Taggart, maximum hectares) depth 438 acres (10,340 backcoun- alpine and m). Over 100 feet (134 try lakes. Wildlife (black and grizzly species of carnivores 17 bears) 6 species of hoofed mammals 3 species of rabbits/hares of rodents species 22 6 species of bats poisonous) 4 species of reptiles (none 5 species of amphibians species of fishes 16 species of birds 300+ numerous invertebrates Flora 7 species of coniferous trees 900+ species of flowering plants : feet (4198 m). feet (4198 ,770 ACTS ABOUT THE PARK F Because allegations were made that the Snake Because allegations were Teton Range Teton 40 miles mountain front, An active fault-block km). wide (11-14.5 miles 7-9 long (65 km), Highest peak elevation 13 Grand Teton, Twelve peaks over 12,000 ft (3658 m) in ele- m) in ft (3658 peaks over 12,000 Twelve vation. Jackson Hole (89 km), 13 miles long 55 Mountain valley, average elevation 6,800 km), miles wide (21 at south park m). Lowest elevation feet (2073 m). feet (1936 6350 boundary, Climate Semi-arid mountain climate. Extreme high: 93 degrees degrees F (34 C). Extreme low: -46 degrees F (-43 degrees C). inches (490 cm). snowfall:Average 191 cm). inches (26 rainfall: 10 Avg. Snake River Headwaters of the Columbia River system, miles lie miles long. Approximately 50 1056 Pacific Major tributaries: NP. within Grand Teton www.ultimatewyoming.com to gift these properties to the National Park Service to gift these properties by suffered Economic hardships met resistance. ranchers during the 1920s helped ease some land actually relieved acquisitions. Many ranchers were to sell and get out of business during a time of eco- a ranchers circulated In 1925, nomic difficulty. petition in support of the private buyout counter- ing anti-park opinions in Jackson Hole. Ninety- seven ranchers endorsed the petition's statement, will find its highest use as a play- "that this region destiny of Jackson's Hole is as a ground…The typical of the west, for the education playground, and enjoyment of the Nation, as a whole." Perhaps as a tacit admission credibility this quote has more that ranching in northern Jackson Hole was difficult, if not impossible, than it has as a genuine by the ranchers. altruistic gesture in Discord A Valley River Land Company used illegal tactics during a Senate of properties, the purchase Subcommittee convened hearings in 1933 to investigate. When the hearings concluded, it was clear that claims about unfair business dealings by the Snake River Land Company and the and both groundless National Park Service were Senator exonerated. In 1934, Wyoming were a bill in the Senate once introduced Robert Carey again to expand park boundaries. One compro- to mise of this bill dealt with reimbursement This bill and County for lost tax revenues. Teton another drafted in 1935 failed. The tax issue and objections to including Jackson Lake because of degradation fueled anti-park dam and reservoir During 1937 and 1938, the sentiments anew. a document out- National Park Service prepared lining the history of park extension and defend- ing the importance of park status upon tourism. and the expan- Again, anti-park sentiments flared of A group politically hotter. sion issue grew locals calling themselves the Jackson Hole Committee vehemently opposed the park plan delegation and and encouraged the Wyoming to do so as well. The park dream Congress as controversy bruised and battered remained continued into the 1940s. over enlargement Grand Teton National Park All Wyoming Area Codes are 307 406 miles perday. Wolves mayliveuptofifteen although travelsaremoreoftenten ortwenty known totraveloverahundredmiles inaday, milesperhourandhavebeen excess ofthirty color. Wolves havebeenclockedatspeedsin wolfmaybewhite,silver/gray, orblackin gray to 175 pounds.Despiteitscommonnamethe from60 largest wildcanidinexistence,ranging Wolf Biology wolverines, fishers,mountainlions,andlynx. magpies, goldenandbaldeagles,crows,bears, left forscavengers,includingcoyotes,ravens, They areeithercachedforlaterconsumptionor convenient, thecarcassesdonotgotowaste. populations. which preventsdecimationofpreyspecies are naturallyregulatedbypreyavailability, bighorn sheep,andbeavers.Wolf populations occasionally takemoose,bison,pronghorn, wolves usuallypreyonelk,althoughtheywill fastest, strongest,andhealthiest. mals bestsuitedtotheirenvironment—the survivorshipofthoseani- selection, encouraging manner, agentsofnatural wolvesareimportant culling theherdsoftheirpreyspeciesinthis ing onyoung,old,weak,andsickanimals.By are highlyefficientandselectivepredators,prey- Parks andsurroundingNationalForests. Wolves passes Yellowstone andGrandTeton National Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem,whichencom- Ecology National Park in1995 and 1996. and releasedincentralIdahoYellowstone totheU.S. tured inCanadaweretransported wolves incentralIdahoandYellowstone. Montanawhilereintroducing northwestern allowing wolfpopulationstorecovernaturallyin Idaho, andYellowstone. suggested Biologists Montana,central northwestern Mountain region: Rocky wolf recoveryareasintheNorthern Service recommendedestablishingthreecore killed inthe1940s. last knownwildwolfintheYellowstone areawas the brinkofextinctioninUnitedStates.The wolfto hadpushedthegray control programs, unregulated harvest,andorganizedpredator human activities,includingextensivesettlement, Americafromcoasttocoast.By1930,North roamed thetundra,forests,andhighplainsof UnitedStates,wolvesonce the northern to Canada,Alaska,andafewisolatedareasin ecosystem. ofthis part sents therestorationofanimportant the valleyofJacksonHole.Their returnrepre- river bottomsofGrandTeton NationalPark and pass thesagebrushflats,forestedhillsides,and began expandingtheirrangesouthtoencom- being reintroducedtoYellowstone, wolves the firsttimeinoverfiftyyears.Two yearsafter could beheardinGrandTeton NationalPark for In Octoberof1998, the howlingofwolves The gray ortimberwolf,The gray Canislupus,isthe Although wolvesdomakesurpluskillswhen In theGreaterYellowstone Ecosystem, wolfisacriticalplayerinthe The gray In accordancewiththisplan,wolvescap- In 1987, theUnitedStatesFishandWildlife Although theirpresentdistributionislimited W OLVESINTHE T ETONS cant part ofitsrange"andathreatenedspecies cant part danger ofextinctionthroughoutall orasignifi- ESA definesanendangeredspecies asone"in Minnesota, whereitislistedasthreatened. The throughout thecontiguousUnitedStates except wolfislistedasendangered ESA, thegray in thehistoryofwildlifepreservation. Underthe Endangered SpeciesAct(ESA),apivotalevent Recovery and Alaska. Sizeable wolfpopulationsremainedinCanada Montana. remote areasofnorthwestern from thecontiguousU.S.,exceptMinnesotaand 1940s. By1930, absent wolveswerevirtually known wolfintheYellowstone areainthe western U.S. trapped, shot,andpoisonedeachyearinthe through 1930, thousandsofwolveswere wolf inthewest.From approximately1850 todestroythe sanctioned, bounty-drivenefforts tic livestock.These beliefsfueledgovernment- wolves posedanunacceptablethreattodomes- cially bison,ledmanypeopletobelievethat ment andunregulatedharvest. reducedduetohumandevelop- were greatly sion, populationsofpredatorandpreyspecies teenth century. With settlers'westwardexpan- eastern UnitedStatesbytheendofeigh- Wolves wereeffectivelyeliminatedfromthe ty onwolvesinwhatisnowtheUnitedStates. Colony ofMassachusettsenactedthefirstboun- byhumans.In1630,sive eradicationefforts the Eradication History their pack. usually travelingandhuntingwiththerestof as arendezvous site.ByOctober, pupsare are movedtoanoutdoornurseryreferred reach approximatelytwomonthsofage,they bers bringfoodbacktotheden.When pups while thealphamaleandotherpackmem- usually remainsatthedensitewithpups, period ofabout63days.The alphafemale inlateApril,afteragestation birth and give Ecosystem, wolvesgenerallybreedinFebruary their densites.IntheGreaterYellowstone indefendingcoreterritoriesaround aggressive spring denningseason,wolvesareespecially several hundredsquaremiles.Duringthe five totenmembers. of preyspeciesavailable.Wolf packsaverage in turndependsonthesize,type,anddensity mately determinedbyhuntingefficiency, which associations inordertobreed.Pack sizeisulti- perse fromtheirpacksandformnew dinate wolvesofreproductiveagemustdis- other packmembers). behaviorfrom erally recipientsofaggressive pups, andoccasionalomegas(outcasts,gen- rank, malesand/orfemales),subordinates, by ahierarchyconsistingofbetas(second prised ofanalphamaleandfemale,followed the packisbasedonabreedingpaircom- ing primarilyinpacks.The socialstructureof years inthewild. 1973 ma 1973 Government huntersdestroyedthelast The declineinwildpreypopulations,espe- Wolves havelongbeenthetargetofaggres- Wolf packsdefendhomerangesofupto Because onlythealphapairbreeds,subor- Wolves arehighlysocialanimals,function- rked thepassingoffederal Ultimate pets berestrainedonaleashatall times. open tomotorizedvehicles,and require that National Park regulationsrestrictpets toareas areas inhabitedbywolves.Grand Teton attacks onpetshavebeensimilarly lowinother area sincethereintroduction,and rates ofwolf pets beingkilledbywolvesinthe Yellowstone injuring ahumanintheWestern Hemisphere. case ofahealthy, wildwolfkillingorseriously Mech, therehasneverbeenadocumented However, L.David accordingtowolfexpert wild animalswillattackpeopleifprovoked. ing theanimalsorendangeringyourself. Many distance fromwolvesinordertoavoiddisturb- Your Park Visit Montana. tral Idaho,andseveninnorthwestern pairs/packs intheYellowstone area,tenincen- track. In1998, therewereninebreeding ison andit seemsthattherestorationprogram would beachievedbytheyear2002 or2003, RockyMountainregion goals forthenorthern bears andmountainlions. rently manageotherlargepredators,suchas similar tothatinwhichindividualstatescur- allow forwolvestobemanagedinamanner These stateplanscould approved bytheFWS. area mustestablishwolfmanagementplans tion, theindividualstateswithinrecovery prerequisite fordelistingfromfederalprotec- Montana) forthreeconsecutiveyears.Asa (Yellowstone, centralIdaho,andnorthwestern RockyMountainpopulationareas northern pairs, about100 wolves,ineachofthree requires theestablishmentoftenbreeding wolffromtheendangeredspecieslist gray RockyMountains Wolf intheNorthern Delisting/Reclassification oftheGray gered species. normally allowedforpopulationsofendan- thesepopulationsthanis ibility inmanaging Species Act.This designationallowsmoreflex- as "experimental"accordingtotheEndangered are reintroducedpopulations,theydefined the centralIdahoandYellowstone areawolves Idaho andYellowstone NationalPark. Because totheU.S.andreleasedincentral transported Montana. recovery innorthwestern and Yellowstone, naturalwolf whileencouraging mended reintroducingwolvesintocentralIdaho Therefore, theFishandWildlife Servicerecom- recolonization oftheseareasinthenearfuture. mined thatitwasimpracticaltoexpectnatural deter- from existingwolfpopulations,biologists central IdahoandYellowstone wereisolated Montana.However,onize northwestern because that wolvesfromCanadawouldnaturallyrecol- Yellowstone, respectively. predicted Biologists Montana,centralIdaho,and northwestern wolfpopulations,in establishing threegray Rockies,whichrecommended in theNorthern wolf publishedarecoveryplanforthegray FWS recovery plansforalllistedspecies.In1987, the tocreate U.S. FishandWildlife Service(FWS) foreseeable future. as one"likelytobecomeendangered"inthe Wyoming AtlasandTravel Encyclopedia There havebeenfivedocumentedcasesof tokeepyour As withallwildlife,itissmart Wildlife managerspredictedthatrecovery The minimumcriteriaforremovalofthe In 1995, wolvescaptured inCanadawere The EndangeredSpeciesActrequiresthe Grand Teton National Park 407 While most visitors don’t come to Grand While most visitors don’t Forget-me-nots, the official park flower. National park flower. the official Forget-me-nots, Park Service Photo. Amphibians National Park seeking amphibians, they are Teton some of the most unique and important species amphibian comes found in the park. The word “double life”, and meaning words the Greek from life cycle. An to their unusual two-stage refers Animals in Grand wildlife is never far away It seems that a Park. High in the mountains, National Teton marmot whistles a warningyellow bellied as a for insect lar- soars above. Searching golden eagle pine lodgepole bear rips into a rotten vae, a black as a of bison graze a herd valley floor, log. On the sagebrush, looking for a among the coyote trots dives into an osprey meal. Along the Snake River, rising with a cut- the water with talons extended, moose brows- a meadow, In a nearby trout. throat in this that grow es the tender buds of willows environment. water-rich in to and shape the environment Animals relate also connected one which they survive; they are are Some of these relationships with another. much less so. These obvious, while others are park bound- and connections cross relationships acres 310,000 National Park’s aries. Grand Teton Area. Yellowstone lie at the heart of the Greater encompasses over Area Yellowstone The Greater the one of and is considered eleven million acres temperate ecosys- nearly intact, few remaining, tems on earth. The animals that inhabit Grand for National Park depend on this vast area Teton in and migrating to different survival, residing depending on the season. areas The elevation of the park ranges from 6,400 of the park ranges from The elevation make the and bitterly cold winters Long, snowy, www.ultimatewyoming.com Jackson Hole, the Teton Range dominates the Range dominates Teton Hole, the Jackson to continue Natural processes skyline. park’s and against this impressive shape the ecosystem backdrop. recognizable floor to valley feet on the sagebrush-dominated summit of on the windswept granite 13,770 feet the summit and plain, Between the Grand Teton. carpet the mountainsides. During summer, forests in vivid colors. wildflowers paint meadows and Crystalline alpine lakes fill glacial cirques, canyons to cascade down rocky noisy streams the range. These lakes, lakes at the foot of larger the moun- mirror impounded by glacial debris, north to south, the tains on calm days. Running down the valley and Snake River winds its way this amazing scene. across The coldest climate of Jackson Hole unforgiving. National Teton in Grand ever recorded temperature the land- and snow often blankets Park was –63°F, early November to late April. Brief, rela- scape from the from a respite tively warm summers provide and rebirth. rigors of winter and a time of renewal In cooperation or competition, the plants and animals adapt to this harsh climate and dramatic elevation change as each finds ways to survive. Grand Teton National Park All Wyoming Area Codes are 307 408 • Goodbirdingareasoftenattractother wildlife. and wetweather. succumb topredationorexposure to heat,cold close tothenest.Unattendednestlings readily circles youorscreamsinalarm, you aretoo If anadultonanestfliesoffatyour approachor • Nestingbirdsofallspeciesareeasilydisturbed. Bird-Watching Etiquette search forinsectsinfast-movingstreams. in adjacentwetmeadows.Americandippers nestandforage blers andcommonyellowthroats Lincoln sparrows,yellowandMacGillivray’swar- for fish.Commonsnipe,white-crownedand nestandospreybaldeagleshunt waterfowl provide habitatswhereCanadageeseandother Aquatic andRiparian rows andwaterpipits. nutcrackers, rosyfinches,white-crownedspar- tions forwinter. Watch for goldeneagles,Clark’s southortolowereleva- above treelinemigrate forms.Birdsthatnest vegetation tolow-growing Alpine Brewer’s sparrowsandsagethrashers. vespersparrows, flourish. Lookforsagegrouse, somespecies existing wheresagebrushgrows, Jackson Hole.Despitethehotdryconditions Sagebrush Flats old woodpeckercavities. swallowsnestin tree swallowsandviolet-green wrens, mountainandblack-cappedchickadees, numerous woodpeckers.Sawwhetowls,house and parkwayhaverottingtrunksthatattract hillsides. Manyoftheaspenstandsinpark Aspens such asColterBay). in developedareaswithinlodgepoleforests ping sparrowsanddark-eyedjuncos(especially mountain chickadees,white-crownedandchip- yellow-rumped warblers,ruby-crownedkinglets, the mountains.Expectolivesidedflycatchers, ering muchofthevalleyandlowerslopes Lodgepole PineForests or accidentalonthebirdchecklist. anysightingsofbirdslistedasrare Please report books availableatanyofourvistorcenters. the parkmapandvariousbirdidentification tions tolookforbirds.Useitinconjunctionwith of theparkandparkwayaswellspecificloca- guide willacquaintyouwithsomehabitattypes while othersoccupyavarietyofhabitats.This sites. Somebirdsfrequentonlyonehabitattype their needsforfood,water, shelterandnest mountain streams.Birdsusehabitatsthatmeet brush flats,fromlodgepolepineforeststo range ofhabitats,fromalpinemeadowstosage- Rockefeller, Jr., MemorialParkway encompassa Grand Teton NationalPark andtheJohnD. Enjoy birdsbutbearesponsiblebirder. Numerous rivers,creeks,lakesandponds Above 10,000 feet,severeconditionslimit Sagebrush coversmostofthevalleycalled Aspens occurchieflyinpurestands,oftenon indenseforestscov- Lodgepole pinegrows B IRD F INDING G UIDE tain chickadees,red-breastednuthatches, dark- woodpeckers. Commonsongbirdsinclude moun- sapsuckers, red-napedsapsuckers andother Grand View Point. below theoverlook. broad-tailed hummingbirdsfeedonscarletgilia of hermitandSwainson’sthrushes.Calliope towhees. Listenforthesweetsongs greentailed ers, Lazulibuntings,ruby-crownedkingletsand flick- tanagers, MacGillivray’swarblers,northern creek, expectabundantbirdlife.Lookforwestern aspens grow. Becausethetrailfollowsasmall glacial morainewheremixedconifersand Phelps LakeOverlook bald eaglescatchfishintheriver. commonmergansers, ospreysand Kingfishers, hummingbirds seeknectarfromwildflowers. Snake River. Calliope,broad-tailedandrufous trees andwillowsilverberryshrubsliningthe Yellow warblersgleaninsectsfromcottonwood mountain bluebirdshawkforflyinginsects. as westernwood-pewees,duskyflycatchersand and barnswallowsscoopinsectsoutoftheair tree,cliff due toriparianhabitat.Violet-green, cabins alongtheSnakeRiver. Birdlifeabounds Menor’s Ferry atMoose curlews andsavannahsparrows. bluebirds. Scanirrigatedpasturesforlong-billed western andeasternkingbirdsmountain Check fencepostsforwesternmeadowlarks, harriers. hawks, Swainson’shawksandnorthern American kestrels,prairiefalcons,redtailed fields forabundantsmallrodents.Look Antelope Flats–Kelly Road. base ofthemoraine. mingbirds frequentlyperchinwillowsnearthe and yellow-rumpedwarblers.Calliopehum- and duskyflycatchers,westernwood-pewees mountain bluebirds,treeswallows,olive-sided woodpeckers. Abundantinsectsalsoattract peckers. Lookforblackbackedandthree-toed feeding onthedecayingtreesattractwood- moraine surroundingTaggart Lake.Insects burned mostofthetreesonglacial Taggart LakeTrail nest alongthecreek. warblers. Secretiveharlequinduckssometimes dark-eyed juncosandoccasionalTownsend’s jays,golden-crownedkinglets, Steller’s jays,gray nest nearthetrail.Alsolookforgoldeneagles, crowned kingletsandyellow-rumpedwarblers Creek nearHiddenFalls. Western tanagers,ruby- above. AmericandippersfrequentCascade ows ofwildflowers,whiletheTeton peakstower melted snowthroughconiferforestsandmead- sands ofyearsago.Today CascadeCreekcarries Cascade Canyon. her offspring. not positionyourselfbetweenafemaleand animals suchasmoose,bearsandbison.Do Maintain asafedistance(300 feet)fromlarge Old growth Douglas firs support Williamson’s Douglasfirs support Old growth The trailtotheoverlooktraversesalateral Follow theself-guidingtrailtohomesteader attractraptorsthatsearchthe Large hayfields In 1985 alightning-causedforestfire Glaciers gougedoutCascadeCanyonthou- Ultimate forest. Partners inFlight forest. Partners visitfromthe overlook andeveninggrosbeaks towhee fluttersthroughthesagebrush nearthe seen andheard.Anoccasional greentailed and willowflycatchersamongothers canbe out thewillows,yellowwarblers,song sparrows seen inthehighcottonwoods.Strewn through Raptors suchasbaldeaglesandospreycanbe skillfully flythroughtheaircatchinginsects. swallows canalsobeseenateyelevelasthey mallards, andgoldeneyes.Uptosixspeciesof such asAmericanwigeons,blue-wingedteal, vantage point toobservewaterfowl you agreat down onthewetlandsfromoverlookgives wetlands oftheSnakeRiverfloodplane.Looking Butte, andthewillowcottonwoodlined Sagebrush flats,theconiferousforestofBlacktail transition ofthreedifferentplantcommunities: ofMooseJunctionandissituated atthe north aspen standssurroundingthelake. abound intheopenconiferousforestsand Cassin’sfinchesandothersongbirds grosbeaks, summer onthelake.Western tanagers,pine mergansers andoccasionalcommonloons Two OceanLake quite similar. Bend’s proximitytoWillow Flats,thebirdlifeis fish intheshallowwater. BecauseofOxbow morants, commonmergansersandbaldeagles here. White pelicans,double-crestedcor- aquatic birds.Greatblueheronsandospreynest andabundantfish,food for water plantgrowth Snake River, lushunder- OxbowBendsupports Oxbow Bend adjacent toWillow Flats. towheesusethedrierhillsides and greentailed and yellow-headedblackbirds.Lazulibuntings sparrows, white-crownedpinesiskins Wilson’s warblers,fox common yellowthroats, lows, yellowwarblers,MacGillivray’s songbirds includewillowflycatchers,cliffswal- other woodpeckersabound.Frequently seen Jackson LakeLodge.Red-napedsapsuckersand near growing hummingbirds feedonscarletgilia common snipesandsorasnesthere.Calliope harriers,Americanbitterns, cranes, northern American wigeoninpondsandcreeks.Sandhill tealand Look forcinnamonteal,greenwinged ponds provideriparianandaquatichabitats. meadows.Smallcreeksandbeaver grassy Willow Flats pond, andobeyallpostedclosures. pond, atleast300 feetfromtheedgeof remainonthetrailwestsideof effort, withtheswans’nesting presence interferes occasionally nestonthepond.Becausehuman wigeon andAmericancoots.Trumpeter swans for ruddyducks,ring-neckedAmerican Christian Pond white pelicansandothersoaringbirds. here. Atthesummit,lookupforred-tailedhawks, nest andruffedgrouse solitaires. Bluegrouse eyed juncos,westerntanagersandTownsend’s Wyoming AtlasandTravel Encyclopedia Blacktail Ponds OverlookThis overlookisjust trumpeterswans,common Western grebes, A slow-moving,cut-offmeanderofthe Extensive willowthicketsmergewithwet nesthere.Look Several speciesofwaterfowl Grand Teton National Park 409 The fish species present in Grand Teton come in Grand Teton present The fish species National Park has a worldwide Grand Teton Mammals hold a special place in our percep- two characteristics that make Mammals share familiar creatures of these underwater of these worlds are creatures familiar of sometimes the victims the fishes. Although the fishes are out of mind" thinking, "out of sight, ecosystem. health of the regions crucial to the have a shapes and sizes. The species in a range of sucker habits. The mountain variety of eating on algae; the cutthroat feeds almost exclusively not its tempera- named for its markings trout, and smaller fish. ment, feeds mainly on insects zones in which to live The species favor different chub is typically within the waters. The Utah water; the slow-moving found in warm, shallow, cold, deep, fast-mov- mountain whitefish prefers a com- Despite their many differences, ing water. that connects the various fish species mon thread the Fish are food source. is their importance as a mam- primary food of several species of birds, bald eagles threatened mals, and other fish. The dependent on fish for their survival. Many are human beings, consume other animals, including Fish in turnfish as a secondary con- food source. plant and animal, especially insect, popula- trol their eating habits. Because of their tions through unique physiology the well being of fishes world- Pollution, loss of habitat, and wide is precarious. continuous threats. overfishing are fishing. trout for its excellent reputation in present of trout of the five species Interestingly, the park only one, the Snake River cutthroat are In total there is native to the region. trout, of fish that make the than a dozen species more National Park home. waters of Grand Teton Native Species trout Snake River cutthroat Utah sucker Longnose dace Redside shiner Paiute sculpin Mountain whitefish Speckled dace Mountain sucker Mottled sculpin Non-Native Species Rainbow trout trout Eastern brook Lake trout trout Brown Utah chub grayling Arctic Bluehead sucker Mammals They warm our hearts, tion of wild nature. our imaginations, and thrill our senses. inspire big and small, friendly and malicious, They are always engag- They are inquisitive and reclusive. ing and thrilling to see. The sixty-one species of mammals that live beneath the towering peaks of National Park are Range in Grand Teton the Teton found in each of the four no exception. They are major habitats in the park: the alpine, coniferous sagebrush flats, and wetlands, and in each forests, a place for themselves that has they have secured no matter what allowed them to live and prosper the conditions. animals: they them unique among the world’s and they nurse their young. In addi- have hair, several other characteristics that are tion, there have allowed mammals to live successfully in warm- almost any habitat. First, mammals are on metabolism to maintain a blooded. They rely Grand Teton National Park has a number of Grand Teton of areas that can be found around birds Two of the most color- is one Tanager The Western to view birds reminded are Birdwatchers Birds in diverse habitats which support a host of birds the park boundaries Within the area. some of the can be and smallest North American birds largest the smallest found. The calliope hummingbird, of weighs less than a tenth North American bird, bloom- can be found around an ounce. This bird The trumpeter ing scarlet gila and near willow. water fowl in North America, swan, the largest Lake as well as of Swan can be seen in the area are near the National Elk Refuge. These birds usually found in pairs that mate for life. and bald eagle. A sighting of the osprey water are catching fish is a special either of these birds other from distinguishable are Ospreys treat. manner in which they by the streamlined birds carry typical- a fish in their talons. The talons are ly turned to so that the fish can be carried parallel body. the bird’s and can be found in forest- in the Tetons ful birds orange, In the summer the male is red, ed areas. sight- bird and black. Another impressive yellow, If is the Sage Grouse. of the Tetons ing in the area you visit the park during the spring months you may see the courtship display which occurs near the Jackson Hole airport. The tail feathers of the over a 280-degree can spread male Sage Grouse angle. This display, along with brightly colored a expanded air sacs on the chest which produce popping sound, may help to attract a female. with binoculars. Also, a distance, preferably from not to be harassed are as with all wildlife, birds or disturbed. This descriptive list is only a sam- that can be found in the pling of the birds Jackson Hole area. Fish The world inhabited by the fishes of Grand Teton National Park seems to be a world apart. While wonderful visual the rivers, lakes, and ponds are and life of the landscape, the processes features forms that exist beneath the waters’ surface are observed. For many of us the most not so readily Amphibians are cold-blooded and cannot cold-blooded Amphibians are near The best places to find amphibians are for some time on your visit to search Take www.ultimatewyoming.com amphibian begins life as an egg, laid either in The or in some other damp environment. water, larvae their time in water hatch and spend a gills. They then undergo through breathing metamorphosis into an adult form, and the adults considered using lungs. While adults are breathe amphibians continue to spend most of terrestrial, that have Unlike reptiles their lives near water. dry have moist, smooth, scaly skin, amphibians glandular skin with no scales, and they have no claws on their toes. like mammals temperature their body’s regulate so in the park, the cold annual tem- and birds, dry high elevation, and climate limits peratures, amphibian diversity and numbers. The park is home to six species of amphibians: spotted toads, tiger boreal chorus frogs, boreal frogs, (unfortu- frogs salamanders, northern leopard in now believed to be extinct these are nately, introduced (which were and bullfrogs the area), just outside the park). and lakes along the valley the rivers, streams, Good places to look for spotted frogs floor. Landing include String Lake, Schwabacher’s Lake. (along the Snake River), and Taggart to find in late May and easiest are Chorus frogs actively calling early June because the males are season, moist valley mead- during their breeding spots to look and listen for these great ows are toad seems to be disap- at dusk. The boreal frogs their historic range; sightings of pearing from should be reported frogs, these, as well as leopard visitor centers. to any of the park’s be readily they can creatures; these interesting key to look. They are seen if one knows where food for many links in the food web—providing otters, and fish. other animals including birds, of also important predators Amphibians are excellent indicators of they are insects. Finally, overall ecosystem health. Their dependence on water and the dual life cycle they lead makes sensitive to changes in environ- them extremely mental conditions. Bull Elk. National Park Service Photo. Grand Teton National Park All Wyoming Area Codes are 307 410 systems andspecial- have well-developed sensory ed animalscannottolerate.Secondly, mammals allows mammalstoliveinareas that cold-blood- on theenvironment tokeepthemwarm. This constant bodytemperature insteadof depending have allowedmammals toinhabitavarietyof climbing, swimming,running,gliding, andflying, ments. Also,different modesoftravel, such as eat different foodsdependingontheir require- ized toothstructures thatallowthem tofindand Ultimate Wyoming AtlasandTravel Encyclopedia live nearareas ofwater. There are nospeciesof encountered. Allthree speciesofsnakestypically (Charina bottae)are muchlesscommonly (Thamnophis sirtalisfitchi)andthe rubberboa gans vagrans).Thevalleygartersnake is thewanderinggartersnake(Thamnophis ele- of snakes.Themostcommonreptile inthepark with onespeciesoflizard, there are three species reptiles in Grand Teton National Park. Along species foundhere. diversity, distribution,andabundanceofreptile light. Thepark'scoldmountainclimatelimitsthe behaviorally, suchasmovingintooroutofsun- mals, theycanregulate theirbodytemperature maintain aconstantbodytemperature likemam- or bearliveyoung.Althoughreptiles cannot of animalswithdry, scalyskinthateitherlayeggs of reptiles. Reptilesare ahighlysuccessfulgroup diverse arrayofwildlifeincludingseveralspecies Reptiles more excitingandrewarding tovisit. National Parkhasmadethisbeautifulplaceeven ble, andtheirubiquitouspresence inGrandTeton made theirdispersalthroughout theparkpossi- cess inadaptingtoavarietyofconditionshas Park, amammalwillnotbefaraway. Theirsuc- No matterwhere yougoinGrandTeton National enough tospyamuskrat,beaver, orriverotter. of GrandTeton NationalPark,youmaybelucky will probably cross yourpath,andinthewaters marmots, andgoldenmantledground squirrels wolverines. Inrocky regions, pikas,yellow-bellied badgers, pinemartens,long-tailedweasels,and open tofindlesscommonlyviewedmammalslike go inthepark,butyou’llhavetokeepyoureyes and red squirrels tendtoshowupwhere everyou ings. Uintaground squirrels, leastchipmunks, mountain lionsare oftenmore soughtaftersight- mals likegrizzlybears,blackwolves,and vantage points.However, large predatory mam- pronghorn are commonlyseenfrom roadside lates likemoose,elk,muledeer, bison,and ple travelhundreds ofmilestosee.Large ungu- make upthelargest partofthewildlifethatpeo- environmented toalmostevery foundonEarth. characteristics, mammalshavesuccessfullyadapt- those young.Thankstoacombinationofthese efforts andsuccessof onensuringthesurvival a smallernumberofyoungandconcentratetheir numbers ofoffspring, mammalsinsteadproduce tion. Insteadofutilizingenergy toproduce vast stress qualityoverquantityinregard toreproduc- ecosystem.Finally,niches inevery mammals Range. NationalParkServicePhoto. The SnakeRiverflowsintheshadowsofTeton There are currently fourconfirmed speciesof Grand Teton NationalParkishometoa In GrandTeton NationalPark,mammals Grand Teton National Park 411 EATURES F COSYSTEMS E While the Teton Range dominates the land- Range dominates While the Teton but contain trees, Everyone forests knows that a are National Park, there In Grand Teton generally contain two or forests Grand Teton ATURAL N AND colored a mosaic by setting small Artists create a decorative into mortar to create pieces of tile is While each piece of tile design or picture. the artist colorful in its own right, unique and than the individual something greater creates combining and arranging each parts by carefully small piece. of mountains, faults, gla- scape, it is the interplay rivers, lakes, wetlands, and geologic ciers, forests, of Grand the overal grandeur that create features each fea- individually, National Park. Taken Teton but is fascinating and worthy of protection, ture they in Grand Teton, are when combined as they a mosaic that is inspiring beyond compare. create Flood Plains to fluctuate through- It is normal for river levels a around The flood plain is the area out the year. river that experiences flooding while water levels high. In the park you can see the Snake River are a braid- its flood plain, creating meander through ed effect. and marshes can be found in the flood Wetlands vital plant and animal habitat. plain and provide in the flood plain is place to view wildlife A great you can observe Landing, where Schwabacker’s (Don't get too close, an active beaver colony. verybeavers are shy.) Flooding brings nutrients to the flood plain because rivers carry rich sediments and material natural to control Efforts that serves as fertilizer. flooding often leads to worse flooding in other rivers without levees or dams are Wild areas. to find. hard becoming increasingly Forests and every own way, in it’s is unique each forest type story has an intricate to tell. The forest forest is dependent on many factors, including climate, topographical conditions, geographical location, may contain just one or two and soil type. Forests stands, or mix hundreds in large species of trees Along with the trees species together! of different comes various other species of plants and animals ecosystem. in the forest all interconnected that are tree types, containing different variety of forest species as well as associated wildlife. Some trees, such as the whitebark and limber pines, sub- survive and engelmann spruce can the alpine fir, cold windy slopes and alpine zone high up in the 10,000 feet. Other evergreens, to around Tetons blue and like the lodgepole pine, douglas fir, commonly found on the valley more spruce, are while the aspens, cottonwoods, alders, and floor, the moist soils found along the willows prefer rivers and lakeshores. together in a growing types of trees different three into one merge specific habitat type. These forests another in zones called ecotones, which creates edge habitat for various species of wildlife. Some pine marten, and squirrel, animals, like the red black bear spend most of their time in the forests. Others, such as moose, elk, and wolves, seek the for shade and shelter during the day and forest move out to the sagebrush or meadows to feed in a the early mornings are and evenings. Forests ecosys- very important part of the Grand Teton homes and tem. They stabilize the soil, create Menor sold out years, Menor and his neighbors built a bridge for winter use, dismantling it each spring. to Maude Noble in She doubled 1918. the fares, hoping to earn a living from the growing number of tourists in the val- Noble charged ley. $1 for automobiles with local license The valley floor of Jackson Hole is comprised plants find suitable growing Moisture-loving The canyons, mountainsides, and hills creat- Although they appear gray and lifeless, the Menor charged 50¢ for a wagon and Menor charged 50¢ Bill Menor and his neighbors homesteaded forests, and alpine areas. and alpine areas. forests, which water perco- soil through of loose rocky In these conditions the silvery-green lates easily. big leaf sagebrush is conspicuous. Although at on the first glance it appears that only sage grows diverse. is remarkably flats, this area its tributaries, conditions along the Snake River, leaf cottonwood Narrow and other wetland areas. and willows, both of which thrive in wet areas, ribbons of creating along the watercourses, grow meadows landscape. Wet the across light green the conditions suited to grasses, sedges, provide and wildflowers. ed by glacial debris, called moraines, contain capable of holding moisture. deeper soils that are of trees. These conditions support the growth coloring the Conifers dominate these areas, slopes a dark green. of the park support plants high alpine reaches conditions specially adapted to the harsh growing lack of soil, increased snow, Wind, found there. ultraviolet radiation, rapid and dramatic shifts in season all chal- and a short growing temperature, Most plants that survive here. lenge the hardy in close to the ground plants adapt by growing mats like the alpine forget-me-not. while allowing it to move sideways. By turning it to move sideways. while allowing the boat to the rope attaching the pilot wheel, the pon- tightened and points the cable is pressure the opposite bank. The toons toward pushes against the pontoons of the current direction across the river in the the ferryboat existed type of ferry point. This the pontoons used elsewhere in in ancient times and was the United States. a rider and horse. for team and 25¢ wagon was cross- rode free if a Pedestrians was too low for the ferry, the water ing. When from the cable Menor suspended a platform could ride a and three to four passengers later In the river. primitive cablecar across a plates, or $2 for out-of-state plates. In 1927, steel truss bridge was built just south of the making it obsolete. Maude Noble sold ferry, the property to the Snake River Land Company in 1929. here thinking of the local natural resources as commodities for survival, but many of them grew uniqueness of to treasure the beauty and shortJackson Hole. In 35 from Bill years, Menor’s arrival until the establishment of the this land passed from original park in 1929, homestead to national treasure. ERRY F S ' ENOR M Jackson Hole was isolated by its surround- Jackson Hole was isolated Rivers are often Bill Menor built the original and ferryboat The only confirmed species of lizard in Grand The only confirmed species of lizard in Over 1000 species of vascular plants grow Menor's Ferry once belonged to William D. to William once belonged Menor's Ferry tak- 1894, came to Jackson Hole in Menor who River. beside the Snake ing up a homestead became a a ferryboat that Here he constructed settlers of Jackson vital crossing for the early Hole Valley. such a harsh climate ing mountains and had areas of the lower 48 that it was one of the last came here, states to be settled. Homesteaders mainly from Idaho, beginning in the late the valley took Most early settlement in 1880s. a few scattered areas place in the south, or on with fertile on soil the east side of the Menor Snake River. was alone on the west side of the Snake for more than ten years. important transportation corridors. Snake the However, River was a natural barrier that divided In dry the valley. months the river could be forded safely in several locations, but during periods of high water even the most reliable fords were impassable. After became the main cross- Menor’s Ferry 1894, ing in the central part of Jackson Hole. Residents crossed on the ferry to hunt, gath- er berries and mushrooms, and cut timber at the foot of the mountains. ferry and cableworks are cableworks. Today’s ferry is a simple platform set on replicas. The cable system across the two pontoons. The river keeps the ferry from going downstream, www.ultimatewyoming.com poisonous snakes in the park. National Park is the northern sagebrush Teton (Sceloporus graciosus graciosus). lizard species, which lives in dry, lizard this Amazingly, sagebrush habitat, was not confirmed to rocky park until 1992. exist within the 310,000-acre is a heavily visited jewel of Although Grand Teton the National Park Service, and much is known “dis- mammal species, this recent about its larger covery” points to our deficiency of knowledge of smaller invertebrate and vertebrate species within Since the possibility the park, including reptiles. species, including the exists that other reptile Basin gopher snake (Pituophis catenifer Great deserticola), may someday be found in the park, of Grand Teton further study on the reptiles National Park is needed. Plants National Park and the surrounding Grand Teton Soil conditions, availability of moisture, area. slope, aspect, and elevation all determine where similar conditions that require Plants plants grow. These in the same area. often found growing are associations form various plant communities. It is useful to divide the plants of Grand Teton National Park into the following communities: sagebrush flats, riparian corridors and wetlands, Grand Teton National Park All Wyoming Area Codes are 307 412 toconcludethat thearea now leads geologists of oceanicorganisms. Thepresence ofthefossils thick. Theseformationscontainthe fossil remains deposits, someoverathousandfeet mentary National Parkare extensiveformations ofsedi- cally, portionsofGrandTeton inthewestern exposed attheearth’s surface. ture onceburiedundertonsofsedimentare ing layers.Eventually, thefossilremains ofacrea- the rock formationsexposingsuccessiveunderly- wind, rain,andgravity. Theseforces break down layersaretary exposedtoerosive forces suchas process. Intimetheseasrecede andthesedimen- it iscovered bytheongoingsedimentation haps theremains ofanancientfish—hassettled, rial settlestoo.Oncethisorganic material—per- bottom ofaquaticbodies.Plantandanimalmate- are nottheonlymaterialthatsettlesto mud overtime.Sand, gravel,and (harden torock) forms horizontallayersthatthickenandlithify gravel, ormud)from water. Thesettlingmaterial through thesettlingofsuspendedmaterial(sand, rock waythatsedimentary formsis rock. One past geologicages. remains orimpressions ofplantsoranimalsfrom the existenceoffossils.Fossilsare themineralized oftheTetons’gists unravelingthemystery pastis Park. Oneofthemostrevealing cluesforgeolo- ofGrandTetonin thegeologichistory National Both ofthesescenes,however, describechapters area plain. asanalmostfeatureless underwater imposing, thatitmaybedifficult toimaginethis The peaksoftheTetons seemsopowerful, usuallycometomind. donot vast, ancientseas Fossils enjoyment forusall. dioxide totheecosystem,andcreate beautyand food forwildlife,provide nutrientsandcarbon seen fromthenorth. Mountain becauseoftheresemblancewhen Sometimes referredtoasHowlingDog well-known leaderwasChiefJoseph. Nez Perce lished onthesummitin1898. angulation stationheandGeorgeBuckestab- Bannon gavethename“BuckStation”totri- recorder forT.M. Bannon’s1898 mappingparty. Buck Mountain lightning. Canyon. Sonamedbecauseitissooftenhitby Static Peak From thebookOriginsbyHaydenandNielsen. In the northern, southern, and,mostdramati- southern, In thenorthern, Fossils are typicallyfoundinsedimentary When oneviewstheTeton Rangevisionsof Named foranIndiantribewhose P In theTeton ofDeath Rangenorth EAK Named forGeorgeA.Buck, N AMES Teton, MiddleTeton, Triple, andSkillet Glacier. es ofmovingicehavenameslikeSchoolroom, fields andtwelveglaciersinthepark. Thesemass- snow orice.Currently there are numerous snow- dark andlight.Exposedrock liesadjacent to of themountainsispunctuatedbya contrastof across thevalleyfloor. Today themottledbeauty Teton Range.Ice,over3,000feetthick,moved causing crevasses toopenandclose. part oftheglacierbreaks easilyastheicemoves, found intheuppermostlayerofglacier. This a crevasse. Theseare deep,V-shaped structures a thinplaneofwaterlikeaniceskater. the glaciersare wet-based,meaningtheymoveon frozen tothebottomofglacier. Inthispark, rial canbecarriedonthesurface,inside,oreven debris from highertolowerelevations.Thismate- present intheformofglaciersandsnowfields. even intheheatofsummer, snowandiceare that whiteblanketdwindlesinsize.However, National Parkinthewinter. Asspringapproaches Glaciers /GlacialFeatures by thevisitorsandscientistsoffuture. but donottouch.Leavethemtoberediscovered a visittooneofthenationalparks,pleaselook If youare fortunateenoughtofindafossilduring processes.past climates,andtracingevolutionary ful toolsindatinggeologicfeatures, analyzing nating lookatprehistoric lifeforms.Theyare use- years ago. the Cambrianageapproximately 500million Fossil records inGrandTeton datebacktoatleast and earlyancestorsofthecrayfish—trilobites. and corals,brachiopods(clamlikeinappearance), ancient seas.Theseaswere inhabitedbyalgaes occupied bytheTetons wasoncethefloorof the Shoshonewordmeaning“manypinnacles.” Canyon andJennyLake.Itsnamecomesfrom Teewinot Mountain Petersen. Bishop Spalding,JohnShive,andFrank who climbedtheGrandTeton in1898 with Teton NamedforW.O. tothenortheast. Owen, Mount Owen named thepeaks“HoaryHeadedFathers.” Osborne RusselsaidthattheShoshoneIndians crossing UnionPass. InhisJournalofaTrapper, because hehadusedthemfororientationwhile Price Huntcalledthem“PilotKnobs”in Trois Tetons, meaning“thethreebreasts.” Wilson pers dubbedtheSouth,MiddleandGrand,Les viewing theTeton Rangefromthewest,trap- Teton Range.NamedbyFrench trappers.Upon The GrandTeton Glaciers havehadaweightyimpactonthe One majorfeature youmayseeonaglacieris rocks,Glaciers carry soil,sand,andother A quiltofwhiteblanketsGrandTeton Fossils domore thanprovide uswithafasci- Neighboring peakoftheGrand Highest mountaininthe Towers aboveCascade Ultimate 1811 sketches andwatercolorsfromthesetravels. ern sideoftheTeton Range.Heproducedmany Yellowstone andintoPierre’sHoleonthewest- with the Thomas Moran,whotraveled landscape artist Range. NamedbyFerdinand V. Haydenforthe endoftheTetonprominent peakinthenorthern Most MORAN ranges arenowclassics.MOUNT ontheTetonwhose monographs andWind River ofHayden’s St. John,geologist peaks ofnearlyequalheight.NamedforOrestes Indian Paintbrush canyons.Actuallyaseriesof Mount SaintJohn ascent ofthemountainin1929. when theysuccessfullycompletedthefirst Fritiof Fryxell andPhilSmithnamedthepeak Teton Range,ratherthanjustthisonepeak. Teewinot probablyonceappliedtotheentire Wyoming AtlasandTravel Encyclopedia view therangeyouwillseethat Grand Teton vertical offset of23,000feet. However, whenyou released tensionalongtheTeton Faultto create a ago. There were numerous earthquakes that of thepark. Hole. TheTeton Rangedominatesthelandscape by animpressive skyline,isknownasJackson beautiful valley, edge overlookedonthewestern over avalleybisectedbytheSnakeRiver. This sense ofwonder. Magnificent mountainstower Mountains motorized boatsforrecreational use. motorized boating.JacksonLakealsoallows All ofthelakesare opentoswimmingandnon- most popularhikesare around lakesandponds. opportunities forvisitors.Someoftheeasiestand lakes andponds. all wildlifeintheparkderivesomebenefitfrom crawfish, from great blueherons tomoose,almost tat inandaround them.From cutthroat trout to ductive. diverseandpro-animal lifeinapondarea isvery ground, orevenhumanactivity. Theplantand beavers buildingadam,naturalsinkholesinthe be theresult ofpartariverbeingblocked, human-made dam. lake, isanaturallakethathasbeenaltered bya we seetoday. JacksonLake,thepark'slargest melting glacialice.Thesebecamethelakesthat tion intheground thatfilledwithwaterfrom the When theymeltedleftbehindanindenta- they pushedasidesoilanddugintotheground. thousands ofyearsago.Astheglaciersmoved Lakes andPonds The rangebeganrising2to13million years Grand Teton NationalParkinspires your Ponds andlakesalsoprovide recreational Ponds andlakesprovide foravarietyofhabi- Ponds canbeformedlikelakesbutmayalso Most ofthelakesinparkwere created 1872 Ha 1872 yden expeditioninto Between Cascadeand 1877 1877 survey, Grand Teton National Park 413 Compression of the earth's crust 80 million to Compression Every years, when the elasticity few thousand south ends of the Teton Range and also on the south ends of the Teton west slope of the mountains. Marine life, especially tiny trilobites, corals and brachiopods, flour- The ished in the shallow seas covering this area. During retreated. advanced and seas repeatedly became a of the younger seas, this area retreat by dinosaurs. low-lying coastal plain frequented the Fossilized bones of a horned dinosaur, east of the Park near have been found Triceratops, Pass. Togwotee Mountain Building 40 million years ago caused uplift of the Rocky what is now Mexico to Mountain chain, from Canada. While the mountains on the south and east formed during this period, the rise of the Range as we now see it had not yet begun. Teton of the earth's crust and thinning Stretching fault to begin caused movement along the Teton about 6-9 million years ago. to its limit, a fault (or break) of the crust stretches in the stress of about 10 feet occurs, relieving earth's crust. The blocks on either side of the fault moved, with the west block swinging sky- Range, the youngest and to form the Teton ward most spectacular range in the Rocky Mountain form- downward, chain. The east block dropped ing the valley called Jackson Hole. The valley down four times more block has actually dropped verti- than the mountain block has uplifted. Total fault approaches cal movement along the Teton 30,000 feet. Evidence for the amount of move- Federal law prohibits collecting in National Federal law prohibits Range starts The geologic story of the Teton its way up forced Next, magma (molten rock) 1.3 bil- igneous rock, Diabase, a dark-colored region the Teton Shallow seas that covered and glaciers constantly eroded the rising range. and glaciers constantly eroded Meanwhile, enormous glaciers and torrential carrying cobbles, meltwaters flowed southward lev- gravel, and coarse sand and periodically re eled the floor of the sinking valley. Collecting Rocks you find them so where Parks. Please leave rocks that others may enjoy the intact geologic story. Rock Formation that make up the with the formation of the rocks far older than the mountains mountains, rocks began over 2.5 billion themselves. The process years ago when sand and volcanic debris settled in an ancient ocean. For millions of years, addi- tional sediment was deposited and buried within metamor- the earth's crust. Heat and pressure phosed (changed) the sediment into gneiss, the that comprise the main mass of the Teton rocks of metamorphosis caused min- Range. The stress alternating light and Today, erals to segregate. seen in dark layers identify banded gneiss, readily Death Canyon and other canyons in the Teton Range. cracks and zones of weakness in the through slowly gneiss. This igneous (formed by heat) rock dikes of granite, cooled, forming light-colored of feet thick. Look for larger inches to hundreds the Jenny dikes as you view the mountains from Uplift and erosion Lake and String Lake areas. have exposed the granite that now forms the central peaks of the range. the gneiss and lion years ago flowed up through vertical dikes in the prominent granite, resulting seen today on the faces of Mt. Moran and the The diabase dike on Mt. Moran Middle Teton. the face because the gneiss sur- from protrudes faster than the diabase. The it erodes rounding is recessed diabase dike on the Middle Teton because the granite of the central peaks erodes slowly than the diabase. more 600 million to 65 million years ago have left sedi- mentary formations, still visible at the north and Two rectangular blocks of the Earth's crust rectangular Two A watershed is a topographic region in which region A watershed is a topographic Park, the most National In Grand Teton Ocean Lake, in the northeastern portion Two abundant marshes, and swamps are Wetlands, in It is very common to see wildlife browsing habitat for plants and ani- Beyond providing EOLOGY www.ultimatewyoming.com G Range today. Read the past as you view the Teton that shaped the The ancient geologic processes mountains and valley have left visible marks. millions of years of dynamic geology Watch you while exploring Grand Teton unfold before National Park. moved like giant trap doors, one swinging sky- to form the mountains, the other hinging ward rain, ice, Wind, the valley. to create downward at 13,770 feet, stands only about 7,000 feet above 7,000 feet only about feet, stands at 13,770 the elevation change has Most of the valley floor. in this gravity driven environment. been buried bestowed the valley in but it also is filling Erosion The with a rugged appearance. Range the Teton outdoor enthu- of foothills allures terrain and lack can Climbers to visit this area. siasts of all types over Range 12 peaks in the Teton find at least 12,000 feet high with varying of difficulty. degrees Watersheds of uplift an area flows from all precipitation con- The North American a central valley. toward continent as the land- tinental divide bisects the point, usually found mass’ most consistent high that falls Precipitation near the Rocky Mountains. the flows toward east of the continental divide while precipitation Atlantic Ocean watershed, divide flows west that falls to the west of the the Pacific Ocean watershed. toward of located east and west are watersheds apparent falling on Mountain range. Precipitation the Teton the the eastern side of the range flows toward the rate Jackson Hole valley watershed. However, Range is occurring so quick- of uplift of the Teton ly that the mountain peaks do not act as the dividing line between the two watersheds. In real- the watershed is two kilometers west of the ity, as not occurring peaks due to the rate of erosion quickly as the rate of uplift. Nonetheless, precipitation falling on the west side of the mountains flows into eastern Idaho. The Snake River Valley that is its own watershed, collecting precipitation falls on or near the Snake River. of the park near Moran, was originally named due to the misbelief that the continental divide waves the center of the lake forcing ran through and opposite opposite shores to move toward watersheds. Subsequent mapping has determined that the divide is many miles to the northwest of Ocean Lake, yet the name remains. Two Marshes and Swamps Wetlands, fed are National Park. These areas in Grand Teton springs, mountain streams, by numerous or seeps vital habitat for a wide variety and provide such as pond of plants and animals. Vegetation lilies, willows, and cattails supply wildlife with food and shelter. the water meets the land. where these areas excellent Flats provide Oxbow Bend and Willow habitat for moose that graze on willow and other aquatic vegetation. mals, wetlands help filter water and temper flood by a beaver's created waters. Whether they are naturally dam at Schwabacher's Landing or are an inte- occuring along the Snake, wetlands are gral component of the ecosystem. Grand Teton National Park All Wyoming Area Codes are 307 414 on bothsidesofthe Teton Range.Remnantsof central Yellowstone Parkandflowedsouthward gaseous moltenrock originatedinwhat isnow incandescentcloudsof thousand yearsago,fiery nearly onemilethick.Between6million and600 million to10yearsago,leaving deposits mulated onthesinkingfloorofJackson Hole9 more than20millionyears ago. Whiteashaccu- Teton region from thewestandnorth,beginning Volcanism rocks intothisarea. quartzite intocobblestonesastheycarriedthe west oftheTeton Range.Riversrounded the tain rangeprobably located20to70milesnorth- quartzite rocks eroded from anancestralmoun- color from whitetopinkandpurple.These contain innumerablerounded rocks in varying valley. SomeofthedepositsfillingJacksonHole several millionyears,maskthesubsidenceof thick, transportedintothevalleyoverpast the valleydoes.Rocksandsoil,thousandsoffeet above thevalley, captures ourattentionmore than Teton Range,risingabruptlymore thanamile logically correct! Today thesheereastfaceof the named thisvalleyJacksonHole,theywere geo- to highmountainvalleysas"holes".Whenthey buried atleast24,000feetbelowthesurface. the valleysideoffault,thisformationlies Sandstone, visiblewhenthesnowhasmelted.On the valleyfloor, liesapinkcapofFlathead separated thisformationontheopposingblocks. Flathead Sandstone.ActivityalongtheTeton fault ment comesfrom thepresent locationofthe sojourn throughthisregion. the mysteryofJohnColter’spioneering fascinating pieceofthepuzzleyettofitinto authenticated, sotheColterStoneremainsa Pass route.ButtheStonehasnotbeenfully prove thatJohnColterhadtraveledtheTeton the westsideofTeton Range,would becomes clear. The locationofitsdiscovery, with Colterafterhisreturn. accounts andmapsderivedfrominterviews available sourcesofinformationarevague exists tosubstantiateeitherroute.The only west sideoftheTeton Range.Noevidence Hole, overTeton alongthe Pass, andnorth view tracesColter’sroutethroughJackson Togowtee Pass. The othercommonlyheld One theoryindicateshetraveledvia tion ofhisjourneyisamatterconjecture. Yellowstone NationalPark. The middlesec- return hepassedthroughwhatisnow south toneartoday’sCody, Wyoming. Onhis present-day southernMontanaandheaded in exist. Coltersetoutfromafurtrappingfort ever, asnoclearmapsorrecords isuncertain the firstwhitemantodoso.Hisroute,how- area duringthewinterof1807-8, perhaps followed bytrapperandexplorerJohnColter. represents theonlysolidproofofroute other sideistheyear“1808”. Ifauthentic,it one sidewiththename“John Colter”, onthe on the shapeofahumanhead.Itisengraved Idaho in1933, isapieceofrhyolitecarvedin The ColterStone,discoverednearTetonia, Vast cloudsofvolcanicashblewintothe furtrappersreferredEarly nineteenthcentury On thesummitofMt.Moran6,000feetabove Thus, thesignificanceofColterStone YellowstoneColter exploredthegreater T HE C OLTER S TONE campsites. rooms, picnictables,andalimited numberof Facilities forvisitorswithdisabilities includerest- A wildlife, too. determines thevegetationandultimately the ofaregionditions. Thusthegeologichistory grasses cantoleratesuchdesert-likegrowing con- or nutrients.Sagebrush,certainwildflowersand poor, thinsoilleftbehindcannot retain moisture washed awaymostofthesoil,cobblesand the baseofpeaks.Where glacialmeltwater Ridge. Glacialmorainesalsosurround thelakesat valley floor, suchasTimbered IslandandBurned stands ofpinesonridgesprojecting abovethe pine forests. To locatemoraines,lookforlarge glacial debristodaysupportsdenselodgepole rocks andsoilthatretains waterandminerals, Because morainescontainajumbleofunsorted accumulated attheterminusofeachicesurge. tures ofaclassicglacier. Schoolroom Glacier. Itdemonstratesallthefea- up thesouthforkofCascadeCanyonto involves aten-milehike(twentymilesround trip) Teton. Onewaytoviewaglacierupclose Teton GlacierliesintheshadowofGrand and FallingIceGlacieronthesoutheastface. face, prominent SkilletGlacierontheeastface exhibits fiveglaciers:Triple Glaciersonthenorth glaciers stillexistintheTeton Range.Mt.Moran about 15,000yearsago,adozenre-established and pinnaclesseentoday. chiseling therocks free, leavingthesharpridges in therocks force, exerted a prying eventually jagged from frost-wedging, where waterfreezing the northforkofCascadeCanyon. high upinthecanyons,suchasLakeSolitude telltale signsofglaciationincludecirque lakes ing todayinCascadeandothercanyons.Other canyon floorsandwalls.Lookforglacialpolish- canyons, rocks andicesmoothedpolished String, andLeigh.Asglaciersfloweddownthe lakes include:Phelps,Taggart, Bradley, Jenny, the basinsthatsmalllakesoccupytoday. Glacial canyons intoJacksonHole,thenmeltedtoform typical evidenceofglaciation.Iceflowedfrom the shaped stream canyonsintoU-shapedcanyons, eastward downtheTeton Rangebroadened theV- today byJacksonLake.Smallerglaciersflowing ice massgougedoutthedepression occupied Range, about20,000yearsago.TheYellowstone drainage andeastfrom thecanyonsinTeton Yellowstone PlateausouthdowntheSnakeRiver The mostrecent iceadvanceflowedfrom the Valley, stoppingneartheSnakeRiverOverlook. first surging from theeastdownBuffalo about 100,000yearsago. halted southofthetownJacksonandmelted south through JacksonHole.Theglacierfinally thick inplaces,theicesheetflowedfrom northto from higherelevations.Overtwothousandfeet Eventually glaciers(massesofice)begantoflow mulation ofmore andmore snoweachyear. experienced aslightcoolingthatallowedanaccu- flat valley. About150,000yearsagothisregion boasted mountainsrisingsharplyfrom abroad, a finalspectaculartouchtoscenethatalready Glaciation the northendofTeton Range. this floware exposedonSignalMountainand CCESSIBILITY Moraines (depositsofglacially-carrieddebris) Although thelastgreat icemassesmelted The peaksoftheTeton Rangebecamemore About 60,000yearsagotheglaciersreturned, The sculpturinginfluenceoficehasprovided Ultimate Wyoming AtlasandTravel Encyclopedia all times—caged, crated,orrestrained onaleash of allpetfeces. mals. backcountry. Petsare notconsidered packani- not permittedonanyparktrailsorin thepark on aleashandunderphysicalrestraint. Petsare and picnicareas, parkinglots,etc.Petsmustbe may go:roads androad shoulders,campgrounds tions are enforced. of otherpeople’s pets.Forthisreason petrestric- their naturalenvironment withoutthedisruption visitors shouldbeabletoenjoynativewildlifein where wildlife isfree toroam undisturbed.Park Pets inthePark reservations (notpermits)andsnowplanes. Fees are also charged forwatercraft, backcountry Other Fees $12.00 pernight,site Camping Grand Teton NationalParks. $20.00 entrancefeecoversbothYellowstone and Park Entry were: consult theirwebsiteforcurrent fees.2003fess Fees boots. ered clothing,hats,mittensandcoldweather mon throughout winteranddemandmulti-lay- summer, andfall.Sub-zero temperatures are com- Recommended Clothing during blizzards. Travel isnotadvisedandroads maybeclosed are frigid.Snowblanketsmountainsandvalley. December through mid-April rain andoccasionalsnowstorms. September, October, November thundershowerscommon. afternoon July andAugust ered untillateMay. and occasionalsnow. Valley trailsare snowcov- Mid-April, May, June ing anymonth. through March; snowandfrost are possibledur- heavy snowsfallbyNovember1andcontinue (307) 733-2759report obsreved avalancheactivity (307) 733-2664recorded information Avalanche Forecast www.mountainweather.com Teton Forecast Weather gravel shortlythereafter trails maybeginasasphaltandchangetodirtor Lake area, someofwhichare accessible.Some not accessibletovisitorswithdisabilities. Most parktrailsare rough rock ordirtandare roads and200milesoftrailsthroughout thepark. Pets mustbekeptunderphysicalcontrol at You are responsible forclean-upanddisposal Regulations A goodruleisapetmaygoanywhere acar Grand Teton NationalParkisaprotected area Fees are establishedannually. CalltheParkor Raingear isrecommended duringspring, Between stormsthedaysare sunnyandnights with Sunny daysandcoldnightsalternate Warm daysandcoolnightsprevail, with withrain Mild daysandcoolnightsalternate Jackson Holehaslong,coldwinters.Thefirst There are manyasphalttrailsintheJenny There are approximately 100milesofpark Grand Teton National Park 415 do not approach it for do not approach IEWING V Bears are unpredictable and should be unpredictable Bears are abandon food because of an approaching abandon food in an pack or food at a bear your throw buryor fish scraps, containers, food garbage unat- leave food, containers, or All animals require food, water, and shelter. food, water, All animals require One mile east of Jackson Lake Junction. Slow- of Jenny Lake. ridge southeast A forested Island at Elk leave the shade of Timbered East of Highway 26-89-91, one mile north of Jackson Lake Dam south to Moose. Elk and but do not feed, of Jenny Lake. Look for, West Since 1996, seven bears have been destroyed Since 1996, seven bears If you encounter a bear, ILDLIFE W Always Keep a Safe Distance When Viewing Wildlife Each species also has particular living space, or learn about more To habitat, requirements. attend wildlife habitats and animal behavior, activities. ranger-led Oxbow Bend habitat for fish such as moving water provides which become food for river suckers and trout, American white peli- bald eagles, otters, ospreys, Look for swim- cans, and common mergansers. on ming beavers and muskrats. Moose browse edge. Elk occa- abundant willows at the water’s to the east. sionally graze in open aspen groves Island Timbered antelope, the fastest Small bands of pronghorn North American land animal, forage on nearby the day. sagebrush throughout among dawn and dusk to eat the grasses growing sagebrush. the surrounding Mormon Row Moose Junction. Along Mormon Row and can be Antelope Flats Road, bison and pronghorn fall. Also and seen grazing in spring, summer, watch for coyotes, Northern harriers, and hunting mice, Uinta ground American kestrels sage and grasshoppers. Sage grouse, squirrels, the area. also frequent thrashers, and sparrows Snake River bison graze in grassy meadows along the river. Bison also eat grasses in the sagebrush flats on the and ospreys, Bald eagles, benches above the river. stick nests within build large blue herons great Beavers and moose eat willows sight of the river. that line the waterway. Cascade Canyon at Inspiration squirrels golden-mantled ground retreat to a safe distance (100 yards/91 meters). yards/91 distance (100 to a safe retreat Never you. Always take it with bear. Never it. attempt to distract Never cans. entrails. Put them in trash Never active both day and tended in camp. Bears are night. Make a Difference Can You human behavior in this park due to irresponsible to human food. habituation that led to the bear’s that similar situations are Please help to ensure actions while on park trails Your not repeated. the chances of will affect and in the campground these bears survival. any reason. a safe distance of at least 100 watched only from (91m). Report all bear sightings to a ranger. yards approach a bear for any reason. approach allow a bear to get human food. If If you encounter a bear, do not run. If the If you encounter a bear, After eating and before leaving camp or sleep- After eating and before All food, containers, and utensils must be in the same and garbage must be stored Trash such as soap, deodor- products odorous Treat For your safety absolutely no food, foodstuffs, Ice chests, thermoses, water containers, bar- Grizzly bear. Best to watch from a (long) distance. Best to watch from Grizzly bear. National Park Service Photo. Never Bear Etiquette of you, detour quickly and quiet- bear is unaware but has not acted bear is aware If the ly away. back slowly away while talking in an aggressively, even tone. Never while eating, put food away and approached Keep a Clean Camp you have a clean, bear-proof ing, check to be sure campsite: in a closed, locked vehicle in a bear box or stored up. The only exceptions are with windows rolled and eating of during the transport, preparation, food. trash manner as food, or placed in bear-proof cans or dumpsters. and perfumes in the same manner ant, sunscreen, as food. in may be stored products garbage, or odorous tents or sleeping bags. becue grills, stoves, dishes, and pans must be as food — inside a locked in the same way stored vehicle or bear box. AFETY S Pets are prohibited in the backcountryand on prohibited Pets are public buildings and from prohibited Pets are riding in boats on from prohibited Pets are Pets must stay within 50 feet of any roadway. Pets must not be left unattended and/or tied making unreasonable from prohibited Pets are may be impounded and Pets running-at-large of the planning on exploring areas If you are EAR www.ultimatewyoming.com Allowing a bear to obtain human food, even The behavior. in aggressive once, often results to human safety and bear then becomes a threat Help keep park or destroyed. must be removed bears wild and safe. Do not feed the bears for any is a vio- to follow park regulations Failure reason! in citations lation of federal law and may result and fines. B not to exceed six feet in length. park trails. swimming beaches, except for guide dogs. park waters, except for Jackson Lake. to an object. noise or frightening wildlife. and feeding of for the care their owner charged the animal. Kennels that closed to pets, we recommend park that are you place your pet in a kennel. Jackson, Wyoming Alpha Animal Care (307) 733-5352 Babysitting by the Tetons (307) 733-0754 Critter Camp (307) 733-4279 Kindness Kennels (307) 733-2633 Kennels Spring Creek (307) 733-1606 Idaho The Hairball Hotel (208) 787-2806 Petstoppe Ranch (208) 787-2420 Photography is one of the most popular pastimes in the park. National Park Service Photo. Photography is one of the most popular pastimes Grand Teton National Park All Wyoming Area Codes are 307 416 loud noiseslikeshoutingorsinging. presence andavoidsurprisingthemby making • Thisisbearcountry. Makebearsaware of your For yoursafety them. orburn sealed plasticbags.Donotbury paper, napkins,and diapersin tampons,sanitary from streams andlakes.Packoutusedtoilet feces inahole6-8inchesdeepatleast200feet •Prevent byburying contaminationofwaterways distance. Donotapproach orfeedanimals. andphotographwildlifefrom• Observe asafe and remain quietwhilehorsespass. • Horseshavetheright-of-way. Stepoff thetrail erosion. • Prevent erosion byhikingonestablishedtrails outallyourgarbage. • Carry campingrequires• Allovernight apermit. allowed ontrailsorinthebackcountry. • Pets,weapons,bicycles,andvehiclesare not Backcountry Regulations for more details. publication planning. DownloadtheBackcountry friend’s home. with wildlife,justasyouwouldwhenvisitinga to youractions,andlimitthetimeyouspend opportunity. Useananimal’s behaviorasaguide you havedeprivedothervisitorsofaviewing wildlife. Ifyouractionscauseananimaltoflee, and wetweather. cumb topredation andexposure toheat,cold, to thenest.Unattendednestlingsreadily suc- circles youorscreams inalarm,youare tooclose adult bird onanestfl.iesoff atyourapproach, or wildlife, raisingyoungisaprivateaffair. Ifan feeding areas. els ofstress andtheavoidanceofessential term impactsonwildlife,includingincreased lev- encounters withpeoplecanhavenegative,long- change ofbehavior, inananimal.Repeated human actionthatcausesunusualbehavior, ora bite thehandthatfeedsthem. them dependentonpeople,andanimalsoften squirrels andbirds. Feedingwildanimalsmakes cially defensive. and itsoffspring. Femaleswithyoungare espe- mals suchasbears,bison,moose,andelk. a safedistanceofatleast300feetfrom large ani- for closeviewsandphotographs.Alwaysmaintain Be aResponsibleWildlife Observer river. Moose browse onwillowsgrowing alongthe feed inthesidechannelsofSnakeRiver. the coolerpartsofday. Severalkindsofducks support grassymeadowswhere elkgrazeduring 191. Oldbeaverpondshavefilledinandnow Blacktail Ponds the canyon. Listen forthenumerous songbirds thatnestin shrubs growing atthemouthofcanyon. scattered boulderfields. Point. Pikasandyellow-belliedmarmotslivein A trip into the backcountry requiresA tripintothebackcountry advance Allow othervisitorsachancetoenjoy Nesting birds are easilydisturbed.For Do notharasswildlife.Harassmentisany It isillegaltofeedwildlife,includingground Never positionyourselfbetweenanadult Use binoculars,spottingscopesorlonglenses Half-mile northofMooseonHighway26-89- Mule deerandmooseoccasionallybrowse on Jackson Lake. the Teton Range,JacksonHolevalley, and 800 feet(242meters)topanoramic viewsof of StringLake. the scenicdriveisone-wayandbegins justsouth Lake andprovides spectacular viewsofthepeaks; Junction. Teton Rangefrom MoosetoJacksonLake road toviewwildlife. photographs. Donotstopinthemiddleof provide safeplacestoenjoyscenicviewsandtake park geology, wildlife,andplants.Turnouts also alongparkroadsMany turnouts offer exhibitson S avoid parkingproblems. also result inaticket.Anearlystartwillhelpyou damage toplants;violatorswillbeticketed. and GraniteCanyon.Parking String Lake,LupineMeadows,DeathCanyon, areas fillearly, especiallyatSouthJennyLake, Avoid Crowds trail conditions. •Check witharangerforcurrent informationon mended. • Solohikingandoff-trail hikingare notrecom- you expecttoreturn. • Tell someone where youare goingandwhen crossing snowfieldsandstreams. mid-June, canyontrailsbylateJuly. Becareful • Snowmeltsgradually, leavingvalley trailsby pace yourself. •High elevationmaycausebreathing difficulties; rain gearandextraclothing. • Beprepared forrapidweatherchanges;bring drinkingwater.• Carry Virgin Islands.In Virgin Teton, Acadia,GreatSmokyMountains,and to severalnationalparksincludingGrand Rockefeller, Jr. madesignificantcontributions vationist andphilanthropistJohnD. Yellowstone NationalParks. The lateconser- Parkway connectsGrandTeton and Yellowstone Ecosystem,theRockefeller oftheGreater Located attheheart tered atophillsandridges. the SnakeRiverandformoutcroppingsscat- born ofvolcanicflowsfromYellowstone line edge,whilerocks gentle slopeatitsnorthern In theparkway, theTeton Rangetaperstoa contains featurescharacteristicofbothareas. ral linkbetweenthetwonationalparksand Yellowstone inhonorofRockefeller. boundary ofGrandTeton toWest Thumb in also namedthehighwayfromsouth nize hisgenerosityandforesight.Congress Rockefeller, Jr. MemorialParkway torecog- 24,000 acreparceloflandastheJohnD. CENIC J The SignalMountainSummitRoad climbs The JennyLakeScenicDriveskirts The Teton ParkRoadfollowsthebaseof In pavedparkinglots,illegallywill on naturalvegetationresults inpermanent During JulyandAugusttrailheadparking OHN The RockefellerParkway providesanatu- M EMORIAL D D. R RIVES 1972 Cong 1972 OCKEFELLER P ARKWAY ress dedicateda ,J Ultimate R . Wyoming AtlasandTravel Encyclopedia addition tobeinga reservoir, JacksonLakeis also level ofJacksonLakeamaximum 39feet.In Lake JunctionontheTeton ParkRoad,raises the Jackson LakeDamOverlook nates thebackground. the mostmassivepeakinTeton Range, domi- attracts awidevarietyofwildlife.MountMoran, Junction, thiscut-off meanderoftheSnakeRiver Oxbow Bend the Teton Rangeforthebackdrop. for birds, beaversandmoose.JacksonLake freshwater marshthatprovides excellenthabitat south ofColterBay, foraviewofanextensive Willow Flats stops tothosesuggestedforthehalfdayvisit: Whole-Day Activities ful, thechapelisahouseofworship. frames thetallestTeton peaks.Pleaseberespect- altar windowoftheChapelTransfiguration in thespring,usuallyafter4thofJuly).The islaunchedafterhighwater (theferry the century thatcrossed of ferry theSnakeRiveratturn store.cabin andcountry Rideareplica ofthe pioneer lifeinJacksonHole.Visit BillMenor's mile long,affords alookathomesteadingand Trail,of Moose.TheMenor'sFerry lessthan0.5- Menors Ferry &theChapelofTransfiguration South JennyLake. Jenny Lake.RejointheTeton ParkRoadnear vides arelaxed lakeshore drivewithviewsof String Lake,theroad becomesone-wayandpro- far asStringLakeandJennyLodge.Southof Teewinot and Mt. Owen.Theroad istwo-wayas spectacular viewoftheGrandTeton (13,770'), west. StopattheCathedralGroup Turnout fora Jenny LakeScenicDrive no trailersorlarge motorhomes, please. is narrow andparkingatoverlooksislimited,so Jackson LakeandmostofHole.Theroad panoramic viewsoftheentire Teton Range, feet abovethevalley. Summitoverlooksprovide road windstothetopofSignalMountain,800 Signal MountainLodgeandCampground. The Signal MountainSummitRoad amphitheater programs. hikesandevening tion talks,naturalhistory led activitiesincludemuseumtours,parkorienta- program are shownthroughout theday. Ranger- wildlife videotapesandaparkorientationslide American Indianlife.and native peoplesandgainaglimpseof19thcentury Colter BayVisitor CenterandIndianArtsMuseum Half-Day Activities wildlife. Alwayswearyourseatbelt. fatal accidents.Careful drivingprotects youand large animalathighwayspeedshasresulted in see. Mooseuseroads astravelcorridors.Hittinga quently migrateatnightandmaybedifficult to slowly atnight.Elk,bisonandmuledeerfre- Driving Safely Jackson LakeDam,onemilewestof Jackson Located onemileeastofJacksonLake Stop attheWillow FlatsTurnout, 6miles If youhaveawholedayaddthefollowing Turn off theTeton ParkRoad0.5-milenorth Turn atNorthJennyLakeanddrivesouth- This 5-miledrivestartsonemilesouthof Visit themuseumtoviewartcreated by You candoalloftheseactiviitesinahalf-day. Watch forlarge animalsontheroad. Drive Grand Teton National Park 417 3.0 miles roundtrip, 2 3.0 miles roundtrip, 2.5 miles roundtrip, 2 2.5 miles roundtrip, 2.0 miles roundtrip, 1 hour, EASY. 1 hour, 2.0 miles roundtrip, 5.0 miles roundtrip, 3-4 hours, 40- 5.0 miles roundtrip, IKES H Over 200 miles of hiking trails in the park Over 200 miles of hiking and opera- Park and parkway concessioners Park Road has wide shoulders and The Teton many opportunities Range offers The Teton horseback rides at Park concessioners offer AY D shown on the accompa- The following hikes are nying map. 1. Flagg Ranch Loop Trail, Polecat Creek hours, EASY. side of level loop follows ridge above a West marsh, habitat for waterfowl and other wildlife. Flagg Canyon, foot elevation change, EASY. Loop Trail. east side of Polecat Creek Access from Spectacular views of the Snake River. 2. Colter Bay Trail, Lakeshore of Level trail follows east and north shoreline Colter Bay then follows perimeter of a forested peninsula jutting into Jackson Lake, providing Range. views of the northern part of the Teton Pond & Swan Lake, Heron hours, 40-foot elevation change, EASY and Follow mostly level trail to ponds to see birds available. other wildlife. Brochure early June to Labor Day a full schedule of activi- schedule of Day a full to Labor early June Consult a park newspa- daily. ties is conducted and entrance available at visitor centers per, the park. in bulletin boards stations, or various and learn of your choice Attend the activities history the natural and human about of the more park and parkway. a Hike Take level and easy trails on and parkway range from trails into the arduous the valley floor to steep, ask a ranger for rec- mountains. At visitor centers, maps at or purchase ommended hikes and look at popular trail areas and trail guides. Parking late June to a.m., from heads fill as early as 11:00 early September. Go Rafting of floating and fishing trips a variety tors provide Equipment is also available on the Snake River. several sources. in Jackson from for rent Ride a Bike The Antelope Flats- superb views of the Tetons. riding opportunities on sec- Kelly Loop provides can cars Ride bikes only where ondary roads. not allowed on trails or in legally go; bicycles are Equipment is available at the backcountry. several sources. Dornans and in Jackson from Climb a Mountain for climbers and mountaineers. The Jenny Lake Ranger Station is the center for climbing informa- encouraged to stop in and tion and climbers are conditions and reg- obtain information on routes, ulations. Registration for day climbs is not a back- while all overnight stays require required, country Jenny Lake Ranger Station is permit. The 8 a.m. to early June to mid-September, open from 6 p.m. Go Horseback Riding Colter Bay and Jackson Lake Lodge. A publication is available for Saddle and Pack Stock. If you have more than one day, try some of than one day, If you have more Join a ranger for a visitor center talk, muse- Moose Junction on Highway 26-89-191, turn to the small town of Kelly. east. Follow the road Slide, turn at the sign Ventre see the Gros To Ventre access. The Gros marked national forest in 1925 when earthquakes and Slide occurred rain caused the north end of Sheep Mountain to forming River, Ventre and dam the Gros off break Lower Slide Lake. Follow the Antelope Flats Road Highway along hayfields and ranches to rejoin 26-89-121. Multi-Day Activities these ideas in addition to the half-day and whole- day suggestions: Activities Attend Ranger-Led From hike or evening program. stroll, um tour, Park at South Jenny Lake and take a short Antelope Flats-Kelly Loop Junction, 5 miles south of Ventre At Gros www.ultimatewyoming.com a natural lake formed by an immense glacier that National Park. Yellowstone once flowed from Park on the southwest side of the dam and take a short walk for a peaceful view of Jackson Lake and Mount Moran. South Jenny Lake walk to view glacially-carved Jenny Lake nestled peaks. A 6-mile at the base of the tallest Teton Jenny Lake. Shuttle boats hiking trail encircles easy late September) provide (early June through of the lake and trails to access to the west shore Hidden Falls, Inspiration Point and Cascade Canyon. Parking is limited and the trail becomes so plan to arrive early or late in the day. crowded, A midday arrival will be frustrating. Grand Teton National Park All Wyoming Area Codes are 307 418 Leigh Lake, 5. LeighLake ing backtoTwo OceanLake. follows southshore ofEmmaMatildaLakeloop- to GrandView Pointforapanoramicview, then Follows northshore ofTwo OceanLake,climbs MODERATE. roundtrip, 7hours,710-footelevationchange, Two Ocean&EmmaMatildaLakes, Follows lakeshore withviewsoftheTetons. 440-ft elevationchange,MODERATE. Emma MatildaLake, aspens andmeadowsonthenorthshore. Traverses coniferforests alongthesouthshore; foot elevationchange,MODERATE. Two OceanLake, 4. Two OceanLake hill overlookingWillow FlatsandTeton Range. Short trailwithinterpretive signsleadstotopof foot elevationchange,EASY. Lunch Tree Hill, 3. JacksonLakeLodge provide wildlifehabitat.Terrain isgentlyrolling. Forests, meadows,ponds,andstreams alongtrail 100-foot elevationchange,EASY Point, Hermitage 2.0 milesroundtrip, 1hour, 40-foot 0.5 mileroundtrip, 1/2hour, 80- 8.8 milesroundtrip, 4hours, 6.4 milesroundtrip, 3hours,80- 9.1 milesroundtrip, 5hours, 12.9 miles Follows forested shore ofLeighLake,withclose foot elevationchange,EASY Bearpaw Lake, elevation change,EASY. Backcountry travelisuncrowded andrewarding. NationalParkServicePhoto. 7.4 milesroundtrip, 4 hours,40- Ultimate Wyoming AtlasandTravel Encyclopedia elevation change,EASY. String Lake, 6. StringLake views ofMountMoran. 3.3 milesroundtrip, 3hours,120-foot Grand Teton National Park 419 9.6 miles 23.2 miles over Paintbrush 13.0 miles roundtrip, 19.2 miles roundtrip, 5.8 miles roundtrip, 4 hours, 5.8 miles roundtrip, 6.6 miles roundtrip, 4 hours, 6.6 miles roundtrip, 8.2 miles roundtrip, 7 hours, 8.2 miles roundtrip, 18.4 miles roundtrip, 10 hours, 18.4 miles roundtrip, 5.0 miles roundtrip, 3 hours, 150- 5.0 miles roundtrip, 12.4 miles roundtrip, 8 hours, 2535- 12.4 miles roundtrip, Trail circles the lake through a burned just area the lake through circles Trail Peak and Mt. St. John. below Rockchuck Holly Lake, change, STRENUOUS. foot elevation seasonal- Canyon trail through Follow Paintbrush wildflowers. ly abundant Paintbrush-Cascade Loop, change, VERY 14 hours, 3845-foot elevation STRENUOUS. Hike up Paintbrush Canyon, Canyon. An ice axe Divide, and down Cascade may be necessary until August. 7. Cascade Canyon Jenny Lake Loop, EASY 100-foot elevation change, with views of Mostly level trail skirts shoreline, available. Range. Brochure the Teton Hidden Falls, foot elevation change; via shuttle boat (fee 1.0 mile, 1-1/2 hours, 150-foot eleva- charged): tion change, MODERATE. south shore, Popular trail follows Jenny Lake’s then climbs to view of 200-foot cascade. Inspiration Point, 417-foot elevation change; via shuttle boat (fee 2-1/2 hours, 417- 2.2 miles roundtrip, charged): foot elevation change, MODERATE-STRENUOUS. Follow trail to Hidden Falls, then continue up to Inspiration Point overlooking Jenny Lake Forks of Cascade Canyon, 7 hours, 1057-foot elevation change; via shut- 5 9.0 miles roundtrip, tle boat (fee charged): hours, 105-foot elevation change, MODERATE- STRENUOUS. Popular trail leads into Cascade Canyon with views of the Grand, Mt. Owen, and Teewinot. Lake Solitude, 2252-foot elevation change; via shuttle boat (fee 8 hours, 2252- 14.4 miles roundtrip, charged): foot elevation change, STRENUOUS. Follow popular Cascade Canyon trail. North Fork leads to Lake Solitude and views of the Grand and Mt. Owen. South Fork of Cascade Canyon, 12 hours, 3589-foot elevation change; roundtrip, 19.2 miles via shuttle boat (fee charged): 11 hours, 3589-foot elevation change, roundtrip, STRENUOUS Follow popular Cascade Canyon trail. South Fork leads to Hurricane Pass and views of Schoolroom Glacier. 8. Lupine Meadows Amphitheater and Surprise Lakes, 8 hours, 2958-foot elevation change, roundtrip, STRENUOUS by subalpine Hike up to glacial lakes surrounded meadows. Horses not allowed. Garnet Canyon, 2160-foot elevation change, STRENUOUS leads to the mouth of Garnet Canyon. Trail Horses not allowed. Lake 9. Taggart 2 hours, 277- Lake, 3.2 miles roundtrip, Taggart foot elevation change, MODERATE. burned traverses area in 1985 to reach Trail Lake. Taggart Grand Teton Backcountry Areas www.ultimatewyoming.com Grand Teton National Park All Wyoming Area Codes are 307 420 foot elevationchange, STRENUOUS. Phelps Lake,4.0milesroundtrip, 4hours,987- Trail climbsmorainetooverlookPhelpsLake. 420-foot elevationchange,MODERATE. Phelps LakeOverlook, 11. DeathCanyon Snake River. Brochure available. See anoriginalhomesteadonthebanksof foot elevationchange,EASY. Menor’s Ferry, 10. ChapeloftheTransfiguration glacial morainessurrounding Taggart Lake. Trail in1985andclimbs traverses area burned hours, 277-footelevationchange,MODERATE. Taggart Lake-BeaverCreek, down aglacialmorainetoBradleyLake. Trail climbsthrough in1985,then area burned foot elevationchange,MODERATE. Bradley Lake, 4.0 milesroundtrip, 3 hours,397- 0.5 mileroundtrip, 1/2hour, 10- 1.8 milesroundtrip, 2hours, 4.0 milesroundtrip, 3 Fee charged fortram. Visitors are allowed tohike 13. Top oftheTram around MarionLake. Follow GraniteCreek tosubalpinemeadows 2880-foot elevationchange,STRENUOUS. Marion Lake, 12. GraniteCanyon August. until impressive views.Iceaxemaybenecessary Switchbacks through whitebarkpineforest to 4020-foot elevationchange,VERY STRENUOUS. Static PeakDivide, followed byaclimbintoDeathCanyon. Trail climbsupandthendowntoPhelpsLake, STRENUOUS. roundtrip, 6hours,1061-footelevationchange, Death Canyon-StaticPeakTrail Junction, involvessteephikeuptooverlook. Lake. Return Trail climbstooverlook,thendescendsPhelps 20.8 milesroundtrip, 12hours, 15.6 milesroundtrip, 10hours, 7.6 miles Ultimate Wyoming AtlasandTravel Encyclopedia up talusslope.(Brochure available). below thesummit.Ascendsummitbyscrambling Steep trailfollowsTeton Creek andends0.5mi. STRENUOUS. roundtrip, 7hours,4151-footelevationchange, Targhee NationalForest/Table Mountain, 15. Teton Canyon leaflet availableattrailheadandvisitorcenters. Follow shorttrailtoseeearlyhomestead.Trail 20-foot elevationchange,EASY. Cunningham Cabin, 14. CunninghamCabin meadows toTeton Village. Start atthetopandhikedownthrough alpine ATE. 4135-foot elevationchange(downhill),MODER- Granite Canyon, tothetram. Marion Lakeandreturn Hike through alpineandsubalpineterrainto OUS. foot elevationchange,MODERATELY STRENU- Marion Lake, sufficiently toallowsafetravel. trails leadingfrom thetramaftersnowhasmelted consider every memberofyourparty.consider every Alsocon- and selectingcampsites.Asyouplanyourtrip, side ofthisguideisonlyforplanningpurposes the parkorahikingguide.Themaponother specific informationobtainatopographicmapof Grand Teton NationalPark’s backcountry. For This guidecontainsgeneralinformationregarding Planning Your Trip B ACKCOUNTRY 11.8 milesroundtrip, 7hours,1206- 12.4 milesroundtrip, 7hours, 0.75 mileroundtrip, 1hour, 11.0 miles Grand Teton National Park 421 Permits are not required for mountaineering, required not Permits are to state fishing license is required A Wyoming with the park All vessels must be registered Stock may be used on established trails, how- Campers may stay in a camping zone or des- Mountaineering on overnightbut climbers trips must have a backcountry Ask for the permit to camp or bivouac. and detailed Current brochure. Mountaineering Lake Ranger is available at the Jenny information 307 739-3343. In the summer, Station in the through June 739-3309. From winter call 307 all Garnet Canyon permits and per- September, technical climbing or mits for any trip involving picked up at the Jenny mountaineering should be Lake Ranger Station. Fishing limits. creel established are fish in the park. There for ask and regulations For specific fishing rules avail- Fishing licenses are the Fishing brochure. Ranch and Moose, Flagg able at the Colter Bay, Signal Mountain camp stores. Boating Permits may be pur- A fee is required. annually. chased at the Moose or Colter Bay Visitor located on are campsites Centers. Lakeshore Jackson Lake and Leigh Lake. Camping is not For specific infor- permitted on the Snake river. in the park use of watercraft the mation regarding ask for the Boating brochure. Horses and Llamas closed to horses and llamas. ever some trails are special campsites and rules for are There overnight stock use. Ask for the Stock Use brochure. Stay Limits ignated sites for two consecutive nights. On By signing the backcountry permit you agree of 1 to 6 people. Individual parties consist valley trails by mid- Snow usually melts from winter, permits may be picked up only at the up only may be picked permits winter, may get a permit as You Center. Moose Visitor Have your trip begins. before early as the day alternate in mind in case destinations and dates permit must is full. A reserved your first choice by 10 a.m. the morningbe picked up of your trip may call You available to others. or it will become know you if you will be late. If you to inform us please cancel your will not be using your permit, as possible. as soon reservation Permit Parameters Printed on the back of the backcountry. to respect some of the backcountry regula- your permit are to comply them. Failure tions. Read and abide by in fines and revoca- may result with regulations tion of the permit. Size Group limited to camping are of 7 to 12 people Groups able to withstand the in designated Groupsites lim- parties are In winter, groups. impact of larger ited to 20 people. Backcountry Conditions high country in the through June but remains Safe travel over Paintbrush, much of the summer. Static Peak, and Moose Basin Divides and Passes Hurricane, Mt. Meek, and Fox Creek an ice axe and knowledge of its use until requires year as late as August. Snow conditions vary from informa- Check with a ranger for current to year. feet in elevation. begin at about 6800 tion. Trails Expect to encounter horses and yield to them by the uphill side of the trail and stand- stepping off ing quietly until they pass. Boaters should be afternoon winds. of strong aware Permits are required for all overnight trips. To required Permits are The park backcountry is very popular. not holds your permit but does A reservation www.ultimatewyoming.com sider the distance and elevation gain to your des- is no shuttle service in the tination. There the local park.but taxi services available from are If you have only one vehicle, you community. may want to plan a loop trip that returns to the the busiest same trailhead. July and August are less snow in the high coun- is times because there busiest for boaters and holidays are Weekends try. on Jackson Lake. Getting A Permit backcountry minimize impacts on park resources, of the backcountry limited. One-third permits are may be campsites and all of the groupsites filled first-come, are reserved in advance. The rest first-served at park permit offices. Reservations Requests are recommended. Reservations are January accepted by mail, fax or in person from in the processed 1st to May 15th. Requests are and your name, address, Include received. order the number of peo- daytime telephone number, campsites and dates. It is ple, and your preferred best to include alternate dates and campsites. National Park, Permits to Grand Teton Write Moose, WY 83012 or Drawer 170, P.O. Office, fax to 307 739-3438. Reservations may be made open daily Center, in person at the Moose Visitor will return written con- 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. We from firmation within two weeks. Phone reservations not accepted. Call 307 739-3309 or 739-3397 are service information. A non-refundable for more for each reservation. fee of $15 will be charged Permit Picking Up Your your permit. Obtain permits in person at replace Centers or the the Moose and Colter Bay Visitor During Jenny Lake Ranger Station in the summer. Grand Teton National Park All Wyoming Area Codes are 307 422 Ultimate Wyoming AtlasandTravel Encyclopedia ations tocome. to bepreserved foryournext visitandforgener- thatyou cameherescenery toexperienceneeds Teton’s looking“grand.”The backcountry using existingtrails.Pleasehelpkeep Grand efforts bystayingoutofclosedareas andby from overusemayheal.Pleaserespect these see trailsrerouted orcampsites closedsoscars that pastdamagemustberemedied. You may • Strivetoavoidresource damage,andbeaware them forotherstoenjoy. ral orculturalobjectsisprohibited. Pleaseleave • Removingflowers,plants,rocks andothernatu- can remove vegetationfrom anarea. • Your else’s, campingimpact,addedtoeveryone those whoare seekingsolitude. • Beaware thatloudvoicesandradiosdisturb vegetated surfaceswhenpossible. a fewplantslot.Walk onrock, snow, ornon- file. It’s bettertotrample manyplantsalittlethan • Where notrailexists,walkabreast, notsingle prohibited. • Shortcuttingswitchbackscauseserosion andis old plant. One misplacedstepcandestroy atiny100-year- ing toerosion. Besure nottotramplenewareas. trails. Feettrampleplantsandcompactsoil,lead- bined degraderesources quickly. Stayonexisting • Onefootleaveslittletrace,butmanyfeetcom- rock orground forsocialgatheringandcooking. and shrubsare fragile.Inanycamp,pickbare bare duff canstandalittleuse,butwildflowers such asrock, snow, orbare ground. grassor Dry • Inpristineareas camponadurablesurface others ifpossible. feet from waterandoutofsightsound vided useanexistingbare ground siteatleast200 camping zones,where improved sitesare notpro- • Campindesignatedsiteswhere required. In food, fire rings,buriedtrash,ortoiletpaper. • Notracemeansnotleavinglitter, scrapsof Leave NoTrace ple are allowedtocampineachzone. ed intocampingzones.Alimitednumberofpeo- campers. Canyonsthatreceive lessuseare divid- spread aparttominimizedisturbanceother campsites are selectedfortheirdurabilityandare experience.Inpopularareas,country designated park resources whileproviding aqualityback- Managing BackcountryUse Backcountry weather forecast before startingyourtrip.InThe mountain weatherchangesquickly. Check the ed tobetwicethatshownhere. Beaware that tion onthehighwindward slopescanbeexpect- Precipitation willbemuchgreater; theprecipita- tures willaverageatleast5degrees colder. of theparkisathigherelevationsandtempera- terizes thelowerelevationareas ofthepark.Most Call 307-739-3403fordetails.Thistablecharac- educational, andscientificprograms inthepark. profit organization thatsupportstheinterpretive, Grand Teton Association,anon- NaturalHistory Maps andBooks length ofstayis5nightsinonesite. amaximumof10nights.Inwinter,country the and September15campersmaystayintheback- Jackson Lakethelimitis3nights.BetweenJune1 The permitsystemhelpsensure protection of Maps andguidebooksare availablefrom the Grand Teton National Park 423 This trail leads north to two designated camp- and stock sites, each marked with a sign. Group site is 0.25 mile below Holly Lake. North Fork Cascade Zone to the second bridge above the fork Extends from Lake Solitude. the stream the trail crosses where is 0.5 mile above the lower boundary Groupsite of the zone on terraces east of the trail. South Fork Cascade Zone Begins 1 mile above the Cascade Canyon trail fork and ends 0.5 mile below Hurricane Pass. is 1.75 miles above the trail fork, east Groupsite of the trail. Death Canyon Zone the Death Canyon Trailhead Starts 4.5 miles from of Death 1/4-mile above the bridge crossing The lower zone boundary is 0.5 Canyon Creek. Cabin (not mile west of the Death Canyon Patrol The upper boundary is 0.5 mile below staffed). is between the trail Pass. Groupsite Fox Creek cabin. 2 miles west of the patrol and creek, Death Canyon Shelf Zone Pass to Mt. just above Fox Creek Extends from is 2 miles north of Fox Meek Pass. Groupsite Pass. Creek Marion Lake Designated Sites just east of the lake. A spur trail sites are Three the lake. Please camp on tent leads east from pads. North Fork Granite Canyon Zone Lower boundary is 0.25 mile above the Middle/North Fork trail junction. The upper the North the trail crosses boundary is where Fork Creek. South-Middle Forks Zone Lower boundary is 0.75 mile above the upper Middle/North Fork trail junction. On the north, the boundary is the ridge between the North and Middle Forks. The east boundary is 1.5 miles is 4.6 miles the top of the tram. Groupsite from Jackson Lake • In non-designated sites, camp out of sight of trails and other campers. Camp on previously impacted campsites. lakes and streams, • Camp at least 200 feet from possible. where campsites may only be used by groups • Group are specifically assigned to them. Groupsites marked with signs. use a stove. prohibited, are • Fires hang your food common. Properly • Bears are method. Food storage using the counter-balance available at some sites. poles or boxes are Trails Canyon & Canyons Without Webb Creek, Berry observed frequently Bears, including grizzlies, are and danger- Hiking includes difficult in this area. without bridges. Safe travel crossings ous stream good physical condition and experience requires with map and compass. Hikers must be prepared Horse and for selfevacuation in case of problems. llama camping is permitted only at Hechtman Stock Camp. Lower Paintbrush Canyon Zone the String Lake Parking Area Begins 3 miles from The of Paintbrush Creek. below the first crossing upper camping zone boundary is 1.5 miles below Junction. The “Outlier” the lower Holly Lake Trail campsite is I mile below Holly Lake and is a designated site. Upper Paintbrush Canyon Zone about 0.1 mile above the lower Extends from Junction to the Paintbrush Holly Lake Trail Divide headwall, on the main canyon trail. From the lower end of the zone to the upper Holly Junction, camp only on the south side Lake Trail of the trail (the left side as you hike up the the upper Holly Lake Trail canyon). From Junction to the Paintbrush Divide headwall, you may camp on either side of the trail. Holly Lake Designated Sites to the trail marked Follow the Holly Lake Trail “Holly Lake Campsites” that begins at Holly Lake. Giardia, campylobacter and other harmful campylobacter Giardia, for all overnight stays. required Permits are such as the con- Campsite “improvements” permitted only at designated are Fires small and do not leave them unat- Keep fires Pets, bicycles, wheeled vehicles, motorized State fishing Anglers must have a Wyoming Horse, mule and llama use is limited to estab- Shortcutting trail switchbacks is prohibited. wildlife. Feeding Keep a safe distance from Follow the food storage This is bear country. pollution by not washing dishes or Prevent Carry out all trash and food scraps. When Black bears and grizzly bears live in the park www.ultimatewyoming.com Water with that cause intestinal disorders organisms through can be transmitted diarrhea severe water is be certain that your To water. untreated backcountry or filter- water by boiling safe, treat water filter. ing with a portable Sanitation contaminated waterways.Prevent Urinate at least in rocky source any water 200 feet away from be damaged by animals digging places that won’t found in human urine. for the salts and minerals Bury feces in soil 6-8 inches deep and at least and wetlands. Pack lakes, streams, 200 feet from plastic bag or use nat- out toilet paper in a sealed or vegetation. snow, ural options such as rocks, used tampons, sanitary napkins, and dia- Store pers in sealed plastic bags. Backcountry Regulations and resources needed to protect Regulations are a high quality backcountry experience. ensure cooperation is needed in understanding and Your abiding by all park rules. Help eliminate the need by hiking and camping restrictions for more responsibly. strictly are The following key regulations enforced. The permit is valid only for the location and dates indicated. bough walls, log benches, tree struction of rock prohibited. are rings, and trenches beds, new fire must be permitted, fires sites. Where lakeshore grates. confined to metal fire tended. Downed and dead wood may be collect- encouraged. ed. Gas stoves are equipment, weapons, and explosives including not allowed in the backcountry. are fireworks license in possession. lished trails and stock camps. Use hitch rails Carry stock feed; grazing is not provided. where allowed. with their natural diet and is wildlife interferes feed the ani- harmful to their health. Please don’t mals. in the In Bear Country of this section regulations brochure. or lakes. bathing in or near streams possible, carry out trash left by others. Never bury trash or attempt to burn aluminum. Follow these guidelines to make and parkway. for your pro- They are your hike and camp safer. of the bears, one tection and for the preservation of the true signs of wild country. Camping Zones a permit, you may stay within the indicated With camping zone, unless assigned to a designated site. • Signs mark the beginning and end of each camp- or improved groupsites are zone. If there marked with signs. sites inside the zone, they are Grand Teton National Park All Wyoming Area Codes are 307 424 isjustsouthofMt. HuntDivide Upper boundary Mt. HuntDivideZone tion withtheValley Trail. 3.4 mileswestoftheGraniteCanyon trailjunc- Fork trailjunction.Groupsite issouthofthetrail, isjustbelowtheMiddle/North Upper boundary Lower GraniteCanyon where thetrailcrosses theMiddleForkCreek. Marion Lake.Siteisintrees 150yards eastof from thetopoftramand1.4milessouth each siteandmust beusedforfoodstorage. • Bearsare common.Bearboxesare provided at Jackson Lake Lakeshore Sites Canyon Creek tojustnorthofMt.Hunt Divide. Extends from where thetrailcrosses Open Open CanyonZone Canyon trail. and extendsdownto0.75mileabovetheGranite Ultimate Wyoming AtlasandTravel Encyclopedia ing area andStringLakeparkingarea –4nights. Trail CanyonviaTetonGranite Canyon/Paintbrush Crest nights. ing area andStringLakeparkingarea –3to4 Trail CanyonviaTetonDeath Canyon/Paintbrush Crest area andStringLakeparkingarea –2to3nights. 29.5 miles.Trailheads: DeathCanyonparking Death Canyon/CascadeCanyonviaTeton Crest Trail tram. Lake parkingarea –2to3nights.Feecharged for miles. Trailheads: Teton Village andSouthJenny Tram toCascadeCanyonviaTeton Crest Trail Area –2nights. 25.7 miles.Trailhead: GraniteCanyonParking Granite Canyon/DeathCanyonloopviaValley Trail nights. area andDeathCanyonparkingarea –1to2 24.8 miles.Trailheads: SouthJennyLakeparking Cascade Canyon/DeathCanyonviaStaticPeakDivide charged fortram. Trailhead: Teton Village –1to2nights.Fee Tram/Death CanyonloopviaValley Trail area –1night. 19.3 miles.Trailhead: GraniteCanyonparking Granite Canyon/OpenCanyonloopviaValley Trail 1 night. 19.2 miles.Trailhead: StringLakeparkingarea – is anextremely busytrailJulythrough August) Canyonloop Cascade Canyon/Paintbrush tram. Trailhead: Teton Village –1night.Feecharged for Tram toGraniteCanyonviaMarionLake Trail Combination&Mileages • Pitchtentsontentpads. • Fires are prohibited. each siteandmustbeusedforfoodstorage. • Bearsare common.Bearboxesare provided at Phelps Lake the lake. windson • Beware ofwavescausedbyafternoon • Pitchtentsontentpads,where provided. • Fires are allowedinfire gratesonly. each siteandmustbeusedforfoodstorage. • Bearsare common.Bearboxesare provided at Leigh Lake the lake. windson • Beware ofwavescausedbyafternoon boats. restrained atalltimesandare notallowedoutof except atSpaldingBay. Petsmustbephysically • Petsare notallowedinJacksonLakecampsites • Fires are allowedonlyinfire grates. Coolers are notbear-proof. turnouts provideturnouts spectacular viewsoftheimpres- paved roads awaitthebicyclist.Numerous scenic park andparkway, approximately 100milesof Rockefeller, Jr., MemorialParkway. Within the Grand Teton NationalParkandtheJohn D. wide valleysurrounded bymountains, lieswithin Most ofJacksonHole,a40-milelong, 15-mile B ICYCLING 37.9 miles.Trailheads: GraniteCanyonpark- 36.0 miles.Trailheads: DeathCanyonpark- 23.1 miles. (Note: This 17.1 miles. 28.5 Grand Teton National Park 425 Float Trip Float Trip Planning Map but you IVER R NAKE S Unpaved roads are narrow. Ride on narrow. are Unpaved roads The Snake is a complex river to float. The Some roads in the park predate today’s bicy- today’s the park predate in Some roads Teton Park Road Recent road construction Park Road Recent road Teton Obtain information concerning bicycling, in the park at Bicycles may be rented LOATING THE Mountain Biking Suggested Routes Mountain Biking Suggested Three miles of dirt road lead from the Pacific lead from miles of dirt road Three River Road Two-Ocean Lake Road Two-Ocean www.ultimatewyoming.com General Information a chance to expe- Floating the Snake River offers Flowing west rience an outstanding natural area. the river Wilderness, in the Teton its source from flows National Park, then enters Yellowstone Jr., the John D. Rockefeller, south through and into Jackson Lake in Memorial Parkway, National Park. Regaining its free- Grand Teton flowing character at the Jackson Lake Dam, the the park. river winds through F sive Teton Range. To enter or leave the valley, or leave the enter To Range. sive Teton moun- more one or need to cross bicyclists may tain passes. have a paved marked roads Most cling popularity. bicy- limited space for safe providing shoulder, shoul- have only a very narrow roads cling. Some caution. Use extreme or lack one altogether. der, can ride your fat-tired bicycle on any unpaved bicycle can ride your fat-tired cars can legally go. where roads CAUTION: and be alert for vehicu- the right side of the road to Dry weather causes unpaved roads lar traffic. dusty. become extremely Road Biking Suggested Routes Moose to North Jenny Lake Junction includ- from shoulders. The adjacent 3- ed widening the road mile Jenny Lake Scenic Drive provides peaks. spectacular views of the tallest Teton Antelope Flats – Kelly Area sagebrush flats through Bicycle secondary roads Range. with spectacular views of the Teton InformationFor More the facilities, and services from bicycle routes, park visitor centers at Moose, Jenny Lake and informa- provides message A recorded Colter Bay. and park activities weather, tion about the park’s facilities 24- hours a day all year long. Call (307) 739- 3611. Dornans' parts and in Moose. Bicycle rentals, several shops near- service also available from are by in the town of Jackson. A gravel road parallels the west side of the Snake parallels the west A gravel road 15 miles between Signal River for approximately for Watch Creek. Mountain and Cottonwood distance (300 feet mini- wildlife. Maintain a safe such as bison, that fre- animals, large mum) from quent this area. Grassy Lake Road the through an old American Indian route Travel and Yellowstone transition between Grand Teton National Parks. Ride all or part of the 52-mile that starts west of Flagg Ranch and contin- road ues to Ashton, Idaho. not allowed on any REMEMBER: Bicycles are National Park or the John trails in Grand Teton Memorial Parkway, Jr., D. Rockefeller, Creek Road to Two-Ocean Lake for a short but Lake for Road to Two-Ocean Creek terrain. scenic ride over rolling Grand Teton National Park All Wyoming Area Codes are 307 426 locations. Boulders andbottomirregularities average 2to3feet,butexceed10feet inafew greatly throughout thesummer. Water depths Riverflowvaries river canchangeovernight. should checkconditionsbefore trip,asthe every occur. Evenboatersfrequently floatingtheSnake whenever significantchangeinriver conditions Ranger Stations.Reportsare updated weeklyor ters, theRockefellerParkwayandBuffalo Fork tion areas are postedatriverlandings,visitorcen- often. Usecautionwheneveryoufloat. found onfewwhitewaterrivers.Accidentsoccur constant shiftingoflogjamspresent difficulties into inattentiveness.Atangleofchannelsand beauty andlackofwhitewateroftenlullfloaters Information onflowratesandadditionalcau- the tranquilityofriverscene.Reduce conges- other boatersthreatens thisquality. Helppreserve the wildnessofriver. presence Thevery of winds, especiallywhencanoeing. consideration traditionallystrong upstream in advanceandmakedecisionsearly. Take into remain. Alwayssetupmaneuverswell tight turns current staysdeceptivelystrong. Logjamsand and watersclear. Inspiteofreduced flow, the tions. Assnowmeltdiminishes,volumedecreases high,increasing thedifficultyvery ofallriversec- spring flowswillbemuddy, extremely cold,and cause standingwavesupto3feethigh.Typically, River Etiquette The qualityoffloattripsdependslargely on Ultimate Wyoming AtlasandTravel Encyclopedia ing boaters very little timetomaneuvertheir ing boatersvery than inothersectionssouthofPacific Creek, giv- The riverdrops more steeply, withfasterflows most challengingstretch oftheriver in thepark. Deadman's BartoMooseLanding Advanced Level be carriedonvesselsandusedJacksonLake. are prohibited ontheriver;however, motorscan that canswampraftsandcanoes.Motorizedcraft and strong lakewindscanproduce highwaves paddling isrequired. thunderstorms Afternoon be moderatetostrong andstrenuous rowing or the lake,predominant southwestwindscan Jackson Lake.Duringtheremaining 4mileson the RockefellerParkwayfor6miles,itflowsinto challenge. AftertheSnakeRiverwindsthrough Flagg RanchtoLizard Creek Campground ners ontheSnake. lakes hasproven tobeoflittlehelpriverrun- cult andrequire more skill.Boatingexperienceon current. Braidedchannelsmakeroutefinding diffi- stretch ofriverdrops significantly, increasing the upstream from theactuallanding. their craftinquietwatersabout100yards the PacificCreek landingrequires boaterstoland water andthefewestobstructions.Fastat Bridge toPacificCreek Beginner Level visitor centersandrangerstations. 739-5417. Box 1888,Jackson,WY83001307-739-5500or 307-733- 3316;orBridger-Teton National Forest, Commerce, BoxE,Jackson,WY83001,phone park contact:JacksonHoleChamberof information onfloatingtheSnakeoutside http://wy.water.usgs.gov/rt-cgi/ gen_tbl_pg/For address call 1-800-658-5771;internet mended. treat itfirst.Swimmingintheriverisnotrecom- pump, bucketforbailingandpatchkit. securely. Inflatableboatsshouldhaveanair first aidkitandawastereceptacle. Attachallgear oar, awaterproof containerwithextraclothes,a Visitor Center. Ranger StationatFlaggRanchandtheColterBay Ranger StationinMoran,theRockefellerParkway (May through September)attheBuffalo Fork round attheMooseVisitor Centerandinsummer Information andassistanceare availableyear- assistance, contacttheRiverPatrol Rangers. way radios.Ifyouhaveanyquestionsorneed summer. Patrol firstaidgearandtwo- boatscarry their boatsandlines. anglers, respect theirrightsbysteeringclearof wildlife. Whenencounteringotherboatersand seek. Silenceisespeciallyimportantwhenpassing trip. Excessivenoisedisruptsthesolitudeothers throughoutsight, andmaintainthisinterval the launch slips.Launchwhenotherboatsare outof tion atlandingsbypreparing craftawayfrom Jackson LakeDamtoCattleman'sBridge Pacific Creek toDeadman'sBar Intermediate Level Intermediate Regulations Most riveraccidentsoccuronthissection, the The braidedchannelmakesroute-finding a More difficult thanthepreceding section,this These stretches provide scenicviews,calmer Detailed boatingregulations are availableat For informationonSnakeRiverflows, Do notdrinkthewaterunlessyouboilor Equipment shouldincludeanextrapaddleor Rangers regularly patrol theriverduring Grand Teton National Park 427 Fishing Zones & Seasons Zones www.ultimatewyoming.com Grand Teton National Park All Wyoming Area Codes are 307 428 Mileages attempt thissection. canoeists withadvancedwhitewaterskillsshould recommended forcanoes.Below4000cfs,only the whitewaterrapidsare ClassIIIandare not of theriver. Duringflowsgreater than4000cfs, walking thecanyonrimtrailalongwestbank capable offlippingrafts.Itcanbescoutedby standing waves,haystacks,lateralsandlarge holes In spring,increased watervolumecreates large vides challengingwhitewaterforraftsandkayaks. river slopessteeplyandthenarrow pro- riverway South EntranceofYellowstone NationalPark.The Southgate toFlaggRanch Wilson, 12milesdownstream from Moose. the parkboundary. Thenexttakeoutisat bank; there isnotakeoutoraccesstotheriverat west bankand2milesdownriverontheeast extends5milesdownriverofMooseonthe ary require advancedboating skills.Theparkbound- channel selection,logjamsandroute finding preceding section.Fastmovingwater, braiding, channels blockedbylogjams. nel. Strong current cansweepboatersintoside craft. Complexbraidingobscures themainchan- Cattleman's Bridge to Pacific Creek ...... 3.0 ..3.0 Creek Pacific to Bridge Cattleman's . .2.0 Jackson LakeDamtoCattleman'sBridge 10.0 Flagg RanchtoLizard Creek Campground . .3.0 Ranch Flagg to Launch Southgate Moose toSouthParkBoundary X-Country SkiTrails from Taggart LakeParkingArea X-Country SkiTrails from Moose-WilsonRoadArea Southgate Launchis1/2-milesouthofthe This sectionoftheriverisasdifficult asthe Ranch. Mountain andtheSnakeRiverBridgeatFlagg the EastEntrancetoGrandTeton, atSignal check bulletinboards locatedalongtheCDSTat and theFlaggRanchInformationStation;or 307-739-3612; askattheMooseVisitor Center information ontrailconditions,pleasecall closed periodicallyforgrooming. Forcurrent Park. Togwotee Passareas withYellowstone National Yellowstone informationcall307-344-7381. National ParkandtheRockefellerParkway. For National Parkdiffer from thoseinGrandTeton of snowmobiletrails. See themaponreverse sideforthelocation not recommended becauseofnumerous hazards. considerably shorter. Travel onJacksonLakeis through mid-March. TheseasonfortheCDSTis snowmobile seasonisgenerallymid-December unplowed portionoftheTeton ParkRoad,the Rockefeller, Jr., MemorialParkway. Forthe Grand Teton NationalParkandtheJohnD. Snowmobile Trail (CDST)willbeopenedwithin routes includingtheContinentalDivide When snowdepthissufficient, snowmobile S os oWlo ..12.0 Wilsonto Moose ..10.0 Landing Moose to Bar Deadman's ..10.5 Bar Deadman's to Creek Pacific OMBLN NTHE IN NOWMOBILING The CDSTisagroomed trailandmaybe The CDSTconnectsDubois,Landerandthe Snowmobile regulations inYellowstone T ETONS Ultimate Wyoming AtlasandTravel Encyclopedia os-isnra 2mi 11mi 15mi 5mi Moose-Wilson 6mi road Flagg RanchtoGrassyLake Colter BaytoFlaggRanch Jackson LakeJunctiontoColterBay 15mi Signal Mountainsummitroad Signal Mountain–Taggart Lakeparking 3mi 5mi Jackson LakeJunctiontoSignalMountain Moran JunctiontoJacksonLake Trail Distances theharshwinter.needed tosurvive movement forwildlifeusesprecious bodyfat animal tomove,youare tooclose.Unnecessary animalsfromObserve adistance.Ifyoucausean Protecting Wildlife oversnow vehicles. el. Plowedroads androad shouldersare closedto Hill andWillow Flatsare closedtoallwintertrav- Junction totheparkboundary, Wolff Ridge, Uhl Junction, Buffalo Forkbottomfrom Moran bottom from onemilenorthofMoosetoMoran Closed Areas accommodate snowmobiles. Lake isopenwhentheicesafeenoughto snowmobiling. Inaddition,thesurfaceofJackson Continental DivideSnowmobileTrail are opento Open Areas not groomed. parking area followstheunplowedroad andis route from SignalMountainsouthtoTaggart Lake must beextremely cautious.Thesnowmobile with wheeledvehicles,sosnowmobileoperators Mountain, snowmobilesmustshare theroadway Lake Dam.From JacksonLakeDamtoSignal north sideoftheTeton ParkRoadtoJackson snowmobile route. Thisspurtrailfollowsthe connects theCDSTwithTeton ParkRoad side ofthehighway. and continuesnorthtoFlaggRanchontheeast Creek, thetrailpassesunderhighwaybridge north toChristianCreek. Aftercrossing Christian way tothewestsideandfollowsanoldroadbed Jackson LakeJunctionthetrailcrosses thehigh- located onthenorthsideofhighway. At toJacksonLakeJunction,theCDSTis boundary Yellowstone NationalPark.From theeastpark then followsHighway89tothesouthentranceof from toMoranJunction, theeastparkboundary the plowedroad andfollowsHighway26-287 86 sitesandatrailerdumpstation;no vehicles North ofJennyLake Signal MountainCampground 49 sites,tentsonly;fullby8a.m. North ofMoose Jenny LakeCampground in theevening,ifatall. 360 sitesandatrailerdumpstation;generallyfills South ofMoose Gros Ventre Campground not haveelectricalhook-ups. Jenny LakeCampground. Thesecampgrounds do Maximum lengthofstayis14days,7daysat the park.Thefeeis$12.00pernight,site. basiswithin available onafirst-come,first-served campgroundsFive NationalParkService are C AMPGROUNDS Winter placesenormousstress onwildlife. To protect wildlife,KellyHill,SnakeRiver Designated, unplowedroads andthegroomed A spurtrailfrom JacksonLakeJunctionsouth The CDSTislocatedimmediatelyadjacentto Grand Teton National Park 429 Colter Bay – Self-guided Colter Bay Village – Chuckwagon Restaurant – Open daily. – – Campground with full – Campground ERVICES ( *open in winter) S – See Horseback Riding section. – Pizza, sandwiches & beer. – Log style lodging units with 2 – Log style lodging units – Colter Bay Cabins Open May – Phillips 66. Diesel available. – Essentials, camping/fishing sup- open daily 7:30 a.m. – 10:00 p.m., Open daily 6:30 a.m. – 10:00 p.m., – see Float Trip section. – see Float Trip Colter Bay Highway Convenience Store – National park gifts, souvenirs, cloth- – Open daily May 21 – Oct. 3 with all – On Jackson Lake. Gas dock, overnight – Burnt Bear Saloon & package goods. Opening and closing dates are approximate. closing dates are Opening and operat- authorized concessions The listing of any com- for conducting A permit is required OMMERCIAL General Store May 28 – Oct. 3. Hours subject to change. ATM machine. soft Open daily May 7 – Oct. 20. Groceries, film, gifts & firewood. drinks, beer, C Park ServiceThe National not make conces- does contact with direct Please make sion reservations. the service of your choice. mountaineer- horseback riding and ing float trips, within each category ing guide services is rotated to quality. manner unrelated in a prescribed Park and National Teton activity in Grand mercial Memorial Parkway. Jr. the John D. Rockefeller, Flagg Ranch Resort May 15 – Oct. 15. Open for summer season 12. Hours Dec. 15 – Mar. Open for winter season June 1 and before of operation subject to change 1- or toll free after Sept. 15. Call 307-543-2861 Box 187, Moran WY 800-443-2311. Write 83013. Accommodations queen beds or 1 king bed (open summer and winter). Bar Restaurant and Espresso Home style menu. lunch & dinner. Breakfast, Services Camper & Trailer showers hookups, tent sites, 24-hour launderette, and restrooms. Gift Shop items. ing, American Indian jewelry & children's Service Station gas available year-round. Emergency Store Grocery ice & firewood. plies, package beer, Float Trips Horseback Riding Spirits Snowmobiling and Snowcoach Tours and guided snowmobile trips into Yellowstone. Daily snowcoach tours to Old Faithful with an 12. – Mar. guide. Dec. 15 interpretive Marina Leek’s Call 307-543-2494. Pizza Restaurant Open daily 11:00 a.m–9:00 p.m. June 4–Sept. 6. Marina buoys. May 22 – Sept. 19. Colter Bay Village Reservations today call 307-543-2811, for cabins Grand Teton 543-3100. Write 543-2828; future Lodge Co., Box 240, Moran, WY 83013. Accommodations open June 4 – Sept. 6. Village 28 – Oct. 3. Tent Park RV hookups available. Reservations advised. Restaurants and Snack Bar and buffet Open daily May 28 – Oct. 3. Table service lunch & dinner. for breakfast, Cafe Court June 11 – Sept. 6. and Gift Shops General Stores ILLAGES V The nightly use fee is $3.00 per person plus a Requests required. Advance reservations are RAILER T are Villages Colter Bay and Flagg Ranch Trailer trailer facilities with full concessioner-operated hook-ups, showers, and laundry. trailer sites has 100 Village Flagg Ranch Trailer contact: make reservations and 75 tent sites. To Flagg Ranch Resort PO Box 187 Moran, WY 83013 (800) 443-2311 or (307) 543-2861 www.flaggranch.com infor- Park has 112 sites. For more Colter Bay RV contact: mation and to make reservations Lodge Company Grand Teton PO Box 250 Moran, WY 83013 (307) 543-2811 www.gtlc.com and Gros Ventre Campground has five. Site Campground Ventre and Gros 10 to 75 people. capacities range from reservation fee. $15.00 non-refundable should be made between Januaryfor reservations 1 and May 15 by writing to: Reservations Campground National Park Grand Teton PO Drawer 170 Moose, WY 83012 AMPING C ROUP X-Country Ski Trails from Flagg Ranch Area from X-Country Ski Trails X-Country Ski Trails from Colter Bay and Signal Mountain Areas Bay and Signal Mountain Colter from Ski Trails X-Country www.ultimatewyoming.com G such as youth, religious, groups Only organized sites. may use the group and educational groups campsites has 10 group Colter Bay Campground over 30 feet;full by 10 a.m. Colter Bay Campground North of Jackson Lake Junction and dump sta- 350 sites with showers, laundry, tion; full by noon. Campground Creek Lizard At the north end of the park 60 sites; no vehicles over 30-feet; full by about 2:00 p.m. Campgrounds Concessioner-Operated is available campground A concessioner-operated Jr. at Flagg Ranch in the John D. Rockefeller, just south of Yellowstone Memorial Parkway, make reservations contact: National Park. To Flagg Ranch Resort PO Box 187 Moran, WY 83013 (800) 443-2311 or (307) 543-2861 www.flaggranch.com Park & For information on the Colter Bay RV Cabins contact: Tent Lodge Company Grand Teton PO Box 250 Moran, WY 83013 (307) 543-2811 www.gtlc.com Grand Teton National Park All Wyoming Area Codes are 307 430 Service Stations Float Trips snack food&beer. Oct. 3.Fishingtackle,film,outdoor apparel, & WYfishinglicenses.MarinaStore May 28– buoys,fuel&dischargeovernight pump,tackle Guided lakefishing,boat&canoerentals, change dependingonweather&lake levels). Wed. cruises,(dates subjectto eveningsteakfry fast &1-1/2hr. scenic,narratedcruises. Sat.and Marina Dumpstation. sories andservice. RVdaily May29–Sept.19.Self-service. acces- fuel. Self-service. 7 –Oct.20.Automotivefuel,includingdiesel Station Opendaily7:30a.m.–10:30p.m.,May –Activities May28–Oct.3.Dailybreak- – seeFloatTrip sectionunderGrand – Colter BayHighwayChevron Colter BayVillage Chevron Open p.m. –9:00May16 –Oct.13. 9:30 a.m.Lunchnoon–1:30p.m.Dinner 6:00 Restaurants Accommodations Lodge Co.,Box240,MoranWY83013. 543-2811; future 543-3100.Write GrandTeton today: Call 307-543-2811.Reservations Jackson LakeLodge May 28–Oct.3.Hourssubjecttochange. Launderette May 28–Oct.3.Hourssubjecttochange. Public Showers Horseback Riding Teton LodgeCo. – – Opendaily7:30a.m.9:00p.m. Mural Room – Opendaily7:30a.m.9:00p.m. – May16Oct.13. – SeeHorsebackRidingsection. Breakfast 7:00a.m.– Pioneer Grill Ultimate Wyoming AtlasandTravel Encyclopedia May 13–Sept.26.Camping&hiking supplies, General Store South JennyLakeArea reservations required fordinner. June2 –Oct.10. suggested forbreakfastReservations &lunch; Spirits Teton LodgeCo. Float Trips Horseback Riding p.m. May16–Oct.13. Diesel fuelavailable.Opendaily7:30a.m.–6:00 Service Station ATM Machine 7:00 a.m.–10:30p.m.May16Oct.13. Newsstand 10:30 p.m.May16–Oct.13. Gift andApparel Shops 8:00 p.m.July1–Aug.31.Weather permitting. lunch &snacks;poolsideBBQdinner6:00– 13. PoolOpendaily11:30a.m.–3:30p.m. Open daily6:00a.m.–10:30p.m.May16Oct. Oct. 12. – midnight(Sun.noon10:00p.m.).May16 Restaurants Lake. May8–Oct.16. motel units(somewithfireplaces) onJackson kitchenettes, logcabins(somewithfireplaces) & Accommodations 83013. Call 307-543-2831.Write Box50,MoranWY Signal Mountain Oct. 12. 10:00 p.m.(Sun.noon–p.m.)May16 noon –1:30p.m.Dinner6:159:00 p.m. Dining Room June 2–Oct.10. Accommodations Co., Box240,MoranWY83013. Call 307-733-4647.Write GrandTeton Lodge Jenny LakeLodge change before May18&afterSept.21. midnight. May8–Oct.9.Hourssubjectto Spirits – Float Trips and courtesydocks.OpenMay22–Sept.19. buoys available.Guidedlakefishingtrips.Gas pontoon boatsanddeckcruiserrentals. Guest Marina Emergency gasavailableyear-round. subject tochangebefore May18&afterSept.21. 7:00 a.m.–10:00p.m.May8Oct.6.Hours Service StationandConvenienceStore to changebefore May18&afterSept.21. p.m. May8–Oct.3.Hoursofbothstores subject ing andaccessories.Opendaily9:00a.m.–8:30 – Oct.3. jewelry. Opendaily8:00a.m.–10:00p.m.May8 mountain homeaccessoriesandAmericanIndian Gift &Apparel before May18&afterSept.21. p.m. May8–Oct.9.Hourssubjecttochange 11:00 a.m.–5:30p.m.Dinner10:00 after Sept.21. Oct. 9.Hourssubjecttochangebefore May18& 2:30 p.m.Dinner5:30–10:00May8 Breakfast 7:00–11:00a.m.Lunch – – OnJacksonLake.Canoes,fishingboats, Blue Heron Lounge Package Store Aspens Bar&Lounge Teton Traditions – seeFloatTrip sectionunderGrand – seeFloatTrip section. – Sundries,magazines,books,cigars. – – Breakfast 7:30–9:00a.m.Lunch – JennyLakeStore –Opendaily Aspens DiningRoom – Hotelregistration area. – Self-service Chevron– Self-service station. – Cottonwood Cafe – Lakefront apartmentswith – ModifiedAmericanPlan. Gift Shop – SeeHorsebackRidingsection. – Opendaily8:00a.m. open daily8:00a.m.– Mountain-inspired cloth- National parkgifts, open daily11:00a.m. open dailynoon– open dailyLunch open daily – Opendaily Grand Teton National Park – 431 – Dormitory – Near Chevron station – Near Chevron – Breakfast & dinner – Breakfast – Breakfast & dinner – Breakfast - Call 543-2811 for bus – One-hour trail rides. June 15 located at Jenny Lake. Daily basic located at Jenny rides, wagon seats available. Trail rides of various rides, wagon seats available. Trail lengths. Call 543-2811. May 29 – Oct. 12. permitting. Weather and Transportation Bus Tours Lodge Co. Grand Teton tours, charters, & transportation to & from intrapark. May 16 – Oct. 13. Jackson, Yellowstone, Medical Medical Clinic Grand Teton at Jackson Lake Lodge. Open daily 10:00 a.m. – 6:00 p.m. May 16 – Oct. 13. Call 543-2514. Other hours call 733-8002. Medical Services St. John's Hospital in Jackson - WY 83001. Call 733-3636. Other Services Outside the Park The town of Jackson is 13 miles south of park avail- headquarters at Moose. All services are able. For a complete listing of accommodations and attractions outside the park, stop at the Information Center at 532 multi-agency Visitor North Cache, call 733-3316, or write Jackson Box E, Jackson Hole Chamber of Commerce, WY 83001; http://www.jacksonholechamber.com also available at Teton and services are Stores Some services located 6-8 miles east are Village. of Moran Junction. For information on Dubois, 52 miles east of the park, call the Dubois 455-2556. Chamber of Commerce, accommodations, cooking area and showers for accommodations, cooking area climbers. Call 733-7271. Horseback Riding Flagg Ranch Resort – Sept. 1. Call 543-2861. Corral Colter Bay Village rides of various rides, wagon seats available. Trail per- lengths. 543-2811. June 4 – Sept. 6. Weather mitting. Jackson Lake Lodge Corral Park. Wilderness camping, hiking, fishing, fun hiking, fishing, camping, Park. Wilderness informa- Call 1-800-346-6277 for and relaxation. www.oars.com tion or reservations. Mountaineering Guides & School of American Exum Mountain Mountaineering Guided schools at Hidden Falls. & intermediate in all peaks & routes & ascents of Grand Teton All skill levels. winter. Range. Summer & Teton for Private guides available Rock, ice and snow. Call accredited. AMGA individuals or groups. 56, Moose WY 83012. Box 733-2297. Write & Climbing School Jackson Hole Mountain Guides Guide service for individuals and small groups. Range. Year- Teton in the All peaks & routes all abili- ice, snow; Daily schools on rock, round. member U.S. Mountain ty levels, certified guides; in Office accredited. Guide Federation; AMGA 7477, 165 N. Glenwood, downtown Jackson. Box (307) 733-4979. Jackson WY 83001; call Climbers’ Ranch/American Alpine Club – 5- & 10-mile scenic – (Colter Bay Village – 10-mile scenic trips – 10-mile scenic wildlife – Guided fishing float – 10-mile scenic trips, – Scenic rafting trips depart – Whitewater & scenic – 10-mile scenic trips, guid- – 5- & 10-mile scenic trips. (Outdoor Adventure River Specialists) – (Outdoor Adventure 83012. Call 733-2871. River & Lake Multi-Day Trips O.A.R.S. 2-, 3- and 5-day sea kayaking excursions Offers on Jackson Lake, and 2-day scenic float trips on National Grand Teton the Snake River through naturalist-led field trips in Grand Teton National Teton trips in Grand field naturalist-led Yellowstone the Greater Park and throughout Kelly, Box 68T, August). Write Ecosystem (May- call 307-733-4765, fax 307-739- WY 83011; or on the web [email protected] 9388, e-mail www.tetonscience.org Slide In Ventre Gros snacks, ice & fire- Gifts, American Indian crafts, – Sept. 15. 7:30 a.m. – wood. Open daily May 1 101, Kelly WY 83011. Box 8:30 p.m. Write Snake River Float Trips is between mid- The season for most companies depending on weather May and mid-September conditions. and river-flow later. Fishing season extends All trips interpretive. Jack Dennis Fishing Trips lunch, instruction and trips; fly or spin fishing; 733-3270 or write to equipment included. Call Box 3369, Jackson WY 83001. National Park Float Trips arrange- Group day. trips, departing throughout Call Moose WY 83012. ments available. Write 733-6445 or 733-5500. Heart Six Ranch Float Trips and sunrise wildlife trips. Guided fishing trips for Box 70, Moran WY 83013. ranch guests. Write Call 543-2477. Signal Mountain Lodge ed fishing trips. Write Box 50, Moran WY 83013. ed fishing trips. Write Call 543-2831. Float Trips X-Osprey Triangle the day; sunrise & trips scheduled throughout evening wildlife trips, supper floats, & breakfast Fishing trips. Moose and lunch floats for groups. WY 83012. Call 733-5500 or 733-6445. FAX 733-8685. Float Trips Barker-Ewing including morning & late evening wildlife trips. May 9 – Sept. 30. the day. throughout Departures Dinner trips available weekdays June 15 – Aug. Moose WY 83012; Call 733- Box 100T, 20. Write 1800 or 1-800-365-1800. Fort Jackson Float Trips Sept. Sunrise trips, short trips daily May through (3 hours). Long trips with meal (5 hours). Also equipment & guided fishing trips, full & half day, transportation included. Call 733-2583 or 1-800-735-8430. Flagg Ranch Float Trips wildlife trips—only trips north of Jackson Lake. Whitewater trips depart every two hours starting at 10 a.m.; scenic trips 10:00 a.m. and 2:00 p.m., June 1 – Call 543-2861. depending on weather. Labor Day. Lodge Company Grand Teton & Jackson Lake Lodge) 10-mile scenic trips with several morning & afternoon daily; departures some trips include lunch or dinner cookout at Bar; morning daily; guided departures Deadman’s Box 240, Moran WY 83013. fishing trips. Write Call 543-2811. Solitude Float Trips Guided fishing trips. Write Box 112, Moose WY Guided fishing trips. Write – Open 9:00 open noon – 9:00 – One- to four-day See Mountaineering – Open daily May 22– open daily for breakfast Wine and Package Shop Wine – Dornans Adventure - Teton Boating Co. - On Boating - Teton Moosely Seconds - Lounge & view deck open Exum Mountain Guides & School Exum Mountain - Spur Ranch Cabins. New log - Spur Ranch Cabins. New – – Open daily 8:00 a.m. – 8:00 Chuckwagon – Open daily 8:00 a.m. – 8:00 p.m. – – Open daily May 15 – Sept. 15. Moose Bar – Snake River Anglers – Spin & flyfishing, – www.ultimatewyoming.com outdoor clothing, t-shirts, groceries, film & gifts. film t-shirts, groceries, clothing, outdoor & CruisesBoat Shuttles hours, Sept. Souvenirs, local crafts, gifts. Winter 16 – May 14. Service Station – p.m., June – Sept., 8:00 a.m. – 6:00 p.m., Sept. June. Store Grocery daily 10:00 a.m. – 11:00 p.m.; 10:00 a.m. – 7:00 p.m., Sept. 15 – June 1. Jenny Lake. Scenic cruises, shuttle service,Jenny Lake. fishing June 8 8:00 a.m. – 6:00 p.m. Open boat rentals. water levels. date is subject to – Sept. 12. Closing Call 733-2703. Mountaineering of American Mountaineering section. Moose Village Shop & Tackle General Store 7:00 a.m. – 11:00 a.m. Lunch noon – 3:00 p.m. Dinner 5:00 – 8:45 p.m., June 12 – Sept. 5. Moose Pizza & Pasta Company p.m., June 15 – Sept. 15; 11:30 a.m. – 6:30 p.m., Sept. 15 – June 15, with pizza to go service. Families welcome. Gift Shop a.m. – 6:00 p.m. Firewood hours 8:00 Winter machine. available. ATM Spirits selection of wines. Open daily 10:00 a.m. – Large 11:00 p.m. June 1 – Sept. 14; 10:00 a.m. – 7:00 p.m., Sept. 15 – June 1. Sports Equipment Rentals Repairs Sports – Bicycle, canoe and kayak rentals. and accessories. 8:00 a.m. – 8:00 p.m., May 1 – October 15. 733-3307. Fishing camping equipment. 8:00 a.m. – 6:00 p.m., May 1 – Sept. 30. 733-3699. Fishing licenses available year-round. Mountaineering Shop a.m. – 8:00 p.m. summer. X Ranch Triangle Moose WY Box 120T, Call 307-733-2183. Write 83012. A dude ranch (weekly; American Plan) with horseback riding, hikes, float trips, western cook- outs, meals, fishing, dancing, & other western ranch activities for ranch guests. May 20 – Nov. skiing, activities include cross-country 10. Winter snowmobiling, snowshoeing & sightseeing. American Plan includes lodging, meals and 31. guides. December 26– March Science School Teton Field Natural History Seminars cabins located on the Snake River. Year-round cabins located on the Snake River. fully equipped kitchens, hand-crafted availability, lodgepole furnishings. Restaurants Sept. 12. 8:00 a.m. – 6:00 p.m. Guided fly-fish- Sept. 12. 8:00 a.m. – 6:00 ing trips. Call 733-3471. Dornans at Moose Call 307-733-2415. www.dor- Open all year. call 733-2522 or nans.com For accommodations Box 39, Moose WY write Spur Ranch Cabins, 83012. Accommodations Grand Teton National Park All Wyoming Area Codes are 307 432 N OTES : Ultimate Wyoming AtlasandTravel Encyclopedia