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OLYMPIC TEXTBOOK of MEDICINE in SPORT 9781405156370 1 A01.Qxd 6/12/08 11:09 AM Page Ii 9781405156370 1 A01.Qxd 6/12/08 11:09 AM Page Iii 9781405156370_1_A01.qxd 6/12/08 11:09 AM Page i OLYMPIC TEXTBOOK OF MEDICINE IN SPORT 9781405156370_1_A01.qxd 6/12/08 11:09 AM Page ii 9781405156370_1_A01.qxd 6/12/08 11:09 AM Page iii OLYMPIC TEXTBOOK OF MEDICINE IN SPORT VOLUME XIV OF THE ENCYCLOPAEDIA OF SPORTS MEDICINE AN IOC MEDICAL COMMISSION PUBLICATION EDITED BY PROFESSOR MARTIN P. SCHWELLNUS, MBBCh, MSc, MD A John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Publication 9781405156370_1_A01.qxd 6/12/08 11:09 AM Page iv This edition first published 2008, © 2008 International Olympic Committee Published by Blackwell Publishing Ltd Blackwell Publishing was acquired by John Wiley & Sons in February 2007. Blackwell’s publishing program has been merged with Wiley’s global Scientific, Technical and Medical business to form Wiley-Blackwell. Registered office: John Wiley & Sons Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK Editorial offices: 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, OX4 2DQ, UK The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030-5774, USA For details of our global editorial offices, for customer services and for information about how to apply for permission to reuse the copyright material in this book please see our website at www.wiley.com/wiley- blackwell The right of the author to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except as permitted by the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, without the prior permission of the publisher. 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The contents of this work are intended to further general scientific research, understanding, and discussion only and are not intended and should not be relied upon as recommending or promoting a specific method, diagnosis, or treatment by physicians for any particular patient. The publisher and the author make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this work and specifically disclaim all warranties, including without limitation any implied warranties of fitness for a particular purpose. In view of ongoing research, equipment modifications, changes in governmental regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to the use of medicines, equipment, and devices, the reader is urged to review and evaluate the information provided in the package insert or instructions for each medicine, equipment, or device for, among other things, any changes in the instructions or indication of usage and for added warnings and precautions. Readers should consult with a specialist where appropriate. The fact that an organization or Website is referred to in this work as a citation and/or a potential source of further information does not mean that the author or the publisher endorses the information the organization or Website may provide or recommendations it may make. Further, readers should be aware that Internet Websites listed in this work may have changed or disappeared between when this work was written and when it is read. No warranty may be created or extended by any promotional statements for this work. Neither the publisher nor the author shall be liable for any damages arising herefrom. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data The Olympic textbook of medicine in sport / edited by Martin Schwellnus. p. ; cm. – (Encyclopaedia of sports medicine ; v. 14) “An IOC Medical Commission publication in collaboration with the International Federation of Sports Medicine.” Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 978-1-4051-5637-0 (alk. paper) 1. Sports medicine. I. Schwellnus, Martin. II. IOC Medical Commission. III. International Federation of Sports Medicine. IV. Series. [DNLM: 1. Sports Medicine. 2. Athletic Injuries. 3. Athletic Performance. QT 13 E257 1988 v.14] RC1210.O46 2008 617.1’027–dc22 2008005042 ISBNs: 978-1-4051-5637-0; 978-1-4051-9077-0 (leather bound) A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Set in 9/12 pt Palatino by Graphicraft Limited, Hong Kong Printed and bound in Malaysia by Vivar Printing Sdn Bhd 1 2008 9781405156370_1_A01.qxd 6/12/08 11:09 AM Page v Contents List of Contributors, vii 3 The Overtraining Syndrome: Diagnosis and Management, 138 Foreword, x romain meeusen Preface, xi 4 Clinical Exercise Testing and Assessment of Athletes, 160 1 General Principles of Training, 1 robert u. newton, paul b. laursen michael i. lambert, wayne viljoen, and warren young andrew bosch, alan j. pearce and mark sayers 5 Clinical Myology in Sports Medicine, 200 wayne e. derman, martin p. 2 Adaptations to Training, 49 schwellnus, dale e. rae, yumna albertus-kajee and michael i. lambert Introduction, 49 iñigo mujika 6 Sports Cardiology, 232 Models of fatigue, 49 christos kasapis and paul d. shona halson and iñigo mujika thompson Neuromuscular adaptations to training, 67 7 Sports Pulmonology, 268 nicholas a. ratamess and mikel joseph cummiskey, kai-håkon izquierdo carlsen, keun-youl kim, conleth Metabolic adaptations to training, 78 feighery, andrew green, fabio john a. hawley and gustavo pigozzi, walter canonica, vito a. nader brusasco, stefano del giacco, Endocrine adaptations to training, 87 sergio bonini and matteo bonini michael kjÆr, simon doessing and 8 Endocrinology, 302 katja peltola mjØsund jeffrey m. anderson, thomas h. Cardiorespiratory adaptations to training, 93 trojian and william j. kraemer darren e.r. warburton, a. william sheel and donald c. mckenzie 9 Dermatology, 326 brian b. adams Adaptations of bone and connective tissue to training, 111 10 Exercise and Infections, 344 pekka kannus, riku nikander, harri martin p. schwellnus, austin jeans, sievänen and iñigo mujika sello motaung and jeroen swart v 9781405156370_1_A01.qxd 6/12/08 11:09 AM Page vi vi contents 11 Gastrointestinal System and Exercise: A 16 Environmental Sports Medicine, 444 Clinical Approach to Gastrointestinal timothy d. noakes, tamara Problems Encountered in Athletes, 365 hew-butler and ross tucker martin p. schwellnus and john wright 17 Drugs in Sport, 482 don h. catlin, gary green and 12 Exercise and the Kidney, 375 caroline k. hatton brian rayner and martin p. 18 Emergency Sports Medicine, 504 schwellnus lucy-may holtzhausen and chris hanna 13 Obstetrics and Gynecology, 390 raul artal and susan 19 Genetics and Sports Participation, 548 hoffstetter kyriacos i. eleftheriou and hugh e. montgomery 14 Neurologic Problems in Sport, 412 paul mccrory 20 Sports Nutrition: Practical Guidelines for the Sports Physician, 580 15 Medical Care of the Disabled Athlete, 429 louise m. burke douglas b. mckeag and chris klenck Index, 601 9781405156370_1_A01.qxd 6/12/08 11:09 AM Page vii List of Contributors BRIAN B. ADAMS MD, MPH, Department of WALTER CANONICA MD, Department of Dermatology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, Allergy and Respiratory Disease Clinic, Department of USA, and Veterans Administration Medical Center, Internal Medicine, Genoa University, Genoa, Italy Cincinnati, OH, USA KAI-HÅKON CARLSEN MD, PhD, University YUMNA ALBERTUS-KAJEE Bsc(Med), of Oslo, Norwegian University of Sport and Physical UCT/MRC Research Unit for Exercise Science and Education, Oslo, Norway Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, DON H. CATLIN MD, Department of Molecular South Africa and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Anti-Doping Research, Inc., Los Angeles, CA, USA JEFFREY M. ANDERSON MD, Division of Athletics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA JOSEPH CUMMISKEY MD, The Blackrock Clinic, Blackrock, Dublin, Ireland RAUL ARTAL MD, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women’s Health, St. Louis University, STEFANO DEL GIACCO MD, Policlinico School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA Universitario, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, Italy MATTEO BONINI MD, IRCCS San Raffaelo, Rome, Italy WAYNE E. DERMAN MBChB, PhD, UTC/MRC Research Unit for Exercise Science and Sports SERGIO BONINI MD, IRCCS San Raffaello, Medicine, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Rome, Italy Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa ANDREW BOSCH PhD, UCT/MRC Research SIMON DOESSING MD, Institute of Sports Unit for Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital at Bispebjerg, Department of Human Biology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark Cape Town, South Africa KYRIACOS I. ELEFTHERIOU MBBS, VITO BRUSASCO MD, Department of Internal MRCS(Ed), UCL Centre for Health and Human Medicine, Genoa University, Genoa, Italy Performance, Royal Free and University
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