Finding an interpretation under which Axiom 2 of Aristotelian syllogistic is False and the other axioms True (ignoring Axiom 3, which is derivable from the other axioms). This will require a domain of at least two objects.
In the domain {0,1} there are four ordered pairs: <0,0>, <0,1>, <1,0>, and <1,1>.
Note first that Axiom 6 demands that any member of the domain not in the set assigned to E must be in the set assigned to I. Thus if the set {<0,0>} is assigned to E, then the set {<0,1>, <1,0>, <1,1>} must be assigned to I. Similarly for Axiom 7.
Note secondly that Axiom 3 demands that
The problem now is to make Axiom 2 False without falsifying Axiom 1 as well. The solution requires some experimentation.
Here is one interpretation (call it I) under which all the Axioms except Axiom 2 are True:
Domain: {0,1}
A: {<1,0>}
E: {<0,0>, <1,1>}
I: {<0,1>, <1,0>}
O: {<0,0>, <0,1>, <1,1>}
It’s easy to see that Axioms 4 through 7 are True under I. Is Axiom 1 True under I?
Well, Axiom 1 says that if
Is Axiom 2 False under I?
Axiom 2 say that if