Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2019) 8(4): 2758-2761

International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 8 Number 04 (2019) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com

Original Research Article https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2019.804.321

Ethno-Veterinary Practices Adaptation for Management of Poultry Diseases in District

S. Vinothraj1*, P. Alagesan2 and M. Siva2

1Animal Science, 2Home Science, ICAR-Krishi Vigyan Kendra (Myrada), Erode District, TamilNadu-638453,

*Corresponding author

ABSTRACT

K e yw or ds A study was conducted to assess the ethno veterinary practices adopted by rural chicken

farmers for management of important diseases in native chickens was conducted in eight New Castle disease, Ethno -Veterinary villages involving 320 backyard poultry farmers in T.N. Palayam, Gobi and H erbs and Backyard block of Erode district, . The results indicated that majority of the rural chicken chicken farmers used ethno-veterinary Herbs like Pepper, Black mustard, Kilanelli,

Article Info Seeragam, Venkayam,Manjal, Vasambu, Kasakasa and Vembu for the management of

chickens suffering from ND, Fowl pox, Ectoparasite infestation, Fever, Enteritis and Accepted: wound. It was concluded that ethno- veterinary practices have been found to be widely

20 March 2019 used by rural chicken farmers in Erode district of Tamil Nadu. Available Online: 10 April 2019

Introduction acceptable and ecologically sound. Ethno- Veterinary is a branch of science deals with In India backyard poultry rearing is old as its the study of traditional knowledge, methods, civilization, required small space, low capital skills and practices are used for treating investment, quick return and well distributed various ailments of animals (McCorkle, turnover throughout the year make poultry 1986). However, economic dependence on farming remunerative. Due to livestock, lack of effective veterinary commercialization of native chicken farming infrastructure, etc. have forced the local in India, the incidence of infectious diseases farmers even today to apply their indigenous like Newcastle disease and fowl pox is knowledge to look after and maintain their increasing. In order to control various poultry livestock population. Hence, the present work diseases, ethno-veterinary medicine is widely is perhaps the detailed record on Ethno- practiced by poor village farmers. The use of Veterinary practices which was followed by ethno veterinary medicine can be considered Village farmers to manage Poultry diseases in sustainable as it is economical, culturally Erode district of Tamil Nadu. 2758

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Study area information included with the local name, parts used, preparation methods and mode of The present study is carried in eight villages administration and allopathic treatment involving 320 backyard poultry farmers in procedures for treating the Poultry diseases T.N.Palayam, Gobi and Anthiyur block of also collected. Preferential ranking technique Erode district, Tamil Nadu. Erode District lies (RBQ) was utilized to identify the Adaptation on the extreme north of Tamil Nadu. It is practices followed by farmers for treating the bounded mostly by Karnataka State and also poultry diseases. River Palar covers pretty long distance. To the East lies Namakkal and Karur Districts. Results and Discussion Dindigal District is its immediate neighbour to the South and on the West; it has The results indicated that majority of the rural and Nilgiri Districts, as its chicken farmers used ethno-veterinary boundaries. Thus Erode District is essentially medicines for the management of chickens a land-locked area having no sea-cost of its suffering from major diseases like ND, Fowl own. Erode District situated at between 10 pox and ectoparasite infestation. The present 36” and 11 58” North Latitude and between study Ethno-Veterinary Herbal Medicines 76 49” and 77 58” East Longitude. The region practices were comparable with most of the comprised in the district can be portrayed as a earlier reports: Allium cepa is having many long undulating plain gently sloping towards therapeutic properties like anti-inflammatory, the river Cauvery in the south-east. The two antiseptic, antispasmodic and diuretic activity major tributaries of river Cauvery viz. (Kumar et al., 2010). Patel et al., (2011) Bhavani and Noyyal drain the long stretch of reported that P. amarus showed a wide mountains in the north. A part of the eastern spectrum of pharmacological activities boundary of the district is formed by river including antiviral, antibacterial and anti- Cauvery, entering the district from Salem and inflammatory properties. Cumin and its active flowing in a southern direction. constituents used as antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and immune Materials and Methods modulation (Kaur and Sharma, 2012; Singh et al., 2017). Arthanari Eswaran et al., 2018 The survey was conducted during the year of study reported that Phyllanthus amarus - 2018-2019. Ethno-veterinary information was 100g of whole plant, Cuminum cyminum-25g gathered from all categories of village level of seeds and Allium cepa pulp-10 numbers backyard poultry farmers by direct contact. were taken and ground along with jaggery in Medicinal plants survey were conducted to a pasty consistency used to treat New castle mainly in Singiripalayam, Kochikallur, disease in 25 birds (Table 1). Bungalowputhur, Athani, Bhavani sagar, Kolappalur and Kavindapadi villages of In conclusion, these results showed that the Erode District. The present study data were ethno-veterinary practices play an important collected from 50 Backyard poultry farmers role in treatment of Poultry diseases in Erode with the average age of 35-70 of the study district. Further it is emphasized that backyard area who have much knowledge on medicinal chicken should also be vaccinated against plants with unstructured interview. The major diseases regularly for prevention of the interviews were conducted in the local disease. language, i.e., Tamil. Ethno-veterinary

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Table.1 Documented Ethno-veterinary practices followed by the farmers for treatment of Poultry diseases in Erode district

S. No Local Scientific Name Disease Method of preparation Adaptation Name & Administration percentage 1. Pepper Piper nigrum L. Ranikhat Grind 20 g seeds and 34.5 Disease mixed with 500 ml warm water and drench once to ranikhet disease. 2. Black Brassica nigra Grind 50 g seeds and 18.5 mustard L.Seeds mixed with 1iltre of warm water and drench once to ranikhet disease. 3. Kilanelli Phyllanthus Phyllanthus amarus 100g 47 Seeragam amarus mixed with 20 gram seeds Cuminum of Cuminum cyminum and cyminum given orally for three days. 4. Venkayam Allium cepa L. Cut pieces of small onion 40.5 given for three days 4. Manjal Curcuma longa Fowl Pox Turmeric powder mixed 75.6 L. with Neem paste for external application Neem bark @ 1kg/1000 24.4 birds to be given after soaking in water, over night and Neem leaves as top dressing. 5. Vasambu Acorus calamus Ectoparasite Acorus calamus is ground 45 L Infestation and then applied over the affected area of the skin in hen 6. Nochi- Vitex negundo L. Smoke of notchi leaf is to 55 Leaves control the ectoparasities 7. Venkayam Allium cepa L. Fever Fresh onion stem are - given internally for parasites or fever to hen. 8. Kasakasa Papaver Enteritis Paste of seeds (100 g) is - somniferum L. administrated to treat the enteritis and gastroenteritis. 9. Vembu Azadirachta Wound Neem oil is used for - indica A. Juss. wound healing

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Ethno veterinary medicine is a natural and and Pharmaceutical Research, 2010; economical method to treat many diseases 2(1):283-291. under field conditions (Sribalaji and McCorkle CM. An Introduction to ethno- Vikramachakravarthi, 2010; Sakthi Priya and Veterinary research and development. Gopala Krishna Murthy, 2017). Journal of Ethnobiology, 1986; 6: 129-149. References Patel JR, Tripathi P, Sharma V, Chauhan NS, Dixit VK. Phyllanthus amarus: Arthanari Eswaran M, Mekala P, Vadivoo VS Ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry and Sukumar K. Incidence of and pharmacology: A review. Journal Newcastle disease in desi chicken and of Ethnopharmacology, 2011; its control through ethno veterinary 138:286-313. medicines. Journal of Pharmacognosy Sakthi Priya M, Gopala Krishna Murthy TR. and Phytochemistry, 2018; 7(6): 1418- Constraints Encountered by Farmers 1419. in Adopting Ethno Veterinary Kumar KPS, Bhowmik D, Chiranjib, Practices in Desi Bird Rearing in and Biswajit, Tiwari P. Allium cepa: A Around Rural Areas of Namakkal traditional medicinal herb and its District. Indian Veterinary Journal, health benefits. Journal of Chemical 2017; 94(10):42-45.

How to cite this article:

Vinothraj, S., P. Alagesan and Siva, M. 2019. Ethno-Veterinary Practices Adaptation for Management of Poultry Diseases in Erode District. Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci. 8(04): 2758- 2761. doi: https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2019.804.321

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