PAN AFRICAN VISIONS MARKETING AFRICAN SUCCESS STORIES & MORE MAG 0619 Vol 2, June 2019 www.panafricanvisions.com The Dream Gets Closer To Reality -What The AfCFTA Could Mean For Africa

UNCTAD’s Joy Kategekwa On The Game Changing Prospects of The AfCFTA

Cote d’Ivoire’s Second Miracle & AGOA Forum With Ambassador Haidara Mamadou

What Can the D.R. Congo Hero to Villain? President A Legacy Dismantled: The bring to the EAC Block? Weah and Realities of Root Cause of Khama-Masisi Governance in Liberia Rift in Botswana PAN-AFRICAN PRO-AFRICAN

www.centurionlg.com Contents PAN AFRICAN VISIONs CONTENTS A Harbinger of Hope In The AFCFTA______2 A Legacy Dismantled: The Root Cause of Khama-Masisi Rift __ 30 Dreams of a United Africa See Big Boost Continent Kicks Off Rwanda France Honeymoon: Franco-Rwandan Cultural Centre To World's Largest Trading Bloc______3 Be Reopened In Kigali______32 The African Trade Deal Could Boost Economies Despite Challeng- Six million people to face food insecurity in South Sudan – UN es______4 Agencies warn______33 The AFCFTA Will Have A Game Changing Impact The Whole Con- South Sudan appeals for $12 M to boost Ebola dispersal, prepared- tinent-Dr. Joy Kategekwa______7 ness______34 Head, UNCTAD Regional Office for Africa______7 Nigerians expectations from Buhari's "next level" themed second term. ______36 In AGOA Forum Cote d'Ivoire Seeks To Cement Role As Regional Economic Hub______13 Role of Women in Conflict Management and Peace Building in Afri- ca.______37 "To integrate Africa, bring down the walls," Adesina urges at 2019 African Development Bank Annual Meetings Open in Malabo__ 16 Swedish Journalist recounts her horrible experience in the Rwan- dan Genocide______39 MAKING AFRICA TRADE EASY (MATE) ______17 Zoom On The Shocking Figures And Tragic Consequences Of Illicit "The African Diaspora linking U.S. and African businesses"___ 17 Finance On Africa______40 HIGH LEVEL DIALOGUE______17 Federalism, local government autonomy and the crisis of identity in DR Congo seeks EAC membership: What could it bring in the Nigeria______44 bloc?______18 Liberia economic protest; First Litmus test for President George Despite challenges, Africa's debt is still under control says African Weah ______46 Development Bank______19 Africa and United Nations Peace Keeping Crisis______47 The problem of Nigeria is not borrowing – Amaechi______22 Austerity Measures in Zimbabwe Should Be a Major Concern for Malawi: Opposition leaders keep protesting election results___ 25 All ______49 Why Rwanda-Uganda row would make ordinary citizens suffer Of Resource Looting, Power, and Corruption in the SADC In Min- longer ______26 ing Sector______52 -Rwandan-Ugandan relations will likely remain poor for the dura- What image best befits the Church in Kenya?______54 tion of 2019______26 WorldRemit launches new product for business payments to Nige- Q & A with Rear Admiral Seth Amoama, Chief of Naval Staff, Gha- ria______56 na Navy______29

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PAV - APR. 2019 - MAG 0419 Vol 3 1 PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Inside Africa A Harbinger of Hope In The AFCFTA By Ajong Mbapndah L nveiled in Kigali, complex, and unbelievably it is a serious problem. Rwanda, in March cumbersome, the alacrity When African leaders are U2018, the African with which the AFCFTA was quick to send condolence Continental Free Trade ratified gives a reason to hope. messages when incidents Agreement went into force Between ratification and take place in Europe, but no on 30 May 2019 following successful implementation, one says thing when tragedy ratification by the requisite there remains a very wide strikes Zimbabwe, Malawi number of countries. Signed gulf. or Mozambique, there is a by 52 of the 55 African As of now, Nigeria the problem. nations, the AFCFTA has regional power in Africa, the It is in the best interest been the subject of rave most populous country in of Africa to be proactive reviews. Experts say the the continent and the biggest in seeking solutions to its agreement represents the economy is yet to adhere problems. When this is biggest free trade area in the to the agreement. It is yet done, the kind of outside world since the advent of the another clear abdication of interference that does not WTO in 1995. leadership from President always put the interest of It is expected that the Buhari’s country. Should Africa first is avoided. If in AFCTA will cover more than Nigeria not have been the the 21st century, the world 1.2 billion people with a one taking the lead in the football governing body combined GDP of some $3 negotiations? Should that Ajong Mbapndah L, Managing Editor FIFA can still take over trillion. Key components country not have been the management of the of the agreement include a amongst the first to ratify it made and even distinguished will of the existing leaders Confederation of African single continental market and set the example for the personalities like business to see reforms that will Football because of poor for goods and services, free rest of Africa? How much mogul Aliko Dangote and move the continent forward. leadership and management, movement of capital, and more time is needed by them former Nigerian Minister An agreement that has, there is something profoundly a commitment by member to review the agreement of Economy Ngozi Okonjo from commencement of wrong somewhere . countries to reduce about before putting pen to paper? Iweala have had challenges negotiations (February 2016) In the AfCFTA, there 90% of tariffs on goods they In case Nigeria does not using their own AU Passports to adoption (March 2018) – is hope that Africa is produce. come on board, Africa has in some parts of the continent. taken a little over two years approaching a new dawn, The agreement creates a to move on. No one leader If Dangote with all the wealth – is demonstration of strong and this issue of the magazine single continental market or country should hold the and investments across political will says Dr. Joy has a fairly strong focus on for goods and services as continent hostage. A look at Africa has difficulties moving Kategekwa, of the UNCTAD trade. There are interviews well as a customs union with the trends in the last decade freely within the continent, Regional Office for Africa. with Dr. Joy Kategekwa free movement of capital, or so will indicate that more then there is a very serious Hopefully this political will is Head, UNCTAD Regional and business travelers. often than not, the much- problem, and this must be sustained all the way. Office for Africa on the Countries joining AFCFTA needed leadership has not speedily addressed. meaning and potentials of the must commit to removing come from Nigeria or South At the time the AFCFTA is As the continent basks AfCFTA , and Cote d’Ivoire’s tariffs on at least 90% of the Africa which are supposed to going into force, two of the in the glow of the AFCFTA, Ambassador to Washington, goods they produce. The be the continental leaders but top signatories Rwanda and we must not loose site of Haidara Mamadou on the Economic Commission on from smaller countries. Uganda have been engaged the enormous challenges upcoming AGOA Forum, and Africa estimates that with the Beyond lofty ideas and in a battle of their own with that the continent still faces. the investment climate in his AFCFTA, intra Africa trade treaties, a bigger problem its borders currently shut. When the government of country. We explore what the could see a surge of some has been the absence of the In the Central African sub President George Weah in D.R. Congo could bring to the 52.3% by 2022 or so. political will to implement region, earlier accords signed Liberia orchestrates the East African Community, the Indeed, going by the existing accords. A few years for the free circulation of shutdown of internet during travails of President George audacious projections, the back, still in Rwanda, the goods, services and people anti government protests, Weah in Liberia, the vicious AFCFTA has every potential African Union passport was have remained fallow. There we, have an issue. When feud in Botswana between to be the game changer that launched and the first few are a myriad of reasons to the rest of Africa can afford President Mokgweetsi Masisi Africa has been waiting for. copies distributed to a few be skeptical not about the to sit idly by while the Biya and his predecessor Ian In a continent where even dignitaries. As of today, not potentials that the AFCFTA regime wreaks havoc in the Khama, and more. Happy the simplest things are often much progress has been represents, but the political English-speaking regions, Reading!!

Pan African Visions MAGAZINE, 7614 Green Willow Court, Hyattsville,MD 20785 Tel:2404292177, email: [email protected], [email protected] 2 PAV - JUN 2019 - MAG 0619 Vol 2 Inside Africa Inside Africa PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Dreams of a United Africa See Big Boost As Continent Kicks Off World's Largest Trading Bloc By Amos Fofung

The African leaders during AU Summit for the agreement to establish the African Continental Free Trade Area in Kigali, Rwanda, on March 21, 2018.AFP,Getty Images.

he African Union has 2019 & begin the journey of Benin, Eritrea, and Nigeria Synopsis of the Africa enhance competitiveness at taken a giant step of transformation to secure due to concerns raised by Continental Free Trade the industry and enterprise Ttowards unifying inclusive prosperity,” said the local businesses. However, Agreement, AfCFTA level through exploiting Africa by successfully putting African Union Commissioner in recent weeks, Nigeria has According to its underlying opportunities for full-scale in place the world’s largest for Trade and Industry, made known its intentions to documents, the AfCFTA will production. trading bloc; The African Albert Muchanga. join the roaring train, a much create a single continental It will also enforce Continental Free Trade Area, As at now, some 52 out of welcome gestures especially market for goods and the establishment of the AfCFTA. the continent’s 55 countries as the West African country services; enhance free Continental Customs Union As the continent gears up have signed the free trade stands as an economic giant movement of business and the African customs to launch the free market agreement with the exception in the continent. persons and investments; union, expedite the regional come July 7, more and more and continental integration heads of states are cuing in to processes and exploit sign and ratify the agreement opportunities for scale putting in force the market. production, continental Once launched, Africa will market access and better enter into force as the single reallocation of resources. largest free trade market If successfully since the formation of the implemented, the AfCFTA World Trade Organization, will unite the over 1.2 billion WTO. African population with a “Historic milestone! combined gross domestic #AfCFTA Agreement has product (GDP) of more than today come into force. We $2.5 trillion to remove tariffs celebrate the triumph of on 90 per cent of goods, bold, pragmatic & continent- with 10 per cent of “sensitive wide commitment to items” to be phased in later. economic integration. We We need to summon the required political will for the African Continental Free Experts on African launch market on 7 July, Trade Area to finally become a reality says AU Chair Moussa Faki. economic affairs have PAV - JUN 2019 - MAG 0619 Vol 2 3 PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Inside Africa

Ghana in 2007. be a step towards a United tariff-free access to a huge The agenda was to debate State of Africa, many remain and unified market will the creation of the Union skeptical. encourage manufacturers Government that will lead In 2018, leaders of 44 and service providers to to the formation of the African countries met in leverage economies of scale; United States of Africa as Kigali, Rwanda›s capital city an increase in demand will adopted by a 2006 study. and endorsed the AfCFTA. instigate an increase in The study proposed a single Since then 52 countries have production, which in turn will African military force, a joined in. lower unit costs. Consumers single currency and a single The agreement creates a will pay less for products passport for Africans. single market that removes and services as businesses Face2Face Africa writes trade barriers says Hafsatu expand operations and hire expressed optimism with the Organization of African that “the heated debate in Lawal Garba, one of the additional employees. the agreement that was first Unity, OAU, several setbacks Accra failed to institute the researchers who worked on Though all agree that the introduced in January 2012 prevented the realization Union Government but the AfCFTA. AfCFTA could change Africa’s during the 18th Ordinary of its objectives with some the heads of state agreed By removing barriers, economic fortunes, concerns Session of the Assembly stating that the AU was “over to accelerate political and it will allow Africa owned remain that implementation of Heads of State and ambitious.” economic integration, companies and businessmen could be the agreement’s Government of the African With the burning desire strengthen the organs and to expand and enter new weakest link. Union, that took place in and a vision to maintain institutions of the AU and then markets. This, in turn, widens “We need to summon Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. integration of all Africans set a timeframe to establish a their customer base, leading the required political will on the continent, 44 years Union Government with the to new products and services. for the African Continental The United State of after the attempt to create a involvement of Africans and «The agreement Free Trade Area to finally Africa; AU’s overdue Union Government during the diaspora.” will result in the socio- become a reality,” said AU dream the founding of the OAU, the Though economist strongly economic development, Commission chairperson Though the dream of opportunity came up once agree that a successful industrialization, and Moussa Faki Mahamat, at the a unified Africa has long again at the 9th Ordinary implementation of the diversification on the African launch in Kigali. lingered on AU’s agenda back Session of the newly formed African Continental Free continent,» Garba told CNN. when the institution was still African Union (AU) in Accra, Trade Area Agreement will Economists believe that The African Trade Deal Could Boost Economies Despite Challenges By Jean-Pierre Afadhali

he Africa’s landmark AfCFTA among other issues. trade deal that has Data from the United Tentered into force Nation Economic recently created the largest Commission for Africa trade block in the world (UNECA) show that AfCFTA by member countries, it is will cover a market of 1.2 expected to create single billion people and a gross continental market, boost domestic product (GDP) of intra-African trade, and $2.5 trillion, across all 55 grows African economies. member States of the African The African Continental Union. Free Trade Area (AFCFTA) The trade block will be the is meant to form a single world’s largest free trade area continental market for by member countries since goods and services, boost the formation of the World free movement of business Trade Organization. persons and investments to We have to make it work and we know how says President Paul Kagame of According to Africa pave the way for accelerating Rwanda. Development Bank estimates the establishment of the and the African customs Next month African Union Niamey, Niger to launch of (AFDB), AFCFTA will continental Customs Union Union. (AU) will hold a summit in the implementation phase of increase intra-Africa trade 4 PAV - JUN 2019 - MAG 0619 Vol 2 Inside Africa Inside Africa PAN AFRICAN VISIONs

by 15 percent and lead to a Nigeria, the biggest economy net increase of $2.8Bn in real on the continent could hinder income for Africans. AFCFTA. Data from the Pan-African However, there are actions Trade observatory show to convince the economic intra-African trade is still giant to join the largest trade very low in relation to other block. regions. “Nigeria was actually For instance in 2016 intra- very engaged during the African trade was estimated negotiations but made the at 16 percent while in Europe mistake of not keeping its it was around 67 percent. private sector on the loop.” Despite AfCFTA’s Ms. Escudero explained potential to boost trade “A successful negotiation on the continent, some should also be done in close experts say the successful collaboration with the private implementation will depend sector.” on the participation of Experts say the private business people, political sector is the major beneficiary leaders to deal with trade of the trade agreement that’s challenges that most regional Led by President Buhari, Nigeria is still to sign and ratify the ACFTA. why it should be involved in economic blocks face. talks. Speaking on the ratification want to maximize on the poor trade logistics, security African Community] level, Ms. Escudero believes progress of the AfCFTA in opportunities for the benefit risks and rising populism and what makes you think that the case of Nigeria to isolate March during Africa CEO of our continent. But we have nationalism. they will do it at pan-African private sector in AFCTA forum, a continental business to make it work and we know Ms. Ecudero noted that level?,” she posed. negotiations could be a lesson summit that brings together how.” regional integration will play The agreement has learned for many countries. CEOs of leading companies The trade agreement has a key to the smooth operation been ratified by twenty- Standards harmonization in Africa, Rwanda’s President been welcomed by many on of AFCTA, adding some two African countries, According to the senior Paul Kagame said skepticism the continent with hope to countries who are member but implementation will market analyst from that the CFTA may not work transform regional trade that states in various economic be gradual; according to ITC, working on the should be informed by the is often hampered by tariffs communities don’t respect media reports countries harmonization of standards fact that CFTA does not solve and non-tariff barriers. the agreements they signed. are negotiating tariff will be the biggest challenge problems until people make According to Ines Escudero, “With no regional schedules, rules of origin, to concretely take the most of it work. Senior Market Analyst at integration the impact of and commitments for service the AfCFTA. “We don’t expect to put a International Trade Centre any trade agreement will be sectors. “With the disparity of mechanism and expect it to (ITC), other key obstacles minimal.” Ms. Ecudero said in AU hopes the progressive African economies and work; it needs an effort that AFCTA could face include an interview. “If countries do elimination of tariffs will help capacity development, people will have to undertake the production similarities not compromise to integrate boost intra-Africa trade by 60 this will not be easy but, if to make it work. Nobody is among countries, the lack of their value chains and percent by 2022. standards harmonization is questioning whether CFTA is diversification resulting in facilitate trade at Tripartite, While the trade deal not tackled in a practical way, the right way to go or whether a mismatch between supply COMESA [ Common Market has raised hopes for the the AfCFTA will probably it is going to give us benefits. and demand, inefficient for Eastern and Southern continent’s robust economic be only a nice statement of It is the only way to go if we transport infrastructure, Africa] or even EAC [ East growth, the absence of intentions.”

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6 PAV - JUN 2019 - MAG 0619 Vol 2 Inside Africa Inside Africa PAN AFRICAN VISIONs The AFCFTA Will Have A Game Changing Impact On The Whole Continent-Dr. Joy Kategekwa Head, UNCTAD Regional Office for Africa By Ajong Mbapndah L am optimistic, that What next is that countries we are on to a game will complete the unfinished “Ichanging page in the business of market access prospects of trade improving negotiations on trade in goods the lives of ordinary Africans and services according to the and achieving progress on agreed AfCFTA negotiating meeting Africa’s Agenda modalities in order to come 2063 and the UN Sustainable up with each country’s Development Goals,” says Dr respective schedule of tariff Joy Kategekwa , Head of the concessions and specific United Nations Conference commitments on trade in on Trade and Development services. Such schedules Regional Office for Africa in of commitments, as well as Addis Ababa . finalization of the rules of Responding to questions origin, are indispensable from Pan African Visions for operationalizing trade on the AFCFTA, Dr liberalization processes Kategekwa says its impact under the AfCFTA. on the continent could be In terms of what is expected profound. Dr Kategekwa to change for trade in Africa, pointed to projections from once AfCFTA liberalization We are on to a game changing page in the prospects of trade improving the the UNCTAD which indicated has become operational, it is lives of ordinary Africans ,says Dr Joy Kategekwa. that should the AfCFTA a matter of volumes, value, lead to 100 per cent tariff countries, what is your more competitive in African that are key determinants to and diversity in the export liberalisation in trade in take on this? markets – once the hoop of how markets can effectively basket - which translate into goods (alone), the continent My take is one of optimism high tariffs has been jumped function. These include diversity in production. would realise USD 16.1 billion – about the game changing through the AfCFTA. competition, investment The AfCFTA is the world’s in welfare gains, a 1 to 3 per impact of a whole continent The AfCFTA will also open and intellectual property largest free trade area of cent growth in GDP, a 1.2 per that dismantles barriers to markets for intra-African rights. The sum total is a our time. It brings together cent increase in employment, intra-African trade. For way trade in services, a sector scope that is comprehensive 55 African countries with a 33 per cent increase in too long have analysts decried that plays a leading role and suitable to the quest for a market of more than 1.2 intra-African exports and a the low levels of intra-African in all African economies – boosting intra-African trade billion people and a combined 50 per cent reduction in trade trade. These low levels are evidenced in gross domestic and strengthening African GDP of more than US$3.4 deficit. worrisome especially from product contributions, as integration. trillion. It is expected that the “An agreement that the perspective of Africa well as the growing amount of Overall, I am optimistic, AfCFTA will increase intra- has, from commencement losing out on the benefits of services exports from Africa. that we are on to a game African trade by 52.3 per of negotiations (February international trade changing The AfCFTA has teeth – a changing page in the cent through the elimination 2016) to adoption (March ordinary lives through regime on dispute resolution prospects of trade improving of tariff and non-tariff 2018) taken a little over two economic empowerment. – which will strengthen the lives of ordinary Africans barriers. These numbers years is demonstration of The AfCFTA promises to set trade governance and and achieving progress on are results of simulations by strong political will,” says Dr in motion the application accountability in Africa. The meeting Africa’s Agenda senior experts at the United Kategekwa whose office has of a new body of law that AfCFTA will be overseen by 2063 and the UN Sustainable Nations – both at UNCTAD been a fulcrum of UNCTAD’s will require States Parties to a secretariat dedicated to it, Development Goals. and at the UN Regional support to the AfCFTA eliminate restrictions – laws, which should help keep an eye Economic Commission for regulations, administrative on effective implementation. With the ratification, Africa. At UNCTAD, we have The African Continental processes, that discriminate More so, the AfCFTA is what next, and in estimated that if the AfCFTA Free Trade Agreement is against the products not only about goods and concrete terms, what is leads to 100 per cent tariff now set to go into effect originating from other services. It foresees a second expected to change for liberalisation in trade in after ratification by AfCFTA States Parties. This phase of negotiations to Trade in the continent goods (alone), the continent the requisite number of will make African products tackle regulatory barriers with the AFCFTA? would realise USD 16.1 billion PAV - JUN 2019 - MAG 0619 Vol 2 7 PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Inside Africa

goods and services.

Countries of the continent are in all shapes and sizes from population, to economic potential, infrastructure development, and so on, what mechanisms does the Agreement have to ensure a level playing field for all countries? The AfCFTA is designed in what we, at UNCTAD and within the UN system – call “developmental regionalism”. Simplified – it is an approach to designing regional trade integration agreements in Dr Kategewa says the level of trade in services in Africa is growing. a manner that meets the in welfare gains, a 1 to 3 per better path to diversification important points: One that 15% for Africa’s exports to the twin objective of opening cent growth in GDP, a 1.2 per and sustainable development. intra-African trade is already rest of the world. markets while ensuring cent increase in employment, What this translates happening at encouraging Finally, there is a question industrialization, more jobs, a 33 per cent increase in to – is bigger volumes of levels (vis a vis the base of a diversified intra-African incomes and the attainment intra-African exports and a trade – a first generation period of 2012) and two: that trade export basket – with the of sustainable development. 50 per cent reduction in trade spill over of reduced tariffs/ within intra-African trade is inclusion of services – which In a continent of Africa’s deficit. This is the scenario discriminatory regulations. the first evidence of Africa’s can only strengthen Africa’s realities, there is no shortcut for goods trade. But there is also the value diversification. Evidence of economy, and in that, its to adapting what is known But as we know – the proposition. Colleagues at breaking away from the age- women, men, youth, SMEs, as global good practices to a level of trade in services in the UNECA have consistently old pattern of low value, low etc. workable outcome in context. Africa is growing. According tracked the level of intra- volume products – mostly Building on advances And so, in the case of the to UNCTADstat, Africa’s African trade. In the period agricultural commodities of in the Regional Economic AfCFTA Protocol on Trade services exports grew by up prior to 2012 (when African little, if any, value addition Communities (RECs) – the in Services for example, the to 14% in 2017, with figures presidents took the decision – as the proposition that AfCFTA will deepen economic calculus was less about how to ranging from South Africa’s to fast track the continental Africa consistently brings integration in Africa, creating liberalize trade in services for almost 16 billion US dollars to free trade area and adopted to the global stage. This is a deeper integrated African the sake of opening markets Lesotho’s 2 million US dollars. the Action Plan for Boosting very important, because a market. This is particularly alone, but more about The services sector plays a Intra-African Trade); 46% intra-African trade in important when we bear in creating a pro-development critical role in strengthening numbers floated at about manufactures tells us that mind the fact that much of loop in which the opening the continent’s leapfrogging 10-12 percent. In more manufacturing is happening the existing intra-African of services sectors was done potential to attain the recent studies, they range (albeit at the lower end); trade takes place within these in a manner that would objectives of structural from about 16 (UNECA) and that the promise of the RECs. A new legal order provide real valuable and transformation. Services even going up to about 18% AfCFTA can be a reality – if that locks this in, not only utilizable opportunities to sector growth is inescapable (UNCTAD). And so, there there is attendant investment vis a vis regional groupings SMEs, women and youth. It in raising productivity and is already an important in the enabling environment but between and amongst was about allowing countries value addition in agriculture improvement – on which the side of issues. Further, them, is exactly where the to exercise their right to (a mainstay of the African AfCFTA is expected to at least UNCTAD has indicated that first dividends of the AfCFTA regulate and introduce new economy) and industry. double. In this trade is an intra-African trade has a may be visible – in creating regulations (a right that A trade agreement that even more interesting trend. higher technological content opportunities for countries often deals with seemingly creates new opportunities That in these higher levels than extra-African trade. in Africa that currently do conflicting objectives such by removing discriminatory of intra-African trade, the The share of products traded not have any arrangements, as business opportunities on regulations and operational largest composition therein among African countries outside of the multilateral the one hand and consumer conditions for market access is of trade in manufactures with medium and high framework, to grant each protection on the other). is an urgent intervention that – going as high as 46% technological content is about other preferential tariff and It was about a choice of will set the continent on a (UNECA). This tells us two 27% as compared to a share of regulatory treatment for initial priority sectors that

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can unlock bottlenecks domestic reforms. One which related to connectivity and will have costs in transition infrastructure readiness – and implementation – yet so that the nexus between one which enjoys the highest agriculture and industry level political support across can be fully harnessed. And Africa. Its’ timeframe for yet it is also about allowing entry into force is, arguably AfCFTA states parties to a world record, judged by pace their contributions; the pace of ratifications, within those selected sectors for an agreement of this – to determine how, when scale. This speaks to Africa’s and on what conditions, determination to get the such access is granted. It is promise of trade for its about creating a one Africa people. by seeking to frontload some It could be the start of of the political momentum creation of industries of all around mobility for Africans sizes, a rising and conscious within Africa – it being well African market that gets Dr Kategewa believes that the level o commitment from African leaders has so understood that there is no confidence in continental far been strong. regional integration without products and one that gets an effective free movement longer transition period). The the sensitive and excluded the continent? empowered and independent of Africans – traders, additional category of “the products list). This is a dream come true path to development. The investors, service suppliers, exclusion list products” (3% This menu of options is for all trade and development benefits will out pass industrialists. of tariff lines) is one in which the AfCFTA’s approach to professionals. Having spent economic gain. We are on the Similarly in the case of the countries cannot accept to meeting each country, or all of my career seeking edge of a social and cultural AfCFTA Protocol on Trade in liberalize at this stage. group thereof, where it is – trade deals for Africa, transformation that will Goods, it was about shooting Also within the Agreements in terms of its development supporting Africa to shape promote brands such as make for as high an ambition of consisting of the overarching concerns. Naturally, the strategies and policies for in Africa (for investment liberalization as possible umbrella treaty, the protocol benefits of this approach, utilization and building attraction); made in Africa (90% in this case) - going on trade in goods and the itself not novel in trade capacities for knowledge and (for origin qualification) zero for zero as soon as Protocol on trade in services agreements that respond to sector development – I am pride in African products; and possible from the start of – is a variation of special development challenges, will honored to have been part ultimately, what, in the words implementation such as in and differential treatment go to those countries that get of the process of shaping the of the AU’s own development 5 years while accepting that – ranging from longer themselves ready – utilizing AfCFTA. For us as African blueprint, is aptly termed: there are sensitive sectors transition periods, provisions the space granted to create professionals in trade, it is “The Africa We Want”. A in which certain countries/ for capacity development for and strengthen productive greatly symbolic to see that final point on my assessment regions require flexibility the least developed among capacities for utilization. Africa has attained that as a professional in the field (allowing them to phase in the states parties, provisions which continues to elude the is that implementing the their commitments slower). leaving room for African For the trade world: a large scale trade AfCFTA will create a new The so-called sensitive governments to support professional that you agreement that aims for market for African Think products – will have a slower industrial development are, how much of a game deep liberalization – one Tanks – to support evidence- pace of liberalization (or a (part of the rationale for changer could this be for which will call for important based policies and strategies

PAV - JUN 2019 - MAG 0619 Vol 2 9 PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Inside Africa

for implementation. It will support of UNCTAD. This create a new generation of will allow private sector and African trade law specialists policy makers to identify and – who can support treaty resolve such barriers in the implementation proper as implementation structures well as the resolution of of the AfCFTA. The online disputes. Linked to the latter tool will be accompanied by is the need for a crop of jurists national institutions that who will need to support would be geared to address the resolution process. It the complaints raised and will have also created and remove them, so trade is strengthened the cadre of not unnecessarily hinder trade negotiators, skilled in or obstructed by non-tariff the arcane field of negotiating barriers. tariffs, non-tariff measures and trade regulations, and What impact do you being prepared for continued think the agreement negotiations in the continent could have on trade with or outside in the international countries like China, trade arena. Finally on the is the economic powerhouse implementation. The commitment of African Europe, the USA and knowledge point, there will in Africa. This would allow There has been no leaders – from the top through other foreign countries be need for more teachers it to take advantage of the shortage of lofty to technocrats that shape seeking to bolster trade to share knowledge in large opportunities to be agreements in Africa, the day to day work on the ties with Africa? our institutions on the created, yet also provide a but a missing ingredient AfCFTA, is strong. Business The purpose of the AfCFTA opportunities created in the market for African exports. has been the political and Civil Society have also is to increase intra-African AfCFTA and raise awareness. The domestic consultations, will, how committed been engaged. Across the trade. New opportunities in Curriculum development, we are informed, are do you think African board, you do get a sense of intra-African trade will do for training and capacity building ongoing and there have countries are to the a great dose of political will Africa what closer regional on trade law, economics been pronouncements, effective implementation – which will be central to integration did for Europe and and development is now to including at the highest level, of the AFCFTA? ensuring that needed reforms other large powers. African be a hot career choice for of support for the AfCFTA. An agreement that has, are prioritized at country and producers will establish professionals in Africa. This After 16 years in the business from commencement of regional level – for effective channels of production to makes me particularly proud of trade negotiations, I am negotiations (February 2016) implementation. utilize these opportunities. to see. more convinced than ever to adoption (March 2018) – These products will be of – that strong preparatory taken a little over two years Still on the level of higher value, more diversified We noticed that there work determines a steady – is demonstration of strong implementation, let’s and in bigger volumes. are a still a number and effective path to political will. The fact that take the example of Naturally, the focus on intra- of countries notable implementation. In this line the approaches adopted for Rwanda where its border African trade may be seen as Nigeria that have not of argumentation, the delay of the design of the AfCFTA with Uganda has been an inward strategy. But the yet signed it, considered Nigeria, if hinged on getting relied heavily on REC shut with unfortunate fundamentals of this being that this is the economic the domestic consultations developments and dynamics economic consequences the approach that will support powerhouse of Africa, finalized as well as the reform is a vote of confidence (read for months now, industrial development and how does the absence agenda needed to faithfully political will) in integration how could situations structural transformation, of Nigeria impact implement the Agreement, in Africa. The pace at which like this impact the are solid. the enforcement and is positive. It is true though ratifications have trickled implementation of the The AfCFTA gives effectiveness of the that there has to be a price in – is also unprecedented. AFCFTA? countries like China, Europe, agreement? for accession – which will Moreover, an extraordinary The AfCFTA will create the US what they have asked Nigeria is yet to sign onto be difficult to avoid when Summit of African Union the needed momentum for a while – clear, rules the AfCFTA and deposit its countries are not ‘Founding Heads of States and to remove obstacles to based environments of policy instrument of ratification. Members”. Like others, the Governments is scheduled for trade across Africa. At the and legal predictability in For reasons of effectiveness, call from UNCTAD, is for all July 2019 to officially launch forthcoming AU Summit, Africa. Their support will it is desirable that Nigeria African countries to take the the operational phase of the the AU will launch an Online be important in getting the joins the AfCFTA – still opportunity of the AfCFTA AfCFTA with key support Platform to report non-tariff capacity development agenda hopefully as a Founding by joining – and use all of initiatives to be unveiled barriers in the AfCFTA, that off the ground – to build Member, not least because it the available tools to support during the event. it has developed with the productive capacity for intra-

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African trade in Africa. It is Africans should not wait to important to note though, feel the impact on their lines that it is not only countries – rather, they should create but also global firms, that this impact- by engaging in could be attracted to Africa. production for export. Once Africa will be better the tariff books (or services positioned to engage with sectoral regulations) are “third countries” – thanks changed to reflect AfCFTA to the AfCFTA – whose rules preferential treatment for have particular provisions its states parties – it will be on how to manage such visible. And yet it can only relations. In the case of the be visible for those who are multilateral trading system ready to utilize. So, there will embodied in the WTO, it be no manna from heaven. is unquestionable that all For those that engage in of the important successes production or have services that have been registered for to export, the treatment Africa within the work of the received thanks to the WTO have been achieved AfCFTA – will be the occasion thanks to a united Africa – to feel the impact. And one the so called WTO Africa can imagine that such an Group. The AfCFTA stands impact would cascade down to build on that progress to communities, families, by creating clarity to the people – improving their African position on complex lives with the dividend of new issues across trade and markets. development. And this is There will be revenue important especially because losses from implementing the much of the engagement of AfCFTA. These, according Africa in the MTS has been to UNCTAD studies, will be decision into modalities Technical Partner to the will continue to support the positioned around the call in the short term. However, for negotiations. We have negotiations – and this has African Union Commission, for flexibility, special and the long-term gains outweigh provided technical studies allowed for a seamless flow and the institutional differential treatment. In the the losses. Moreover, there and options for negotiations, of support – much to the structures in place for period of WTO reform, having are in-built flexibilities to working with the technical appreciation of African Union implementation. UNCTAD’s a unified African position deal with tariff revenue teams in the AU to prepare Member States – who are on Divisions – all of which on tariffs and industry, on and welfare losses. Some of data, analysis and propose record in awarding UNCTAD have played a key role in services regulation, on non- these include compensatory options for outcomes that a certificate of appreciation supporting the negotiations tariff barriers – (the core of measures, flanking policies support developmental for the technical support in – in particular the Division trade policy etc.) will allow and adjustment measures. regionalism. The Secretary the AfCFTA negotiations. on Trade in Goods and for the articulation of a It is also worth recalling that General of UNCTAD took As we move to Niamey, Commodities, the Investment stronger voice from Africa to the loss of revenue and its a decision to establish the the Secretary General of Division, the Statistics the world. This will play a magnitude would need to be UNCTAD Regional Office UNCTAD and the President of Branch, and the Africa and positive role in the beneficial calibrated to the reality of the for Africa – which I have Niger are poised to launch the Least Developed Countries integration of Africa into the still low levels of intra-Africa the privilege to head. The continental non-tariff barrier Division – will continue to multilateral trading system. trade. Office has been a fulcrum of reporting and eliminating support implementation – UNCTAD’s support to the online mechanism before particularly as we get not There seems to be a Is there any role your AfCFTA –bringing some of Heads of State. For as only into phase II of the lot of optimism about agency played in the the world’s best minds on any trade negotiations negotiations on which we the AFCTA, at what build up to the treaty or various complex trade topics, professional will tell you – are already working with point should everyday a support role that you from headquarters, to advise there is one thing that is for the AU – but also as we shift ordinary Africans expect will be playing in its the AUC Department on sure – as tariffs go down, focus to the pressing question to feel its impact in their implementation? Trade and Industry – and to non-tariff barriers rise… of building productive lives? UNCTAD’s relationship be available in negotiating Looking ahead towards capacities…In a sense The Agreement has entered of support for trade capacity institutions to provide study implementation, UNCTAD therefore, we are very much into force and in the coming development predates the findings, data and analysis as the lead agency within the at the early stages of a long weeks, the African Union AfCFTA. We have been and overall technical support United Nations supporting road ahead… Heads of State will launch its involved, from the times to AU Members. The AU countries in developing operational phase. Ordinary of translating the political designated UNCTAD a policies for trade-led growth, PAV - JUN 2019 - MAG 0619 Vol 2 11 PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Inside Africa

12 PAV - JUN 2019 - MAG 0619 Vol 2 Inside Africa Inside Africa PAN AFRICAN VISIONs In AGOA Forum Cote d'Ivoire Seeks To Cement Role As Regional Economic Hub By Ajong Mbapndah L

elegates and visitors programme is going on and to Cote d›Ivoire for people are surprised how the Dthe AGOA Forum infrastructure network has will be pleasantly surprised been developed. at the progress his country Investment has been has made under President done in the domain of Ouattara says Ambassador education. Each major Haidara Mamadou. Speaking district of Ivory Coast now in an interview with Pan has a state university. African Visions, the Ivorian From 5 state universities Ambassador to Washington we are now heading to 10 DC said there was a general state universities. It is a big air of excitement and positive achievement. Also in terms energy in his country in the of health, each major district build up to the AGOA Forum also has a major health coming up soon. infrastructure. These, and In addition to the vast many others are some of tourism potentials of his Ambassador Haidara says with its strategic location and potential, Cote the big achievements of the d›Ivoire should be a favourite destination for Investors. country, Ambassador country with the president. Haidara touted the enormous How is the country doing schools built by the state, Pan African Visions: opportunities opened to economically, politically infrastructure, healthcare Currently, the country Pan African Visions: You investors. Located at the and socially? has been taken care of, roads is led by Alassane have been Ambassador heart of West Africa, with Ambassador Haidara: I will and port development has all Ouattara, how has he to Washington for a easy access to neighboring say the country is doing well. been taken care of under this fared as president; if while now, how will countries, Ambassador Economically, you know the new economic era. This is you were to cite some of you describe the state of Haidara said, the positive president elected in 2010, why some people are trying to the achievements he has relations between Ivory economic indicators, has instituted an economic tag it as the second miracle of recorded, what will some Coast and United States? infrastructure, enormous policy that is working well. Ivory Coast. The government of them be? Ambassador Haidara: Not potentials are an open Since then we have been is also taking care of some Ambassador Haidara: for a while, I was appointed invitation for investors to experiencing growth and this disparities, cost of living. I think there are a lot of in March 2018 for almost one consider Cote d›Ivoire as a is an indicator of the country. From this indicator of achievements that one year now. From that point to priority destination. If we want to appreciate the growth, we did not experience can talk about. In terms of now, I can say we have been economy, we have to take any inflation; the rate of infrastructure, I can say Cote experiencing a very good Pan African Visions: the growth rate which is inflation in Cote d›Ivoire has d›Ivoire is one of the most bilateral relationship. First Ambassador Haidara around 8 or 9 per cent. One been around 1 per cent per powerful energy producers of all, we began by signing Mamadou good can say growth rate is in the year. This means that we are of the continent, and we are an MoU with the U.S. Under afternoon sir and thank average of 7 per cent per year handling the pricing and the efficient in energy in terms of this MoU, Ivory Coast has put you for receiving us at for the past eight years. It is cost of living well, and it has power. We supply energy to on the table of U.S investors the Ivory Coast Embassy. a tremendous achievement been stable, and affordable Ghana, Togo, Mali, Nigeria a four billion dollars project Ambassador Haidara: for the country because we for people. and we are helping these that the U.S investors are Good afternoon and you are are in the top five of growth Politically I think the surrounding countries with very excited about this offer welcome. rate worldwide. This has been different political parties are our surplus. This is one of the and they are doing their best consistent and stable. doing their own businesses. biggest achievements. to take advantage of this Pan African Visions: Socially, the President has I think there is a long way to For roads, we have been offer. It was signed by our First, we would like put a lot in improving our go with reconciliation, but we putting almost 600 km Minister of foreign affairs and to start by getting the social environment as more are very optimistic about the in terms of new paved secretary of commerce of the developments in your than one hundred schools direction of the country. roads, 2000 roads have USA in December 2018. We country, Cote d›Ivoire. have been built, 200 high been rehabilitated and this have been beneficiary of the

Pan African Visions MAGAZINE, 7614 Green Willow Court, Hyattsville,MD 20785 Tel:2404292177, email: [email protected], [email protected] PAV - JUN 2019 - MAG 0619 Vol 2 13 PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Inside Africa MCC; almost 524.7 million dollars have been granted to Ivory Coast to recognize its big political, social and economic achievements. MCC is not granted but come like an award to recognize your achievement. We have also a good political relationship with the U.S. we are working together on the Security council; as we are one of the non- permanent members of the security council. We are very happy about the state of our relationship with the U.S.

Pan African Visions: As you rightly pointed out, the AGOA forum is coming up in Ivory Coast. What does this event mean for your Cote D has undergone an economic miracle under President Ouattara, says Ambassador Haidara. country and how is Ivory Coast preparing for the Ivory Coast will highlight preparations, what is have been done so far. I put country. What are some forum? its achievements, and it is a the mood like in Ivory some figures in terms of of the exciting sectors Ambassador Haidara: This also big opportunity for Ivory Coast? Are the people economic indicators. They that you think investors event means a lot for our Coast to promote itself as a very excited about this will see for themselves what should take a look at? country because this is an big destination for tourism, and if you have to give a has been done in terms of Ambassador Haidara: opportunity for our country economy, social matters and word to the people who infrastructure, social matters, Agriculture is very important. to introduce itself to the others. We are going to take will be coming to Ivory and political matters. Being We are a big agribusiness world. This is because in the advantage of this to attract Coast for the first time, far from the country you country. We are a big AGOA forum you have many more visitors, tourists and what should they expect? can hear of different things producer and first producer African countries coming to investments. Ambassador Haidara: but being on the ground is a of cocoa beans in the world Ivory Coast, and you have They will be very surprised, different thing. I had a chance and we produce almost four the leading country in the Pan African Visions: and I cannot have enough to talk to some investors and per cent of the world supply world, USA also coming. Talking about words to talk about what what I noticed is that all of of cocoa beans. We produce them were surprised of what around two million tons, has been achieved. This is while Ghana is produces a country doing its way and one million tons. We are the Africa can be proud if you first producer of the world have good governance. It’s in cash nuts. We produce is a matter of leadership; more than 750 000 tons responsibility and a lot will per year. 5 to 10 years ago, be done. This country has we were producing almost come a long way. 10 years 100, 000 tons. There are ago, everything was almost opportunities for investors lost. Coming from that point to come and take advantage and what has been achieved of the availability of the in a short time, any African processing of the products. In country would be proud of cocoa we are only processing what has been done. 30 per cent of our output; we need to process more as there Pan African Visions: are rooms to improve the Let’s talk a little now processing. In cashew, we are Ivanka Trump (R) unveiled financial aid for woman cocoa farmers ahead of about investment only processing 10 per cent a recent West African summit on women entrepreneurs in Ivory Coast. AFP opportunities in your of this output. There is room ISSOUF SANOGO. 14 PAV - JUN 2019 - MAG 0619 Vol 2 Inside Africa Inside Africa PAN AFRICAN VISIONs

also in terms of investment. There are lots of things that can be done in Ivory Coast. Ivory Coast wants to be a major player in the world. We have a goal to become an emerging country by 2020 and we are one year from there now. The need for investment is huge and there is also room for investment in terms of infrastructure. Investors do not need to be afraid because our debt to growth ratio is one of the lowest in the continent. We are only 47 per cent of debt to GDP. That’s a very a good figure. In the U.S, they are more than a hundred per cent of debt to ratio. Ambassador Haidara presenting his credentials to President Donald Trump.Relations between Cote d›Ivoire and the US are in good shape.

Pan African Visions: very comfortable with the was a very big expectation a last speech to investors. for investors to come to Ivory When we talk about investment climate. Good for him to deliver and I Why should they pick Coast and take advantage investment in Africa, policies attract investors to think he did that and they Ivory Coast as their of the investment climate, there are a number of come to your country and I way we have had investment investment destination? take advantage of the good complaints we hear think we have been lucky to opportunities and support Ambassador Haidara: I infrastructure, and the good from investors. We have that. from these institutions means think Ivory Coast is a hub; living conditions. It is also an hear about corruption, a lot. Working with these the investment climate is opportunity to expand your administrative Pan African Visions: institutions is an indicator very good. The asset of Ivory business from Ivory Coast bottleneck, insecurity, Before Mr. Ouattara that means you are running is located in the regions to other countries; we are infrastructure problems became president, he your country well. It is not like and Ivory Coast belongs talking about more than 100 and many others. So how had this image of a you have a good relationship to an economic zone such million inhabitants in the is the investment climate good financial reformer or personal relationship with as WAEMU, ECOWAS. In WAEMU, and 300 million for like in Ivory Coast? with his background in them but it is a matter of ECOWAS, Ivory Coast is a ECOWAS market. We want to Ambassador Haidara: the IMF, how much of judgment of your economic leading country in terms of invite the investors to come We have been tagged to be credit does he get for health. That’s important and economic structure. So it and see for themselves and one of the top 10 reformers the development that I think they (World Bank and is easy to do business with especially during the AGOA of investment climate for has taken place in Ivory IMF) are very proud of him Ivory Coast, and it is easy forum. two or three previous years Coast in the last ten and we too are proud of what to move in and out to all the now. That’s a lot as work has years? he has been doing. surrounding countries. It Pan African Visions: been done to improve the Ambassador Haidara: I means you have access to Ambassador Haidara, investment climate. There have had a chance to be at the Pan African Visions: other markets. From Ivory thanks for granting this is no perfect investment place he came from such as the Ambassador Haidara Coast you can have a 2-hour interview. climate as you have to work IMF and the World Bank and thank you very much flight to Nigeria, 45 minutes Ambassador Haidara: and we are working on it. they are very respectful of his and as we wrap up this to Ghana, 2 hours to Senegal Thank you. Merci I think the investors are achievements. I think there interview, can you make and 1 hour to Mali. It is easy

PAV - JUN 2019 - MAG 0619 Vol 2 15 PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Inside Africa "To integrate Africa, bring down the walls," Adesina urges at 2019 African Development Bank Annual Meetings Open in Malabo Adesina urged African governments to work toward the elimination of non-tariff barriers

ALABO, and less expensive access to Equatorial the Internet, and is boosting MGuinea, June 12, businesses and regional 2019/ -- African leaders on integration. Wednesday underscored In his remarks, Equatorial the urgent need to fast-track Guinea’s Finance Minister the continent’s regional Cesar Mba Abogo said: integration process in “Progress is the realisation order to accelerate Africa’s of utopia. This is a country economic transformation. of utopia in Africa, with The call was made at independence and the ability the opening ceremony of to control our own destiny. the Bank’s 2019 Annual It seemed impossible at first Meetings, in Malabo, in the last century but it Equatorial Guinea, with the was done. Now our utopia is theme: “Regional Integration regional integration.” for Africa’s Economic More than 2,000 Apart and divided, Africa is weakened. Together and united, Africa will be Prosperity.” unstoppable says AFDB President Akinwumi Adesina. participants are attending the “Apart and divided, Africa Annual Meetings, a unique is weakened. Together President Obiang Nguema “Equatorial Guinea is In the past several years, opportunity to share the and united, Africa will be Mbasogo recalled that open for business. We are the African Development Bank’s perspectives on the unstoppable,” the Bank’s Equatorial Guinea, once one committed to regional Bank (www.AfDB.org) has state of Africa’s economy. President Akinwumi Adesina of the poorest countries in integration for shared invested over $13 billion in The meetings also provides told delegates at the packed the world, has since been prosperity. We count on the central African region. updates on the Bank’s work Sipopo Conference Center. radically transformed with the African Development “And for every dollar invested, and serves as a platform for Adesina urged African one of the highest per capita Bank to help us achieve the region has leveraged $36, the exchange of views on governments to work toward incomes on the continent. economic diversification and an incredible rate of return of emerging issues shaping the the elimination of non-tariff “For me, development is the consolidation of social 36 times,” Adesina noted. future of the continent. barriers. “Pulling down non- not about per capita income, equality.” The Prime Minister of tariff barriers alone, will spur it is about expanding the Regional integration is The Bank’s investments Equatorial Guinea, the trade by at least 53%, and opportunities for the people one of the Bank’s strategic include the construction president of the Senate, potentially double trade,” he to live a more dignified life,” High 5 agendas to rapidly of the Central African fibre members of governments, said. Obiang Nguema Mbasogo advance Africa’s economic optic network that connects the diplomatic corps as well The opening ceremony said. transformation. the population with faster as the African Development was presided over by the host Bank’s Governors, Executive nation’s President Teodoro Directors, and other Obiang Nguema Mbasogo. dignitaries attended the Also in attendance were opening ceremony. King Letsie III of Lesotho; “There’s excitement in President Félix Antoine the air on Africa’s economic Tshisekedi of the Democratic opportunities, and those Republic of Congo; and opportunities are boundless. Ambrose Mandvulo Dlamini, The newly ratified Africa Prime Minister of eSwatini. Continental Free Trade Area High-level government will make Africa the largest officials from Rwanda, free trade zone in the world, Cameroon, the Central with a combined GDP of over African Republic, and Côte $3.3 trillion,” Adesina said. d’Ivoire were also present. *Courtesy of AFDB In his opening speech,

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FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE: May 16th, 2019 Contact Vincent Renee Telephone: +1 571 552 1646 Cell: +1 703 855 5246 Email: [email protected] Website: http/www.believeinafrica.org MAKING AFRICA TRADE EASY (MATE) "The African Diaspora linking U.S. and African businesses" HIGH LEVEL DIALOGUE September 5th to 7th, 2019 (Washington, D.C.)- 15 Mai 2019– strategy “Prosper Africa” as well three-day trade fair, high level BELIEVE IN AFRICA (BIA) is as advancing Africa’s economic discussions, seminars, workshops honored to announce its first and integration,” said Mrs. Angelle on how to do business with U.S. largest African diaspora gathering Kwemo, Founder and Chair of agencies, a fashion show and conference called “Making Africa Believe in Africa. cultural activities. We are expecting Trade Easy” (MATE) scheduled 500 selected high-level delegates from September 5th to 7th 2019 She added: “It is more importantly from the U.S. and Africa, dozens of at the prestigious Ronald Reagan a platform that will allow two-way speakers and exhibitors and 2,000 Building & International Trade trade between African businesses visitors. Center located at 1300 Pennsylvania and their U.S. counterparts, and Ave NE in Washington, DC 20004, therefore help strengthen mutually Believe in Africa (BIA) is an African USA. beneficial partnerships that create Diaspora-led initiative founded by wealth, prosperity and lasting jobs former U.S. congressional staffers “MATE is a collaborative and on both continents.” and African leaders in the U.S., to nonpartisan effort between the empower young Africans, promote U.S. Agency for International In attendance will be African the role of the African private Development and the Ronald Leaders from both the public and sector, harness the power of the Reagan Building and International private sectors, U.S. Government African Diaspora, educate policy Trade Center and Believe in Africa agencies, African and American makers and the public about African to unleash the African Diaspora Business Leaders, the African economic growth and highlight the potential as a catalyst for trade Diaspora, potential investors continent’s gradual rise in the global between the U.S. and African and representatives of relevant community. economies. This first edition aims international and global Institutions. To learn more about BIA visit at promoting the new U.S. Africa MATE’s program comprises a www.believeinafrica.org

240 M Street, Suite B805, Washington DC, SW 20024 Contact: email: [email protected] ; Tel: +1 571 552 1646 www.believeinafrica.org PAV - JUN 2019 - MAG 0619 Vol 2 17 PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Inside Africa DR Congo seeks EAC membership: What could it bring in the bloc? By Jean d’Amour Mugabo

he Democratic Republic of Congo T(DRC) has set foot in a new era of relations with neighbouring countries since President Félix Tshisekedi assumed office in January. Within less than five months, President Tshisekedi has visited five out of six member states of the East African Community (EAC), save the newly adhered South Sudan. And these visits undoubtedly aimed, among other intentions, to persuade EAC member states to consider favourably the DRC’s application to join the bloc letter, Rwanda forwarded states and the fact that, DRC 16 states. some EAC member states once it is formally submitted. the DRC’s request to the being a huge country in size, Teddy Kaberuka, an especially between Rwanda Tshisekedi revealed it all in EAC Secretariat in Arusha, it touches on four out of six economic analyst in the and Uganda, economist his letter to his Rwandan Tanzania, according to Olivier EAC member states. region, told Pan African Kaberuka said that for EAC counterpart, President Paul Nduhungirehe, Rwanda›s “The request is an initial Visions on Friday that DRC’s to be effective, member states Kagame, who is also the State Minister for EAC affairs. positive initiative that shows adhesion would be a potential need to solve internal issues seating Chairperson of EAC. Nduhungirehe told The DRC’s interest in joining the asset to the EAC bloc as the and those between countries “Following the exchanges New Times that Kinshasa›s EAC. However, that is only latter also benefits from the that have often slowed down we had in Kigali first and later request is expected to be the expression of interest; bloc’s better advancements. the regional integration. in Kinshasa on the intention on the agenda of the next DRC will have to submit “This would bring benefits “It was amazing how a and interest of my country, Summit of EAC Heads of a formal application that on both parties. For EAC, person was freely moving the Democratic Republic State and Government. details its merits for the member states already signed between Rwanda, Uganda of Congo, to join the East This summit is slated for adhesion,” he said, adding treaties such as common and Kenya using and ID African Community, I have November 30 but the EAC that the entire procedure may market, custom union... (identity card); that’s what a the honour of presenting to Chairperson can call for an take two or three years for if DRC joins the bloc, there mwananchi (citizen) needs. you today the express request Extraordinary Summit any DRC to be an EAC member. will be market expansion, That would be beneficial to of my country to be able to time when there is an urgent Once DRC gets into the free movement of people every citizen if the practice join the said community,” issue of regional importance. bloc, Dr Kayumba said, there and goods will cover double is extended to other member reads Tshisekedi’s letter are crucial political benefits of the current area, current states including DRC once dated of June 8. Political, economic for both parties. They include EAC states will trade with it gets in the EAC bloc,” he The letter stated that the benefits are huge better cooperation in line DRC at ease and vice versa,” remarked. request follows the ever- Analysts foretell political with the EAC treaty, free he said, adding, “The EAC He added that EAC member increasing trade between and economic benefits that movement within a wider market’s expansion will states will reap bigger fruits the business operators of the DR Congo’s adhesion to the area, handing fugitives to attract more investors for that from the integration if they DRC and those of the EAC EAC bloc would send to both one another among member bigger market with similar harmonise their procedures member states. President parties, thus being a win-win states and disarming armed conditions.” in business to have tax cut, to Tshisekedi added that DRC scenario in various ways. groups, mainly based in DRC, EAC covers an area of create ease of exportation and has a fervent desire to join According to Dr who are threatening to topple 2.5 million km2 with a importation, and more. the bloc “so that we can work Christopher Kayumba, an legitimate governments in the population around 170 Kaberuka noted that with a together for the development expert on regional affairs and region. million while DRC has about touch on the Atlantic Ocean, of our respective countries professor at the University of DRC is also a member 82 million people on an area DRC’s adhesion would link and stabilise this part of Rwanda, DRC is likely to be of the Southern African of 2.3 million km2. the EAC to two oceans as the Africa.” admitted in the EAC as it is Development Community Commenting on the bloc maintains a link with Three days after this already in deals with member (SADC) which brings together existing feud between the Indian Ocean. DRC is a 18 PAV - JUN 2019 - MAG 0619 Vol 2 Inside Africa Inside Africa PAN AFRICAN VISIONs

of the richest countries on potential contribution to the the continent and a driver of strengthening of integration African growth if it overcomes within the bloc. political instability. Also important are elements of the applicant having What the EAC Treaty geographical proximity says to and inter-dependence Under Article 3 of the between it and the Partner EAC Treaty, the matters to States; establishment and be taken into account by the maintenance of a market Partner States in considering driven economy; and social the application by a foreign and economic policies being country to become a member compatible with those of the of, be associated with, or Community. participate in any of the If DR Congo joins the activities of the Community, EAC, it will have to adhere include that foreign country: to the Treaty establishing the accepts the Community as EAC and signed protocols set out in the Treaty; adheres related to the Customs Rwandan President and EAC Chairperson Paul Kagame shakes hands with DRC›s President Felix Tshisekedi. Photo KT Press. to universally acceptable Union, Common Market, principles of good governance, Monetary Union and Political deposit of natural resources According to the World more than 1,100 minerals democracy, the rule of law, Federation that form the four and the second largest Bank, with its 80 million and precious metals, DRC has observance of human rights pillars of the Community. country in Africa. hectares of arable land and the potential to become one and social justice; and Despite challenges, Africa's debt is still under control says African Development Bank In 2018, the Bank earned $214 million in allocable income, 48% of which has been reinvested in the institution to reinforce reserves and its business growth capacity ALABO, and Results at the Bank. Equatorial During the presentation MGuinea, June attended by delegates, 13, 2019/ -- The African Governors, Executive Development Bank (www. Directors and Bank staff, AfDB.org) remains strong N’Sele noted that the Bank with growing operating could chart a new path on revenues and allocable account of its ability to raise income generated since funds on the capital markets. 2010 reaching $2.5 billion, “The amount of infrastructure the Bank Group’s Treasurer, financing covered by private Hassatou Diop N›sele, stated sector could double if African on Thursday. countries harness the full In 2018, the Bank earned potential of their capital $214 million in allocable markets.” income, 48% of which has According to N›sele, a been reinvested in the number of African countries institution to reinforce could save as much $1 billion reserves and its business on a 20-year loan, if they growth capacity. The bullish presentation Thursday, Bank currently underway in N’sele and Simon Mizrahi, borrow from the African numbers were revealed a highlight of the 2019 Malabo, Equatorial Guinea. Director of Service Delivery, Development Bank, instead during the Bank’s Financial Annual Meetings of the The panel was led by Performance Management of from the Eurobond market,

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due to preferable lending In her concluding remarks, rates. N’sele expressed the Bank’s Delegates were informed appreciation for Canada’s of the Bank’s successful unwavering support to the issuance of the first-ever NOK institution with the recently social bond sold in Norway announced $1.1 billion and sealed in 2018. callable capital. “This will Despite challenges, Africa’s allow to continue to meet debt is still under control our financial ratio” before a On debt sustainability, decision is made on the 7th Africa’s debt has increased General Capital Increase,” in recent years “but not she said. to unsustainable levels,” We are, the continent’s only Mizrahi indicated but he triple-A rated institution. Our pleaded for caution. “We rating means that our bonds need to continue to generate are the absolute safest in the financing and spur growth world. It gives confidence to without increasing debt.” investors across the globe Sharing insights on Africa’s that their investment in path forward, Mizrahi is why the Bank is putting its According to Mizrahi, investors, create more and African Development Bank underscored the need to money where its mouth is and AfCTA paves the way to the better jobs, boost internal bonds is secured.” harness the continent’s investing more than any other world’s largest free trade area trade and create continent- The discussions included incredible potential in development Bank in helping with an integrated market of wide value chains that are gender issues, especially the renewable energy. the continent transition 1.3 billion consumers. globally competitive.” Bank’s flagship Affirmative Africa is the most towards more resilient and “This is important because The panel moderated Finance Action for Women vulnerable continent and sustainable economies,” he Africa will struggle to be by the Victor Oladokun, in Africa (AFAWA) program, suffers the most from climate concluded. competitive at the global the Bank›s Director of which seeks to mobilize $3 change but “with the right scale, if it continues to operate Communication, noted that billion to close the financing vision, investments and The African Continental as 54 fragmented economies. AfCFTA is expected to boost gender gap for women political commitments, Africa Free Trade Agreement The continent needs to be cross-border infrastructure, entrepreneurs. can lead a global energy (AfTCA) ushering a new more integrated, it needs drive competitiveness and *Courtesy ofAFDB revolution and leapfrog to era in intra-African larger economic spaces so make the continent a smaller renewable technologies. This trade that Africa can attract more place by integrating markets.

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PAV - JUN 2019 - MAG 0619 Vol 2 21 PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Inside Africa The problem of Nigeria is not borrowing – Amaechi * Nigeria is one of the least indebted countries * 2023 power shift; Igbo should have a shot at the presidency *We are one of the least indebted countries *The politics we are used to in Nigeria is ‹Chop, I Chop› politics * I know Nigerian politics up-side-down By Olumide Ajayi

hibuike Rotimi Onitsha while also trying to Amaechi is the complete Ibadan to Kano so Cimmediate past its not easy. Minister of Transportation under President Muhamadu On the issue of Buhari led administration. humongous borrowing In this interview, the former to fix the rail lines, do governor Rivers State you think this borrowing maintains that Nigeria›s is justified? democracy would grow when Definitely it is justified weans its self from ethnic and because we have not religious politics. borrowed as huge as they think. The problem of Nigeria On Nigeria›s 20 years of is not borrowing, its revenue. Democratic? We don›t have revenue. It›s a mix of success and When they hear what we failure, it a mix-bag of some intend to borrow, they think expectation was met, some we have borrowed. The only were not. But the majority thing we have borrowed on of the Nigerian communities the railway is not severe Minister Amaechi believes that the second term of president Buhari would are disappointed because improve on the economy. .We borrowed $500 billion their expectation is very for Abuja to Kaduna which high. But what I will preach know most of these crimes Not even three or four to Kano for $8.3 billion, so was borrowed during is that we should be more are committed due to lack of administrations in Nigeria $5.4billion is equal to N2 former President Goodluck understanding. We expect income. That is people who can do that because the level trillion. So for $8.3billion, Jonathan›s administration. that the leadership of the cannot fend for themselves. of poverty is deeply rooted. you are talking about N5 The only thing we have country especially the When I was the governor look at it this way if an trillion for just 1,500 km borrowed in Buhari›s second term of president of Rivers state, I use to say economy is running purely of railway meanwhile our administration is $1.3 billion Buhari would improve on the people should be able to on agriculture and a new budget is just N8trilion. If which we borrowed from the economy and ensure that the provide a legitimate source president comes and say no, you remove N8.5 trillion China›s state government , so economy would be able to of income for themselves no, that it won›t continue, we from our budget on rail lines, what else have we borrowed? create jobs and income for so militants engaging in have to re-gig the economy what about salaries and other Other ones are proposals Nigerians so that they would kidnapping, oil bunkering, to create productivity. Before sectors of the economy. So we are looking for funds leave a happy life. and damaging oil pipelines you can finish creating not one government can fulfil for. So what I meant by that would desist from it. so while such productivity, it would all that. It is a gradual process is that if I go to the press to Amid issues of lingering we create physical policies, take more than 15years and that is why we are taking announce that we need a loan insecurity, what is we should make sure that we because at that point you the railway project in several of $8.2 billion to fix Lagos to your take on the new create an alternative policy are not just talking about segments. Kano, it would be reported development of police that would make people agriculture, you are talking And then we are under that we have borrowed such reforms? create wealth for themselves about industrialisation, you political pressure from amount but we have not. So We have not heard what legitimately. are talking about power, everybody who wants rail that is how it has been. We the program is about until you are talking about lines in their side to be done. have also proposed to the the president reveals what But has this roads and transportation. We have done Abuja to Chinese government that we the program is all about. But administration done Now what the president is Kaduna, we are doing Lagos need a loan of $5.3 billion in term of insecurity, I think enough to curb the focusing on roads, power, to Ibadan, we have asked to complete from Ibadan to there is a need to deal with issue of poverty you and transportation. Look at for a loan for Port Harcourt Kano, they have not given us, the issue of poverty. You mentioned? the railway, If we do Lagos to Warri and then Benin to they said they are coming to 22 PAV - JUN 2019 - MAG 0619 Vol 2 Inside Africa Inside Africa PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Nigeria to evaluate the loan. We have also proposed to them that need $2.3billion to do Port Harcourt to warri, Benin to Onisha but they have not given us. The only thing they have borrowed us is $1.3 billion which we are using to build Lagos to Ibadan. So in term of the loan, Nigeria is one of the least indebted countries in the world. The problem we have is that we don›t have revenue because if we have revenue we would be able to refund the repayment of our loan. So there is need to work on how Amaechi says the Buhari Administration is right in borrowing for infrastructure projects. to create revenue. People are not paying their taxes our we import meats and other contract of the sales of power. among others? revenue is only focused on oil. poultry materials now all In that contract it appear Let be sincere with But opposition has There is need to create Small those things were not banned there is a disagreement which ourselves we can›t solve all described these ‹blame- and Medium Enterprises but the government is not the minister of power Raji the problems. Don›t forget game› as the only virtue ,SMEs, because if you create funding it anybody who want Fashola was resolving by the that we have only four years, this administration has SMEs, you empower them to to go import it, is his business time we left government, I am if the term was 20 years then for not being effective? employ people and then they but we are encouraging sure we had resolved the issue I would say yes but because History is the study of in return would be taxed and Nigerians to via into poultry at the cabinet and by the time we have four years, what the past event, to discuss how the people employed. business so that we can feed they get the payment they are president is doing is that he to deal with the present But what this ourselves. Why we were not looking for, power we go back is focusing on infrastructure. and the future. We are not administration has done able to feed ourselves is that to 7000megawatt. But in the What he actually did is that even blaming Goodluck or sufficiently is to have created the past government and history of Nigeria, this is the the free money politicians Obasanjo, but we are stating an avenue for us to feed I am not absolving myself first time we are increasing use to share in the past is the history. I was part of ourselves. We imported were more interested in what from 3000megawatt to what he is using to develop that administration less you virtually everything, the only the young men call ‹jand› 5000megawatt then to infrastructure. Those funds forget. What we are saying thing we were not importing is (foreign goods) so what 7000megawatt has it has they were sharing in the is that if the money that was Cassava. Now we are planting you wear, what you eat, you never happened before. But past administration why kept in the saving was utilized rice , it may not be sufficient brag about it that these rice our target is to sustain it till didn›t they build railway for these infrastructures, for the demand but if we is from London, that rice is it get to 10,000megawatt with it. By the time Obasanjo why would president Buhari continue like this in the next from Thailand, that one is then 20,000megawatt by was leaving, he left about asked Rotimi Amaechi three to five years, it would from America what about the time we get 50,000 we $58billion in Nigeria›s excess to go focus on Lagos to be sufficient for demand. So your local rice. Not because I would have reached our crude account, why did he not Ibadan rail line. So we are even if they smuggle in rice want to be patriotic, I prefer demand then it would be use the money to build the compelled to start afresh. because we have enough it Ofada rice to any other rice an issue of how to sustain it rail line because he was the Less you forget, majority of would be at the same price in the world now. What these and ensure that we are able one that awarded the contract infrastructures in Nigeria because is cheaper and it is government has done is to to create industrialisation. for Lagos to Kano rail line was built in late General produced in larger quantity in see how to sustain ourselves Once we get to 10,000 – because he did not execute Yakubu Gowon regime, a bit other parts but here we don›t in term of feeding. 20,000megawatt there would that contract even though of it was built by Obasanjo have a enough so we produce be industrialisation. So, he left money, by the time and the 3rd mainland bridge at a high cost. The moment How far has this we have to also increase to Goodluck Jonathan came into was completed by General we have several persons administration gone meet the demand of the new office, the money vanished. I Babangida (retired). So, tell producing rice, the price of with regards to industries that are coming. don›t know who vanished it me what-else we have done rice would fall. So, it is just electricity? but what the Obasanjo regime as a country? Port Harcourt like MTN, if you remember The next thing the Do you foresee Buhari›s left vanished in Goodluck’s -Enugu road bad, Lagos – when they arrived, it was government is focusing led government regime. But if they had used Kano road bad, Ibadan – very high, now is very cheap. on is power. We got 7000 proffering solutions that money, we could have Lagos road bad. So, assume So if indeed we are able to megawatts and we are to the much agitated done the $7. 8billion railway the blame game they accused produce all that we need distributing 5000 megawatts, expectations of Nigerians project from Lagos to Kano us of is true, we are not in terms of food, because but we have a problem on the in term of power, rail without having to borrow. blaming and not working. PAV - JUN 2019 - MAG 0619 Vol 2 23 PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Inside Africa

I drove on Lagos - Ibadan road to Abeokuta, we are completing it. By the time we finish Lagos – Ibadan railway to Abeokuta it become an alternative route because the number of people that died on that road is unimaginable. So, it would take at most an hour and some few minutes to and from Lagos to Ibadan. So, what does it do for our economy, those who can›t afford to rent an apartment in Lagos, could rent in Ibadan and come to work in Lagos. All they need to do is meet up with the 6.O,clock train express that would take them As Campaign Director, Amaechi has been part of big electoral victories for President Buhari. to Lagos in 1hour. So, we are expanding the economy and elected as the president of let the Igbo have a shot at the food on my table. When I was people would get use to it. creating network. So, it not as Nigeria. That is the only part presidency and that does not campaigning to the South, We gathered the incumbent if we are blaming everybody. among the three majority mean they don›t have a good I defined my brother as the governor of Rivers Nysome If you saw my speech, I said tribe that have not produced hand you would certainly see man who can build road in Wike extended a hand of let Nigerians and God judge the president and I feel its a very good material in that my village and can provide fellowship for peace in the us after we are done. their turn. After election, I area for presidency. security for my parent and state with you and the APC, made another comment I my community as against an what do you make of this? Despite this, how would said that if they had voted for But do you think the inefficient brother who would But we replied. Didn›t you you describe the kind of President Buhari, it would system of democracy is be there and allowed my read the statement by Andrew politics being played in have been easy for you as a good for us as a nation? people to be killed. Uchedu. The party as a group Nigeria today? people to make a demand on As I said, based on merit, met and I was in that meeting As much as I can, I am the presidency. These were the best would have come What would be your and we agreed that we should trying to avoid issues that the two comments I made from anywhere. In most part charge to these raging also extend our hand of would hot people. The politics and since then I had gone to of the world they don›t care oppositions? fellowship back by addressing we are used to in Nigeria sleep. who the president is once They should consider a press conference telling is what I would describe as they have food on their table. Nigeria first. him death cannot continue ‹Chop I Chop politics› and But should voting Let us get to that point where in Rivers because lives are the fact that President Buhari President Buhari in be we have food on our table. We Do you think your party irreplaceable. So we asked is trying to stop the ‹chop I the determinant for should strive to get to that is considering Nigerians them not to bother about our chop kind of politics› is not power to shift to the point because that that point first? party but to address issues been easy with politicians South-East? we won›t care if the President This is the first time in of lives lost in Rivers and we So they gang-up against the It may not be the is a Muslim or a Christian or a the nation›s history that a are ready to work with him. President in PDP because the determinant, but it has a great Traditional worshipper. minister would be passing Later they said APC begged free money is no longer there. role to play. Because its a lot But where did we miss it? and there won›t be blaring PDP. I warned the party easier to convince the ruling Its a difficult question to sirens on the road. All about that press conference What is your take on party that you people brought answer but we missed it from ministers under Buhari›s saying this man extending the power shifting to the in your votes and therefore the first republic, when we administration line-up to hand of fellowship is not South come 2023? you should be considered began to play ethnic politics. board planes, no police sincere that he would spin I had made my views to produce presidential If we do away with ethnic and running after us, not because these statement, so instantly clear when I spoke before candidate for the office. In religious politics we would we cannot do it but because they twisted it to APC begs the election. I encouraged the same way is it the best have advanced as a nation. we don›t want to do it and Wike, APC surrenders. I have the Igbos in a lecture I had for Nigeria to produce zones Where I can see an Hausa because we feel that is not been a politician for 33years Awka where I said Nigeria›s for presidency either good or man as my brother , if you the right thing to do. Nobody so I know Nigerian politics politics is not about merit bad? I don›t think so but since look at my 2015 campaign, charged us not to it because up-side-down so when I but I think we can choose we have not grown to look for I described my brother as four years after, you maybe finished advising people, I see the best president from the the best material that we have anybody who puts food on excused as a minister. So, we it happen. Igbos this time because they in any part of the country , it my table even as against my are getting used to the street have not been able to be would have been right to say blood brother who can›t put so when we pass on the street 24 PAV - JUN 2019 - MAG 0619 Vol 2 Inside Africa Inside Africa PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Malawi: Opposition leaders keep protesting election results ... Court yet to make ruling on call for rerun ... Mutharika says his new term will revamp Malawi By Joseph Dumbula, Zomba Malawi

alawi President Parliamentary and Local Peter Mutharika Government in some districts Mis in his initial in Malawi as seen in trending first month as President this photos. time out but faces a court in a There have been massive case in which two opposition vigils in the capital Lilongwe leaders are accused of where the MCP boasts of ‹conniving› with the Malawi support asking Mutharika to Electoral Commission (MEC) step down accusing him of to rig the May 21 elections ascending to power through which saw him beat second a rigged poll which they feel placed Lazarus Chakwera was won by Chakwera. with less than 200 thousand The MCP had led in the votes. elections as preliminary The Constitutional Court results were made only for is slated to make a landmark the tables to change as results As President Mutharika settles into his second term, the opposition is mounting a vigorous challenge to his election. ruling for a rerun which from the Southern region, Chakwera and another DPP›s stronghold trekked in. Chilima of reportedly urging seen jovial in photos at the to ensure Mutharika wins. defeated candidate Saulos It was yet again evidenced fellow commissioners and swearing in of Mutharika Ansah has been quoted Chilima applied to court. that regional pattern of top staff at the electoral body posing with Democratic by local papers in Malawi The court has apparently voting is still in full swing as to make sure Mutharika Progressive Party (DPP) as having said she will stop added him as witness to two frontrunners the MCP won the elections admitted supporters. down because the poll was the case which was made accumulated huge numbers of receiving results changed The Constitutional Court free and fair. one after reviewing the in the Central Region, with using Tipex but defended met on 14th June for the Mutharika had last week complaints as the court felt the DPP swinging the figures the body by saying it never scheduling conference of only responded to the Chilima and Chakwera had in the South and Eastern purchased the erasing the trial only to adjourn the accusations as coming from same stances. Malawi and the UTM, a new materials and that the results hearing to Wednesday 19th cry babies. The elections were marred party in the poll had the were only but verified and June. In his inaugural speech, the by irregularities such as Northern region in control. authentic in the end. Initially Chakwera had 79 year old called peace and missing names of candidates The irregularities hit most Meanwhile, the Human sought injunction restricting asked Malawians to leave the on the ballot papers, disputes of voting centers where the Rights Defenders Coalition the electoral body from elections behind them and over transferred voters and MCP felt Tipex was used to has set aside demonstrations making the announcement join him to better the nation the main one has been the use cook figures Mutharika›s against Ansah whom they of the Presidential elections which is among world›s of erasing fluid Tipex. way. accuse of being at the helm only for it to be vacated as poorest countries. The fluid was used to However, MEC Czar Jane of the poll they are dubbing the legal eight days came to a He has also pledged to alter all the Presidential, Ansah who is accused by as fraudulent. She was also wavering end. name a lean cabinet before Chakwera had asked the 21st June. Ansah led commission to first Interesting in his second of all iron out all irregularities tenure will be the battle in before the announcement. Parliament as he faces the However, Ansah in making weight against the oldest the announcement stated that political party, the MCP the results had been verified which has nearly neck to by all stakeholders describing neck number of lawmakers the results as signifying the against the DPP. ‹will of Malawians›. In a bid to ensure more On his part Chilima said support in Parliament, the UTM has evidence that Mutharika recent threw a links Ansah to the rigging plot luncheon at the state house Down but not out.opposition challenger Lazarus Chakwera says he was adding that she is on record as with lawmakers that won on robbed of victory. having directed all managers independent tickets. PAV - JUN 2019 - MAG 0619 Vol 2 25 PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Inside Africa His previous term was opposition carry on accusing his cabinet which has a marred by corruption one his party for secretly changing few new names and core of which a police ration the figures their way. changes have been made scandal hovered around him There were seven on several Ministries such as prime suspect because he contesting candidates against as Finance and Economic was the sole signatory of the eleven last time out. Planning, Sports and Local benefiting bank account. Around 6 million people Government. The scandal involved up to voted in the elections. He now has a 24 member MK145 Million. Here is the breakdown of cabinet list against 20 in his Killings of people with the results at Presidential previous term. albinism also defined his level. His previous Trade tenure as conspiracy theories Arthur Peter Mutharika Minister, Joseph that emerged aligned top DPP (DPP): 1, 940, 709 (38.57%) Mwanamvekha now is the officials to the malicious act. Lazarus Chakwera (MCP): Finance Minister replacing While two life sentences 1, 781, 740 (35.41%) one of the longest serving MEC Chairperson Jane Ansah. have since been laid out to Saulos Klaus Chilima Ministers Goodall Gondwe people guilty of killing people (UTM): 1, 018, 369 (20.24%) whose role now is Advisor to appointing what the civil representation in the cabinet. with albinism in the country Atupele Muluzi (UDF): the President on Finance. Society is terming as a gender The body was however ever since the incidents 235, 164 (4.67%) New names in the cabinet imbalance cabinet. quick to laud the appointment came strong five years ago, Peter Kuwani (MMD): 20, list are Dr Ben Phiri who is There are just five female of the Southern African›s Mutharika›s regime has been 369 (0.40%) local government Minister, appointees. Two as Ministers nation first every female accused of not placing many John Chisi (UP): 19, 187 a post he has attained after and three as Deputies. Speaker of Parliament, deliberate policies to halt the (0.38%) making a maiden stint to the Posting on their Catherine Gottani Hara. attacks. Reverend Kaliya parliament so has Francis Facebook Page, the Gender Hara has since asked the The years ahead of him (Independent): 15, 726 Phiso named as Sports Coordination Network lawmakers to rally behind her have now to bank on a court (0.31%) Minister. wondered why Mutharika during her tenure. case for a rerun if he would Meanwhile, President However, Mutharika being a 50-50 Ambassador win the elections or have the Mutharika has named is being slammed for would neglect women

Why Rwanda-Uganda row would make ordinary citizens suffer longer -Rwandan-Ugandan relations will likely remain poor for the duration of 2019 By Mohammed M.Mupenda he row between two our country do not know countries worsened our capacity. It is very big. Twhen Rwanda Once we mobilise, you can›t government issued the survive.» travel warning advisory The Ugandan government to Rwandans travelling to was seeking an additional Uganda. USD100 million in military When Gatuna border post spending by June, effectively was closed and the business doubling the current defence disrupted, no one thought budget. These were revealed it could take longer as it has in the meeting between the taken now. “We are counting president and security chiefs over three months from the which allegedly discussed time it happened,” Rwandan «tensions with Rwanda», traders recount. Local media reported on Two countries have kept April 1. trading accusations while Rwandans and a Ugandan counting victims day-to-day; public addressing and in in March, with President me. But there is one thing have been shot dead trying to the smearing and provoking media exchanges while the Paul Kagame of Rwanda that is impossible: no one can smuggle the commodities into words are exchanged between ordinary citizens count heavy stating, «You can attempt bring me to my knees.» while, Rwanda; this followed other the Heads of State, through losses over the feud. to destabilise our country, President Yoweri Museveni scenarios that had happened the ministries of foreign Implicitly hostile remarks you can do us harm, you can of Uganda remarked, «Those on the border of Kyanika, affairs, on social media, were made at public events shoot me with a gun and kill who want to destabilise where a pregnant woman 26 PAV - JUN 2019 - MAG 0619 Vol 2 Inside Africa Inside Africa PAN AFRICAN VISIONs

died on Uganda territory death of two businessmen by business while Rwandan army/police +Rwandan police saying they people officers were running after were trying to smuggle goods engaged in her when she passed through into Rwandan territory. export and porous line, some Rwandan Uganda issued a statement import trade residents have reportedly claiming that Rwandan and others fled the country to Uganda troops had crossed into working with saying they could not resist Uganda and shot two people faith-based the hunger at home. dead, but Rwanda said the organizations In many incidents, the incident took place on its soil. have been blame has always been put After the incident, Uganda illegally on citizens with warnings to government issued a warning detained by not cross the border, while statement which angered the Chieftaincy they need to outsource from Rwandan leaders. Ugandan of Military across; families have been authorities accompanied Intelligence Uganda President Yoweri Museveni with his Rwanda separated from their relatives by diplomats carried the (CMI) and counterpart Paul Kagame, both men hold the key to resolving the standoff. because most of them fear to Rwandan dead body to the Internal travel out of Uganda while hand it over to Rwanda Security Organization (ISO) not to travel to Uganda. out of Rwanda because they they have no hope of returning government, something most on undisclosed charges and On the Rwandan market, have crossed the border to soon. Rwandans marked it people perceived as an alert others have been illegally prices of commodities look for the services available impossible to cross to Uganda on what could follow if it deported to Rwanda while outsourced from Uganda in his country. unless they use porous lines happens again. others have had to endure have almost tripled. Citizens “We have the capacity and to get into Uganda but fearing Last week, the manager inhumane treatment, argue that it does not affect skilled people in education the repercussions, makes it of Horizon Bus company at according to Gawaya Tegulle officials of both countries and health; they should difficult for them. Chanika border in Kisoro and Aboneka Michael, the because they can always fly to deliver to citizens without Rwandan Traders have left district was reported that lawyers of the detainees, who different destinations across excuses and if they cannot their goods in Uganda; debts he had been detained by were joined by the Secretary the region to buy whatever deliver, I will see them out,” keep increasing to those Rwandan security before he of Uganda Law Society, they need; this instead affects he said adding “we cannot live who acquired bank loans for could return to the Uganda Francis Harimwomugasho ordinary citizens who need to with the problems we have the business, losses have been side of the border, in the calling for the international go to the market daily to buy capacity and skills to solve, incurred and few expect process of following up on community to get involved in basic commodities; students leaders are responsible and to recover from this fate. him, the revenge was nearly order to arrest the situation, who used to cross the border would be hold accountable. The transport and tourism happening where Kisoro which they said is spiralling for studies in Uganda no Rwandans should not cross industry has been hampered residents were threatening out of control. longer think of Ugandan to buy bread on Uganda side seriously as the passengers to send away all Rwandans Three days after the schools; some others missed while our producers can make reduced on both sides and the living in Kisoro, fortunately, allegations, Rwanda on graduation party day and enough here.” exchange for tourists could no he was later released by the government welcomed they don’t know what future He assured the residents longer be easier as it used to Rwanda security organs over 20 Rwandans from holds after spending a lot of to deal with the neighbouring be before the escalation. without any harm. Uganda where they had money on their education in country that threaten to cause Many observers speculate Recently, There were been illegally detained. Uganda. All in the package them problems. “We cannot from the cold to clear war allegations that many as 100 Amb. Olivier Nduhungirehe, reflects this saying: “when beg for our security,” he said. basing on recent shooting to ordinary Rwandan traders, Minister of State in charge elephants fight, it is the grass Both countries have of the East African that suffers,» or “when the deployed their armies Community, sea clashes with the rocks, it across the common border expressed his is the clams that suffer.” in irritating contact with sympathy to Observers believe two each other and this has kept the deported leaders have failed to find the border citizens feeling Rwandans and solution to the row in the uncomfortable. their families interest for their citizens Given the circumstances, for the pain and while everything is playing in a war between Uganda difficulties they their hands. and Rwanda is possible faced, noting President Kagame, while and most likely inevitable. illegal detentions, addressing the residents in The incidents like these mistreatment Burera district last month, happening can easily and and deportations cautioned leaders who have rapidly turn a tense situation is the reason failed to deliver to citizens into a military confrontation. the Government saying that it is unclear to Business activities have greatly slowed down at the border. advised the citizens hear citizens facing threats PAV - JUN 2019 - MAG 0619 Vol 2 27 REMEMBER life's universal truths...Inside Africa

available FALL 2019

w w w . r o l a n d a c h e n j a n g . c o m / b o o k REMEMBER life's universal truths...Inside Africa Inside Africa PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Q & A with Rear Admiral Seth Amoama, Chief of Naval Staff, Ghana Navy

hroughout his and Conference fishing which is dominating illustrious career, (IMDEC) What is our maritime domain. We TRear Admiral the added value hope to have a conversation Amomoa has held several brought by IMDEC on information sharing positions that have earned specifically? and capacity building. we him this noteworthy title 60 years in any life will also talk about cyber including the Military of any organization is and electronic warfare. We Assistant to the Chief of a key milestone worth have the opportunity for the Defence Staff (1 Aug celebrating in a grand participants and attendees 13 – 31 Jul 14) and later the style. We in the navy to visit the stands and Commandant of the Ghana consider our 60 years exhibitions put in place by Armed Forces Command & anniversary as a new major defense and maritime Staff College. beginning. We want industry to showcase modern Under his patrona ge, to use the occasion and advanced technology in the International Maritime diamond jubilee to maritime severance defense Defence Exhibition and highlight the major command and control and Conference (IMDEC) taking contributions that a whole lot of technology place 24-25 July 2019 at the Navy has played to be displayed during this the Kempinski Gold Coast in the development conference. in Accra, Ghana will feature of the Nation for the A key focus of the event a 2-day strategic gathering past 60 years. In the is to enhance maritime of global maritime leaders past the Ghana navy security and stability and Africa’s Chiefs of Naval has been hosting within the Gulf of Staff as they commemorate the conference on Guinea. What are the Ghana’s 60 years of Naval Coastal and Maritime key initiatives, exercises excellence. Severance Africa – and/or programs in the The event will focus on the (CAMSA) Exhibition region that you believe increasingly volatile maritime and Conference as part are best aiding maritime threats of the region and the Ghana Navy. As well as especially in the era of the of the new beginning. We are security? the collective strategies proving strategic leadership, blue economy. In summary in partnership with Great The Key Initiative in the and resources necessary to direction and guidance to the navy’s mandate is in 3 Minds Events Management entire Gulf of Guinea region combat them. the Ghana Navy. In addition, areas; who are organizing for the that will address the maritime I’m also responsible for 1. War fighting role first time the International security issues is the Yawonde Please tell us about the formation operational, in defense of the maritime Maritime Defense Exhibition Code of conduct and its yourself, your current administrative logistics, frontage of Ghana. and Conference in Accra related cores integrated role as the commander technical training and welfare 2. Policing and Ghana from the 23rd -25th maritime strategy. As we of Ghana Navy, and policies for the guidance of enforcing roles to curb ocean July 2019. know the Gulf of Guinea is what are the key personnel of the Ghana Navy. crimes. At this conference we rich in many resources, mandates of the Last but not least I’m also 3. Diplomatic roles expect a congregation of hydrocarbon various species Ghanaian Naval Force? responsible for strategic to show the flag of Ghana to large numbers of maritime of fish and mineral resources. I am the 17th chief of planning for the future the international community stakeholders both local and Which will help to uplift the the Naval staff and today development and expansion in the same area we are international as well as chiefs social economic development I’m excited and feel highly of the navy including new also undertaking search of the navy’s sub- region and of the sub-region. But at the available honored to led and represent acquisitions. The Mandate and rescue operations and from other international same time the region has a FALL 2019 the Ghana Navy as it of the of the Navy as it was non-combat evacuation of countries to come and discuss peripheral of trade celebrates 60 years of the when it was established Ghanaian nationals who are principle issues facing the 1. Piracy Naval excellence. As chief of and still today, is to protect held in various situations in maritime security of the 2. Armed Robbery the naval staff I’m responsible and defend the maritime other countries. The above is Africa and the Gulf of Guinea. 3. Illegal unregulated to the chief of defense staff territorial integrity of Ghana the mandate of the Navy. At the conference we hope to and un reported fishing through the minister of from any form of aggression be discussing and having a 4. Illegal smuggling w w w . r o l a n d a c h e n j a n g . c o m / b o o k defense to the commander and maintain total freedom What are you most conversation about modern of fuel in chief the President of at the sea. Which is critical looking forward to with technical innovations 5. Drugs and a whole the republic for the overall for Ghana’s maritime security International Maritime and cabbing the illegal lot of maritime crimes. command and control of and economic prosperity Defense Exhibition unregulated, unreported These crimes are trans- PAV - JUN 2019 - MAG 0619 Vol 2 29 PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Inside Africa

national in nature and no country has found a way to How do you foresee the fight them. So, the Yawonde regions’ nations working code of conduct and Ecowas together to curb illegal maritime integrated activity on the Gulf of strategies do is to pull the Guinea? What are some resources of these nations of the challenges and in a coordinated manner, requirements to improve share information, conduct regional coordination in preparations in a conducted the maritime domain? fashion so that we can There are challenges, host address the challenge of the countries in the sub region Gulf of Guinea. have no level of maritime There is the annual exercise domain awareness. There OBANGAMI Express which is are also weak legal and led by the USA Army which judicial systems to prosecute brings all navies together. criminals that are arrested, The 10th Alteration of the weak infrastructure and exercise will be held in March funding. As the population 2020. And I am pleased to in the countries of West announce that Ghana has Africa begin to be sensitized navies, coast guards, zone was operationalized an asset in support of the graciously offered to host the to see the importance of the marine police, customs with the Head Quarters in operations. The last zone next exercise OBANGAMI sea and resources they have, and ports) collaboration Benin and that has Nigeria in the ECOWAS sub-region Express in Accra. There are maybe more resources will in securing regional Benin, Togo, Burkina is zone E which is being other initiatives by the French be channeled to resourcing seas? How has Ghana Faso. Currently they have established in Cape Verde, it Navy that brings the navies the maritime security Navy spearheaded these established headquarters for will include Senegal, Gambia, together we have collaborated agencies then we can see an joint operations within zone F in Ghana which is yet Guinea Bissau, Mali and with partners from Germany, improvement in the level of Ghana’s EEZ? to be operationalized with the Cape Verde. When all these Dutch, Portuguese, Italian coordination and operations The Implementation of the deployment of international 3 zones are operationalized and the Spanish Navy. These in the navy and sub region. Ecowas Integrated maritime offices from the navies of Cote then the region will be able to are a lot of initiatives in strategy holds the key to a d’ivoire, Liberia, Guinea and coordinate very well through the sub region to curb the Define the increasing source of any initiative or Burkina Faso. information sharing and increasing maritime crimes importance of effort to cab the illegalities Burkina Faso does not have coordinated operation or threats. interagency (including at the see. In 2015 the pilot a navy, but they are providing A Legacy Dismantled: The Root Cause of Khama-Masisi Rift By Prince Kurupati otswana for the first Botswana for close to 10 years time in its history, stepped down paving way Bcertainly since its for longtime ally Mokgweetsi attainment of independence Masisi, a man whom he is experiencing something personally handpicked. In that it has never experienced picking Mokgweetsi Masisi to before i.e. power struggles be his successor, Ian Khama at the top of the political had liked one thing and one hierarchy. thing alone in Masisi - his For years, Botswana has loyalty. For years, Masisi was been an envy of many both Khama’s right-hand man at on the African continent one point publicly accepting and abroad owing to its that he was a ‘bootlicker’. smooth power transitions. The divorce has been consumated between Former President Khama and Unbeknown to Khama However, what looked like successor President Masisi. and the general public, a smooth power transfer a nothing but a smokescreen, orchestrated by a once Over a year ago, Ian Khama, however, was the fact that year ago seems to have been a smokescreen beautifully ‘bootlicker’ cum ‘strategist’. the man who had ruled Masisi was only a ‘bootlicker’ 30 PAV - JUN 2019 - MAG 0619 Vol 2 Inside Africa Inside Africa PAN AFRICAN VISIONs

in so far as attaining his sensitivities around granting own personal goal - rising any recognition at all to the to the top political office in Dalai Lama, Tibet’s spiritual Botswana. Effectively, this, leader. When he ascended therefore, meant that Masisi to power, Masisi however was a ‘bootlicker’ on the quickly praised China for its outside but a cunning and role in Africa’s development. manipulative strategist on A Rift Clear for All to See the inside. Masisi’s brilliance Khama and Masisi have in plotting his ascension to certainly not been diplomatic power paid dividend when he in their intentions to hide was appointed to become the their animosity towards country’s VP, a position which each other. Khama has meant that he was next in line gone on record stating that to become the president. Masisi is dragging Botswana Masisi has emerged from the shadow of Khama and is now his own man. Unsurprisingly, Masisi’s backwards. Masisi has not ‘unrevealed and conceived’ Khama, on the other hand, is in office has removed the ban African region, Khama was in many words stated that plans to rise to the top determined to ensure that his on the culling of elephants known to be the only vocal there is a rift between him political office not as a way legacy lives to fight another allowing hunters to engage in president who was against and Khama, but his actions of blindly following Khama day. trophy hunting in order to cull ZANU (PF) and Mugabe’s say a lot. The actions include pronouncements but a The ‘Elephants’ in the the ever-increasing elephant hegemony in Zimbabwe. reversing a raft of Khama machination of his own did Room population. Not just this but Khama made his thoughts decisions and appointments not go down well with Khama Khama is well known Masisi also issued a decree known as he time and time as well as restricting Khama’s when he finally came to know and proudly calls himself a stating that all game rangers again criticized Zimbabwe perks and privileges, about it. However, it was conservationist. Owing to his and other like individuals for its acts of mis governance including reportedly curbing well too late for Khama to conservationist background, be disarmed. The combined including human rights the former president’s do anything because he only during Khama’s presidency, effect of this, therefore, abuses. However, when he proclivity to commandeer and came to know about Masisi’s he did all he can to protect meaning that Khama’s legacy ascended to power, Masisi, fly official aircraft whenever true intentions when he had Botswana’s massive herd of is being disintegrated bit by took a different stance as he he wanted to. already ascended to the post, elephants. This even though bit. embraced the ‘long history While the two men may not he had always aspired for Botswana housed more Purging of Khama Allies and ties’ that exist between clearly state the real reason himself i.e. the presidency. elephants (over 100 000) While Masisi was certainly Harare and Gaborone. behind their animosity, the Khama only knew about than it could sustainably one of the more noticeable Masisi went further to invite threat of a legacy on the Masisi’s true intentions when support. henchmen for Khama, Khama Zimbabwean president edge is certainly the one he in an instant soon after All over the world, Khama did, however, have other allies Emmerson Mnangagwa to his main thing that has angered being inaugurated president was therefore known to be and friends most notably then country on two occasions first Khama. This is brilliantly took measures to dump and the protector of wildlife tourism minister Tshekedi in signing a memorandum espoused by UB political disband all that Khama had most notably elephants. In Khama and intelligence of understanding that saw and administrative studies done during his presidency. helping to protect wildlife, chief Isaac Kgosi. When he Botswana diamond experts lecturer, Adam Mfundo’s who This to Khama meant Masisi’s Khama banned the culling ascended to power, Masisi committing to help Zimbabwe asserts that “What broke the ascension to power was not a of elephants and other wild took the unexpected decision polish its own diamonds and relationship are statements move to advance both their animals, banned and placed to demote Tshekedi Khama secondly during the Elephant that denigrated Khama’s interests but advance only his heavy penalties for poaching to the less important youth Summit. legacy as well as not fulfilling interests. and ensured that all game and sports portfolio while Besides establishing the promises the two men While Masisi’s decision to rangers and others tasked relieving Issac Kgosi of his cordial ties with Zimbabwe, entered into. Khama had conceal his true intentions with protecting wild animals duties. Just to demonstrate Masisi also took the legitimate expectations that certainly angered Khama, are armed whenever on duty that he was doing away with unexpected step in embracing the incumbent will protect the real bone of contention so as to effectively deal with Khama’s legacy, Kgosi’s and warming up to China. his interests. That abrogation between the two today is not any problem people notably replacement was none other During his time in office, which amounted to sheer down to Masisi’s ‘treachery’ poachers. than Peter Magosi, a man Khama did not shy away from betrayal ,triggered a chain but rather the dismantling of While Khama’s whom Khama had once fired. criticizing China. Khama of events. Statements from a legacy that Khama built in conservationist stance On the International Front berated China for the poor the Office of the President his 10 years in charge. Masisi is regarded as one of his On the international front, quality of its workmanship attacking personal Khama is determined to dismantle legacies, that legacy has been Masisi is also moving to in a coal-fired power station and his associates prompted Khama’s legacy while in the put online by his successor reverse all that Khama was it built in Botswana. He Khama to retaliate.” process building his own. Masisi who in his first year known for. In the southern also defied Beijing’s ultra-

Call / eMail Us Tel:2404292177, email: [email protected], [email protected] PAV - JUN 2019 - MAG 0619 Vol 2 31 PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Inside Africa Rwanda France Honeymoon: Franco-Rwandan Cultural Centre To Be Reopened In Kigali By Maniraguha Ferdinand wanda and France Early June this year, Paris are willing to reopen Mayor Anne Hidalgo was RFranco-Rwanda in Rwanda in official visit Cultural Centre in the city of to promote good relations Kigali, which was demolished between both cities. five years ago. During her visit, mayor The centre had been of Kigali, Marie Chantal there for years, it dates back Rwakazina told press that before 1994 when Rwanda they are planning to revive French relations where Franco-Rwandan cultural blossoming during Francois centre, but she declined to Mitterrand regime in France reveal when the project is and Habyarimana Juvenal in going to start. Rwanda. She said that “Rebuilding The cultural centre that Franco-Rwandan cultural President Paul Kagame of Rwanda and Macron of France.Relations between used to be a place of artists centre is one of the project the two countries have not been the best. and culture development, we are working on with was demolished in 2014 when French embassy in Kigali. direction after the coming language in Rwanda. our education system delayed Rwanda French relations was Discussions are going on. We of Emmanuel Macron as In 2008, Rwanda switched our quality of education. in despair due to political are looking for the place on president of France two years from French to English in its Many of our teachers were tensions. which where they can resume ago. entire education system. By taught in French however By the time French had their activities soon”. In March last year, Rwanda the time, Rwanda stressed they are now have to teach reopened the enquiry into the Franco-Rwandan cultural president Paul Kagame was the move was driven by the in English which they don’t shooting down of the plane centre used to house a big welcomed by his counterpart fact that it was joining the master.” Habineza said that was carrying former library, French teaching Macron in Elysee palace. East African Community Dr Ismael Buchanan, a president Habyarimana. room, cultural trainings, In October the same year, whose members are almost senior lecturer at University Rwanda’s current govermnet small concerts etc. Kagame told France 24 English speakers , however of Rwanda and political officials have been alleged Macron’s freshness into that “President Macron has analysts said it was political. analyst told Pan Africa by France to be behind the Franco-Rwandan politics brought some freshness into French language was Visions that French business incident, but Rwanda denies The move to reopen comes politics, not only in France, replaced amid bitter relations people tend to flourish into the allegations. after six months French but in Africa and the rest of between Kigali and Paris. Rwanda due to the reopening Cultural building was judges closed definitively the world. he represented Some Rwandan officials were of cultural centre. destroyed, with Kigali city investigation in the shooting something new and different”. accused of shooting down “Many French tourists will council saying it doesn’t of Habyarimana plane. Analysts say reopening Habyarimana plane while come to Rwanda and boost respect the new master plan Relations between two cultural center is a good sign Rwanda was accusing French tourism revenue. It will also rules. countries took another the normalization of relations of its involvement in genocide open doors to other French between both against the tutsi in 1994. investors who want to explore countries. “This is a good sign. It potentials in Rwanda”, Dr Frank follows the decision recently Buchanan said. Habineza, take by president Emmanuel Habineza finds reopening Democratic Macron of forming a the centre as a good message Green Party of commission that will look into to Rwandan French speakers, Rwanda leader, his country’s involvement in who want to look for jobs an opposition genocide.” Habineza told Pan in other French speaking party lauded African Visions. contries. the move, He adds that reopening “Nowadays, chances for adding that the centre will also promote Rwandan nationals to get he hopes this French as language and he jobs in French speaking will lead to re- hopes that someday it will be countries have reduced. strengthening brought in schools as it were Cultural centre revival will French as a before. boost opportunities for The former structure was shut down in 2014. strong official “Removing French from them.” He said 32 PAV - JUN 2019 - MAG 0619 Vol 2 Inside Africa Inside Africa PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Six million people to face food insecurity in South Sudan – UN Agencies warn By Deng Machol uba – More than six first five months of the year, million people will face with more than 90 per cent Ja critical lack of food of those children recovering,” in South Sudan, the highest said Mohamed Ag Ayoya, ever, 61 per cent of the UNICEF’s Representative country’s population, three in South Sudan. “But United Nations agencies malnutrition levels remain have warned critical in many areas and According to the Integrated our fear is that the situation Food Security Phase could worsen in the coming Classification (IPC) update months.” released recently in Juba by the Government of South Delayed rains, high food Sudan in collaboration with prices the Food and Agriculture The UN agencies further Organization of the United argued that the ongoing Nations (FAO), the United president Salva Kiir and a position he held before food production and increase lean season started early Nations Children›s Fund his designated deputy Dr. a conflict broke out were of yields in South Sudan are following record low stocks (UNICEF) and the World Riek Machar, disgraced an delayed after there was no reliant on the maintenance from the poor 2018 harvest Food Programme (WFP), an unwavering sacrifices and funding to disarm, retrain of peace, and must be given a and has been extra extended estimated 6.96 million South contributions of the citizens and integrate militias and chance,” said Meshack Malo, by the delayed onset of 2019 Sudanese will face acute for the decades. rebels, until November 12, FAO Representative in South seasonal rains. levels of food insecurity or In the process, through 2019. Sudan. “FAO is working with This, combined with worse (IPC Phases 3, 4 and 5) the regional blocs’ effort, the The UN food agencies says returning farmers to assist persistent economic by the end of July. warring parties reached a the effective implementation them to resettle, build assets instability, the effects of In the joint statement, the fragile ceasefire and peace of the peace agreement and adapt to changing rainfall previous years of conflict and IPC phase projected that deal in September, 2018, and political stability are patterns,” he added. “But related asset depletion and 21,000 people will likely promising to ended the civil imperative to allow urgent there is still much work to be population displacements, face a catastrophic lack of war that has claimed nearly and scaled-up humanitarian done to increase their ability have contributed to the food access, while about 1.82 400, 000 lives and uprooted assistance to protect to deal with such shocks in a disruption of livelihoods and million will face Emergency 4 million people from their livelihoods and boost sustainable manner.” has reduced people’s ability and another 5.12 million homes, before ruined the agricultural production “With greater stability in to access food. people will face Crisis - country’s economy. across the country to save the country, access to those in Also, high food prices levels of food insecurity But, the plans to form a lives. need has improved, allowing caused by last year’s poor respectively. power sharing government in “This update to the IPC us to treat more than 100,000 harvests, market disruptions Though, compared to last May 12, returned Dr. Machar reveals that much work needs children suffering from due to insecurity, high January’s forecast for the as the president Kiir’s deputy, to be done. The recovery of severe malnutrition in the transport costs and a period May – July 2019, depreciated currency are also 81,000 more people than contributing to the high levels originally projected are facing of acute food insecurity in food insecurity or worse, South Sudan. particularly in the Jonglei, “The hunger season Lakes, Unity and Northern coincides with the rainy Bahr el Ghazal states season and that’s a perfect respectively. storm in South Sudan,” said South Sudan split from Ronald Sibanda, WFP’s Sudan in 2011, following Country Director in South decades of scorched – earth Sudan. “As we ramp up our conflict, but the world response, the race is now youngest country returned against time and nature – we into another civil war in must act now to save the lives late 2013, after a political and livelihoods of the millions disagreement between on the brink of starvation.” PAV - JUN 2019 - MAG 0619 Vol 2 33 PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Inside Africa South Sudan appeals for $12 M to boost Ebola dispersal, preparedness By Deng Machol uba - South Sudan in Uganda are sobering urgently needs US$ reminders that the Ebola J12 million to sustain virus has no respect for and improve Ebola Virus borders,” said the Minister of Disease (EVD) preparedness Health Hon. Dr Riek Gai Kok and prevention measures to in Juba. “With the outbreak protect people in the conflict- in DRC not yet under control affected country following and spreading, we have to reports of Ebola cases in take urgent steps to further neighboring Uganda. protect people in South On Thursday, the Ministry Sudan and make sure we can of Health together with respond quickly if the virus the United Nations and crosses into our country. On its partners launched an behalf of the government updated plan on how to of South Sudan and our prevent the disease spreading implementing partners, I Ebola is no respecter of borders says Minister of Health Dr Riek Gai Kok. from neighbouring countries appeal to our donors to bridge and to adequately prepare for the funding gap and help us for front-line health workers; Coordinator for the UN in sites at border entry points; a possible outbreak in South stay Ebola-free,” he added. improve and increase number South Sudan, Dr. Olushayo the establishment of four Sudan. South Sudanese Ministry of isolation units and expand Olu. “The cost of a fully- isolation units with dedicated This came a few days of Health, the UN and risk communication and fledged outbreak is staggering ambulances; the training of after the first Ebola partners have been working community mobilization. In compared to prevention, 900 frontline health care cases were confirmed in collectively since August 2018 addition, a 72-hour outbreak and would include immense workers and community neighbouring Uganda, while on prevention and readiness. response and containment human suffering, long- term volunteers on signs, in the Democratic Republic The new plan builds on plan and vaccine readiness economic damage, further symptoms and protective of Congo (DRC) the number achievements from the strategy will be put in place. depletion of an already weak measures, including infection of EVD cases has surpassed previous period, identifies “The cases in Uganda were healthcare system. We cannot prevention and control; the 2,000. gaps and prioritizes activities detected early thanks to the allow it to happen.” training and equipping of However, the World for another six months. preparedness measures in Since August 2018, 28 Rapid Response Teams Health Organization says The most urgent steps place and sends the message generous and timely donor (RRTs) to respond to alerts; it has assessed the risk of going forward are improve that investing in prevention contributions have enabled and the pre-positioning the disease spreading to the the existing surveillance and preparedness is not a number of prevention of personal protective world youngest country as system with a greater focus only the right thing to do, and preparedness activities equipment (PPE) in high-risk “very high”. on community- based it is the smart thing to do,” to take place, including locations including screening “The confirmed cases surveillance; scale up training said acting Humanitarian setting up 25 screening and surveillance points. South Sudan which gained her independence in 2011 from Sudan, has six bordering entries in East Africa. Due to the five – year conflict, which has killed nearly 400,000 people and uprooted four million people from their homes – there is daily movement of the people between the Uganda and Congo’s borders entries, which draw fear that Ebola is easy to spread to South Sudan if preventive measures are not given serious attention.

Dr Olu at a public function with Minister for Health, Dr Riek Gai Kok. 34 PAV - JUN 2019 - MAG 0619 Vol 2 Inside Africa Inside Africa PAN AFRICAN VISIONs

PAV - JUN 2019 - MAG 0619 Vol 2 35 PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Inside Africa Nigerians expectations from Buhari's "next level" themed second term. By Teslim Olawore igerian President as the N-Power employment Muhammadu scheme, the Trader Moni NBuhari was sworn scheme, the Cash Transfer in on Wednesday 29th of May scheme etc. that directly for a second term at a low- target the unemployed. key inauguration ceremony Tackling insecurity in the in which he surprised many north-eastern part of the by not delivering a speech. country is already a priority. Nigerians have begun to set The military is fighting the agenda for him, in his second insurgency in the northeast, term that has been themed while contending with the “Next Level,” signalling communal violence over his determination to build on grazing land in central states. programmes initiated in the However, a sudden surge first term. of bandit attacks and other The septuagenarian and Mr Buhari was recently sworn in for his second and last term of office. violence in the northwest former military leader faces in 2018, after slipping into to the exploration and term was to create jobs by needs an urgent intervention. a long list of expectations recession in 2016. exploitation of many other providing credit to micro and Nigerians want President from Nigerians, this include Nigerians expect the fonts of revenue in the second small enterprises, especially Buhari to firm up the security resetting a sluggish economy, government to continue with term of this government. in the agro-processing sector. of the country in his second creating employment diversification of the economy Buhari should prioritize But job creation by small term. The government should opportunities and combating as it largely accounts for why programme and projects enterprises usually takes show clear decisiveness a decade-old insecurity, Nigeria was able to exit from that will boost the economy, time. And the number of and intolerance to both the among many others. a recession imposed by the generate employment and jobs is never on the scale of perpetrators and sponsors Buhari has failed to crash in oil prices and the promote inclusive growth of large enterprises. The end of insecurity in the country address poverty in his first megalomania of the past the common Nigerian. result has been that most to send clear messages to term. Nigeria overtook India regimes. Before Buhari, Nigeria’s high Nigerians feel economically all, that life would not be as the country with the largest Nigeria had solely depended unemployment rate has marginalised in spite of allowed to be cheapened for number of people living in on petroleum, neglecting the created a bloated and Buhari’s best efforts. the ulterior interests of a few extreme poverty. About 87 rich natural endowments unproductive informal Buhari’s second term selfish bloody hawks in the million Nigerians, or half the the country is blessed with. sector, replete with millions should be characterised society. population, live on less than Nigerians expect that more of underemployed youths. with different bold social There are many other US$1.90 per day. impetus should be given Buhari’s response in the first intervention schemes such expectations Nigerians have News Agency of Nigeria of President Buhari in his (NAN) reported that a recent second term, one of which interview of prominent is the anti-corruption battle Nigerians shows that many he started in his first term expect the president to pay which is expected to be greater attention to reset sustained, another is the the economy. This is more problem of power supply, important considering that which is very important to an economy that was growing industrialisation and well- at an average annual Gross being of the people. Nigerians Domestic Product (GDP) expect Buhari to solve the rate of about six per cent, problem of epileptic power prior to when the president supply and also introduce was elected in 2015, has new set of interventions that continued to totter, as it will truly take Nigeria to the managed to achieve 1.93 As Buhari starts the second term,many of his first term promises remained “next level”. largely unfulfilled. per cent annual growth rate

Call / eMail Us Tel:2404292177, email: [email protected], [email protected] 36 PAV - JUN 2019 - MAG 0619 Vol 2 Inside Africa Inside Africa PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Role of Women in Conflict Management and Peace Building in Africa. By Papisdaff Abdullah

he African continent the Ghana Armed Forces were This give credence to the differently able to contribute against women and girls has for decades celebrated to have performed position that women, when to preventing and stopping is widespread in conflicts Tbeen reported to ground breaking roles in the engaged in peacemaking conflicts, as well as rebuilding and continue to be used as be notorious for political ongoing peace operations and peace building as communities afterward. This a tactic in war especially in instability and conflicts in the Democratic Republic planners, implementers and is a radical departure from Africa. Therefore the UN spanning years in certain of Congo (DRC). The Ghana beneficiaries, help prevent decades of thinking and has adopted international parts. The situation has Battalion (GHANBATT) deadly conflicts and restore policies that rendered both commitments and by set greatly affected development Female Engagement Team peace in fragile parts of the crimes against women and goals of protecting women on the continent said to be (FET) deployed in the United world. It also accentuates women’s roles in conflict during periods of conflict endowed with vast deposits Nations Stabilization Mission the fact that the role of situations invisible. and supporting their full of natural resources. Recent in Congo (MONUSCO) female soldiers have evolved Head of Political Affairs and participation in the process of developments in Western epitomizes such an evolution within the modern concept International Cooperation peace negotiations and post- Africa and the Sahel with with the deployment of female of Multi-Dimensional Peace Division ECOWAS Dr conflict reconstruction. increasing level of instability soldiers in combat roles. The Operations. Onyinye Onwuka said This interest has been due to insurgencies, terrorist Team composed of female The international “ECOWAS has recently partly motivated by questions attacks and communal soldiers with vast experience communities evolving taken additional steps to of justice and fairness – a conflict among others, is have developed trust-based recognition that conflict strengthen its institutional rights-based approach that resulting in a seeming state and enduring relationships affects men and women capacity to deliver on its addresses past grievances of insecurity among nationals with women and children in differently is an essential first Peace and Security mandate.” against women, who are and to wit, accompanied the local communities they step in developing gendered “Such giant steps include the the main victims of conflict. worry for the international encounter during patrols responses to conflict, establishment of the Women Most peace agreements on community. in the GHANBATT area of empowering women in the Peace and Security Unit under the African continent and Women, like their male operations in the DRC. prevention and ending of the new Human Security and other parts of the world do counterparts on the continent The combatant’s conflicts, and the rebuilding Civil Society Division and the not require the participation have proven capable of gradual shift from service of communities after conflict. Women Peace and Security of women in the Peace advancing development support roles as previously It has been established that Advisory Committee within Building process, thus the through individual efforts undertaken to a more men and women who are the Department of Political commissions are almost and or collaborations. This complex operational roles is often tasked with different Affairs, Peace and Security,” always male dominated. This happens with or without the one of many instances that roles within conflict settings, she noted. imbalance quiets women’s contribution from men. Just supports convictions that they are affected uniquely by According to the voices on the issues of internal recently, female Soldiers of are key in peace operations. the conflict and may be UNWOMEN, sexual violence displacement, trafficking PAV - JUN 2019 - MAG 0619 Vol 2 37 PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Inside Africa

in women and girls, sexual panafricanvisions.com violence, abuses by security “women also do a very good forces, and the rebuilding job in peace building. So in of maternal health care and line with the resolutions of girls’ education, issues that the United Nations on women are given less attention, if empowerment, it is critical to addressed at all by the male prioritize women involvement dominated working groups. in conflict management”. Experts are therefore The envoy emphasized “we advocating for UN and think that African women are individual states to improve strong so if empowered, they their capacity to measure the will really make a difference impact of actions on women in this area. They need to be and meet their commitments empowered with duties and to develop gender-sensitive capacity building programs responses, including through as well as given the chance the deployment of specialized to take over responsibility police units and the training in conflict management and of peacekeepers in areas of peace building” The Ghanbatt Fetin Full Combat Dress In A Group Photograph With The gender-based violence and Special Representative Of The Secretary General Ms Leila Zerrogui. The deployment and use of protection. Women and more women with expertise women’s organizations must of the underlying causes and women also contributed to the two key documents outlining in psychology, medicine and also be engaged in the process drivers of conflict. The role Cote d’Ivoire peace process. the rights and obligations of bilateral negotiations among to end the conflict, including of women is crucial in this For the most part, their the international community, other fields is, therefore, an early negotiations between regard,” he noted. support involved promoting governments and civil society essential operational strategy parties. The UNOWAS head gender-sensitive language in with regard to women in that has to be considered Special Representative of revealed that “Some of the peace agreements and other conflict. to adequately achieve set the UN Secretary General women trained have been negotiation documents,” he Austrian Director for objectives of the missions in for West Africa and the engaged in formal mediation said. Africa and Cooperation with armed conflict like protection Sahel continues to reiterate processes but not all. A few Recognition of the gendered African Union Special Envoy of civilians’; especially the vital role of women in women were involved in the nature of conflict was codified for Relations with Africa, the vulnerable third party peace building and conflict political dialogues in Guinea in the Beijing Declaration Ambassador Dr. Andreas victims like women, and to resolution across the in 2013 and 2015. Many and Platform for Action Melan during a working also mitigate risks before, continent, and the world women were engaged during (1995) and Security Council visit to the Kofi Annan during and after any military at large. Dr Mohamed Ibn the Mali peace processes in Resolution 1325 on Women, International Peacekeeping operations. Chambas said “as the UN 2012 and in 2015.” “Some Peace and Security (2000), and Training Center told Sadly, courageous and SG Special Representative, I talented women peace am committed to promoting builders face discrimination in gender parity through my legal, cultural and traditional good offices in the region. practices; hostility from men Without women’s inclusion, in power, often translate peace is not sustainable.” into threats of violence; and Dr Chambas added widespread sexual violence “protecting human rights is used as a weapon of war. In enshrined in national and this light, it has become for regional protocols and laws. the mobilization of women Civil society is dynamic, across international borders dedicated and stronger. At to share experiences, provide the same time, insecurity is mutual support, and increase growing in many places in visibility. The more women the region. In recent months are engaged in peacemaking we have witnessed increasing and peace building as attacks by terrorist and armed planners, implementers and groups in Mali, Burkina beneficiaries, the more deadly Faso, Niger and the Lake conflict we will prevent and Chad Basin.” “To address A Ghanbatt Female Soldier Interacting With School Children At Mutiene resolve in the world. these challenges, we need to Commune During A Tree Planting Exercise Organised By Ghanbatt. deepen our understanding 38 PAV - JUN 2019 - MAG 0619 Vol 2 Inside Africa Inside Africa PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Swedish Journalist recounts her horrible experience in the Rwandan Genocide By Jean-Pierre Afadhali

Swedish writer and province) the time it had just photojournalist fallen.” Recalled Von Hall Awho covered 1994 Journalists reached Genocide against Tutsis in Gitarama when then Rwanda has recently given government had fled. unpublished photos to the Photos were never Kigali genocide Memorial published Museum for archiving to She then wrote a story and preserve memory and educate sent to her newspaper but the future generations. pictures were not published Ms. Gunilla Von Hall, one because they were too brutal. of foreign journalists who “Ethically it is wrong to witnessed the Genocide was do that, because people have recently in Rwanda to mark to had dignity in death,” 25 years anniversary of the explained Ms. Hall Genocide against Tutsis and “We discussed it a lot in given 112 photos she took a way I said we had to show during the genocide to the what happened,” she said, Gunilla at Kigali Genocide Memorial. Genocide memorial managers adding that the time they to be used as archives. then saw bodies floating photojournalist it was in as much as I could.” Noted were in Nyarubuye they did As Rwanda marks 25th down in Akagera / Kagera April, but she can’t remember Ms. Hall not know that it was the anniversary of 1994 Genocide River between Tanzania and the exact time. “It was hard to At the time she took genocide. against Tutsis, there are Rwanda side. say when the massacres were my pictures with the old- “I had no idea this is what still needs of archives of the “I don’t know how we saw perpetrated from the bodies,” fashioned camera and then genocide looks alike,” said the tragedy to document tragic [the bodies] but I remember she said. they left. The bodies were journalist. events for Rwandans and the that is how it started,” said On arrival in Nyarubuye, decomposing. World. Gunilla in an interview. the journalists were According to the Swedish Opposing arguments The Genocide memorial “That’s when we realized that shocked after witnessing the journalist, there were many Twenty five years after the has physical repository for there was something really massacres that had happened women, children and men 1994 Genocide the Swedish archives as well as website horrible going on in that in the area. killed with machetes, others publication run a story on accessible around the world. country, we have to get in,” According to official data shot. “It was really like a the sad anniversary but again The photojournalist who recounted Ms. Van Hall around 59,000 people were ritual killings almost,” She pictures were not used. works for Svenska Dagbladet- Ms. Gunilla informed an killed in Kirehe district where recalled There were two arguments, a Swedish international American journalist who the church the journalists “It was killing an ethnic one saying pictures should newspaper narrated how a had a contact in Rwanda visited is located. group but we did not be published to show their story on Rwandan refugees in Patriotic Army (former “We stepped out the car understand what was going audience that it was not usual Tanzania led her to Rwanda rebels who were fighting and there were just piles of on.” The photojournalist killings. during the massacres that the Rwandan government dead people around us.” The added. On the other hand there became the Genocide against in 1994 responsible for the Swedish journalist narrated. They then went to Nyamata, was another argument Tutsis and how she end up Genocide). Journalists did not know in Eastern Province; they that photos should not be taking horrible photos that The soldier from the rebel what was going on. ”We were travelling with the RPA published to protect the were never published. movement took them into thought it was some kind of rebel. That was the time victims and their families. It all started in Tanzania Rwanda. “We had a driver civil war that was going on the RPA rebels had taken where Ms. Hall was covering from Tanzania and he took but did not know who was Nyarubuye and Nyamata. The return to Rwanda refugee story in Benaco us to Nyarubuye church,” killing who. “We went to a church The Swedish education camp for Tutsis who had recounted Hall. Nyarubuye “We just took pictures where the massacres had television was doing two fled when the Genocide church is in Kirehe district, and I am also a writer, took taken place, bodies were documentaries on 25th started. The photographer Eastern Rwanda. notes as much as I could and everywhere then we went Anniversary of the genocide and her American colleague According to the I tried to register everything to Gitarama (Southern focusing on Rwanda after the

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PAV - JUN 2019 - MAG 0619 Vol 2 39 PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Inside Africa

Genocide. was another planet.” The documentary was I could not believe screened at the Kigali Nyarubuye it was all clean, Genocide Memorial during there were students in functions to hand over schools, people singing, the photos, and in Sweden. church was beautiful; she The TV had invited Ms. noted. Von Hall to travel with them Ms Hall gave photos to the to Rwanda in January to Genocide memorial through shoot the film. They then the Swedish Embassy in asked if she had pictures of Kigali that informed the the Genocide. national commission against “They (Pictures) were the genocide. all negative, I scanned and “Pictures are now where print and we went back they belong. I am proud to to Nyarubuye. They did a give them to your country documentary,” she narrated. [Rwanda],” the Swedish “For me Nyarubuye was like journalist said. another planet. I was there Gunilla poses for a photo in Kigali. during the Genocide now it Zoom On The Shocking Figures And Tragic Consequences Of Illicit Finance On Africa By Nevson Mpofu

llicit Finance Flows Domestic Product rise. cost Africa $50 billion a Iyear. This is more than PAV Journalist –‘’As an the total sum of Direct AID Expert in Finance can the continent receives in you play around with form of Bilateral and Multi- figures to confirm this? Lateral AID .Organisation Professor Mthuli Ncube- for Economic Co-Operation --‘’Note. It is painful that and Development [OECD] African countries lose $50 Report reveals that between billion a year then you 1980 and 2009 Illicit Finance multiply by 10 years it gives Flows from the continent you $150 billion lost in a over the 30 year period decade. You then multiply ranged from $1, 2 trillion to by 4 decades from 1980 $1, 4 trillion. This could be to this decade, it gives you continuing if Accountability $ 600 billion lost so far and Transparency continues .This is far the amount in to fall out of control. total needed to develop the Illicit Finance Flows is continent. This in Growth money illegally earned, un- and Development terms receipted, transferred and range from Industrialisation, utilised in violation with the Infrastructure development, Law. Africa has over the past Food Security, hunger decades lost heavily to illicit were between 7, 5% and 11, A Mathematical Finance Studies and Lecturer Mthuli eradication, developing finance flows. It is money of 6% of total Trade in 2014. Expert, Zimbabwe’s Minister Ncube caught up with Health and Education private individual transfer to These translate outflows into of Finance and Economic this Pan-African Visions to achieve Sustainable private accounts in and out $36 billion to $69 billon. Planning and Development, Journalist .He cites several Development Goals. of the country. According This Research is Just the 1st Former Vice President painful reasons in line with ‘’ More to it Africa itself to the Global Financial drop of statistics in an ocean. of African Development negative finance illicit rackets in 2014 lost $ 469 billion. Integrity Report, Africa is Much of it was destroyed by Bank and Witwatersrand which have lowered down This is more than total top. Illicit Finance Flows those suspected. University Head of Business African Countries in Gross annual financing required 40 PAV - JUN 2019 - MAG 0619 Vol 2 Inside Africa Inside Africa PAN AFRICAN VISIONs

to meet African Energy and 6 fastest growing Economies climate Adaptation needs of in the World. These are South $66 billion [$55 billion for Africa, Nigeria, Angola and Energy, 11 billion for Climate Zambia at the top. Adaptation. At least 2/3 of ‘’We are hampered by Africans, 645 million people illicit finance flows. Because need Energy in form of of this, the total amount Hydro-Electricity and Solar needed for Infrastructural Energy’’. development has gone high as $130 billion to $170 billion. PAV Journalist---‘’What A few years back it was at are Impacts in Terms of $93 billion . What it means the Economy? is times are fast changing. Professor Ncube Therefore we need to adjust ---‘’Africa has missed several by making new changes to Development opportunities Illicit financial flows have taken a devastating toll on Africa says Zimbabwean develop on some areas like Finance Minister Mthuli Ncube. from many donors through in Health, Education and the illicit activities. These have to note that the Extractive Growth and Development. Ncube stresses a point on Environment. negative impacts on the Industry, the best in Africa The problem goes deep to championing Inclusive ‘’The Accelerated Delivery development of the economy. is prone to illicit. Many as far as un-receipted tax Growth as the main measure Agenda of AFDB has made Imagine Africa recently had countries have suffered a collection, un-handed over Africa can move on with in strong strides to meet a corruption burden of $148 big blow yet to be put on tax to the Revenue Authority the next decades. This, he Borrowers Financial needs. billion yet it needed about US Accountability. In his words and corruption itself on the extends, takes in participation Secondly it has launched 93 billion for Infrastructural Professor Ncube commented boarders. and involvement which the New Deal on Energy. It Development. There are that the Extractive Industry ‘’There are sources of stands crucial in mapping installs an average of 460 several draw-backs and loop- is siphoned through many illicit finance flows. These Economic Growth and MW of New Power capacity. holes in the whole story. channels in the Region and are related to trade mis- Development. On top of 1511 MW is on Renewable This has made Africa lose the World at large. pricing, trade –transfers, thin good measures put in place, Energy capacity. ½ million opportunities from multi- PAV Journalist-----‘’You capitalisation, stolen goods Conflict Management in people are connected to lateral big, reliable donors have hinted on the Extractive and bribery. Get idealistic that conflict aftermath countries the GRID. The Feed Africa like the World Bank and Industry.. Explore more on some Companies lie about the could improve Economies. Strategy has supported 8,4 IMF. The biggest Human this.. value of their Imports and Stephen Yeboah a Research million farmers who got impact is on basic services Professor Ncube---‘’The exports to avoid taxes. There Consultant at African Natural support . Half of them are delivery loss, food-Insecurity, Extractive is the most are Under-Invoicing and Resources Centre of the women .1, 900 Kilometre of hunger, Extreme Poverty productive sector in the Over-Invoicing. This reduces African Development Bank feeder roads have been lined and Vulnerability.’’ Noted African Region. The sector Government Revenue. It added that Transparency is up. Professor Mthuli . is just under difficulties denies Customs duties, VAT above anything in-terms of ‘’Pro-Active Stakeholder The Extractive Sector is and mounting challenges. and other taxes. Wealth runs managing Natural Resources relations and good the most productive one in It is expropriated through out of the country. . This can lead to the governance anchored on the continent. Good Example cross boarder supply chains, Mthuli Ncube cited empowerment of all people in transparency. This is critical is in Oil Industry, Mining, Revenue generating and several solutions related need of support for Economic to growth of the African Agriculture, Forestry and technological specialisation. to addressing policy in- growth and development in Development Bank’’, we Wild- Life. From 2001 to PAV-‘’what are the other equalities and promotion of the Region. have done quite well with all 2014, 2/3 of World exports Sources? Inclusion in African Business PAV-‘’what can You Say our programs’’. Concludes from African countries, oil Professor Ncube ----‘’There Activities. He pointed out the about AFRICA in terms Yeboah . and gas made close to 50% are other financial mal- need to create decent work for of Illicit Finance Flows? Zimbabwe - Is among of total exports. This led to practices like Trade workers, good living wages Stephen Yeboah--- the countries more exposed increase in Foreign Direct improper-invoicing, in- and access to good services. AFDBANK ‘’Africa by now to illicit finance flows. Investments which rose from proper tax collection, grant This! He emphasises, must have gone higher than Several reasons have been $10 billion to $50 billion corruption from the top eliminates poverty in Africa any other continent in the cited why. The strong hold between 2000 and 2012. level and issue of nepotism .Above all he explains that World. Still, we are on the of Dictatorship, lack of If the funds were wisely biased contracts not well fragility in Africa is the recovery track from illicit Democracy, Social Justice used then Africa would have managed because of lack biggest challenge hampering Finance Flows. In 2018 and Liberalism in countries grown by almost 5% by the of expertise. These are true Development. Africa’s GDP was at 4, 1% with totalitarian rule answers end of 2018. It is then sad bottle-necks on Economic In his conclusion from 3, 6% in 2017. We had why illicit finance flows

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sector tops US$218 billion. Import Statistics . According to the High Level In bid to end illicit Report US$ 217 billion flowed finance flows AFRODAD in out of the country Fiscal partnership with churches Deficit is at -1,5% .Under- is running a number of Invoicing of Oil from Nigeria workshops in the SADC to South Africa was worth Region. It has done a number $69,7 billion equivalence of these workshops with the of 24,9% of oil to USA . Civil-Society, Parliament It is pathetic to note that and Community Based according to One Campaign Organisations. Their focus is , Nigeria Extractive Industry on emerging issues in finance Initiative , High level Report flows , Illicit and the digital titled ‘’Averting Illicit Finance economy , , tax base erosion , Flows in Nigeria Extractive profit shifting , Link between Industry and the Thabo debt and Illicit Finance Flows Mbeki Report , the country , challenges of illicit –finance is losing $15 to$18 billion flows in the context of service annually . By 2014 the Net delivery and the link between Impact on development is staggering says Stephen Yeboah. Total lost by the country had Illicit Finance Flows and are more in Africa. The According to Kimberly which South Africa was part reached $1 trillion. Corruption . other reason is long time Process, Zimbabwe in 2010 of in contribution. There are South Africa ------GFI There are some Laws lack of transparency and alone sold diamonds worth 97, 4% illicit REPORT used in the African Region to accountability. $2, 5 billion. Out of this Flows from Zimbabwe in Lost R37 billion in Revenue reduce crime. Some of these Zimbabwe ranks number amount with the Public racket link with China, USA, to Trade mis-invoicing in 5 are Anti-Money Laundering six [6] in Africa. According Accounts only $300 million Germany, Japan and South years, 2010 and 2014. This Proceeds of Crime Act, to Tafadzwa Chikumbu , appeared accounted for. Africa. is the largest component Criminal Law Codification ZIMCOD Policy Officer the From 2005 to 2015, it is of illicit. It has drained Act and Whistle Blowers country lost $12 billion to of clear evidence that if PAV---‘’Why is this developing countries in Protection Act. illicit finance flows between there was transparency in ill-practice more in much needed finances for African Parliamentary 1980 and 2003 . the mining of Diamonds in AFRICA? Infrastructural Development Net-Work against Corruption Zimbabwe, the country could Transparency International especially in Health and and the UNITED NATIONS PAV—‘’As an Expert in the have realised $15 billion ‘’Money in AID is less than Education and denying some Convention against Crime. Systems Accountability. dollars. The detrimental fact money lost to Illicit Finance Development Goals. This These are two organisations Tell Us More. lies with the fact that the Flows in Africa. There are has been proved so because working towards eradicating ZIMCOD Policy Officer Military had partnerships of reasons why we have these Trade Invoicing costs SA problems related to illicit ...‘’Audited to the surface, the 30% with Chinese companies high figures in the Region. $7,4 billion/year in Tax .[GFI finance flows in the African exact amount lost will never like Anhui Foreign Economic There are no illicit finance Report] ..Statistics of Trade Continent. A good example surface because there are Construction Group. flows tough laws adhered mis-invoicing between 2010 of how such problems are shady deals which occurred. To worse audits surfaced, to strictly because most of and 2014 are as follows.. reduced is of how Uganda Actually it is higher than from 2007 to 2013 Zimbabwe the activities occurs during Under Invoicing= R16,3 does it. When Public Accounts this figure. These were done lost $11,335,964 to Zambia times of political conflicts, billion Annually .. are being done and auditing by top Government officials, through Fisheries. In 2009 civil strife, wars and political Over-Invoicing=9,8 billion taking place, Parliamentary Private sector and Business it lost $17,3million in election motivated violence. Annually.. committees sits together Executives, dealers. Money Timber. Farai Matonho of ‘’This also explains why Exports Under- with members of the Central illegally earned, transferred Transparency International countries fail to sit and Invoicing=11,6 billion Investigations Department and utilised in violation with added that main sectors do audits because there Net Total=37,7 billion in 5 who then follow to do arrests the law defines illicit flows accounted for illicit finance will be much wave of fear, Years between 2010 and 2014 to those implicated. Several but with other countries it is flows. They range from the intimidation and terror. .. Civil Organisations have more than anywhere’’. Mining Sector, Agriculture, There is much hidden ZAMBIA.. Oil importing since time memorial from ‘’This illicit of money Fisheries, Forestry and Wild- information, truth and under-Invoicing in Zambia the beginning of this century transfer from private Life. Wild-Life lost $17, 423, display of information related reached $45,6 billion between talked about making African individuals to private 952 through poaching, ivory, to financial scandals and 1996 and 2014 period . Governments accountable accounts constitutes of 5%. trophy hunting fees from rackets. Records of $28,9 billion of and transparency through Drugs and weapons is 35%. 2011 to 2013. In 2009 in NIGERIA - In Nigeria, 90% copper exports to Switzerland death sentence like in Asian Commercial transactions Zimbabwe, there was over- foreign exchange earnings which constitutes more than countries. through Multi-Companies is invoicing which totalled $2, and ¾ Government Revenue ½ of all its copper exports 60%’’. 79 billion of mineral wealth of comes from Oil. Oil and Gas did not reflect in Switzerland 42 PAV - JUN 2019 - MAG 0619 Vol 2 Inside Africa Inside Africa PAN AFRICAN VISIONs

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PAV - JUN 2019 - MAG 0619 Vol 2 43 PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Inside Africa Federalism, local government autonomy and the crisis of identity in Nigeria By Austin Emaduku

ocal government out of the swamp, but you councils, counties, cannot take the swamp out Lprefectures, cities, of the hippopotamus. We boroughs, municipalities, etc., have been able to chase the the world over, are regarded military out of government, as vehicles of grassroots but we have not been able development because of their to take the military out of closeness to the people. It is our minds. The practice, for this reason that it is often structure and ideas of the argued that they be granted military’s command and obey enough financial strength system are still ingrained in and space to operate. our psyche and have tainted However, the question of our federalism and practice of municipal autonomy—the democracy. Thus, federalism extent of autonomy that as currently practiced in they should be granted— Nigeria is paternalistic, remains a key question in feudalistic, tokenistic and public administration and executed with military fiat. governance the world over. The local government In some countries that councils have been worst hit by operate a proper federal these systemic contradictions system, local government and military style governance councils are granted enough because of their unfortunate powers by the federating units position as the weakest to establish and maintain tier of government. The Austin Emaduku. their own local courts, fire constitutional provisions service and even police. The system of government which composition, finance and of the state governments effectively put them in a general practice in federal likes to call itself a federal functions of such councils.” (emboldened by the position of orphans. Added systems all over the world system. So, like the nation This is a typical exemple of provisions of Section 7(1) to this is the fact that people is that the councils are often itself, the local government the contradictions inherent in of the 1999 constitution) today are still under the granted enough autonomy, system is mired in the our quasi unitary constitution which have been at the heart wrong impression that the especially financial, which contradictions arising from masquerading as a federal of policy summersaults and local government councils enables them to manage this national misnomer. constitution. Thus we have crises of identity affecting lack the human capital to their affairs, establish Second is the confusion a legal framework which in governance at the grassroots manage their own affairs. schools, build roads, clean caused by the constitution one breath establishes the level. Hence, most often, decisions the environment, build and which grants “autonomy” to local governments as units of Fourth, perhaps most and policies affecting local maintain parks, and provide local government councils government at the grassroots crucial and central to the government administration necessary developmental with one hand and withdraws level and in another, positions entire issue of nation building are made without the input projects. This is in line with it with the other. Section 7(1) them as appendages of the is the Nigerian psyche. The of the critical stakeholders the general recognition of of the 1999 constitution, for states to administer as they military coup of 1966 and or people with practical the role of local government example, provides that: “The wish. This confusion is further the subsequent promulgation experience in local as engines of grassroots system of local government acerbated by the fact that the of a unitary decree by the government administration. development. by democratically elected same constitution recognizes General Aguyi Ironsi regime Rather, what has been the However, local local government councils the local government councils which effectively replaced practice is that we have governments in Nigeria have is under this constitution as units of revenue allocation our erstwhile federal system people with a sense of not lived up to their bidding in guaranteed; and accordingly, from the centre but falls with a unitary system of entitlement, without any this regard. Many reasons are the government of every state short of guaranteeing their government and the long knowledge of intricacies accountable for the pathetic shall, subject to section 8 existence as an “independent” period of military rule that of local government state that the councils find of this constitution, ensure tier of government. followed did a lot of damage to administration; people themselves. their existence under a Third is the overbearing, the Nigerian psyche. As Prof who for selfish or political First is that the Nigerian law which provides for the paternalistic and sometimes Wole Soyinka once noted, you reasons, rather than the state operates a quasi-unitary establishment, structure, predatory oversight functions can take the hippopotamus public interest, take decisions 44 PAV - JUN 2019 - MAG 0619 Vol 2 Inside Africa Inside Africa PAN AFRICAN VISIONs for local government them. The NFIU directive councils that end up being might just be the opportunity merely academic because to prove them right and erase they lack the practicality of the wrong public impression implementation. that they misappropriate local government funds. All these, in addition to The apprehensions and our flawed federal structure expectations that the NFIU and constitution, have been directive has generated is the reason for the failure expected in a polity and of past reforms aimed system like ours where at empowering our local contradictions, selfish power government councils. play and mutual suspicion It is in this light that I view are a currency in public the recent directive by the administration. But instead Nigeria Financial Intelligence of being adversarial, I urge Unit with suspicion. Has all stakeholders to see it as it come to stay? Can it be a clarion call for all to join legally enforced within the hands to proffer solutions present constitution and towards empowering the the type of federal structure local government councils that we practice? Was there for better service delivery. a stakeholder engagement There is no doubt that with actual practitioners of the implementation of the the system to ascertain the NFIU directives will throw practicality of the directive up some major problems and possible outcomes and under our confused legal how to tackle them? framework, but as a believer For example, all the states in Marxian dialectics, I have of the federation presently the assurance that whatever operate a unified local contradictions that are government system wherein without any reservation consideration and contingent representation at the local thrown up in the course of staff are centrally employed, that the local government measures put in place to government level, those implementing the directives trained, promoted and system as we currently have address them. Therefore, whose loyalty will be to the will be resolved within the generally managed. Ditto for it is fraught with tremendous with the benefit of hindsight people. general system that threw pension administration and contradictions that must be of repeated reform failures, It is noteworthy that the up the directives in the first payment of primary school resolved if Nigeria must attain any solution that is geared NFIU directive has been place. teachers’ salaries. All these grassroots development. I towards solving the problems received with popular Pending when Nigeria functions are performed also agree with the popular of local government within acclaim by the public. This decides whether to operate by state agencies funded view that a major way to our present set up must be an indication of the direction a two tier or a multi-tier through the contentious Joint do this is to empower the rooted in rigorous systemic which the public wants local federal system of government State Local Government local government councils analysis that is not artificial government administration or to embrace full blown Account (JSLGA) whose financially for them to nor contrived in other not to to go in order to attain better federalism as against the activities the NFIU directive be able to carry out their produce defective outcomes. service delivery, which in quasi unitary-federalism intends to curtail because primary functions, hence the their perception—wrongly or it currently operates, local of the general notion of it push for financial autonomy. The local government rightly—the current system government system in being the avenue through I guess this is what the NFUI councils need financial does not allow. Nigeria will continue to suffer which the state governors directive aims to achieve. autonomy, but what they The state governors have a crisis of identity. misappropriate local The fact, however, remains need most is political always complained of the Austin Emaduku is government funds. It is yet that financial autonomy is not autonomy: the freedom to non-viability of most councils a public affairs analyst unclear how these functions all that the local government be able to choose freely who and the huge financial based in Ekete, Udu and others crucial to local councils need in our current to preside over their affairs burden they have to bear by Local Government government administration political structure to succeed. through a process of free and augmenting the income of Area of Delta State. He will be handled under the It might not be enough and free elections rather than the councils to enable them can be reach through: NFIU directive. might backfire if all possible selection. This is the only meet their salary obligations. [email protected] I will be the first to agree outcomes are not taken into way to attract high quality I have no reason to doubt

Call / eMail Us Tel:2404292177, email: [email protected], [email protected] PAV - JUN 2019 - MAG 0619 Vol 2 45 PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Inside Africa Liberia economic protest; First Litmus test for President George Weah By Amos Fofung

eorge Weah, former football star rated Gby many in the sports domain as Africa’s greatest footballers of all times will have to prove that he is a “skillful” and “tactful” president as he was a footballer. Barely one year into his presidency, Monrovia, capital city of Liberia has “fallen”, fallen to civil protest. A sad tale that has robbed most leaders of the confidence their voters had in them. As thousands swamped the streets against the country’s sickening economic impasse, Liberia’s 25th president, George Weah is presented The honey moon is over and President Weah is now confronting the realities of governance. with his first litmus test. And how well he manages this Snapchat, Facebook, caused ... and encouraged by challenge is present in the The International crisis will determine his faith Google›s Gmail service and bad governance, deliberate health sector. The country Monetary Fund in March and stay at Liberia’s executive the website of The Associated and wanton collapse of has had its fair share of the revised down Liberia’s mansion. Press were among the sites integrity systems...» Ebola epidemic. economic growth forecast Though Liberia’s creeping affected, NetBlocks said. Though many attribute the In a stark contrast to the for 2019 to 0.4% from 4.7%. economic situation dates Bai Sama G. Best, managing nations stalemate to Weah wild celebrations that greeted Inflation peaked at 28.5% in back to the country’s post- director of Liberia›s Daily and his inability to tackle Weah’s election victory in December, pushing up the civil war days, the response Observer newspaper, told the Liberia’s pressing needs, 2017, throngs of chanting price of everyday items. by the government of Weah CNN most journalists and many exonerate him. demonstrators bearing signs Many believed Weah, who to the protest might be what some citizens are using virtual Nagbe told CNN that Weah calling Weah a “traitor” grew up in a Monrovia slum will “swallow” him. private networks (VPN) to inherited a «dire economic gathered near the president’s before becoming a celebrated Thousands of Liberians bypass the restrictions. situation,» and accused official residence during the striker in some of Europe’s gathered in the capital Liberia›s Minister of the country›s opposition of June 7 protest. Telling signs biggest football teams, would Monrovia Friday June Information Eugene Nagbe driving the protests. that President George Weah bring a new dawn. Instead, 7to protest «corruption, confirmed that social media «Mr. President is working needs to act, and fast. he faces the same criticisms failures to tackle corruption platforms were shut down to restore some of the issues “Weah is not governing of corruption that dogged his allegations, economic temporarily because of that he inherited,» he said. our state the right way,” said predecessor Ellen Johnson mismanagement and «security concerns.» «The opposition is now using Ishmael Hassan, who voted Sirleaf. injustice» in the country. The protests organized by the streets to get what they for Weah in 2017 but has A petition circulated by the Social media sites were a group called the Council didn›t get at the ballot box.» since become disillusioned. protest’s organizers on Friday later blocked to quell the of Patriots, which says it is a Weah, FIFA›s World “The economic situation in accused the administration protests, according to the conglomeration of citizens, Player of the Year 1995, took our country is going down the of misusing public funds, internet monitoring platform civil society activists, youth the West African nation drain.” violating press freedoms, NetBlocks. A major setback to workers and major political of 4.8 million people at a Liberia’s economy was and failing to adequately Weah who is just 18 months parties is said to have difficult time. With numerous hit hard by a 2014-16 fund health and education into his presidency after presented a petition to the economic challenges coupled Ebola outbreak that killed programs. taking over from the county’s government. by mismanagement and the thousands, and the low prices The petition accuses Weah first female president, Ellen The document stated that issue “missing” newly printed for its chief exports, iron ore himself of constructing Johnson Sirleaf. Liberians are suffering «harsh bank notes amounting and rubber further handicaps “scores of luxury homes” WhatsApp, Instagram, economic conditions being to $102m, Liberia’s real the economy. after he declined to publicly 46 PAV - JUN 2019 - MAG 0619 Vol 2 Inside Africa Inside Africa PAN AFRICAN VISIONs

declare his assets. to do better economically by As Liberians continually doing away with corruption lose hope in his leadership, in government and society. many say he is nonchalant. Clearly, his administration is “President Weah has swimming against the tide”; undoubtingly overlooked he warns adding that “but all the enormity of Liberia’s is not lost.” economic challenges and the “With the right economic level on incompetency among plan and a heart as big as his officials is troubling, Chu- his, he can stop the economic Chu Alex Jones, who kinly bludgeoning and weather the follows Liberia’s economic financial storm that’s brewing recovery writes. of the country.” “He has also President Weah playing football in Monrovia, the former iconic soccer player underestimated the will of is facing a different reality in running the country. the Liberian people to want

Africa and United Nations Peace Keeping Crisis By Nevson Mpofu

he end of the Second World War of 1945 Tin Europe brought to the ground the Universal Declaration for Human Rights of 1948. This was upon formation of the International Organisation to date with 192 countries. Under this International Protocol, the UN had the overall mandate to maintain peace owing special attention to post conflicts which had records of massive atrocities to humanity. Apart from the 1948 protocol there came in 1966 three integral Instruments. These comprised of the Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, Covenant on Social, Economic and Cultural Rights and the Convention on the Rights of the Child. The last one related to Universal blows from the impunity creed. peace has finely prevailed. in Europe. peace prevalence to women of the war which claimed The 1st FIRST UN Peace- UN Peace-Keepers exercised The BIG 5 Missions are was the Convention on the millions of innocent souls. Keeping Mission was in the the best to their capacitated countries like Mali, Central Elimination of all forms of In the event of any up-risings case of Arab – Israel cease- and professional ability. The African Republic, DRC, Abuse against Women of and escalation of human fire 70 years ago. There atmosphere of peace World- Darfur and South Sudan 1978. abuses, these instruments has been 70 operations Wide has constantly prevailed where Peace-Keeping is in Women and children and some not mentioned established in the World. despite some arising conflicts real Crisis. The situation became subjects of had to secure all troubled Only 14 remain up to now ignited by Dictatorship and currently in Africa tells a International security. They souls at equal levels despite in deployment. Since the Leadership avarice in Africa, story of Peace-Keeping that had suffered unprotected differences in race, tribe or beginning of the operations, parts of Asia and Yugoslavia has totally failed if critically PAV - JUN 2019 - MAG 0619 Vol 2 47 PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Inside Africa

analysed. The Big Question Rights. It will end with roving the microphone in peace in the whole of Africa. Africa is; Shall Sustainable However there is much to Peace be there in the Big 5 focus on regarding how Missions where there are peace prospects stand in the UN Peace-Keepers violating continent as a whole. This is a humanity. long way to take as UN has to This is one question I had make several shifts towards to pose to Patrice Lumumba building a new Africa with on Africa Day through a call one voice of Peace’’ I made to congratulate him ‘’International criminal though Africa and All its Law covers heinous crimes people are still in search of like genocide , war-crimes everlasting peace .Lumumba , crimes against humanity gains weight of a positive and crimes of aggression comment .In a slice of a piece There are however solutions of peace tongue spiced, he to come up with like to use marvels in full bloom of his International Human Rights open heart and mind to speak dived deep into the case of activities . They must fulfil communities they work in Laws to sue peace-keepers. Africa. abuse gleanings which are total obligations of the UN where they are deployed. These work with others to ‘’Africa is still a dinner a rife story now to be told to bring lasting peace at the In the shift of politics in be put in place at a Global plate on the table surrounded in gush of tears. UN Peace same time creating relations the World for the past two level. There-fore the UN must by Western powers’’, he poses Keepers have Legal immunity between post conflict nations decades, peace-keepers have foresee first shadows ahead with a faint breath.’’ We must from prosecuting in host state. once in turmoil , but alas , gained a tarnish to their as we go on’’. He said. move forward with the heart The prosecuting country there is a big challenge in the name through practice of In these countries where in mind to think of those prosecutes its soldiers. Many whole system .’’ various activities which need peace-keeping is in crisis still in the dark shadows and countries if not all do not act ‘’If UN Peace-Keepers to be accounted for. There has women and young girls are marginal doldrums. Let us to conduct trials committed commit atrocities, then it been Reformist Movement on facing severe challenges pray wisely, diligently for abroad. Others fail to up-hold means there is someone to sexual violence. This brought related to sexual abuse as those not in peace. Remember their obligation to prosecute. guard the guard. Once such a small change in the African has been mentioned earlier as we go on, those who violate Is it then the UN to blame? a scenario arises it means Continent. UN Resident on. Comments from some peace of others want to see a No, but what then to say. the systems of nation and Co-Ordinator in Zimbabwe women are that there must World of peace themselves. The answer is, it has to act community building are Bishow Parajuuli added his be increase in the number We are not yet Independent. immediately. dead. These Peace-Keepers voice in line with what is of female peace keepers We celebrate to be more Further Research bares are supposed to support taking place. .The need to integrate sovereign and more peaceful that these peace-Keepers Governments in post conflict ‘’Yes. There has been women in peace keeping in mind as we move on.’’ commit crimes because the state building. That is an Reformist Movement on gives confidence to civilians ‘’There are true stories of Jurisdictional gap provides enormous duty we as the Sexual Violence but there receiving security and child abuses, corruption, them with Immunity. DRC people of Africa must cherish, was slight change. There protection. torture and sexual Ambassador to Zimbabwe, emulate and take for praise has also been the UN High The people centric exploitation in war-torn Mwana-Nanga Mwana what is good for us’’, he says. Level Independent Panel on approach to security becomes African countries. This is WaPanga confirms this in his A follow up to the Peace operations meeting. I more of a respect to those all done by Peace-Keepers. full knowledge of how such proceedings in the continent know there are plans to over- peace-keepers, their country In other words, they are acts of atrocities go on like. documents 300,000 peace- haul Laws governing peace- of origin and dignity and de-legitimising the work He took no side with any of keeping personnel World- keeping operations culture of integrity to the UN itself. of the UN on ground. They the crimes though he has Wide accused of human Impunity. This will make the South Africa is one of face no punishment. There once saved in the Army in rights abuses. There has situation look better in the those countries with high are deficiencies in in Laws DRC. been sexual exploitation of continent but there is more Conciliatory approach to governing Peace Keeping ‘’When a country is in women in Kosovo, Cote d to it.’’ security. It recognises and operations in the whole chaos , Army , Police , Civilian Voire and Haiti. Most peace- ‘’Secondly, there is need places the gender aspect at the Continent. Truly, Peace- Personnel from UN Member Keepers have been accused to look at the changing par level of gender equality keeping is in real crisis to say States are drafted to contain of corruption, beer-drinking, nature of conflict. This will by orienting and integrating the truth’’. conflict , protect civilians and and man- slaughtering open up discussions on the women in Military. It has The Pan-African Journalist under-take peace-building and stealing from the Human Rights and Civilian- 24% of women in the Army.

Call / eMail Us Tel:2404292177, email: [email protected], [email protected] 48 PAV - JUN 2019 - MAG 0619 Vol 2 Inside Africa Inside Africa PAN AFRICAN VISIONs

Among them 15% are to the Universal Declaration deployed for peace-keeping for Human Rights. Those in the African Region and abused will have the right some parts of the World. to access the courts. The In an interview with sending country will retain the Director of the Jurisdiction over those troops Centre for Conflict and sent. The sending country Management Transformation has to pursue the matter at SITHEMBILE MPOFU , hand and punish, prosecute the coming out point is that its mission troops in line though , women are a small with their own Laws of their number in the Army , some country. countries have far less the In 2013, UN came with smaller number . Domination the HUMAN RIGHTS UP- of masculinity then cultivates FRONT ACTION PLAN .This an impunity military culture is a basis for new approach in favour of those negative to end all forms of abuse to abusive activities. civilians during conflicts. ‘’Some countries have few countries must recruit and of Omar al Bashir in Sudan, war has killed 400,000 Around the late 80’s in 1989 numbers of women in their train more women. They Khartoum’s ability to civilians , 4 million displaced a group of musicians from National Armies. This has led must be part of the Peace- continue peace guaranteed , 200 000 under protection USA came together formed to strong matriarchy building Keeping Military in host process is long term in the and 100,000 given AID , the USA FOR AFRICA. They therefore more creative countries where there are future. The fragile peace deal especially those poor and amassed their resources and minds of several abuses conflicts. It means then these delay and ultimate failure vulnerable .As the civil war composed the song called towards women themselves. abuses against women can is expected to lead to more continues , more security we are the World. They Apart from abuses to women be ended. The UN itself must abuse of human rights. UN is needed in Africa’s Big 5 channelled their support and children there are several take note of several solutions Peace –keeping mission is to COUNTRIES of conflict , civil to Ethiopia which was in crimes off-course we have towards mending up of such intervene in the Sudan Crisis. strife and civil wars . These political and social crisis. heard. It tells a lot about what problems faced in war-torn It means there are going to be are South Sudan, DRC, CAR, Many people died of hunger. needs to be done to make countries where there is the more fresh abuses. Mali and Darfur. Some were maimed and such criminal activities come Peace-Keeping force,’’ she The civil war which began UN has wave of solutions others died during that time to an end. expresses her views. in 2013 is still continuing like to use the International of Haile Mengisitu. ‘’What it means is that With the over-throwing in South Sudan where civil Human Rights Laws related

Austerity Measures in Zimbabwe Should Be a Major Concern for All By Prince Kurupati

mong the many quarters but largely, it has things that brought untold suffering to AZimbabwe is the millions of its citizens. known for, it’s the country’s Talk about the Fast Track stubbornness and a general Land Reform which began unwillingness to take heed in earnest at the turn of the of advice from foreigners. millennium in 2000. The Former president Robert Fast Track Land Reform Mugabe wholly symbolized saw a few locals mostly the the country’s stubbornness politically connected take during his time in office but land away from the whites even after his departure, often in a violent nature. The the country is still finding it result was that the country hard to take heed of ‘foreign’ was ‘sanctioned’ and isolated advice and lessons. leading to internal strife Zimbabwe’s stubbornness and economic meltdown. has paid dividends in some Zimbabwe decided to take PAV - JUN 2019 - MAG 0619 Vol 2 49 PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Inside Africa

the Land Reform route in the manner it did even though there were many examples of countries who had taken that route with zero success. Zimbabwe’s inability to take heed of lessons from other countries led to the suffering of its citizens and it seems the country has not yet learnt a lesson on why it›s important to take lessons from others. The reason why we are stating this is down to the fact that Zimbabwe has adopted to adopt wholesale austerity measures although other countries near and far who have taken this route before having had little success. Greece in recent history is one such example; President Mnangagwa faces a herculean task to turn the economy around. since 2010, Greece has been implementing one form of of high-ranking government of fuel to shoot upwards. cutting calmed worried a healthy 2-3 percent rate austerity measures after the officials). Still, on the issue of tax investors, who then accepted and avoid a bubble. At the other with little progress. Moreover, Zimbabwe has reforms, Zimbabwe also took a lower return for their risk. same time, it will reassure When it comes to austerity also taken steps to reduce a decision to privatize some of Italy›s bond yields dropped. investors in public debt that measures, they largely come the government wage bill by the state-owned enterprises. The country found it easier to the government is fiscally in two parts i.e. those that laying off youth officers and By selling the enterprises, the roll over short-term debt. responsible. have to do with restructuring freezing recruitment even to government hopes that it will The above illustrates one The expansion phase the government expenditures replace workers who would raise revenue to pay off it’s positive about austerity which is the opportune time and tax reform measures have departed be it upon domestic as well as foreign measures. However, what for implementing austerity (concerned with revenues). retirement, resignation or debt. we also learn from the measures is characterized In its plan to implement death. While austerity measures above is the issue of timing. by a growing economy austerity measures, Additionally, Zimbabwe are lauded by some, case The timing of austerity whose gross domestic Zimbabwe has decided to has embarked on a drive to studies from different measures is everything. product is increasing. The go all out adopting both the reduce programs meant at countries have shown that It’s not a good time when a GDP growth rate is in the austerity measures aimed at cushioning the general public they rarely work and in the country is struggling to get healthy 2 to 3 percent range. restructuring government from paying exorbitant prices few instances that they bring out of recession. Lowering Unemployment reaches expenditures and tax reform for key products such as fuel. about positives, the positives government spending and its natural rate of 4.5 to 5 measures. The reason behind all this is can only be realized after a laying off workers will percent. Inflation is near its With respect to to limit expenditures as much long time often spanning 10+ reduce economic growth and 2 percent target. The stock restructuring government as possible and use the saved years. increase unemployment. market is in a bull market. expenditures, the government money in investing in key As concluded by The The government itself is an Zimbabwe is nowhere near has limited the terms of economic areas. Balance, austerity measures important component of GDP. the expansion phase hence pensions (pension benefits On the tax reforms front, rarely work despite their Likewise, raising corporate it’s certainly not equipped have remained stagnant Zimbabwe took the unpopular intentions. In actual effect, taxes when businesses are and ready to be implementing although civil servants have decision to implement a 2 they tend to worsen debt. struggling will only cause austerity measures. had their salaries slightly percent electronic money In 2012, the IMF released a more layoffs. Raising income With the country raised in recent times). transfer tax. With this new report that stated the euro taxes will take money out of implementing austerity The government has also interest, the government zone›s austerity measures consumers› pockets, giving measures at the wrong time, extended eligibility age receives 2 percent of any may have slowed economic them less to spend. the probability of these for retirement to defer the money that’s electronically growth and worsened the debt The best time for austerity measures returning positive payment of lump sum exit transferred between two crisis. But the EU defended measures is when the results is next to zero and as packages to workers who locals. The government also the measures. It said they economy is in the expansion such, everyone in Zimbabwe would have attained the revised upwards excise tax restored confidence in how phase of the business should be concerned with the age of retirement (this is levied on fuel which played a countries were managed. cycle. The spending cuts measures. particularly seen in the case key part in causing the prices For example, Italy›s budget- will slow growth down to 50 PAV - JUN 2019 - MAG 0619 Vol 2 Inside Africa Inside Africa PAN AFRICAN VISIONs

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PAV - JUN 2019 - MAG 0619 Vol 2 51 PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Inside Africa Of Resource Looting, Power, and Corruption in the SADC In Mining Sector By Nevson Mpofu

SADC- Capital Flight in of Zimbabwe and Fidelity the SADC Region through Printers for US$132 million qualitative researches after the National Bank failed and investigations by the to pay for the Gold it got from Southern Africa Resource Metallon ‘’. Watch and Centre for Natural ‘’Workers Rights are still Resource Governance is on a long way to go. Imagine the top of the charts. The the Eldorado Mine case sources are ready to take where there are 150 people action against Governments who were recorded to have in SADC Region. The most entered into the Mine. After implicated countries are the danger, they claim only South Africa, Zimbabwe, 27 Miners were killed. That Zambia, Botswana, is not the actual figure. The Mozambique, DRC and total is higher than that. This Angola. is abuse of people’s Rights’’, Spate of symposiums , Private Companies and Lithium.’’ views of which he pointed he pointed out. attended at Regional level some prominent Business ‘’Still there is clear evidence out that top Government ZIMBABWE by Mine Experts, Unions individuals . We have all the on the ground. In 2017 on 15 officials and foreign mining Zimbabwe Diamond and and Civil Society Human evidence related to several July South Africa Metallon firms were implicated as well Allied Minerals Workers Rights activities conducted cases of rising prevalence Gold based in Zimbabwe was in these corrupt activities Union [ZDAMWU] President by Southern Africa Resource of corruption .We have sued for externalising US$ 30 around the country. He Chinhema lamented on how Watch reinforced that no ROUND figures of the Million out of the Country. said the SADC Region GDP SADC countries have become Governments of SADC must total amount of costs of the Another case was that it was is steeping low because of loose in shady corrupt be held accountable. Rising mineral resources so far taken to court for failure to several corrupt activities. mining deals especially the corruption, abuse to mine expropriated in the SADC pay back US$ 12,000 .In 2012 He pointed out that those in Zimbabwe Government. workers, lack of rule of Law Region’ ’ Claude Kabemba It was involved in paying a power in the Government, ‘’Zimbabwe losses US16 and transparency in the says ,SARW Director . dividend US$25,000 , total Mining Captains and their Billion per/Year in potential whole system is rife in SADC. Ibbo Mandaza of Southern amount of money which was Business Dealers and Bankers Revenue. In past it has lost Together with the civil society Africa Political Economic below its operating profits’’ . were involved. US144 Billion since 2009. , there is Collective Action Series added that corrupt ‘’SADC has vast wealth ‘’ Mining Workers are not This was due to power need to take off with a bang activities are growing up on a of Mineral Resources than given Rights and freedom of supply problems, punitive in advocacy, sensitisation daily basis. He lamented that any Region. Its surprising their expression in relation tax regime and Investor and awareness to the general this is impinging the people that its own people are in to several abuses they see. fatigue. The country has a public . on ground to a certain extent dire straits of poverty. In Actually the Law of the potential capacity of earning ‘’There is a very strong that Extreme and Absolute the SADC, Diamond is 73% country is not protecting 18 billion a year from its total but bad link between poverty has increased in , Gold 40% in production . them in terms of Labour of 800 mines. The problem Resource Looting, Power SADC. He bares all that DRC produces 65% of World Rights and Corporate Social is related to poor policies. and Corruption. This has a local Mining Company Copper. Zambia is one of the Responsibility.’’ No wonder why 83% total created problems in the Metallon Gold and Foreign leading countries. Zimbabwe ‘’There are several incidents revenue was lost in 2015. whole of Southern African based companies were and South Africa produces to talk about mainly looking However Zimbabwe attracted Region. No, wonder why involved. 80% Chrome. Countries like at Mine Workers Rights in US500 Million Foreign looting has increased. What ‘’Metallon Gold is one Botswana, Angola and others terms of their salaries and Direct Investment in 2018. needs to be done is to weave a of the Mining companies does the same. Where is all working conditions . We are Other neighbouring countries strong, robust and aggressive involved. Apart from, the Wealth going? the voice of the people who attracted US5 to US6 Billion. policy base to curb all the Chinese, South African SADC COUNTRIES are suffering in darkness yet But where is tangible malfeasance activities. and British companies are ------SOUTH AFRICA, those who claim to protect development after this?’’ ‘’There are a number involved in shady deals of ZIMBABWE, ZAMBIA, them are far rich. , he said. of incidences in terms of exuding out millions in total BOTSWANA, ANGOLA, ‘’Mzi Khumalo , Owner Centre for Natural ongoing corrupt activities financial costs of SADC’s MOZAMBIQUE AND DRC of Metallon Gold is aware Resource Governance has involving top Government precious minerals like Gold, Claude Kabemba got of these issues . He even information related to failed officials , Foreign Companies Diamonds, Chrome and another chance to air out his once sued the Reserve Bank and current deals in which 52 PAV - JUN 2019 - MAG 0619 Vol 2 Inside Africa Inside Africa PAN AFRICAN VISIONs

Foreigners are taking more the same corrupt activities of Zimbabwe’s Resources. were also practised in The US4 Billion Platinum Botswana. Deal between Zimbabwe and ‘’We have the same Russia is going on silently problem in Botswana .It is without the knowledge of the undergoing silent corrupt people of Zimbabwe. activities involving high rank Chrome Ore is taken to people in Government. There China in bulk, but the people is actually no Democracy at are not given any information all .The moment you want to about this. This is raw talk about it they kill you. Chrome Ore from Shurugwi ‘’Actually this is the and Mtorashanga . The other main problem in the SADC mineral is Lithium. Much Region. There is no proper of Lithium ore is exported or no accountability and in partnerships with buyers transparency at all. There is Delegate from Angola said were 85 foreign companies in the country is done by Civil outside. By the end, it is those no Democracy at all because in Angola looting of much in the country. These were Servants, top Government Foreigners who gain at the people are not engaged in of Mineral Resources is Zimbabwe, India and officials like Directors of expense of Zimbabweans. the deal. Secondly, they have normally at its extreme when European countries who Departments over-worked by . Maguwu taking another no access to the information. contracts are given to certain played the dirtiest part in top Government Ministers. shot snap said coal is one We have Conglomeration Mining Companies. He said illicit. According to a source The worst scenario is of such mineral on the line-up between DeBeers and all the contract deals are done mining contracts were done Mineral Inspectors employed of this corruption. Setswana Mineral Resources. secretly sometimes. in corrupt manner. The total at the boarders who are not ‘’Just imagine Coal is sold They share the minerals ‘’Even when this is done cost of resource looting is US taking more seriousness with in kilograms and tonnes 50/50 but the people are not openly, publicised through 5 Billion lost between 1996 their work. Secondly and like say from US$20, 00 to shared the information in the media, one thing to note and 2001 then 10 billion thirdly respectively there are US$400,00 per tonne but relation to the exporting of is the public is not involved. between 1996 and 2018. no enforcement measures the surprise story is , it is all these minerals.’’.. There are several corrupt Contracts who did not pay tax related to Export of Minerals. then receipted at lowest price activities which have involved for long during Kabila’s time There are no Area Charges like US$20, 00 per tonne . South Africa top Government officials costs the Government 1,5 paid to the Government by Just imagine. What kind of Capital Flight was rife during Savimbi’s time of billion in total Mining Contractors. corruption and theft is that? between 1960 and 1995 office. ‘’Zambia is losing 2 billion The whole system is severely during the White Rule of ‘’Much to say is done Mozambique Kwacha through tax invasion corrupted without anyone Apartheid Era. Much wealth between the time of contracts Has a US2 Billion debt. every year. It is pathetic to taking accountability of it. was flown from the Mines of and explorations by those IMF suspended AID to lift note that some big mining Mine workers are going for SA to Foreign based countries who get the contracts. As up the Natural Gas Deposits contractors do not pay the long periods of time without with White Race Influence. Explorations are done, there Mining Project discovered in money directly to Zambia salaries’’. There is more research work are deals that take place 2010. This was after Manuel Revenue Authority. This is BOTSWANA undergoing in the country. involving the contracted Chang Former Minister of usually done in a way not A visiting Botswana Miner The work has been done by Mining Company and the Finance during Armando accountable to the State. who had a political security Fedderck and Liu . Government Officials in the Guebuza was involved in Much looting is done by top reason to hide his details in responsible Ministry. There multi-million dollar bribes. officials . the story uttered the same ANGOLA.. has been massive corruption This involved 3 Credit Suisse ‘’This looting involves sentiments pointing out that Manuel Pembele a visiting between 1992 and 2008 in Bankers and Lebanese minerals like Copper which Angola. Businessman Jean Boustain is plenty in the country. It DRC- Its highest peak of . The other two are Bankers leaves the country every resource looting is between ,Andrew Pearson and Surjan day through back door. This 1996 -2001. This was the Singh [Bankers] The Three is done mainly by Mining time Mobutu Seseseko was face charges related to Companies bosses and those almost close to ouster. The bribery, securities, wire fraud contracted. There is massive Western African country was and money laundering . illegal takeover of Mining close to regime change by Licences done without any Joseph Kabila Laurent. In .ZAMBIA accountability, transparency 2000 Mineral exploitation A Zambia Delegate Maxwell and credibility. Such is the and expropriation was mainly Mumba bares out the truth challenge in the country. done by Foreign based that 2 Billion in Zambia is lost ‘’Currently there is 1, companies in the presence through tax invasion in the 7 Billion and 795 million Mzi Khumalo ,Owner of Metallon Gold. of DRC top officials. There country. Most of the looting kwacha in arrears. On top PAV - JUN 2019 - MAG 0619 Vol 2 53 PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Inside Africa of the top scandal is the fact total, there are 2,400 Mining the challenges in the Mining FOR AFRICA IS FOR ALL AND LEGISLATION that there is 450 million Contractors not paying tax.’’ Sector. Mining Democratic AFRICAN CITIZENS TO FRAMEWORK WHEN IT kwacha in arrears missing Claude Kabemba continues Process, Reformed GET PARTICIPATED , COMES TO CORRUPTION, in the country. There are in his reiterative speech to Legislation, phasing out INVOLVED , ENGAGED CAPITAL FLIGHT AND about 701 Licences not paid retrogress on the issue of Corruption, collaborative AND CONSULTED IN ABUSES OF POWER AND for in the country. In 2011, Resource Looting, Power efforts to fight Illicit through ISSUES AFFECTING FINANCE ‘’, CONCLUDES there were about 637 Mining and Corruption in the SADC CITIZENS PARTICIPATIVE THEM . LET US FOLLOW KABEMBA . Licences which were issued Region. He however points INVOLVEMENT is crucial. THE CHINA WAY OF to contractors in Mining.. In out and lines up solutions to ‘’THE ONLY SOLUTION GOVERNANCE, POLICIES What image best befits the Church in Kenya? By Samuel Ouma |@journalist_27

espite the economic student in 2011. The deceased crisis in the country, was a Sunday teacher in his Dchurches are the only church. departments that are doing In another scenario, in well. Several of them have December 2018, Kisumu been reported to be making court sentenced a priest to billions of shillings annually. 75 years in jail for defiling They have been categorized three minors and deliberately as the biggest financial infecting one of them with enterprises as per the HIV. The court was told analyses of audited financial that the preacher lured the statements 2017. vulnerable minors into the Establishing a church is act after promising to cater the easiest thing to do in for their education. the East African country Leadership crisis since the constitution does Churches are embroiled in not have any restriction vicious leadership wrangles. on religion. Name of the Tussles arise and simmer in church, draft constitution, churches to the extent that names of the officials and times intimidation tactics Neno Evangelism Centre was story from the top leadership the armed police officers are their postal addresses, are employed to get offerings captured hitting out at his of the church to the ordinary called to maintain peace and proposed physical address of from the sheep. bishops for disrespecting his congregant. Defilement order. the church and copies of the The current situation wife. cases involving preachers Church has become a national identification cards, in church of Kenya is “If you are not going to and minors have hit news ground for hate, wrangles and Kenya Revenue Authority alarming. They are no longer respect my wife I will kick you headlines; members engaging physical fights. It has turned pin and passport photos safe and secure. Pastors out of my ministry. This time in illicit sex with their out to be a business venture. of the officials are the only are veering from their «round I will show you my spiritual fathers and mothers Bone of contention in church requirements. core functions of offering power,” Mr. Ng’ang’a said. or amongst themselves have began due to thirst of power There are over 4000 spiritual nourishment to “Any lady in this ministry become a norm. control of church funds. registered churches in Kenya their followers. Repentance who will not respect my wife Catholic priests who A number of faithful have according to the National is no longer preached and can leave this church, fools. are under oath of celibacy resorted to seeking judicial Council of Churches in prosperity gospel has taken You bishops found me when sleeping with nuns and other intervention to resolve their Kenya, a regulatory body for over. The preaching has you had nothing and now that women is the order of the day. difference. Examples of the all places of worships. been reduced to inheriting you have made some money… A number of priests, pastors, most affected churches are The images shown by the kingdom of earth and stupid, arrogant,” he roared. bishops have been accused of Methodist Church, Seventh majority of these churches not Heaven. A number of “You came to this church raping and sodomising young Day Adventist (SDA), are wanting. A number of priests have been adversely in rags and unkempt hair. I girls and boys who are under and African Independent men and women in cloth mentioned in a dubious want full respect. Whenever their care. Pentecostal Church of Africa start churches with an aim of fleecing scheme. I cough you should answer,” Last month a court handed (AIPCA) among others. fleecing their flock of sheep. A viral video about a added the apostle. a former pastor of Pentecostal In April 2019, two When it comes to giving, renowned apostle hurling Sex scandal Assemblies of God (PAG) 25 opposing groups clashed over congregants are being forced insults at his members in May There is a thin line between years imprisonment after leadership wrangles at one to give instead of being 2019 showed exactly what is the church members and being found guilty of defiling, of the African Independent allowed to do so willingly going on in churches. Apostle Sodom and Gomorrah. impregnating and brutally Pentecostal Church of Africa as the Bible commands. At James Ng’ang’a, founder of Sexual purity is a forgotten killing a secondary school (AIPCA) branches in central 54 PAV - JUN 2019 - MAG 0619 Vol 2 Inside Africa Inside Africa PAN AFRICAN VISIONs

Kenya. donations from corrupt Ten worshippers including leaders without questioning a priest sustained injuries and the source. property worth thousands William Ruto, the deputy of shillings was destroyed. president, leads a group of Trouble began when the politicians who have a cordial two warring groups led by relationship with the Church their respective deacons over their massive giving disagreed on who should every weekend. Ruto dish conduct the service. A bitter out billions of shillings to exchange of words ensued churches every week despite which degenerated into a his monthly salary being physical confrontation. They Ksh.1 million ($10, 000). exchanged blows and pelted “Every weekend this each other with stones. It excommunicated on the Clergy men have been on the and you cannot convince me church 5 milion, that church took the effort of anti-riots ground of disrespect to the receiving end of criticism for that you are not politicians. 5 million, the other church police to quell the fracas. top leadership. The church allowing corrupt leaders to When you preach to your 5 million. Every weekend Last year four members leadership deployed heavy defend their loots on pulpits. congregation you talk of them 15 million yet your monthly of Methodist Church went security, police officers, Ekuru Aukot, 2017 leading a good life. How can salary is only one million,” to court seeking an order to deal with the rebels. presidential candidate, once they enjoy life when money said Odinga. to ouster the head bishop In rejoinder, the alleged said that the church has is being looted?” posed Mr. Churches are being used alleged office illegally, rebels staged protests at failed to guide people on good Aukot. as avenues for money harassment of staff, financial the entrance of the church morals. He claimed church Pulpits have been turned laundering. Funds earmarked misappropriation and accusing the leadership of gain billions of shillings from into citadel of hatred politics. for development end up and illegally leasing church misappropriation of funds corrupt politicians through Men of God have taken individual pockets and part property. and discrimination on tribal fundraising. Mr. Aukot backseat as politicians rule. of it finds its way to church as The irate members claimed grounds. challenged the preachers to The opposition Chief Raila gifts, donations and tithes. the bishop did not have the Corruption stop pretending that they Odinga has continuously “Churches are being used needed requirements to lead Church has been faulted of are non-partisans in politics slammed church for abetting to launder money acquired the church. According to the keeping silent on fight against yet they engage in campaign and aiding corruption. through corruption. Those church’s regulations, a bishop graft and instead benefit when electing their officials. Odinga has accused the who launder money come to should have master’s degree from politicians gotten-ills. “Politics is a way of life church of accepting hefty churches on weekends for and basic degree in theology fundraisings and people clap plus at least ten years’ for them without questioning experience. where the money is coming The bishops denied the from,” said the ODM party claims leveled against him. leader. The four rebels paid the price Church suffers a crisis of by being excommunicated; legitimacy. It has lost respect however, they refused to and popularity it used to leave, stirring more troubles enjoy. A number of people in one of the old churches in especially men and youths the country. are finding their way out In 2015, Salvation Army of church. Stage managed Church, Nairobi central miracles, fraud among other branch was shaken after scandals majorly occur in a group of members were churches. barred from entering the church compound after being

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Infinity Health Care Services, LLC www.infinityhcs.com PAV - JUN 2019 - MAG 0619 Vol 2 55 PAN AFRICAN VISIONs Inside Africa WorldRemit launches new product for business payments to Nigeria Through the WorldRemit website and app small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) can now quickly and securely transfer money to pay employees and contractors in 140 countries including Nigeria LONDON, United complete over 1.4 million Kingdom, June 13, transfers every month from 2019/ -- Leading digital over 50 countries to over money transfer company 140 destinations using its WorldRemit (www. app or website and remains WorldRemit.com) has committed to providing launched WorldRemit for innovative solutions to meet Business, a new service that money transfer needs across enables small and medium- the world. In addition to sized business owners to partnering with Nigerian quickly pay employees and Banks including First Bank of contractors in 140 countries Nigeria Plc, Access Bank Plc, worldwide, including fast- Fidelity Bank Plc for instant growing markets such as digital money transfers. In Nigeria, Ghana, Kenya, and April 2019 the company South Africa. The platform launched international will first be available to U.K.- transfers to Paga mobile registered businesses. money accounts. WorldRemit’s low fees and Visit the WorldRemit exchange rates are shown website for more information up-front and customers on how to send Business can send money easily via payments (https://bit. the company’s website ly/2XI2GVN). and app. By extending its WorldRemit (www. money transfer service to WorldRemit.com) is the SMEs, WorldRemit will save leading digital money businesses time and money transfer service that makes when they make international sending money as easy as payments. and Executive Chairman at Business, comments: “With number of pain points faced sending an instant message. Each year, the UK imports WorldRemit, comments: more people moving and by SMEs with international We currently send from 50+ $2 billion in goods and “When I first started settling across borders, staff and contractors. This countries to over 140 receiving services from Nigeria, where WorldRemit, I was frustrated the nature of business is new product launch will destinations, leading the shift SMEs account (https:// with the high charges and becoming increasingly global. enable millions of SMEs to online and mobile money pwc.to/2Re1abj) for 96% long delays in sending money This new product offering is to benefit from our award- transfers and improving of businesses and 84% of abroad both as a business catering for those in need of winning convenient service.” speed and convenience for employment. WorldRemit owner and consumer. Over a digital service that solves a WorldRemit customers users. On the sending side, for Business will make it the past 9 years, we’ve made WorldRemit is 100% digital. easier individuals to receive it easier for 4 million people For those receiving money, payment by UK-based around the globe to send and the company offers a wide partners via bank transfer receive money. range of options including to GT Bank accounts. While Today, we’re pleased to bank deposit, cash collection some banks can take up to one extend that service offering and mobile airtime top- week to process payments, to businesses, and put an up, and mobile money. WorldRemit transfers end to the steep fees that Backed by Accel, TCV and to Nigeria are processed many businesses have to pay, Leapfrog – early investors in instantly. especially when sending to Facebook, Netflix and Slack – Customers sending funds Nigeria. We’re committed to WorldRemit’s headquarters abroad can easily track their making it quick, safe and easy are in London, UK, with a transfers in real-time on the for you to pay individuals global presence including WorldRemit app and opt- across borders, leaving you offices in the United States, in to receive daily exchange to focus on growing your own the Philippines, Poland, notifications to send money business.” Colombia, Uganda and South abroad at the optimal time. Shane Lennox, Senior Africa. Ismail Ahmed, Founder Product Manager for 56 PAV - JUN 2019 - MAG 0619 Vol 2 Inside Africa Inside Africa PAN AFRICAN VISIONs

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