Ecosocialism & Environmental Activism
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Ba'ath Propaganda During the Iran-Iraq War Jennie Matuschak [email protected]
Bucknell University Bucknell Digital Commons Honors Theses Student Theses Spring 2019 Nationalism and Multi-Dimensional Identities: Ba'ath Propaganda During the Iran-Iraq War Jennie Matuschak [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.bucknell.edu/honors_theses Part of the International Relations Commons, and the Near and Middle Eastern Studies Commons Recommended Citation Matuschak, Jennie, "Nationalism and Multi-Dimensional Identities: Ba'ath Propaganda During the Iran-Iraq War" (2019). Honors Theses. 486. https://digitalcommons.bucknell.edu/honors_theses/486 This Honors Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Theses at Bucknell Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of Bucknell Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. iii Acknowledgments My first thanks is to my advisor, Mehmet Döşemeci. Without taking your class my freshman year, I probably would not have become a history major, which has changed my outlook on the world. Time will tell whether this is good or bad, but for now I am appreciative of your guidance. Also, thank you to my second advisor, Beeta Baghoolizadeh, who dealt with draft after draft and provided my thesis with the critiques it needed to stand strongly on its own. Thank you to my friends for your support and loyalty over the past four years, which have pushed me to become the best version of myself. Most importantly, I value the distractions when I needed a break from hanging out with Saddam. Special shout-out to Andrew Raisner for painstakingly reading and editing everything I’ve written, starting from my proposal all the way to the final piece. -
Pebbles and Crumbs in Neoliberal Space
Pebbles and crumbs in neoliberal space Siraj Izhar 2006 Written for City Mined conference on ‘Generalised Empowerment’ London 2006 www.generalizedempowerment.org/conference These are improbable times when represented reality bears less and less resemblance to actual reality. The greater the currency of the words freedom and democracy, the more pervasive the forms of social control with new technologies of surveillance and monitoring underpinned by an indefinite War on Terror; the greater the demand for more mobile, more cheap and more flexible labour, the more the significance of borders and impulse to reactive nationalism; the greater the appeal to economic growth, the more the precaricity and insecurity in our communities and widening of social division. There is a baroque aesthetic form in the making that extrapolates the world of representation from the world of lived reality to the absolute extreme. It is a grand project of abstraction become viral and truthfully mirrors an economic reality in which monetary exchanges for necessary commodities are a tiny fraction of the amount produced for speculation. In such terms at least, our lived reality is sedimented at the bottom of a seismic flow of transnational speculative capital. Sustaining a belief out of this falls to the labour of the professional classes today; theirs is the imaginative task of ‘consensualising’ the contradictions. This make belief world is itself a vast undertaking commissioned outsourced and routinised and in it Culture is the keystone and its producers, including artists have become key functionaries; Art in particular is coveted for this role because it is an ‘innocent’ child, because its intrinsic value is independent of economic capital, because of its (to quote Bourdieu) ‘inverted economy’. -
DSA's Options and the Socialist International DSA Internationalism
DSA’s Options and the Socialist International DSA Internationalism Committee April 2017 At the last national convention DSA committed itself to holding an organizational discussion on its relationship to the Socialist International leading up to the 2017 convention. The structure of this mandatory discussion was left to DSA’s internationalism committee. The following sheet contains information on the Socialist International, DSA’s involvement with it, the options facing DSA, and arguments in favor of downgrading to observer status and withdrawing completely. A. History of the Socialist International and DSA The Socialist International (SI) has its political and intellectual origins in the nineteenth century socialist movement. Its predecessors were the First International (1864-1876), of which Karl Marx was a leader, and the Second International (1889-1916). In the period of the Second International, the great socialist parties of Europe (particularly the British Labour Party, German Social Democratic Party, and the French Section of the Workers International) formed and became major electoral forces in their countries, advancing ideologies heavily influenced by Marx and political programs calling for the abolition of capitalism and the creation of new systems of worker democracy. The Second International collapsed when nearly all of its member parties, breaking their promise not to go to war against other working people, rallied to their respective governments in the First World War. The Socialist Party of America (SPA)—DSA’s predecessor—was one of the very few member parties to oppose the war. Many of the factions that opposed the war and supported the Bolshevik Revolution came together to form the Communist International in 1919, which over the course of the 1920s became dominated by Moscow and by the 1930s had become a tool of Soviet foreign policy and a purveyor of Stalinist orthodoxy. -
WHY ECOSOCIALISM TODAY? by Joel Kovel Homo Sapiens Has Been
WHY ECOSOCIALISM TODAY? By Joel Kovel Homo sapiens has been contending with its effects on nature since Paleolithic days and the first great extinctions wrought by hunting bands. But it was not until the 1970s that these became experienced as a great ecological crisis threatening the future of the species. The modern environmental movement was born in that moment, with its Earth Days, green parties and innumerable NGOs signalling that a new, ecologically aware age had arisen to contend with the planetary threat. The optimism of those early years has now quite faded. Despite certain useful interventions like greater recycling of garbage or the development of green zones, it is increasingly apparent that the whole mass of governmental regulations, environmental NGO’s, and academic programs has failed to check the overall pace of ecological decay. Since the first Earth Day was proclaimed, in fact, the breakdown in crucial areas such as carbon emissions, the loss of barrier reefs and deforestation of the Amazon basin, has actually accelerated and even begun to assume an exponential character. How do we explain this grim fact, the awareness of which should inspire the most vigorous efforts to go beyond the limits of present-day environmentalism? Perhaps Margaret Thatcher should be heeded here. In the later years of the 1970s, the very decade that was to usher in the environmental era, the “Iron Lady” Prime Minister of the UK announced the rise of “TINA,” such being the acronym for her slogan that “There Is No Alternative” to the given society, and certainly no alternative of the sort envisioned by the first wave of environmentalists. -
Capitalism Unchallenged : a Sketch of Canadian Communism, 1939 - 1949
CAPITALISM UNCHALLENGED : A SKETCH OF CANADIAN COMMUNISM, 1939 - 1949 Donald William Muldoon B.A., Simon Fraser University, 1974 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS in the Department of History @ DONALD WILLIAM MULDOON 1977 SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY February 1977 All rights reserved. This thesis may not be reproduced in whole or in part, by photocopy or other means, without permission of the author. APPROVAL Name: Donald William Muldoon Degree: Master of Arts Title of Thesis: Capitalism Unchallenged : A Sketch of Canadian Communism, 1939 - 1949. Examining Committee8 ., Chair~ergan: .. * ,,. Mike Fellman I Dr. J. Martin Kitchen senid; Supervisor . - Dr.- --in Fisher - &r. Ivan Avakumovic Professor of History University of British Columbia PARTIAL COPYRIGHT LICENSE I hereby grant to Simon Fraser University the right to lend my thesis or dissertation (the title of which is shown below) to users of the Simon Fraser University Library, and to make partial or single copies only for such users or in response to a request from the library of any other university, or other educational institution, on its own behalf or for one of its users. I further agree that permission for mu1 tiple copying of this thesis for scholarly purposes may be granted by me or the Dean of Graduate Studies. It is understood that copying or publication of this thesis for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. Title of Thesi s/Di ssertation : Author : (signature) (name) (date) ABSTRACT The decade following the outbreak of war in September 1939 was a remarkable one for the Communist Party of Canada and its successor the Labor Progressive Party. -
The Psychology of Racism, Environmental Discrimination, and the Argument for Modernizing Equal Protection Analysis
Vanderbilt Law Review Volume 46 Issue 4 Issue 4 - May 1993 Article 5 5-1993 It's Not Easy Bein' Green: The Psychology of Racism, Environmental Discrimination, and the Argument for Modernizing Equal Protection Analysis Edward P. Boyle Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.law.vanderbilt.edu/vlr Part of the Environmental Law Commons Recommended Citation Edward P. Boyle, It's Not Easy Bein' Green: The Psychology of Racism, Environmental Discrimination, and the Argument for Modernizing Equal Protection Analysis, 46 Vanderbilt Law Review 937 (1993) Available at: https://scholarship.law.vanderbilt.edu/vlr/vol46/iss4/5 This Note is brought to you for free and open access by Scholarship@Vanderbilt Law. It has been accepted for inclusion in Vanderbilt Law Review by an authorized editor of Scholarship@Vanderbilt Law. For more information, please contact [email protected]. NOTES It's Not Easy Bein' Green: The Psychology of Racism, Environmental Discrimination, and the Argument for Modernizing Equal Protection Analysis I. INTRODUCTION ........................................... 938 II. THE PSYCHOLOGY OF RACISM ............................ 940 A. The Dynamics of Individual Racism: Dominative and Aversive Types ............................ 942 B. The Dynamics of Institutional Racism .......... 945 C. The Historical Progression From Dominative to Aversive Racism ............................... .947 III. EQUAL PROTECTION ..................................... 950 A. Two Models of Equal ProtectionAnalysis ....... 952 B. Judicial Interpretationof the Clause............ 955 C. The Flaws Inherent in the Intent Standard ..... 963 IV. ENVIRONMENTAL DISCRIMINATION AND ITS CAUSES ....... 967 A. Racially Segregated Neighborhoods ............. 970 B. The Environmental Hazard Siting Process....... 971 C. The Lack of Real Representation for Minorities.. 977 V. THE SOLUTION: INTERMEDIATE-LEVEL SCRUTINY FOR ALL STATE ACTIONS WITH A SIGNIFICANT DISPARATE IMPACT ON SUSPECT CLASSES ..................................... -
Steven Isaac “The Ba'th of Syria and Iraq”
Steven Isaac “The Ba‘th of Syria and Iraq” for The Encyclopedia of Protest and Revolution (forthcoming from Oxford University Press) Three main currents of socialist thought flowed through the Arab world during and after World War II: The Ba‘th party’s version, that of Nasser, and the options promulgated by the region’s various communist parties. None of these can really be considered apart from the others. The history of Arab communists is often a story of their rivalry and occasional cohabitation with other movements, so this article will focus first on the Ba‘th and then on Nasser while telling the story of all three. In addition, the Ba‘th were active in more places than just Syria and Iraq, although those countries saw their most signal successes (and concomitant disappointments). Michel Aflaq, a Sorbonne-educated, Syrian Christian, was one of the two primary founders of the Ba‘th (often transliterated as Baath or Ba‘ath) movement. His exposure to Marx came during his studies in France, and he associated for some time with the communists in Syria after his return there in 1932. He later declared his fascination with communism ended by 1936, but others cite him as still a confirmed party member until 1943. His co-founder, Salah al-Din al-Bitar, likewise went to France for his university education and returned to Syria to be a teacher. Frustrated by France’s inter-war policies, the nationalism of both men came to so influence their attitudes towards the West that even Western socialism became another form of imperialism. -
The Soviet Union and the Fourth International, the Class Nature of the Soviet State
University of Central Florida STARS PRISM: Political & Rights Issues & Social Movements 1-1-1934 The Soviet union and the fourth International, the class nature of the soviet state Leon Trotsky Find similar works at: https://stars.library.ucf.edu/prism University of Central Florida Libraries http://library.ucf.edu This Book is brought to you for free and open access by STARS. It has been accepted for inclusion in PRISM: Political & Rights Issues & Social Movements by an authorized administrator of STARS. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Recommended Citation Trotsky, Leon, "The Soviet union and the fourth International, the class nature of the soviet state" (1934). PRISM: Political & Rights Issues & Social Movements. 152. https://stars.library.ucf.edu/prism/152 FOURTH TERNATIONAL Tht Ciass Nature of the Soviet state TEN CENTS THE CLASS NATURE OF THE SOVIET STATE HOWthe Question is Posed The break with the Commdt I$termtional and thc orientation toward the New InterPatid have pod anew the question of the social character of the U. S. S. R. Doesn't the cohpse of the Communist International dao mean at the same time the collapse of that state whi& emerged from the October Revolution? Here, indeed, h both instances one and the same ruling organization is con- cerned : the Stalinieb apparatus. It had applied identical methods within the U. S. 6. R. as in the international arena. We, Marxists, were never patrons of the double bookkeep iag system of the Braadlerites according to which the pol- idea of the St~lini~itrare impeccable in the U.8.S.R. -
TRANSNATIONAL PARTY ACTIVITY and PORTUGAL's RELATIONS with the EUROPEAN COMMUNITY
TRANSNATIONAL PARTY ACTIVITY and PORTUGAL'S RELATIONS WITH THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITY Juliet Antunes Sablosky Georgetown University Paper Prepared for Delivery at the Fourth Biennial International Conference of The European Community Studies Association May 11-14, 1995 Charleston, South Carolina This paper analyzes the interaction of the domestic and international systems during Portugal's transition to democracy in the 1970's. It focuses on the role which the European Community played in the process of democratization there, using transnational party activity as a prism through which to study the complex set of domestic and international variables at work in that process. The paper responds to the growing interest in the role of the European Community as a political actor, particularly in its efforts to support democratization in aspiring member states. The Portuguese case, one of the first in which the EC played such a role, offers new insights into how EC related party activity can affect policy-making at national and international levels. The case study centers on the Portuguese Socialist Party (PS) and its relationship with the socialist parties1 in EC member states, with the Confederation of the Socialist Parties of the European Community and the Socialist Group in the European Parliament. Its central thesis is that transnational party activity affected not only EC policy making in regard to Portugal, but had demonstrable effects on the domestic political system as well. Using both interdependence and linkages theory as its base, the paper builds on earlier work by Geoffrey Pridham (1990, 1991), Laurence Whitehead (1986, 1991) and others, on the EC's role in democratization in Southern Europe. -
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www.ssoar.info The Responsibility of Governing and the Changes in the Workers' Party of Brazil Sobottka, Emil Albert Veröffentlichungsversion / Published Version Zeitschriftenartikel / journal article Zur Verfügung gestellt in Kooperation mit / provided in cooperation with: Rainer Hampp Verlag Empfohlene Zitierung / Suggested Citation: Sobottka, E. A. (2006). The Responsibility of Governing and the Changes in the Workers' Party of Brazil. International Journal of Action Research, 2(1), 54-77. https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0168-ssoar-412777 Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Dieser Text wird unter einer Deposit-Lizenz (Keine This document is made available under Deposit Licence (No Weiterverbreitung - keine Bearbeitung) zur Verfügung gestellt. Redistribution - no modifications). We grant a non-exclusive, non- Gewährt wird ein nicht exklusives, nicht übertragbares, transferable, individual and limited right to using this document. persönliches und beschränktes Recht auf Nutzung dieses This document is solely intended for your personal, non- Dokuments. Dieses Dokument ist ausschließlich für commercial use. All of the copies of this documents must retain den persönlichen, nicht-kommerziellen Gebrauch bestimmt. all copyright information and other information regarding legal Auf sämtlichen Kopien dieses Dokuments müssen alle protection. You are not allowed to alter this document in any Urheberrechtshinweise und sonstigen Hinweise auf gesetzlichen way, to copy it for public or commercial purposes, to exhibit the Schutz beibehalten werden. Sie dürfen dieses Dokument document in public, to perform, distribute or otherwise use the nicht in irgendeiner Weise abändern, noch dürfen Sie document in public. dieses Dokument für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke By using this particular document, you accept the above-stated vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, aufführen, vertreiben oder conditions of use. -
THE AMERICAN IMPRINT on ALBERTA POLITICS Nelson Wiseman University of Toronto
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Great Plains Quarterly Great Plains Studies, Center for Winter 2011 THE AMERICAN IMPRINT ON ALBERTA POLITICS Nelson Wiseman University of Toronto Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/greatplainsquarterly Part of the American Studies Commons, Cultural History Commons, and the United States History Commons Wiseman, Nelson, "THE AMERICAN IMPRINT ON ALBERTA POLITICS" (2011). Great Plains Quarterly. 2657. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/greatplainsquarterly/2657 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Great Plains Studies, Center for at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Great Plains Quarterly by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. THE AMERICAN IMPRINT ON ALBERTA POLITICS NELSON WISEMAN Characteristics assigned to America's clas the liberal society in Tocqueville's Democracy sical liberal ideology-rugged individualism, in America: high status was accorded the self market capitalism, egalitarianism in the sense made man, laissez-faire defined the economic of equality of opportunity, and fierce hostility order, and a multiplicity of religious sects com toward centralized federalism and socialism peted in the market for salvation.l Secondary are particularly appropriate for fathoming sources hint at this thesis in their reading of Alberta's political culture. In this article, I the papers of organizations such as the United contend that Alberta's early American settlers Farmers of Alberta (UFA) and Alberta's were pivotal in shaping Alberta's political cul Social Credit Party.2 This article teases out its ture and that Albertans have demonstrated a hypothesis from such secondary sources and particular affinity for American political ideas covers new ground in linking the influence and movements. -
Exemplar De Assinante Da Imprensa Nacional
ISSN 1677-7050 Ano LVI No- 161 Brasília - DF, segunda-feira, 24 de agosto de 2015 DESIGNAR CASA CIVIL Sumário SECRETARIA EXECUTIVA . FLÁVIO HENRIQUE DE SOUZA, Presidente do Conselho Nacional PORTARIAS DE 21 DE AGOSTO DE 2015 PÁGINA dos Direitos da Pessoa com Deficiência, e JOÃO ADILBERTO PE- Atos do Poder Executivo.................................................................... 1 REIRA XAVIER, que o acompanhará, com ônus, no período de 23 a O SECRETÁRIO-EXECUTIVO DA CASA CIVIL DA Presidência da República.................................................................... 1 27 de agosto de 2015, inclusive trânsito, para participar da reunião de PRESIDÊNCIA DA REPÚBLICA, no uso da competência que lhe Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento ...................... 3 avaliação do I Relatório sobre Implementação da Convenção sobre os foi subdelegada pelo inciso I do art. 1º da Portaria nº 590, de 13 de Direitos da Pessoa com Deficiência da Organização das Nações Uni- junho de 2007, da Ministra de Estado Chefe da Casa Civil da Pre- Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação.................................. 7 sidência da República, e tendo em vista o disposto no Decreto nº Ministério da Cultura.......................................................................... 8 das, em Genebra, Suíça. 4.734, de 11 de junho de 2003, resolve: Ministério da Defesa........................................................................... 8 o o Nº 182 - EXONERAR, a pedido, Ministério da Educação ...................................................................