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European Parliament: Facts and Figures

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European Parliament: Facts and Figures BRIEFING April 2019 European Parliament: Facts and Figures This Briefing, published by the European Parliamentary Research Service, is designed to provide key facts and figures about the European Parliament, both in the 2014 to 2019 parliamentary term now drawing to a close - and in the seven previous terms since direct elections were introduced in June 1979. On the following pages you will find graphics of various kinds which: • detail the composition of the European Parliament now and in the past; • trace the increase in the number of parties represented in the EP and evolution of political groups; • chart the rise in the number of women sitting in the Parliament; • explain the electoral systems used in elections to the Parliament across the Member States; • show how turnout in European elections compares with that in national elections; • summarise the activity of the Parliament in the 2014-19 term, and in the 2009-14 term; • present the annual cost of the Parliament compared with other parliaments; • outline the composition of the Parliament’s main governing bodies. The Briefing has been updated regularly during the 2014-19 term to take account of latest developments. EuropeanEuropean Parliament Parliament, by political 2014-19 groups European Parliament by political groups Total Size of the political groups Proportion of Members in each political group 751Grand seats Total Proportion and number of seats of Members by group NumberNumber of MEPs of in Members each political in each group group as of Share of each political group in the total 751 seats in the 29 March 2019. Parliament. NI 6.9% 52 ALDE 217 EPP 217 Greens/EFA EPP (Group of the European People's Party) EPP 187 (Group of the Progressive9.1% Alliance of Socialists S&D 189 S&D and Democrats6.9% in the European Parliament)28.9% ENL 6.4% 48 76 ECR 74 ECR (European Conservatives and Reformists) 68 ALDE S&D 68 ALDE (Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe) ECR 52 Greens/EFA 24.9% 9.5% 71 52 GUE/NGL (European United Left/Nordic Green Left) 10.1% EFDD 52 GUE/NGL 51 Greens/EFA (The Greens/European Free Alliance) EFDD 41 EFDD 5.5% 751 42 EFDD (Europe of Freedom and Direct Democracy Group) 37 ENF Total 4.9% ENF ECR 29.2% 220 21 NI MEPs 40 ENL GUE/NGL 6.9% 751 seats 2.8% NI 18 NI (Non-attached Members) PPE 9.1% 67 The eight political groups in the current Parliament in order of size are: • Group of the European People’s Party (Christian Democrats) (EPP), ADLE 6.7% 50 • Group of the Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats in the European Parliament (S&D), • European Conservatives and Reformists Group (ECR), • Group of the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe (ALDE), Verts/ALE25.4% 191 • Group of the Greens/European Free Alliance (Greens/EFA), • Confederal Group of the European United Left – Nordic Green Left (GUE/NGL), • Europe of Freedom and Direct Democracy Group (EFDD), S&D 6.9% 52 • Europe of Nations and Freedom (ENF). In addition, some MEPs sit as Non-attached Members (Non-inscrits – NI). GUE/NGL EPRS | European Parliamentary Research Service Author: Giulio Sabbati Members’ Research Service PE 635.515 EPRS | European Parliamentary Research Service Size of political groups in the EP by Member State (as of 29 March 2019) EPP S&D ECR ALDE Greens/EFA GUE/NGL EFD ENF NI_OTHER Greens/ GUE/ EPP S&D ECR ALDE EFA NGL EFDD ENF NI Total DE 34DE 27DE DE6 DE4 DE13 DE8 DE1 DE1 DE2 96 Germany (DE) FR 20FR 12FR FR FR7 FR6 FR5 FR6 FR15 FR3 74 France (FR) IT 13IT 31IT IT4 IT IT1 IT3 14IT IT6 IT1 73 Italy (IT) UK UK2 20UK UK19 UK1 UK6 UK1 17UK UK4 UK3 73 United Kingdom (UK) ES 17ES 14ES ES ES8 ES5 10ES ES ES ES 54 Spain (ES) PL 22PL PL5 19PL PL PL PL PL1 PL2 PL2 51 Poland (PL) RO RO13 RO13 RO2 RO3 RO RO RO RO RO1 32 Romania (RO) NL NL5 NL3 NL2 NL7 NL2 NL3 NL NL4 NL 26 Netherlands (NL) BE BE4 BE4 BE4 BE6 BE2 BE BE BE1 BE 21 Belgium (BE) CZ CZ7 CZ4 CZ2 CZ4 CZ CZ3 CZ1 CZ CZ 21 Czech Republic (CZ) EL EL5 EL4 EL1 EL EL EL6 EL EL EL5 21 Greece (GR) HU HU12 HU4 HU HU HU2 HU HU HU HU3 21 Hungary (HU) PT PT8 PT8 PT PT1 PT PT4 PT PT PT 21 Portugal (PT) SE SE4 SE6 SE2 SE3 SE4 SE1 SE SE SE 20 Sweden (SE) AT AT5 AT5 AT AT1 AT3 AT AT AT4 AT 18 Austria (AT) BG BG7 BG4 BG2 BG4 BG BG BG BG BG 17 Bulgaria (BG) DK DK1 DK3 DK3 DK3 DK1 DK1 DK DK DK1 13 Denmark (DK) SK SK6 SK4 SK3 SK SK SK SK SK SK 13 Slovakia (SK) FI FI3 FI2 FI2 FI4 FI1 FI1 FI FI FI 13 Finland (FI) IE IE4 IE1 IE1 IE1 IE IE4 IE IE IE 11 Ireland (IE) HR HR5 HR2 HR1 HR2 HR1 HR HR HR HR 11 Croatia (HR) LT LT3 LT2 LT1 LT3 LT1 LT LT1 LT LT 11 Lithuania (LT) LV LV4 LV1 LV1 LV1 LV1 LV LV LV LV 8 Latvia (LV) SI SI5 SI1 SI SI1 SI1 SI SI SI SI 8 Slovenia (SL) EE EE1 EE1 EE EE3 EE1 EE EE EE EE 6 Estonia (EE) CY CY1 CY2 CY1 CY CY CY2 CY CY CY 6 Cyprus (CY) LU LU3 LU1 LU LU1 LU1 LU LU LU LU 6 Luxembourg (LU) MT MT3 MT3 MT MT MT MT MT MT MT 6 Malta (MT) EU 012170203040 011870203040 01760203040 01680203040 52010203040 52010203040 41010203040 01370203040 21010203040 751 EU Greens/ GUE/ EPP S&D ECR ALDE EFA NGL EFDD ENF NI Total 28.9% 24.9% 10.1% 9.1% 6.9% 6.9% 5.5% 4.9% 2.8% 100% Data supplied by Members’ Administration Unit, DG Presidency, European Parliament Country codes and flags: Austria (AT) Belgium (BE) Bulgaria (BG) Croatia (HR) Cyprus (CY) Czech Republic (CZ) Denmark (DK) Estonia (EE) Finland (FI) France (FR) Germany (DE) Greece (EL) Hungary (HU) Ireland (IE) Italy (IT) Latvia (LV) Lithuania (LT) Luxembourg (LU) Malta (MT) Netherlands (NL) Poland (PL) Portugal (PT) Romania (RO) Slovakia (SK) Slovenia (SI) Spain (ES) Sweden (SE) United Kingdom (UK) 2 European Parliament: Facts and Figures Ps s New and re-elected MEPsted ME in 2014 (as a percentage of all MEPs) New MEPs in 2014 were definedelec as those who did not sit in the EP either in the previous term (2009-2014) or in a - preceding one. Overall,New MEP of theRe 751 MEPs, 48.5% were new to the EP in 2014, whilst 51.5% were Members in a previous term. The highest proportion of new MEPs was in Greece (90.5%), whilst the lowest was in Luxembourg (16.7%). 100% 1,0 31.3% 38.1% 67.1% 16.7% 53.8% 53.7% 37.5% 37.5% 58.8% 47.1% 54.5% 45.5% 55.0% 45.9% 66.7% 66.7% 66.7% 90.5% 52.4% 42.5% 48.5% 36.4% 46.2% 46.2% 30.8% 47.6% 50.0% 50.0% 44.4% New MEPs 50% 0,5 Re-elected MEPs 0% 9.5% 32.9% 33.3% 33.3% 33.3% 41.2% 45.0% 45.5% 46.2% 46.3% 47.6% 50.0% 50.0% 51.5% 52.4% 52.9% 53.8% 53.8% 54.1% 54.5% 55.6% 57.5% 61.9% 62.5% 62.5% 63.6% 68.8% 69.2% 83.3% 0,0 SI FI IT IE LT EL LV PL ES SE EE SK AT PT CZ FR CY BE LU NL DE EU DK UK HR BG RO HU MT FI IE SI IT LT EL LV EE SE ES PL FR PT AT BE SK LU CY NL CZ EU DE BG UK HR DK RO MT HU Age of MEPs by Member State The graph shows the average age of Minimum Average Maximum MEPs, together with the maximum and minimum age, per Member State. The BG BG 30 48 70 average age of Members on 29 March DK DK 31 51 74 Dierence 2019 was 55 years, with the oldest RO RO 35 52 75 member aged 90 (from France) and the SE SE 35 52 70 youngest 28 (from Belgium). NL NL 34 52 72 IT IT 32 52 74 Min At the constituent session in July 2014 CZ CZ 38 53 75 the average was 53 years, with the HU HU 40 53 79 oldest Member aged 91 (from Greece) HR HR 43 54 62 BE BE 28 54 75 and the youngest 26 (from Denmark). ES ES 30 54 76 Between July 2014 and March PT PT 36 54 75 IE IE 41 54 66 2019, 108 MEPs have been replaced LU LU 37 55 68 for different reasons. Forty-three AT AT 39 55 69 MEPs resigned, 6 died and 59 were MT MT 40 55 71 appointed to an office incompatible EU-28 EU-28 28 55 90 with membership of the European FI FI 42 56 73 Parliament – for instance they became UK UK 33 56 75 LV LV 43 57 66 members of their national parliaments DE DE 31 57 79 or governments. EL EL 40 58 79 SI SI 47 58 76 CY CY 52 58 65 SK SK 44 59 79 EE EE 44 59 82 FR FR 37 59 90 LT LT 45 60 70 PL PL 42 61 80 020406080 100 3 EPRS | European Parliamentary Research Service European Parliament, 1979-2014 Strengths of the political groups in each parliamentary term The relative size of the political groups in the European Parliament is shown for each of the eight parliamentary terms since the first direct elections in 1979.
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