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Abid A. Ansari · Sarvajeet Singh Gill Ritu Gill · Guy R Abid A. Ansari · Sarvajeet Singh Gill Ritu Gill · Guy R. Lanza · Lee Newman Editors Phyto- remediation Management of Environmental Contaminants, Volume 2 Phytoremediation Abid Ali Ansari • Sarvajeet Singh Gill Ritu Gill • Guy R. Lanza • Lee Newman Editors Phytoremediation Management of Environmental Contaminants, Volume 2 Editors Abid Ali Ansari Sarvajeet Singh Gill Department of Biology Centre for Biotechnology Faculty of Science Maharshi Dayanand University University of Tabuk Rohtak , Haryana , India Tabuk , Saudi Arabia Guy R. Lanza Ritu Gill College of Environmental Science and Forestry Centre for Biotechnology State University of New York Maharshi Dayanand University Syracuse , NY , USA Rohtak , Haryana , India Lee Newman College of Environmental Science and Forestry State University of New York Syracuse , NY , USA ISBN 978-3-319-10968-8 ISBN 978-3-319-10969-5 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-10969-5 Library of Congress Control Number: 2015931077 Springer Cham Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifi cally the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfi lms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specifi c statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper Springer International Publishing AG Switzerland is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com) Pref ace If one way be better than another, that you may be sure is Nature’s way. – Aristotle Volume 2 of this two-volume series adds additional examples of the use of green plants and their associated microbial communities to remove, degrade, or stabilize inorganic and organic contaminants entering the air, water, and soil of a multitude of ecosystems. The chapters in Volume 2 provide additional examples that illustrate how phytoremediation applications can serve as one of several useful components in the overall management and control of contami- nants using relatively low-cost solar-driven physiological/biochemical mechanisms common to most plants. Many of the phytoremediation applications provided in Volume 2 also have the added value of providing a remediation option that offers a minimum disruption to the ecosys- tem or habitat under repair. Different forms of basic ecological restoration including phytoremediation have been used for centuries around the globe and refl ect part of what the philosopher Immanuel Kant described as the need for people to consider the potential effects of their actions on the welfare of all of human- kind for all time. Typically, an ecosystem restoration project aims to restore an impacted area to a state that is as close as possible to the conditions that existed prior to the disturbance. In the case of phytoremediation, one good way to achieve that goal involves a contaminant management pro- cess that assures a good match of the phytoremediation application to the type and concentration of contaminants and the critical site-specifi c characteristics of the area under remediation. Volume 2 of this book series provides additional accounts of selected phytoremediation research projects and case histories from specifi c sites and/or laboratories in fi ve continents around the world. Volume 2 provides a diverse global perspective and includes observations and data collected from multiple sites in nine countries in Africa, Asia, Australia, North and South America, and Europe. Organic and inorganic contaminants covered include petroleum hydrocar- bons, heavy metals/metalloids, wastewater, and nutrients. Chapters in Volume 2 also discuss the use of different organisms to manage and treat contaminants in soil and water including mixed microbial communities, cyanobacteria, rhizobia, mycorrhiza, halophytes, and lichens. All forms of ecosystem restoration including phytoremediation will have to be reexamined in the broad context of climate change. The editors and contributing authors hope that one result of publishing this book will be to provide a wide range of useful experimental data derived from global applications of phytoremediation. Hopefully, this book can also provide new insights into the advantages and disadvantages of using phytoremediation to manage the continuing threat of ecosystem degradation resulting from the interaction of contaminants and climate change. Tabuk, Saudi Arabia Abid Ali Ansari, M.Sc., Ph.D. Rohtak, India Sarvajeet Singh Gill, M.Sc., M.Phil., Ph.D. Rohtak, India Ritu Gill, Ph.D. Syracuse, USA Guy R. Lanza, Ph.D. Syracuse, USA Lee Newman, Ph.D. v Contents Part I Phytoremediation Applications for Waste Water and Improved Water Quality 1 Improved Quality of Abattoir Wastewater Through Phytoremediation ............ 3 Eki T. Aisien , Felix A. Aisien , and Okoduwa I. Gabriel 2 Phytoremediation of Contaminated Waters to Improve Water Quality ............. 11 Lucía Grijalbo Fernández , Mercedes Fernández-Pascual , Francisco Javier Gutiérrez Mañero , and Jose Antonio Lucas García 3 On-Site and Full-Scale Applications of Phytoremediation to Repair Aquatic Ecosystems with Metal Excess ................................................. 27 Laura de Cabo , Roberto Serafi ni , Silvana Arreghini , and Alicia Fabrizio de Iorio 4 Phytoremediation of Eutrophic Waters ................................................................. 41 Abid Ali Ansari , Subrata Trivedi , Fareed Ahmad Khan , Sarvajeet Singh Gill , Rubina Perveen , Mudasir Irfan Dar , Zahid Khorshid Abbas , and Hasibur Rehman 5 Phytoremediation of Water and Wastewater: On-Site and Full- Scale Applications....................................................................... 51 Gabriel Basílico , Laura de Cabo , and Ana Faggi Part II Phytoremediation Using Plants, Microbial Assemblages, and Novel Applications in Soil and Water 6 Interaction Algae–Bacteria Consortia: A New Application of Heavy Metals Bioremediation ............................................................................ 63 Ana Lucia Rengifo-Gallego and Enrique Javier Peña Salamanca 7 Heavy Metals Phytoremediation from Urban Waste Leachate by the Common Reed (Phragmites australis) ......................................................... 75 Amin Mojiri , Hamidi Abdul Aziz , Ramlah Bt Mohd Tajuddin , Shahin Gavanji , and Ali Gholami 8 Cyanobacteria as Potential Options for Wastewater Treatment ......................... 83 Anjuli Sood , Nirmal Renuka , Radha Prasanna , and Amrik Singh Ahluwalia 9 Phytoremediation Using Rhizobia .......................................................................... 95 Clarisse Brígido and Bernard R. Glick 10 Phytoremediation of Heavy Metals: The Use of Green Approaches to Clean the Environment ....................................................................................... 115 N. P. Singh and Anita Rani Santal vii viii Contents 11 Phytoremediation Using Leguminous Plants: Managing Cadmium Stress with Applications of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza (AM) Fungi ....................... 131 Rubina Perveen , Shahla Faizan , and Abid Ali Ansari 12 Phytoremediation of Copper- Contaminated Soil .................................................. 143 Anna Karczewska , Andrzej Mocek , Piotr Goliński , and Mirosław Mleczek 13 Phytoremediation of the Metalloid Selenium in Soil and Water ......................... 171 Zhilin Wu , Gary S. Bañuelos , Xuebin Yin , Zhiqing Lin , Norman Terry , Ying Liu , Linxi Yuan , and Miao Li 14 Phytoremediation Using Microbial Communities: I ............................................. 177 Mohammad Miransari 15 Phytoremediation Using Microbial Communities: II ........................................... 183 Elizabeth Temitope Alori 16 Effects of Biosolids on the Transpiration Rate of Rainbow Pink (Dianthus chinensis) Grown in Cadmium-Contaminated Soils ........................... 191 Hung-Yu Lai , Bo-Ching Chen , and Zueng-Sang Chen 17 Phytoremediation and the Electrokinetic Process: Potential Use for the Phytoremediation of Antimony and Arsenic ..................... 199 Nazaré Couto , Paula Guedes , Alexandra B. Ribeiro , and Dong-Mei Zhou 18 Chromium Phyto-transformation in Salt Marshes: The Role of Halophytes ........................................................................................... 211 Isabel Caçador and Bernardo Duarte 19 Molecular Mechanisms in the Phytoremediation of Heavy Metals from Coastal Waters ................................................................... 219 Subrata Trivedi and Abid Ali Ansari 20 Lichens as an Alternative Biosorbent: A Review .................................................. 233 Demet Cansaran-Duman and Sümer Aras 21 Phytoremediation in Constructed Wetlands .........................................................
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