University College of Takestan Available online at http://UCTjournals.com UCT Journal of Management and Accounting Studies UCT . J.Educa.Manag .Account. Stud., (UJMAS) Volume 4,Issue1 23 -28 (20 16) ISSN 2382-9745 Investigate the trend of rural development in Gachsaran city with Morris method Tofigh Deyhim1 and Yaghoob Zeraatkish2* 1Department of Economic, Yasouj Branch, Islamic azad University, Yasouj, Iran 2Department of agricultural economic, Tehran science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran,iran Original Article: Received 1 Dec. 2015 Accepted 10 Jan. 2016 Published 04 Feb. 2016 ABSTRACT Keyword: rural development Development is always a concern of any society. The principle of decentralization Morris methods and bottom-up planning, participation and transfer people affairs to them as an Gachsaran approach to rural development has been always approved by planners and officials of the Islamic Republic. Village as a human settlement is a clear manifestation of economic, social and cultural life that is associated with human life on this planet. The aim of this study is to investigate the trend of rural development in Gachsaran city with Morris method, the population is the villages of the city. According to the latest divisions in 1380, includes three urban, two county and seven villages. In the study population is the villages. The rural development is considered as the dependent variable and indicators used to assess development are considered as independent variables. In this study, to measure the research variables the questionnaire of Kalantari et al (1389) was used. The questionnaire has 117-item that is rating based on the five point Likert scale. To analyze the data and determine the level of development, the model of Morris and to distribute facilities and services, the coefficient of variation (C.V) is used and finally, these levels are prepared in the studied villages by using geographic information system (GIS). * Corresponding author: Yaghoob Zeraatkish Peer review under responsibility of UCT Journal of Management and Accounting Studies Deyhim and Yaghoob Zeraatkish UCT Journal of Management and Accounting Studies INTRODUCTION (landowners, especially large landowners receive Scientists have various definitions of development: more), the second, increase in agricultural Dennis Gault said in the definition of development: productivity will reduce the need for human resources development in addition to the economic and social (at least in the long run) and consequently resulted in goals, should also have cultural and political decreasing rural employment and their poverty and objectives, the development encompasses all social more migration to the cities. The process of social, system changes, changes that bring the community economic and cultural changes, particularly since the from current unfavorable situation towards a human Pahlavi regime so far on the one hand and various condition. Paul Straiton believes that the ultimate goal geographical context on the other hand, has led to the of development should be to provide continuous formation of a certain kind of spatial system of human improvement in the situation of people and give its settlements. Imbalance between urban and rural benefits to everyone (Masumi Eshkevari, 42: 1376). settlements in various social, economic and cultural Many great and celebrity thinkers in the world of fields has caused the disorder of spatial settlements on economy such as Adam Smith, Bayer, Clark, the one hand and rapid growth of cities, especially the Hirschman, Lewis, Myrdal, Rostow have considered first and second class cities, premature migration from the development in a sense that is a fundamental rural areas to cities and increasing deprivation of rural transformation from the old society to the modern areas compared to cities on the other hand. society (Taghvaei and Ahmadi, 1382: 42). Studies show that in our country, the allocation of The quality of development and its infrastructures resources and distribution of facilities was in a way because of poor and focused planning in the past has that has exacerbated heterogeneity between villages created major issues in the trend of rural development and to remove these inequalities, disparities and in the country. Various dimensions and Structural inequalities in these areas should be recognized and in complexity of the subject, is considered one of the terms of facilities and social and economic and natural major problems in the supply of suitable model for the characteristics be classified and for each region the distribution of credits. In order to solve the problem of program in accordance with its conditions be set and regional imbalances, the first step is the identification implemented. and classification of villages in terms of economic, Processing on any geographic area is done in a infrastructure and communication, socio-cultural, process of implementation of attractions, settlements Health Care, education and so on. (Sarrafi, 1377) and facilities needed. This forms a trend of acceptance As planners insist, to coordinate the objectives of of tourists that in one side there is the identification of national and regional development with regional tourism and in the other side there is a depth realities, in the framework of macro and sectoral understanding and measuring on the environment, policies, regional development policies should be also a lack of grading, leveling, and consequently considered to be able to adapt macro policies with disproportionate distribution of infrastructures and economic, social and cultural capabilities of regions services of tourism, including fundamental and and in a certain time achieve national sustainable apparent deficiencies which are tangible in many development objectives. Thus, one of the pillars of studies and plans of tourism industry development in development is its comprehensiveness and integrity in our country (Ghaffari, 2: 1388) order to remove the economic and social imbalances Evaluation of rural areas situation and plans to within regions. Hence, fair distribution of facilities improve the living standards of the rural population is and the benefits of development among the majority one of the necessary conditions of socio - economic of the population of a country is of important features development of all communities, especially in of a dynamic economy and a developing society. In societies like our country, that agriculture plays a each geographic area, one of the preconditions for fundamental and decisive role in the country's GDP. achieving such sustainable development is to create a Plans to accelerate the development trend in suitable ground for growth by providing livelihood- undeveloped areas and balanced relationships between welfare infrastructures and services, in line with the rural areas and create integration in them are establishment of development and balance in that necessary and at this stage deep researches and society (Hinderdink and titus, 1998). application of models by using statistical methods In the past, some managers and policy makers of the become important. (Rondinelli, 1985) development were solely focused on the "agricultural Implementation of rural development projects, in development" that today's results show that rural various stages such as the selection and location, development cannot be realized solely through it. The create infrastructure facilities and installations is village is a community with different social aspects related to the environment. Environment as a linchpin and needs a comprehensive development (ie rural of tourism plays an important role in the development) not only the development of business crystallization of a space for attract tourists. and a system named "agriculture". Although, it should Environment forms many of attractions while be noted that, through successful agriculture promoting the development of tourism depends on the development the rural development necessarily does quality of the environment visited. Pay attention to the not happen. Because first, all the villagers do not environmental aspects in rural development, in order receive the benefits of agricultural development to develop rural communities, needs to identify and University College of Takestan introduce the capacities and potentials, then Among the models which are important in identifying the structural-functional problems and determining the homogeneous regions and grading shortcomings in the unknown and less-developed settlements based on services is Morris development environments. Hence, in line with the tourism index. The index by using data available for each development policy, researcher in the study, with residential unit determines development status of each knowledge of the above-mentioned problems and of the units among others in terms of each of the shortcomings with a systematic and comprehensive selection criteria by using the Morris Inequality Index approach, in addition to identifying and evaluating the and finally the mean of a set of indexes by analysis of capabilities and limitations of the environment in rural ,,development index,, so simple, but striking and then areas of central part of Gachsaran city from the ranks the settlements. province Kohgilouye and Boyer Ahmad and the use Morris method is one of the methods that United of scientific methods used in the field of regional Nations Development Program used it to rank areas in planning has addressed this important issue. terms