List of Countries, Capital & Its Currency
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Code List 11 Invoice Currency
Code list 11 Invoice currency Alphabetical order Code Code Alfa Alfa Country / region Country / region A BTN Bhutan ngultrum BOB Bolivian boliviano AFN Afghan new afghani BAM Bosnian mark ALL Albanian lek BWP Botswanan pula DZD Algerian dinar BRL Brazilian real USD American dollar BND Bruneian dollar AOA Angolan kwanza BGN Bulgarian lev ARS Argentinian peso BIF Burundi franc AMD Armenian dram AWG Aruban guilder AUD Australian dollar C AZN Azerbaijani new manat KHR Cambodian riel CAD Canadian dollar B CVE Cape Verdean KYD Caymanian dollar BSD Bahamian dollar XAF CFA franc of Central-African countries BHD Bahraini dinar XOF CFA franc of West-African countries BBD Barbadian dollar XPF CFP franc of Oceania BZD Belizian dollar CLP Chilean peso BYR Belorussian rouble CNY Chinese yuan renminbi BDT Bengali taka COP Colombian peso BMD Bermuda dollar KMF Comoran franc Code Code Alfa Alfa Country / region Country / region CDF Congolian franc CRC Costa Rican colon FKP Falkland Islands pound HRK Croatian kuna FJD Fijian dollar CUC Cuban peso CZK Czech crown G D GMD Gambian dalasi GEL Georgian lari DKK Danish crown GHS Ghanaian cedi DJF Djiboutian franc GIP Gibraltar pound DOP Dominican peso GTQ Guatemalan quetzal GNF Guinean franc GYD Guyanese dollar E XCD East-Caribbean dollar H EGP Egyptian pound GBP English pound HTG Haitian gourde ERN Eritrean nafka HNL Honduran lempira ETB Ethiopian birr HKD Hong Kong dollar EUR Euro HUF Hungarian forint F I Code Code Alfa Alfa Country / region Country / region ISK Icelandic crown LAK Laotian kip INR Indian rupiah -
Suriname Republic of Suriname
Suriname Republic of Suriname Key Facts __________ OAS Membership Date: 1977 Head of State / Head of Government: President Desire Delano Bouterse Capital city: Paramaribo Population: 597,927 Language(s): Dutch (official), English (widely spoken), Sranang Tongo (native language), Caribbean Hindustani, Javanese Religions: Protestant 23.6%, Hindu 22.3%, Roman Catholic 21.6%, Muslim 13.8%, other Christian 3.2%, Winti 1.8%, Jehovah's Witness 1.2%, other 1.7%, none 7.5%, unspecified 3.2% Ethnic Groups: Hindustani 27.4%, "Maroon" 21.7%, Creole 15.7%, Javanese 13.7%, mixed 13.4%, other 7.6%, unspecified 0.6% Currency: Surinamese dollar (SRD) Gross domestic product (PPP): $8.688 billion (2017 est.) Legal System: civil law system influenced by the Dutch civil codes. The Commissie Nieuw Surinaamse Burgerlijk Wetboek completed drafting a new civil code in February 2009. Political system: Suriname is a presidential republic. The president and vice president are indirectly elected by the National Assembly, where they go on to serve five-year terms without any term limits. The president will serve the Chief of State and the Head of Government. The National Assembly that elects people to these offices consists of 51 members who are directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by party-list proportional representation vote. These members also serve five-year terms. The High Court of Justice of Suriname consists of four members, as well as one court president and vice president. Each of these members are to be appointed by the national president in consultation with the National Assembly, the State Advisory Council, and the Order of Private Attorneys. -
People's Democratic Republic of Algeria
People’s Democratic Republic of Algeria Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research Higher School of Management Sciences Annaba A Course of Business English for 1st year Preparatory Class Students Elaborated by: Dr GUERID Fethi The author has taught this module for 4 years from the academic year 2014/2015 to 2018/2019 Academic Year 2020/2021 1 Table of Contents Table of Contents...………………………………………………………….….I Acknowelegments……………………………………………………………....II Aim of the Course……………………………………………………………..III Lesson 1: English Tenses………………………………………………………..5 Lesson 2: Organizations………………………………………………………..13 Lesson 3: Production…………………………………………………………...18 Lesson 4: Distribution channels: Wholesale and Retail………………………..22 Lesson 5: Marketing …………………………………………………………...25 Lesson 6: Advertising …………………………………………………………28 Lesson 7: Conditional Sentences………………………………………………32 Lesson 8: Accounting1…………………………………………………………35 Lesson 9: Money and Work……………………………………………………39 Lesson 10: Types of Business Ownership……………………………………..43 Lesson 11: Passive voice……………………………………………………….46 Lesson 12: Management……………………………………………………….50 SUPPORTS: 1- Grammatical support: List of Irregular Verbs of English………..54 2- List of Currencies of the World………………………………….66 3- Business English Terminology in English and French………….75 References and Further Reading…………………………………………….89 I 2 Acknowledgments I am grateful to my teaching colleagues who preceded me in teaching this business English module at our school. This contribution is an addition to their efforts. I am thankful to Mrs Benghomrani Naziha, who has contributed before in designing English programmes to different levels, years and classes at Annaba Higher School of Management Sciences. I am also grateful to the administrative staff for their support. II 3 Aim of the Course The course aims is to equip 1st year students with the needed skills in business English to help them succeed in their study of economics and business and master English to be used at work when they finish the study. -
Transnistrian Region December 2015
Regional Economic Review: Transnistrian Region December 2015 Disclaimer This document is published by the Independent Think-Tank Expert-Grup within the Program “Support to Confidence Building Measures”, financed by the EU Delegation in Moldova and implemented by United Nations Development Programme in Moldova. Opinions expressed in this document belong to the authors and are not necessarily the opinions of the donors. Also, the authors are aware of potential risks related to quality of the statistical data and have used the data with due precaution. This document is a translation from the Romanian language. 2 Regional Economic Review: Transnistrian Region December 2015 Contents List of figures .............................................................................................................................................. 3 List of tables ............................................................................................................................................... 3 Key messages of this issue....................................................................................................................... 5 Executive Summary ................................................................................................................................... 7 Chapter 1. Domestic Supply ...................................................................................................................... 9 Chapter 2. Domestic Demand................................................................................................................. -
O C E a N O C E a N C T I C P a C I F I C O C E a N a T L a N T I C O C E a N P a C I F I C N O R T H a T L a N T I C a T L
Nagurskoye Thule (Qanaq) Longyearbyen AR CTIC OCE AN Thule Air Base LAPTEV GR EENLA ND SEA EAST Resolute KARA BAFFIN BAY Dikson SIBERIAN BARENTS SEA SEA SEA Barrow SEA BEAUFORT Tiksi Prudhoe Bay Vardo Vadso Tromso Kirbey Mys Shmidta Tuktoyaktuk Narvik Murmansk Norilsk Ivalo Verkhoyansk Bodo Vorkuta Srednekolymsk Kiruna NORWEGIAN Urengoy Salekhard SEA Alaska Oulu ICELA Anadyr Fairbanks ND Arkhangelsk Pechora Cape Dorset Godthab Tura Kitchan Umea Severodvinsk Reykjavik Trondheim SW EDEN Vaasa Kuopio Yellowknife Alesund Lieksa FINLAND Plesetsk Torshavn R U S S Yakutsk BERING Anchorage Surgut I A NORWAY Podkamennaya Tungusk Whitehorse HUDSON Nurssarssuaq Bergen Turku Khanty-Mansiysk Apuka Helsinki Olekminsk Oslo Leningrad Magadan Yurya Churchill Tallin Stockholm Okhotsk SEA Juneau Kirkwall ESTONIA Perm Labrador Sea Goteborg Yedrovo Kostroma Kirov Verkhnaya Salda Aldan BAY UNITED KINGDOM Aluksne Yaroslavl Nizhniy Tagil Aberdeen Alborg Riga Ivanovo SEA Kalinin Izhevsk Sverdlovsk Itatka Yoshkar Ola Tyumen NORTH LATVIA Teykovo Gladkaya Edinburgh DENMARK Shadrinsk Tomsk Copenhagen Moscow Gorky Kazan OF BALTIC SEA Cheboksary Krasnoyarsk Bratsk Glasgow LITHUANIA Uzhur SEA Esbjerg Malmo Kaunas Smolensk Kaliningrad Kurgan Novosibirsk Kemerovo Belfast Vilnius Chelyabinsk OKHOTSK Kolobrzeg RUSSIA Ulyanovsk Omsk Douglas Tula Ufa C AN Leeds Minsk Kozelsk Ryazan AD A Gdansk Novokuznetsk Manchester Hamburg Tolyatti Magnitogorsk Magdagachi Dublin Groningen Penza Barnaul Shefeld Bremen POLAND Edmonton Liverpool BELARU S Goose Bay NORTH Norwich Assen Berlin -
SURINAME 1. General Trends Suriname's Economy Contracted By
Economic Survey of Latin America and the Caribbean ▪ 2016 1 SURINAME 1. General trends Suriname’s economy contracted by an estimated 2% in 2015, as falling oil and gold prices took their toll on the real, fiscal and monetary sectors of the economy. This represented a major turnaround from the growth of 2.8% in 2013 and 1.8% in 2014. In addition to lower prices for Suriname’s commodities, the Suralco alumina refinery was shut down in late 2015, when parent company Alcoa decided to streamline its business. As a result, exports and foreign-exchange earnings fell steeply last year. International reserves decreased by almost half in 2015. The central bank, finding it increasingly difficult to maintain the United States currency peg, devalued the Surinamese dollar (Sr$) by 20.5% in November 2015. This was followed by foreign-currency auctions in March 2016 and the introduction of a freely floating exchange-rate regime in May 2016. As a result, the exchange rate rose from 3.35 Surinamese dollars (Sr$) per United States dollar (US$) in early November 2015 to over Sr$ 6 per US$ 1 in May 2016. In April 2016 Suriname reached a staff-level agreement with the IMF for balance-of- payments support in the amount of US$ 478 million over two years. The agreement comes with a raft of structural reforms aimed at increasing government revenues and improving fiscal and monetary policy frameworks. The fiscal deficit expanded in 2015, as the government faced lower commodity-related revenues and higher spending in the lead-up to the May 2015 general election. -
0306 Transnistria
Transnistrian Economy: Initiatives and Risks The idea of a federal state suggested by the OSCE so unexpectedly and supported both by the guarantor states, the Republic of Moldova, and Transnistria is gradually “seizing the masses”. First steps were made towards “a common state”: the composition of joint Constitution drafting commission was approved; workshop on federalism was held under the aegis of the OSCE Parliamentary Assembly; the development of the Reintegration Concept is underway. In order to speed up this process it is important to raise potential of mutual understanding and awareness. Searching for a way Before the Republic of Moldova and Transnistria agreed to a future “common state”, the economy of these subregions developed in different ways of trials and mistakes. In Moldova, market reforms started in 1992-1993, but now attempts are being made to strengthen presence of the state in the economy. In TMR, state regulation has always been a preferred method and market processes did not intensify until late 1990s. Generally speaking, the following stages can be distinguished in the economic development of Transnistria: · 1990 – 1991: search for a “free economic zone” model, attempts to implement the “regional self-financing” model suggested by the Baltic republics and popular during perestroika in the USSR. Case for it: large-scale multi-sectoral industry, intensive agriculture, premises for tourism development, and advantages of having transport routes; · 1992: pinnacle of tension in the relations between Chisinau and Tiraspol, military conflict, reciprocal attempts to block the infrastructure: power and gas supply lines, railroads; · 1993 – 1995: search for ways of economic survival without political recognition and with disrupted manufacturing cooperation with the right bank. -
Country Codes and Currency Codes in Research Datasets Technical Report 2020-01
Country codes and currency codes in research datasets Technical Report 2020-01 Technical Report: version 1 Deutsche Bundesbank, Research Data and Service Centre Harald Stahl Deutsche Bundesbank Research Data and Service Centre 2 Abstract We describe the country and currency codes provided in research datasets. Keywords: country, currency, iso-3166, iso-4217 Technical Report: version 1 DOI: 10.12757/BBk.CountryCodes.01.01 Citation: Stahl, H. (2020). Country codes and currency codes in research datasets: Technical Report 2020-01 – Deutsche Bundesbank, Research Data and Service Centre. 3 Contents Special cases ......................................... 4 1 Appendix: Alpha code .................................. 6 1.1 Countries sorted by code . 6 1.2 Countries sorted by description . 11 1.3 Currencies sorted by code . 17 1.4 Currencies sorted by descriptio . 23 2 Appendix: previous numeric code ............................ 30 2.1 Countries numeric by code . 30 2.2 Countries by description . 35 Deutsche Bundesbank Research Data and Service Centre 4 Special cases From 2020 on research datasets shall provide ISO-3166 two-letter code. However, there are addi- tional codes beginning with ‘X’ that are requested by the European Commission for some statistics and the breakdown of countries may vary between datasets. For bank related data it is import- ant to have separate data for Guernsey, Jersey and Isle of Man, whereas researchers of the real economy have an interest in small territories like Ceuta and Melilla that are not always covered by ISO-3166. Countries that are treated differently in different statistics are described below. These are – United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland – France – Spain – Former Yugoslavia – Serbia United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. -
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Demonyms: Names of Nationalities [Demonym Is a Name Given to a People Or Inhabitants of a Place.] Country Demonym* Country Demonym*
17. Useful Tables Th is chapter contains useful tables presented in GPO style. Th e tables display various design features most frequently used in Government publications and can be considered examples of GPO style. U.S. Presidents and Vice Presidents President Years Vice President Years George Washington ....................................... (1789–1797) John Adams .................................................... (1789–1797) John Adams ..................................................... (1797–1801) Th omas Jeff erson ........................................... (1797–1801) Th omas Jeff erson ............................................ (1801–1809) Aaron Burr...................................................... (1801–1805) George Clinton .............................................. (1805–1809) James Madison ................................................ (1809–1817) George Clinton .............................................. (1809–1812) Vacant .............................................................. (1812–1813) Elbridge Gerry ............................................... (1813–1814) Vacant .............................................................. (1814–1817) James Monroe.................................................. (1817–1825) Daniel D. Tompkins ..................................... (1817–1825) John Quincy Adams ...................................... (1825–1829) John C. Calhoun ............................................ (1825–1829) Andrew Jackson .............................................. (1829–1837) -
2021 Resolution Plan
2021 Resolution Plan Public Section July 1, 2021 2 STATE STREET 2021 RESOLUTION PLAN – PUBLIC SECTION Contents 4 1. Introduction and Our Business 12 2. Our Integrated Approach to Resolution Planning 12 2.1 Our Resolution Planning Priorities 14 2.2 Overview of Resolution Planning 22 2.3 Post-Resolution Size and Operational Capabilities 22 2.4 Our Continued Focus on Resolvability 39 2.5 Our Resolution Governance Structure and Risk Management Processes 44 2.6 Actions to Address the Shortcoming on Governance Mechanisms 44 2.7 Targeted Information Request 46 3. Additional Information 46 3.1 Description of Core Lines of Business 50 3.2 Material Entities 67 3.3 Financial Information 74 3.4 Memberships in Material Payment, Clearing and Settlement Systems 76 3.5 Description of Derivative and Hedging Activities 77 3.6 Material Supervisory Authorities 79 3.7 Principal Officers 80 3.8 Description of Material Management Information Systems 80 3.9 Conclusion 81 3.10 Glossary 3 STATE STREET 2021 RESOLUTION PLAN – PUBLIC SECTION 1. INTRODUCTION AND OUR BUSINESS State Street views prudent management and the operation of our business as a core institutional responsibility. We understand the importance of (FDIC) (collectively, the “Agencies”). actively managing risk and being A thoughtfully designed resolution plan prepared to weather unexpected can serve to minimize disruption to US events that could place tremendous and global financial markets, protect stress on our financial well-being. client assets and deposits, and avoid One aspect of our commitment to the need for extraordinary government prudent management is our resolution or taxpayer support. -
THE BENEFITS of ETHNIC WAR Understanding Eurasia's
v53.i4.524.king 9/27/01 5:18 PM Page 524 THE BENEFITS OF ETHNIC WAR Understanding Eurasia’s Unrecognized States By CHARLES KING* AR is the engine of state building, but it is also good for busi- Wness. Historically, the three have often amounted to the same thing. The consolidation of national states in western Europe was in part a function of the interests of royal leaders in securing sufficient rev- enue for war making. In turn, costly military engagements were highly profitable enterprises for the suppliers of men, ships, and weaponry. The great affairs of statecraft, says Shakespeare’s Richard II as he seizes his uncle’s fortune to finance a war, “do ask some charge.” The distinc- tion between freebooter and founding father, privateer and president, has often been far murkier in fact than national mythmaking normally allows. Only recently, however, have these insights figured in discussions of contemporary ethnic conflict and civil war. Focused studies of the me- chanics of warfare, particularly in cases such as Sudan, Liberia, and Sierra Leone, have highlighted the complex economic incentives that can push violence forward, as well as the ways in which the easy labels that analysts use to identify such conflicts—as “ethnic” or “religious,” say—always cloud more than they clarify.1 Yet how precisely does the chaos of war become transformed into networks of profit, and how in turn can these informal networks harden into the institutions of states? Post-Soviet Eurasia provides an enlightening instance of these processes in train. In the 1990s a half dozen small wars raged across the region, a series of armed conflicts that future historians might term collectively the * The author would like to thank three anonymous referees for comments on an earlier draft of this article and Lori Khatchadourian, Nelson Kasfir, Christianne Hardy Wohlforth, Chester Crocker, and Michael Brown for helpful conversations. -
REGISTRATION DOCUMENT 2016/2017 and Annual Financial Report
2017 REGISTRATION DOCUMENT INCLUDING THE ANNUAL FINANCIAL REPORT 2016/2017 CONTENTS 15OVERVIEW OF THE GROUP 3 CONSOLIDATED 1.1 Key figures 4 FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 1.2 History 5 AT 31 MARCH 2017 123 1.3 Shareholding structure 6 5.1 Consolidated income statement 124 1.4 The Group’s activities 7 5.2 Consolidated statement of comprehensive 1.5 Related-party transactions and material income 125 contracts 10 5.3 Consolidated statement of financial position 126 1.6 Risk factors and insurance policy 12 5.4 Change in consolidated shareholders’ equity 127 5.5 Consolidated statement of cash flows 128 5.6 Notes to the consolidated financial 2 CORPORATE SOCIAL statements 129 RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) 19 5.7 Statutory auditors’ report on the consolidated financial statements 173 Introduction: Chairman’s Commitment 20 2.1 The Group’s policy and commitments 21 2.2 Employee-related information 25 6 COMPANY FINANCIAL 2.3 Environmental information 31 STATEMENTS 2.4 Societal information 45 AT 31 MARCH 2017 175 2.5 Table of environmental indicators by site 50 6.1 Balance sheet 176 2.6 2020 targets 53 6.2 Income statement 177 2.7 Note on methodology for reporting environmental and employee-related 6.3 Cash flow statement 178 indicators 54 6.4 Financial results for the last five years 179 2.8 Cross-reference tables 57 6.5 Notes to the financial statements 180 2.9 Independent verifier’s report 6.6 Statutory auditors’ report on the financial on consolidated social, environmental statements 190 and societal information presented in the management report 61 7 INFORMATION 3 CORPORATE GOVERNANCE ON THE COMPANY AND INTERNAL CONTROL 65 AND THE CAPITAL 191 7.1 General information about the Company 192 3.1 Composition of administrative and management bodies 66 7.2 Memorandums and Articles of Association 192 3.2 Report of the Chairman of the Board 7.3 General information about the share capital 194 of Directors 77 7.4 Shareholding and stock market information 202 3.3 Statutory Auditors’ report, prepared in 7.5 Items liable to have an impact in the event accordance with Article L.