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Community Report Trench Town June 2020

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Community Report Trench Town June 2020 Conducting Baseline Studies for Seventeen Vulnerable and Volatile Communities in support of the Community Renewal Programme Financing Agreement No.: GA 43/JAM Community Report Trench Town June 2020 Submitted by: 4 Altamont Terrace, Suite #1’ Kingston 5, Jamaica W.I. Telephone, 876-616-8040, 876-929-5736, 876- 322- 3227, Email: [email protected] or [email protected] URL: www.Bracconsultants.com 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................... 2 1.1. Sample Size ...................................................................................................... 3 1.2. Demographic Profile of Household Respondents ................................................... 5 2.0. OVERVIEW ........................................................................................................... 6 2.1. Description of Community Boundaries ................................................................... 6 2.2. Estimated Population ............................................................................................ 7 2.3. Housing Characteristics ......................................................................................... 7 2.4. Development Priorities .......................................................................................... 8 3.0. PRESENTATION OF BASELINE DATA ............................................................... 10 3.1. GOVERNANCE ................................................................................................ 10 3.1.1. Citizen’s Engagement in Governance ............................................................. 10 3.1.2. Existence of alternate mechanisms for decision-making and/or influencing decision-making ....................................................................................................... 11 3.1.3. Existence of alternate mechanisms for decision-making and/or influencing decision-making ....................................................................................................... 13 3.1.4. Service Delivery .......................................................................................... 13 3.1.5. Level of alignment of partner programmes / projects with community priorities . 18 3.2. SOCIAL TRANSFORMATION .............................................................................. 20 3.2.1. Level of Trust ................................................................................................. 20 3.2.2. Community Cohesion ...................................................................................... 22 3.2.2.1. Existing events/activities geared towards cohesion ....................................... 22 3.2.2.2. Perceived activities that would improve cohesion and or what they use to gauge the feeling of “belonging” .......................................................................................... 23 3.2.2.3. Perceived barriers to cohesion and willingness to join cohesion building activities 25 3.2.3. Willingness to shift to another method of community management ....................... 26 3.2.4. Inclusiveness and Responsiveness in Decision-Making ....................................... 26 3.2.5. Perceived gaps in decision making and how to address them ................................ 27 3.2.6. Knowledge in stress management, planning, negotiating, problem-solving, and conflict resolution ........................................................................................................ 28 2 3.2.7. Conflict and Safety .......................................................................................... 29 3.2.8. Perceived necessity of gangs and criminal leaders for community safety ............... 32 3.2.9. Intergenerational relationships - perceptions of youth & youth perception of others - elders 32 3.2.10. Smoking, Alcohol, and Drug use among Youth ............................................... 33 3.2.11. Parenting and Child Development Skills ......................................................... 34 3.2.12. Attitudes towards Mental Health .................................................................... 36 3.2.13. Experiences using health services and health status .......................................... 37 3.2.14. Gender Norms and Gender Based Violence .................................................... 39 3.2.15. Social Expectations of Men and Impact on Criminal Behaviour ........................ 40 3.2.16. Social expectations of men regarding criminal behaviour (for survival) ............. 40 3.3. SAFETY AND JUSTICE .................................................................................... 42 3.3.1. Rate of reported crimes .................................................................................... 42 3.3.2. Perception of safety ......................................................................................... 44 3.3.3. Community perception of the police .................................................................. 46 3.3.4. Community Justice and Safety .......................................................................... 49 3.3.5. Perceived relationship between gang activity and justice ..................................... 51 3.3.6. Community mediation ..................................................................................... 51 3.3.7. Level of trust and confidence in the justice system .............................................. 51 3.3.8. Perception of self in relation to the justice system ............................................... 53 3.3.9. Willingness to report crime to the police ............................................................ 53 3.4. PHYSICAL TRANSFORMATION ...................................................................... 56 3.4.1. Level of satisfaction of residents with their area as a place to live ......................... 56 3.4.2. Use of Public Spaces ....................................................................................... 58 3.4.3. Knowledge about Disasters and Risk Management ............................................. 60 3.4.4. Housing Quality .............................................................................................. 61 3.5. SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ............................................................... 63 3.5.1. Employment and Job Seeking ........................................................................... 63 3.5.2. Barriers to Employment ................................................................................... 64 3.5.3. Population in the Labour Force who are Certified ............................................... 66 3 3.5.4. Means of Socio-Economic Survival ................................................................... 67 3.5.5. Attitudes to “hustling” and informal activities .................................................... 68 3.5.6. Perceived Impact of Gang Membership on Socio-Economic Development of the Community ................................................................................................................. 69 3.5.7. Poverty ........................................................................................................... 69 3.5.8. Debt ............................................................................................................... 71 3.5.9. Entrepreneurship ............................................................................................. 72 3.5.10. Social Protection .......................................................................................... 74 3.6. CHILDREN AND YOUTH DEVELOPMENT ...................................................... 76 3.6.1. Knowledge about the Childcare and Protection Act. ............................................ 76 3.6.2. Youth Participation in Governance .................................................................... 77 3.6.3 Practice of Safe Sex and Abstinence ..................................................................... 77 3.6.4. Student performance at standard examinations (Grade 4 Literacy and Numeracy, GSAT, CXC). .............................................................................................................. 78 3.6.5. Youth Involvement in Crime ............................................................................ 79 3.6.6. Child Labour and Sexual Exploitation ............................................................... 79 4.0. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ..................................................... 80 5.0. APPENDICES ....................................................................................................... 85 Appendix 1: Indicator Tables ............................................................................................ 85 Appendix 2: Dimensions of the Community Renewal Index Trench Town ........................... 104 Appendix 3: Project Intervention in Trench Town ............................................................. 109 GLOSSARY OF TERMS ............................................................................................... 111 GLOSSARY OF QUANTITATIVE TERMS ................................................................... 114 4 LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Number of EDs Selected for Household Survey ....................................................... 3 Table 2: Sample Sizes for Household and Business Establishment Surveys .............................. 3 Table 3: Sex Distribution of Household Respondents (Weighted) ..........................................
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