Active Transportation Background Paper Full Report
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ACTIVE TRANSPORTATION BACKGROUND PAPER FULL REPORT Technical Paper 1 to support the Discussion Paper for the Next Regional Transportation Plan October 2015 Regional Transportation Plan Review: Active Transportation Background Paper Report October 2015 Metrolinx Our ref: 22780003 Client ref: 141521 Prepared by: Prepared for: Regional Transportation Plan Review: Active Transportation Background Paper Steer Davies Gleave Metrolinx Report 1500-330 Bay St 97 Front Street West October 2015 Toronto, ON, M5H 2S8 Toronto, ON Canada M5J 1E6 +1 (647) 260 4861 Metrolinx na.steerdaviesgleave.com Our ref: 22780003 Client ref: 141521 Steer Davies Gleave has prepared this material for Metrolinx. This material may only be used within the context and scope for which Steer Davies Gleave has prepared it and may not be relied upon in part or whole by any third party or be used for any other purpose. Any person choosing to use any part of this material without the express and written permission of Steer Davies Gleave shall be deemed to confirm their agreement to indemnify Steer Davies Gleave for all loss or damage resulting therefrom. Steer Davies Gleave has prepared this material using professional practices and procedures using information available to it at the time and as such any new information could alter the validity of the results and conclusions made. Contents Challenges and opportunities .......................... 62 Figure 1.4: GTHA employment by industry sector and municipality .................................... 24 4 Jurisdictional review ................................ 69 Executive Summary .......................................... 1 Figure 1.5: Bike box on Harbord Avenue at Philadelphia ...................................................... 70 Spadina Avenue (Toronto) ............................... 30 1 Introduction ............................................... 5 Oxford, UK ........................................................ 75 Figure 2.1: Strategic areas for active Transportation in the Greater Toronto and transportation in the GTHA ............................. 41 Hamilton Area ..................................................... 6 Vancouver ........................................................ 80 Figure 2.2: Active transportation scales ........ 42 Benefits of active transportation...................... 26 New York City ................................................... 85 Figure 3.1: Bikeway network in the GTHA ....... 48 Interactions between active transportation and Appendices other modes ..................................................... 29 Figure 3.2: Examples of differing bikeway A Progress since 2008: detailed assessment network provision ............................................ 49 2 Active Transportation’s Contribution to the Figure 3.3: Bikeways coloured by connectivity 50 Regional Transportation Plan .................... 32 Figure 3.4: Toronto bike share stations ........... 52 Goals from The Big Move and progress since Figures Figure 3.5: Hamilton bike share stations ......... 52 2008 .................................................................. 33 Figure 1.1: Four drivers framework.................... 6 Figure 3.6: Trip length distribution .................. 55 Municipal policy environment .......................... 35 Figure 1.2: GTHA active transportation context 7 Figure 3.7: Cycling mode share and cycling Proposed goals for the updated Regional Figure 1.3: Land Use Typology ........................... 8 Transport Plan .................................................. 37 infrastructure ................................................... 57 Figure 1.4: GTHA Population Growth ............... 10 Active transportation strategies in the GTHA .. 41 Figure 3.8: Walk mode share ........................... 59 Figure 1.5: GTHA Employment Growth ............ 10 Scales of active transportation projects ........... 42 Figure 4.1: SEPTA Regional Rail and Rapid Figure 1.1: Mode split for local trips ................ 17 Transit map. ..................................................... 72 3 State of Active Transportation in the GTHA43 Figure 1.2: Mode split for trips to City of Toronto Figure 4.2: Major bus routes serving Oxford’s Network description and short-term plans ...... 43 .......................................................................... 17 suburbs............................................................. 76 Success factors.................................................. 55 Figure 1.3: Mode split for all trips in the GTHA 17 October 2015 Tables Table 3.1: Active transportation network components ..................................................... 44 Table 1.1: GTHA Land Use Patterns .................... 9 Table 3.2: Improvements by network Table 1.2: Land use types and trip making component and strategic mechanism .............. 54 behaviours ........................................................ 11 Table 3.3: Success factors: importance by Table 1.3: Land use pattern active strategic area .................................................... 61 transportation strategies .................................. 12 Table 3.4: Benefits and interactions: influence Table 1.4: Transit Typology ............................... 13 on strategic areas ............................................. 63 Table 1.1: Mode Split in the GTHA ................... 16 Table 3.5: Challenges and opportunities: specific Table 1.2: Active Transportation Considerations issues for each against strategic area .............. 68 by Trip Type ..................................................... 18 Table 4.1: Vancouver key active transportation Table 1.3: Active Transportation Considerations practices ........................................................... 83 by Mode ............................................................ 19 Table 4.2: New York City key active Table 1.4: Governance Structure for GTHA transportation practices ................................... 88 Transportation .................................................. 20 Table 1.5: Tiers of governance and active transportation .................................................. 22 Table 2.1: Progress in meeting the Objectives and Priority Actions from The Big Move ........... 33 Table 2.2: Active transportation plans by municipality ...................................................... 36 Table 2.3: Active Transportation and RTP Goals .......................................................................... 38 October 2015 Regional Transportation Plan Review: Active Transportation Background Paper | Report Executive Summary and various third parties such as non-profit Contribution to the Regional Transportation Plan organisations. Background The Big Move identified the need for significant Active transportation yields economic, social and improvements to active transportation provision The Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area (GTHA) is environmental benefits. The economic benefits and use throughout the GTHA. It contained one undergoing rapid growth and development. include road capital and maintenance cost goal specifically targeted at higher active Population and employment are both increasing, savings, congestion reduction, increased support transportation use: with rapid growth forecasted from 2015-2041. In for local businesses, improved livability, and order to accommodate this growth, the region’s financial savings to individuals. transportation network must evolve. Metrolinx Goal C / Active and Healthy Lifestyles: launched the 2015 regional transportation plan The social benefits include health improvements, Walking and cycling will be attractive (RTP) review to ensure that the region’s transport increased personal safety (both perceived and and realistic choices for all, including network is able to support the development of a actual), and better mobility opportunities for non- children and seniors. region with a strong economy, vibrant culture, drivers. The environmental benefits arise from and sound environmental basis. active transportation being emission-free, and hence helping reduce CAC and GHG emissions. Two other goals relate strongly to active This paper is one of a series of working papers transportation. Goal D (Safe and Secure Mobility) Active Transportation has numerous interfaces that discusses critical topics for reviewing the states “Getting around will be safer and more with other modes, including transit, general previous RTP, 2008’s the Big Move, and secure. Parents will feel comfortable allowing and traffic, and trucks. Walking and cycling also developing a new plan. The focus of this paper is encouraging their children to walk, cycle or take interact with one another. These interactions can Active Transportation. public transit to school”. Goal H (Foundation of an present safety risks to AT users. However, simple, Attractive and Well-Planned Region) includes that Introduction effective measures exist to mitigate those risks. “The transportation system will help us create Almost all active transportation infrastructure in Trips can involve both AT and transit. This creates valuable, beautiful and attractive places. Roads, the GTHA is provided by the municipalities. a need for appropriate integration, both for high- streets, transit lines and stations will be designed Where a two-tier municipal government structure order transit services, and local bus services. An to benefit both travellers and local residents” exists, then the lower tier is the primary provider. effective sidewalk is a vital and necessary Each Goal