Wildlife ID 2021
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Foraging Flight Distances of Wintering Ducks and Geese: a Review
VOLUME 9, ISSUE 2, ARTICLE 2 Johnson, W. P., P. M. Schmidt, and D. P. Taylor. 2014. Foraging flight distances of wintering ducks and geese: a review. Avian Conservation and Ecology 9(2): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.5751/ACE-00683-090202 Copyright © 2014 by the author(s). Published here under license by the Resilience Alliance. Research Paper Foraging flight distances of wintering ducks and geese: a review William P. Johnson 1, Paige M. Schmidt 1 and Dustin P. Taylor 2 1U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, National Wildlife Refuge System, Division of Biological Sciences, 2U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Sequoyah National Wildlife Refuge ABSTRACT. The distance covered by foraging animals, especially those that radiate from a central area when foraging, may affect ecosystem, community, and population dynamics, and has conservation and landscape planning implications for multiple taxa, including migratory waterfowl. Migrating and wintering waterfowl make regular foraging flights between roosting and feeding areas that can greatly impact energetic resources within the foraging zone near roost sites. We reviewed published studies and gray literature for one- way foraging flight distances (FFDs) of migrating and wintering dabbling ducks and geese. Thirty reviewed studies reported FFDs and several reported values for multiple species or locations. We obtained FFD values for migration (n = 7) and winter (n = 70). We evaluated the effects of body mass, guild, i.e., dabbling duck or goose, and location, i.e., Nearctic or Palearctic, on FFDs. We used the second-order Akaike’s Information Criterion for model selection. We found support for effects of location and guild on FFDs. -
Moose Foraging in the Temperate Forests of Southern New England Author(S) :Edward K
Moose Foraging in the Temperate Forests of Southern New England Author(s) :Edward K. Faison, Glenn Motzkin, David R. Foster and John E. McDonald Source: Northeastern Naturalist, 17(1):1-18. 2010. Published By: Humboldt Field Research Institute DOI: 10.1656/045.017.0101 URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.1656/045.017.0101 BioOne (www.bioone.org) is a a nonprofit, online aggregation of core research in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences. BioOne provides a sustainable online platform for over 170 journals and books published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses. Your use of this PDF, the BioOne Web site, and all posted and associated content indicates your acceptance of BioOne’s Terms of Use, available at www.bioone.org/page/terms_of_use. Usage of BioOne content is strictly limited to personal, educational, and non- commercial use. Commercial inquiries or rights and permissions requests should be directed to the individual publisher as copyright holder. BioOne sees sustainable scholarly publishing as an inherently collaborative enterprise connecting authors, nonprofit publishers, academic institutions, research libraries, and research funders in the common goal of maximizing access to critical research. 2010 NORTHEASTERN NATURALIST 17(1):1–18 Moose Foraging in the Temperate Forests of Southern New England Edward K. Faison1,2,*, Glenn Motzkin1, David R. Foster1, and John E. McDonald3 Abstract - Moose have recently re-colonized the temperate forests of southern New England, raising questions about this herbivore’s effect on forest dynamics in the region. We quantifi ed Moose foraging selectivity and intensity on tree species in rela- tion to habitat features in central Massachusetts. -
Mammals of the Finger Lakes ID Guide
A Guide for FL WATCH Camera Trappers John Van Niel, Co-PI CCURI and FLCC Professor Nadia Harvieux, Muller Field Station K-12 Outreach Sasha Ewing, FLCC Conservation Department Technician Past and present students at FLCC Virginia Opossum Eastern Coyote Eastern Cottontail Domestic Dog Beaver Red Fox Muskrat Grey Fox Woodchuck Bobcat Eastern Gray Squirrel Feral Cat Red Squirrel American Black Bear Eastern Chipmunk Northern Raccoon Southern Flying Squirrel Striped Skunk Peromyscus sp. North American River Otter North American Porcupine Fisher Brown Rat American Mink Weasel sp. White-tailed Deer eMammal uses the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) for common and scientific names (with the exception of Domestic Dog) Often the “official” common name of a species is longer than we are used to such as “American Black Bear” or “Northern Raccoon” Please note that it is Grey Fox with an “e” but Eastern Gray Squirrel with an “a”. Face white, body whitish to dark gray. Typically nocturnal. Found in most habitats. About Domestic Cat size. Can climb. Ears and tail tip can show frostbite damage. Very common. Found in variety of habitats. Images are often blurred due to speed. White tail can overexpose in flash. Snowshoe Hare (not shown) is possible in higher elevations. Large, block-faced rodent. Common in aquatic habitats. Note hind feet – large and webbed. Flat tail. When swimming, can be confused with other semi-aquatic mammals. Dark, naked tail. Body brown to blackish (darker when wet). Football-sized rodent. Common in wet habitats. Usually doesn’t stray from water. Pointier face than Beaver. -
Mammals of the Rincon Mountain District, Saguaro National Park
National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Natural Resource Stewardship and Science Mammals of the Rincon Mountain District, Saguaro National Park Natural Resource Report NPS/SODN/NRR—2011/437 ON THE COVER Jaguar killed in Rincon Mountains in 1902, photographed at saloon in downtown Tucson. Photograph courtesy Arizona Historical Society. Mammals of the Rincon Mountain District, Saguaro National Park Natural Resource Report NPS/SODN/NRR—2011/437 Author Don E. Swann With contributions by Melanie Bucci, Matthew Caron, Matthew Daniels, Ronnie Sidner, Sandy A. Wolf, and Erin R. Zylstra Saguaro National Park 3693 South Old Spanish Trail Tucson, Arizona 85730-5601 Editing and Design Alice Wondrak Biel Sonoran Desert Network 7660 E. Broadway Blvd., Suite 303 Tucson, AZ 85710 August 2011 U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Natural Resource Stewardship and Science Fort Collins, Colorado The National Park Service’s Natural Resource Stewardship and Science offi ce, in Fort Collins, Colo- rado, publishes a range of reports that address natural resource topics of interest and applicability to a broad audience in the National Park Service and others in natural resource management, including scientists, conservation and environmental constituencies, and the public. The Natural Resource Report Series is used to disseminate high-priority, current natural resource management information with managerial application. The series targets a general, diverse audience, and may contain NPS policy considerations or address sensitive issues of management applicability. All manuscripts in the series receive the appropriate level of peer review to ensure that the informa- tion is scientifi cally credible, technically accurate, appropriately written for the intended audience, and designed and published in a professional manner. -
Northern Shoveler Anas Clypeata
Northern Shoveler Anas clypeata Folk Name: Spoonbill, Broad-bill, Spoon Bill Teal Status: Migrant, Winter Resident/Visitor Abundance: Uncommon Habitat: Lakes, ponds Take one good look at a Northern Shoveler and you will quickly realize how it acquired its various common names. Its large, conspicuous, spoon-shaped bill is unlike the bill of any other duck in the Carolinas. When viewed from above, the bill appears a bit like a shoe horn, narrow at the base and flaring out widely towards its rounded end, which can be a tad wider than the duck’s head. The shoveler is a heavy-bodied dabbling duck related to our teal ducks, but at 19 inches long, it is 3 ½ inches bigger reported one at Cowan’s Ford Wildlife Refuge on the than the Blue-winged and 5 inches bigger than the Green- very early date of 7 August in 1988, and one was reported winged Teal. Like our other dabbling ducks, it prefers lingering in Charlotte on April 28, 2012. Usually fewer shallow waters for foraging but any size pond will do. than 10 birds are seen at a time; however, an impressive In 1909, T. G. Pearson shared this assessment of the total of 948 was counted at Pee Dee NWR on January 2, Northern Shoveler with readers of the Greensboro Daily 2010. Historically, this duck was more common in the News: region during migration, but many mid-winter reports have been received since the turn of the twenty-first The male shoveler is a striking bird and the green century. of his head often leads the hasty observer at a Mary Akers, a 12-year-old bird watcher in Charlotte, distance to believe that he is looking at a mallard, shared this story of a weekend encounter with a “Spoon the similarity also being heightened in part by the Bill Teal,” in 1940: large size of the bird. -
Waterfowl in Iowa, Overview
STATE OF IOWA 1977 WATERFOWL IN IOWA By JACK W MUSGROVE Director DIVISION OF MUSEUM AND ARCHIVES STATE HISTORICAL DEPARTMENT and MARY R MUSGROVE Illustrated by MAYNARD F REECE Printed for STATE CONSERVATION COMMISSION DES MOINES, IOWA Copyright 1943 Copyright 1947 Copyright 1953 Copyright 1961 Copyright 1977 Published by the STATE OF IOWA Des Moines Fifth Edition FOREWORD Since the origin of man the migratory flight of waterfowl has fired his imagination. Undoubtedly the hungry caveman, as he watched wave after wave of ducks and geese pass overhead, felt a thrill, and his dull brain questioned, “Whither and why?” The same age - old attraction each spring and fall turns thousands of faces skyward when flocks of Canada geese fly over. In historic times Iowa was the nesting ground of countless flocks of ducks, geese, and swans. Much of the marshland that was their home has been tiled and has disappeared under the corn planter. However, this state is still the summer home of many species, and restoration of various areas is annually increasing the number. Iowa is more important as a cafeteria for the ducks on their semiannual flights than as a nesting ground, and multitudes of them stop in this state to feed and grow fat on waste grain. The interest in waterfowl may be observed each spring during the blue and snow goose flight along the Missouri River, where thousands of spectators gather to watch the flight. There are many bird study clubs in the state with large memberships, as well as hundreds of unaffiliated ornithologists who spend much of their leisure time observing birds. -
Virginia Opossum
Virginia Opossum Status ☑ Bites ☑ Carries internal & external parasites ☑ Can transmit pathogens on its body ☑ Often infested with fleas that can vector pathogenic bacteria, the cause of flea-borne typhus Opossum tracks. Right front foot (left), right hind foot (right). Note the lack of a claw on the inner toe of the hind foot. General Information What Do They Look Like? The Virginia opossum (Didelphis virginiana) is a hairy, heavy- Opossums are marsupials, primitive mammals whose young bodied, cat-sized mammal with a large white head, a long complete their development in a pouch on the lower portion narrow snout, black hairless ears, and a long rat-like tail. It of their mother’s belly. The marsupial group includes familiar walks and climbs with all four limbs and uses its tail to grasp animals such as koalas, kangaroos, and wallabies. Marsupials as if it were another hand. Its body fur is gray, about an are native to the Australian region, and South, Central, and inch long, and is interspersed with much longer white and North America. This is the only marsupial found in the wild in gray hairs (about 2.5-3 inches long). It was introduced into North America. California from the southeastern U.S. many years ago and has spread to most coastal and foothill areas of the state. It The head and body of an adult Virginia opossum totals about is now a common resident throughout urban and suburban 74 cm (29 inches) long, but ranges from 35 to 94 cm (13-37 areas of Orange County and is rarely seen in wilderness areas. -
13.3.3. Aquatic Invertebrates Important for Waterfowl Production
WATERFOWL MANAGEMENT HANDBOOK 13.3.3. Aquatic Invertebrates Important for Waterfowl Production Jan Eldridge that wetland. For example, invertebrates such as Bell Museum of Natural History leeches, earthworms, zooplankton, amphipods, University of Minnesota isopods, and gastropods are dependent on passive Minneapolis, MN 55455 dispersal (they can’t leave the wetland under their own power). As a result, they have elaborate mecha- Aquatic invertebrates play a critical role in the nisms to deal with drought and freezing. A second diet of female ducks during the breeding season. group that includes some beetles and most midges Most waterfowl hens shift from a winter diet of can withstand drought and freezing but requires seeds and plant material to a spring diet of mainly water to lay eggs in spring. A third group that in- invertebrates. The purpose of this chapter is to give cludes dragonflies, mosquitoes, and phantom managers a quick reference to the important inver- midges lays eggs in the moist mud of drying wet- tebrate groups that prairie-nesting ducks consume. lands during summer. A fourth group that includes Waterfowl species depend differentially on the most aquatic bugs and some beetles cannot cope various groups of invertebrates present in prairie with drying and freezing, so,they leave shallow wet- wetlands, but a few generalizations are possible. lands to overwinter in larger bodies of water. Man- agers can use the presence of these invertebrates to Snails, crustaceans, and insects are important inver- determine the effectiveness of water management tebrate groups for reproducing ducks (Table). Most regimes designed for waterfowl production. species of laying hens rely on calcium from snail The following descriptions of invertebrate natu- shells for egg production. -
CP Bird Collection
Lab Practical 1: Anseriformes - Caprimulgiformes # = Male and Female * = Specimen out only once Phalacrocoracidae Laridae Anseriformes Brandt's Cormorant * Black Skimmer Anatidae American Wigeon Double-crested Cormorant Bonaparte's Gull California Gull Bufflehead Ciconiiformes Forster's Tern Canvasback Ardeidae Heermann's Gull Cinnamon Teal Black-crowned Night-Heron Ring-billed Gull Common Goldeneye Cattle Egret Royal Tern Fulvous Whistling-Duck Great Blue Heron Gadwall Great Egret Western Gull Green-winged Teal Green Heron Alcidae Common Murre Lesser Scaup Least Bittern Mallard Snowy Egret Columbiformes Columbidae Northern Pintail Falconiformes Band-tailed Pigeon Northern Shoveler Accipitridae Mourning Dove Redhead Cooper's Hawk Rock Pigeon # Ruddy Duck * Golden Eagle Snow Goose Red-shouldered Hawk Cuculiformes # Surf Scoter Red-tailed Hawk Cuculidae Greater Roadrunner Galliformes Sharp-shinned Hawk Phasianidae White-tailed Kite Strigiformes # Ring-necked Pheasant Cathartidae Tytonidae Odontophoridae Turkey Vulture Barn Owl California Quail Falconidae Strigidae Gambel's Quail # American Kestrel Burrowing Owl Mountain Quail Prairie Falcon Great Horned Owl Western Screech-Owl Gaviiformes Gruiformes Gaviidae Rallidae Caprimulgiformes Common Loon American Coot Caprimulgidae Clapper Rail Common Nighthawk Podicipediformes Common Gallinule Podicipedidae Common Poorwill Virginia Rail Clark's Grebe Eared Grebe Charadriiformes Pied-billed Grebe Charadriidae Western Grebe Black-bellied Plover Killdeer Procellariiformes Recurvirostridae Procellariidae American Avocet Northern Fulmar Black-necked Stilt Pelecaniformes Scolopacidae Pelecanidae Greater Yellowlegs * American White Pelican Long-billed Dowitcher * Brown Pelican Marbled Godwit Western Sandpiper ZOO 329L Ornithology Lab – Topography – Lab Practical 1 BILL (BEAK) Culmen the ridge on top of the upper mandible. It extends from the tip of the bill to where the feathers begin. Gonys ridge of the lower mandible, analogous to the culmen on the upper mandible. -
Virginia Opossum Didelphis Virginiana
MAMMALS OF MISSISSIPPI 1:1-8 Virginia Opossum (Didelphis virginiana) BRITTANY L. WILEMON Department of Wildlife and Fisheries, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, 39762, USA Abstract.—Didelphis virginiana is a small marsupial more commonly known as the opossum. Found primarily in the eastern United States, it is a very hardy mammal that is usually gray with a lighter shade in the north and a darker shade in the south. Known for its opposable tail and its ability to feign death, this primarily nocturnal mammal prefers wooded and moist areas. Didelphis virginiana is a species of little concern, with populations expanding to the north and west. Published 5 December 2008 by the Department of Wildlife and Fisheries, Mississippi State University Virginia opossum spectrum. Weight ranges from 1.9 to 2.8 kg Didelphis virginiana (Kerr, 1792) (McManus 1974). Average life expectancy is approximately 1.5 years. The length of the CONTEXT AND CONTENT tail is relatively large compared to the body Order Didelphimorphia, Family Didelphidae, length. The tail is usually around 90 percent of Subfamily Didelphinae, Genus Didelphis. Four the body length (McManus 1974). The tail is subspecies are recognized. hairless and scale like. The ears are hairless • Subspecies virginiana and are dark gray or black in coloration. The • Subspecies californica adult dental formula (Fig. 2) of the Virginia • Subspecies pigra opossum is i 5/4, c 1/1, p 3/3, m 4/4, 50 total • Subspecies yucatanensis (McManus 1974). • GENERAL CHARACTERS DISTRIBUTION The Virginia opossum ranges in color from The Virginia opossum has been noted as one a light gray in the north to a dark gray in of the most successful mammal species in the southern part of the range. -
Effigy Mounds- Yellow River Forest
___Hooded Merganser* ___Hudsonian Godwit ___Acadian Flycatcher* ___Bohemian Waxwing ___Dark-eyed Junco ___Brewer’s Blackbird ___Common Merganser ___Marbled Godwit ___Alder Flycatcher ___Cedar Waxwing* ___Common Grackle* ___Summer Tanager ___Red-breasted Merganser ___Semipalmated Sandpiper ___Willow Flycatcher* ___Brown-headed Cowbird* Effigy Mounds- ___Lapland Longspur ___Scarlet Tanager* ___Ruddy Duck ___Least Sandpiper ___Least Flycatcher* ___Orchard Oriole* ___Snow Bunting ___Northern Cardinal* ___White-rumped Sandpiper ___Eastern Phoebe* ___Baltimore Oriole* ___Northern Bobwhite* ___Rose-breasted Grosbeak* Yellow River Forest ___Baird’s Sandpiper ___Great Crested Flycatcher* ___Ovenbird* ___Gray Partridge* ___Blue Grosbeak ___Purple Finch ___Pectoral Sandpiper ___Eastern Kingbird* ___Worm-eating Warbler* ___Ring-necked Pheasant* ___Indigo Bunting* ___House Finch* ___Dunlin ___Louisiana Waterthrush* ___Ruffed Grouse* ___Loggerhead Shrike* ___Dickcissel* ___White-winged Crossbill ___Stilt Sandpiper Bird Conservation Area ___Northern Waterthrush ___Wild Turkey* ___Northern Shrike ___Red Crosbill ___Short-billed Dowitcher ___Golden-winged Warbler ___Bobolink* ___Common Redpoll ___Common Loon ___Long-billed Dowitcher ___White-eyed Vireo* ___Blue-winged Warbler* ___Red-winged Blackbird* & ___Pine Siskin* ___Wilson’s Snipe* ___Bell’s Vireo* ___Black-and-white Warbler* ___Eastern Meadowlark* ___American Goldfinch* ___Pied-billed Grebe* ___American Woodcock* Audubon Globally ___Yellow-throated Vireo* ___Prothonotary Warbler* ___Western Meadowlark* -
Wildlife Flock to Backyards for Food from People 26 October 2020, by Laura Oleniacz
Wildlife flock to backyards for food from people 26 October 2020, by Laura Oleniacz abundance and variety of mammals compared with wild areas. "There's this idea that nature and humans don't coexist well," Kays said. "But what we've been finding is that when it comes to mammals, especially in North America, they actually do pretty well around people. You end up with high abundance. You expect there to be fewer animals, and there's actually more." Researchers wanted to know why that is. To test whether food and shelter are attracting animals, A new study used camera traps to study what might be researchers set up cameras in the backyards of 58 drawing wildlife to people's backyards. Credit: eMammal. homes near Raleigh, Durham, and outside of The photo was cropped and shared Creative Commons Chapel Hill, as well as in nearby forests in rural and Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International urban areas nearby for comparison. The study was License. conducted in collaboration with scientists at the University of Montana. By analyzing the pictures they found, researchers To see wildlife in the Triangle, sometimes you discovered seven species -squirrels, gray and red need go no further than your own backyard. A new fox, Virginia opossum, eastern cottontail rabbits, study helps explain why some animals are woodchucks and eastern chipmunks—were more sometimes more often found in suburban areas frequently seen in yards compared to forests. than wild ones: because people are feeding Eleven species, such as white-tailed deer, squirrels them—sometimes accidentally—and to a lesser and raccoons, were more common in suburban degree, providing them with shelter.