Evolving a Signature Sound: Blending Celtic Roots and Aesthetics with Divergent Music Production Practices in Studio Albums Recorded by the Corrs
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Evolving a signature sound: blending Celtic roots and aesthetics with divergent music production practices in studio albums recorded by The Corrs Stephanie Caffrey May 2020 Supervisors: Dr Daithí Kearney and Mr Seán Keegan External Examiner: Dr Leah Kardos Internal Examiner: Mr Paul McGettrick Master of Arts by Research in Music Declaration I hereby certify that this material, which I now submit for assessment on the programme of study leading to the award of Master of Arts by Research in Music is entirely my own work, and that I have exercised reasonable care to ensure that the work is original, and does not to the best of my knowledge breach any law of copyright, and has not been taken from the work of others save and to the extent that such work has been cited and acknowledged within the text of my work. Signed: ID No: D00140714 Date: 29th of May 2020 i Acknowledgements First of all, I am sincerely grateful to Dundalk Institute of Technology’s Research Scholarship Programme for providing me with the opportunity to study at a postgraduate research degree level. I would also like to thank the staff of the Research Support Team and the Department of Creative Arts, Media and Music. I am particularly indebted to my joint supervisors Dr Daithí Kearney and Mr Seán Keegan for their unwavering commitment, support and encouragement throughout the course of my project. Their enthusiasm for music, music production and scholarly learning motivated me throughout my research and their guidance kept me on the right path throughout. I am exceptionally grateful to Jim Corr for providing me with many opportunities to discuss aspects of my research. I am very grateful he gave me so much of his time and for openly imparting his vast knowledge, experiences and memories about music and recording. The support of my friends throughout my project means the world to me and I would like to thank Liam, Ciara, Rachel, Anne and Clare in particular. Their cheerful words of encouragement inspired me enormously. I would also like to thank Pat for goal setting with me. I extend my deep gratitude to my Mum and Dad and to my sisters Arlene and Amy for their love and support. Finally, a special thanks to my fiancé Richard for his unending patience and personal support at all times. Thank you for consistently believing in me and for always encouraging me. ii Abstract Successful bands and artists have a distinctive sound that makes them instantly recognisable to audiences and differentiates them from other performers within their genre. By examining practices within music production, this thesis will demonstrate how multiple decisions and creative collaboration between music producers and a band impact on the development of a particular sound that is disseminated to an audience. Taking into account that music producers can have their own distinctive signature sound due to divergent working practices, bands often choose to work with specific music producers to shape or refine their sound. While a band can have an overall recognisable sound across a recording catalogue, each album can vary within that sound, resulting in a varied portfolio influenced by divergent music production choices and socio-cultural contexts. Using Irish music group The Corrs as a case study, this thesis critically examines three albums from their recording catalogue. Through a music production content analysis, which is supported by the reverse engineering of specified singles and album tracks through the use of digital audio workstation Pro Tools, the building blocks of The Corrs’ identifiable sound and recurring patterns are revealed. By examining the music production of each of the three albums in parallel with a critical study of the Irish music industry and cultural environment, this thesis adds to the field of musicology in record production. iii Table of Contents List of Figures ........................................................................................................... vi List of Tables ............................................................................................................ ix Chapter 1 – Introduction ............................................................................................ 1 Objectives .................................................................................................................................... 3 Methodology ................................................................................................................................ 4 Literature Review ........................................................................................................................ 7 Thesis Structure ......................................................................................................................... 11 Chapter 2 – The Corrs in the Context of Irish Music and Socio-Economic Ireland 13 Plotting the Soundscape of The Corrs’ Upbringing and Environment ...................................... 13 Development of The Corrs’ Sound in the Context of Irish Music ............................................ 21 Conclusion ................................................................................................................................. 27 Chapter 3 – Signature Sounds of Celtic Music ........................................................ 28 1. Vocals in Celtic Music .......................................................................................................... 30 2. Celtic Musical Instruments .................................................................................................... 31 3. Arrangement in Celtic Music ................................................................................................ 32 4. Music Production in Celtic Music ......................................................................................... 34 5. Musical Features and Techniques in Celtic Music ................................................................ 34 Conclusion ................................................................................................................................. 37 Chapter 4 – Critiquing The Corrs’ Signature Sound: Forgiven, Not Forgotten ...... 38 Music Production Content Analysis: Runaway ......................................................................... 41 Music Production Content Analysis: Forgiven, Not Forgotten ................................................ 51 Music Production Content Analysis: The Right Time ............................................................... 60 Music Production Content Analysis: Love to Love You ............................................................ 65 Music Production Content Analysis: Toss the Feathers ........................................................... 70 The Role of the Music Producer: David Foster ......................................................................... 77 Summary: Forgiven, Not Forgotten Album Analysis ............................................................... 79 Chapter 5 – Critiquing the Evolution of a Sound: Home and Jupiter Calling ........ 82 Album Analysis 2: Home .......................................................................................................... 83 Music Production Content Analysis: Heart Like a Wheel ......................................................... 86 Music Production Content Analysis: Buachaill on Eirne ......................................................... 90 Music Production Content Analysis: Moorlough Shore ............................................................ 96 Music Production Content Analysis: Haste to the Wedding ................................................... 101 The Role of the Music Producer: Mitchell Froom .................................................................. 106 Summary: Home Album Analysis ........................................................................................... 109 Album Analysis 3: Jupiter Calling .......................................................................................... 112 Music Production Content Analysis: Son of Solomon ............................................................. 115 Music Production Content Analysis: SOS (Song of Syria) ...................................................... 119 Music Production Content Analysis: Bulletproof Love ........................................................... 123 Music Production Content Analysis: Dear Life ...................................................................... 128 The Role of the Music Producer: T-Bone Burnett .................................................................. 133 Summary: Jupiter Calling Album Analysis ............................................................................ 135 iv Chapter 6 – Summaries and Conclusion ................................................................ 138 Understanding Celtic Aesthetics ............................................................................................. 138 Signature Sound and The Corrs ............................................................................................... 140 The Role of the Music Producer .............................................................................................. 147 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................... 149 Appendices ............................................................................................................ 152 Appendix A – Chronology