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The Global Irish and Chinese: Migration, Exclusion, and Foreign Relations Among Empires, 1784-1904
THE GLOBAL IRISH AND CHINESE: MIGRATION, EXCLUSION, AND FOREIGN RELATIONS AMONG EMPIRES, 1784-1904 A Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences of Georgetown University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History By Barry Patrick McCarron, M.A. Washington, DC April 6, 2016 Copyright 2016 by Barry Patrick McCarron All Rights Reserved ii THE GLOBAL IRISH AND CHINESE: MIGRATION, EXCLUSION, AND FOREIGN RELATIONS AMONG EMPIRES, 1784-1904 Barry Patrick McCarron, M.A. Thesis Advisor: Carol A. Benedict, Ph.D. ABSTRACT This dissertation is the first study to examine the Irish and Chinese interethnic and interracial dynamic in the United States and the British Empire in Australia and Canada during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Utilizing comparative and transnational perspectives and drawing on multinational and multilingual archival research including Chinese language sources, “The Global Irish and Chinese” argues that Irish immigrants were at the forefront of anti-Chinese movements in Australia, Canada, and the United States during the second half of the nineteenth century. Their rhetoric and actions gave rise to Chinese immigration restriction legislation and caused major friction in the Qing Empire’s foreign relations with the United States and the British Empire. Moreover, Irish immigrants east and west of the Rocky Mountains and on both sides of the Canada-United States border were central to the formation of a transnational white working-class alliance aimed at restricting the flow of Chinese labor into North America. Looking at the intersections of race, class, ethnicity, and gender, this project reveals a complicated history of relations between the Irish and Chinese in Australia, Canada, and the United States, which began in earnest with the mid-nineteenth century gold rushes in California, New South Wales, Victoria, and British Columbia. -
Edgar Crow Baker an Entrepreneur in Early British Columbia
EDGAR CROW BAKER AN ENTREPRENEUR IN EARLY BRITISH COLUMBIA by GEORGE WAITE STIRLING BROOKS B.A., University of Victoria, 1970 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS in THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES in the Department of Histcry We accept this thesis as conforming to the required standard THE UNIVERSITY OF-BRITISH COLUMBIA April, 1976 (E) George Waite Stirling Brooks, 19 7 6 In presenting this thesis in partial fulfilment of the requirements for an advanced degree at the University of British Columbia, I agree that the Library shall make it freely available for reference and study. I further agree that permission for extensive copying of this thesis for scholarly purposes may be granted by the Head of my Department or by his representatives. It is understood that copying or publication of this thesis for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. Department of The University of British Columbia 2075 Wesbrook Place Vancouver, Canada V6T 1W5 Date ) D ABSTRACT The subject of this thesis is the nature of entre- preneurism in British Columbia from 187"+ until about 1905. The business affairs of one Victoria entrepreneur, Edgar Crow Baker, are used to examine the character of these men, their business endeavours and the society that they lived in. The era of the entrepreneur in British Columbia began with the Fraser River gold rush in 1858. It con• tinued until about the turn of the century, when the era of the corporate entrepreneur was ushered in with the arrival of large corporations from outside the province that began to buy up the smaller local companies. -
Some Reminiscences of Old Victoria
SOME REMINISCENCES OF OLD VICTORIA BY EDGAR FAWCETT Some Reminiscences of Old Victoria CHAPTER I. THE EXPERIENCES OF A BRITISH BOY IN SAN FRANCISCO IN THE EARLY FIFTIES. I shall commence by saying that I, with my father, mother, brother and sister, arrived in San Francisco in , in the ship Victoria, from Australia, where I was born. From stress of weather we put into Honolulu to refit, and spent, I think, three weeks there, and as my mother was not in good health the change and rest on shore did her a deal of good. During our stay we became acquainted with a wealthy American sugar planter, who was married to a pretty native lady. They had no family, and she fell in love with your humble servant, who was of the mature age of two and a half years. My mother, of course, told me of this years later, how that after consulting with her husband, the planter, she seriously proposed to my mother that she give me to her for adoption as her son; that I should be well provided for in the case of her husband’s death, and in fact she made the most liberal offers if she might have me for her own. It might have been a very important epoch in my life, for if my mother had accepted, who knows but what I might have been "King of the Hawaiian Islands," as the planter’s wife was "well connected." But, to proceed, my mother did not accept this flattering offer, as naturally she would not, and so we continued on our way to San Francisco with many remembrances of my admirer’s kindness. -
The Illumination of Victoria : Late Nineteenth-Century Technology and Municipal Enterprise
The Illumination of Victoria : Late Nineteenth-Century Technology and Municipal Enterprise PATRICIA ROY In 1886, the Victoria Colonist boasted of the "perfect lighting" of the city by electricity.1 That premature statement reflected Victoria's pride in being one of the first Canadian cities to have electric street lights but it also obscured the role of past and continuing local controversy as Victoria dealt with private lighting companies, a brand new technology and a municipal street lighting system. The story of Victoria's street lights falls into three phases. After con siderable debate over monopoly privileges and maximum prices, the privately owned Victoria Gas Company began to operate in 1863. Because of its unsatisfactory service and high prices, it was never popular and did not get a street lighting contract until 1873. By 1880, the street lighting question was entering a second phase as local residents debated the relative merits of gas and the new lighting medium, electricity. Finally, in order to improve the unsatisfactory electric street lighting system installed by a private entrepreneur and to forestall a repetition of its disputes with the gas company, the city, for pragmatic rather than ideological reasons, made the electric street lights a municipal enterprise. I When the Hudson's Bay Company post of Victoria suddenly became a "full-grown town" in 1858,2 it lacked most civic amenities, including street lights. Coal oil, paraffin and camphene lamps lit homes, stores and offices; the streets were dark. Yet when the Legislative Assembly of Vancouver Island received a request to incorporate a company to supply Victoria with gas, it refused to act before the town was incorporated, an event which did not occur until 1862. -
Canada and Its Provinces; a History of the Canadian People and Their
r-Sr UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT LOS ANGELES OBDinfJUtfff) (BHition CANADA AND ITS PROVINCES IN TWENTY-TWO VOLUMES AND INDEX VOLUME XXI THE PACIFIC PROVINCE PART I ^ The Edinburgh Edition of ^Canada and its Provinces' is limited to <?75 Impressions on All-Rag Watermarked Paper This Impression is Number. )M. </l j^rfiTn^i^^^^a^^^ GEORGE VANCOUVER From the original painthig iti the National Portrait Gallery CANADA AND ITS PROVINCES A HISTORY OF THE CANADIAN PEOPLE AND THEIR INSTITUTIONS BY ONE HUNDRED ASSOCIATES GENERAL EDITORS: ADAM SHORTT AND ARTHUR G. DOUGHTY VOLUME XXI THE PACIFIC PROVINCE EDINBURGH EDITION PRINTED BY T. £5f A. CONSTABLE AT THE EDINBURGH UNIVERSITY PRESS FOR THE PUBLISHERS ASSOCIATION OF CANADA LIMITED TORONTO 1914 _• oi '> -> .-1 o • i^y _ ) .5 w. U Copyright in all countries subscribing to the Berne Convention F ]O0% CONTENTS BRITISH COLUMBIA IN THE DOMINION : INTRODUCTION. By Sir Richard M"^Bride ..... 3 THE PERIOD OF EXPLORATION. By T. G. MARQUIS I. THE SPANIARDS . .13 II. CAPTAIN JAMES COOK AT NOOTKA SOUND . .23 III. WEST COAST FUR TRADE ...... 30 IV. THE NOOTKA AFFAIR ...... 39 V. THE NORTH-WEST COMPANY IN NEW CALEDONIA . 52 VI. THE REGIME OF THE HUDSON'S BAY COMPANY. 62 COLONIAL HISTORY, 1849-1871. By R. E. Gosnell I. THE FOUNDING OF THE COLONY OF VANCOUVER ISLAND . 75 IL THE COLONY OF VANCOUVER ISLAND AND JAMES DOUGLAS . 97 III. THE FOUNDING OF THE COLONY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA . 1 25 IV. THE PACIFIC COLONIES AND CONFEDERATION . .154 POLITICAL HISTORY, 1S71-1913. By ¥. W. Howay FORMATION OF THE FIRST LEGISLATURE . -
ING \ in BRITISH COLUMBIA in the 1800S
EARLY B.C. BOOKS AN OVERVIEW OF TRADE BOOK PUBLISHING \ IN BRITISH COLUMBIA IN THE 1800s WITH CHECKLISTS AND SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY RELATED TO BRITISH COLUMBIANA by Glennis Zilm B .S .N. , University of British Columbia, 1958 B .J. , Carlton University, 1969 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS (COMMUNICATIONS) in the Department of Communications O Glennis Zilm 1981 SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY May 1981 All rights r6served. This work may not be reproduced in whole or in part, by photocopy or other means, without permission of the author. -APPROVAL Name : Glennis N. Zilm Degree : Master of Arts (communication) Title of Thesis: Early B.C. Books: An Overview of Trade Book Publishing in British Columbia in tke 1800s with Checklists and Selected Bibliography related to British Columbiana. ~xaminingcommittee: Chairperson: Thomas J; Mallinson, Professor wi1lia-n H ;;P" Professor Senior Supe Robe t S . Anderson -Asso ate Professor Department of Political Science university of Victoria External Examiner Date Approved: \y TLLU~1% 1 PARTIAL COPYRICHT LICENSE I hereby grant to Simon Fraser University the right to lend my thesis or dissertation (the title of which is shown below) to users of the Simon Fraser University Library, and to make partial or single copies only for such users or in response to a request from the library of any other university, or other educational institution, on its 'own behalf or for one of its users. I further agree that permission for multiple copying of this thesis for scholarly purposes may be granted by me or the Dean of Graduate Studies. -
Fort-Victoria-Brick-Project.Pdf
Fort Victoria Brick Project Name Biographical Note Location 1903 Class Victoria 1136 College Ach-Chey Mult 610 Acreman, John & Ethel Ethel Brakes was born in Victoria in 1896. She married John Acreman (born in Vancouver in 1892) who later 1558 (Brakes) became a Police Officer for the City of Victoria and also the Police Chief for the Municipality of Esquimalt. John Acreman died in 1931. Adams, John Thomas John Adams was born about 1876 and came to Victoria in 1887 at age 11. He found work as a foundryman and in 2221 and Emma the course of his career helped lay the first wooden water mains in Victoria and later worked at Ramsay & Adams Foundry on Garbally Road. He died in 1968. Aikman, Hugh Hugh Bowlsby Willson Aikman was called to the Bar on February 25, 1873 as the first Canadian law student to 1091 Bowlsby Willson take out his diploma in British Columbia. He later worked as a registrar general. Albhouse, Dora Dora Albhouse was born in Victoria ca. 1898. She worked as an elementary school teacher in Victoria area 1624 schools for approximately 40 years. Albhouse, Elizabeth Elizabeth Albhouse was born in Victoria ca. 1896. She worked as a civil servant for the Provincial Government for 1622 approximately 40 years. Albhouse, Jennie Jennie Albhouse was born in Victoria ca. 1894. She was a pianist and housekeeper in her life. 1623 Albhouse, Phineas Phineas Jack Albhouse was born in Victoria July 3, 1901. He worked at the C.P.R. Warehouse later in his life. 1621 Jack Albion Iron Works This foundry was established in 1861 under the management of Mr. -
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“The Present of California May Prove … the Future of British Columbia”: Local, State, and Provincial Immigration Policies Prior to the American Chinese Exclusion Act and Canadian Chinese Immigration Act Jay M. Perry* n August 2017, American presidential advisor Stephen Miller announced a proposal to reduce immigration to the United States. Under the proposal, new immigrants would receive priority under Ia system awarding points based on a variety of criteria, including but not limited to proficiency in English and high-demand skills. Miller explained the inspiration of the proposed policy, claiming, “we looked at … the Canadian system. We took things we liked. We added things that made sense for America and where we are as a country right now.”1 This was not the first time an American or Canadian government official took an immigration policy from the other and adapted it to meet new circumstances. Miller’s comments reflect a history dating to nineteenth-century debates over Chinese migration to California and British Columbia. This study emphasizes British Columbia’s and California’s efforts to curb Chinese immigration through shared, borrowed, and adapted rhetoric, policy initiatives, and lobbying efforts between 1850 and 1885. British Columbia and California shared economies and settlement patterns in the second half of the nineteenth century, including Chinese migration disproportionate to the rest of their respective countries. People and policies moved along the Pacific Coast with little regard to international borders. Many white residents of British Columbia and * The author would like to thank Dr. Rebecca Mancuso as well as the editors and anonymous reviewers of BC Studies. -
CANADA 6 Gratis Epub, Ebook
CANADA 6 GRATIS Auteur: Mark Lightbody Aantal pagina's: 970 pagina's Verschijningsdatum: none Uitgever: none EAN: 9780864424099 Taal: nl Link: Download hier The 6 most Instagram-worthy destinations in Canada And for the best photos, hop on a local tundra vehicle and take a guided walking tour. Spend the night at the highly rated Churchill Hotel and Guesthouse. The sparkling lights of Toronto's waterfront make a beautiful Instagram photo. Along the western edge of the city you have the artificial islands that house Ontario Place and Exhibition Place. And in the east, the seemingly out of place Scarborough Bluffs. For a stellar panoramic Instagram shot, take the ferry over to the Toronto Islands and take a snap of the downtown skyline. Stay on the waterfront at the contemporary Drake Hotel in Toronto. Lighthouses, rocky coves and tiny fishing boats are perfect for posing. Visiting Peggy's Cove is like stepping back in time. Colourful houses, lobster traps and tiny fishing boats decorate this rural fishing village, that has less than 40 permanent residents. What makes Peggy's Cove so popular is the still-active Peggy's Point Lighthouse that has marked the coast since An instantly recognisable national icon, this lighthouse is one of the most photographed structures in Atlantic Canada. Check into the village's highly rated Oceanstone Seaside Resort. Sweeping vistas of sun-drenched vineyards are aplenty in this region. The dreamy Okanagan Valley is a km stretch of peach and apricot orchards, calm cerulean waters, dry deserts and sun-drenched vineyards. Go for Olympic gold or rule the ice disco with our guide to the best ski resorts for kids. -
Geographies of Sexual Commerce in Victoria, British Columbia, 1862-1912*
Geographies of sexual commerce in Victoria, British Columbia, 1862-1912* Patrick A. Dunae Department of History Vancouver Island University I. In 1861, a resident of Victoria, on Vancouver Island, addressed a letter to the editor of a local newspaper on a topic that vexed some of his colonial compatriots: Prostitution. “I think you will allow that in a town containing a large predominance of men, and men who, by their mode of life…are precluded from marriage, it is almost, if not totally impossible, to prevent prostitution.”1 It was a prescient comment. The colonial capital of Vancouver Island (and afterwards the capital of the united colony of British Columbia), was an entrepôt for the Cariboo goldfields and an important seaport. The miners and sailors who sojourned in Victoria accounted for its masculine character, a character that was conducive to sexual commerce. During the early colonial period, the sex trade involved aboriginal women and non-aboriginal men. Censorious clergymen and civic reformers depicted aboriginal prostitutes as “wretched women;” the white men who consorted with them were “dissipated” and “degraded.”2 However, most commentators who were offended by the sex trade assumed that it was a temporary blight, something that would attenuate once Victoria shed its frontier image and developed into a more mature community. It was also assumed that prostitution would wither when native people embraced Christianity, when the number of white women increased, and when those women and erstwhile transient white men married, had children, and established homes and families. When those conditions were met, the moral tone of Victoria would *The original title of this paper, when it was proposed for the CHA conference, was “Locating sites of sexual commerce: geography of the sex trade in a Victorian city.” 1 British Colonist (23 December 1861), p. -
Piece of Advice. “Wild-Cat Sewing Silks Holding Our
= VOL. 23. VICTORIA, B. C. SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 29. 1896. No. 1 ericaii indignation at the time of tbe Curling Iron Heaters CM njUDC civil war at the idea of a foreign na ... We have Juat received the nicest Vj\/l j\J J tion according belligerent right* to the assortment nf th»n« 1 I^ Ilk | shown here. “'Also6”6 fufl rebels.” The St. James Gazette says: “The SMITH IS Curling Irons. jingo eggs which the President thought Piece of Advice. John Cochrane, proper to hatch in a highly artificial in Prescription Druggist, N. W. cor. cubator in December, have produced a Yates and Douglas streets. FOR CUBA When you wish to make a present look brood which will give him and the THE MAN ntatestneii of the United States a great at our make of Solid Chain Bracelets. NEW ADVERTISEMENTS. deal of trouble as it grows to maturity.” Madrid. Feb. 2i\—Tlie Impsrciul, re FOR SALE—Small black ranrè, 6 years old; More Bataillons from Spain to Oper They cost the same as the ordinary hollow faring to the action of the United new blanket, harness, whip robe ami ate Against the Insurgents Thu fry To-Day With the Incon links and are much better and heavier. new road cart; neat and cheap. Also States senate in regard to Cuba, says stant Tories —The, Will Have new saddle and bridle. Apply it. Bray. In Matanzas. ♦hat the international situation i* very Johnson street. feffiHf We make them in all sizes. grave, adding that the recognition «if Another To-Moriow.