DOCSLIB.ORG

The Politicisation of Election Litigation in Nigeria's Fourth

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

THE POLITICISATION OF ELECTION LITIGATION IN NIGERIA’S FOURTH REPUBLIC BY EBENEZER OLUWOLE ONI (216072032) SUPERVISOR PROF. KHONDLO MTSHALI A thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the Award of Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Political Science, School of Social Sciences, College of Humanities, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa. DECLARATION I, EBENEZER OLUWOLE ONI declare that: 1. The research reported in this thesis, except where otherwise indicated, is my original research. 2. This thesis has not been submitted for any degree or examination at any other university. 3. This thesis does not contain other persons‘ data, pictures, graphs or other information, unless specifically acknowledged as being sourced from other persons. 4. This thesis does not contain other persons' writing, unless specifically acknowledged as being sourced from other researchers. Where other written sources have been quoted, then: a. Their words have been re-written but the general information attributed to them has been referenced b. Where their exact words have been used, then their writing has been placed in italics and inside quotation marks, and referenced. 5. This thesis does not contain text, graphics or tables copied and pasted from the Internet, unless specifically acknowledged, and the source being detailed in the thesis and in the References sections. Signed: Date: 25 August 2020 ii DEDICATION To the Glory of the Almighty God; The memory of my late father, Hon. Joseph Bamidele Oni; And the support of my adorable wife, Elizabeth Oluwaseyi and children, Caleb Aduragbemi and Treasure Adurasetemi iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS A doctoral thesis is a culmination of a long period of training in research and writing and achieving this may not have been possible without the assistance of the giver of wisdom and knowledge. I appreciate the Almighty God, my Saviour, Redeemer, the Alpha and the Omega for the grace He has bestowed upon me to complete my doctoral programme even in the face of daunting challenges. He has made me prevail over every academic obstacle from undergraduate to this level. Daddy, to you alone I give all praises, honour, glory and adoration. May your name be forever praised and glorified in my life. God equally used some people who facilitated this journey at different stages of the programme. I thank Dr Bukola Adesina of the University of Ibadan for inspiring me to study at the University of KwaZulu-Natal having also obtained her doctorate from the same university. I also appreciate the assistance of my colleagues Dr Tella Oluwaseun and Dr Shola Ogunnubi during my admission process. My supervisor, Prof. Khondlo Mtshali, deserves lots of commendations as a worthy and inspiring academic mentor. His patience, encouragement and abiding faith in me kept the dissertation going even when it seemed there was no headway. His incisive contributions provided me with the necessary insights that build up this thesis. I sincerely appreciate you Prof. My gratitude goes to the Postgraduate Administrator, School of Social Science, Mrs. Nancy Mudau for her kind assistance in sorting registration issues. I would like to acknowledge the support and encouragement of Hon. Joseph Laoye Shopade and Dr Chris Ojukwu. I indeed value your love and care. My debt of gratitude goes to my outstanding colleagues at the University of KwaZulu-Natal, Muyiwa Faluyi and Dr Samuel Okunade for lending their supports at different stages in the course of my study. I want to place on record the financial assistance I received from the Social Science Research Council and the Carnegie Foundation having been named a recipient of the Next Generation Social Sciences in Africa Doctoral Proposal Development and Research Fellowship in Peace, Security and Development in 2014 and 2015 respectively. The funds proved timely and useful in completing my doctoral studies. I appreciate the cooperation and contributions of the people I interviewed in the course of my fieldwork both in knowledge and material support. Mr. Bayo Alabi of the Nigerian Institute of Social and Economic Research (NISER) Ibadan, Nigeria deserves commendation for his editorial assistance. iv I appreciate the support, love and care of my adorable wife, Elizabeth Oluwaseyi, and children, Caleb Aduragbemi and Treasure Adurasetemi. God blesses me with these rare gifts because their prayers and ceaseless words of encouragement provided the impetus and strength to forge ahead despite many challenges. They kept the home front in my many absences. May God bless and keep you all for me. To many others who have contributed to the success of my doctoral studies that I could not mention here, I am very grateful. v LIST OF TABLES Table 3.1: Research Questions Matrix 69 Table 4.1: The Federal Election Results of 1959 in Nigeria 74 Table 4.2: Notable Election Petition Cases and Verdicts in Nigeria‘s Second Republic 88 Table 4.3: 2013 Kenyan Presidential Election Results 96 Table 4.4: 2017 Presidential Election Results in Kenya 99 Table 5.1: Forms of Electoral Malpractices in the 2007 General Elections in Nigeria 116 Table 5.2: A Description of Election Petitions filed after General Elections in Nigeria‘s Fourth Republic 128 vi ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ABN: Association for a Better Nigeria AC: Action Congress CAN: Action Congress of Nigeria AD: Alliance for Democracy AG: Action Group ANPP: All Nigerian Peoples Party APC: All Progressives Congress APGA: All Progressives Grand Alliance CDC: Constitution Drafting Committee CDCC: Constitutional Debate Coordinating Committee CPC: Congress for Progressive Change DDC: Direct Data Capture EFCC: Economic and Financial Crimes Commission EMB: Election Management body EU: European Union EUEOM: European Union Election Observation Mission FEDECO: Federal Electoral Commission FGN: Federal Government of Nigeria GNPP: Great Nigeria People‘s Party ICJ: International Commission of Jurist IEBC: Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission IFES: International Federation of Electoral Studies INEC: Independent National Electoral Commission IRI: International Republican Institute LP: Labour Party NBA: Nigerian Bar Association NCNC: National Council of Nigerian Citizens NEC: National Electoral Commission NEPU: Northern Elements Progressive Union vii NNDP: Nigerian National Democratic Party NPC: Northern People‘s Congress NPN: National Party of Nigeria NPP: Nigeria‘s People‘s Party NRC: National Republican Convention PDP: People‘s Democratic Party PNU: Party of National Unity PRP: Peoples‘ Redemption Party SAN: Senior Advocate of Nigeria SDP: Social Democratic Party SSS State Security Services TMG: Transition Monitoring Group UMBC: United Middle Belt Congress UNDP: United Nations Development Programme UPGA: United Progressive Grand Alliance UPN: Unity Party of Nigeria UPP: United People‘s Party viii APPENDICES Appendix I: Informed Consent Form 247 Appendix II: Research Instrument/Interview Schedule 250 Appendix III: Ethical Clearance Certificate 252 Appendix IV: Relevant Electoral Laws in the 2002 Electoral Act 253 ix ABSTRACT Since the early 1990s, the third wave of democratisation has permeated the polity of almost all the African states as authoritarian regimes are replaced with democratic governments through the ballot process. Therefore, in line with the prevailing realities across Africa as well as in other formerly autocratic and closed systems in Asia and Latin America, participatory government was re-introduced in Nigeria in 1999. The use of regular and periodic election as a means of regime change became apparent. However, the conduct of general elections in Nigeria since 1999 has been marred with myriad of controversies thus triggering electoral disputes. This shifts the burden of ensuring free and fair elections and by extension sustaining democracy on the judiciary. This duty, the judiciary performs in the manner it handles and adjudicates over disputes arising from electoral contests. Recent developments in Nigeria have shown that electoral fraud has transcended the casting of votes and has permeated the judicial arm of government. The judiciary is not immune from manipulations by political elite in order to secure electoral victory through the courts when electoral contests shift from the polling booths to the ‗temple of justice‘. It is therefore in the light of this development that this study examines the politicisation of election litigation in Nigeria‘s Fourth Republic using the 2007 general elections and the ensuing gubernatorial election litigation cases in Ekiti, Ondo and Osun states of Nigeria as case studies. The study fills the gap in litereature which focuses research attention on electoral fraud around issues relating to voting. The theoretical framework for this study was eclectic combining three theories namely elite, state fragility and separation of power theories. For the purpose of this study, qualitative research methodology using case-study design was adopted. The 2007 general election was selected for study using Ekiti, Ondo and Osun states as case studies using the non-probabilistic sampling technique. Purposive sampling method was employed in the selection of research sites and participants. Instrument for data collection was through the use of In-depth Interview (IDI) complemented by data from documented sources. Data from interviews conducted were transcribed and interpreted using thematic content analysis. Data from both primary and secondary sources were systematically, objectively and descriptively analyzed making valid
Recommended publications
  • Political Parties and Threats of Democratic Reversal in Nigeria

    Political Parties and Threats of Democratic Reversal in Nigeria

    VOLUME 6 NO 2 95 BUILDING DEMOCRACY WITHOUT DEMOCRATS? Political Parties and Threats of Democratic Reversal in Nigeria Said Adejumobi & Michael Kehinde Dr Said Adejumobi is Chief, Public Administration Section, and Coordinator, Africa Governance Report, United Nations Economic Commission for Africa Governance and Public Administration Division, UNECA, PO Box 3005, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Tel: +251 912200066 e-mail: [email protected] Michael Kehinde is a lecturer in the Department of Political Science, Lagos State University PM B 1087, Apapa, Lagos, Nigeria Tel: +234 802 5408439 ABSTRACT Political parties are not only a major agency for the recruitment and enthronement of political leaders in an electoral democracy they are the foundation and a building block of the process of democratic evolution and consolidation. However, the nature and character of the dominant political parties in Nigeria threaten the country’s nascent democratic project. They lack clear ideological orientation, do not articulate alternative worldviews, rarely mobilise the citizenry, and basically adopt anti-democratic methods to confront and resolve democratic issues. Intra- and inter-party electoral competition is fraught with intense violence, acrimony and warfare. Put differently, these parties display all the tendencies and conduct of authoritarianism. The result is that what exists in Nigeria is ‘democratism’, the form and not the substance of an evolving democracy. INTRODUCTION The mass conversion of politicians and political thinkers to the cause of democracy has been one of the most dramatic, and significant, events in 95 96 JOURNAL OF AFRICAN ELECTIONS political history. Even in Ancient Greece, often thought of as the democratic ideal, democracy tended to be viewed in negative terms.
  • Legislative Control of the Executive in Nigeria Under the Second Republic

    Legislative Control of the Executive in Nigeria Under the Second Republic

    04, 03 01 AWO 593~ By AWOTOKUN, ADEKUNLE MESHACK B.A. (HONS) (ABU) M.Sc. (!BADAN) Thesis submitted to the Department of Public Administration Faculty of Administration in Partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of --~~·---------.---·-.......... , Progrnmme c:~ Petites Subventions ARRIVEE - · Enregistré sous lo no l ~ 1 ()ate :. Il fi&~t. JWi~ DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY (PUBLIC ADMIJISTRATION) Obafemi Awolowo University, CE\/ 1993 1le-Ife, Nigeria. 2 3 r • CODESRIA-LIBRARY 1991. CERTIFICATION 1 hereby certify that this thesis was prepared by AWOTOKUN, ADEKUNLE MESHACK under my supervision. __ _I }J /J1,, --- Date CODESRIA-LIBRARY ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS A work such as this could not have been completed without the support of numerous individuals and institutions. 1 therefore wish to place on record my indebtedness to them. First, 1 owe Professer Ladipo Adamolekun a debt of gratitude, as the persan who encouraged me to work on Legislative contrai of the Executive. He agreed to supervise the preparation of the thesis and he did until he retired from the University. Professor Adamolekun's wealth of academic experience ·has no doubt sharpened my outlciok and served as a source of inspiration to me. 1 am also very grateful to Professor Dele Olowu (the Acting Head of Department) under whose intellectual guidance I developed part of the proposai which culminated ·in the final production qf .this work. My pupilage under him i though short was memorable and inspiring. He has also gone through the entire draft and his comments and criticisms, no doubt have improved the quality of the thesis. Perhaps more than anyone else, the Almighty God has used my indefatigable superviser Dr.
  • PROVISIONAL LIST.Pdf

    PROVISIONAL LIST.Pdf

    S/N NAME YEAR OF CALL BRANCH PHONE NO EMAIL 1 JONATHAN FELIX ABA 2 SYLVESTER C. IFEAKOR ABA 3 NSIKAK UTANG IJIOMA ABA 4 ORAKWE OBIANUJU IFEYINWA ABA 5 OGUNJI CHIDOZIE KINGSLEY ABA 6 UCHENNA V. OBODOCHUKWU ABA 7 KEVIN CHUKWUDI NWUFO, SAN ABA 8 NWOGU IFIONU TAGBO ABA 9 ANIAWONWA NJIDEKA LINDA ABA 10 UKOH NDUDIM ISAAC ABA 11 EKENE RICHIE IREMEKA ABA 12 HIPPOLITUS U. UDENSI ABA 13 ABIGAIL C. AGBAI ABA 14 UKPAI OKORIE UKAIRO ABA 15 ONYINYECHI GIFT OGBODO ABA 16 EZINMA UKPAI UKAIRO ABA 17 GRACE UZOME UKEJE ABA 18 AJUGA JOHN ONWUKWE ABA 19 ONUCHUKWU CHARLES NSOBUNDU ABA 20 IREM ENYINNAYA OKERE ABA 21 ONYEKACHI OKWUOSA MUKOSOLU ABA 22 CHINYERE C. UMEOJIAKA ABA 23 OBIORA AKINWUMI OBIANWU, SAN ABA 24 NWAUGO VICTOR CHIMA ABA 25 NWABUIKWU K. MGBEMENA ABA 26 KANU FRANCIS ONYEBUCHI ABA 27 MARK ISRAEL CHIJIOKE ABA 28 EMEKA E. AGWULONU ABA 29 TREASURE E. N. UDO ABA 30 JULIET N. UDECHUKWU ABA 31 AWA CHUKWU IKECHUKWU ABA 32 CHIMUANYA V. OKWANDU ABA 33 CHIBUEZE OWUALAH ABA 34 AMANZE LINUS ALOMA ABA 35 CHINONSO ONONUJU ABA 36 MABEL OGONNAYA EZE ABA 37 BOB CHIEDOZIE OGU ABA 38 DANDY CHIMAOBI NWOKONNA ABA 39 JOHN IFEANYICHUKWU KALU ABA 40 UGOCHUKWU UKIWE ABA 41 FELIX EGBULE AGBARIRI, SAN ABA 42 OMENIHU CHINWEUBA ABA 43 IGNATIUS O. NWOKO ABA 44 ICHIE MATTHEW EKEOMA ABA 45 ICHIE CORDELIA CHINWENDU ABA 46 NNAMDI G. NWABEKE ABA 47 NNAOCHIE ADAOBI ANANSO ABA 48 OGOJIAKU RUFUS UMUNNA ABA 49 EPHRAIM CHINEDU DURU ABA 50 UGONWANYI S. AHAIWE ABA 51 EMMANUEL E.
  • HOUSE of REPRESENTATIVES FEDERAL REPUBLIC of NIGERIA VOTES and PROCEEDINGS Thursday, 7 November, 2013

    HOUSE of REPRESENTATIVES FEDERAL REPUBLIC of NIGERIA VOTES and PROCEEDINGS Thursday, 7 November, 2013

    FOURTH REpUBLIC 7TH NATIONAL ASSEMBLY THIRD SESSION :\'0. 31 675 HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF NIGERIA VOTES AND PROCEEDINGS Thursday, 7 November, 2013 1. The House met at 11.39 a.m. Mr Speaker read the Prayers. 2. Votes and Proceedings:' Mr Speaker announced that he had examined and approved the Votes and Proceedings of Wednesday, 6 November, 2013. By unanimous consent, the Votes and Proceedings was adopted. 3. Announcement: (l) Visitors in the Gallery: Mr Speaker recognized the presence of the following visitors: (a) Staff and Students of St Michael's Anglican Diocesan College, Kaduna, Kaduna State; (b) Staff and Students of Queen Science Academy, Kano; (c) Members of Youth Parliament, Kano State Chapter, Kano. (il) Budget Implementation Reports: Mr Speaker read a Communication from Chairman, Committee on Legislative Compliance, disclosing that the following Standing Committees are yet to submit their oversight reports on the implementation of the 2013 Appropriations Act as it affects their respective Ministries, Departments and Agencies: (1) Anti-Corruption, National Ethics and Values (2) Army (3) Aviation (4) Banking and Currency (5) Capital Market and Institution (6) Civil Society and Donor Agencies (7) Commerce (8) Communications and lCT (9) Cooperation and integration in Africa (10) Defence (11) Diaspora (12) Education (13) Electoral Matters (14) Emergency and Disaster Preparedness (15) Environment (16) Federal Character (17) F. C. T. Area Council (18) Finance PRINTED BY NA T10NAL ASSEMBL Y PRESS, ABUJA 676 Thursday,
  • Journal of African Elections

    Journal of African Elections

    VOLUME 7 NO 2 i Journal of African Elections ARTICLES BY Francesca Marzatico Roukaya Kasenally Eva Palmans R D Russon Emmanuel O Ojo David U Enweremadu Christopher Isike Sakiemi Idoniboye-Obu Dhikru AdewaleYagboyaju J Shola Omotola Volume 10 Number 1 June 2011 i ii JOUR na L OF AFRIC an ELECTIO N S Published by EISA 14 Park Road, Richmond Johannesburg South Africa P O Box 740 Auckland Park 2006 South Africa Tel: +27 (0) 11 381 6000 Fax: +27 (0) 11 482 6163 e-mail: [email protected] ©EISA 2011 ISSN: 1609-4700 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the written permission of the publisher Copy editor: Pat Tucker Printed by: Global Print, Johannesburg Cover photograph: Reproduced with the permission of the HAMILL GALLERY OF AFRICAN ART, BOSTON, MA, USA www.eisa.org.za VOLUME 7 NO 2 iii Editor Denis Kadima, EISA, Johannesburg Editorial BOARD Jørgen Elklit, Department of Political Science, University of Aarhus, Denmark Amanda Gouws, Department of Political Science, University of Stellenbosch Abdul Rahman Lamin, UNESCO, Accra Tom Lodge, Department of Politics and Public Administration, University of Limerick Khabele Matlosa, UNDP/ECA Joint Governance Initiatives, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Lloyd Sachikonye, Institute of Development Studies, University of Zimbabwe, Harare Gloria Somolekae, National Representative of the W K Kellogg Programme in Botswana and EISA Board member Roger Southall, Department of Sociology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg The Journal of African Elections is an interdisciplinary biannual publication of research and writing in the human sciences, which seeks to promote a scholarly understanding of developments and change in Africa.
  • S/N COMPANY NAME ADDRESS LICENSE NUMBER 1 CVS Contracting International Ltd Suite 16B, Sabondale Shopping Complex, Jabi, Abuja CL/S&I/001/07

    S/N COMPANY NAME ADDRESS LICENSE NUMBER 1 CVS Contracting International Ltd Suite 16B, Sabondale Shopping Complex, Jabi, Abuja CL/S&I/001/07

    CLASS LICENCE REGISTER SALES AND INSTALLATIONS CATEGORY S/N COMPANY NAME ADDRESS LICENSE NUMBER 1 CVS Contracting International Ltd Suite 16B, Sabondale Shopping Complex, Jabi, Abuja CL/S&I/001/07 2 Telesciences Nig Ltd 123, Olojo Drive, Ojo Town, Lagos CL/S&I/002/07 3 Three One Three Communications Ltd No1, Isah Road, Badarawa, Kaduna CL/S&I/003/07 4 Latshak Global Concept Ltd No7, Abolakale Arikawe, ajah Lagos CL/S&I/004/07 5 Austin Willy Investment Ltd No 10, Willisco Street, Iju Ishaga Lagos CL/S&I/005/07 6 Geoinformatics Nig Ltd 65, Erhumwunse Street, Uzebu Qtrs, Benin City, Edo State CL/S&I/006/07 7 Dwellins Intl Ltd 21, Boyle Street, Onikan Lagos CL/S&I/007/07 8 Race Telecommunications Intl Ltd 19, Adebola Street, Surulere, Lagos CL/S&I/008/07 9 Clarfel Global Services Ltd Suite A45, Shakir Plaza, 3, Michika Strt, Off Ahmadu Bello Way, Area 11, Garki Abuja CL/S&I/009/07 10 MLD Temmy Concept Ltd FF1, Abeoukuta Street, Bida Road, Kaduna CL/S&I/010/07 11 King Chris Success Links Ltd No, 230, Association Shop, Old Epe Garage, Ijebu Ode, Ogun State CL/S&I/011/07 12 Diamond Sundries Ltd 54/56, Adeniji Street, Off Unity Street, Alakuko Lagos CL/S&I/012/07 13 Olucliff Nig Ltd Suite A33, Shakir Plaza, Michika Strt, Plot 1029, Area 11, Garki Abuja CL/S&I/013/07 14 Mecof Resources Ltd No 94, Minna Road, Suleja Niger State CL/S&I/014/07 15 Hypersand Communication Concept & Plot 29A, Democracy Crescent, Gaduwa Estate, Durumi 111, abuja CL/S&I/015/07 Solution Ltd 16 Patittas Nig Ltd Suite 17, Essence Plaza, Wuse Zone 6, Abuja CL/S&I/016/07 1 17 T.J.
  • Ondo State Pocket Factfinder

    Ondo State Pocket Factfinder

    INTRODUCTION Ondo is one of the six states that make up the South West geopolitical zone of Nigeria. It has interstate boundaries with Ekiti and Kogi states to the north, Edo State to the east, Delta State to the southeast, Osun State to the northwest and Ogun State to the southwest. The Gulf of Guinea lies to its south and its capital is Akure. ONDO: THE FACTS AND FIGURES Dubbed as the Sunshine State, Ondo, which was created on February 3, 1976, has a population of 3,441,024 persons (2006 census) distributed across 18 local councils within a land area of 14,788.723 Square Kilometres. Located in the South-West geo-political zone of Nigeria, Ondo State is bounded in the North by Ekiti/Kogi states; in the East by Edo State; in the West by Oyo and Ogun states, and in the South by the Atlantic Ocean. Ondo State is a multi-ethnic state with the majority being Yoruba while there are also the Ikale, Ilaje, Arogbo and Akpoi, who are of Ijaw extraction and inhabit the riverine areas of the state. The state plays host to 880 public primary schools, and 190 public secondary schools and a number of tertiary institutions including the Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State Polytechnic, Owo, Federal College of Agriculture, Akure and Adeyemi College of Education, Ondo. Arguably, Ondo is one of the most resource-endowed states of Nigeria. It is agriculturally rich with agriculture contributing about 75 per cent of its Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The main revenue yielding crops are cocoa, palm produce and timber.
  • Title Page Political Economy of Corruption And

    Title Page Political Economy of Corruption And

    i TITLE PAGE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF CORRUPTION AND REGULATORY AGENCIES IN NIGERIA: A FOCUS ON THE ECONOMIC AND FINANCIAL CRIME COMMISSION (EFCC), 2000-2010 ii APPROVAL PAGE This is to certify that this research work has met the requirements of the Department of Political of Science, for the Award of a Masters of Science (M.Sc.) Degree in Political Science of the University of Nigeria, Nsukka, and is approved. BY -------------------------- -------------------------- Prof. Jonah I. Onuoha Date (Project Supervisor) ------------------------- ------------------------- Prof. Obasi Igwe Date Head of Department -------------------------- --------------------------- Prof. Emmanuel O. Ezeani Date Dean of Faculty External Supervisor --------------------------- Date iii DEDICATION To the Well Being and Good Health of my Parents, Mr. and Mrs. Nkemegbunam Anselem Uzendu. iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENT To the Glory of God. I am immensely grateful to my supervisor, Prof. Jonah I. Onuoha whose effort ensured the success of this work. Prof, your cordial relationship with your supervisees and the students at large, speaks much of your professionalism and kind spirit, I cannot thank you enough. To my parents, Mr. and Mrs. Nkemegbunam Anselem Uzendu, my siblings (Henry Chukwujike, Colombus Udochukwu, David Ifeanyi, Rosemary Ifunanya and Augustine Chimobi), my uncles and aunt, (Boniface Uzendu, Okezie Uzendu and Marcy Ndu, nee Uzendu and their respective families) etc, I appreciate all of you for seeing me through to the end of the turnel, as the light shines upon me now. To my room-mates, friends and well-wishers: Ukanwa Oghajie E., Ogbu Ejike C., Adibe Raymond C., Eze Ojukwu Onoh, Okoye Kingsley E., Anya Okoro Ukpai, Ukeka Chinedu D., Dickson Agwuabia, Chris Onyekachi Omenihu, Sampson Eziekeh, Ogochukwu Nnaekee and host of others whose influences have helped to shape my life to better.
  • Research Title

    Research Title

    THE ROLE OF FEDERALISM IN MITIGATING ETHNIC CONFLICTS IN PLURAL SOCIETIES: NIGERIA AND MALAYSIA IN COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE CHUKWUNENYE CLIFFORD NJOKU DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND STRATEGIC STUDIES FACULTY OF ARTS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES UNIVERSITY OF MALAYA KUALA LUMPUR 2015 THE ROLE OF FEDERALISM IN MITIGATING ETHNIC CONFLICTS IN PLURAL SOCIETIES: NIGERIA AND MALAYSIA IN COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE CHUKWUNENYE CLIFFORD NJOKU AHA080051 THESIS SUBMITTED IN FULFULMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND STRATEGIC STUDIES FACULTY OF ARTS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES UNIVERSITY OF MALAYA KUALA LUMPUR 2015 UNIVERSITY OF MALAYA ORIGINIAL LITERARY WORD DECLARATION Name of Candidate: Chukwunenye Clifford Njoku (I/C/Passport No. A06333058) Registration/Matric No: AHA080051 Name of Degree: Doctor of Philosophy Title of Project Paper/Research Report/Dissertation/Thesis (“this Work”): The Role of Federalism in Mitigating Ethnic Conflicts in Plural Societies: Nigeria and Malaysia in Comparative Perspective Field of Study: International Relations I do solemnly and sincerely declare that: (1) I am the sole author/writer of this Work; (2) This Work is original; (3) Any use of work in which copyright exists was done by way of fair dealing and for permitted purposes and any except or extract from, or reference to or reproduction of any copyright work has been disclosed expressly and sufficiently and the title of the work and its authorship have been acknowledged in this
  • Nigeria's Struggle with Corruption Hearing

    Nigeria's Struggle with Corruption Hearing

    NIGERIA’S STRUGGLE WITH CORRUPTION HEARING BEFORE THE SUBCOMMITTEE ON AFRICA, GLOBAL HUMAN RIGHTS AND INTERNATIONAL OPERATIONS OF THE COMMITTEE ON INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ONE HUNDRED NINTH CONGRESS SECOND SESSION MAY 18, 2006 Serial No. 109–172 Printed for the use of the Committee on International Relations ( Available via the World Wide Web: http://www.house.gov/international—relations U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 27–648PDF WASHINGTON : 2006 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512–1800; DC area (202) 512–1800 Fax: (202) 512–2250 Mail: Stop SSOP, Washington, DC 20402–0001 VerDate Mar 21 2002 12:05 Jul 17, 2006 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 5011 Sfmt 5011 F:\WORK\AGI\051806\27648.000 HINTREL1 PsN: SHIRL COMMITTEE ON INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS HENRY J. HYDE, Illinois, Chairman JAMES A. LEACH, Iowa TOM LANTOS, California CHRISTOPHER H. SMITH, New Jersey, HOWARD L. BERMAN, California Vice Chairman GARY L. ACKERMAN, New York DAN BURTON, Indiana ENI F.H. FALEOMAVAEGA, American ELTON GALLEGLY, California Samoa ILEANA ROS-LEHTINEN, Florida DONALD M. PAYNE, New Jersey DANA ROHRABACHER, California SHERROD BROWN, Ohio EDWARD R. ROYCE, California BRAD SHERMAN, California PETER T. KING, New York ROBERT WEXLER, Florida STEVE CHABOT, Ohio ELIOT L. ENGEL, New York THOMAS G. TANCREDO, Colorado WILLIAM D. DELAHUNT, Massachusetts RON PAUL, Texas GREGORY W. MEEKS, New York DARRELL ISSA, California BARBARA LEE, California JEFF FLAKE, Arizona JOSEPH CROWLEY, New York JO ANN DAVIS, Virginia EARL BLUMENAUER, Oregon MARK GREEN, Wisconsin SHELLEY BERKLEY, Nevada JERRY WELLER, Illinois GRACE F.
  • Bulletin Produced at St

    Bulletin Produced at St

    as ASSOCIATION OF CONCERNED AFRICA SCHOLARS BULLETin Produced at St. Augustine's College, Raleigh, NC 27610-2298 Summer 1991 Number 33 SAHARAN AFRICA THE IMPACT OF THE GULF WAR ON SAHARAN AFRICA, Allan Cooper 1 TUNISIA, Mark Tessler 7 WESTERN SAHARA, Teresa K. Smith de Cherif 9 NIGERIA, George Klay Kieh, Jr. 12 NIGERIA, Emmanuel Oritsejafor 16 DEMOC~CY MOVEMENTS IN AFRICA 19 ANGOLA BENIN CAMEROONS CAPE VERDE COTE D'IVOIRE ETillOPIA GABON GUINEA KENYA MALI SAO TOME AND PRINCIPE SOUTH AFRICA TANZANIA TOGO ZAIRE ZAMBIA ANNOUNCEMENTS 22 AFRICA'S LARGEST COMPANIES 25 ACAS NOMINATIONS FOR ACAS BOARD 26 Editor's Note THE IMPACT OF THE GULF WAR ON SAHARAN AFRICA This issue of the ACAS Bulletin focuses on Saharan Africa, in particular on the consequences and implications to Arab Africa of the U.S.-led assault upon Iraq in January 1991. Although nearly all African states offered some response to the tragic devastation of human and ecological resources in the Persian Gulf, clearly Saharan Africa has been affected more directly from the political and social disruptions brought on by the war. Much already has been written by scholars and the public media concerning the effects of the Gulf War on states such as Egypt and Libya. As a result, the focus of this Bulletin will be on some Saharan countries that have been touched by the war but that are more geographically separated from the Persian Gulf. First, it is important that we provide a summary perspective on a few aftershocks from the war that already are evident in Africa.
  • Public Disclosure Authorized

    Public Disclosure Authorized

    INTERNATIONAL BANK FOR RECONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION THE INSPECTION PANEL 1818 H Street, N.W. Telephone: (202) 458-5200 Washington, D.C. 20433 Fax: (202) 522-0916 Email: [email protected] Eimi Watanabe Chairperson Public Disclosure Authorized JPN REQUEST RQ13/09 July 16, 2014 MEMORANDUM TO THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS OF THE INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION Request for Inspection Public Disclosure Authorized NIGERIA: Lagos Metropolitan Development and Governance Project (P071340) Notice of Non Registration and Panel's Observations of the First Pilot to Support Early Solutions Please find attached a copy of the Memorandum from the Chairperson of the Inspection Panel entitled "Request for Inspection - Nigeria: Lagos Metropolitan Development and Governance Project (P071340) - Notice of Non Registration and Panel's Observations of the First Pilot to Support Early Solutions", dated July 16, 2014 and its attachments. This Memorandum was also distributed to the President of the International Development Association. Public Disclosure Authorized Attachment cc.: The President Public Disclosure Authorized International Development Association INTERNATIONAL BANK FOR RECONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION THE INSPECTION PANEL 1818 H Street, N.W. Telephone: (202) 458-5200 Washington, D.C. 20433 Fax : (202) 522-0916 Email: [email protected] Eimi Watanabe Chairperson IPN REQUEST RQ13/09 July 16, 2014 MEMORANDUM TO THE PRESIDENT OF THE INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION Request for Inspection NIGERIA: Lagos Metropolitan Development and Governance Project (P071340) Notice of Non Registration and Panel's Observations of the First Pilot to Support Early Solutions Please find attached a copy of the Memorandum from the Chairperson of the Inspection Panel entitled "Request for Inspection - Nigeria: Lagos Metropolitan Development and Governance Project (P07 J340) - Notice of Non Registration and Panel's Observations of the First Pilot to Support Early Solutions" dated July 16, 2014 and its attachments.