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Draft Final Report Icam Cameroon May 2011

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Draft Final Report Icam Cameroon May 2011 REPUBLIC OF CAMEROON MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND NATURE PROTECTION (MINEP) FFINALINAL DRAFT REPORT MAIN TEXT THE IMPLEMENTATION OF INTEGRATED COASTAL MANAGEMENT ((ICM)ICM) FOR THE KRIBIKRIBI---- CAMPO AREA IN CAMEROON Presented by: Environment and Resource Protection Cameroon May 2011 Draft final Report Project GP/RAF/04 on the implementation of the ICZM for the Kribi-Campo Area in Cameroon Page 1 TABLE OF CONTENT LIST OF ACRONYMS ………………………………………………. 8 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY …………………………………………… 11 CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION …………………………………….. 14 1.1 INTEGRATED COASTAL AREA MANAGEMENT APPROACH ……………………… 14 1.2 CONTEXT OF INTEGRATED COASTAL AREA MANAGEMENT WITHIN THE KRIBI CAMPO AREA ………………………………………………………………………………… 16 1.3 OBJECTIVE …………………………………………………………………………… 17 1.4 TASKS TO BE PERFORMED BY ENVI- REP CAMEROON ……………………………… 17 CHAPTER II: INSTITUTIONAL AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK RELATED TO THE KRIBI CAMPO COASTAL ZONE SUSTAINABLE 19 DEVELOPMENT2.1 BACKGROUND AND C ONTEXT KRIBI………………………………………………………….. CAMPO COAST AL ZONE 19 2.2 INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR SUSTAINABLE COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT IN CAMEROON …………………………………………………………………………... 24 2.2.1 Key Institutional tools …………………………………………………………………. 24 2.2.2 Ocean Division Development Authority (MEAO)…………………………………….. 27 2.2.3 Other Local Institutions and bodies involved in coastal zone management………….... 28 2.2.4 Institutional arrangement for successful implementation of the integrated management for the Kribi Campo Coastal Area in Cameroon………………………... 29 2.2.5 Establishment of a Project Steering Committee (PSC)………………………………… 31 2.2.6 Role and responsibility of each stakeholder …………………………………………... 33 2.3 REGULATORY FRAMEWORK …………………………………………………….. 33 2.3.1 General regulatory framework for the sustainable coastal development ……………… 33 CHAPTER III: NATURAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE KRIBI CAMPO COASTAL ZONE ……………………………………………………………………………… 40 3.1 DEFINITION OF THE COASTAL ZONE BOUNDARIES …………………………………….... 40 3.2 DELIMITATION OF THE PROJECT AREA …………………………………………………. 40 3.3 CLIMATE , HYDROLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHIC CONDITIONS WITHIN THE KRIBI CAMPO AREA …………………………………………………………………………… 40 3.4 COASTAL HABITATS BIODIVERSITY AND THREATENED SPECIES ………………….. 43 3.4.1 Coastal habitats ………………………………………………………………………... 43 3.4.2 Vulnerable species……………………………………………………………………... 45 3.4.3 Archaeological sites……………………………………………………………………. 47 3.4.4 Fragile ecosystems which need protection……………………………………………... 47 Draft final Report Project GP/RAF/04 on the implementation of the ICZM for the Kribi-Campo Area in Cameroon Page 2 3.5 SOCIO – ECONOMIC SETTING ………………………………………………………….... 47 3.5.1 Introduction……………………………………………………………………………. 47 3.5.2 Socio – Economic Activities…………………………………………………………… 48 CHAPTER IV : DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF KEY ISS UES WITHIN THE KRIBI CAMPO COASTAL AREA …………….............................. 57 4.1 KEY CONFLICTS ANALYSIS WITHIN THE KRIBI CAMPO COASTAL ZONE ………........ 56 4.2 ANALYSIS OF SECTORAL ISSUES ………………………………………………………... 59 4.2.1 Degradation of Coastal Habitats/Coastal Erosion……………………………………… 59 4.2.2 Over exploitation of fisheries resources ……………………………………………….. 59 4.2.3 Over exploitation of wildlife resources ………………………………………………... 59 4.2.4 Over exploitation of timber forest products …………………………………………… 60 4.2.5 Inadequate land used and planning ……………………………………………………. 60 4.2.6 Poor organization of a growing tourism sector………………………………………… 61 4.2.7 Pollutions………………………………………………………………………………. 61 4.3 ANALYSIS OF TRANSECTORAL ISSUES ……………………………………………….. 64 4.3.1 Limited capacities of local Institution and human resources …………………………. 64 4.3.2 Poor Communication and sensitization mechanisms…………………………………... 65 4.3.3 Inoperational legal framework ………………………………………………………… 65 4.3.4 Weak support to association sector ……………………………………………………. 66 4.3.5 Marginalization of local communities ………………………………………………… 66 4.3.6 Low development of rural activities …………………………………………………... 66 4.3.7 Coastal and marine resources management in the Kribi Campo Coastal Area………... 68 4.4 ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIO ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT OF THE KRIBI CAMPO COASTAL …. 72 4.4.1 TypesA of Environment………………………………………………………………….. 72 CHAPTER V: VISION, ZONING AND PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT FOR SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF THE KRIBI CAMPO AREA IN CAMEROON ………………………………………………………. 75 5.1 THE VISION …………………………………………………………………………. …. 75 5.2 ZONING …………………………………………………………………………….. …. 76 5.3 PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT FOR SUSTAINABLE INTEGRATED COASTAL MANAGEMENT OF THE KRIBI CAMPO AREA IN CAMEROON (S-ICM-KCAC) ……………………………... 78 CHAPTER VI: SECTORAL MANAGEMENT PLANS/PROGRAMMES WITHIN THE KRIBI CAMPO COASTAL AREA IN CAMEROON ………….. 82 6.1 INTRODUCTION ……………………………………………………………………… 82 6.2 GOVERNANCE AND CAPACITY BUILDING : INSTITUTIONAL AND LEGAL DEVELOPMENT , Draft final Report Project GP/RAF/04 on the implementation of the ICZM for the Kribi-Campo Area in Cameroon Page 3 AWARENESS , EDUCATION AND TRAINING WITHIN THE CONTEXT OF ICAM KRIBI CAMPO ZONE ………………………………………………………………………... 83 6.2.1 Introduction and context……………………………………………………………. 83 6.2.2 Capacity building areas needs………………………………………………………. 85 6.3 CAMPO MA’AN NATIONAL PARK MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME ……………………... 87 6.3.1. Introduction…………………………………………………………………………. 87 6.3.2. Management Programme…………………………………………………………… 89 6.3.3. Research and monitoring……………………………………………………………. 93 6.3.4. Administration and finances………………………………………………………… 95 6.4. FISHERIES MANAGEMENT …………………………………………………………… 96 6.4.1. Introduction…………………………………………………………………………. 96 6.4.2. Overview of the fisheries sector within the Kribi Campo Coastal Area……………. 97 6.4.3. Institutional and legal instruments for the management of the fisheries sector…….. 104 6.4.4. Problems identification……………………………………………………………... 107 6.4.5. Current management measures……………………………………………………... 108 6.4.6. Setting the goals and objectives for the fisheries management within the Kribi Campo Coastal Area………………………………………………………………… 111 6.4.7. Fisheries Management Plan for the Kribi Campo Coastal Area……………………. 112 6.5. TOURISM MANAGEMENT WITHIN THE KRIBI CAMPO COASTAL AREA ……………….. 115 6.5.1. Introduction………………………………………………………………………… 115 6.5.2. Institutional and legal framework for sustainable tourism development…………… 115 6.5.3. Problems identification……………………………………………………………... 117 6.5.4. Tourism Management Plan for the Kribi Campo Coastal Area…………………….. 117 6.6. POLLUTIONS ………………………………………………………………………… 121 6.6.1. Introduction…………………………………………………………………………. 121 6.6.2. Pollutions management in Cameroon………………………………………………. 121 6.6.3. Problems identification……………………………………………………………... 124 6.6.4. Pollution Management Plan for the Kribi Campo Coastal Area……………………. 125 6.7. MANGROVE , COASTAL FOREST AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT WITHIN THE KRIBI CAMPO COASTAL AREA ……………………………………………………………... 127 6.7.1. Introduction…………………………………………………………………………. 127 6.7.2. Institutional and legal framework for sustainable management of mangrove, coastal forest and wildlife within the Kribi Campo Coastal Area…………………... 127 6.7.3. Problems identification……………………………………………………………... 130 6.7.4. Mangrove, coastal forest and wildlife Management Plan for the Kribi Campo Coastal Area ………………………………………………………………………... 131 6.8. CLIMATE CHANGE , RISK AND NATURAL HAZARDS MANAGEMENT WITHIN THE KRIBI CAMPO COASTAL AREA ……………………………………………………………........ 135 Draft final Report Project GP/RAF/04 on the implementation of the ICZM for the Kribi-Campo Area in Cameroon Page 4 6.8.1. Introduction…………………………………………………………………………….. 135 6.8.2. National institutional and legal framework…………………………………………….. 135 6.8.3. Natural risk management………………………………………………………………. 136 6.9. COASTAL DEVELOPMENT AND LAND USE PLANNING …………………………………… 138 6.9.1. Introduction…………………………………………………………………………….. 138 6.9.2. Institutional and legal framework…………………………………………………........ 138 6.9.3. Problems identification……………………………………………………………........ 140 6.9.4. Coastal development and land use Management Plan for the Kribi Campo Coastal Area…………………………………………………………………………………….. 140 6.10. CONFLICTS MANAGEMENT WITHIN THE KRIBI CAMPO COASTAL AREA ………………… 143 6.10.1. Context and rational……………………………………………………………………. 143 6.10.2. Expected results……………………………………………………………………....... 143 6.10.3. Priority actions for conflicts management within the Kribi Campo Coastal Area…….. 143 6.11. BIODIVERSITY MANAGEMENT WITHIN THE KRIBI CAMPO COASTAL AREA …………...... 145 6.11.1. Introduction……………………………………………………………………………. 145 6.11.2. Collaboration and expected cooperation……………………………………………….. 146 6.11.3. The NBSAP identification for the Kribi Campo Coastal Area……………………........ 147 6.11.4. International legal instruments with direct impact on the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity in the Kribi Campo Coastal Area…………………………………. 147 6.11.5. Institutional arrangements…………………………………………………………........ 148 6.11.6. Problems identification……………………………………………………………........ 149 6.11.7. Action Plan for biodiversity management in the Kribi Campo Coastal Area…………. 150 6.12. MICRO -PROJECTS ……………………………………………………………………….. 154 6.12.1. Conditions and evaluation criteria…………………………………………………....... 154 6.12.2. Selection of micro-projects…………………………………………………………….. 154 6.12.3 Report on the micro-projects implementation ………………………………………… 156 6.12.4. Lessons learned from the implementation of micro-projects…………………………... 167 CHAPTER VII INTEGRAT ED COASTAL MANAGEMEN T PLAN FOR THE KRIBI CAMPO AREA IN CAMEROON ………………………………… 170 7.1. INTRODUCTION ………………………………………………………………………….. 170 7.2. THE INTEGRATED COASTAL AREA MANAGEMENT PLAN (ICAM) FOR KRIBI CAMPO ZONE 171 7.2.1.
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