Tourist Flow and Tourism Potential Regions of Gulmarg in Kashmirhimalayas
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Global Journal of HUMAN SOCIAL SCIENCE Geography, Geo-Sciences, Environmental Disaster Management Volume 13 Issue 4 Version 1.0 Year 2013 Type: Double Blind Peer Reviewed International Research Journal Publisher: Global Journals Inc. (USA) Online ISSN: 2249-460x & Print ISSN: 0975-587X Tourist Flow and Tourism Potential Regions of Gulmarg in Kashmir Himalayas By Nissar A. Kuchay & M. Sultan Bhat University of Kashmir, India Abstract - Gulmarg has a rich and diverse touristic product that holds the potential to be one of the most attractive tourist destinations for both leisure and sports tourism across the whole Kashmir Himalayan region. The place owes its importance mainly to its beautiful geo- environmental setup and unique climate. The destination has a history of tourism activities for more than five centuries. The resort has been a great attraction for several British officials posted in India and their families made Gulmarg their home for the summer months. This his to- geographical personality of the place has resulted in the development of tourist regions of interest to a range of tastes especially for holiday makers and sports and adventure tourists. Therefore present study aims at identification and delineation of the different tourist potential regions of the place which would help in proper marketing of the tourist product, management of tourist flow, optimization of economic returns and management of the environmental health of the destination for sustainable tourism development in the region. GJHSS-B Classification : FOR Code : 040699 Tourist Flow and Tourism Potential Regions of Gulmarg in Kashmir Himalayas Strictly as per the compliance and regulations of: © 2013. Nissar A. Kuchay & M. Sultan Bhat. This is a research/review paper, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), permitting all non- commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Tourist Flow and Tourism Potential Regions of Gulmarg in Kashmir Himalayas Nissar A. Kuchay α & M. Sultan Bhat σ Abstract - Gulmarg has a rich and diverse touristic product that A tourism region is a geographical region that holds the potential to be one of the most attractive tourist has been designated specifically for tourism purposes. 3 destinations for both leisure and sports tourism across the The names often evoke certain positive qualities of the 201 whole Kashmir Himalayan region. The place owes its area and suggest a coherent tourism experience to importance mainly to its beautiful geo-environmental setup visitors. Countries, states, provinces, and other ad- ear Y and unique climate. The destination has a history of tourism minis-trative regions are often carved up into tourism activities for more than five centuries. The resort has been a great attraction for several British officials posted in India and regions. In addition to drawing the attention of potential their families made Gulmarg their home for the summer tourists, these tourism regions often provide tourists who 29 months. This his to-geographical personality of the place has are otherwise unfamiliar with an area with a manageable resulted in the development of tourist regions of interest to a number of attractive options. Besides it also helps in the range of tastes especially for holiday makers and sports and management of environment and regulation of tourist adventure tourists. Therefore present study aims at flow for the sustainable management of tourist identification and delineation of the different tourist potential destinations. regions of the place which would help in proper marketing of the tourist product, management of tourist flow, optimization of II. tudy rea S A economic returns and management of the environmental health of the destination for sustainable tourism development The Gulmarg is believed to have been called in the region. 'Gurimarg' in ancient times and the modification of the original name is said to have been made at the instance I. ntroduction I of 15th Century Kashmiri king Sultan Yusuf Shah Chak, ustainable tourism is envisaged as leading to who was enamored with the place. If it were historical management of all resources in such a way that endorsements that Gulmarg sought, then the visits of Volume XIII Issue IV Version I economic, social and aesthetic needs can be the Mughal emperor Jahangir established the measure ) DDD D B S fulfilled while maintaining cultural integrity, essential of its worth. The resort was a great attraction for several ( ecological processes, biological diversity and life British officials posted in India and their families made ce n support systems (World Tourism Organization).There Gulmarg their home for the summer months. The e has been an up-trend in tourism over the last few presence of these holiday-makers was also responsible ci decades, Tourists have a wide range of budgets and for the foundations of the two activities that Gulmarg al S ci tastes, and a wide variety of resorts and hotels have today is best known for – golf and skiing, initiation of o S developed to cater for them. The developments in both dating back to the early twentieth century. Gulmarg technology transport and infrastructure made many is located 46 km from Srinagar city, geographical types of tourism more affordable. This is substantiated coordinate’s 34.05°N 74.38°E. It has an average uman by the fact that international tourism receipts grew elevation of 2,690 m above mean sea level. The f H to US$1.03 trillion in 2011, corresponding to an average temperature varies from its minimum of -4°C in al o increase in real terms of 3.8per cent from 2010. January to maximum of 31°C in the month of July. The n r location of Gulmarg is visualized in Fig.1. u Sustainable tourism can be seen as having o regard to ecological and socio-cultural carrying al J capacities and includes involving the community of the b lo destination in tourism development planning. It also G Involves integrating tourism to match current economic And growth policies so as to mitigate some of the negative economic and social impacts of 'mass tourism'. Murphy (1985) advocates the use of an ecological approach, to consider both plants and people when implementing the sustainable tourism development process. Author α σ : Department of Geography and Regional Development, University of Kashmir, J&K, India. E-mail : [email protected] © 2013 Global Journals Inc. (US) Tourist Flow and Tourism Potential Regions of Gulmarg in Kashmir Himalayas 3 201 ear Y 30202 Figure 1 : Location map of Gulmarg Development Area Volume XIII Issue IV Version I ) Muslim rulers like Yusuf Shah Chak and the Britshers DDD III. aterials and ethods D M M B ( ruling India. Table I depicts the category wise flow of The survey of India tope sheets at 1:25000 tourists during last five years. Gulmarg remains a scales along with IRS P6 satellite data were used for the preferred destination not only to locals but to the delineation of Gulmarg development area. Data domestic and international tourists as well. Generally regarding different variables was generated through most of the tourists who visit Kashmir valley prefer to primary survey in addition to the available secondary visit to Gulmarg as well. The category wise annual data. A series of indices based on natural beauty, pattern of tourist flow to Gulmarg is represented in Fig. 2 adventures and sports, infrastructure, transportation and which reflects the increasing trend in the flow of tourists communication etc. were prepared and their composite to Gulmarg, in the year 2011 about 1.4 million tourists score were used for the delineation of different tourist visited the place however this number has been reached regions. in July and the total tourist flow has cross 2 million mark IV. Results and Discussions by the end of this year (2012). ournal ofSocial Science Humanournal a) Tourist Flow to Gulmarg Gulmarg has a long history of tourist activities al J as it has remained a favourite destination of early Glob Table 1 : Category wise Tourist Flow to Gulmarg Year Local Domestic Foreign Total 2006 104247 390311 8101 502659 2007 268968 330466 20109 619543 2008 287934 422756 12994 723681 2009 270123 308136 6003 584262 2010 135921 319545 6773 462239 2011 425189 990460 7282 1422931 2012* 615849 1456128 7370 2079347 Source: Office of the Assistant Director Tourism, Gulmarg (*Figures for December, 2012 are projected) © 2013 Global Journals Inc. (US) Tourist Flow and Tourism Potential Regions of Gulmarg in Kashmir Himalayas 2200000 2000000 1800000 1600000 1400000 1200000 Foreign 1000000 Local 800000 3 Domestic 600000 201 400000 ear Y 200000 0 31 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012* Figure 2 : Category-Wise Annual Pattern of Tourist Flow to Gulmarg, 2006-2012 (*Figures projected for December, 2012) Gulmarg is an all-weather resort with refreshing that in the year 2011 maximum tourist flow has been in summer meadows and pastoral scenes and deep- the months of June -July and October-November, powder, long-run skiing and snowboarding during whereas, this year the flow has been consistently winters. Therefore tourist flow to this all season tourist increasing from February itself and all the months have destination continues throughout the year. Table II registered an increase over the past year except the reflects the monthly flow pattern of tourists of different month of July. categories visiting Gulmarg. It is clear from the Fig.