Post-Bam Earthquake: Recovery and Reconstruction
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Bam, Iran Earthquake of 26 December 2003, Mw6.5: a Study on the Strong Ground Motions
13th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering Vancouver, B.C., Canada August 1-6, 2004 Paper No. 8001 BAM, IRAN EARTHQUAKE OF 26 DECEMBER 2003, MW6.5: A STUDY ON THE STRONG GROUND MOTIONS Mehdi ZARE1 SUMMARY The Bam earthquake of 26 December 2003 (Mw6.5) occurred at 01:56:56 (GMT, 05:26:56 local time) around the city of Bam in the southeast of Iran. The Bam earthquake of 26/12/2003 (Mw6.5) has demolished the city of Bam, having a population of about 100000 at the time of the earthquake. The Bam fault - which was mapped before the event on the geological maps - has been reactivated during the 26/12/2003 earthquake. It seems that a length of about 10km (at the surface) of this fault has been reactivated, where it passed exactly from the east of the city of Bam. The fault has a slop towards the west and the foci of the event was located closed to the residential area (almost beneath the city of Bam). This caused a great damage in the macroseismic epicentral zone; however the strong motions have been attenuated very rapidly, specially towards the east-and west (fault normal) direction. The vertical directivity effects caused the amplification of the low frequency motions in the fault-normal direction as well as the greater amplitude of the motion on the vertical direction. INTRODUCTION The Bam earthquake of 26/12/2003 (Mw6.5) demolished the city of Bam in the southeast of Iran (Figure- 1). The earthquake happened at 5:26 am local time when most of the inhabitants were slept, that can be one of the causes of the great life losses. -
14 Days Persia Classic Tour Overview
Tour Name: 14 Days Persia Classic Tour Tour Code: OT1114001 Tour Duration: 14 Days and 13 Nights Tour Category: Discovery / Cultural Tour Difficulty: 2 Tour Tags: Classic Tour Tour Best Date: 12 months Tour Services Type: 3*/4* / All-inclusive Tour Destinations: Tehran/Kashan/Esfahan/Yazd/Shiraz/Kerman Related tours code: Number ticket limits: 2-16 Overview: Landing to Persia, Iran is a country with endless history and tradition and you explore both ancient Persia and modern Iran. Our Persia Classic Tour program includes the natural and historical attractions old central parts of Iran. In this route, we will visit cities like Tehran, Kashan, Isfahan, Yazd, Shiraz and finally Kerman. Actually, in most of these areas, living in warm and dry areas has been linked with history and has shaped the lifestyle that is specific to these areas. Highlights: . It’s a 14 days Iran classic discovery and cultural tour. The tour starts and ends in Tehran. In between, we visit 6 main cities and 17 amazing UNESCO world heritage site in Iran. Visit amazing UNESCO world heritage sites in Iran Tour Map: Tour Itinerary: Landing to PERSIA Welcome to Iran. To be met by your tour guide at the airport (IKA airport), you will be transferred to your hotel. We will visit Golestan Palace* (one of Iran UNESCO World Heritage site) and grand old bazaar of Tehran (depends on arrival time). O/N Tehran Magic of Desert (Kashan) Leaving Tehran behind, on our way to Kashan, we visit Ouyi underground city. Then continue to Kashan to visit Tabatabayi historical house, Borujerdiha/Abbasian historical house, Fin Persian garden*, a relaxing and visually impressive Persian garden with water channels all passing through a central pavilion. -
Kuhbanan Phonetic Atlas; the First Linguistic Atlas of Kerman Province
Journal of Linguistics & Khorasan Dialects Biannual, No.1 /Serial Number.16 (2017) 29 Kuhbanan Phonetic Atlas; the first linguistic Atlas of Kerman Province Hamed Mowlaei Kuhbanani 1 PhD Candidate in Linguistics, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran Dr. Abasali Ahangar Associate Professor in Linguistics, Sistan & Baluchestan University, Zahedan, Iran Received: 20 September 2016 Accepted: 13 September 2017 Extended Abstract 1- Introduction There are both social and geographical differences among dialects of every country. Finding linguistics boundaries, drawing linguistics maps and preparing linguistics Atlases are the most important activities in geographical linguistics. This study intends to introduce the Kuhbanan linguistics Atlas as the first linguistic Atlas of Kerman Province. This Atlas includes the distribution of some Persian linguistics variables of Kuhbanani dialect spoken in Kuhbanan and Khoramdasht regions in Kerman Province. The main purpose is to introduce the linguistic atlases based on the differences of Kuhbanani dialect in these two regions. However, The geographical distribution of some Middle Persian linguistic variables observed in these two regions under investigation also is displayed, too. 2- Methodology As to the methodology of this research, at first, the guide linguistic variables as well as the main one were determined by the free speech and interview of upper 55 years old, uneducated male and female Kuhbanani speakers of 30 villages. Afterwards, a questionnaire and lexical list have been provided and carried out. At last, based on the linguistic data collected, the differences and similarities observed in the distribution of the relevant linguistic variables as well as some remnants of Middle Persian variables in Kuhbanani dialect have been shown through isoglosses on linguistic atlases. -
Phenotypic Diversity of Camel Ecotypes (Camelus Dromedarius) in the South Region of Kerman Province of Iran
See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/346797398 Phenotypic Diversity of Camel Ecotypes (Camelus dromedarius) in the South Region of Kerman Province of Iran Article · December 2020 CITATIONS READS 0 33 3 authors, including: Jamshid Ehsani Nia Navid Ghavi Hossein-Zadeh University of Guilan University of Guilan 6 PUBLICATIONS 4 CITATIONS 160 PUBLICATIONS 1,090 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Effect of udder health on milk yield and milk composition in Holstein cows View project Hair Mineral Analysis of the Caspian Horses View project All content following this page was uploaded by Navid Ghavi Hossein-Zadeh on 09 December 2020. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. Ehsaninia et al. Phenotypic Diversity of Camel Ecotypes (Camelus dromedarius) in the South Region of Kerman Province of Iran 1* 2 3 Research Article J. Ehsaninia , B. Faye and N. Ghavi Hossein‐Zadeh 1 Department of Agriculture, Minab Higher Education Center, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran 2 FAO/CIRAD‐ES, Campus Internaonal de Baillarguet, TA C/dir B 34398 Montpellier, France 3 Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran Received on: 8 Jan 2019 Revised on: 21 Mar 2019 Accepted on: 31 Mar 2019 Online Published on: Dec 2020 *Correspondence E‐mail: [email protected] © 2010 Copyright by Islamic Azad Univers ity, Rasht Branch, Rasht, Iran Online version is available on: www.ijas.ir The aims of the present study were to evaluate phenotypic diversity and to determine the live body weight of camel ecotypes elevated in the south region of Kerman province in Iran. -
A Framework for Empirical Assessment of Agricultural Sustainability: the Case of Iran
sustainability Article A Framework for Empirical Assessment of Agricultural Sustainability: The Case of Iran Siavash Fallah-Alipour 1, Hossein Mehrabi Boshrabadi 1,*, Mohammad Reza Zare Mehrjerdi 1 and Dariush Hayati 2 1 Department of Agricultural Economics, College of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman 76169-13439, Iran; [email protected] (S.F.-A.); [email protected] (M.R.Z.M.) 2 Department of Agricultural Extension & Education, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71441-65186, Iran; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +98-34-3132-2606 Received: 22 September 2018; Accepted: 27 November 2018; Published: 17 December 2018 Abstract: In developing countries, agricultural development is still a fundamental means of poverty alleviation, economic development and, in general, sustainable development. Despite the great emphasis on sustainable agricultural development, it seems that there are many practical difficulties towards empirical assessment of agricultural sustainability. In this regard, the present study aims to propose a comprehensive framework for the assessment of agricultural sustainability and present an empirical application of the proposed framework in south-east Iran (Kerman province). The framework is based on a stepwise procedure, involving: (1) The calculation of economic, social, environmental, political, institutional and demographic indicators, covering the actual and potential aspects of unsustainability; (2) the application of Fuzzy Pairwise Comparisons -
Data Collection Survey Report on Earthquake Management in Iran
DATA COLLECTION SURVEY REPORT ON EARTHQUAKE MANAGEMENT IN IRAN AUGUST 2019 JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY (JICA) JAPAN METEOROLOGICAL BUSINESS SUPPORT CENTER AND YACHIYO ENGINEERING CO., LTD. 7R JR 19-010 Summary 1. Overview of Iran The Islamic Republic of Iran is located in the southwest Asia and the country has a mountainous area and a desert. The land area is around 1.6 million km2 and it is approx. 4.4 times1 that of Japan. It is bordered by the Caspian Sea, Turkmenistan, Azerbaijan and Armenia to the north, by Afghanistan and Pakistan to the east, by Turkey and Iraq to the west, and by the Persian Gulf, Oman, UAE, Qatar, Bahrain, Kuwait and Saudi Arabia to the south. The Zagros mountains, which run from the Iraqi border to the Persian Gulf coast, was formed as a result of a collision between the Arabian Plate and the Eurasian Plate. The Arabian Plate is still moving at a rate of around 25 mm a year, and the accumulation of seismic energy caused by its collision with the i Eurasian plate produces frequent earthquakes in Iran. The capital, Tehran, experiences major earthquakes with an approximate 150-year cycle. Accordingly, there is a high interest in reducing earthquake risk. 2. Background and Outline of the Project Accordingly, the national government has laid out policies for goals such as enhancement of measures against natural disasters and strengthened research for earthquake risk mitigation through the expansion of earthquake observation networks in its laws and development plans. Against this background, seismic activity is monitored extensively on a nationwide basis, and earthquake-related research is actively carried out. -
Tafoni Phenomena in the Kerman Province of Iran: Short Description and Pictures
Geo-Eco-Trop., 2014, 38, 2 : 289-304 Tafoni phenomena in the Kerman Province of Iran: Short description and pictures Brève description avec illustrations photographiques de phénomènes Tafoni dans la province de Kerman en Iran Iradj ESCHGHI (*) Résumé : La formation de tafoni dans la province de Kerman en Iran est présentée pour la première fois dans la note brève ci-après avec une galerie de photos illustrative. Les tafoni représentés se développent en plusieurs endroits dans différents matériaux rocheux: du basalte dans le désert de Lut, un champ volcanique du Plateau de Gandom Beryan, de l’andésite dans la grotte d’Ayub près de la ville de Dehaj, du tuf volcanique dans le village de Marj et du grès près de la ville de Hojedk. Mots-clés: Iran, Province de Kerman, Formation de Tafoni, Différents matériaux rocheux Abstract: Tafoni formation in the Kerman province of Iran is described for the first time in this paper illustrated by a pictures gallery. Tafoni develop in lots of areas in different rock types such as: basalt in the Lut desert, volcanic field of the Gandom Beryan Plateau , andesite in the Ayub cave near the town of Dehaj , tuff near the village of Marj and sandstone near the town of Hojedk Keywords: Iran, Kerman province, Tafoni formation, Various rock types INTRODUCTION Because of thermal changes, mineral decomposition, water and wind action, and salt weathering, natural cavities called Tafoni develop in various (granular) rock types. These cavities are of different forms: spherical, ellipsoidal, kidney-shaped, pan to bowl shaped… The origin of the word tafoni is uncertain; maybe it is derived from the Corsican dialect “tafone” and is synonymous with window (KLAER 1956). -
Insights Into the Aftershocks and Inter-Seismicity for Some Large Persian Earthquakes
Journal of Sciences, Islamic Republic of Iran 26(1): 35 - 48 (2015) http://jsciences.ut.ac.ir University of Tehran, ISSN 1016-1104 Insights into the Aftershocks and Inter-Seismicity for Some Large Persian Earthquakes M. Nemati* Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman City, Islamic Republic of Iran Earthquake Research Center, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman City, Islamic Republic of Iran Received: 8 July 2014 / Revised: 23 September 2014 / Accepted: 14 December 2014 Abstract This paper focuses on aftershocks behavior and seismicity along some co-seismic faults for large earthquakes in Iran. The data of aftershocks and seismicity roughly extracted from both the Institute of Geophysics the University of Tehran (IGUT) and International Seismological Center (ISC) catalogs. Apply some essential methods on 43 large earthquakes data; like the depth, magnitude as well as the aftershock data; resulted knowledge about some relations between earthquake characteristics. We found ~16.5km for deep seated co-seismic fault length for the 2005 Dahouieh Zarand earthquake (MW 6.4) considering the dimension of the main cluster of aftershocks. Moreover, a slightly decrease in aftershocks activity was observed with increase in depth of the mainshocks for some Iranian earthquakes. Also the clustered aftershocks for the 1997 Zirkuh-e Qaen earthquake (MW 7.1) showed a clear decrease in maximum magnitude of the aftershocks per day elapsed from mainshock. Finally, we could explore an anti-correlation between aftershocks distribution and post microseismicity along co-seismic faults for both Dahouieh and Qaen earthquakes. Keywords: Aftershock; Mainshock; Magnitude; Seismicity and Persia. mainshock hypocenter immediately after the Introduction earthquake occurrence. -
Major Earthquakes of the Past Decade
Trauma Mon.2012;17(1):219-229. DOI: 10.5812/traumamon.4519 KOWSAR Major Earthquakes of the Past Decade (2000-2010): A Comparative Review of Various Aspects of Management Mohammad Hosein Kalantar Motamedi 1 *, Masoud Sagafinia 1, Ali Ebrahimi 1, Ehsan Shams 1, Mostafa Kalantar Motamedi 1 1 Trauma Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article type: Objectives: This article sought to review and compare data of major earthquakes of the past Review Article decade and their aftermath in order to compare the magnitude, death toll, type of injuries, management procedures, extent of destruction and effectiveness of relief efforts. Article history: Materials and Methods: A retrospective study of the various aspects of management and Received: 16 Feb 2012 aftermath of 5 major earthquakes of the past decade (2000–2010) was undertaken. This in- Revised: 02 Mar 2012 cluded earthquakes occurring in Bam Iran, Sichuan China, Port-au-Prince Haiti, Kashmir Pak- Accepted: 03 Mar 2012 istan and Ica Peru. A literature search was done via computer of published articles (indexed in Pubmed). The issues assessed included: 1)Local magnitude,2)Type of building structure Keywords: 3)Time of the earthquake (day/time/season), 4)Time to rescue, 5)Triage, Transfer, and Treat- Earthquakes ment 6) Distribution of casualties (dead/ injured), 7)Degree of city damage, 8)Degree of dam- Review age to health facilities, 9)Field hospital availability, 10)International aid, 11)Air transfer, 12) Disasters Telecommunication systems availability, 13) PTSD prevalence, 14) Most common injury and Risk Management 15) Most common disease outbreak. -
A New Archaeological Research Programme in Kerman Province, Iran
Bam Archaeological Mission: a new archaeological research programme in Kerman Province, Iran Benjamin Mutin1,2,∗ & Omran Garazhian3 Project Gallery The Bam Archaeological Mission aims to investigate ancient settlement in the Bam-Narmashir region of Iran. Preliminary survey has identified over 200 new archaeological sites, with renewed excavation at the key site of Tell-e Atashi revealing structural evidence of Neolithic occupation. Introduction The Bam Archaeological Mission (BAM) in the Bam-Narmashir region, in the south- western margin of the Lut Desert (Kerman, Iran), began in 2016 (Figure 1). The BAM’s main objective is to investigate the ancient settlement in this area—its evolution, cultural links and relationship to environmental changes. Beyond the Bam region, this research aims to contribute to the study of ancient south-eastern Iran, and, more broadly, to the understanding of the dispersal and interaction of people, cultures and technologies across Middle- and South Asia during pre- and proto-history. The creation of BAM was prompted by the discovery of proto-historical sites after the infamous 2003 earthquake: Chalcolithic sites in Bam’s western periphery and Neolithic–Chalcolithic sites east of Bam in Darestan, including the Neolithic site of Tell-e Atashi (Adle 2006; Garazhian 2009; Soleimani et al. 2016). In its first field season (2016), the BAM surveyed the region. In 2017, the mission opened test trenches at Tell-e Atashi. First field season In 2016, the BAM surveyed along the area’s main west–east river system for about 60km between Darzin and Darestan (Figure 1). This recorded over 200 archaeological sites with Palaeolithic to Islamic remains, including many Neolithic and Late Chalcolithic sites. -
Microbiostratigraphy of the Lower Cretaceous Strata from the Bararig Mountain, SE Iran
Revista Mexicana de CienciasMicrobiostratigraphy Geológicas, v. of 29, the núm. Lower 1, 2012,Cretaceous p. 63-75 strata from the Bararig Mountain SE Iran 63 Microbiostratigraphy of the Lower Cretaceous strata from the Bararig Mountain, SE Iran Mahin Rami1, Mohammad Reza Vaziri2, Morteza Taherpour Khalil Abad3,*, Seyed Abolfazl Hosseini4, Ivana Carević5, and Mohsen Allameh6 1 Department of Geology, North-Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. 2 Shahid Bahonar Universty, Kerman, Iran. 3 Department of Geology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran. Young Researchers Club, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University. 4 Exploration Directorate, National Iranian Oil Company, Tehran, Iran. 5 Faculty of Geography, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 3/3, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia. 6 Department of Geology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran. * [email protected] ABSTRACT The Barremian-Aptian sediments in the Bararig section (Southwest of Kuhbanan) consist of an alternation of marl and limestone. The palaeontological analysis led to identification of twenty seven taxa of benthic foraminifera and algae in the section studied. Diverse assemblages of benthic foraminifera and also the low planktonic/benthic (P/B) ratio show that the sedimentary environment in the study area was oxygenated and shallow. Key words: microbiostratigraphy, palaeoecology, Lower Cretaceous, Bararig section, Kerman Province, Iran. RESUMEN Los sedimentos del Barremiano-Aptiano en la sección Bararig section (al suroeste de Kuhbanan) consisten en una alternancia de margas y calizas. El análisis paleontológico permitió la identificación de 27 taxa de foraminíferos bentónicos y algas en la sección estudidad. Diversas asociaciones de foraminíferos bentónicos y la baja relación de planctónicos/bentónicos (P/B) indica que el ambiente sedimentario en el área de estudio fue oxigenado y somero. -
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