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TAXON:Salix Cinerea L. SCORE:9.0 RATING:High Risk

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TAXON:Salix Cinerea L. SCORE:9.0 RATING:High Risk TAXON: Salix cinerea L. SCORE: 9.0 RATING: High Risk Taxon: Salix cinerea L. Family: Salicaceae Common Name(s): common sallow Synonym(s): Salix acuminata Mill. gray sallow Salix aquatica Sm. gray willow Salix cinerea f. tricolor Dippel pussy willow Assessor: Chuck Chimera Status: Assessor Approved End Date: 1 Feb 2018 WRA Score: 9.0 Designation: H(HPWRA) Rating: High Risk Keywords: Riparian Shrub, Environmental Weed, Dioecious, Suckers, Wind-Dispersed Qsn # Question Answer Option Answer 101 Is the species highly domesticated? y=-3, n=0 n 101 Is the species highly domesticated? y=-3, n=0 n 102 Has the species become naturalized where grown? 102 Has the species become naturalized where grown? 103 Does the species have weedy races? 103 Does the species have weedy races? Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) - If 201 island is primarily wet habitat, then substitute "wet (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2-high) (See Appendix 2) Low tropical" for "tropical or subtropical" Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) - If 201 island is primarily wet habitat, then substitute "wet (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2-high) (See Appendix 2) Low tropical" for "tropical or subtropical" 202 Quality of climate match data (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2-high) (See Appendix 2) High 202 Quality of climate match data (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2-high) (See Appendix 2) High 203 Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility) y=1, n=0 y 203 Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility) y=1, n=0 y Native or naturalized in regions with tropical or 204 y=1, n=0 n subtropical climates Native or naturalized in regions with tropical or 204 y=1, n=0 n subtropical climates Does the species have a history of repeated introductions 205 y=-2, ?=-1, n=0 y outside its natural range? Does the species have a history of repeated introductions 205 y=-2, ?=-1, n=0 y outside its natural range? 301 Naturalized beyond native range y = 1*multiplier (see Appendix 2), n= question 205 y 301 Naturalized beyond native range y = 1*multiplier (see Appendix 2), n= question 205 y 302 Garden/amenity/disturbance weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see Appendix 2) n Creation Date: 1 Feb 2018 (Salix cinerea L.) Page 1 of 21 TAXON: Salix cinerea L. SCORE: 9.0 RATING: High Risk Qsn # Question Answer Option Answer 302 Garden/amenity/disturbance weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see Appendix 2) n 303 Agricultural/forestry/horticultural weed 303 Agricultural/forestry/horticultural weed 304 Environmental weed n=0, y = 2*multiplier (see Appendix 2) y 304 Environmental weed n=0, y = 2*multiplier (see Appendix 2) y 305 Congeneric weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see Appendix 2) y 305 Congeneric weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see Appendix 2) y 401 Produces spines, thorns or burrs y=1, n=0 n 401 Produces spines, thorns or burrs y=1, n=0 n 402 Allelopathic 402 Allelopathic 403 Parasitic y=1, n=0 n 403 Parasitic y=1, n=0 n 404 Unpalatable to grazing animals y=1, n=-1 n 404 Unpalatable to grazing animals y=1, n=-1 n 405 Toxic to animals y=1, n=0 n 405 Toxic to animals y=1, n=0 n 406 Host for recognized pests and pathogens 406 Host for recognized pests and pathogens 407 Causes allergies or is otherwise toxic to humans y=1, n=0 n 407 Causes allergies or is otherwise toxic to humans y=1, n=0 n 408 Creates a fire hazard in natural ecosystems y=1, n=0 n 408 Creates a fire hazard in natural ecosystems y=1, n=0 n 409 Is a shade tolerant plant at some stage of its life cycle y=1, n=0 n 409 Is a shade tolerant plant at some stage of its life cycle y=1, n=0 n Tolerates a wide range of soil conditions (or limestone 410 y=1, n=0 y conditions if not a volcanic island) Tolerates a wide range of soil conditions (or limestone 410 y=1, n=0 y conditions if not a volcanic island) 411 Climbing or smothering growth habit y=1, n=0 n 411 Climbing or smothering growth habit y=1, n=0 n 412 Forms dense thickets y=1, n=0 y 412 Forms dense thickets y=1, n=0 y 501 Aquatic y=5, n=0 n 501 Aquatic y=5, n=0 n 502 Grass y=1, n=0 n 502 Grass y=1, n=0 n 503 Nitrogen fixing woody plant y=1, n=0 n Creation Date: 1 Feb 2018 (Salix cinerea L.) Page 2 of 21 TAXON: Salix cinerea L. SCORE: 9.0 RATING: High Risk Qsn # Question Answer Option Answer 503 Nitrogen fixing woody plant y=1, n=0 n Geophyte (herbaceous with underground storage organs 504 y=1, n=0 n -- bulbs, corms, or tubers) Geophyte (herbaceous with underground storage organs 504 y=1, n=0 n -- bulbs, corms, or tubers) Evidence of substantial reproductive failure in native 601 y=1, n=0 n habitat Evidence of substantial reproductive failure in native 601 y=1, n=0 n habitat 602 Produces viable seed y=1, n=-1 y 602 Produces viable seed y=1, n=-1 y 603 Hybridizes naturally y=1, n=-1 y 603 Hybridizes naturally y=1, n=-1 y 604 Self-compatible or apomictic y=1, n=-1 n 604 Self-compatible or apomictic y=1, n=-1 n 605 Requires specialist pollinators y=-1, n=0 n 605 Requires specialist pollinators y=-1, n=0 n 606 Reproduction by vegetative fragmentation y=1, n=-1 y 606 Reproduction by vegetative fragmentation y=1, n=-1 y 607 Minimum generative time (years) 1 year = 1, 2 or 3 years = 0, 4+ years = -1 2 607 Minimum generative time (years) 1 year = 1, 2 or 3 years = 0, 4+ years = -1 2 Propagules likely to be dispersed unintentionally (plants 701 y=1, n=-1 y growing in heavily trafficked areas) Propagules likely to be dispersed unintentionally (plants 701 y=1, n=-1 y growing in heavily trafficked areas) 702 Propagules dispersed intentionally by people y=1, n=-1 y 702 Propagules dispersed intentionally by people y=1, n=-1 y 703 Propagules likely to disperse as a produce contaminant 703 Propagules likely to disperse as a produce contaminant 704 Propagules adapted to wind dispersal y=1, n=-1 y 704 Propagules adapted to wind dispersal y=1, n=-1 y 705 Propagules water dispersed y=1, n=-1 y 705 Propagules water dispersed y=1, n=-1 y 706 Propagules bird dispersed y=1, n=-1 n 706 Propagules bird dispersed y=1, n=-1 n 707 Propagules dispersed by other animals (externally) y=1, n=-1 n 707 Propagules dispersed by other animals (externally) y=1, n=-1 n 708 Propagules survive passage through the gut y=1, n=-1 y 708 Propagules survive passage through the gut y=1, n=-1 y Creation Date: 1 Feb 2018 (Salix cinerea L.) Page 3 of 21 TAXON: Salix cinerea L. SCORE: 9.0 RATING: High Risk Qsn # Question Answer Option Answer 801 Prolific seed production (>1000/m2) y=1, n=-1 y 801 Prolific seed production (>1000/m2) y=1, n=-1 y Evidence that a persistent propagule bank is formed (>1 802 y=1, n=-1 n yr) Evidence that a persistent propagule bank is formed (>1 802 y=1, n=-1 n yr) 803 Well controlled by herbicides y=-1, n=1 y 803 Well controlled by herbicides y=-1, n=1 y 804 Tolerates, or benefits from, mutilation, cultivation, or fire y=1, n=-1 y 804 Tolerates, or benefits from, mutilation, cultivation, or fire y=1, n=-1 y Effective natural enemies present locally (e.g. introduced 805 biocontrol agents) Effective natural enemies present locally (e.g. introduced 805 biocontrol agents) Creation Date: 1 Feb 2018 (Salix cinerea L.) Page 4 of 21 TAXON: Salix cinerea L. SCORE: 9.0 RATING: High Risk Supporting Data: Qsn # Question Answer 101 Is the species highly domesticated? n Source(s) Notes [No evidence of domestication] "It is a Eurasian species, commonly distributed throughout Europe, from the Mediterranean to CABI. 2018. Invasive Species Compendium. Wallingford , Scandinavia, and extending eastward to Asia, from Crimea to the UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/isc Caucasus, from northern Iran to Siberia and north of the Caspian and Aral seas to the Chinese border (Jalas and Suominen, 1976; Skvortsov, 1999)." 102 Has the species become naturalized where grown? Source(s) Notes WRA Specialist. 2018. Personal Communication NA 103 Does the species have weedy races? Source(s) Notes WRA Specialist. 2018. Personal Communication NA Creation Date: 1 Feb 2018 (Salix cinerea L.) Page 5 of 21 TAXON: Salix cinerea L. SCORE: 9.0 RATING: High Risk Qsn # Question Answer Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) - If 201 island is primarily wet habitat, then substitute "wet Low tropical" for "tropical or subtropical" Source(s) Notes "C - Temperate/Mesothermal climate Preferred Average temp. of coldest month > 0°C and < 18°C, mean warmest month > 10°C Cf - Warm temperate climate, wet all year Preferred Warm average temp. > 10°C, Cold average temp. > 0°C, wet all year CABI. 2018. Invasive Species Compendium. Wallingford , Cs - Warm temperate climate with dry summer Preferred Warm UK: CAB International. www.cabi.org/isc average temp. > 10°C, Cold average temp. > 0°C, dry summers Cw - Warm temperate climate with dry winter Preferred Warm temperate climate with dry winter (Warm average temp. > 10°C, Cold average temp.
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