Design and Implementation of the Expert System for Health and Medical Treatment Using Integration of Big Data

Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 31st March 2018. Vol.96. No 6 © 2005 – ongoing JATIT & LLS ISSN: 1992-8645 www.jatit.org E-ISSN: 1817-3195 DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE EXPERT SYSTEM FOR HEALTH AND MEDICAL TREATMENT USING INTEGRATION OF BIG DATA 1YOO-JIN MOON, 2EUNJOO CHOI, 3YOUNG-HO HWANG 1 2Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Seoul 02450, Korea 3 Corresponding Author, Kunsan National University, Jeonbuk 54150, Korea E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] ABSTRACT This paper designs and implements the expert system for health and medical treatment using integration of public medical big data. According to the trend that the health and medical treatment data are gradually open to the public in the world, the integrated medical information system is required for the patients. By implementation of the medical expert system, representatives of the analytical results are average treatment expenses per medical center per disease, medical institutions frequently treating patients per disease, diseases susceptibility in the age group, number of patients per disease by region, and number of the medical clinics per department and district. The expert system makes the big data helpful for the medical centers, patients, governments, the medicine importers, pharmacists and insurance agencies etc. Overall, the expert system deals with not only the fundamental analysis of the diseases per age or per gender but also the practically beneficial information for all the interested parties with analysis of the public medical treatment big data. Furthermore, the expert system can easily be extended with increasing public medical big data open. Keywords: Big data, Expert system, Medical expense, Insurance agency, Medical center 1. INTRODUCTION to research articles in medical journals. [10, 12, 13, 14] The biomedical data have explosively produced Big data threw one of the major challenges in the hospital as well as on the mobile internet. The of information technology and statistics and has heterogeneous biomedical data are created from brought a great revolution from the algorithmic various types of data sources, which include the viewpoint and statistical framework. [1, 2, 3] Big hospital medical data, the health data and personal data usually consist of massive data but they also behavior data published by the mobile devices, and include online data with homogeneity and nutrition information from social network. [15] heterogeneity. Recently some statistical methods These health big data play an important role in the have been adapted to process big data, like linear data processing and analysis useful for the patients. regression models, bootstrapping schemes and [16, 17, 18, 19] In addition, the health big data also clustering schemes. [4, 5, 6] They are utilized with give chances for insurance companies, medical comprehensive nonparametric statistical methods administrators of the hospitals and the government working not only in single and versatile framework to take the implication into account when deciding regression problems, but also in two-class and medical management, medical facilities, medical multi-class classification problems. [7, 8, 9, 10, 11] policy and behavior. [20] Big data is quite an old term, but with To find earlier detection of pathologies in a advancement of computer processors and memories typical check mode of healthcare facilities, sensors big data have become very popular recently in life connected to patients can send signals to the sciences, health and medical area, security area, patients from time to time in measuring abnormal marketing area, agriculture area and other areas. frequency physiological data. [20, 21, 22] The early The health and medical area has been a front- detection of pathologies makes it possible for running man from large biomedical data, with the doctors to recognize the disease, start treatments U.S. healthcare system expected to reach the earlier, potentially to let the patient have a better zettabyte (10²¹) size from electronic medical records condition for treatment, and possibly to let the 1680 Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 31st March 2018. Vol.96. No 6 © 2005 – ongoing JATIT & LLS ISSN: 1992-8645 www.jatit.org E-ISSN: 1817-3195 patient completely cured with reduced costs. [23, 24, health and medical treatment area, but the public 25] When the medical facilities generate the big data for the medical area are limited to the heterogeneous data with real-time restrictions, a big respective data processing in each center without data problem may occur during processing medical integration of the public medical big data yet. In algorithms for diagnosing pathologies in the real- Korea, National Health Insurance Corporation and time big data analytics system. [6, 10] Daum Soft started a platform for providing people with services to forecast care of national health, In Korea, the public medical big data are which stage is still in its infancy. According to the available in the websites of Public Big Data Center trend that the health and medical treatment data are of Seoul City [26], Institute of Health Insurance gradually open to the public in the world, the Policy [27], National Cancer Information Center, integrated medical information system is required [28], Korea Breast Cancer Cyber Center [31], and for the patients. [26, 27, 28, 29, 31, 33] Thus, it is Samsung Seoul Hospital [34], etc. The public meaningful that this paper designs and implements medical big data in each center were respectively the information system for health and medical processed without integration of the other public treatment using integration of public medical big big data. data. Thus, with integration of public medical 3. THE SYSTEM MODEL AND ANALYSES big data it is necessary to implement the expert system for health and medical treatment. People 3.1 Entity-Relationship Diagram of the System would use the expert system to rationally select the The research system embraces an entity- medical centers, check the medical expenses and relationship model. In the entity-relationship model, decide better treatment method, etc. The expert an entity represents one theme or topic restricted to system creates various information through public things that can be conveyed by a single table and a medical big data and makes the big data helpful for relation consists of rows and columns that have the medical centers, patients, governments, the specific characteristics. In this system, the main medicine importers, pharmacists and insurance characteristics of the relation are that cells of the agencies. [11, 29] Overall, the expert system deals relation hold a single value, the order of the rows is with not only the fundamental analysis of the unimportant, the order of the columns is diseases per age or per gender but also the unimportant, each column has a unique name, a key practically beneficial information with analysis of is one or more columns of a relation used to the public medical treatment big data for all the determine a row. [1] A primary key (PK) is a interested parties. Furthermore, the expert system candidate key chose to uniquely define a single row can be easily extended with increasing public for the relation. By normalization of the entities and medical big data open. relations the functional dependencies work in the 2. PRELIMINARIES well-formed relations of the system. Figure 1 illustrates the Entity-Relationship Gradually data of the health and medical diagram architecture of the expert system. For the treatment area have been open to the public and implementation of the expert system the public big developed based on information technology data related to the medical treatment are collected advancement. Especially the developed countries from Public Big Data Center of Seoul City [26], publicly disclose the data centered on fields of the Institute of Health Insurance Policy [27], National socially high demands, which is preferentially on Cancer Information Center [28], Korea Breast the way of implementing the database system. Cancer Cyber Center [31], Samsung Seoul Hospital Express Scripts Holding Co., company of [34] and National Statistical Office [32]. management for insurance and drugs, utilized big The database system uses public medical data during information processing and achieved big data and is composed of the following medical the good result of methods for dispensing the information: patient information, medical cheaper personalized drugs for the patient. [3, 10] institution information, disease information and And McKinsey and Beyondcore conducted case medical treatment information. analysis of the medical expense invoices and found In the case of a medical care E-R diagram points of decreasing medical expenses for the in Figure 1, each medical number is created and patients. [30] designated as a PK. We need to put information about the patient number, the medical institution Recent publicity of the medical big data is number, the disease number, the treatment method expected to motivate the market vitalization of the number, fee, the treatment area, the start year of 1681 Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology 31st March 2018. Vol.96. No 6 © 2005 – ongoing JATIT & LLS ISSN: 1992-8645 www.jatit.org E-ISSN: 1817-3195 treatment, the recent medical year, full recovery or for example, comparison of treatment expenses, not, and the disease name, etc. medical institutions frequently

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