Chapter 14: Inside the Atom
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Nitrogen Isotope Variations in the Solar System Evelyn Füri and Bernard Marty
REVIEW ARTICLE PUBLISHED ONLINE: 15 JUNE 2015 | DOI: 10.1038/NGEO2451 Nitrogen isotope variations in the Solar System Evelyn Füri and Bernard Marty The relative proportion of the two isotopes of nitrogen, 14N and 15N, varies dramatically across the Solar System, despite little variation on Earth. NASA’s Genesis mission directly sampled the solar wind and confirmed that the Sun — and, by inference, the protosolar nebula from which the Solar System formed — is highly depleted in the heavier isotope compared with the reference nitrogen isotopic composition, that of Earth’s atmosphere. In contrast, the inner planets, asteroids, and comets are enriched in 15N by tens to hundreds of per cent; organic matter in primitive meteorites records the highest 15N/14N isotopic ratios. The measurements indicate that the protosolar nebula, inner Solar System, and cometary ices represent three distinct isotopic reservoirs, and that the 15N enrichment generally increases with distance from the Sun. The 15N enrichments were probably not inherited from presolar material, but instead resulted from nitrogen isotope fractionation processes that occurred early in Solar System history. Improvements in analytical techniques and spacecraft observations have made it possible to measure nitrogen isotopic variability in the Solar System at a level of accuracy that offers a window into the processing of early Solar System material, large-scale disk dynamics and planetary formation processes. he Solar System formed when a fraction of a dense molecu- a matter of debate, the D/H isotopic tracer offers the possibility of lar cloud collapsed and a central star, the proto-Sun, started investigating the relationships between the different Solar System Tburning its nuclear fuel1. -
John Lennon / Plastic Ono Band* 3:15 Written-By – John Lennon Touch Me B –Yoko Ono / Plastic Ono Band* 3:40 Written-By – Yoko Ono
John Lennon Power To The People mp3, flac, wma DOWNLOAD LINKS (Clickable) Genre: Rock / Funk / Soul Album: Power To The People Country: US Released: 1978 Style: Art Rock, Experimental MP3 version RAR size: 1680 mb FLAC version RAR size: 1896 mb WMA version RAR size: 1461 mb Rating: 4.6 Votes: 135 Other Formats: XM MP4 AC3 MMF FLAC MOD VOC Tracklist Hide Credits Power To The People A –John Lennon / Plastic Ono Band* 3:15 Written-By – John Lennon Touch Me B –Yoko Ono / Plastic Ono Band* 3:40 Written-By – Yoko Ono Companies, etc. Manufactured By – Capitol Records, Inc. Published By – Maclen Music, Inc. Published By – Ono Music, Inc. Mastered At – Capitol Mastering Credits Mastered By – JAM* Producer – John & Yoko*, Phil Spector (tracks: A) Notes B Side: From the LP "Plastic Ono Band" SW-3373 Barcode and Other Identifiers Matrix / Runout (A Side, label): S-X46492 Matrix / Runout (B Side, label): S-X47399 Matrix / Runout (A Side, handwritten): S45-X46492 H-15 JAM Matrix / Runout (B Side, handwritten): S45-X47399 H-15 JAM Matrix / Runout (Both sides, machine stamped): MASTERED BY CAPITOL Rights Society: BMI Other versions Category Artist Title (Format) Label Category Country Year John Lennon / Plastic John Lennon / Ono Band* - Power To Apple R 5892 Plastic Ono R 5892 UK Unknown The People (7", Single, Records Band* RP, 4 P) John Lennon / John Lennon / Plastic 160 Plastic Ono Ono Band* - Power To Odeon 160 Venezuela 1971 Band* The People (7", Single) John Lennon / Yoko Ono John Lennon / / Plastic Ono Band* - Yoko Ono / Apple R 5892 Power To The -
Element Builder
Name: ______________________________________ Date: ________________________ Student Exploration: Element Builder Prior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE using the Gizmo.) 1. What are some of the different substances that make up a pizza? _____________________ _________________________________________________________________________ 2. What substances make up water? _____________________________________________ 3. What substances make up an iron pot? _________________________________________ Elements are pure substances that are made up of one kind of atom. Pizza is not an element because it is a mixture of many substances. Water is a pure substance, but it contains two kinds of atom: oxygen and hydrogen. Iron is an element because it is composed of one kind of atom. Gizmo Warm-up Atoms are tiny particles of matter that are made up of three particles: protons, neutrons, and electrons. The Element Builder Gizmo™ shows an atom with a single proton. The proton is located in the center of the atom, called the nucleus. 1. Use the arrow buttons ( ) to add protons, neutrons, and electrons to the atom. Press Play ( ). A. Which particles are located in the nucleus? _________________________________ B. Which particles orbit around the nucleus? __________________________________ 2. Turn on Show element name. What is the element? ________________________ 3. Manipulate the gizmo to figure out what actions cause the element name to change. _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ Get the Gizmo ready: Activity A: Use the arrows to create an atom with two protons, Subatomic two neutrons, and two electrons. particles Turn on Show element name. Question: What are the properties of protons, neutrons, and electrons? 1. Observe: Turn on Show element symbol and Element notation. Three numbers surround the element symbol: the mass number, electrical charge (no number is displayed if the atom is neutral), and the atomic number. -
Groundwater Quality Data for the Northern Sacramento Valley, 2007: Results from the California GAMA Program
Prepared in cooperation with the California State Water Resources Control Board A product of the California Groundwater Ambient Monitoring and Assessment (GAMA) Program Groundwater Quality Data for the Northern Sacramento Valley, 2007: Results from the California GAMA Program SHASTA CO Redding 5 Red Bluff TEHAMA CO Data Series 452 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Cover Photographs: Top: View looking down the fence line, 2008. (Photograph taken by Michael Wright, U.S. Geological Survey.) Bottom: A well/pump in a field, 2008. (Photograph taken by George Bennett, U.S. Geological Survey.) Groundwater Quality Data for the Northern Sacramento Valley, 2007: Results from the California GAMA Program By Peter A. Bennett, George L. Bennett V, and Kenneth Belitz In cooperation with the California State Water Resources Control Board Data Series 452 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Department of the Interior KEN SALAZAR, Secretary U.S. Geological Survey Suzette M. Kimball, Acting Director U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia: 2009 For more information on the USGS—the Federal source for science about the Earth, its natural and living resources, natural hazards, and the environment, visit http://www.usgs.gov or call 1-888-ASK-USGS For an overview of USGS information products, including maps, imagery, and publications, visit http://www.usgs.gov/pubprod To order this and other USGS information products, visit http://store.usgs.gov Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this report is in the public domain, permission must be secured from the individual copyright owners to reproduce any copyrighted materials contained within this report. -
12 Natural Isotopes of Elements Other Than H, C, O
12 NATURAL ISOTOPES OF ELEMENTS OTHER THAN H, C, O In this chapter we are dealing with the less common applications of natural isotopes. Our discussions will be restricted to their origin and isotopic abundances and the main characteristics. Only brief indications are given about possible applications. More details are presented in the other volumes of this series. A few isotopes are mentioned only briefly, as they are of little relevance to water studies. Based on their half-life, the isotopes concerned can be subdivided: 1) stable isotopes of some elements (He, Li, B, N, S, Cl), of which the abundance variations point to certain geochemical and hydrogeological processes, and which can be applied as tracers in the hydrological systems, 2) radioactive isotopes with half-lives exceeding the age of the universe (232Th, 235U, 238U), 3) radioactive isotopes with shorter half-lives, mainly daughter nuclides of the previous catagory of isotopes, 4) radioactive isotopes with shorter half-lives that are of cosmogenic origin, i.e. that are being produced in the atmosphere by interactions of cosmic radiation particles with atmospheric molecules (7Be, 10Be, 26Al, 32Si, 36Cl, 36Ar, 39Ar, 81Kr, 85Kr, 129I) (Lal and Peters, 1967). The isotopes can also be distinguished by their chemical characteristics: 1) the isotopes of noble gases (He, Ar, Kr) play an important role, because of their solubility in water and because of their chemically inert and thus conservative character. Table 12.1 gives the solubility values in water (data from Benson and Krause, 1976); the table also contains the atmospheric concentrations (Andrews, 1992: error in his Eq.4, where Ti/(T1) should read (Ti/T)1); 2) another category consists of the isotopes of elements that are only slightly soluble and have very low concentrations in water under moderate conditions (Be, Al). -
Yoko Ono Albumi Lista (Diskografia & Aikajana)
Yoko Ono Albumi Lista (Diskografia & Aikajana) https://fi.listvote.com/lists/music/albums/unfinished-music-no.-1%3A-two-virgins- Unfinished Music No. 1: Two Virgins 777742/songs Wedding Album https://fi.listvote.com/lists/music/albums/wedding-album-631765/songs Unfinished Music No. 2: Life with the https://fi.listvote.com/lists/music/albums/unfinished-music-no.-2%3A-life-with-the-lions- Lions 976426/songs Yoko Ono/Plastic Ono Band https://fi.listvote.com/lists/music/albums/yoko-ono%2Fplastic-ono-band-507672/songs Season of Glass https://fi.listvote.com/lists/music/albums/season-of-glass-3476814/songs Feeling the Space https://fi.listvote.com/lists/music/albums/feeling-the-space-3067999/songs Approximately Infinite Universe https://fi.listvote.com/lists/music/albums/approximately-infinite-universe-1749449/songs Fly https://fi.listvote.com/lists/music/albums/fly-616152/songs Take Me to the Land of Hell https://fi.listvote.com/lists/music/albums/take-me-to-the-land-of-hell-15131565/songs Between My Head and the Sky https://fi.listvote.com/lists/music/albums/between-my-head-and-the-sky-4899102/songs Starpeace https://fi.listvote.com/lists/music/albums/starpeace-7602195/songs https://fi.listvote.com/lists/music/albums/it%27s-alright-%28i-see-rainbows%29- It's Alright (I See Rainbows) 3155778/songs A Story https://fi.listvote.com/lists/music/albums/a-story-2819918/songs Rising https://fi.listvote.com/lists/music/albums/rising-7336112/songs Yokokimthurston https://fi.listvote.com/lists/music/albums/yokokimthurston-8054655/songs Walking on Thin -
Sims Reed Ltd. AUTUMN
Sims Reed Ltd. AUTUMN - 2 0 2 0 - 1. CHARLES I. The Most Remarkable Transactions of the Reign of Charles I. London. Printed & Sold by Thos. & John Bowles Printsellers. 1727 / 1728. Oblong folio. (474 x 616 mm). [10 unnumbered leaves]. 10 large etchings with engraving on thick laid paper, each with title in English and French and parallel explanatory text by various engravers after various artists (see below), the first two etchings with publisher's details at head; sheet size: 468 x 608 mm. Contemporary straight-grained red morocco, front and rear boards with highly elaborate decorative tooled borders with larger tooled corner pieces to surround large central astral vignette com- posed of small astral tools, banded spine in 14 compartments with elaborate decorative tooling and gilt presentation, marbled endpapers, a.e.g. A remarkable complete set of excellent impressions of the rare series of plates illustrating the life of Charles I, here in a superlative decorative presentation binding of contemporary red morocco. This series, presented from a strongly sympathetic royalist perspective, depicts 10 tableaux from the life of Charles I, be- ginning with his marriage to Henrietta Maria of France in 1625 and concluding with his execution and, pace the title of the plate, his Apotheosis. Even if the images themselves did not stress the romantic tragedy, the engraved text beneath each - in English for a domestic and French for a continental audience - provides ample detail concerning the sufferings of the mis- understood, otherworldly and much put upon Royal Martyr. Bathos (pathos!) aside, the series in nevertheless a triumph of engraving, a superb example of pictorial biography and several of the plates are superlative masterpieces of invention. -
Investigation of Nitrogen Cycling Using Stable Nitrogen and Oxygen Isotopes in Narragansett Bay, Ri
University of Rhode Island DigitalCommons@URI Open Access Dissertations 2014 INVESTIGATION OF NITROGEN CYCLING USING STABLE NITROGEN AND OXYGEN ISOTOPES IN NARRAGANSETT BAY, RI Courtney Elizabeth Schmidt University of Rhode Island, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/oa_diss Recommended Citation Schmidt, Courtney Elizabeth, "INVESTIGATION OF NITROGEN CYCLING USING STABLE NITROGEN AND OXYGEN ISOTOPES IN NARRAGANSETT BAY, RI" (2014). Open Access Dissertations. Paper 209. https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/oa_diss/209 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@URI. It has been accepted for inclusion in Open Access Dissertations by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@URI. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INVESTIGATION OF NITROGEN CYCLING USING STABLE NITROGEN AND OXYGEN ISOTOPES IN NARRAGANSETT BAY, RI BY COURTNEY ELIZABETH SCHMIDT A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN OCEANOGRAPHY UNIVERSITY OF RHODE ISLAND 2014 DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY DISSERTATION OF COURTNEY ELIZABETH SCHMIDT APPROVED: Thesis Committee: Major Professor Rebecca Robinson Candace Oviatt Arthur Gold Nassar H. Zawia DEAN OF THE GRADUATE SCHOOL UNIVERSITY OF RHODE ISLAND 2014 ABSTRACT Estuaries regulate nitrogen (N) fluxes transported from land to the open ocean through uptake and denitrification. In Narragansett Bay, anthropogenic N loading has increased over the last century with evidence for eutrophication in some regions of Narragansett Bay. Increased concerns over eutrophication prompted upgrades at wastewater treatment facilities (WWTFs) to decrease the amount of nitrogen discharged. The upgrade to tertiary treatment – where bioavailable nitrogen is reduced and removed through denitrification – has occurred at multiple facilities throughout Narragansett Bay’s watershed. -
US Apple LP Releases
Apple by the Numbers U.S. album releases From the collection of Andre Gardner of NY, NY SWBO‐101 The Beatles The Beatles Released: 22 Nov. 1968 (nicknamed "The White Album") In stark contrast to the cover to Sgt. Pepper's LHCB, the cover to this two record set was plain white, with writing only on the spine and in the upper right hand corner of the back cover (indicating that the album was in stereo). This was the first Beatles US album release which was not available in mono. The mono mix, available in the UK, Australia, and several other countries, sounds quite different from the stereo mix. The album title was embossed on the front cover. Inserts included a poster and four glossy pictures (one of each Beatle). The pictures were smaller in size than those issued with the UK album. A tissue paper separator was placed between the pictures and the record. Finally, as in every EMI country, the albums were numbered. In the USA, approximately 3,200,000 copies of the album were numbered. These albums were numbered at the different Capitol factories, and there are differences in the precise nature of the stamping used on the covers. Allegedly, twelve copies with east‐coast covers were made that number "A 0000001". SI = 2 ST 3350 Wonderwall Music George Harrison Released: 03 Dec. 1968 issued with an insert bearing a large Apple on one side. Normal Copy: SI = 2 "Left opening" US copy or copy with Capitol logo: SI = 7 T‐5001 Two Virgins John Lennon & Yoko Ono Released: January, 1969 (a.k.a. -
Using Stable Isotopes of Nitrogen and Carbon to Study Seabird Ecology: Applications in the Mediterranean Seabird Community*
SCI. MAR., 67 (Suppl. 2): 23-32 SCIENTIA MARINA 2003 MEDITERRANEAN SEABIRDS AND THEIR CONSERVATION. E. MÍNGUEZ, D. ORO, E. DE JUANA and A. MARTÍNEZ-ABRAÍN (eds.) Using stable isotopes of nitrogen and carbon to study seabird ecology: applications in the Mediterranean seabird community* MANUELA G. FORERO1 and KEITH A. HOBSON2 1 Instituto Mediterráneo de Estudios Avanzados (CSIC-UIB), C/Miquel Marqués, 21, 07190 Esporles, Mallorca, Spain. E-mail: [email protected] 2 Canadian Wildlife Service, 115 Perimeter Road, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, S7N0X4 SUMMARY: The application of the stable isotope technique to ecological studies is becoming increasingly widespread. In the case of seabirds, stable isotopes of nitrogen and carbon have been mainly used as dietary tracers. This approach relies on the fact that foodweb isotopic signatures are reflected in the tissues of the consumer. In addition to the study of trophic ecology, stable isotopes have been used to track the movement of seabirds across isotopic gradients, as individuals moving between isotopically distinct foodwebs can carry with them information on the location of previous feeding areas. Studies applying the stable isotope methodology to the study of seabird ecology show a clear evolution from broad and descriptive approaches to detailed and individual-based analyses. The purpose of this article is to show the different fields of applica- tion of stable isotopes to the study of the seabird ecology. Finally, we illustrate the utility of this technique by considering the particularities of the Mediterranean seabird community, suggesting different ecological questions and conservation prob- lems that could be addressed by using the stable isotope approach in this community. -
Reviewing Martian Atmospheric Noble Gas Measurements: from Martian Meteorites to Mars Missions
geosciences Review Reviewing Martian Atmospheric Noble Gas Measurements: From Martian Meteorites to Mars Missions Thomas Smith 1,* , P. M. Ranjith 1, Huaiyu He 1,2,3,* and Rixiang Zhu 1,2,3 1 State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Beitucheng Western Road, Box 9825, Beijing 100029, China; [email protected] (P.M.R.); [email protected] (R.Z.) 2 Institutions of Earth Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China 3 College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China * Correspondence: [email protected] (T.S.); [email protected] (H.H.) Received: 10 September 2020; Accepted: 4 November 2020; Published: 6 November 2020 Abstract: Martian meteorites are the only samples from Mars available for extensive studies in laboratories on Earth. Among the various unresolved science questions, the question of the Martian atmospheric composition, distribution, and evolution over geological time still is of high concern for the scientific community. Recent successful space missions to Mars have particularly strengthened our understanding of the loss of the primary Martian atmosphere. Noble gases are commonly used in geochemistry and cosmochemistry as tools to better unravel the properties or exchange mechanisms associated with different isotopic reservoirs in the Earth or in different planetary bodies. The relatively low abundance and chemical inertness of noble gases enable their distributions and, consequently, transfer mechanisms to be determined. In this review, we first summarize the various in situ and laboratory techniques on Mars and in Martian meteorites, respectively, for measuring noble gas abundances and isotopic ratios. -
TUCI!INÇ Oiy £3.50 ¡Nc
Record Mirror, December27,1g80"25 Edited by SUSANNE GARRETT cope - seek help to work through your problem, from any of the above organisations. For moral support, phobics can _ r £ £71173Ac FEAR OF also contact any of the existing self - help groups too: The Phobics Society. C/o Katherine Fisher, 4 Cheltenham Road, Manchester M21 LENNON'S a ION; The Phobic Trust, c/o Venna Gothard 25A The Grove, Coulsdon, PEOPLE Surrey CR3 2BH; The Open Door Ir Association, concentrating on LOT Is that I suffer ! MY problem from a contact The Institute For agoraphobics), 447 Pensby Road, social phobia, androphobia - fear of Behavioural Heswall, Merseyside. With support Psychotherapy; 22 I'm 19 years old, at people. present Queen Anne Street, London W1, you can get through. SINCE John Lennon was shot dead and find it hard unemployed to make (Tel: 01 444 6030); London Centre Reading: See 'Phobias', by Joy outside his home in New York, friends In any social situation. For Psychotherapy Melville, Unwin Paperbacks, (01.25). we've been inundated with callers any way that Ltd, 19 Is there this phobia, Fitzlohn's Avenue, London NW5 wanting to know what he's written, be treated, and, if can so, how can I SJY; British Society of WHAT A HEEL! when and how to gel hold of it. So obtain help? Can my doctor do Hypnotherapists, here's a discography and book list 51 Queen Anne - dress anything for me? Being able to make Street, I'VE been invited to a fancy to help you all out. Eyes down for London W1, (Tel; 01 435 party at where dress has friends is necessary for my survival.