Investigating the Antiproliferative Activity of Synthetic Troponoids Eric R
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Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Analyst. This Journal Is © the Royal Society of Chemistry 2017
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Analyst. This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2017 Supplemental Table 2. Proteins Increased in Either Blood or Horizon media Table 2A. Proteins Increased in Spores Produced on Horizon Soil Over Spores Produced on Blood Medium quasi.fdr Protein Protein Class/Name KEGG Pathway Names or Function (if ID Pathways found in KEGG) Amino Acid Metabolism bat00250, bat00280, Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, bat00410, Valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation, bat00640, beta-Alanine metabolism to acetyl CoA, 4.50E-07 BAS0310 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase bat00650 Propanoate metabolism, Butanoate metabolism bat00270, bat00330, Cysteine and methionine metabolism, Arginine bat00410, and proline metabolism, beta-Alanine 3.84E-10 BAS5060 spermidine synthase bat00480 metabolism, Glutathione metabolism bat00270, bat00330, Cysteine and methionine metabolism, Arginine bat00410, and proline metabolism, beta-Alanine 2.30E-09 BAS5219 spermidine synthase bat00480 metabolism, Glutathione metabolism bat00250, Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, 6.94E-07 BAS0561 alanine dehydrogenase bat00430 Taurine and hypotaurine metabolism bat00250, Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, 5.23E-07 BAS4521 alanine dehydrogenase bat00430 Taurine and hypotaurine metabolism 0.005627 BAS5218 agmatinase, putative bat00330 Arginine and proline metabolism 2,3,4,5-tetrahydropyridine-2- carboxylate N-succinyltransferase, 1.40E-10 BAS3891 putative bat00300 Lysine biosynthesis bat00010, bat00020, Glycolysis -
Western Red Cedar Report
Forintek Canada Corp. Western Division 2665 East Mall Vancouver, BC V6T 1W5 Maximizing Natural Durability of Western Red-cedar: Beyond Thujaplicins by Jean Clark Bob Daniels Paul Morris Mycological Technologist Wood Chemistry Analyst Group Leader Durability and Protection Durability and Protection Durability and Protection Prepared for March 2004 Recipient Agreement Number: R04-013 Research Program Date: March 2004 C. R. Daniels Janet Ingram Jean Cook Acting Project Leader Reviewed Department Manager Maximizing Natural Durability of Western Red-cedar: Beyond Thujaplicins Confidential Summary Western red-cedar (WRC, Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don) wood was extracted sequentially with six solvents using two extraction methods. The extracts were prepared for subsequent bioassay and analysed by high performance liquid chromatography for known bioactive compound concentrations. To focus identification of the extractives on those with bioactive properties, it was necessary to develop a micro-bioassay that would allow the biological activity of the unknown compounds present to be determined using minute quantities of each extracted constituent. The initial proposed technique utilised the loss of birefringence that occurs when decay fungi disrupt the crystalline cellulose structure as wood decays. Microtome sections of perishable sapwood were treated with microgram amounts of T. plicata heartwood compounds prior to exposure to decay fungi. The efficacy of the applied extract was then to be measured relative to the birefringence loss in untreated pine sapwood. Validation of the technique required standardisation of a number of variables. Over 600 thin sections of ponderosa pine sapwood were cut and exposed to three different fungi, plus non-infected controls, under varying conditions of section thickness and orientation, media and growth conditions, viz, on grids or sterile microscope slides, with and without cover-slips, and with and without supplemental nitrogen, for six different incubation periods. -
Transfer of Pseudomonas Plantarii and Pseudomonas Glumae to Burkholderia As Burkholderia Spp
INTERNATIONALJOURNAL OF SYSTEMATICBACTERIOLOGY, Apr. 1994, p. 235-245 Vol. 44, No. 2 0020-7713/94/$04.00+0 Copyright 0 1994, International Union of Microbiological Societies Transfer of Pseudomonas plantarii and Pseudomonas glumae to Burkholderia as Burkholderia spp. and Description of Burkholderia vandii sp. nov. TEIZI URAKAMI, ’ * CHIEKO ITO-YOSHIDA,’ HISAYA ARAKI,’ TOSHIO KIJIMA,3 KEN-ICHIRO SUZUKI,4 AND MU0KOMAGATA’T Biochemicals Division, Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co., Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105, Niigata Research Laboratory, Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co., Tayuhama, Niigatu 950-31, ’Plant Pathological Division of Biotechnology, Tochigi Agricultural Experiment Station, Utsunomiya 320, Japan Collection of Microorganisms, The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-01,4 and Institute of Molecular Cell and Biology, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113,’ Japan Plant-associated bacteria were characterized and are discussed in relation to authentic members of the genus Pseudomonas sensu stricto. Bacteria belonging to Pseudomonas rRNA group I1 are separated clearly from members of the genus Pseudomonas sensu stricto (Pseudomonasfluorescens rRNA group) on the basis of plant association characteristics, chemotaxonomic characteristics, DNA-DNA hybridization data, rRNA-DNA hy- bridization data, and the sequences of 5s and 16s rRNAs. The transfer of Pseudomonas cepacia, Pseudomonas mallei, Pseudomonas pseudomallei, Pseudomonas caryophylli, Pseudomonas gladioli, Pseudomonas pickettii, and Pseudomonas solanacearum to the new genus Burkholderia is supported; we also propose that Pseudomonas plantarii and Pseudomonas glumae should be transferred to the genus Burkholderia. Isolate VA-1316T (T = type strain) was distinguished from Burkholderia species on the basis of physiological characteristics and DNA-DNA hybridization data. A new species, Burkholderia vandii sp. -
Medical Botany 6: Active Compounds, Continued- Safety, Regulations
Medical Botany 6: Active compounds, continued- safety, regulations Anthocyanins / Anthocyanins (Table 5I) O Anthocyanidins (such as malvidin, cyanidin), agrocons of anthocyanins (such as malvidin 3-O- glucoside, cyanidin 3-O-glycoside). O All carry cyanide main structure (aromatic structure). ▪ Introducing or removing the hydroxyl group (-OH) from the structure, The methylation of the structure (-OCH3, methoxyl group), etc. reactants and color materials are shaped. It is commonly found in plants (plant sap). O Flowers, leaves, fruits give their colors (purple, red, red, lilac, blue, purple, pink). O The plant's color is related to the pH of the cell extract. O Red color anthocyanins are blue, blue-purple in alkaline conditions. O Effects of many factors in color As the pH increases, the color becomes blue. the phenyl ring attached to C2; • As the OH number increases, the color becomes blue, • color increases as the methoxyl group increases. O Combination of flavonoids and anthocyanins produces blue shades. There are 6 anthocyanidins, more prevalent among ornamental-red. 3 of them are hydroxylated (delfinine, pelargonidine, cyanidin), 3 are methoxylated (malvidin, peonidin, petunidin). • Orange-colored pelargonidin related. O A hydroxyl group from cyanide contains less. • Lilac, purple, blue color is related to delphinidin. It contains a hydroxyl group more than cyanide. • Three anthocyanidines are common in methyl ether; From these; Peonidine; Cyanide, Malvidin and petunidin; Lt; / RTI & gt; derivative. O They help to pollinize animals for what they are attracted to. Anthocyanins and anthocyanidins are generally anti-inflammatory, cell and tissue protective in mammals. O Catches and removes active oxygen groups (such as O2 * -, HO *) and prevents oxidation. -
Characterization of Polyphenol Oxidase and Antioxidants from Pawpaw (Asimina Tribola) Fruit
University of Kentucky UKnowledge University of Kentucky Master's Theses Graduate School 2007 CHARACTERIZATION OF POLYPHENOL OXIDASE AND ANTIOXIDANTS FROM PAWPAW (ASIMINA TRIBOLA) FRUIT Caodi Fang University of Kentucky, [email protected] Right click to open a feedback form in a new tab to let us know how this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Fang, Caodi, "CHARACTERIZATION OF POLYPHENOL OXIDASE AND ANTIOXIDANTS FROM PAWPAW (ASIMINA TRIBOLA) FRUIT" (2007). University of Kentucky Master's Theses. 477. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_theses/477 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at UKnowledge. It has been accepted for inclusion in University of Kentucky Master's Theses by an authorized administrator of UKnowledge. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ABSTRACT OF THESIS CHARACTERIZATION OF POLYPHENOL OXIDASE AND ANTIOXIDANTS FROM PAWPAW (ASIMINA TRIBOLA) FRUIT Crude polyphenol oxidase (PPO) was extracted from pawpaw (Asimina triloba) fruit. The enzyme exhibited a maximum activity at pH 6.5–7.0 and 5–20 °C, and had -1 a maximum catalysis rate (Vmax) of 0.1363 s and a reaction constant (Km) of 0.3266 M. It was almost completely inactivated when incubated at 80 °C for 10 min. Two isoforms of PPO (MW 28.2 and 38.3 kDa) were identified by Sephadex gel filtration chromatography and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Both the concentration and the total activity of the two isoforms differed (P < 0.05) between seven genotypes of pawpaw tested. Thermal stability (92 °C, 1–5 min) and colorimetry (L* a* b*) analyses showed significant variations between genotypes. -
3. Methodology
3. METHODOLOGY The present study focused on the responses evoked by B. monnieri under conditions of oxidative stress. The plan of work and the methodology adopted are presented in this chapter. The work was carried out in four phases. In Phase I, different parts of B. monnieri , namely leaves, stolon and roots, were assessed for their antioxidant potential and free radical scavenging activity. The biomolecular protective effects and the apoptosis- modulating effects of the leaf extract in cell free and in vitro systems were studied in Phase II. Phase III involved assessing the antioxidant status in precision-cut liver slices exposed to oxidative stress and confirming the results in experimental animals. In the final phase of the study, phytochemical analysis of the active component in B. monnieri leaves was carried out. The layout of the study is presented below. PHASE I In this phase, the antioxidant status in different parts of B. monnieri was assessed. The leaves, stolon and roots of the plantlets were collected from the plants grown in pots in the University campus. They were washed thoroughly in running tap water in order to remove any dirt or soil particles adhered and blotted gently between folds of tissue paper to remove any water droplets. Both enzymic and non-enzymic antioxidants were analysed in all the three parts of the plant. ENZYMIC ANTIOXIDANTS The enzymic antioxidants analyzed in the parts of B. monnieri w ere superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase and polyphenol oxidase. ASSAY OF SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE (SOD) SOD was assayed according to the method of Kakkar et al. -
Caomatograpby
rOURNAL DF LIQUID CaOMATOGRAPBY VOLUME 18 NUMBER 7 1995 ~ditor: DR. JACK CAZES ~ssociate Editors: DR. HALEEM J. ISSAQ DR. STEVEN H. WONG Special Section on CAPILlARY ZONE ELECTROPHORESIS AND REIATED TECHNIQUES Edited by HALEEM J. ISSAQ NCI-Frederick Cancer Research & Development Center Frederick, Maryland JOURNAL OF LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY April 1995 Aims and Scope. The journal publishes papers involving the applications of liquid chromatography to the solution of problems in all areas of science and technology, both analytical and preparative, as well as papers that deal specifically with liquid chromatography as a science within itself. Included will be thin-layer chromatography and all models of liquid chromatography. IdentiilCation Statement. Journal of Liquid Chromatography (lSSN: 0148-3919) is published semimonthly except monthly in May, August, October, and December for the institutional rate of $1,450.00 and the individual rate of $725.00 by Marcel Dekker, Inc., P.O. Box 5005, Monticello, NY 12701-5185. Second Class postage paid at Monticello, NY. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to Journal ofLiquid Chromatography, P.O. Box 5005, Monticello, NY 12701-5185. Individual Foreign Postage Professionals' Institutional and Student Airmail Airmail Volume Issues Rate Rate Surface to Europe to Asia 18 20 $1,450.00 $725.00 $70.00 $110.00 $130.00 Individual professionals' and student orders must be prepaid by personal check or may be charged to MasterCard, VISA, or American Express. Please mail payment with your order to: Marcel Dekker Journals, P.O. Box 5017, Monticello, New York 12701-5176. CODEN: JLCHD8 18(7) i-iv, 1273-1494 (1995) ISSN: 0148-3919 Printed in the U.S.A. -
Polyphenol Oxidases in Plants and Fungi: Going Places? a Review
PHYTOCHEMISTRY Phytochemistry 67 (2006) 2318–2331 www.elsevier.com/locate/phytochem Review Polyphenol oxidases in plants and fungi: Going places? A review Alfred M. Mayer Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel Received 3 June 2006; received in revised form 22 July 2006 Available online 14 September 2006 Abstract The more recent reports on polyphenol oxidase in plants and fungi are reviewed. The main aspects considered are the structure, dis- tribution, location and properties of polyphenol oxidase (PPO) as well as newly discovered inhibitors of the enzyme. Particular stress is given to the possible function of the enzyme. The cloning and characterization of a large number of PPOs is surveyed. Although the active site of the enzyme is conserved, the amino acid sequence shows very considerable variability among species. Most plants and fungi PPO have multiple forms of PPO. Expression of the genes coding for the enzyme is tissue specific and also developmentally controlled. Many inhibitors of PPO have been described, which belong to very diverse chemical structures; however, their usefulness for controlling PPO activity remains in doubt. The function of PPO still remains enigmatic. In plants the positive correlation between levels of PPO and the resistance to pathogens and herbivores is frequently observed, but convincing proof of a causal relationship, in most cases, still has not been published. Evidence for the induction of PPO in plants, particularly under conditions of stress and pathogen attack is consid- ered, including the role of jasmonate in the induction process. A clear role of PPO in a least two biosynthetic processes has been clearly demonstrated. -
Supplementary Table S1. Table 1. List of Bacterial Strains Used in This Study Suppl
Supplementary Material Supplementary Tables: Supplementary Table S1. Table 1. List of bacterial strains used in this study Supplementary Table S2. List of plasmids used in this study Supplementary Table 3. List of primers used for mutagenesis of P. intermedia Supplementary Table 4. List of primers used for qRT-PCR analysis in P. intermedia Supplementary Table 5. List of the most highly upregulated genes in P. intermedia OxyR mutant Supplementary Table 6. List of the most highly downregulated genes in P. intermedia OxyR mutant Supplementary Table 7. List of the most highly upregulated genes in P. intermedia grown in iron-deplete conditions Supplementary Table 8. List of the most highly downregulated genes in P. intermedia grown in iron-deplete conditions Supplementary Figures: Supplementary Figure 1. Comparison of the genomic loci encoding OxyR in Prevotella species. Supplementary Figure 2. Distribution of SOD and glutathione peroxidase genes within the genus Prevotella. Supplementary Table S1. Bacterial strains Strain Description Source or reference P. intermedia V3147 Wild type OMA14 isolated from the (1) periodontal pocket of a Japanese patient with periodontitis V3203 OMA14 PIOMA14_I_0073(oxyR)::ermF This study E. coli XL-1 Blue Host strain for cloning Stratagene S17-1 RP-4-2-Tc::Mu aph::Tn7 recA, Smr (2) 1 Supplementary Table S2. Plasmids Plasmid Relevant property Source or reference pUC118 Takara pBSSK pNDR-Dual Clonetech pTCB Apr Tcr, E. coli-Bacteroides shuttle vector (3) plasmid pKD954 Contains the Porpyromonas gulae catalase (4) -
Supporting Information
Supporting Information Lee et al. 10.1073/pnas.0903619106 SI Materials and Methods The tobramycin sensitivities for strains expressing the rmtD Plasmids. Plasmid p(amgRSϩ) was constructed by inserting a 2.4 ribosomal methylase gene were determined by a 2-fold broth kb PCR fragment carrying the region from 206 bp upstream of dilution test. Inocula were prepared by growing cells at 37 °C for the amgR start codon to 60 bp downstream of the amgS 16 h in LB lacking NaCl. Cells were diluted to approximately ϫ 6 termination codon into a derivative of pUCP19 (1). Plasmid 3.3 10 cells/ml based on OD600. After a 90 min incubation at 37 °C, 10 l aliquots were distributed to wells (in 96-well format) pRmtD was constructed by inserting the 2.3 kb HindIII-XbaI fragment carrying rmtD from pPA95B1 (2) into a derivative of containing 125 l LB buffered with 0.1 M MOPS at pH 7.6 pUCP19 (1). Plasmids used for complementation studies (Table containing different concentrations of tobramycin. MICs were 1) were constructed in pUCP19 derivatives by inserting PCR determined after incubation for 24 h at 37 °C. fragments corresponding to the genes tested. Plasmid pIbsC was Transcriptional Profiling. MPAO1 and ⌬amgRS transcriptomes constructed by inserting a 1.8 kb PCR fragment carrying the were compared under tobramycin-treated and -untreated con- arabinose-inducible ibsC construct (P -ibsC) from pAZ3-ibsC bad ditions. Samples were prepared in duplicate from independent (3) into a derivative of pUCP19 (4), resulting in pIbsC. The cultures grown in 15 ml LB lacking NaCl. -
Generate Metabolic Map Poster
Authors: Pallavi Subhraveti Anamika Kothari Quang Ong Ron Caspi An online version of this diagram is available at BioCyc.org. Biosynthetic pathways are positioned in the left of the cytoplasm, degradative pathways on the right, and reactions not assigned to any pathway are in the far right of the cytoplasm. Transporters and membrane proteins are shown on the membrane. Ingrid Keseler Peter D Karp Periplasmic (where appropriate) and extracellular reactions and proteins may also be shown. Pathways are colored according to their cellular function. Csac1394711Cyc: Candidatus Saccharibacteria bacterium RAAC3_TM7_1 Cellular Overview Connections between pathways are omitted for legibility. Tim Holland TM7C00001G0420 TM7C00001G0109 TM7C00001G0953 TM7C00001G0666 TM7C00001G0203 TM7C00001G0886 TM7C00001G0113 TM7C00001G0247 TM7C00001G0735 TM7C00001G0001 TM7C00001G0509 TM7C00001G0264 TM7C00001G0176 TM7C00001G0342 TM7C00001G0055 TM7C00001G0120 TM7C00001G0642 TM7C00001G0837 TM7C00001G0101 TM7C00001G0559 TM7C00001G0810 TM7C00001G0656 TM7C00001G0180 TM7C00001G0742 TM7C00001G0128 TM7C00001G0831 TM7C00001G0517 TM7C00001G0238 TM7C00001G0079 TM7C00001G0111 TM7C00001G0961 TM7C00001G0743 TM7C00001G0893 TM7C00001G0630 TM7C00001G0360 TM7C00001G0616 TM7C00001G0162 TM7C00001G0006 TM7C00001G0365 TM7C00001G0596 TM7C00001G0141 TM7C00001G0689 TM7C00001G0273 TM7C00001G0126 TM7C00001G0717 TM7C00001G0110 TM7C00001G0278 TM7C00001G0734 TM7C00001G0444 TM7C00001G0019 TM7C00001G0381 TM7C00001G0874 TM7C00001G0318 TM7C00001G0451 TM7C00001G0306 TM7C00001G0928 TM7C00001G0622 TM7C00001G0150 TM7C00001G0439 TM7C00001G0233 TM7C00001G0462 TM7C00001G0421 TM7C00001G0220 TM7C00001G0276 TM7C00001G0054 TM7C00001G0419 TM7C00001G0252 TM7C00001G0592 TM7C00001G0628 TM7C00001G0200 TM7C00001G0709 TM7C00001G0025 TM7C00001G0846 TM7C00001G0163 TM7C00001G0142 TM7C00001G0895 TM7C00001G0930 Detoxification Carbohydrate Biosynthesis DNA combined with a 2'- di-trans,octa-cis a 2'- Amino Acid Degradation an L-methionyl- TM7C00001G0190 superpathway of pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotides de novo biosynthesis (E. -
United States Patent (19) [11] Patent Number: 5,658,584 Yamaguchi 45) Date of Patent: Aug
US005658584A United States Patent (19) [11] Patent Number: 5,658,584 Yamaguchi 45) Date of Patent: Aug. 19, 1997 54 ANTIMICROBIAL COMPOSITIONS WITH 2-243607 9/1990 Japan ............................. AON 37/10 HNOKTOL AND CTRONELLCACD 4-182408 6/1992 Japan ............................. A01N 6500 5-271073 10/1993 Japan ............................. A61K 31/40 75 Inventor: Yuzo Yamaguchi, Kanagawa, Japan OTHER PUBLICATIONS 73) Assignee: Takasago international Corporation, Tokyo, Japan ROKURO, World Patent Abstract of JP 6048936, Feb. 1994. Osada et al., Patent Abstracts of Japan, JP 3077801, 1991. 21 Appl. No.: 513,181 Osamu Okuda, Koryo Kagaku Soran (Fragrance Chemistry 22 Filed: Aug. 9, 1995 Comprehensive Bibliography) (II), published by Hirokawa Shoten, (1963) p. 1140. (30) Foreign Application Priority Data Yuzo Yamaguchi, Fragrance Journal, No. 46, (1981) Aug. 19, 1994 JP Japan .................................... 6-216686 (Japan) pp. 56-59. (51] Int. Cl. .............. A01N 25/00; A01N 25/06; A01N 25/02; A01N 25/08 Primary Examiner-Edward J. Webman (52) U.S. Cl. ......................... 424/405; 424/404; 424/408; Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Sughrue, Mion, Zinn, Macpeak 424/410; 424/414 & Seas 58 Field of Search ................................. 424/400, 405, 57 ABSTRACT 424/45, 408, 414, 410, 404 An antimicrobial composition containing a mixture of hino 56) References Cited kitiol and citronellic acid in a ratio of about 1:1 to about 3:1 by weight. The antimicrobial composition according to the U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS invention is safe for humans and has a high antimicrobial 4,645,536 2/1987 Butler ................................... 106/15.05 activity and a broad antimicrobial spectrum, and is widely 5,053,222 10/1991 Takasu et al.