Toilets and More…
Reference Manual
Rajiv Gandhi National Drinking Water Mission Department of Drinking Water Supply November 2008 Ministry of Rural Development Government of India New Delhi
Poor Sanitation – Poor Health New Delhi – Poorer People
A Unclean Village with open Defecation Practice
Unsafe water and insanitary conditions can cause….
=? Diarrhoea
=?? Dysentry
=?? Jaundice
=?? Paralysis of limbs
=?? Hookworm diseases causing weakness/ anemia
Malnutrition further increases 30.7% & 21.1% Central Bureau of Health the disease burden with global children are Intelligence, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare (2002-03) insanitary conditions deprived of proper sanitation and water reports As per World Health Report =? Of all communicable (2001), water, sanitation and Unicef diseases, 29% shared by hygiene related ill health diarrhoeal diseases amounted to 3.9% of the =? 10.5 million cases of total global deaths and 5.6% Cleaning of Septic Tanks diarrhea reported and 4,709 of DALYs (Disability-Adjusted is a Hazardous Task deaths occurred Life year). ? 2,893 cholera cases According to WHO (2001), reported there are more than 2 million =??India is the second largest deaths and 59.7 million SALYs number of polio cases in the world. lost due to diarrhea. =??Number of viral hepatitis cases was more than 4 lakh
Improper Solid and liquid waste management leads to various diseases like malaria, Chicken guniya, etc.
1 Sanitation Ladder 16-21 Nov. '08
58% 60% 44% 50% 40%
40% 28%
30% 22%
20% 9%
10% 1%
0% Ecological Year Sanitation Increasing Access to Rural Sanitation in India
100 90
80
70 Urine Diversion
60 e g Latrine ta n 50 e rc e P 40
30
20
10
0 Pour Flush Latrine
State-wise Sanitation 1000 Coverage in India 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 Jai Swachatha 200 Ventilated 100 0 Jai Hind Improved Pit 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ------0 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 - - 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 7 2 2 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 2 2
Increasing Government Investment
Simple Pit Latrine
Open Defecation Into A Pit
Number of Gram Panchayats achieving Nirmal Gram Puraskar for achieving Open Open Defecation defecation free status Nirmal Gram Puraskar to Sanitation Revolution 2 New Delhi Toilet Menu
No Cost No Water Low Cost Low Water
Tradition al Ladaki Leach pit latrines with steep pan with seal of only 10-20 mm Ecosan Toilet
Steep Slope
High Cost Low Water High Cost High Water High Cost No Water
A Steep Pan With Pucca Water Closets, Glamarooms Super Structure
Vacuum Toilets Space Toilet Ecological Sanitation
3 Baby-friendly and 16-21 Nov. '08 Gender-friendly Toilets
Baby Friendly Anganwadi Toilets Toilet for Specially Abled Persons
Pre-School Potty
Menstrual Hygiene Eco-toilets in Tsunami Affected Area
Menstrual Hygiene
4 New Delhi Ecological Sanitation
Conventional Loop – Open Ended Ecosan – Closing the Loop Traditional Ecosan – Spiti & Leh
First Ecosan Toilet Urine Diversion Eco-san Ecosan Toilet & Bathroom
Backwashing of Contaminants Ecosan for The Old Aged Musiri – First Use and Get Paid by Roof Water Harvesting
5 Convergence Issues 16-21 Nov. '08
Rural Water Supply with National Rural Health Mission
Gender Friendly Girl Child Awareness for IEC Toilets Attendance Hand Washing
Total Sanitation Campaign with Sarva Siksha Abhiyan
Asha Worker to Test Domestic Chlorination Extended IEC Water Quality and Conduct Sanitary Survey 6 New Delhi Solid Waste Management
Solid Waste Collection Transportation Dumping
Segregation Aerobic Composting Aerobic Composting & Tilling
Vermi-composting Recycling Pet Bottles Green Belt Development 7 Special Toilets 16-21 Nov. '08
Train Toilet Vacuum Toilets In Flights
Ecosan Toilet Using Solar Energy
Mobile Temporary Solar Composting Toilet Toilet
8 New Delhi Sanitation Beyond Toilet
To produce 250 kg of cereals, 7.5 kg of chemical fertilizer is required.
In 500 litres of urine and 50 litres of faeces, the nutrient content (N, P and K) available is 6.3 kg.
Urine Collection Urine Collection
Diluted Urine Application Rich Harvest
Bio-gassifier Earning Carbon Credits (Andhyodaya) Toilet Linked Bio-gas Plant Rich Harvest
9 Sanitation and Dignity 16-21 Nov. '08
Torch bearer of Sanitation Leading the Campaign
Dinesh, a 13 year old boy from Rajasthan built a toilet to protect the dignity of his elder sister Role of Sanitation worker Learning composting techniques
INDIA NEEDS MANY MORE DINESH'ES. LET US INVEST IN OUR CHILDREN AND THEIR FUTURE FOR NIRMAL BHARAT
Collective Decision of Sarpanches Teaching hygiene habits to the family 10 Nirmal Gram Puraskar New Delhi Sanitation Movement
HE The President of India awarding NGP to Panchayat President from the remotest corner of the Country, Ladakh
CELEBRATING SUCCESS HE The President with NGP awardees at Guwahati, 20/10/2008
From 40 Panchayats in 2005, 11,200 Panchayats Access to safe sanitation has increased got selected for Nirmal Gram Puraskar (NGP) from 22% in 2001 to 58% in 2008
NGP has now turned into Sanitation Revolution Happy NGP awardees - shortly to launch another incentive award for creating drinking water security 11 Nirmal Gram to 16-21 Nov. '08 Nirmal Bharat
Sikkim – Becoming Nirmal Sikkim Very Shortly
Women Empowerment is The View of Nirmal Village Mantra for Nirmal Bharat
12 New Delhi Good Sanitation – Good Health
90.10%
80.10%
70.10%
60.10%
50.10% 2008 IFM 40.10% 2008 TSC 30.10%
20.10%
10.10%
0.10% K Sikkim Lak W T Himachal Pr Andhr ArunachalJammu Pr and K K P er amil Nadu Goa Punjab Ut Madh arna Rajas Daman andondicherry Diu D & N Ha es t ala shadw t Beng ar Pr a Pr t than ya Pr ak adesh a eep adesh veli al adesh adesh adesh ashmir
By comparing 2008 TSC progress status with Infant Mortality in 2008 across the states, is observed that broad trend that IFM decreases as TSC coverage goes up is seen. The statistical correlation is -41.65 which is considered quite strong.
TSC coverage in 2008 vs Rural Female Literacy
120.00%
100.00%
80.00%
60.00%
40.00%
20.00%
0.00% K T Lak W T Himachal PrGoa Punjab Andhr Mahar Ut Meghala Andaman Orissa& Nicobar ChhaIslands P er ripur es amil Nadu ondicherry ala shadw tar t Beng tisg a a Pr ash anchal y arh eep al adesh tr a adesh a
Rural Female Literacy TSC 2008
TSC coverage is directly proportional to the rural female literacy. A strong correlation factor of 56.72 has been observed.
Good Sanitation also ? Reduce drudgery from snake bites ? Greater gender empowerment
13 Good Sanitation – 16-21 Nov. '08 Good Health
Provides Dignity
Better Convenience
Improved Girl Child Enrolment
Overall Increase in Productivity
14
SSAACCOOSSAANN –– IIIIII CCOOUUNNTTRRIIEESS
BANGLADESH AFGHANISTAN BHUTAN
INDIA MALDIVES
SRI LANKA NEPAL 8 5 0 6
PAKISTAN 5 0 1 1 8 9 # R A S
MARCHING TOGETHER FOR FULLY SANITIZED SOUTH ASIAN REGION A L A
SACOSAN-III - DIGNITY AND HEALTH S