Archaeological Desk Based Assessment Land at Weston Road, Upton Grey, Basingstoke
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ARCHAEOLOGICAL DESK BASED ASSESSMENT Land at Weston Road, Upton Grey, Basingstoke, Hampshire July 2014 Planning G Heritage Specialist & Independent Advisors to the Property Industry Local Planning Authority: Basingstoke and Deane Borough Council Site centred at: SU 69400 47890 Author: Sophie Hudson BA (Hons) MA PIfA Report Status: Draft Issue Date: July 2014 CgMs Ref: SH/DH/17647 © CgMs Limited No part of this report is to be copied in any way without prior written consent. Every effort is made to provide detailed and accurate information, however, CgMs Limited cannot be held responsible for errors or inaccuracies within this report. © Ordnance Survey maps reproduced with the sanction of the controller of HM Stationery Office. Licence No: AL 100014723 Archaeological Desk Based Assessment Land at Weston Road, Upton Grey, Basingstoke CONTENTS Executive Summary 1.0 Introduction and Scope of Study 2.0 Planning Background and Development Plan Framework 3.0 Geology and Topography 4.0 Archaeological and Historical Background including map regression exercise 5.0 Site Conditions and the Proposed Development (Impacts on the Buried Archaeological Deposits) 6.0 Summary and Conclusions Sources Consulted Appendix 1: Hampshire HER data map LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Fig. 1 Site location Fig. 2 1791 Milne Map of Hampshire Fig. 3 1794 Upton Grey Enclosure Map Fig. 4 1839 Upton Grey Tithe Map Fig. 5 1871 Ordnance Survey, 1:2,500 scale Fig. 6 1894 Ordnance Survey, 1:2,500 scale Fig. 7 1910 Ordnance Survey, 1:2,500 scale Fig. 8 1947 RAF Aerial Photograph Fig. 9 1961 Ordnance Survey, 1:10,560 scale Fig. 10 1982 Ordnance Survey, 1:10,000 scale Fig. 11 1999 Google Earth Image Fig. 12 2010 Google Earth Image CgMs Consulting 1 SH/DH/17647 Archaeological Desk Based Assessment Land at Weston Road, Upton Grey, Basingstoke EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Land at Weston Road, Upton Grey, Basingstoke has been reviewed for its archaeological potential. In accordance with central and local government planning policy and guidance, a desk based assessment has been undertaken to clarify the archaeological potential of the study site. The proposed development could have an impact on previously unknown below ground archaeological deposits. In the absence of designated and non-designated assets on the site, it is considered that should the Local Planning Authority require any further archaeological mitigation measures these could follow planning consent secured by an archaeological planning condition. CgMs Consulting 2 SH/DH/17647 Archaeological Desk Based Assessment Land at Weston Road, Upton Grey, Basingstoke 1.0 INTRODUCTION AND SCOPE OF STUDY 1.1 This archaeological desk-based assessment has been researched and prepared by Sophie Hudson and edited by Duncan Hawkins of CgMs Consulting on behalf of Antler Homes Plc. 1.2 The subject of this assessment is land at Weston Road, Upton Grey, Basingstoke centred on National Grid Reference SU 69400 47890 (Figure 1). The study site is bounded by Weston Road to the south, residential properties to the east and west, and open fields to the north. 1.3 Antler Homes Plc have commissioned CgMs Consulting to establish to establish the nature of any below ground archaeological assets at the site and to provide guidance on ways to accommodate any archaeological constraints identified. 1.4 In accordance with government policy on archaeology and planning (Section 12 of the National Planning Policy Framework), Basingstoke and Deane Borough Local Plan (1996 – 2011) and the draft Basingstoke and Deane Local Development Framework Core Strategy 2006-2027; this assessment draws together the available archaeological, topographic and land-use information in order to identify any heritage assets and understand the archaeological potential of the site. 1.5 Additionally, in accordance with the ‘Standard and Guidance for Archaeological Desk- Based Assessments’ (Institute for Archaeologists (IfA) 2012), the assessment includes the results of an examination of evidence in the Hampshire Historic Environment Record (HER), English Heritage’s National Monuments Record (NMR) and National Heritage List (NHL), considers published and unpublished material and charts historic land-use through a map regression exercise. 1.6 The assessment thus enables relevant parties to assess the archaeological potential of various parts of the site and enables potential impacts on assets to be identified, along with the need for design, civil engineering or archaeological solutions. CgMs Consulting 3 SH/DH/17647 Archaeological Desk Based Assessment Land at Weston Road, Upton Grey, Basingstoke 2.0 PLANNING BACKGROUND AND DEVELOPMENT PLAN FRAMEWORK 2.1 National legislation regarding archaeology, including scheduled ancient monuments, is contained in the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas (AMAA) Act 1979, amended by the National Heritage Act 1983 and 2002. 2.2 In March 2012, the government published the National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF), which replaces national policy relating to heritage and archaeology (Planning Policy Statement 5: Planning for the Historic Environment). 2.3 Section 12 of the NPPF, entitled Conserving and enhancing the historic environment provides guidance for planning authorities, property owners, developers and others on the conservation and investigation of heritage assets. Overall, the objectives of Section 12 of the NPPF can be summarised as seeking the: Delivery of sustainable development Understanding the wider social, cultural, economic and environmental benefits brought by the conservation of the historic environment Conservation of England's heritage assets in a manner appropriate to their significance, and Recognition that heritage contributes to our knowledge and understanding of the past. 2.4 Section 12 of the NPPF recognises that intelligently managed change may sometimes be necessary if heritage assets are to be maintained for the long term. Paragraph 128 states that planning decisions should be based on the significance of the heritage asset, and that level of detail supplied by an applicant should be proportionate to the importance of the asset and should be no more than sufficient to review the potential impact of the proposal upon the significance of that asset. 2.5 Heritage Assets are defined in Annex 2 of the NPPF as: a building, monument, site, place, area or landscape positively identified as having a degree of significance meriting consideration in planning decisions. They include designated heritage assets (as defined in the NPPF) and assets identified by the local planning authority during the process of decision-making or through the plan-making process. 2.6 Annex 2 also defines Archaeological Interest as a heritage asset which holds or potentially could hold, evidence of past human activity worthy of expert investigation at some point. Heritage assets with archaeological interest are the primary source of CgMs Consulting 4 SH/DH/17647 Archaeological Desk Based Assessment Land at Weston Road, Upton Grey, Basingstoke evidence about the substance and evolution of places, and of the people and cultures that made them. 2.7 A Designated Heritage Asset comprises a: World Heritage Site, Scheduled Monument, Listed Building, Protected Wreck Site, Registered Park and Garden, Registered Battlefield or Conservation Area. 2.8 Significance is defined as: The value of a heritage asset to this and future generations because of its heritage interest. This interest may be archaeological, architectural, artistic or historic. Significance derives not only from a heritage asset’s physical presence, but also from its setting. 2.9 In short, government policy provides a framework which: Protects nationally important designated Heritage Assets (which include World Heritage Sites, Scheduled Ancient Monuments, Listed Buildings, Protected Wreck Sites, Registered Parks and Gardens, Registered Battlefields or Conservation Areas). Protects the settings of such designations. In appropriate circumstances seeks adequate information (from desk based assessment and field evaluation where necessary) to enable informed decisions. Provides for the excavation and investigation of sites not significant enough to merit in-situ preservation. 2.10 In considering any planning application for development, the planning authority will be mindful of the framework set by government policy, in this instance the NPPF, by current Development Plan Policy and by other material considerations. 2.11 Local planning policy is provided for by the Basingstoke and Deane Borough Local Plan (1996 – 2011) which was adopted in July 2006. In June 2009 the secretary of State for Communities and Local Government issued a saving direction for a number of the Local Plan policies of which the following policy is relevant to archaeology and heritage; Landscape Character POLICY E6 PLANNING PERMISSION WILL ONLY BE GRANTED WHERE IT IS DEMONSTRATED THAT THE PROPOSALS WILL BE SYMPATHETIC TO THE LANDSCAPE CHARACTER AND QUALITY OF THE AREA CONCERNED. DEVELOPMENT PROPOSALS SHOULD CONTRIBUTE TO THE REGENERATION, RESTORATION, REPAIR OR CONSERVATION OF ANY LANDSCAPE LIKELY TO BE AFFECTED. IN PARTICULAR THEY SHOULD RESPECT, AND IMPROVE THE FOLLOWING: CgMs Consulting 5 SH/DH/17647 Archaeological Desk Based Assessment Land at Weston Road, Upton Grey, Basingstoke I. THE PARTICULAR QUALITIES OF THE RELEVANT LANDSCAPE CHARACTER AREA AS DEFINED IN THE BASINGSTOKE AND DEANE LANDSCAPE ASSESSMENT; AND II. VISUAL AMENITY AND SCENIC QUALITY; AND III. THE SETTING OF A SETTLEMENT, INCLUDING IMPORTANT VIEWS