DOCSLIB.ORG

Hopewell Village

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Hopewell Village Hopewell Village NATIONAL HISTORIC SITE Pennsylvania chopper for Rutter in 1733. he saved his money Hopewell Furnace on that stream in 1770-71, ware, such as pots and kettles, directly from tised for sheriff's sale in April 1788, and at about and finally went into business for himself. It along the old Birdsboro-Warwick Road. the furnace, in addition to manufacturing pig the same time Bird moved to North Carolina Hopewell Village was in 1740 that he started the construction of The new furnace became the nucleus of Hope­ iron. The first stove castings were flat plates of where he died in comparative poverty. In the his first forge near the mouth of Hay Creek. well Village, a small manorial settlement of iron with tulips, hearts, Biblical figures, and 1790's, during the brief ownership of James Old National Historic Site The spot was destined to become the center of furnacemen, moulders, colliers, teamsters, wheel­ mottoes as decorations. Old stoves, marked who succeeded Bird, Hopewell Furnace recov­ modern, industrial Birdsboro. Within a few wrights, blacksmiths, and wood choppers. Most "Hopewell Furnace," with other representa­ ered somewhat Irom the economic effects of the tive castings, tools, and furnishings of that war. Castings, especially stoves which then UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR years, William Bird had acquired holdings of these employees lived in tenant houses built DOUGLAS McKAY, Secretary totaling about 3,000 acres along Hay Creek; in at the ironmaster's expense, while Bird or his period, are on display at the site. were coming into great demand, brought better National Park Service, Conrad L. Wirth, Director the hills west of the Schuylkill had built the manager at Hopewell occupied the so-called prices. However, it was under the energetic Hopewell Furnace Turing the mansion which still stands in Birdsboro; and Big House, overlooking the furnace. A common direction of Thomas Brooke, who with his Hopewell Village represents the early manorial iron-making communities, from had put three forges into operation. One of store, tenant gardens, and nearby farms oper­ Revolutionary War brother, Matthew, and brother-in-law, Daniel which developed the mighty iron and steel industry of modern America. these he called Hopewell Forge, the first known ated by the Bird family supplied all ordinary With the outbreak of the Revolutionary War, Buckley, acquired the furnace lands in 1800, use of the name in this immediate vicinity. By economic wants. Wagons and other equipment peacetime manufacturing at Hopewell gave way that Hopewell Furnace entered on its era of 1756 his position as an important figure in the were constructed or repaired in the Hopewell to the production of war materials. Mark Bird greatest prosperity. OPEWELL VILLAGE, in colonial times, for the present and future generations a picture social, political, and economic life of eastern shops, and the farm animals and mules used for himself rendered active military service in the H was built around a cold-blast charcoal- of the humble but ingenious beginnings in our The East Years of Hopewell Furnace Pennsylvania was secure. hauling purposes were stabled in the commu­ patriot cause. In August 1776, he fitted out 300 burning iron furnace and associated structures. country of this basic industrial enterprise and nity barns. men of the Second Battalion, Berks County By 1821, twenty-three types of stoves, besides The community life was in some respects sim­ will provide a striking contrast for measuring The Establishment of Hopewell The workmen were largely of Anglo-Saxon militia, at his own expense. Later he went to a variety of other castings and pig iron, were ilar to the manors of medieval Europe and was the growth and magnitude of the modern Furnace stock. Some were indentured servants, but most Washington's aid after the Battle of Brandy- manufactured at Hopewell. And in the record largely self-sustaining. This condition prevailed American iron and steel industry. wine, September 11, 1777. The papers of the blast of 1836 (lasting 14 months and 24 days), at Hopewell beyond the colonial period, little When William Bird died in 1761, his son represented free labor. Life was hard and the Continental Congress show that he also sup­ with well over 150 workmen employed, 720 tons changed, down through the nineteenth century The Early Iron Industry of Mark inherited the family business, which he men literally lived at their jobs. Education, at plied large quantities of food and Hopewell until the furnace was closed permanently in Pennsylvania soon expanded. The following year he went first, was limited to the children of the iron­ of castings and 459 tons of pig iron were pro­ iron to the Confederation, and that in so doing duced. Hopewell Furnace remained in operation 1883, after 113 years of activity. The quiet of The iron industry in America began largely into partnership with George Ross, a promi­ master, who employed a tutor or old school­ he ran heavily into debt. Bird's efforts to collect until 1883, when it was "blow'd out" for the abandonment gradually settled over the place, on "plantations," often comprising several nent Lancaster lawyer, and together they built master. Later, a school was built for the village even part payment were apparently fruitless. A last time. It was never converted to the hot- and it became a ghost community of another thousand acres of woodland and farm land. Mary Ann Furnace, the first iron furnace west children. Itinerant preachers provided what flood on Hay Creek added to the ruin of his blast process, which came into general use after era. Fortunately, the quaint little group of early One of its early centers was the Schuylkill Val­ of the Susquehanna River. Probably as a conse­ there was of religious instruction. property, and currency depreciation struck the 1850 and inaugurated a new era in the iron in­ industrial structures and the surrounding pic­ ley of Pennsylvania, where extensive resources quence of discovering a convenient deposit of Nearly all of the early Pennsylvania furnaces, final blow. Hopewell Furnace was finally adver­ dustry. Castings continued to be made at the turesque houses were preserved, even though of limestone, iron ore, water power, and timber iron ore not far from French Creek, Bird erected Hopewell included, cast stoves and hollow abandoned except for limited farm purposes, for the making of charcoal (all necessary in the because of the isolated nature of the site in the cold-blast process of iron manufacture) were "Big House," Furnace Office, and Furnace. hills back of the Schuylkill River. The restless found within easy reach of navigable rivers and Finch Photo. hand of modern progress scarcely reached this streams. In this region, near Pottstown, Penn­ little vale in the lovely forest-covered hills. sylvania's first bloomery forge was built in Hopewell Village tells the story not of a 1716; and 3 or 4 years later the first blast fur­ single historical event, but rather of a signifi­ nace, Colebrookdale, began operations. Two cant phase of American growth and productive men, Thomas Rutter and Thomas Potts, led effort. From the first attempt at iron-making in the way in these enterprises, and others soon the New World (near Jamestown, in 1619), followed. By 1771 there were more than 50 iron through the days of '76 when an already thriv­ forges and furnaces operating in Pennsylvania. ing industry was able to play its part for inde­ Among the farseeing men whose imagina­ pendence, down to recent times, this story has tions were fired with the idea of building an been an inseparable part of the American saga. American iron empire was William Bird, who "Big House," Ironmaster's Residence. Here is a life-size and authentic display of the came to Pennsylvania in the early eighteenth social, cultural, industrial, and economic en­ century. His exact antecedents are unknown, Hallman Photo. vironment of life in an iron-making community although it is believed that he was born in of early America. Hopewell Village will afford Raritan, N. J., in 1703. Working as a wood Blacksmith Shop. Finch Photo. Tenant House. Hallman Photo. 1772 Hopewell Stove Plate. village until about 1845. After this, under the How To Reach the Site management of Dr. C. M. Clingan, nearly all Hopewell Village National Historic Site is Hopewell pig iron went into various forges in situated 5 miles southeast of Birdsboro, Pa., and Pennsylvania, bringing prices ranging from $28 is reached from the north by U. S. No. 422, to $45 a ton, except in 1864, when demand for State Route 82, and a hard-surfaced county road. it, brought about by the Civil War, skyrocketed From the south it is reached over State Route the price to $99 a ton. From 1870 to 1883, the 23 and a hard-surfaced county road. There is a entire Furnace output went to a Philadelphia station of the Reading Railroad at Birdsboro. carwheel manufacturer. It is probable, therefore, that Hopewell iron has rolled over several of Service to the Public the Nation's transcontinental railroads. Hopewell Village is open to visitors daily After 1883, when the making of cold-blast from 8 a. m. to 4:45 p. m. (from 9 a. m. to 6 p. m. charcoal iron ceased to be profitable and the on Saturdays, Sundays, and holidays, from May works closed down, the adjoining woodland through October). Exhibits of original iron cast­ continued to yield good returns in marketable ings produced at Hopewell Furnace, objects and charcoal for several years. The active days at tools associated with the operation of an eight­ Hopewell were over, however, leaving behind eenth and nineteenth century cold-blast char­ them but a memory of its colorful and useful coal furnace establishment, as well as original past.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • National Register of Historic Places Multiple Property
    NFS Form 10-900-b 0MB No. 1024-0018 (Jan. 1987) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Multipler Propertyr ' Documentation Form NATIONAL This form is for use in documenting multiple property groups relating to one or several historic contexts. See instructions in Guidelines for Completing National Register Forms (National Register Bulletin 16). Complete each item by marking "x" in the appropriate box or by entering the requested information. For additional space use continuation sheets (Form 10-900-a). Type all entries. A. Name of Multiple Property Listing ____Iron and Steel Resources of Pennsylvania, 1716-1945_______________ B. Associated Historic Contexts_____________________________ ~ ___Pennsylvania Iron and Steel Industry. 1716-1945_________________ C. Geographical Data Commonwealth of Pennsylvania continuation sheet D. Certification As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended, J hereby certify that this documentation form meets the National Register documentation standards and sets forth requirements for the listing of related properties consistent with the National Register criteria. This submission meets the procedural and professional requiremerytS\set forth iri36JCFR PafrfsBOfcyid the Secretary of the Interior's Standards for Planning and Evaluation. Signature of certifying official Date / Brent D. Glass Pennsylvania Historical & Museum Commission State or Federal agency and bureau I, hereby, certify that this multiple
    [Show full text]
  • Hopewell Village
    IRONMAKING IN EARLY AMERICA the Revolutionary armies, is representative of (such as Valley Forge) to be made into the tougher the hundreds of ironmaking communities that and less brittle wrought iron. This was used to Hopewell In the early days of colonial America, iron tools supplied the iron needs of the growing nation. make tools, hardware, and horseshoes. and household items were brought over from Europe by the settlers or imported at a high cost. Until surpassed by more modern methods, cold- HOPEWELL FURNACE Village The colonists, early recognizing the need to manu­ blast charcoal-burning furnaces, such as that NATIONAL HISTORIC SITE • PENNSYLVANIA facture their own iron, set up a number of iron­ at Hopewell, supplied all the iron. These furnaces In an age when most businesses were operated by works, notably at Falling Creek, Va., and Saugus, consumed about 1 acre of trees a day for fuel, one or two men in a shop, Hopewell employed at Mass. Operations gradually spread throughout so they had to be located in rural areas close to least 65 men, with some responsible for two or the colonies, and by the end of the 1700's, south­ a timber supply. more jobs. As the nearest town was many miles eastern Pennsylvania had become the industry's away, the ironmaster built a store to supply his center. Hopewell Village, founded by Mark Bird Since the pig iron produced by these furnaces workers, many of whom lived in company-owned in 1770 in time to supply cannon and shot for had a limited use, much of it was sent to forges homes.
    [Show full text]
  • What a Blast Furnace Is and How It Works
    VOLUME II SATURDAY, NOVEMBER I, 1902 NUMBER 18 What a Blast Furnace Is and How It Works Popular Article for the Scientifically Uneducated on the Parts of a Furnace and How Pig Iron Is Made. 1 HE following article on the construc- may be accepted as an accurate statement of how tion and operations of blast furnaces pig iron is made. The editor wishes to take this was written especially for Camp and opportunity to thank these gentlemen for their Plant Mr. A of the by Harry Deuel, painstaking and careful work. Engineering Department of the Min- have articles nequa Works. It was afterwards Arrangements been madefor other carefully revised, and approved in all in "popular," though accurate, form, descriptive details by Mr R. H. Lee, superin- of other departments of the coal, coke, iron and tendent of the Blast Furnace Department, and steel industry. " Boiler House. Engine House. Furnace Stack. Stoves. Blast furnace B. Blast Furnace "A," Minnequa Steel Works, Pueblo. This view well illustrates the different external parts of "A" Furnace of which, except for minor modifica- tions, "D," "E" and "F" are duplicates Each of these furnaces is 20 feet x 95 feet, is fitted with automatic skip hoists and with the very b st and most modern equipment. This vi-w was taken, however, before the ore. coke and limestone bins, from which the skip is now automatically loaded, were installed. There are four stoves to each furnace. 21 feet in diameter by 106 feet high. Each of the tall draft stacks is 12 feet 6 inches in diameter in the clear, by 210 feet high.
    [Show full text]
  • Using Cooled Mirror Hygrometers to Optimize Cold & Hot Blast Furnace
    Application Note Using Cooled Mirror Hygrometers to optimize Cold & Hot Blast Furnace processes Application Background The purpose of a blast furnace is to chemically reduce and physically convert iron oxides into liquid iron. The blast furnace is a huge, steel stack lined with brick. Iron ore, coke and limestone are dumped into the top, and preheated “hot blast” air is blown into the bottom. The raw materials gradually descend to the bottom of the furnace where they become the final products of liquid slag and liquid iron. These liquid products are drained from the furnace at regular intervals. The hot air that was blown into the bottom of the furnace ascends to the top in 6 to 8 seconds after going through numerous chemical reactions. These hot gases exit the top of the blast furnace and proceed through gas cleaning equipment where Cold Blast, Hot blast & Stoves particulate matter is removed from the gas and the gas is cooled. This gas has a considerable energy value so it is burned as a fuel in the "hot blast stoves" which are used to preheat the air entering the blast furnace to become "hot blast". Any of the gas not burned in the stoves is sent to the boiler house and is used to generate steam which turns a turbo blower that generates the compressed air known as "cold blast" that comes to the stoves. Why is Moisture Critical? This process can be optimized by proper control of the flame temperature, which is in turn affected by the moisture content of the blast air.
    [Show full text]
  • Refractory & Engineering
    Refractory & Engineering Solutions for Hot Blast Stoves and Blast Furnace Linings Blast Furnace Technologies Refractory & Engineering The Company – The Program Paul Wurth Refractory & Engineering GmbH has been integrated into the Paul Wurth Group in ` Blast furnace linings for extended service life December 2004. This alliance offers, on a turnkey ` Blast furnace cooling systems basis, single source supply and procurement options for complete blast furnace plants. ` Turnkey hot blast stoves with internal or external combustion chamber Originally, Paul Wurth Refractory & Engineering ` Ceramic burners with ultra-low CO emission GmbH has been founded as DME in 1993 through the merger of departments of Didier-Werke AG ` Highly effective stress corrosion protection and Martin & Pagenstecher GmbH. Customers systems benefit from the unsurpassed experience and ` Complete hot blast main systems know-how that both companies have developed in the field of hot blast stove engineering, refractory ` Complete heat recovery systems lining design, and hot metal production. ` Refractory linings for smelting and direct reduction vessels Paul Wurth Refractory & Engineering GmbH is always striving for world class stove and refractory ` Refractory linings for coke dry quenching designs to meet demanding market requirements, ` Refractory linings for pellet plants such as larger production capacity, extended ser- vice life, optimized refractory selection, and high Highly experienced and motivated teams of engineers, energy efficiency. designers and project managers
    [Show full text]
  • 1Natalija Dolic.Qxd
    Journal of Mining and Metallurgy, 38 (3‡4) B (2002) 123 - 141 STATE OF THE DIRECT REDUCTION AND REDUCTION SMELTING PROCESSES A.Markoti}*, N.Doli}* and V.Truji}** * Faculty of Metallurgy, Aleja narodnih heroja 3, 44 103 Sisak, Croatia ** Copper Institute, Bor, Yugoslavia (Received 5 October 2002; accepted 24 December 2002 ) Abstract For quite a long time efforts have been made to develop processes for producing iron i.e. steel without employing conventional procedures – from ore, coke, blast furnace, iron, electric arc furnace, converter to steel. The insufficient availability and the high price of the coking coals have forced many countries to research and adopt the non-coke-consuming reduction and metal manufacturing processes (non-coke metallurgy, direct reduction, direct processes). This paper represents a survey of the most relevant processes from this domain by the end of 2000, which display a constant increase in the modern process metallurgy. Keywords: iron, coal, direct reduction, reduction smelting, main processes, reduction. 1. Introduction The processes that produce iron by reduction of iron ore below the melting point of the iron produced are generally classified as direct reduction processes, and the product is referred to as direct reduced iron. The processes that produce molten metal, similar to blast furnace liquid metal, directly from ore are referred to as direct smelting processes. In some of the processes the objective is to produce liquid steel directly from ore and these processes are classified as direct steelmaking processes. J. Min. Met. 38 (3 ‡ 4) B (2002) 123 A. Markoti} et al. These broad categories are clearly distinguished by the characteristics of their respective products, although all of these products may be further treated to produce special grades of steel in the same steelmaking or refining process [1].
    [Show full text]
  • NASSAWANGO IRON FURNACE Ca1828-1850 NEAR SNOW HILL, MARYLAND
    NASSAWANGO IRON FURNACE ca1828-1850 NEAR SNOW HILL, MARYLAND A NATIONAL HISTORIC MECHANICAL ENGINEERING LANDMARK OCTOBER 19, 1991 The American Society of Mechanical Engineers FURNACE DelMarVa Group TOWN Nassawango Iron Furnace HISTORY OF NASSAWANGO IRON FURNACE Bog iron was first discovered in the swamps produced over 700 tons of pig iron per year at along Nassawango Creek in the 1780’s and in Nassawango; Spence was also credited with 1828 the Maryland Iron Company was the installation of the hot-blast stove on top of incorporated to extract and process it. In the furnace. 1830, the Company constructed a furnace along the creek at a point roughly four miles Iron was produced at Nassawango until 1847 northwest of its confluence with the when lack of labor and poor market Pocomoke River near Snow Hill, MD. Shortly conditions caused Spence (who fell into thereafter, the Nassawango furnace began financial ruin) to shut down the furnace. The producing pig iron by the cold-blast process. property sat idle from that time forward and was used by successive owners mostly for In 1836, two of the Company’s creditors, the timber rights. In 1962, the heirs of Arthur Milby and Joseph Waples, foreclosed Georgia Smith Foster donated the property to on the property; that same year they sold it to the Worcester County Historical Society Benjamin Jones, a Philadelphia ironmonger. which undertook a systematic long range Jones, who owned other furnaces and had a program to stabilize the furnace and cut back formidable business that bought and sold the plant growth of the previous 100 years.
    [Show full text]
  • Energy Efficiency Improvement and Cost Saving Opportunities for the U.S
    LBNL-4779E ERNEST ORLANDO LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATIONAL LABORATORY Energy Efficiency Improvement and Cost Saving Opportunities for the U.S. Iron and Steel Industry An ENERGY STAR® Guide for Energy and Plant Managers Ernst Worrell, Paul Blinde, Maarten Neelis, Eliane Blomen, and Eric Masanet Environmental Energy Technologies Division Sponsored by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency October 2010 Disclaimer This document was prepared as an account of work sponsored by the United States Government. While this document is believed to contain correct information, neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor The Regents of the University of California, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by its trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof, or The Regents of the University of California. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof, or The Regents of the University of California. Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory is an equal opportunity employer. LBNL-Report Energy Efficiency Improvement and Cost Saving Opportunities for the U.S. Iron and Steel Industry An ENERGY STAR® Guide for Energy and Plant Managers Ernst Worrell, Paul Blinde, Maarten Neelis, Eliane Blomen, and Eric Masanet Energy Analysis Department Environmental Energy Technologies Division Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory University of California Berkeley, CA 94720 October 2010 This work was funded by U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Hot Stove Oxygen-Enriched Combustion in an Iron-Making Plant
    The Swedish and Finnish National Committees of the International Flame Research Foundation – IFRF HOT STOVE OXYGEN-ENRICHED COMBUSTION IN AN IRON-MAKING PLANT Chuan Wang1,*, Andy Cameron2, Axel Bodén1, Jonny Karlsson3, Patrick Lawrence Hooey1,4 1,*Centre for process integration in steelmaking Swerea MEFOS, Luleå, Sweden [email protected] 2Linde Gas, The Priestley Centre, 10 Priestley Road Guildford, Surrey England [email protected] 3SSAB EMEA Luleå Sweden [email protected] 4University of Oulu (Adjunct Professor) Oulun Yliopisto Finland * corresponding author ABSTRACT The presented paper investigates the application of oxygen-enriched combustion in hot stoves in an iron-making plant. The enriched oxygen is used to reduce the consumption of the high calorific value gas of COG while maintaining the same flame temperature in the hot stoves as the reference case. The investigation is carried by using a spreadsheet hot stove model. Compared to the conventional oxygen-enriched combustion, higher stove efficiency can be achieved when heat exchanger is installed to recover the sensible heat in flue gas by preheating combustion air and BFG; higher stove efficiency can also be achieved when parts of flue gas are recirculated to hot stoves. For the studied plant, it indicates that heat exchanger has a better effect than flue gas recirculation in terms of stove efficiency. However, it has been noticed that flue gas recirculation can help to concentrate CO2 content in the flue gas, which will be essential for the carbon capture in the BF iron-making process. Keywords: oxygen-enriched; hot stoves; blast furnace (BF); flue gas recirculation 1.
    [Show full text]
  • On the Application of the Hot Blast, in the Manufacture of Cast- Iron. by THOMAS CLARK, M. D., Professor of Chemistry in Marischal College, Aberdeen
    ( 373 ) On the Application of the Hot Blast, in the Manufacture of Cast- Iron. By THOMAS CLARK, M. D., Professor of Chemistry in Marischal College, Aberdeen. (Read Uth March 1835J AMONG persons interesting themselves in the progress of Bri- tish manufactures, it can scarce fail to be known, that Mr NEIL- SON of Glasgow, manager of the Gas Works in that city, has taken out a patent for an important improvement in the working of such furnaces as, in the language of the patent, " are supplied with air by means of bellows, or other blowing apparatus." In Scotland, Mr NEILSON'S invention has been extensively applied to the making of cast-iron, insomuch that there is only one Scotch iron-work where the invention is not in use, and in that work, apparatus is under construction to put the invention into operation. Apart from the obvious importance of any consider- able improvement in the manufacture of so valuable a product as cast-iron, the invention of Mr NEILSON would merit attention, were it only for the singular extent of the improvement effected, compared with the apparent simplicity—I had almost said inadequacy—of the means employed. Having therefore, by the liberality of Mr DUNLOP, proprietor of the Clyde Iron-Works, where Mr NEILSON'S invention was first put into operation, ob- tained full and free access to all information regarding the results of trials of the invention in those works, on the large scale of manufacture, I cannot help thinking that an authentic notice of these results, together with an attempt to explain the cause of them, will prove acceptable to the Royal Society of Edinburgh.
    [Show full text]
  • Making ^Anthracite Iron N the Eighteenth Century Charcoal Was the Principal Fuel Used for Smelting Iron
    discovery of the ^Process for (^Making ^Anthracite Iron N THE eighteenth century charcoal was the principal fuel used for smelting iron. When in the course of time the demand for I iron increased and the hardwood forests used for making charcoal became smaller, ironmasters looked for other fuels. In Britain and continental Europe they turned to soft coal, which was generally located near deposits of iron ore and from which coke could be made. Anthracite deposits were more scarce. Only a few of the many blast furnaces in Europe—those located near the veins of anthracite—would benefit if a way could be found to use this "stone coal/' as anthracite was then commonly called.1 The situation in the United States was far different, with the development of an entire industry at stake. Deposits of bituminous coal lay for the most part beyond the mountains, far from the centers of population and the extant means of transportation. The iron-rich ridges and valleys of eastern Pennsylvania and New Jersey, however, lay near extensive fields of anthracite. The canals which penetrated into the anthracite regions in the second quarter of the nineteenth century linked cities, towns, and deposits of iron ore, limestone, and anthracite like beads on a chain, 1 The first description of the discovery of the anthracite process appeared in 1841 in the form of a book and may have helped to advertise the process among ironmasters: Walter R. Johnson, Notes on the Use of Anthracite in the Manufacture of Iron with Some Remarks on Its Evaporating Power (Boston, 1841).
    [Show full text]
  • Optimization of Blast Furnace Parameters Using Artificial Neural Network
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by ethesis@nitr Optimization of blast furnace parameters using artificial neural network A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULLFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF Master of Technology In Metallurgical and Materials Engineering (Steel Technology) By Dhirendra Kumar Roll No- 213MM2479 Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering National Institute of Technology Rourkela-769008 May’2015 Optimization of blast furnace parameters using artificial neural network A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULLFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF Master of Technology In Metallurgical and Materials Engineering (Steel Technology) By Dhirendra Kumar Roll No- 213MM2479 Under the Guidance of Dr S. K. Sahoo Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering National Institute of Technology Rourkela-769008 May’2015 National Institute of Technology Rourkela CERTIFICATE This is to certify that the work in this thesis report entitled “Optimization of blast furnace parameters using artificial neural network” which is being submitted by Mr. Dhirendra Kumar (Roll no: 213MM2479) of Master of Technology, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, has been carried out under my supervision in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Technology and is an original work. To the best of my knowledge, the matter embodied in the thesis has not been submitted to any other University / Institute for the award of any Degree or Diploma. Prof. S. K. Sahoo Department of Mechanical Engineering National Institute of Technology, Rourkela-769008 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT With deep regards and profound respect, I avail this opportunity to express my deep sense of gratitude and indebtedness to Dr S.K.
    [Show full text]