DOCSLIB.ORG

Sea Wall Biodiversity Handbook by Tim Gardiner, Rob Pilcher and Max Wade

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Sea Wall Biodiversity Handbook by Tim Gardiner, Rob Pilcher and Max Wade Sea Wall Biodiversity Handbook Sea Wall Tim Gardiner, Biodiversity Officer at the Environment Agency, Rob Pilcher, Ecology Team Leader for North West England at AECOM and Max Wade, Technical Director (Ecology) at AECOM, have a long standing interest in the ecology and management of sea wall habitats. Their handbook on sea wall biodiversity brings together a wealth of knowledge about this Cinderella habitat based on the authors’ experience of practical management and the flora and fauna of sea walls. The handbook highlights the breadth of plant and animal species living and relying on sea walls and provides practical guidance for managers of sea defences to ensure that their biodiversity value is by conserved and enhanced. Tim Gardiner, Rob Pilcher and Max Wade Rob Pilcher Gardiner, Tim Sea Wall Biodiversity Handbook by Tim Gardiner, Rob Pilcher and Max Wade SeaWall Layout Cvr v1.indd 1 02/09/2015 15:09 SeaWall Layout Txt.indd 4 20/08/2015 15:57 Sea Wall Biodiversity Handbook Sea Wall Biodiversity Handbook by Tim Gardiner, Rob Pilcher & Max Wade © Copyright First published in 2015 by RPS Images are the authors unless labelled. Designed and Printed by Mimeo Limited Units 1-3, The Ermine Centre, Hurricane Close, Huntingdon, Cambridgeshire PE29 6XX. A CIP record is available from the British Lending Library in London. ISBN: 978-0-9546600-4-8 Citation; Gardiner, T., Pilcher, R. & Wade, M. (2015) Sea Wall Biodiversity Handbook. RPS. SeaWall Layout Txt.indd 3 20/08/2015 15:57 SeaWall Layout Txt.indd 4 20/08/2015 15:57 Sea Wall Biodiversity Handbook Acknowledgements Thanks go to those involved with preparation of the case studies, to site managers and their respective organisations for allowing data to be used and for reviewing draft text of the case studies. Steven Falk, Buglife, kindly provided the introductory paragraph to the Bumblebees section and the Large Garden Bumblebee and Red-tailed Carder-bee paragraph in Chapter 3 with inputs to the text of the invertebrate section. Steven also provided the cover photo of the Cuckmere Valley, East Sussex. Authorship Production of this handbook was commissioned by the Environment Agency and its publication was achieved through a partnership between the Environment Agency and RPS consultants. This handbook was conceived by Tim Gardiner (Environment Agency) and written by Rob Pilcher (RPS, now AECOM), Tim Gardiner and Max Wade (RPS, now AECOM). The handbook has benefitted from input and review by Environment Agency staff: David Baillie, Andy Baines, Jackie Banks, Anna Bright, Karen Brown, Rob Brown, Rob Dryden, Amanda Elliott, Caroline Essery, John Evans, Simon Hills, Richard John, Will Mackay, Laura McGowan, Ian Miller, Nick Moore, Ann Skinner, David Smith, Chris Strachan, Anne Thurston and Steve Witham. External reviewers and contributors of case studies, information and photographs include Toby Abrehart (ecological consultant), Ted Benton (University of Essex), John Dobson (Essex Field Club), Emma England (MOD), Steven Falk (Buglife), Neil Fuller (Natural England), John Millar (Amateur Entomologists’ Society), Sam Page (Bumblebee Conservation Trust), Rob Parker (Butterfly Conservation), Zoë Ringwood (NE), Colin Shawyer (Wildlife Conservation Partnership), Dave Smart (Essex Wildlife Trust), Christian Whiting (Halcrow) and Leon Woodrow (Tendring District Council) SeaWall Layout Txt.indd 5 21/09/2015 09:34 SeaWall Layout Txt.indd 6 20/08/2015 15:57 Sea Wall Biodiversity Handbook Contents Chapter 1: Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................... 1 Chapter 2: Scope ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 7 Chapter 3: Wildlife interest ........................................................................................................................................................ 15 Chapter 4: Making management decisions ....................................................................................................... 63 Chapter 5: Mowing ...............................................................................................................................................................................89 Chapter 6: Grazing ............................................................................................................................................................................. 119 Chapter 7: Scrub ................................................................................................................................................................................... 135 Chapter 8: Other management techniques ................................................................................................... 173 Chapter 9: Surveying and monitoring .................................................................................................................... 183 Bibliography ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 217 Glossary ............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 241 Species index ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 253 SeaWall Layout Txt.indd 7 20/08/2015 15:57 Whilst this handbook has been written primarily to inform those involved in managing vegetated sea walls, notably the Environment Agency, other operating authorities, landowners, land managers, land use advisors and contractors, it is also intended to have wider appeal to anyone with an interest in sea walls and coastal ecology. As such, whilst the text is consistent with Environment Agency decision-making guidance, care has been taken to ensure the language used is as jargon free and as easy to read as possible by anyone with an interest in sea wall vegetation management. Photographs are used to illustrate pertinent points, e.g. to show what good sea wall management may look like, as well as of certain species where this is thought to be helpful. The latter has been deliberately restricted as the handbook is not intended to be seen as a field guide to the habitats or species that can occur on sea walls. Photographs have been provided by the Environment Agency and RPS unless otherwise stated. All artwork was prepared by Jonathan Graham unless otherwise stated. The source of the information is cited throughout and a comprehensive reference list provided to enable further reading. SeaWall Layout Txt.indd 8 20/08/2015 15:57 Sea Wall Biodiversity Handbook Chapter 1: Introduction Introduction Sea walls are well known as vital engineered structures for the defence of our flat coastal areas such as along the Severn Estuary, around the Solent, the Pevensey Levels in Sussex, the North Kent Marshes and a significant part of the Essex coast. What is less well known is the importance of these structures for wildlife. Made up of a range of habitats, sea walls lie at the interface of the shoreline, be it of an estuary or the open sea with a marine influence and, on the landward side, usually grazing marshes and other agricultural habitats. They have strong linear characteristics, including their continuous nature and long length: 2,141 km in England (Figure 1.1; Table 1.1) with the county having the greatest length being Essex (450 km). This combination, not surprisingly, serves to support a wide range of flora and fauna, some of which are unique to sea walls and move along them and into the habitats on either side, using them as refuges at high tide or particular times of year, and as vital corridors between other habitats. Table 1.1: Length of sea wall flood defence (raised earth embankment) throughout England sorted by former Environment Agency region (see Figure 1.1). Former Region Sea wall length (km) % of national length Anglian 1,202 56 Midlands 43 2 North-east 102 5 North-west 198 9 South-east 421 20 South-west 175 8 Total 2,141 100 This Sea Wall Biodiversity Handbook draws together the growing body of knowledge about the wildlife, value and management of vegetated sea walls found around our coasts and estuaries in England. This is used to present a synthesis of good practice guidance on how to manage the constituent habitats in a way that achieves the critical flood risk management requirements relating to the condition of sea walls whilst at the same time optimising their nature conservation value. 1 SeaWall Layout Txt.indd 1 20/08/2015 15:57 Sea Wall Biodiversity Handbook Figure 1.1. Distribution of sea walls in England 2 SeaWall Layout Txt.indd 2 20/08/2015 15:57 Sea Wall Biodiversity Handbook What is a sea wall? So, what do we mean by a sea wall? For the purposes of this Handbook, a sea wall is taken to mean any vegetated flood defence embankment or retaining wall present along the open coast or adjacent to tidal waters (such as an estuary) which is at least in part covered by vegetation. Such sea walls may be entirely earthen, though many will be constructed from a variety of materials, and may or may not have a seaward face that is protected against
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Scope: Munis Entomology & Zoology Publishes a Wide Variety of Papers
    732 _____________Mun. Ent. Zool. Vol. 7, No. 2, June 2012__________ STRUCTURE OF LEPIDOPTEROCENOSES ON OAKS QUERCUS DALECHAMPII AND Q. CERRIS IN CENTRAL EUROPE AND ESTIMATION OF THE MOST IMPORTANT SPECIES Miroslav Kulfan* * Department of Ecology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Mlynská dolina B-1, SK-84215 Bratislava, SLOVAKIA. E-mail: [email protected] [Kulfan, M. 2012. Structure of lepidopterocenoses on oaks Quercus dalechampii and Q. cerris in Central Europe and estimation of the most important species. Munis Entomology & Zoology, 7 (2): 732-741] ABSTRACT: On the basis of lepidopterous larvae a total of 96 species on Quercus dalechampii and 58 species on Q. cerris were recorded in 10 study plots of Malé Karpaty and Trnavská pahorkatina hills. The families Geometridae, Noctuidae and Tortricidae encompassed the highest number of found species. The most recorded species belonged to the trophic group of generalists. On the basis of total abundance of lepidopterous larvae found on Q. dalechampii from all the study plots the most abundant species was evidently Operophtera brumata. The most abundant species on Q. cerris was Cyclophora ruficiliaria. Based on estimated oak leaf area consumed by a larva it is shown that Lymantria dispar was the most important leaf-chewing species of both Q. dalechampii and Q. cerris. KEY WORDS: Slovakia, Quercus dalechampii, Q. cerris, the most important species. About 300 Lepidoptera species are known to damage the assimilation tissue of oaks in Central Europe (Patočka, 1954, 1980; Patočka et al.1999; Reiprich, 2001). Lepidoptera larvae are shown to be the most important group of oak defoliators (Patočka et al., 1962, 1999).
    [Show full text]
  • Thesis.Pdf (3.979Mb)
    FACULTY OF BIOSCIENCES, FISHERIES AND ECONOMICS DEPARTMENT OF ARCTIC AND MARINE BIOLOGY Cyclically outbreaking geometrid moths in sub-arctic mountain birch forest: the organization and impacts of their interactions with animal communities — Ole Petter Laksforsmo Vindstad A dissertation for the degree of Philosophiae Doctor – October 2014 Cyclically outbreaking geometrid moths in sub-arctic mountain birch forest: the organization and impacts of their interactions with animal communities Ole Petter Laksforsmo Vindstad A dissertation for the degree of Philosophiae Doctor University of Tromsø – The arctic university of Norway Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics Department of Arctic and Marine Biology Autumn 2014 1 Dedicated to everyone who has helped me along the way 2 Supervisors Professor Rolf Anker Ims1 Senior researcher Jane Uhd Jepsen2 1 Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway 2 Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Fram Centre, Tromsø, Norway Cover photos Front cover – Larvae of Epirrita autumnata feeding on mountain birch during a moth outbreak in northern Norway. Photo: Moritz Klinghardt Study I – Portrait of Agrypon flaveolatum. One of the most important larval parasitoid species in study I. Photo: Ole Petter Laksforsmo Vindstad Study II – Carcass of an Operophtera brumata larva, standing over the cocoon of its killer, the parasitoid group Protapanteles anchisiades/P. immunis/Cotesia salebrosa. Photo: Ole Petter Laksforsmo Vindstad Study III – Larva of the parasitoid group Phobocampe sp./Sinophorus crassifemur emerging from Agriopis aurantiaria host larva. Photo: Tino Schott Study IV – An area of healthy mountain birch forest, representative for the undamaged sampling sites in study IV and V. Photo: Jakob Iglhaut Study V – An area of mountain birch forest that has been heavily damaged by a moth outbreak, representative for the damaged sampling sites in study IV and V.
    [Show full text]
  • Managing for Species: Integrating the Needs of England’S Priority Species Into Habitat Management
    Natural England Research Report NERR024 Managing for species: Integrating the needs of England’s priority species into habitat management. Part 2 Annexes www.naturalengland.org.uk Natural England Research Report NERR024 Managing for species: Integrating the needs of England’s priority species into habitat management. Part 2 Annexes Webb, J.R., Drewitt, A.L. and Measures, G.H. Natural England Published on 15 January 2010 The views in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of Natural England. You may reproduce as many individual copies of this report as you like, provided such copies stipulate that copyright remains with Natural England, 1 East Parade, Sheffield, S1 2ET ISSN 1754-1956 © Copyright Natural England 2010 Project details This report results from work undertaken by the Evidence Team, Natural England. A summary of the findings covered by this report, as well as Natural England's views on this research, can be found within Natural England Research Information Note RIN024 – Managing for species: Integrating the needs of England’s priority species into habitat management. This report should be cited as: WEBB, J.R., DREWITT, A.L., & MEASURES, G.H., 2009. Managing for species: Integrating the needs of England’s priority species into habitat management. Part 2 Annexes. Natural England Research Reports, Number 024. Project manager Jon Webb Natural England Northminster House Peterborough PE1 1UA Tel: 0300 0605264 Fax: 0300 0603888 [email protected] Contractor Natural England 1 East Parade Sheffield S1 2ET Managing for species: Integrating the needs of England’s priority species into habitat i management.
    [Show full text]
  • ED45E Rare and Scarce Species Hierarchy.Pdf
    104 Species 55 Mollusc 8 Mollusc 334 Species 181 Mollusc 28 Mollusc 44 Species 23 Vascular Plant 14 Flowering Plant 45 Species 23 Vascular Plant 14 Flowering Plant 269 Species 149 Vascular Plant 84 Flowering Plant 13 Species 7 Mollusc 1 Mollusc 42 Species 21 Mollusc 2 Mollusc 43 Species 22 Mollusc 3 Mollusc 59 Species 30 Mollusc 4 Mollusc 59 Species 31 Mollusc 5 Mollusc 68 Species 36 Mollusc 6 Mollusc 81 Species 43 Mollusc 7 Mollusc 105 Species 56 Mollusc 9 Mollusc 117 Species 63 Mollusc 10 Mollusc 118 Species 64 Mollusc 11 Mollusc 119 Species 65 Mollusc 12 Mollusc 124 Species 68 Mollusc 13 Mollusc 125 Species 69 Mollusc 14 Mollusc 145 Species 81 Mollusc 15 Mollusc 150 Species 84 Mollusc 16 Mollusc 151 Species 85 Mollusc 17 Mollusc 152 Species 86 Mollusc 18 Mollusc 158 Species 90 Mollusc 19 Mollusc 184 Species 105 Mollusc 20 Mollusc 185 Species 106 Mollusc 21 Mollusc 186 Species 107 Mollusc 22 Mollusc 191 Species 110 Mollusc 23 Mollusc 245 Species 136 Mollusc 24 Mollusc 267 Species 148 Mollusc 25 Mollusc 270 Species 150 Mollusc 26 Mollusc 333 Species 180 Mollusc 27 Mollusc 347 Species 189 Mollusc 29 Mollusc 349 Species 191 Mollusc 30 Mollusc 365 Species 196 Mollusc 31 Mollusc 376 Species 203 Mollusc 32 Mollusc 377 Species 204 Mollusc 33 Mollusc 378 Species 205 Mollusc 34 Mollusc 379 Species 206 Mollusc 35 Mollusc 404 Species 221 Mollusc 36 Mollusc 414 Species 228 Mollusc 37 Mollusc 415 Species 229 Mollusc 38 Mollusc 416 Species 230 Mollusc 39 Mollusc 417 Species 231 Mollusc 40 Mollusc 418 Species 232 Mollusc 41 Mollusc 419 Species 233
    [Show full text]
  • Notes on Identification Works and Difficult and Under-Recorded Taxa
    Notes on identification works and difficult and under-recorded taxa P.A. Stroh, D.A. Pearman, F.J. Rumsey & K.J. Walker Contents Introduction 2 Identification works 3 Recording species, subspecies and hybrids for Atlas 2020 6 Notes on individual taxa 7 List of taxa 7 Widespread but under-recorded hybrids 31 Summary of recent name changes 33 Definition of Aggregates 39 1 Introduction The first edition of this guide (Preston, 1997) was based around the then newly published second edition of Stace (1997). Since then, a third edition (Stace, 2010) has been issued containing numerous taxonomic and nomenclatural changes as well as additions and exclusions to taxa listed in the second edition. Consequently, although the objective of this revised guide hast altered and much of the original text has been retained with only minor amendments, many new taxa have been included and there have been substantial alterations to the references listed. We are grateful to A.O. Chater and C.D. Preston for their comments on an earlier draft of these notes, and to the Biological Records Centre at the Centre for Ecology and Hydrology for organising and funding the printing of this booklet. PAS, DAP, FJR, KJW June 2015 Suggested citation: Stroh, P.A., Pearman, D.P., Rumsey, F.J & Walker, K.J. 2015. Notes on identification works and some difficult and under-recorded taxa. Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland, Bristol. Front cover: Euphrasia pseudokerneri © F.J. Rumsey. 2 Identification works The standard flora for the Atlas 2020 project is edition 3 of C.A. Stace's New Flora of the British Isles (Cambridge University Press, 2010), from now on simply referred to in this guide as Stae; all recorders are urged to obtain a copy of this, although we suspect that many will already have a well-thumbed volume.
    [Show full text]
  • Seasonal Changes in Lipid and Fatty Acid Profiles of Sakarya
    Eurasian Journal of Forest Science ISSN: 2147 - 7493 Copyrights Eurasscience Journals Editor in Chief Hüseyin Barış TECİMEN University of Istanbul, Faculty of Forestry, Soil Science and Ecology Dept. İstanbul, Türkiye Journal Cover Design Mert EKŞİ Istanbul University Faculty of Forestry Department of Landscape Techniques Bahçeköy-Istanbul, Turkey Technical Advisory Osman Yalçın YILMAZ Surveying and Cadastre Department of Forestry Faculty of Istanbul University, 34473, Bahçeköy, Istanbul-Türkiye Cover Page Bolu forests, Turkey 2019 Ufuk COŞGUN Contact H. Barış TECİMEN Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Faculty of Forestry, Soil Science and Ecology Dept. İstanbul, Turkey [email protected] Journal Web Page http://dergipark.gov.tr/ejejfs Eurasian Journal of Forest Science Eurasian Journal of Forest Science is published 3 times per year in the electronic media. This journal provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge. In submitting the manuscript, the authors certify that: They are authorized by their coauthors to enter into these arrangements. The work described has not been published before (except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture, review or thesis), that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere, that its publication has been approved by all the authors and by the responsible authorities tacitly or explicitly of the institutes where the work has been carried out. They secure the right to reproduce any material that has already been published or copyrighted elsewhere. The names and email addresses entered in this journal site will be used exclusively for the stated purposes of this journal and will not be made available for any other purpose or to any other party.
    [Show full text]
  • Lepidoptera in Cheshire in 2002
    Lepidoptera in Cheshire in 2002 A Report on the Micro-Moths, Butterflies and Macro-Moths of VC58 S.H. Hind, S. McWilliam, B.T. Shaw, S. Farrell and A. Wander Lancashire & Cheshire Entomological Society November 2003 1 1. Introduction Welcome to the 2002 report on lepidoptera in VC58 (Cheshire). This is the second report to appear in 2003 and follows on from the release of the 2001 version earlier this year. Hopefully we are now on course to return to an annual report, with the 2003 report planned for the middle of next year. Plans for the ‘Atlas of Lepidoptera in VC58’ continue apace. We had hoped to produce a further update to the Atlas but this report is already quite a large document. We will, therefore produce a supplementary report on the Pug Moths recorded in VC58 sometime in early 2004, hopefully in time to be sent out with the next newsletter. As usual, we have produced a combined report covering micro-moths, macro- moths and butterflies, rather than separate reports on all three groups. Doubtless observers will turn first to the group they are most interested in, but please take the time to read the other sections. Hopefully you will find something of interest. Many thanks to all recorders who have already submitted records for 2002. Without your efforts this report would not be possible. Please keep the records coming! This request also most definitely applies to recorders who have not sent in records for 2002 or even earlier. It is never too late to send in historic records as they will all be included within the above-mentioned Atlas when this is produced.
    [Show full text]
  • Lamiales Newsletter
    LAMIALES NEWSLETTER LAMIALES Issue number 4 February 1996 ISSN 1358-2305 EDITORIAL CONTENTS R.M. Harley & A. Paton Editorial 1 Herbarium, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3AE, UK The Lavender Bag 1 Welcome to the fourth Lamiales Universitaria, Coyoacan 04510, Newsletter. As usual, we still Mexico D.F. Mexico. Tel: Lamiaceae research in require articles for inclusion in the +5256224448. Fax: +525616 22 17. Hungary 1 next edition. If you would like to e-mail: [email protected] receive this or future Newsletters and T.P. Ramamoorthy, 412 Heart- Alien Salvia in Ethiopia 3 and are not already on our mailing wood Dr., Austin, TX 78745, USA. list, or wish to contribute an article, They are anxious to hear from any- Pollination ecology of please do not hesitate to contact us. one willing to help organise the con- Labiatae in Mediterranean 4 The editors’ e-mail addresses are: ference or who have ideas for sym- [email protected] or posium content. Studies on the genus Thymus 6 [email protected]. As reported in the last Newsletter the This edition of the Newsletter and Relationships of Subfamily Instituto de Quimica (UNAM, Mexi- the third edition (October 1994) will Pogostemonoideae 8 co City) have agreed to sponsor the shortly be available on the world Controversies over the next Lamiales conference. Due to wide web (http://www.rbgkew.org. Satureja complex 10 the current economic conditions in uk/science/lamiales). Mexico and to allow potential partici- This also gives a summary of what Obituary - Silvia Botta pants to plan ahead, it has been the Lamiales are and some of their de Miconi 11 decided to delay the conference until uses, details of Lamiales research at November 1998.
    [Show full text]
  • Rotherham Biodiversity Action Plan 2012 Hedgerow Action Plan Contents Contents
    Rotherham Biodiversity Action Plan 2012 Hedgerow Action Plan Contents Contents...........................................................................................................................................1 List of habitats included....................................................................................................................2 Habitat Descriptions.........................................................................................................................2 Defra Key to Hedgerow Types .........................................................................................................3 Current Status..................................................................................................................................4 Key Factors and Influences..............................................................................................................4 Associated Habitats and Species.....................................................................................................4 Key Sites of Good Quality................................................................................................................5 Sites of Concern ..............................................................................................................................5 Specific Actions for Key Associated Species ...................................................................................6 Scale of Potential Biodiversity Action...............................................................................................6
    [Show full text]
  • Ballota Nigral. – an Overview of Pharmacological Effects And
    International journal edited by the Institute of Natural Fibres and Medicinal Plants Vol. 66 No. 3 2020 Received: 2020-09-02 DOI: 10.2478/hepo-2020-0014 Accepted: 2020-09-22 Available online: 2020-09-30 EXPERIMENTALREVIEW PAPER PAPER Ballota nigra L. – an overview of pharmacological effects and traditional uses FILIP PRZERWA1 , ARNOLD KUKOWKA1 , IZABELA UZAR2* 1Student Science Club Department of General Pharmacology and Pharmacoeconomics Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin Żołnierska 48 71-210 Szczecin, Poland 2Department of General Pharmacology and Pharmacoeconomics Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin Żołnierska 48 71-210 Szczecin, Poland * corresponding author: e-mail: [email protected] Summary Ballota nigra, also known as black horehound is a common medical herb used in folk medicine around the world. First reported mentions of its medical properties and use goes as far as the 13th century. The use of black horehound depends on regions and countries. It is used mostly to treat e.g. mild sleep disorders, nervousness, upset stomach, wound healing. It can be used as an anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antipro- tozoal, antifungal drug. Moreover, it has been reported as a potential cancer drug. This extensive usage is particularly interesting for us. The aim of this review is to present available data on B. nigra pharmacological effects and known traditional uses gathered from a wide range of scientific articles published in 1997–2020. Key words: Ballota nigra L., black horehound, pharmacology, medical herb Słowa kluczowe: Ballota nigra L., mierznica czarna, farmakologia, roślina lecznicza Herba Pol 2020; 66(3): 56-65 Ballota nigra L. – an overview of pharmacological effects and traditional uses 57 INTRODUCTION responsible for a given effect.
    [Show full text]
  • (Geometridae) in Oak Forests from Romania
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Annals of the University of Craiova - Agriculture, Montanology, Cadastre Series Anallelle Uniiversiităţiiii diin Craiiova, seriia Agriiculltură – Montanollogiie – Cadastru (Annalls of the Uniiversiity of Craiiova - Agriicullture, Montanollogy, Cadastre Seriies) Voll. XLIV 2014 EVOLUTION OF INFESTATIONS WITH LOOPERMOTH (GEOMETRIDAE) IN OAK FORESTS FROM ROMANIA AUTHORS: Neţoiu Constantin, Univ. Craiova Tomescu Romică, ICAS Bucureşti Vladescu Dumitru, RNP - Romsilva Aldea Dan Ioan, RNP - Romsilva Buzatu Andrei, ICAS Craiova Keywords: Geometridae, Operophtera brumata, outbreaks, infestation. ABSTRACT In the oak forests from Romania, the species of Geometridae develops regular outbreaks with decennal frequencies. This paper presents a historic of infestations on last 52 years (1960-2012) and analyzes the evolution trend of loopermoth populations in the last outbreak in Romania (2007-2010), depending by site conditions and forest stand characteristics. The mixed forests with common oak (Quercus robur) and sessile oak (Quercus petrea) as dominant species, placed on elevated plain, or on upper sides of the southern slopes, with ages over 80 years, shown favorable for developing ample outbreaks, with exponential growth rate of loopermoth populations. 1. INTRODUCTION In deciduous forests of Romania, according with statistics from last six decades, the defoliating insects (Lepidoptera) have had the highest percentage, in terms of infested areas. From the group of defoliating insects, the infestations produced by Tortrix viridana L. represents 44%, Geometridae sp. 31,7%, Lymntria dispar L. 21.6% and other species 2,7% (Malacosoma neustria L., Euproctis chrysorrhoea L, Thaumaetopoea processionea L. etc). Between the species of Geometridae, the most frequent, in orders of its importance, are Operophtera brumata L, Erannis defoliaria Cl., Erannis aurantiaria Hb., Erannis leucophaearia Schiff., Erannis marginaria F., Phigalia pedaria F., Alsophila aescularia Schiff.
    [Show full text]
  • Lajiluettelo 2019
    Lajiluettelo 2019 Artlistan 2019 Checklist 2019 Helsinki 2020 Viittausohje, kun viitataan koko julkaisuun: Suomen Lajitietokeskus 2020: Lajiluettelo 2019. – Suomen Lajitietokeskus, Luonnontieteellinen keskusmuseo, Helsingin yliopisto, Helsinki. Viittausohje, kun viitataan osaan julkaisusta, esim.: Paukkunen, J., Koponen, M., Vikberg, V., Fernandez-Triana, J., Jussila, R., Mutanen, M., Paappanen, J., Várkonyi, G. 2020: Hymenoptera, pistiäiset. – Julkaisussa: Suomen Lajitietokeskus 2020: Lajiluettelo 2019. Suomen Lajitietokeskus, Luonnontieteellinen keskusmuseo, Helsingin yliopisto, Helsinki. Citerande av publikationen: Finlands Artdatacenter 2020: Artlistan 2019. – Finlands Artdatacenter, Naturhistoriska centralmuseet, Helsingfors universitet, Helsingfors Citerande av en enskild taxon: Paukkunen, J., Koponen, M., Vikberg, V., Fernandez-Triana, J., Jussila, R., Mutanen, M., Paappanen, J., Várkonyi, G. 2020. Hymenoptera, steklar. – I: Finlands Artdatacenter 2020: Artlistan 2019. – Finlands Artdatacenter, Naturhistoriska centralmuseet, Helsingfors universitet, Helsingfors Citation of the publication: FinBIF 2020: The FinBIF checklist of Finnish species 2019. – Finnish Biodiversity Information Facility, Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, Helsinki Citation of a separate taxon: Paukkunen, J., Koponen, M., Vikberg, V., Fernandez-Triana, J., Jussila, R., Mutanen, M., Paappanen, J., Várkonyi, G. 2020: Hymenoptera, sawflied, wasps, ants and bee. – In: FinBIF 2020: The FinBIF checklist of Finnish species 2019. – Finnish Biodiversity
    [Show full text]