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Advocacy Digest November 2009 Linking Advocates & Researchers

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Advocacy Digest November 2009 Linking Advocates & Researchers Research & Volume 10 | 6 Advocacy Digest November 2009 Linking Advocates & Researchers Elder Sexual Assault and Abuse Letter From The Editor Trisha Smith – Advocacy Specialist, WCSAP even years ago, in the spring of 2002, WCSAP published the first Inside SResearch and Advocacy Digest that addressed elder sexual assault and abuse. WCSAP had the privilege of interviewing Holly Ramsey-Klawsnik, Interview: Ph.D., a leading researcher in the field. The publication discussed the Karla Vierthaler scope of elder sexual abuse, offered tips and tools for response, and and Nanci Newton provided important validation that sexual assault programs can effectively pages 3-9 work with this population with a few changes in approach and training. Research Reviews Seven years have passed and WCSAP felt it was pertinent to take another pages 10-21 look at this issue, asking the question, “What has changed?” As the research for this edition of the Digest began, I was not sure what to expect. From References and Resources a personal perspective, I recognized that I have had very few discussions pages 22-23 within my own network about elder sexual assault. Once I attempted to start these dialogues, most of my peers were quick to change the topic. While sexual assault is never an easy conversational piece, the topic of elder sexual assault seemed especially difficult to delve into. Contributors As I continued to explore this topic, it became apparent that the issues addressed in 2002 are still prevalent to this day. This prompted a number | WCSAP Trisha Smith of poignant conversations amongst the Coalition staff and other colleagues Jennifer Y. Levy-Peck | WCSAP in the field as we began to take another look at the way the movement to end sexual violence is responding to elder sexual assault. The ever-pressing need to raise awareness and facilitate a change in the public’s perception and in the practice of professionals became more and more evident. The language used to label this population was an important consideration. As you will notice, the research articles use variations of “older,” “elder,” “elderly,” and “senior.” The term “elder” resonated as the most inclusive and respectful, honoring the life experiences and wisdom of this group of people. Additionally, it was important to avoid any terminology that indicated that only a specific type of elder – such as the frail, dependent A PublicAtion of the WAshington coAlition of sexuAl AssAult ProgrAms individual - was at risk for sexual violence. It is our hope that the term “elder” is seen as a celebration of the incredible diversity within this group, and also holds the movement accountable to working with survivors throughout the lifespan. In the vein of labels and categorizations, there were many discussions around age. Each article reviewed differs slightly in its definition of older survivors, and there is no specific time when one changes from adult to elder. We do know, however, that the elder population is growing. According to a 2006 report by the U.S. Census, there are currently 35 million Americans age 65 and over, 59% of whom are female. That number is expected to double by the year 2030, an important consideration when discussing the need for outreach and prevention strategies. In this issue of the Research and Advocacy Digest, we are most pleased to present an interview with noted experts Karla Vierthaler, MPA, and Nanci Newton. Karla Vierthaler has combined research with the development of practical materials to assist those who work with elders; Nanci Newton was the coordinator and developer of the Stop Violence Against Elders program in Jacksonville, Florida. We also provide a sampling of recent research on elder sexual abuse. For our reviews, we have selected research on the basis of its usefulness to advocates and its reflection of the scope of this topic. The studies presented highlight the diversity of this population and the complexity of the issues facing advocates. We review studies on elders both in the community and in care facilities; we look at various systems and their response to victimization of elders; we examine the barriers to service access and community awareness, along with some promising practices. As we come back to the impending question of “What next?,” Vicky Glawnick from Washington State’s Department of Social and Health Services (DSHS) offers noteworthy feedback from the Adult Protective Services (APS) field. Our conversation revealed an excellent opportunity for community partnerships. Currently APS does not have training for its staff on sexual assault and abuse. When asked if training provided by a community sexual assault program would be useful, Glawnick stated that this would not only be very helpful, it would bring the two fields together and provide the elder community with more comprehensive services. While this is just one piece of the puzzle, it would be a great step in achieving a coordinated community response. Taking this conversation to your staff, your clients, and your community may result in some valuable feedback on how to continue to improve and expand sexual assault services within the elder community. From the Coalition’s standpoint, it will be essential to get the feedback from programs on the work you are doing with the elder population and any concerns you are facing, as this information will help drive the Coalition’s next steps. As the research illustrates, this is a vital issue for the Movement to continue to address. The elder population is in great need of our support. n November | 2009 Research & Advocacy Digest 2 Interview with Karla Vierthaler and Nanci Newton Trisha Smith – Advocacy Specialist, WCSAP Karla Vierthaler (KV), MPA, is the Outreach Coordinator for the Pennsylvania Coalition Against Rape. Nanci Newton (NN), is the Director of the Advocacy Program at the University of South Florida in Tampa. WCSAP: Please tell us a little bit about yourself and the work you do. KV: Currently, I work for the Pennsylvania Coalition Against Rape (PCAR) on various projects addressing sexual violence in populations historically underserved by the anti-sexual violence movement (basically all groups excluding women and children), including people with disabilities, LGBT communities, victims of trafficking, and people living with substance addiction. My work at PCAR began with the creation and implementation of a curriculum and technical assistance materials cross-training sexual violence advocates and older adult protective service workers on detection, legal aspects, and service provision around elder sexual abuse. Pennsylvania is one of five states that does not have [general] adult protective services—we only have protective services for adults over 60 and children under 18. While this is something advocates in various disciplines are trying to correct, the law or lack thereof did give us a unique opportunity to create resources on sexual abuse of adults over 60. Similar grants to train protective service workers were awarded to coalitions in other states, but the focus was on vulnerable adults and older adults—two distinct populations. NN: Currently I am the director of the victim advocacy program at the University of South Florida. Prior to this I was the coordinator and developer of a program called Stop Violence Against Elders at the Women’s Center in Jacksonville, Florida. We received an Office on Violence Against Women (OVW) grant to create a training program for criminal justice professionals to recognize, investigate, and successfully prosecute cases of sexual and domestic abuse of elders. I pulled together a coalition of experts and interested individuals—which included an educator from the Area Agency on Aging, a director of the Alzheimer’s Association, two detectives that investigated elder abuse cases in the county, victim advocates from both the rape recovery team and the domestic violence program, as well as representatives of the city of Jacksonville’s elder services. I presented my research to the coalition, and we then held focus groups with uniformed officers of the Jacksonville Police Department. The purpose of the focus groups was to look at not only what they knew about elder abuse, but also how they like to learn [to determine their preferred training format]. Based on this feedback we developed the curriculum Stop Violence Against Elders: A Comprehensive Training for Law Enforcement and Criminal Justice Professionals, available on a CD-ROM. It went on to win a National Telly Award and an International Videographers Award. November | 2009 Research & Advocacy Digest 3 We continued to train law enforcement throughout northern Florida, as well as prosecutors and elder abuse investigators from Adult Protective Services (APS). Interest in the training continued, so I wrote another proposal and received funding from a Chicago-based elder abuse research foundation that funded an additional two years of training in which we worked with home care workers, health aides, and victim advocates. Currently I am working on my doctorate, writing my dissertation on some aspect of violence against elders. I continue to work as a consultant and researcher on the topic. WCSAP: WCSAP discussed elder sexual assault and abuse in a 2002 issue of the Research and Advocacy Digest. What progress has been made over the past seven years in addressing the needs of this population? KV: Progress has been slow, but steady. There have been both state and federal funding for projects addressing the issue. OVW has dedicated funding to address elder abuse including sexual assault. Elder advocacy organizations have begun to discuss sexual abuse more. TheJournal of Elder Abuse and Neglect dedicated an issue to addressing elder sexual abuse. HBO aired a documentary called “Rape in a Small Town” about Florence Holway, an 89-year-old victim of sexual assault. On the other hand, the same small group of professionals continues to conduct research on the topic, and nothing has been done on a scale large enough to capture prevalence.
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