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OHSAS 18001:1999 Standard and Its Requirements

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OHSAS 18001:1999 Standard and Its Requirements Technical Talk on OHSAS 18001: An Introduction And Experience Sharing Thomas WONG Certification Officer SGS Hong Kong Limited An OHSAS 18001’s extend of application… Depends on • OH&S policy • Nature of activities • Complexities of activities An organization’s OH&S Management System cannot simply be transferred 2 An OHSAS 18001 system needs to cover… Organization employee (full-time and part time) Subcontractor and suppliers visitors Organization’s own equipment / facilities Rented and borrowed equipment / facilities 3 Several important definitions Analogous to Analogous to Definition – OHSAS18001 ISO 9001’s ISO 14001’s Source or situation with a potential for harm in terms of human injury or ill health, damage in property, Customer Environmental Hazard(危害) damage to the workplace requirements aspects environment, or a combination of these Combination of the likelihood and Environmental Risk(風險) consequence of a specified hazardous event occurring impact Risk assessment Overall process of estimating the magnitude of risk and deciding Contract review EA evaluation (風險評估) whether or not the risk is tolerable Significant Intolerable risk environmental (不可承受風險) aspects 4 Relations between clauses Hazard Identification Risk Assessment Policy Objectives Procedures Programmes Monitoring Audit Corrective / Preventive Action Review 5 The OHSAS 18001 flow ContiContinnualual ImprovementImprovement Policy Policy ManManaagegemementnt ReviewReview Planning Planning CheckingChecking & & CorrectiveCorrective ActionAction ImpleImplemmeenntatiotationn 6 4.1 General requirements The organization shall establish and maintain an OH&S management system. 7 4.2 Policy Authorized by the top management Appropriate to the nature and scale of the organization’s OH&S risks Include a commitment to continual improvement Include a commitment to comply with applicable OH&S legislations and other requirements Documented, implemented and maintained Communicated to all employees Available to the public Reviewed periodically 8 4.3.1 Hazard identification, risk assessment and risk control Establish and maintain procedures for Ongoing identification of hazards, assessment of risks and the implementation of necessary control measures Includes: • Routine and non-routine activities • All personnel having access to workplace • Facilities at the work place 9 Types of hazard Physiological / Physical psychological Chemical behavioral Biological 10 Physical Electricity: leakage, statics, sparks Noise Vibration Radiation: x-ray,αparticle,βparticle, UV, laser Fire Extreme high/low temperature Dusts Fall from heights Ambient: lighting, ventilation, temperature, humidity Signage: lack of, unclear, inappropriate Signals: lack of, unclear, inappropriate 11 Chemical and biological Chemical Biological Toxic Bacteria / viruses Corrosive Epidemics Flammable / Poisonous flora and explosive fauna 12 Physiological / psychological / behavioral Physiological / Behavioral psychological Errors in directing Manual handling Errors in operating Ill health Errors in supervising Work in sensitive / taboo trade (e.g. funeral home) Mental abnormalities Physical handicap (color blind、deaf) 13 What kind of hazards ??? 14 4.3.1 Hazard identification, risk assessment and risk control Methods for hazard identification and risk assessment should: Proactive Provide for classification of risks and identification Consistent with operating experience and the capabilities of risk control measures employed Provide input into • determination of facility requirements • identification of training needs • Development of operational controls Provide for monitoring of required actions 15 4.3.2 Legal and other requirements Establish and maintain procedure for Identifying and accessing • Applicable legal requirements • Applicable “other requirements” Keep this information up-to-date Communicate relevant information to employees and other interested parties 16 4.3.3 Objectives Establish and maintain OH&S objectives at each relevant function and level The following should be considered when establishing objectives • Legal and other requirements • Hazards and risks • Technological options • Financial, operational and business requirements • Views of interested parties Consistent with OH&S policy 17 4.3.4 OH&S management programs Establish and maintain programs for achieving objectives Shall include documentation of: • Designated responsibilities and authorities for achieving the objectives • Means and time-scale for achieving the objectives Shall be reviewed at regular and planned intervals. Amended if there are changes to the activities and operating conditions 18 4.4.1 Structure and responsibilities Define, document and communicate responsibilities and authorities of personnel who • Manage • Perform • verify activities having an effect on the OH&S risks Top management Top management has the ultimate responsibilities responsibilities Top management should provide resources for implementation, control and improvement of OH&S management system 19 4.4.1 Structure and responsibilities Shall appoint a member of top management with particular responsibilities for ensuring OH&S system is properly implemented and performed The management appointee shall have defined roles, responsibilities and authority for: Responsibilities • Ensuring that OH&S system requirements are of the established, implemented and maintained in management accordance with this Specification appointee • Ensuring that reports on the OH&S system performance are presented to the top management All management shall demonstrate their commitment to continual improvement 20 4.4.2 Training, awareness and competence Personnel shall be competent to perform works that may impact on OH&S Competence is defined in terms of • Appropriate education • Training • Experience 21 4.4.2 Training, awareness and competence Establish and maintain procedure to ensure employees are aware of • Importance of conformance to – OH&S policy and procedure – The requirements of the OH&S management system • The OH&S consequence, actual or potential, of their work activities, and the OH&S benefits of improved personnel performance • Their roles and responsibilities in achieving conformance to – OH&S policy and procedures – The requirements of the OH&S management system – Emergency preparedness and response requirements • Potential consequence of departure from specified operating procedure 22 4.4.2 Training, awareness and competence Training procedures shall take into account differing levels of • Responsibility, ability, and literacy • risk 23 4.4.3 Consultation and communication Have procedure for • Ensuring that pertinent OH&S information is communicated to and from employees and other interested parties Employee involvement and consultations arrangements shall be documented and interested parties informed 24 4.4.3 Consultation and communication Employees shall: • Involved in development and review of policies and procedures to manage risks • Consulted where there are changes that affect Safety is not workplace health and safety just the responsibilities • Represented in OH&S matters of the safety • Informed of who is their employee OH&S officers representative and specified management appointee 25 4.4.4 Documentation Establish and maintain information, in suitable medium, that: • Describes the core elements of the OH&S management system and their interactions • Provides directions to related documentation 26 4.4.5 Document and data control Establish and maintain procedures for all documents and data required by this Specification to ensure that • They can be located • They are periodically reviewed, revised as necessary and approved for adequacy by authorized personnel • Current versions of relevant documents and data are available at all locations where these documents and data are needed • Obsolete documents and data are promptly removed • Archival documents and data retained for legal or knowledge preservation are suitably identified 27 4.4.6 Operational control Identify those operations and activities that are 4.3.1 associated with identified risks where control measures need to be applied 28 4.4.6 Operational control Plan these activities, including maintenance, in order to ensure that they are carried out under specified conditions by: • Establishing and maintaining documented procedures to cover situations where their absence could lead to deviations from the OH&S policy and objectives • Stipulates operating criteria in the procedures • Establishing and maintaining procedures related to identified OH&S risks of goods, equipment and services purchased and/or used, and communicating these procedures to suppliers and contractors • Establishing and maintaining procedures for design of workplace, process, installations, machinery, operating Control from procedures and work organizations, including their adaptation the source to human capabilities, in order to eliminate or reduce OH&S risks 29 Control strategies Risk avoidance • E.g.: re-design through engineering Risk mitigation • E.g. permit-to-work Reduce loss • E.g. PPE Risk transfer • E.g.: outsourced Risk acceptance / awareness 30 Examples of Operational Control Procedures Rules Administrative controls Licenses Permit-to-Work Signages Colour-coding PPE 31 Hierarchy of Controls Design & Process Changes Engineering Controls Administrative & Procedural Controls Safety Equipment PPE Emergency Response 32 What kind of controls ??? 33 4.4.7 Emergency
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