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Phytochemical Analysis, In-Vitro Antioxidant and Anti-Hemolysis Activity of Turbinaria Ornata (Turner) J. Agardh
IARJSET ISSN (Online) 2393-8021 ISSN (Print) 2394-1588 International Advanced Research Journal in Science, Engineering and Technology Vol. 2, Issue 12, December 2015 Phytochemical Analysis, In-vitro Antioxidant and Anti-Hemolysis Activity of Turbinaria ornata (turner) J. Agardh D. Vijayraja1 and *Dr K. Jeyaprakash2 Research and Development Centre, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India1 *Corresponding Author, Head, Department of Biochemistry, PG and Research Department of Biochemistry, Rajah Serfoji Government College, Thanjavur2 Abstract: The assault of free radicals and imbalance in oxidant and antioxidant status leads to the induction of diseases from cancers to neuro-degenerative diseases. Natural antioxidants can put a secured check over free radicals and the damages induced by them at various levels. Seaweeds are rich in bioactive compounds like sulfated polysaccharides, phlorotannins and diterpenes which are benefit for human health applications. Turbinaria ornata, the spiny leaf seaweed has been studied for its antioxidant, antiulcer, wound healing and hepatoprotective activities. In the present study, phytochemicals analysis, in vitro antioxidant and anti-hemolysis activity of Turbinaria ornata methanolic extract (TOME) in RBC model was done. The results reveal the presence of carbohydrates, alkaloids, saponins, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tannins, coumarines, steroids and terpenoids. The UV-Vis, FTIR and GCMS analysis also elucidates the presence of phenolics and important bioactive compounds in TOME, which exhibits appreciable antioxidant activity and prevents H2O2 induced hemolysis in human RBC model by maintaining the cell membrane integrity. Key words: Turbinaria ornata, invitro antioxidant avtivity, antihemolysis, bioactive compounds. INTRODUCTION Free radicals are playing adverse role in etiology of wide acid, and ascorbic acid were obtained from Himedia spectrum of diseases from cancers to neuro-degenerative laboratory Ltd., Mumbai, India. -
High Tunnel Melon and Watermelon Production
High Tunnel Melon and Watermelon Production University of Missouri Extension M173 Contents Author Botany 1 Lewis W. Jett, Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri-Columbia Cultivar selection 3 Editorial staff Transplant production 4 MU Extension and Agricultural Information Planting in the high tunnel 5 Dale Langford, editor Dennis Murphy, illustrator Row covers 6 On the World Wide Web Soil management and fertilization 6 Find this and other MU Extension publications on the Irrigation 7 Web at http://muextension.missouri.edu Pollination 7 Photographs Pruning 8 Except where noted, photographs are by Lewis W. Jett. Trellising 8 Harvest and yield 9 Marketing 10 Pest management 10 Useful references 14 Melon and watermelon seed sources 15 Sources of high tunnels (hoophouses) 16 For further information, address questions to College of Dr. Lewis W. Jett Agriculture Extension State Vegetable Crops Specialist Food and Natural Division of Plant Sciences Resources University of Missouri Columbia, MO 65211 Copyright 2006 by the University of Missouri Board of Curators E-mail: [email protected] College of Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources High Tunnel Melon and Watermelon Production igh tunnels are low-cost, passive, melo has several botanical subgroups (Table 1). solar greenhouses that use no fossil In the United States, reticulatus and inodorus are Hfuels for heating or venting (Figure commercially grown, while the remaining groups 1). High tunnels can provide many benefits to are grown for niche or local markets. horticulture crop producers: The cantaloupe fruit that most Americans • High tunnels are used to lengthen the are familiar with is not actually a true cantaloupe. -
Urban Farming-Emerging Trends and Scope 709-717 Maneesha S
ISSN 2394-1227 Volume– 6 Issue - 11 November - 2019 Pages - 130 Emerging trends and scope Indian Farmer A Monthly Magazine Volume: 6, Issue-11 November-2019 Sr. No. Full length Articles Page Editorial Board 1 Eutrophication- a threat to aquatic ecosystem 697-701 V. Kasthuri Thilagam and S. Manivannan 2 Synthetic seed technology 702-705 Sridevi Ramamurthy Editor In Chief 3 Hydrogel absorbents in farming: Advanced way of conserving soil moisture 706-708 Rakesh S, Ravinder J and Sinha A K Dr. V.B. Dongre, Ph.D. 4 Urban farming-emerging trends and scope 709-717 Maneesha S. R., G. B. Sreekanth, S. Rajkumar and E. B. Chakurkar Editor 5 Electro-ejaculation: A method of semen collection in Livestock 718-723 Jyotimala Sahu, PrasannaPal, Aayush Yadav and Rajneesh 6 Drudgery of Women in Agriculture 724-726 Dr. A.R. Ahlawat, Ph.D. Jaya Sinha and Mohit Sharma 7 Laboratory Animals Management: An Overview 727-737 Members Jyotimala Sahu, Aayush Yadav, Anupam Soni, Ashutosh Dubey, Prasanna Pal and M.D. Bobade 8 Goat kid pneumonia: Causes and risk factors in tropical climate in West Bengal 738-743 Dr. Alka Singh, Ph.D. D. Mondal Dr. K. L. Mathew, Ph.D. 9 Preservation and Shelf Life Enhancement of Fruits and Vegetables 744-748 Dr. Mrs. Santosh, Ph.D. Sheshrao Kautkar and Rehana Raj Dr. R. K. Kalaria, Ph.D. 10 Agroforestry as an option for mitigating the impact of climate change 749-752 Nikhil Raghuvanshi and Vikash Kumar 11 Beehive Briquette for maintaining desired microclimate in Goat Shelters 753-756 Subject Editors Arvind Kumar, Mohd. -
Plant Inventory No.233
JSX Plant Inventory No. 233 •UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Washington, D. C. June 1948 PLANT MATERIAL INTRODUCED BY THE DIVISION OF PLANT EX- PLORATION AND INTRODUCTION, BUREAU OF PLANT INDUSTRY,1 OCTOBER 1 TO DECEMBER 31, 1937 (Nos. 124969 to 126493) CONTENTS < Page Introductory statement — ._— . 1 Inventory _ '. ___ 3 Index of common and scientific names 81 INTRODUCTORY STATEMENT This inventory, No. 133, records the plant material (Nos. 124969 to 126493) received by the Division of Plant Exploration and Introduc- tion during the period October 1 to December 31,1937. With the definite purpose of studying wild tomato material in the .field and of collecting whatever was available, particularly from plants ibelieved to be truly wild, Dr. H. L. Blood, of the Utah Agricultural Experiment Station, and cooperating with the Division of Fruit and Vegetable Crops and Diseases, Bureau of Plant Industry, spent the last 2 months of 1937 in Peru, Bolivia, northern Argentina, and Chile, collecting not only this type of material but also cultivated tomatoes from native markets. In addition to true tomatoes, he gathered seeds of various other non- tuberous solanaceous plants, including species of Cyphomandra, Jficandra, Physalis, and Solanwm^ which have been added to the work- ing material of Department pathologists. Since that time, many of his collections have been studied taxo- nomically and reported by C* H. Muller (Miscellaneous Publication No. 382, A Revision of the Genus Lyeopersicon^ July 1940); these include one new species, one new variety, and three new forms. Pathologists have already published on the unusual characteristics of one of the wild tomatoes, Lyeopersicon hirsutwm, found by Dr. -
2016 Student Abstract Book
Inspire, Connect, Create. Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship Greetings! On behalf of the Director's Office, it is my pleasure to welcome you to 2016 SURF Colloquium at the NIST Gaithersburg campus. Founded by scientist in the Physics Laboratory (PL) with a passion for stem outreach, the SURF Program has grown immensely since its establishment in 1993. The first cohort of the SURF Program consisted of 20 participantsfrom 8 universities primarily conducting hands-on research in the physics lab. Representing all STEM disciplines, this summer's cohort of the SURF Program includes 188 participants from 100 universities engaging in research projects in all 7 laboratories at the Gaithersburg campus. It's expected that the program will continue to grow in the future. During your attendance at the SURF Colloquium, I encourage you to interact with the SURF participants. Aside from asking questions during the sessions, I recommend networking with presenters in between sessions and/or lunch. The colloquium is the perfect venue to exchange findings and new ideas from the most recent and rigorous research in all STEM fields. Furthermore, I suggest chatting with NIST staff and scientist at the colloquium. Don't be afraid to ask questions about the on-going research in a specific NIST laboratory. Most staff and scientist love to talk about their role or research at NIST. Moreover, I invite you to share your experience at the SURF Colloquium on the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Facebook page using the hashtag, #2016SURFColloquium. Lastly, I could not conclude this letter without mentioning the individuals which make the SURF Program at NIST possible. -
Suppressive Effect of Edible Seaweeds on SOS Response of Salmonella Typhimurium Induced by Chemical Mutagens
Journal of Environmental Studies [JES] 2020. 22: 30-40 Original Article Suppressive effect of edible seaweeds on SOS response of Salmonella typhimurium induced by chemical mutagens Hoida Ali Badr1*, Kaori Kanemaru,Yasuo Oyama2, Kumio Yokoigawa2 1Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of science, Sohag University 82524, Sohag, Egypt. 2Faculty of bioscience and bioindustry, Tokushima University, 1-1 Minamijosanjima-cho, Tokushima 770-8502, Japan doi: ABSTRACT We examined antimutagenic activity of hot water extracts of twelve edible KEYWORDS seaweeds by analyzing the suppressive effect on the SOS response of Seaweed, Salmonella typhimurium induced by direct [furylframide, AF-2 and 4- Mutagens, nitroquinoline 1-oxide, 4NQO] and indirect [3-amino-1-methyl-5H-pyrido- Polyscharide, (4,3-b) indole, Trp-P-2 and 2-amino-3-methylimidazo (4,5-f) quinoline, IQ] Eisenia bicyclis, mutagens. Antimutagenic activities of the seaweed extracts were different from each other against each mutagen used. Among the seaweeds tested, the extract of the brown alga Eisenia bicyclis (Kjellman) Setchell was found CORRESPONDING to have the strongest antimutagenic activity irrespective of the type of the mutagen used. Total phenolic compounds in E. bicyclis extract was AUTHOR calculated to be 217.9 mg GAE/g dry weight and it was very high in Hoida Ali Badr comparison with those of all other seaweed extracts. These experimental [email protected] results indicated that the hot water-soluble extract of the brown seaweed E. u.eg bicyclis has antimutagenic potential and its high phenolic content appears to be responsible for its antimutagenic activity. The E. bicyclis extract was fractionated into polysaccharide fraction and non-polysaccharide one by ethyl alcohol precipitation and the major activity was detected in the non-polysaccharide fraction which exhibited a relatively strong antimutagenic activity against all the mutagens tested. -
PHYTOPHTHORA ROT of HONEYDEW MELON ' by C
PHYTOPHTHORA ROT OF HONEYDEW MELON ' By C. M. ToMPKiNs, assistant plant pathologist^ California Agricultural Experiment Station, and C. M. TUCKER, plant pathologist, Missouri Agricultural Experiment Station 2 INTRODUCTION On September 5, 1935, a rot of Honey dew melon fruits {Cucumis melo, L. var. inodorus Naud.), caused by Phytophthora capsici Leonian {5)j^ was observed in part of an extensive planting near Modesto, Calif. The crop was a total loss within the diseased area, involving approximately 2 acres. Visits to other sections of the San Joaquin Valley where Honeydew melons are grown commercially failed to reveal further evidence of the disease. An investigation of the dis- ease, with special reference to cause, factors favoring infection, and host range, seemed desirable because of the economic importance of this and other cucurbitaceous crops grown in the interior valleys of California. DISEASE FAVORED BY WET SOIL AND HIGH TEMPERATURES Phytophthora rot of Honeydew melon occurred on heavy, water- logged soil during the season of prevailing high temperatures. The infested area, lower than the rest of the field, had been improperly graded and lacked adequate drainage outlets. Frequent and heavy irrigations during the latter part of the growing season, necessitated by crop requirements, caused the soil to become waterlogged. Excess water accumulated in small, shallow pools, in and between the rows^ and some plants were partly submerged. High temperatures and the contact of the fruits with the wet soil established ideal conditions for infection. The disease did not occur elsewhere in the same field where drainage facihties were good. SYMPTOMS OF THE DISEASE In this disease of the Honeydew melon plant, only the fruits are susceptible to natural infection by Phytophthora capsici. -
Antihypertensive Effect of Aqueous Polyphenol Extracts of Amaranthusviridis and Telfairiaoccidentalis Leaves in Spon
Journal of International Society for Food Bioactives Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods Original Research J. Food Bioact. 2018;1:166–173 Antihypertensive effect of aqueous polyphenol extracts of Amaranthusviridis and Telfairiaoccidentalis leaves in spontaneously hypertensive rats Olayinka A. Olarewaju, Adeola M. Alashi and Rotimi E. Aluko* Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada R3T 2N2 *Corresponding author: Dr. Rotimi Aluko, Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada R3T 2N2. E-mail: [email protected] DOI: 10.31665/JFB.2018.1135 Received: December 12, 2017; Revised received & accepted: February 9, 2018 Citation: Olarewaju, O.A., Alashi, A.M., and Aluko, R.E. (2018). Antihypertensive effect of aqueous polyphenol extracts of Amaranthus- viridis and Telfairiaoccidentalis leaves in spontaneously hypertensive rats. J. Food Bioact. 1: 166–173. Abstract The antihypertensive effects of aqueous polyphenol-rich extracts of Amaranthusviridis (AV) and Telfairiaocciden- talis (TO) leaves in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were investigated. The dried vegetable leaves were extracted using 1:20 (leaves:water, w/v) ratio for 4 h at 60 °C. Results showed significantly (P < 0.05) higher polyphenol contents in TO extracts (80–88 mg gallic acid equivalents, GAE/100 mg) when compared with the AV (62–67 mg GAE/100 mg). Caffeic acid, rutin and myricetin were the main polyphenols found in the extracts. The TO extracts had significantly (P < 0.05) higher in vitro inhibition of angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) activity while AV extracts had better renin inhibition. Oral administration (100 mg/kg body weight) to SHR led to significant (P < 0.05) reductions in systolic blood pressure for the AV (−39 mmHg after 8 h)and TO (−24 mmHg after 4 and 8 h).The vegetable extracts also produced significant (P < 0.05) reductions in diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial blood pressure and heart rate when compared to the untreated rats. -
Supplemental Label
SUPPLEMENTAL LABEL FLUTIANIL GROUP U13 FUNGICIDE EPA Reg. No. 11581-6-71711 For Use On: Melon Subgroup 9A and Squash/Cucumber Subgroup 9B Not for Sale, Sale Into, Distribution and/or Use in Nassau and Suffolk Counties of New York State This supplemental label expires January 17, 2023 and must not be used or distributed after this date. DIRECTIONS FOR USE It is a violation of Federal law to use this product in a manner inconsistent with its labeling. This labeling and the EPA approved container label must be in the possession of the user at the time of application. Read the label affixed to the container for GATTEN® Fungicide before applying. Use of GATTEN Fungicide according to this labeling is subject to the use precautions and limitations imposed by the label affixed to the container for GATTEN Fungicide. New use directions appear on this supplemental labeling that may be different from those that appear on the container label. DIRECTIONS FOR APPLICATION Melon Subgroup 9A and Squash/Cucumber Subgroup 9B chayote (fruit); Chinese waxgourd (Chinese preserving melon); citron melon; cucumber; gherkin; gourd, edible ( includes hyotan, cucuzza, hechima, Chinese okra); Momordica spp (includes balsam apple, balsam pear, bitter melon, Chinese cucumber); muskmelon (hybrids and/or cultivars of Cucumis melo) (includes true cantaloupe, cantaloupe, casaba, crenshaw melon, golden pershaw melon, honeydew melon, honey balls, mango melon, Persian melon, pineapple melon, Santa Claus melon, and snake melon); pumpkin; squash, summer (includes crookneck squash, scallop squash, straightneck squash, vegetable marrow, zucchini); squash, winter (includes butternut squash, calabaza, hubbard squash, acorn squash, spaghetti squash); watermelon (includes hybrids and/or varieties of Citrullus lanatus) Application Rate Target Disease PHI Directions fl oz product/A (lb ai/A) G. -
100 Under $100: Tools for Reducing Postharvest Losses 100 UNDER $100: TOOLS for REDUCING POSTHARVEST LOSSES
1 • 100 Under $100: Tools for Reducing Postharvest Losses 100 UNDER $100: TOOLS FOR REDUCING POSTHARVEST LOSSES A woman’s cooperative in Mawali village, Lembeh Island, North Sulawesi, Indonesia, making snacks - Photo: ©IFAD/Susan Beccio Betsy Teutsch, Author Lisa Kitinoja, Technical Editor CONTENTS Technical Editor’s Foreword 6 Author’s Foreward 8 Introduction . 10 Postharvest Loss Reduction Super Tools and Icons 11 Section 1 — Farming . 14 INTRODUCTION 15 10. Digging Tools for Roots and Tubers 39 1. Planning Tools 18 11. Pole Pickers for Tree Fruits 41 2. Low Tunnels, High Tunnels, 12. Reusable Plastic Crates and Liners 43 and Greenhouses 21 13. Field Handcarts 45 3. Trellising 24 14. Pre-Sorting Harvested Crops 4. Pruning and Thinning 27 at the Farm 47 5. Knives, Clippers, and 15. Field Packing 49 Secateurs 29 16. Curing Roots and Tubers 51 6. Crop Maturity Indicator: 1 7. Curing Bulbs: Garlic and Onions 53 Refractometer 31 18. Tarpaulins and Ground Cloths for 7. Crop Maturity Indicator: Air Drying Crops 56 Color Charts 33 19. Mechanical Threshing 58 8. Harvesting Bags 35 20. Shelling 60 9. Smooth Buckets and Containers 37 Section 2 — Packinghouse . 62 INTRODUCTION 63 32. Packing Cartons, Crates, and Boxes 90 21. Cleaning the Produce 65 33. Interior Package Lining and Cushioning 22. Chlorinated Wash 68 for Reducing Product Injuries 93 23. Digital Temperature Probe 70 34. Plastic Liners and Packaging to 24. Hot Water Treatments 72 Retain Mosisture 95 25. Preservative Paste Treatments 74 35. Packaging Enclosures and 26. Trimming Produce 76 Modifications 98 27. Waxing 78 36. MAP (Modified Atmospheric 28. -
The Biogeochemistry of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Cycling in Native Shrub Ecosystems in Senegal
AN ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION OF Ekwe L. Dossa for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Soil Science presented on December 28, 2006. Title: The Biogeochemistry of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Cycling in Native Shrub Ecosystems in Senegal Abstract approved: Richard P. Dick Two native shrub species (Piliostigma reticulatum and Guiera senegalensis) are prominent vegetation components in farmers’ fields in Senegal. However, their role in nutrient cycling and ecosystem function has largely been overlooked. A study including both laboratory and field experiments was conducted to evaluate potential biophysical interactions of the two shrub species with soils and crops in Senegal. Carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) mineralization potential of soils incubated with residues of the two shrubs species was studied in laboratory conditions. Additionally, the effect of shrub-residue amendment on P sorption by soils was examined. Under field conditions, the effect of presence or absence of shrubs on crop productivity and nutrient recycling in soil was investigated. Another study examined shrub species effect on spatial distribution of nutrients and P fractions. Results showed shrub residues used as amendments immobilized N and P, which suggested these residues have limited value as immediate nutrient sources for crops. However, soils amended with shrub residues sorbed less P than unamended soils, indicating that when added to P-fixing soils, shrub residues could improve P availability to crops. In the absence of fertilization or when water was limiting, shrubs increased crop yield, likely through a combination of improved soil quality and water conditions associated with the shrub canopy and rhizosphere. The presence of shrubs increased nutrient-use efficiency over sole crop systems. -
Effects of Phenolic Antioxidants Extraction from Four Selected Seaweeds Obtained from Sabah
Effects of phenolic antioxidants extraction from four selected seaweeds obtained from Sabah Carmen Wai Foong Fu, Chun Wai Ho, Wilson Thau Lym Yong, Faridah Abas, Chin Ping Tan Algal have attracted attention from biomedical scientists as they are a valuable natural source of secondary metabolites that exhibit antioxidant activities. In this study, single- factor experiments were conducted to investigate the best extraction conditions (ethanol concentration, solid-to-solvent ratio, extraction temperature and extraction time) in s t extracting antioxidant compounds and capacities from four species of seaweeds n i (Sargassum polycystum, Eucheuma denticulatum , Kappaphycus alvarezzi variance Buaya r P and Kappaphycus alvarezzi variance Giant) from Sabah. Total phenolic content (TPC) and e total flavonoid content (TFC) assays were used to determine the phenolic and flavonoid r P concentrations, respectively, while 2,2-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging capacity assays were used to evaluate the antioxidant capacities of all seaweed extracts. Results showed that extraction parameters had significant effect (p < 0.05) on the antioxidant compounds and antioxidant capacities of seaweed. Sargassum polycystum portrayed the most antioxidant compounds (37.41 ± 0.01 mg GAE/g DW and 4.54 ± 0.02 mg CE/g DW) and capacities (2.00 ± 0.01 µmol TEAC/g DW and 0.84 ± 0.01 µmol TEAC/g DW) amongst four species of seaweed. Single-factor experiments were proven as an effective tool to