DOCSLIB.ORG

Analysis of Country's Competitiveness Factors Based on Inter-State Rating

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Analysis of Country's Competitiveness Factors Based on Inter-State Rating E3S Web of Conferences 153, 03001 (2020) https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf /2020153030 01 CORECT-IJJSS 2019 Analysis of country’s competitiveness factors based on inter-state rating comparisons Nadiia Shmygol 1, Olga Galtsova2, Oleksiy Solovyov3, Viktor Koval4 *, and I Wayan Edi Arsawan5 1Zaporizhzhia National University, Zaporizhzhia, Autozavodska str. 50 fl.13, 69118 Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine 2Classic Private University, Dryzba str. 220 fl. 62, 72311 Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine. 3Poltava State Agrarian Academy, Pivnichnakilceva Street 11 fl. 79, 69059Poltava Ukraine 4 Odessa Institute of Trade and Economics of Kyiv National University of Trade and Economics, Odessa, Ukraine 5Bali State Polytechnic, Jl. Raya Uluwatu No.45, Jimbaran, Kec. Kuta Sel., Kabupaten Badung, Bali 80361, Indonesia Abstract. Within the framework of the research was conducted an analysis of the modern level and problems of development of competitiveness, taking into account various aspects and system of advantages. In the article it was proved that despite the wide elucidation of the conceptual apparatus, methodological bases and ways of ensuring the competitive advantages of the respective objects of research, single, generalized point of view on this subject today doesn’t exist. It was done the analysis of the factors that ensure the country's competitiveness on the basis of interstate rating comparisons, which made it possible to organize the factors according to the degree of influence by the Pareto’s method and to determine priority directions of state development. 1 Introduction By definition, the competitiveness of an economic object is its ability to outperform its competitors through a long-term system of benefits under certain operating conditions [1- 4]. Based on this definition, competitiveness is not an absolute but a relative concept. The starting point of the benefits system is the purpose and aims of the research object. It means that one and the same economic object can have a competitive advantage in achieving the same goal and give in to its competitors within another direction of development. 2 Actual scientific researches and issues analysis and the research objective The problem of ensuring the competitiveness of enterprises, taking into account their branch affiliation, was studied in the research of such domestic scientists as: S. Scarlett V. * Corresponding author: [email protected] © The Authors, published by EDP Sciences. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). E3S Web of Conferences 153, 03001 (2020) https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf /2020153030 01 CORECT-IJJSS 2019 Margasova O. Sakun etc. [1]. Sectoral aspect of this problem is reflected in the works: O.Yankovyi, Yu. Goncharov, V. Koval, T. Lositska [2]. At the state level, the competitiveness as a basis for sustainable development was studied by: T. Pulina, Ol. Zerniuk, Al. Glebova etc. [3]. Another direction of the national scientific thought was the problem of ensuring the competitiveness of individual regions. Worthy question in their work was given: Boiko, V., Kwilinski, A., Misiuk, M., Dalevska, N., Khobta, V., Kravchenko, S. [4, 5]. However, despite the broad elucidation of the conceptual apparatus, methodological foundations and ways of ensuring the competitive advantages of the relevant objects of research, there is no single, generalized point of view on this point to date. Not only domestic and foreign scientists, but also foreign research institutes, think-tanks, rating agencies and humanitarian organizations are engaged in study of competitiveness at the level of economic entities, industries and the state as a whole. According to the purpose of their research, Ukraine holds different competitive positions in the interstate rankings. This, in turn, emphasizes the relative nature of this economic category, and at the same time indicates that there is no definitive consensus among the scientists on the methodology for measuring the indicator and its components. 3 Assessment and analysis of the competitiveness by international indexes According to international rankings, Ukraine's competitiveness in 2018 was evaluated as follows: 1. Global Peace Index (GPI) [6] – according to the Institute for Economics and Peace (Institute for Economics and Peace, IER) in 2018, Ukraine ranked 152 place out of 163 countries in the world. This index has been calculated since 2007 and it is an integral indicator consisting of 15 indicators that characterize the current state and current trends of the peacefulness of countries: participation in the internal or external armed conflicts; the armed forces and international arms trade; crime rate; number of internally displaced persons, etc. On almost all indicators, Ukraine is now forced to give in to other peace- loving countries. 2. Bloomberg's Misery Index (BMI) [7] – according to the Bloomberg Financial News Agency, in 2018 Ukraine ranked 6th place out of 66 countries. The BMI calculation is based on the sum of the projected value level of inflation and unemployment. For Ukraine, this rate was 19.7% and give in only to Greece (20.1%), Turkey (26.8%), South Africa (31.8%), Argentina (42.7%) and Venezuela (929824.5 % with given hyperinflation was taken into account). At the same time, the most prosperous countries mattered at the level of: Thailand (2.1%), Singapore (2.5%), Japan (3.4%), Switzerland (3.6%) and Germany (4.0%). 3. World Happiness Report, (WHR) [8] – according to the UN data, in 2018 Ukraine ranked 138th out of 156 countries included in the report. This indicator is calculated on the basis of GDP per capita, the level of social support by the state, average life expectancy, freedom of life choices, generosity and perceptions of corruption. Competitive positions in this index are ensured by the social support of the population. On the other hand, freedom of choice has one of the worst values among all countries in the world. WHR of Ukraine made 4,103 points, Sudan (4,139) and Togo (3,999). Compared to other countries, WHR of Finland was 7,632 points, Norway - 7,594, Burundi - 2,905. 4. Prosperity Index (LPI) [9] - According to the data of British think tank The Legatum Institute, Ukraine ranked 111th out of 149 countries. This index has been calculated since 2008 and is an indicator of the well-being of the population of a country. It is based on a system of more than 100 indicators, grouped by areas: level of economic development, 2 E3S Web of Conferences 153, 03001 (2020) https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf /2020153030 01 CORECT-IJJSS 2019 business conditions, activities of government effectiveness, education, health care, life safety, level of personal liberties in society, social capital and ecology. The most troublesome, according to the results of 2018, were recognized government performance indicators (129th among other countries), life safety (128th place) and health care (137th place); the most competitive are education (43th place) and the level of personal freedom (90th place). 5. Human Development Index (HDI) [10] – According to the UN, today Ukraine ranks 88th among 189 countries. HDI includes such components as: average life expectancy; the level of education of the society determined by the length of study; the standard of living of the population equals to the gross national income per capita at the compound prices of the base year. Competitive positions of Ukraine, in comparison with other countries, are ensured due to the duration of study, which on the average 26.3 years. This indicator does not inferior to the level of highly developed countries in Western Europe. As for the last two indicators, we have a significant backlog: - The average life expectancy in Ukraine is 72.1 years, with a maximum life expectancy 83.6 years in Switzerland. However, in the vast majority of developed countries, this figure exceeds 80 years; - GNI per capita is $ 8130, in Liechtenstein is $ 97336 and $ 82,503 in Singapore. However, almost in all countries of Western Europe, this figure exceeds $ 30,000. 6. Social Development Index (SPI) [11] – According to the US data of think tank Social Progress Imperative, in 2018 Ukraine held 64th position among 146 countries, gaining 69.30 points out of 100. For comparison, among the leading countries, Norway scored 90.26 points, Denmark - 90.10 points. The lowest rated countries are Chad - 28.20 points and Central African Republic - 26.01 points. The Social Development Index consists of three areas of research containing 51 indicators: - basic human needs (81.48 points): food and basic medical care (93.74 points), water and sanitation (90.59 points), shelter (85.79 points), personal safety (55.80 points); - basics of well-being (69.38 points): access to basic knowledge (90.54 points), access to information and communications (73.46 points), health and well-being (56.12 points), environment (57, 41 points); - opportunities (57.04 points): personal rights (73.01 points), freedom of choice (66.01 points), inclusivity (35.61 points), access to higher education (53.52 points). - The results of this study show that in social development, Ukraine is far inferior to other countries in terms of personal safety, environmental pollution, access to a quality health care system and inclusiveness. The last refers to equality of political power in socio- economic status and discrimination to violence against minorities. 7. Index of Economic Freedom (IEF) [12] – calculated by The Heritage Foundation of American Research Center since 1995 for 180 countries in the following areas: rule of law; the number of authorities that govern the country and the effectiveness of its activities; open markets and more. In total this index includes 12 indicators, 3 in each group. As a result of their convolution, the IEF takes values from 0 to 100 points and can be interpreted as follows: - from 80 to 100 points – free countries. This group, based on 2018, includes Hong Kong (90.2 points), Singapore (89.4 points) and New Zealand (84.4 points) - from 70 to 79.9 points - almost free countries.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • John F. Helliwell, Richard Layard and Jeffrey D. Sachs
    2018 World Happiness Report John F. Helliwell, Richard Layard and Jeffrey D. Sachs Table of Contents World Happiness Report 2018 Editors: John F. Helliwell, Richard Layard, and Jeffrey D. Sachs Associate Editors: Jan-Emmanuel De Neve, Haifang Huang and Shun Wang 1 Happiness and Migration: An Overview . 3 John F. Helliwell, Richard Layard and Jeffrey D. Sachs 2 International Migration and World Happiness . 13 John F. Helliwell, Haifang Huang, Shun Wang and Hugh Shiplett 3 Do International Migrants Increase Their Happiness and That of Their Families by Migrating? . 45 Martijn Hendriks, Martijn J. Burger, Julie Ray and Neli Esipova 4 Rural-Urban Migration and Happiness in China . 67 John Knight and Ramani Gunatilaka 5 Happiness and International Migration in Latin America . 89 Carol Graham and Milena Nikolova 6 Happiness in Latin America Has Social Foundations . 115 Mariano Rojas 7 America’s Health Crisis and the Easterlin Paradox . 146 Jeffrey D. Sachs Annex: Migrant Acceptance Index: Do Migrants Have Better Lives in Countries That Accept Them? . 160 Neli Esipova, Julie Ray, John Fleming and Anita Pugliese The World Happiness Report was written by a group of independent experts acting in their personal capacities. Any views expressed in this report do not necessarily reflect the views of any organization, agency or programme of the United Nations. 2 Chapter 1 3 Happiness and Migration: An Overview John F. Helliwell, Vancouver School of Economics at the University of British Columbia, and Canadian Institute for Advanced Research Richard Layard, Wellbeing Programme, Centre for Economic Performance, at the London School of Economics and Political Science Jeffrey D.
    [Show full text]
  • An Information Visualization Application Case to Understand the World Happiness Report
    An information visualization application case to understand the World Happiness Report Nychol Bazurto-Gomez1[0000−0003−0881−6736], Carlos Torres J.1[0000−0002−5814−6278], Raul Gutierrez1[0000−0003−1375−8753], Mario Chamorro3[0000−0002−7247−8236], Claire Bulger4[0000−0002−3031−2908], Tiberio Hernandez1[0000−0002−5035−4363], and John A. Guerra-Gomez1;2[0000−0001−7943−0000] 1 Imagine group, Universidad de los Andes, Bogota, Colombia fn.bazurto,cf.torres,ra.gutierrez,jhernand,[email protected] 2 UC Berkeley, California, Berkeley, United States 3 Make it happy, San Francisco, United States [email protected] 4 World Happiness Report, San Francisco, United States [email protected] Abstract. Happiness is one of the most important components in life, however, qualifying happiness is not such a happy task. For this purpose, the World Happiness Report was created: An annual survey that mea- sures happiness around the globe. It uses six different metrics: (i) healthy life expectancy, (ii) social support, (iii) freedom to make life choices, (iv) perceptions of corruption, (v) GDP per capita, and (vi) generosity. Those metrics combined in an index rank countries by their happiness. This in- dex has been published by means of a static report that attempts to explain it, however, given the complexity of the index, the creators have felt that the index hasn't been explained properly to the community. In order to propose a more intuitive way to explore the metrics that compose the index, this paper presents an interactive approach. Thanks to our information visualization, we were able to discover insights such as the many changes in the happiness levels of South Africa in 2013, a year with statistics like highest crime rate and country with most pub- lic protests in the world.
    [Show full text]
  • John F. Helliwell, Richard Layard and Jeffrey D. Sachs
    2018 John F. Helliwell, Richard Layard and Jeffrey D. Sachs Table of Contents World Happiness Report 2018 Editors: John F. Helliwell, Richard Layard, and Jeffrey D. Sachs Associate Editors: Jan-Emmanuel De Neve, Haifang Huang and Shun Wang 1 Happiness and Migration: An Overview . 3 John F. Helliwell, Richard Layard and Jeffrey D. Sachs 2 International Migration and World Happiness . 13 John F. Helliwell, Haifang Huang, Shun Wang and Hugh Shiplett 3 Do International Migrants Increase Their Happiness and That of Their Families by Migrating? . 45 Martijn Hendriks, Martijn J. Burger, Julie Ray and Neli Esipova 4 Rural-Urban Migration and Happiness in China . 67 John Knight and Ramani Gunatilaka 5 Happiness and International Migration in Latin America . 89 Carol Graham and Milena Nikolova 6 Happiness in Latin America Has Social Foundations . 115 Mariano Rojas 7 America’s Health Crisis and the Easterlin Paradox . 146 Jeffrey D. Sachs Annex: Migrant Acceptance Index: Do Migrants Have Better Lives in Countries That Accept Them? . 160 Neli Esipova, Julie Ray, John Fleming and Anita Pugliese The World Happiness Report was written by a group of independent experts acting in their personal capacities. Any views expressed in this report do not necessarily reflect the views of any organization, agency or programme of the United Nations. 2 Chapter 1 3 Happiness and Migration: An Overview John F. Helliwell, Vancouver School of Economics at the University of British Columbia, and Canadian Institute for Advanced Research Richard Layard, Wellbeing Programme, Centre for Economic Performance, at the London School of Economics and Political Science Jeffrey D. Sachs, Director, SDSN, and Director, Center for Sustainable Development, Columbia University The authors are grateful to the Ernesto Illy Foundation and the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research for research support, and to Gallup for data access and assistance.
    [Show full text]
  • World Happiness REPORT Edited by John Helliwell, Richard Layard and Jeffrey Sachs World Happiness Report Edited by John Helliwell, Richard Layard and Jeffrey Sachs
    World Happiness REPORT Edited by John Helliwell, Richard Layard and Jeffrey Sachs World Happiness reporT edited by John Helliwell, richard layard and Jeffrey sachs Table of ConTenTs 1. Introduction ParT I 2. The state of World Happiness 3. The Causes of Happiness and Misery 4. some Policy Implications references to Chapters 1-4 ParT II 5. Case study: bhutan 6. Case study: ons 7. Case study: oeCd 65409_Earth_Chapter1v2.indd 1 4/30/12 3:46 PM Part I. Chapter 1. InTrodUCTIon JEFFREY SACHS 2 Jeffrey D. Sachs: director, The earth Institute, Columbia University 65409_Earth_Chapter1v2.indd 2 4/30/12 3:46 PM World Happiness reporT We live in an age of stark contradictions. The world enjoys technologies of unimaginable sophistication; yet has at least one billion people without enough to eat each day. The world economy is propelled to soaring new heights of productivity through ongoing technological and organizational advance; yet is relentlessly destroying the natural environment in the process. Countries achieve great progress in economic development as conventionally measured; yet along the way succumb to new crises of obesity, smoking, diabetes, depression, and other ills of modern life. 1 These contradictions would not come as a shock to the greatest sages of humanity, including Aristotle and the Buddha. The sages taught humanity, time and again, that material gain alone will not fulfi ll our deepest needs. Material life must be harnessed to meet these human needs, most importantly to promote the end of suffering, social justice, and the attainment of happiness. The challenge is real for all parts of the world.
    [Show full text]
  • Redalyc.Inter-Regional Metric Disadvantages When Comparing
    International Journal of Psychological Research ISSN: 2011-2084 [email protected] Universidad de San Buenaventura Colombia Rojas-Gualdron, Diego Fernando Inter-regional metric disadvantages when comparing country happiness on a global scale. A Rasch-based consequential validity analysis International Journal of Psychological Research, vol. 10, núm. 2, 2017, pp. 26-34 Universidad de San Buenaventura Medellín, Colombia Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=299052071004 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative Int. j. psychol. res, Vol. 10 (2) 26-33, 2017 DOI 10.21500/20112084.2995 Inter-regional metric disadvantages when comparing country happiness on a global scale. A Rasch-based consequential validity analysis Desventajas metricas´ entre regiones al comparar la felicidad de los pa´ısesa escala global. Un analisis´ Rasch de validez consecuencial Diego Fernando Rojas-Gualdron´ 1* Abstract Measurement confounding due to socioeconomic differences between world regions may bias the estimations of countries’ happiness and global inequality. Potential implications of this bias have not been researched. In this study, the consequential validity of the Happy Planet Index, 2012 as an indicator of global inequality is evaluated from the Rasch measurement perspective. Differential Item Functioning by world region and bias in the estimated magnitude of inequalities were analyzed. The recalculated measure showed a good fit to Rasch model assumptions. The original index underestimated relative inequalities between world regions by 20%. DIF had no effect on relative measures but affected absolute measures by overestimating world average happiness and underestimating its variance.
    [Show full text]
  • World Happiness REPORT 2013
    World Happiness reporT 2013 edited by John Helliwell, richard layard and Jeffrey sachs World Happiness REPORT 2 0 1 3 edited by John Helliwell, Richard layard and Jeffrey sachs Table of ConTenTs 1. Introduction 2. World Happiness: Trends, explanations and Distribution 3. Mental Illness and Unhappiness 4. The objective benefits of subjective Well-being 5. Restoring Virtue ethics in the Quest for Happiness 6. Using Well-being as a Guide to Policy 7. The oeCD approach to Measuring subjective Well-being 8. From Capabilities to Contentment: Testing the links between Human Development and life satisfaction The World Happiness Report was written by a group of independent experts acting in their personal capacities. Any views expressed in this report do not necessarily reflect the views of any organization, agency or programme of the United Nations. World Happiness report 2013 Chapter 1. IntroductIon JOHN F. HELLIWELL, RICHARD LAYARD AND JEFFREY D. SACHS 3 23 John F. Helliwell: Vancouver School of Economics, university of British columbia, and the canadian Institute for Advanced research (cIFAr) Richard Layard: director, Well-Being Programme, centre for Economic Performance, London School of Economics Jeffrey D. Sachs: director, the Earth Institute, columbia university World Happiness report 2013 The world is now in the midst of a major policy terms of emotion might inadvertently diminish debate about the objectives of public policy. What society’s will to fight poverty. should be the world’s Sustainable Development Goals for the period 2015-2030? The World Fortunately, respondents to happiness surveys do Happiness Report 2013 is offered as a contribution not tend to make such confusing mistakes.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 2 the DISTRIBUTION of WORLD HAPPINESS
    Chapter 2 THE DISTRIBUTION OF WORLD HAPPINESS JOHN F. HELLIWELL, HAIFANG HUANG AND SHUN WANG John F. Helliwell, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research and Vancouver School of Economics, University of British Columbia 8 Haifang Huang, Department of Economics, University of Alberta Shun Wang, KDI School of Public Policy and Management, Korea The authors are grateful to the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research and the KDI School for research support, and to the Gallup Organization for data access and assistance. In particular, several members of the Gallup staff helped in the development of Technical Box 3. The author are also grateful for helpful advice and comments from Ed Diener, Curtis Eaton, Carrie Exton, Leonard Goff, Carol Graham, Shawn Grover, Richard Layard, Guy Mayraz, Hugh Shiplett and Conal Smith. WORLD HAPPINESS REPORT 2016 | UPDATE Introduction survey years 2005 through 2011, in order to achieve representative samples in each answer It is now almost four years since the publication category. In this chapter we repeat that analysis of the first World Happiness Report (WHR) in using data from the subsequent four years, 2012. Its central purpose was to survey the 2012-2015. This will give us sufficiently large scientific underpinnings of measuring and samples to compare what we found for 2005- understanding subjective well-being. Its main 2011 with what we now see in the data for content is as relevant today as it was then, and 2012-2015. remains available for those now coming to the topic for the first time. The subsequent World Our main analysis of the distribution of happi- Happiness Report 2013 and World Happiness ness among and within nations continues to be Report 2015, issued at roughly 18 month inter- based on individual life evaluations, roughly vals, updated and extended this background.
    [Show full text]
  • Malaysia's Performance in World Happiness Report 2019
    Malaysia’s Performance in World Happiness Report 2019 Malaysia’s Performance in 1.0 INTRODUCTION The World Happiness Report (WHR) is a landmark survey of the state of global happiness produced annually by the United Nations Sustainable Development Solutions Network (SDSN). Now in its seventh edition, the report ranks 156 countries by how happy their citizens perceive themselves to be. This year’s report, apart from providing the usual country rankings of life evaluations, focuses on happiness and the community: how happiness has evolved over the past dozen years, with a focus on the technologies, social norms, conflicts and government policies that have driven those changes. The overall rankings of country happiness are based on the pooled results from Gallup World Poll (GWP) surveys 2016-2018. The GWP survey responses around six factors: GDP per capita, social support, life expectancy, freedom to make life choices, generosity and corruption levels. Finland was the happiest nation last year, came top again, followed by Denmark, Norway and Iceland. The Netherlands joined them in the top five. These top countries tend to have high values for most of the key variables that have been found to support well-being; i) income, ii) healthy life expectancy, iii) social support, iv) freedom, v) trust and vi) generosity. World Happiness Report 2019 2 Malaysia’s Performance in 2.0 MALAYSIA’S PERFORMANCE 2.1 Malaysia’s Overall Performance Malaysia is the 80th happiest country in the world, a massive drop of 45 places from last year’s 35th, with a score of 5.339 as compared with last year’s score of 6.322.
    [Show full text]
  • Editors: John F. Helliwell, Richard Layard, Jeffrey D. Sachs, and Jan-Emmanuel De Neve Associate Editors: Lara B
    2020 Editors: John F. Helliwell, Richard Layard, Jeffrey D. Sachs, and Jan-Emmanuel De Neve Associate Editors: Lara B. Aknin, Haifang Huang, and Shun Wang Table of Contents World Happiness Report 2020 Foreword . 1 1 Environments for Happiness: An Overview . 3 Helliwell, Layard, Sachs, & De Neve 2 Social Environments for World Happiness . 13 Helliwell, Huang, Wang, & Norton 3 Cities and Happiness: A Global Ranking and Analysis . 47 De Neve & Krekel 4 Urban-Rural Happiness Differentials Across the World . 67 Burger, Morrison, Hendriks, & Hoogerbrugge 5 How Environmental Quality Affects Our Happiness . .95 Krekel & MacKerron 6 Sustainable Development and Human Well-Being . 113 De Neve & Sachs 7 The Nordic Exceptionalism: What Explains Why the Nordic Countries are Constantly Among the Happiest in the World . 129 Martela, Greve, Rothstein, & Saari Annex: Using a New Global Urban-Rural Definition, Called the Degree of Urbanisation, to Assess Happiness . 147 Dijkstra & Papadimitriou Foreword widespread interest. Readers may be drawn in by wanting to know how their nation is faring, This is the eighth World Happiness Report. We but soon become curious about the secrets of use this Foreword, the first we have had, to offer life in the happiest countries. The Gallup team our thanks to all those who have made the has always been extraordinarily helpful and Report possible over the past eight years, and efficient in getting each year’s data available in to announce our expanding team of editors and time for our annual launches on International partners as we prepare for our 9th and 10th Day of Happiness, March 20th. Right from the reports in 2021 and 2022.
    [Show full text]
  • World Happiness Report 2020
    2020 Editors: John F. Helliwell, Richard Layard, Jeffrey D. Sachs, and Jan-Emmanuel De Neve Associate Editors: Lara B. Aknin, Haifang Huang, and Shun Wang Table of Contents World Happiness Report 2020 Foreword . 1 1 Environments for Happiness: An Overview . 3 Helliwell, Layard, Sachs, & De Neve 2 Social Environments for World Happiness . 13 Helliwell, Huang, Wang, & Norton 3 Cities and Happiness: A Global Ranking and Analysis . 47 De Neve & Krekel 4 Urban-Rural Happiness Differentials Across the World . 67 Burger, Morrison, Hendriks, & Hoogerbrugge 5 How Environmental Quality Affects Our Happiness . .95 Krekel & MacKerron 6 Sustainable Development and Human Well-Being . 113 De Neve & Sachs 7 The Nordic Exceptionalism: What Explains Why the Nordic Countries are Constantly Among the Happiest in the World . 129 Martela, Greve, Rothstein, & Saari Annex: Using a New Global Urban-Rural Definition, Called the Degree of Urbanisation, to Assess Happiness . 147 Dijkstra & Papadimitriou Foreword widespread interest. Readers may be drawn in by wanting to know how their nation is faring, This is the eighth World Happiness Report. We but soon become curious about the secrets of use this Foreword, the first we have had, to offer life in the happiest countries. The Gallup team our thanks to all those who have made the has always been extraordinarily helpful and Report possible over the past eight years, and efficient in getting each year’s data available in to announce our expanding team of editors and time for our annual launches on International partners as we prepare for our 9th and 10th Day of Happiness, March 20th. Right from the reports in 2021 and 2022.
    [Show full text]
  • World Happiness Report 2015
    WORLD HAPPINESS REPORT 2015 REPORT 2015 HAPPINESS WORLD WORLD HAPPINESS REPORT 2015 I EDITED BY JOHN HELLIWELL, RICHARD LAYARD AND JEFFREY SACHS | APRIL 2015 AND JEFFREY SACHS JOHN HELLIWELL, RICHARD LAYARD I EDITED BY WORLD HAPPINESS REPORT 2015 Edited by John Helliwell, Richard Layard and Jeffrey Sachs ISBN: 978-0-9968513-2-9 WORLD HAPPINESS REPORT 2015 Edited by John F. Helliwell, Richard Layard, and Jeffrey Sachs TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Setting the Stage 2 John F. Helliwell, Richard Layard, and Jeffrey Sachs 2. The Geography of World Happiness 12 John F. Helliwell, Haifang Huang and Shun Wang 3. How Does Subjective Well-being Vary Around the 42 World by Gender and Age? Nicole Fortin, John F. Helliwell, and Shun Wang 4. How to Make Policy When Happiness is the Goal 76 Richard Layard and Gus O’Donnell 5. Neuroscience of Happiness 88 Richard J. Davidson and Brianna S. Schuyler 6. Healthy Young Minds: 106 Transforming the Mental Health of Children Richard Layard and Ann Hagell 7. Human Values, Civil Economy, and Subjective Well-being 132 Leonardo Becchetti, Luigino Bruni and Stefano Zamagni 8. Investing in Social Capital 152 Jeffrey Sachs The World Happiness Report was written by a group of independent experts acting in their personal capacities. Any views expressed in this report do not necessarily reflect the views of any organization, agency or programme of the United Nations. WORLD HAPPINESS REPORT 2015 The world has come a long way since the first The breadth of public and policy interest in local World Happiness Report in 2012. Happiness is and national measures of subjective well-being increasingly considered a proper measure of was so great, and the need to develop regular social progress and a goal of public policy.
    [Show full text]
  • Beyond GDP Newsletter Measuring Progress, True Wealth, and the Wellbeing of Nations Interview Spotlight in Brief Quote Agenda August 2015
    Beyond GDP Newsletter Measuring progress, true wealth, and the wellbeing of nations Interview Spotlight In brief Quote Agenda August 2015 In this edition of the Beyond GDP newsletter: • Interview with Michael Green • Quote from Franklin D. Roosevelt • Spotlight: The social dimension of European Economic Governance Interview Interview with Michael Green on the Social Progress Index Michael Green is Executive Director of the Social Progress Imperative, an initiative aimed at redefining how the world measures success. An economist by training, he is co-author (with Matthew Bishop) of Philanthrocapitalism: How Giving Can Save the World and of The Road from Ruin: A New Capitalism for a Big Society. Previously, Michael served as a senior official in the U.K. Government’s Department for International Development, where he managed British aid programs to Russia and Ukraine and headed the communications department. He taught Economics at Warsaw University in Poland in the early 1990s. Why was the Social Progress Index (SPI) developed and who sons between social progress and economic development as was involved in its development? measured by GDP. Secondly, the SPI is focused on outcomes. For instance, it measures the health conditions achieved in a The original idea of developing an index to capture social country and not expenditure on the health sector – so the SPI progress goes back to the 2008 financial crisis. Together with is a descriptive tool, not a normative one. Thirdly, the index is my friend Matthew Bishop from the Economist, I wrote a book applicable to all countries, independently from their level of about the financial crisis, The Road From Ruin: A New Capital- economic development.
    [Show full text]